JP2004182528A

JP2004182528A - Fuel treating equipment

Info

Publication number: JP2004182528A
Application number: JP2002351030A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Makoto Inagaki; 信稲垣; Takashi Suzuki; 隆鈴木; Kunihiko Murayama; 邦彦村山
Original assignee: Ebara Ballard Corp
Current assignee: Ebara Ballard Corp
Priority date: 2002-12-03
Filing date: 2002-12-03
Publication date: 2004-07-02

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide fuel treating equipment equipped with a heat-insulation shaped article that has high heat resistance, heat-insulation properties, molding properties and strong impact resistance, and that is easy to be fixed to fuel treating equipment 1 or is easy to be packed in a narrow space in the fuel treating equipment. SOLUTION: In the fuel treating equipment 1 that conducts a treatment of a raw material gas G and reforms the same to a fuel gas J comprising hydrogen as a main component, the fuel treating equipment 1 is provided with a combustion chamber 13 that generates heat for utilization in the reforming, a first primary solid heat-insulation material 17 that insulates heat against the outside of combustion chamber 13, and a cloth-like secondary heat-insulation material 19 that covers and heat-insulates the outside of the first primary heat-insulation material 17. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、原料ガスを処理し燃料電池に供給する燃料ガスを得る燃料処理装置であって、特に燃焼部分を断熱保温し、あるいは温度的に隔離する断熱成形体を備える燃料処理装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
天然ガス、灯油などの化石燃料から固体高分子型燃料電池用の水素を発生させる燃料処理装置では、原料処理効率を高めるため、また装置内部の温度バランスを適正に保つために、装置の燃焼部、触媒層、熱交換部分等を１００℃から８００℃以上の高温度に維持・安定させることが条件となる。この条件を満足させるために、燃料処理装置の燃焼部、触媒層、熱交換部分等に、これらの形状、構造に合わせ、不燃性、耐熱性、断熱性を有する断熱成形体を装着、挿入し、あるいは被覆することが必要である。これを満たす例としてシリカフューム等のシリカ超微粒子粉末を圧縮成形した断熱成形体を装着、被覆した断熱保温を備えた燃料処理装置がある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような断熱成形体は耐熱性と断熱性は満足するものの、高価であり、圧縮成形等の手段で成形加工されるため、加工性が十分でなく、所望の形状に成形することが難しく、且つ、断熱成形体の表面硬度、強度が低いので外的衝撃に対して弱く、実用性が十分でない場合があった。また、これらの固形断熱材は、固定が難しく、従来はテープ等で固定していたが、熱膨張により固形断熱材間、あるいは容器と固定断熱材との間に隙間が生じ、熱が外部に逃げる現象があった。また、狭い空間等に充填する際には断熱材と装置との間に隙間ができ、断熱性能が低下する場合があった。
【０００４】
本発明は、上述の技術課題に関し、高い耐熱性、断熱性を有し、成形性がよく、外的衝撃に対して強く、燃料処理装置への固定が容易であり、あるいは燃料処理装置内の狭い空間等に隙間を生じることなく充填することが容易な断熱成形体を備えた燃料処理装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項１に係る発明による燃料処理装置１は、例えば図１に示すように、原料ガスＧを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスＪに改質する燃料処理装置１において；前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室１３と；燃焼室１３を外部に対して断熱する固形の第１の１次断熱材１７と；第１の１次断熱材１７の外側を覆い断熱する布状の２次断熱材１９とを備える。
【０００６】
このように構成すると、燃料処理装置１は、燃焼室１３と、第１の１次断熱材１７と、２次断熱材１９とを備えるので、第１の１次断熱材１７と２次断熱材１９とを組合せ、高い断熱性を有する固形の第１の１次断熱材１７により燃焼熱が燃焼室１３から装置外部に漏れるのを防ぎ、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持することができ、柔軟性を有し加工性に優れた布状の２次断熱材１９により、強度が不十分な第１の１次断熱材１７の外側を覆い断熱し、第１の１次断熱材１７の断熱性能を補強し、さらに第１の１次断熱材１７を外的衝撃に対し強くすることができる。なお、２次断熱材１９が、第１の１次断熱材１７の外側を覆うとは、２次断熱材１９が、第１の１次断熱材１７の外側を直接覆う場合だけでなく、２次断熱材１９と第１の１次断熱材１７との間に介在物があり２次断熱材１９が介在物の外側を覆う場合を含む概念とする。
【０００７】
請求項２に係る発明による燃料処理装置１は、請求項１に記載の燃料処理装置において、例えば図１に示すように、第１の１次断熱材１７として、シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末を含んで配合した混合物を発泡させ硬化させた無機質発泡体３７Ａを用い；２次断熱材１９として無機質繊維から成形した２次断熱成形体３９を用いる。
【０００８】
このように構成すると、燃料処理装置１は、無機質発泡体３７Ａと、２次断熱成形体３９とを用いるので、無機質発泡体３７Ａと２次断熱成形体３９とを組合せ、優れた耐熱性と高温での良好な断熱性を有し一体成形可能な無機質発泡体３７Ａにより燃焼熱が燃焼室１３から装置外部に漏れるのを防ぎ、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持することができ、良好な施工性と強度を有する２次断熱成形体３９により、強度の不十分な無機質発泡体３７Ａの外側を断熱し、無機質発泡体３７Ａの断熱性能を補強し、さらに無機質発泡体３７Ａを外的衝撃に対し強くすることができる。
【０００９】
請求項３に係る発明による燃料処理装置１は、請求項１に記載の燃料処理装置において、例えば図１に示すように、前記第１の１次断熱材１７として、シリカ系微粒子粉末を含んで配合した混合物を圧縮成形させた無機質多孔体３７Ｂを用い；２次断熱材１９として無機質繊維から成形した２次断熱成形体３９を用いる。
【００１０】
このように構成すると、燃料処理装置１は、無機質多孔体３７Ｂと、２次断熱成形体３９とを用いるので、無機質多孔体３７Ｂと２次断熱成形体３９とを組合せ、優れた耐熱性と高温での良好な断熱性を有する無機質発泡体３７Ａにより燃焼熱が燃焼室１３から装置外部に漏れるのを防ぎ、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持することができ、良好な施工性と強度を有する２次断熱材１９により、もろく、固定の難しい無機質多孔体３７Ｂの外側を断熱し、無機質発泡体３７Ａを外的衝撃に強くし、さらに無機質発泡体３７Ａを確実に燃料処理装置１に固定することができる。
【００１１】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項４に係る発明による燃料処理装置１は、例えば図１に示すように、原料ガスＧを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスＪに改質する燃料処理装置において；前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室１３と；燃焼室１３を外部に対して断熱する固形の第１の１次断熱材１７と；燃焼室１３と燃料処理装置１内の他の部分との間を断熱する布状の第２の１次断熱材１８とを備える。
【００１２】
このように構成すると、燃料処理装置１は、燃焼室１３と、第１の１次断熱材１７と、第２の１次断熱材１８とを備えるので、第１の１次断熱材１７と第２の１次断熱材１８とを組合せ、第１の１次断熱材１７により燃焼熱が燃焼室１３から装置外部に漏れるのを防ぎ、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持し、第２の１次断熱材１８により燃焼室１３と燃料処理装置１の他の部分との間を断熱し、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持し、また他の部分の温度を他の部分に適した低い温度とすることができる。燃焼室１３を外部に対して断熱するのを高い断熱性能、耐熱性能を有する固形の第１の１次断熱材１７にて行い、燃焼室１３と他の部分との間の断熱を、燃焼室１３と他の部分との間に形成された空間に挿入される、柔軟性を有する第２の１次断熱材１８にて行い、第１の１次断熱材１７と第２の１次断熱材１８とを使い分け、効率のよい断熱を行うことができる。なお、燃料処理装置１内の他の部分とは、燃焼燃料処理１内の、燃焼室１３より低い温度であることを要する部分をいう。
【００１３】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項５に係る発明による燃料処理装置１は、例えば図１に示すように、原料ガスＧを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスＪに改質する燃料処理装置１において；前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室１３と；燃焼室１３を外部に対して断熱する固形の第１の１次断熱材１７とを備え；前記第１の１次断熱材１７として、シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末を含んで配合した混合物を発泡させ硬化させた無機質発泡体３７Ａを用いる。
【００１４】
このように構成すると、燃料処理装置１は、燃焼室１３と、第１の１次断熱材１７とを備え、第１の１次断熱材１７として無機質発泡体３７Ａを用いるので、優れた耐熱性と高温での良好な断熱性を有し一体成形可能な無機質発泡体３７Ａにより燃焼熱が燃焼室１３から装置外部に漏れるのを防ぎ、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持することができる。
【００１５】
上記目的を達成するために、請求項６に係る発明による燃料処理装置１は、例えば図１に示すように、原料ガスＧを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスＪに改質する燃料処理装置において；前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室１３と；燃焼室１３と燃料処理装置１内の他の部分との間を断熱する布状の第２の１次断熱材１８とを備え；第２の１次断熱材１８として、無機質短繊維と加熱膨張材とを含んで配合した混合物をフェルト状に成形させた無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａを用いる。
【００１６】
このように構成すると、燃料処理装置１は、燃焼室１３と、第２の１次断熱材１８とを備え；第２の１次断熱材１８として、優れた耐熱性と、良好な高温での断熱性を有する無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａを用いるので、燃焼室１３と燃料処理装置１の他の部分との間を断熱し、燃焼室１３の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持し、また他の部分の温度を他の部分に適した低い温度とすることができる。燃焼室１３と他の部分との間の断熱を、燃焼室１３と他の部分との間に形成された空間に挿入される、柔軟性を有し、加工性に優れ、高温下で粉化、発泡膨張する無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａにて行うので、効率のよい断熱を行うことができる。
【００１７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明の実施の形態にかかる燃料処理装置としての燃料改質器１の概略構成を示す断面図である。図に示すように、略円柱形状の燃料改質器１は、垂直に設置され、燃焼原料導入部１１と、バーナー１２（燃焼炎を一点鎖線にて図示）と、燃焼室１３と、改質触媒層１４と、シフト触媒層１５と、選択酸化触媒層１６と、第１の１次断熱部１７と、第２の１次断熱部１８と、２次断熱部１９と、隔壁４１と、隔壁４２と、隔壁４３と、隔壁４４と、隔壁４５と、隔壁４６と、隔壁４７とを備える。燃焼原料導入部１１と２次断熱部１９とを除くこれらの構成要素は、円筒形状の２次断熱部１９内に収納されている。
【００１８】
燃焼原料導入部１１は、燃料改質器１の上部中央に設置され、原料導入口３１を有する。原料導入口３１から燃焼用原料（燃焼用ガスＤと燃焼用空気Ｅ）が導入される。バーナー１２は、燃料改質器１の上部中央であって燃焼原料導入部１１の直下方に形成された開口部３に接続され、燃料改質器１の中心軸線に沿って懸架され、燃焼用ガスＤを燃焼させる。燃焼室１３は、円筒形状をした燃焼円筒体１３Ａをその周囲を囲む周壁として有し、バーナー１２を収納する。燃焼室１３は、バーナー１２で燃焼用ガスＤを燃焼し、原料ガスＧの改質に利用する熱を発生する。改質触媒層１４は、円環形状をし、燃焼円筒体１３Ａの外側（燃料改質器１の径方向外側）に配置されている。改質触媒層１４は、その内側を隔壁４１により、その外側を隔壁４２により直接挟まれ、隔壁４１と隔壁４２の間に収納されている。
【００１９】
第１の１次断熱部１７は、第１の１次断熱材を成形した固形の第１の１次断熱成形体３７である。第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、固形であるので、もろいが高い断熱、耐熱性能を有する。第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、固形であるので、成形性が十分でなく、狭い充填空間に充填するのには適していない。よって、第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、図に示すように燃料改質器１の下部の広い充填空間に充填される。第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、後述のように第１の１次断熱材の組成により、（１）無機質発泡体３７Ａと、（２）無機質多孔体３７Ｂと、無機質発泡体３７Ａを成形する第１の断熱材と、無機質多孔体３７Ｂを成形する第１の断熱材とをブロック的に組み合わせて成形した（３）無機質組合せ体３７Ｃとに分類される。
【００２０】
第１の１次断熱部１７は、上部に円柱形の凹部２０を有する円柱形状であり、燃料改質器１の下部に、後述の２次断熱成形体３９の底面及び内壁面下部に接触して配置されている。凹部２０には、燃焼室１３の下部と、改質触媒層１４の下部が収納されている。凹部２０は、隔壁４３の外周面４３Ａに接触して、あるいは外周面４３Ａと１ｍｍ程度の隙間をあけて配置されている。すなわち、２次断熱成形体３９は、第１の１次断熱部１７の外側を覆い断熱を行っている。
【００２１】
第２の１次断熱部１８は、第１の１次断熱成形体３７を形成する第１の１次断熱材とは異なる、第２の１次断熱材を成形した布状の第２の１次断熱成形体３８である。断熱成形体が布状とは、断熱成形体が繊維構造であり自在に変形することができ、厚さ方向の長さが縦方向および横方向の長さに比較して大幅に短く、かつ変形の際に成分が安定し変質・飛散しないことをいう。第２の１次断熱成形体３８は、布状であるので、柔軟性を有し、充填口が狭く、細長比（挿入長さと充填口の幅との比）の大きい狭い充填空間に容易に充填することができる。第２の１次断熱成形体３８は、円環形状に成形した無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａであり、改質触媒層１４の外側（燃料改質器１の径方向外側）であって、第１の１次断熱部１７の上方に、配置されている。無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａは、その内側を隔壁４３により、その外側を隔壁４４により直接挟まれ、隔壁４３と隔壁４４の間に収納されている。
【００２２】
シフト触媒層１５は、円環形状であり、第２の１次断熱部１８の外側（燃料改質器１の径方向外側）に配置されている。シフト触媒層１５は、その内側を隔壁４４により、その外側を隔壁４５により直接挟まれ、隔壁４４と隔壁４５の間に収納されている。選択酸化触媒層１６は、円環形状であり、シフト触媒層１５の外側（燃料改質器１の径方向外側）に、配置されている。選択酸化触媒層１６は、隔壁４６と隔壁４７の垂直部４７Ａとの間に収納されている。２次断熱成形体３９は、選択酸化触媒層１６の外側に配置されている。２次断熱成形体３９は、隔壁４７の垂直部４７Ａの外側に接触して配置されている。隔壁４１〜４７をステンレス製の鋼板から製作するとよい。２次断熱部１９は、短繊維断熱材の２次断熱材からなり略円筒形状の容器構造をした２次断熱成形体３９であり、前述のように燃焼原料導入部１１を除くバーナー１２等の燃料改質器１の要素を内部に収納している。
【００２３】
燃料改質器１は、さらに燃焼排気ガス流路２１と、原料ガス流路２２と、改質ガス流路２３とを備える。容器構造の２次断熱成形体３９には、その側壁面に、それぞれパイプ形状の燃焼排ガス出口３２、原料ガス供給口３３、改質ガス出口３４、選択酸化用空気供給口３５が貫通するための孔が設けられている。
【００２４】
燃焼排気ガス流路２１は、燃焼円筒体１３Ａと隔壁４１との間に円環形状に形成され、さらに燃料改質器１上部であって２次断熱部１９の天井部３６に接する隔壁４７の水平部４７Ｂの真下に薄い円板状に形成される。バーナー１２で燃焼した原料ガスＧの燃焼排気ガスＦは、燃焼排気ガス流路２１を通って燃焼排ガス出口３２から燃料改質器１外に排気される。燃焼排気ガスＦは、燃焼排気ガス流路２１を通っている間、改質触媒層１４を加熱し、加熱された改質触媒層１４は、３００℃から８００℃の範囲内にある。また、後述のように円板状の燃焼排気ガス流路２１の真下には原料ガス流路２２の一部が通っており、燃焼排気ガスＦは、改質触媒層１４に接触する前の原料ガスＧを予熱する。
【００２５】
原料ガス流路２２は、燃料改質器１上部であって燃焼排気ガス流路２１の直下方に形成される。原料ガス流路２２は、その途中に、円環形状の流路２２Ａと、同じく円環形状の流路２２Ｂとを有する。流路２２Ａでは、原料ガスＧは、選択酸化触媒層１６とシフト触媒層１５の間を下降し、原料ガスＧと選択酸化触媒層１６との間で熱交換が隔壁４６を介して行われる熱交換部２５を通過し、原料ガスＧが選択酸化触媒層１６により予熱される。流路２２Ｂでは、原料ガスＧは、さらに反転し選択酸化触媒層１６とシフト触媒層１５の間を上昇し、原料ガスＧとシフト触媒層１５との間で熱交換が隔壁４５を介して行われる熱交換部２６を通過し、原料ガスＧがシフト触媒層１５により予熱される。
【００２６】
水Ｈが添加された原料ガスＧは、原料ガス供給口３３から原料ガス流路２２に入り、原料ガス流路２２を通って改質触媒層１４に供給される。改質ガス流路２３は、第１の１次断熱部１７と改質触媒層１４との間に円環状に形成された流路２３Ａを含み、さらにシフト触媒層１５の上方に形成された流路２３Ｂと、シフト触媒層１５と選択酸化触媒層１６との下方に形成された流路２３Ｃと、選択酸化触媒層１６の上方に形成された流路２３Ｄを含んで構成されている。シフト触媒層１５、選択酸化触媒層１６も、改質ガス流路２３の一部を形成する。
【００２７】
原料ガスＧ及び水Ｈは、選択酸化触媒層１６とシフト触媒層１５とに挟まれた原料ガス流路２２である熱交換部２５と熱交換部２６とを通過する間に１００℃から５００℃に予熱される。原料ガスＧは、改質触媒層１４で改質反応により改質されＨ_２とＣＯを主成分とする改質ガスＭとなる。改質ガスＭは、改質触媒層１４から流路２３Ａ、２３Ｂを通ってシフト触媒層１５に送られ、改質ガスＭ中のＣＯは、シフト触媒層１５でシフト（変成）反応により、Ｈ_２とＣＯ_２にシフトされ、改質ガスＭ中のＣＯは減少する。改質ガスＭは、シフト触媒層１５から流路２３Ｃを通って選択酸化触媒層１６に送られ、改質ガスＭ中のＣＯは、選択酸化触媒層１６で選択酸化用空気供給口３５から送られた空気Ｋとの選択酸化反応により、ＣＯが酸化されて除去され、Ｈ_２を主成分とする燃料ガスＪとなる。ＣＯが除去された改質ガスＭは、流路２３Ｄを通って改質ガス出口３４から燃料改質器１外に排出される。さらに改質ガスＭは、不図示の固体高分子型燃料電池に、Ｈ_２を主成分とする燃料ガスＪとして送られ、燃料電池発電が行われる。
【００２８】
第１の１次断熱部１７は、高温部、すなわち（１）燃焼室１３、（２）改質触媒層１４、燃焼排ガスＦと改質触媒層１４間の熱交換が隔壁４１を介して行われる（３）熱交換部２４の熱が、外部（燃料改質器１の外部、以下同様）に逃げないようにしている（以上第１の１次断熱）。第２の１次断熱部１８は、高温部の径方向外周（燃料改質器１の径方向外周と同じ）を断熱保持し、略円柱形状の高温部と、高温部の周りに位置する円環形状の低温部、すなわち（１）シフト触媒層１５、（２）選択酸化触媒層１６、（３）熱交換部２４、２５とを隔てる（以上第２の１次断熱）。低温部は、本発明の燃料処理装置内の他の部分である。２次断熱部１９は、円筒形状に燃料改質器１の外壁を構成するよう形成され、第１の１次断熱成形体３７の外側を覆って断熱し、熱が燃料改質器１の外表面から外に逃げないようにしている（２次断熱）。
【００２９】
なお、本発明において第１の１次断熱とは、前述のように燃焼室１３等がある高温部の熱が外部に逃げないようにすること、第２の１次断熱とは、燃焼室１３等の高温部とその周りのシフト触媒層１５等のある低温部との間を断熱し温度的に隔てることをいう。
【００３０】
次に、第１の１次断熱部１７、第２の１次断熱部１８、２次断熱部１９に用いられる断熱材についてさらに詳しく説明する。
第１の１次断熱材によって、第１の１次断熱部１７を形成する第１の１次断熱成形体３７が成形される。第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、燃料改質器１内部に装着、被覆され、高温部（６００〜８００℃）の外部に対する断熱を可能とするあ２２６う。第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、立体形状に固形に成形加工される。
【００３１】
第２の１次断熱材によって、第２の１次断熱部１８を形成する第２の１次断熱成形体３８が形成される。第２の１次断熱成形体３８は、円環形状、布状に成形加工され、高温部と低温部の間に挿入、装着され、高温部と低温部の間を断熱し温度的に隔てることを可能とする。第１の第１の１次断熱成形体３７と、第２の１次断熱成形体３８とを用いることにより、高温部の温度を維持し、高温部と低温部の間を断熱し温度的に隔てることにより、燃料改質器１が原料ガスＧを効率よく処理し燃料ガスＪを効率よく製造することができる。
【００３２】
さらに第２の断熱材によって、２次断熱成形体３９が形成される。２次断熱成形体３９は、円筒形状に成形加工され、１次断熱を施した燃料改質器１の外周部分（側面、上面、底面）を覆って装着、被覆され、燃料改質器１の表面の温度を接触しても火傷をしない温度まで下げることが可能である。
【００３３】
第１の１次断熱成形体３７には、微粒子シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末を主成分とする（１）無機質発泡体３７Ａ、または、シリカ超微粒子粉末を主成分とする（２）無機質多孔体３７Ｂ、さらには該無機質発泡体３７Ａを形成する断熱材と該無機質多孔体３７Ｂを形成する断熱材とをブロック的に組み合せて形成した（３）無機質組合せ体３７Ｃがある。
第２の１次断熱成形体３８には、ロックウールまたはセラミックウール、またはこれらを混合した混合ウールを主要成分とする無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａがある。
【００３４】
２次断熱成形体３９には、無機質短繊維としてのロックウールまたは無機質短繊維としてのガラスウールを円筒形状に成形加工し、さらにＡＬＧＣ（アルミガラスクロス）等の外皮材４０を外周部分（側面、上面、底面）に施し、さらに燃焼排気ガスＦ、原料ガスＧ、燃料ガスＪ、選択酸化用空気Ｋの配管用（原料導入口３１、燃焼排ガス出口３２、原料ガス供給口３３、改質ガス出口３４、選択酸化用空気供給口３５にそれぞれ接続された配管ノズル）の穴加工がなされている。
【００３５】
１次断熱材（第１の１次断熱材及び第２の１次断熱材）は、機械的な強度は劣るが耐熱性に優れた無機質素材から構成されており、１０００℃以上の高温断熱が可能であり、内部の高温部の温度６００〜８００℃に対し、１次断熱（第１の１次断熱及び第２の１次断熱）された燃料改質器１の外表面の温度を１００℃〜２００℃まで低下させることが可能となる。また、２次断熱材は、耐熱性は１次断熱材よりやや劣るが、安価で実用強度のある素材から構成され、燃料改質器１への装着、被覆が容易で、且つ、第１の１次断熱成形体３７の保護を兼ねた３００℃以下の温度域での断熱保温を目的とするものである。
以上説明したように１次断熱と２次断熱によって、燃料改質器１の生成効率を高めることができ実用性に優れた断熱成形体を備えた燃料改質器１の供給が可能となる。
【００３６】
第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末、熱線反射材、耐熱性繊維、整泡材、硬化材を配合した混合物を約５００ｋｇ／ｍ^３以下の密度で発泡させ硬化させて成形した無機質発泡体３７Ａとしてもよい。
【００３７】
第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、シリカ系微粒子粉末、耐熱性繊維、および熱線反射材を配合した混合物を約５００ｋｇ／ｍ^３以下の密度で圧縮成形した無機質多孔体３７Ｂとしてもよい。
【００３８】
第２の１次断熱成形体３８は、無機質短繊維と加熱膨張材とを含んで配合した混合物をフェルト状に成形した無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａとしてもよい。無機質短繊維は、ロックウール、またはセラミックウール、またはロックウールとセラミックウールの混合繊維からなる群から選ばれたものとするとよい。無機質短繊維は、脱ショット処理をしたものを用いてもよい。無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａは、ロックウール、またはセラミックウール、またはロックウールとセラミックウールの混合繊維からなる群から選ばれた無機質繊維と、焼結材と、結合剤と、加熱膨張材とを配合してフェルト状に成形してもよい。
【００３９】
２次断熱成形体３９は、結合剤を付着させた無機質短繊維を円筒形状に成形硬化し、前記円筒形状の成形体の外周に不燃性布を貼り付けて形成したものとするとよい。無機質短繊維は、ロックウール短繊維、またはガラスウール短繊維とするとよい。結合剤として、水溶性フェノール樹脂、メラミン樹脂、およびコロダイルシリカからなる群から選ばれたものを用いるとよい。
【００４０】
以下、第１の１次断熱を行う第１の１次断熱成形体３７、第２の１次断熱を行う第２の１次断熱成形体３８、２次断熱を行う２次断熱成形体３９について詳述する。
第１の１次断熱部１７の断熱材は、第１の１次断熱成形体３７で形成されている。第１の１次断熱成形体３７は、シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末を主要成分に、熱線反射材、耐熱性繊維、微粒子軽量化材、有機結合剤を配合してなるマトリックス材を１００重量部、硬化剤を５０〜１００重量部、発泡剤を５〜１５重量部、整泡剤を０．１〜０．２重量部を配合した混合物を撹拌混合し、図に示すような所定の形状を形成するよう型に注入することにより製造され無機質発泡体３７Ａとすることができる。
【００４１】
シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末は、メタカオリン、ボーキサイト、無定形シリカ、フライアッシュ、セメント等を成分とする。熱線反射材として、酸化チタン微粒子粉末を用いるとよい。耐熱性繊維として、寸法安定材と補強材を兼ねてガラスショップド繊維を用いるとよい。粒子軽量化材として、パーライト、ガラスバルーン、シラスバルーン等を用いるとよい。無機質発泡体３７Ａの強度向上を目的とする有機結合剤として、水溶性変性アクリル樹脂、ポバール等を用いる。硬化剤として、ナトリウム、カリウム系のアルカリ金属珪酸塩を用いるとよい。発泡剤として、アルミニウム粉末または過酸化水素水を用い、整泡剤として、カゼイン、シリコン樹脂、ヒマシ油エチレン・プロピレンオキサイド等を用いるとよい。
【００４２】
注入後、５０〜７０℃の温度で３０分〜２時間発泡硬化させ、続いて１００℃前後の温度で約２時間養生乾燥し、さらに耐熱性、及び寸法安定性の付与を目的に５００〜６００℃の温度で短時間熱処理し、無機質発泡体３７Ａを製造することができる。このように製造された無機質発泡体３７Ａの密度及び熱伝導率は、整泡剤のタイプ、発泡剤の配合量、軽量化剤の配合量等に依存するが、実用性の点から密度は２００〜５００ｋｇ／ｍ^３の範囲となるようにするのが好ましく、さらに２００〜３００ｋｇ／ｍ^３の範囲とするのがより好ましく、断熱性の尺度となる熱伝導率として、０．０３０〜０．０６０Ｗ／ｍＫの性能が得られる。また、無機質発泡体３７Ａの耐熱温度は約１０００℃と高く、１次断熱としての前述の高温部（６００〜８００℃）の断熱に適した条件を満たす断熱素材である。
【００４３】
第１の１次断熱部１７を、以下に述べる他の実施の形態の第１の１次断熱成形体３７としてもよい。他の実施の形態の１次断熱成形体３７は、シリカ系微粒子粉末を主要成分に、熱線反射材、耐熱性繊維を配合してなる混合物を所定の形状に圧縮成形して製造する無機質多孔体３７Ｂとすることができる。シリカ系微粒子粉末として、シリカ超微粒子粉末であるシリカフューム等を用いる。熱線反射材として、微粒子粉末酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウムを用いるとよい。耐熱性繊維は、補強材としても作用し、ガラスチョップド繊維を用いるとよい。本無機質多孔体３７Ｂは、素材が高価であるため、低密度で使用することが好ましいが、形状保持性と経済性の点から密度２００〜５００ｋｇ／ｍ^３の範囲とするのが好ましく、さらに２００〜３００ｋｇ／ｍ^３の範囲とするのがより好ましい。この範囲の密度で、熱伝導率として、０．０２０〜０．０３０Ｗ／ｍＫの性能が得られる。また、耐熱温度も約１０００℃と高く、素材としては高価ではあるが、すぐれた高温断熱が可能であり１次断熱としての条件を満たす。
【００４４】
無機質発泡体３７Ａまたは無機質多孔体３７Ｂは、軽量で耐熱性、断熱性に優れ、燃料改質器１の燃焼室１３等の６００〜８００℃の高温度での断熱保温に充分な性能を有する。しかしながら係る無機質発泡体３７Ａまたは無機質多孔体３７Ｂである第１の１次断熱成形体３７は強度、表面硬度が低く、また切削加工性が十分でないため、これらの点に対処するため、第１の１次断熱成形体３７を断熱被覆する２次断熱成形体３９による組み合せが経済性の観点からも好ましい。
【００４５】
本実施の形態に係る燃料改質器１は、第２の１次断熱としての、燃料改質器１内部の温度域を隔てる（高温部と低温部を隔てる）断熱保温のため、狭い円筒形状の隙間に挿入すること、あるいは装着することが容易なフェルト形状の第２の１次断熱成形体を用いることができる。
【００４６】
第２の１次断熱部１８の断熱材は、挿入、装着が容易なフェルト状の第２の１次断熱成形体３８で形成されている。本実施の形態の第２の１次断熱成形体３８は、無機質短繊維１００重量部に、加熱膨脹性無機質粉末５〜４０重量部、焼結性無機質粉末５〜１５重量部、結合助材を含む結合剤１０重量部以下、不燃性の点から好ましくは７重量部以下からなる混合物を水に分散させて得られるスラリーを、円網または長網タイプの製紙用抄造機と同様の抄造機でフェルト状に抄造し、乾燥、硬化させることにより製造される無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａとすることができる。
【００４７】
本無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａを構成する無機質短繊維は、ロックウールまたはセラミックウールであって、単独又は混合して使用される。ロックウールはＳｉＯ_２３５〜５５ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３１０〜２０ｗｔ％、ＭｇＯ５〜４０ｗｔ％、ＣａＯ５〜４０ｗｔ％、ＦｅＯ０〜１０ｗｔ％、Ｃｒ_２Ｏ_３、Ｎａ_２Ｏ、Ｋ_２Ｏ、ＴｉＯ_２、ＭｎＯ等の微量成分０〜１０ｗｔ％とからなる原料鉱物の混合物を、セラミックウールは、ＳｉＯ_２４７〜５２ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３４７〜５２ｗｔ％、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ、ＴｉＯ_２、ＺｒＯ_２等の微量成分の合計が０〜１０ｗｔ％とからなる原料鉱物の混合物を、キュポラ炉又は電気炉で１４００〜１６００℃の温度で溶融し、ブローイング法や高速回転体によるスピニング法で繊維化して得られる。係る無機質短繊維はショットと称する非繊維化粒子を約３０ｗｔ％含有しているので、脱ショット処理された形で使用する。
【００４８】
加熱膨脹性無機質粉末（加熱膨張材）として、未焼成バーミキュライト粉末、膨脹性黒鉛等を用いるとよい。焼結性無機質粉末として、ホウ砂、セピオライト、アタパルジャイト、低融点ガラスフリット、チタン酸カリウムホイスカー等の焼結性無機質粉末を用いるとよい。有機結合剤、無機結合剤として、アクリル樹脂、変性アクリル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、コロイダルシリカ等を用いる。結合助材として、ポリエチレンパルプ、ポリエチレン・ポリプロピレン複合繊維、ナイロン繊維等を用いるとよい。
【００４９】
本無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａは、挿入、装着する形状にもよるが、厚み２〜５ｍｍ、坪量３００〜２０００ｇ／ｍ^２が適正で、フェルトの加熱発砲後の熱伝導率は、０．０３０〜０．０５０Ｗ／ｍＫの範囲にあり、耐熱性も７００〜１０００℃と高く、燃料改質器１内部の高温部を低温部から隔てる断熱保温を行うための挿入型の第２の１次断熱成形体３８として使用することができる。
【００５０】
２次断熱部１９の断熱材は、２次断熱成形体３９で形成されている。無機質短繊維としてのロックウールまたはガラスウール短繊維を円筒形状に成形加工した２次断熱成形体の基本形は、前述したロックウール、または組成が、ＳｉＯ_２６０〜７２ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３１〜５ｗｔ％、ＭｇＯ０〜５ｗｔ％、ＣａＯ６〜１１ｗｔ％、Ｂ_２Ｏ_３０〜７ｗｔ％、Ｒ_２Ｏ（Ｎａ_２Ｏ＋Ｋ_２Ｏ）１４〜１９ｗｔ％からなるガラスウールの保温筒の製造設備で製造することができる。係る２次断熱成形体３９は、以上説明したロックウール又はガラスウール組成の原料をキュポラ炉、電気炉で溶融し、続いて高速回転体等で繊維化するが、この工程で水溶性フェノール樹脂、水溶性メラミン樹脂、コロイダルシリカに、必要に応じてワックス系撥水剤やシランカップリング剤を配合した水溶性バインダー液を吹霧して繊維に付着させたマットを円筒形状の芯管に巻きつけ、１５０〜２５０℃の温度で５〜２０分加熱硬化させ、切断脱芯を経て連結半割型の円筒形状の断熱材が製造される。係る円筒形状の断熱材は、密度８０〜１５０ｋｇ／ｍ^３、熱伝導率０．０３０〜０．０５０Ｗ／ｍＫで、３００〜７００℃の温度範囲に適した耐熱性がある。また、以上説明した円筒形状の断熱材は、不燃性布としてのＡＬＧＣ（アルミガラスクロス）、不燃性布としてのＡＬＫ（アルミクラフト紙）等の外皮材４０を貼り、且つ、配管用の穴あけ加工をして２次断熱成形体３９に加工され、１次断熱を施した燃料改質器１を覆い円筒形状に装着、被覆される。
【００５１】
以上説明したように本発明の第１の１次断熱成形体３７、第２の１次断熱成形体３８、２次断熱成形体３９を挿入、装着、被覆した燃料ガスＪを発生する燃料改質器１の内部温度６００〜８００℃に対し、燃料改質器１の外表面温度は３０〜５０℃まで低下し、優れた断熱保温性を有し、軽量であり、メンテナンス性にも優れた性能を発揮する。また第１の１次断熱成形体３７、第２の１次断熱成形体３８、２次断熱成形体３９の挿入、装着、被覆等の作業性も良好で経済性と実用性も満足され、起動停止の繰り返しによる容器の膨張、収縮に対しても、柔軟に追従して良好な断熱性を示し、本発明の技術課題が解決される。
【００５２】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の燃料処理装置用の第１の１次断熱材から形成される第１の１次断熱成形体３７、第２の１次断熱材から形成される第２の１次断熱形成体３８、２次断熱材から形成される２次断熱成形体３９について実施例を以て説明する。無機質発泡体３７Ａ（第１の１次断熱成形体３７）の実施例を説明する（実施例１）。
メタカリオン３０ｗｔ％、ワラストナイト２８ｗｔ％、タルク２０ｗｔ％、マスコバイト２ｗｔ％、ヒマシ油エチレンプロピレンオキサイド系の整泡剤２ｗｔ％からなる粒径１０μｍ以下の微粒子粉末の混合物２２０ｇに、４０ｗｔ％濃度珪酸カリウム５０ｇ、１７ｗｔ％過酸化水素水３０ｇを常温で３分撹拌し、サイズ、約２５０ｍｍ（長さ）×約２５０ｍｍ（幅）×約２０ｍｍ（厚さ）の離型処理したスチール製の型枠に注入し、蓋で密閉する。続いて型枠を５０℃の乾燥機に入れ、１時間、発泡硬化させた後、脱形して無機質発泡体３７Ａを得た。発泡体３７Ａは、室温で一昼夜、養生し、養生後１００℃で２時間乾燥し、続いて６００℃で１０分熱処理をして最終的な無機質発泡体３７Ａを製造する。
【００５３】
表１に、得られた無機質発泡体３７Ａの性能を表示する。
【表１】

【００５４】
表１に示した無機質発泡体３７Ａの試験方法は次の通りである。熱伝導率は、ＪＩＳＡ１４１２の平板法による熱伝導率測定による評価である。耐熱温度は、電気炉で１０℃／ｍｉｎの昇温速度で加熱した時の２％寸法収縮する温度として評価している。圧縮強度は、５％圧縮変形で得られる最大圧縮強度として評価している。
表１より本発明の無機質発泡体３７Ａは、軽量で耐熱性、断熱性に優れ、１次断熱としての適正条件を満足し、且つ、所定の形状に発泡成形することが可能で、１次断熱成形体３７として使用できることが理解される。
【００５５】
次に、無機質多孔体３７Ｂの実施例を説明する（実施例２）。
日本マイクロサーム社の粒径５０ｎｍ以下の超微粉子シリカ・エアロジルが１００重量部、１μｍ以下の微粒子酸化チタンが５０重量部、ガラスチョップド繊維が８重量部からなる混合物に、成形助剤としての炭酸アンモニウム１重量部を配合し、常温で圧縮成形し、続いて１２５℃で加圧養生してサイズ、約２５０ｍｍ（長さ）×約２５０ｍｍ（幅）×約２０ｍｍ（幅）の無機質多孔体を製造した。（註：日本マイクロサーム社のマイクロサーム・ブロックタイプの製法に該当する）
【００５６】
表２に、得られた無機質多孔体３７Ｂ（第１の１次断熱成形体３７）の性能を示す。
【表２】

【００５７】
表２に示した無機質多孔体３７Ｂの試験方法は次の通りである。熱伝導率は、ＪＩＳＡ１４１２平板法による熱伝導率測定による評価である。耐熱温度は、電気炉で１０℃／ｍｉｎの昇温速度で加熱した時の２％寸法収縮する温度として評価している。
表２より無機質多孔体３７Ｂは、耐熱性、断熱性に優れ１次断熱としての適正条件を満足するが、成形加工性がやや不十分で素材も高価であるので、形状のシンプルな断熱成形体として部分的に使用することが好ましい。
【００５８】
次に、無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−１（図中、符号３８Ａと同一形状）（第２の１次断熱成形体３８）の実施例を説明する（実施例３−１）。
ＳｉＯ_２４８ｗｔ％、ＣａＯｌｗｔ％、ＭｇＯ２８ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３１９ｗｔ％、その他微量成分の合計４ｗｔ％からなるロックウール粒状綿を水に分散しパルパーで解繊切断し、続いてクリーナーによる脱ショット処理をして得られる繊維長１００〜１０００μｍのロックウール４０ｗｔ％、粒径が０．５〜２．０ｍｍの未焼成バーミキュライト４０ｗｔ％、解繊精製したセピオライト１０ｗｔ％、チタン酸カリウムとパルプの混合物３ｗｔ％、繊維長が約１０ｍｍ、３デニールのポリエチレン・ポリプロピレン複合繊維２ｗｔ％、ガラス転移温度−１４℃で固形分４５ｗｔ％の熱自己架橋型アクリル樹脂エマルジョン５ｗｔ％からなる混合物をミキサーで分散し、約１ｗｔ％の水性スラリーを調整する。係る水性スラリーをロートフォーマー型抄造機で抄造し、吸引脱水後１５０℃、２０分乾燥し、厚み約５ｍｍのフェルトを製造した。続いて２０ｇ／ｍ^２のポリエステル繊維不織布をニッドパンチ加工した無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−１を製造した。
【００５９】
他の実施例の無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−２（図中、符号３８Ａと同一形状）（第２の１次断熱成形体３８）を説明する（実施例３−２）。
実施例１のロックウールが７０ｗｔ％、平均粒度約１．５ｍｍの膨脹性黒鉛が１０ｗｔ％、解繊精製したセピオライト１０ｗｔ％、チタン酸カリウムとパルプの混合物３ｗｔ％、繊維長が約１０ｍｍ、３デニールのポリエチレン・ポリプロピレン複合繊維２ｗｔ％、ガラス転移温度−１４℃の固形分４５ｗｔ％の熱自己架橋型アクリル樹脂エマルジョン５ｗｔ％からなる混合物を実施例（３−１）と同様にして、厚み約５ｍｍの無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−２を製造した。
【００６０】
さらに他の実施例の無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−３（図中、符号３８Ａと同一形状）を説明する（実施例３−３）。
ＳｉＯ_２４８ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３４８ｗｔ％、その他微量成分４ｗｔ％からなるセラミックウールを無機質発泡体の実施例１のロックウールと同様の方法で処理し、脱ショットした得られる繊維長が１００〜１０００μｍのセラミックウール４０ｗｔ％、その他の成分及び製造法は実施例（３−１）と同様な方法で厚み約５ｍｍの無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−３を製造した。
【００６１】
実施例（３−１）〜（３−３）で得られた無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−１から３８Ａ−３の性能を表３に示す。
【表３】

【００６２】
表３に示した無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−１〜３の試験方法は次の通りである。防火性は、ＪＩＳＡ１３２１の基材試験及び表面試験による評価である。耐熱温度は、電気炉で１０℃／ｍｉｎの昇温速度で加熱した時のフェルトの縦、横方向の寸法が５％収縮する温度としての評価である。加熱膨脹率は、電気炉で６００℃、２分間加熱処理した時のフェルトの厚み方向の膨張率である。熱伝導率は、ＪＩＳＡ１４１２の平板法による熱伝導率による評価である。表３より本実施の形態の無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａは、耐熱性と断熱性、柔軟性を有するシートで、挿入型の第２の１次断熱成形体３８として使用できることが理解される。
【００６３】
次に、無機質短繊維円筒形状断熱成形体（２次断熱成形体３９）の実施例を説明する（実施例４）。
ＳｉＯ_２４０ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３１３ｗｔ％、ＭｇＯ５ｗｔ％、ＣａＯ３７ｗｔ％、その他微量成分の合計５ｗｔ％からなるロックウール原料を電気炉で１４５０〜１５００℃に熔融し遠心力を利用した２ホイール型高速回転体で繊維化して得られる平均繊維径４μｍのロックウールに、回転体の周囲に配置した複数のノズルよりコロイダルシリカと水溶性メラミン樹脂からなるバインダー液を噴霧し、繊維に固形分で５ｗｔ％付着させた未硬化綿を製造した。続いて外径約１６０ｍｍのスチール製の芯管に肉厚約２０ｍｍになる様、巻きつけ２００℃の硬化炉で３０分加熱硬化させ、脱芯を経て連結半割型にカットした円筒形状の断熱材を製造した。続いて、円筒形状の断熱材に一般市販品のＡＬＧＣ（アルミガラスクロス）シートをクロロプレン接着剤で被覆し、２次断熱成形体３９であるロックウール系断熱成形体を製造する。
【００６４】
無機質短繊維円筒形状断熱成形体（２次断熱成形体３９）の他の実施例を説明する（実施例５）。
ＳｉＯ_２６３ｗｔ％、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３３ｗｔ％、ＭｇＯ３ｗｔ％、ＣａＯ７ｗｔ％、Ｂ_２Ｏ_３５ｗｔ％、Ｋ_２Ｏ５ｗｔ％、Ｎａ_２Ｏ１２ｗｔ％、その他微量成分の合計２ｗｔ％からなるガラス原料を電気炉で１３５０〜１４００℃に溶融し遠心力を利用した高速回転体で繊維化して得られる平均繊維径６μｍのガラスウールに、回転体の周囲に配置した複数のノズルより、コロイダルシリカと水溶性フェノールからなるバインダー液を噴霧し、繊維に固形分で７ｗｔ％付着させた未硬化綿を製造した。以下、実施例４のロックウールの場合と同様に、外径約１６０ｍｍのスチール製の芯管に肉厚約２０ｍｍになる様、巻きつけ２００℃の硬化炉で３０分加熱硬化させ、脱芯を経て連結半割型にカットした円筒形状の断熱材を製造した。続いて、円筒形状の断熱材に一般市販品のＡＬＧＣ（アルミガラスクロス）シートをクロロプレン接着剤で被覆し、２次断熱成形体３９であるガラスウール系断熱成形体を製造した。
【００６５】
実施例４と５で得られた断熱成形体の性能を表４に示す。
【表４】

【００６６】
実施例４または５において、肉厚部分の熱伝導率は同一密度に平板に成形した断熱板で評価した。表４より本発明の円筒形状の断熱成形体は、１次断熱材と比較し、耐熱性は低いが、断熱性、機械的強度、防湿性および装着被覆性に優れ、且つ、安価な断熱素材から構成されているので経済的な２次断熱成形体３９として使用できる。２次断熱成形体３９である実施例４、５の無機質短繊維円筒形状断熱成形体は、第１の１次断熱成形体３７の外側を断熱する。
【００６７】
次に、下記の断熱材を燃料改質器１に使用した場合の実施例の性能評価について述べる（実施例６−１）。
第１の１次断熱成形体３７の外径が約１７０ｍｍ、長さが約１８０ｍｍ、第１の１次断熱成形体３７の凹部２０の内径が約９０ｍｍ、深さが約１３０ｍｍ、第２の１次断熱成形体３８の内径が約９０ｍｍ、厚さが約５ｍｍ、長さが断熱成形体約３９０ｍｍ、２次断熱成形体３９の外径が約２００ｍｍ、厚さが約２０ｍｍ、長さが約６４０ｍｍであり、燃焼室１３（燃焼温度６００〜８００℃）、熱交換部２４、２５、２６を有するステンレス製の燃料改質器１に、実施例１の無機質発泡体３７Ａからなる第１の１次断熱成形体３７、実施例３−２の無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−２からなる第２の１次断熱成形体３８と、実施例４のロックウール系円筒形状の２次断熱成形体３９を燃料改質器１に挿入、装着、被覆し、燃料改質器１の外径が約２００ｍｍ、長さが約６４０ｍｍとなる様、断熱保温する。
【００６８】
次に他の実施例（実施例６−２）として、実施例６−１の燃料改質器１において、無機質発泡体３７Ａの代わりに実施例２で用いた無機質多孔体３７Ｂを用い、実施例３−２で用いた無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−２の代わりに、実施例３−１で用いた無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−１を用い、断熱保温する。
【００６９】
実施例６−１、６−２で、燃料ガス生成試験を実施したところ、生成効率も高く、燃焼室の温度が６００〜８００℃である、断熱保温した燃料改質器１の外側温度は４０〜５０℃と低く、本発明に係る実施の形態の断熱成形体３７、３８、３９による断熱保温は良好な結果を示した。
【００７０】
以上、実施例（１〜６）で述べた様に、燃料改質器１の断熱保温に関し、本実施例の第１の１次断熱成形体３７として無機質発泡体３７Ａ、無機質多孔体３７Ｂ、１次断熱成形体３８として円環形状の無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−１、３８Ａ−２と、円筒形状の２次断熱成形体３９の組み合せからなる断熱材を燃料改質器１に挿入、装着、被覆することで燃料ガス発生効率を高める高温断熱保温が可能となる。また、実施例（１〜６）の断熱成形体３７、３８、３９は、軽量でメンテナンス性も良く、燃料改質器１への挿入、装着、被覆が容易で、且つ、安価な素材をベースに構成されているので、経済的な断熱保温が可能で実用性に優れるという効果を発揮する。第１の１次断熱成形体３７として、無機質組合せ体３７Ｃを用い、あるいは第２の１次断熱成形体３８として、無機質短繊維フェルト３８Ａ−３を用いても同様の効果が得られる。
【００７１】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、燃料処理装置は、燃焼室と、第１の１次断熱材と、２次断熱材とを備えるので、高い断熱性を有する固形の第１の１次断熱材により燃焼熱が燃焼室から装置外部に漏れるのを少なくして燃焼室の燃焼温度を適切な値に維持することができ、柔軟性を有し加工性に優れた布状の２次断熱材により、強度が不十分な第１の１次断熱材の外側を覆い断熱し、第１の１次断熱材の断熱性能を補強し、さらに第１の１次断熱材を外的衝撃に対し強くすることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の燃料改質器の構成を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１燃料改質器
３開口部
１１燃焼原料導入部
１２バーナー
１３燃焼室
１３Ａ燃焼円筒体
１４改質触媒層
１５シフト触媒層
１６選択酸化触媒層
１７第１の１次断熱部
１８第２の１次断熱部
１９２次断熱部
２０凹部
２１燃焼排気ガス流路
２２原料ガス流路
２３改質ガス流路
２４、２５、２６熱交換部
３１原料導入口
３２燃焼排ガス
３３原料ガス供給口
３４改質ガス出口
３５選択酸化用空気供給口
３６天井部
３７第１の１次断熱成形体
３７Ａ無機質発泡体
３７Ｂ無機質多孔体
３７Ｃ無機質組合せ体
３８第２の１次断熱成形体
３８Ａ無機質短繊維フェルト
３９２次断熱成形体
４０外皮材
４１〜４７隔壁
Ｄ燃焼用ガス
Ｅ燃焼用空気
Ｆ燃焼排気ガス
Ｇ原料ガス
Ｈ水
Ｊ燃料ガス
Ｍ改質ガス[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas to obtain a fuel gas to be supplied to a fuel cell, and more particularly to a fuel processing apparatus provided with an adiabatic formed body that insulates and keeps a combustion portion insulated or thermally isolated. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the case of a fuel processor that generates hydrogen for polymer electrolyte fuel cells from fossil fuels such as natural gas and kerosene, the combustion section of the system is used to increase the raw material processing efficiency and maintain an appropriate temperature balance inside the device. The condition is to maintain and stabilize the catalyst layer, the heat exchange part and the like at a high temperature of 100 ° C. to 800 ° C. or more. In order to satisfy this condition, a non-combustible, heat-resistant, heat-insulating molded body having a non-combustible, heat-resistant, heat-insulating property is fitted and inserted into the combustion section, catalyst layer, heat exchange section, etc. of the fuel processor, according to their shape and structure. Or need to be coated. As an example that satisfies this requirement, there is a fuel processing apparatus equipped with an adiabatic molded body obtained by compression-molding ultrafine silica powder such as silica fume and covering the adiabatic heat.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, such a heat-insulating molded body, although satisfying the heat resistance and the heat insulating property, is expensive, and is formed by a method such as compression molding. In some cases, it is difficult and the surface hardness and strength of the heat-insulated molded article are low, so that the heat-insulated molded article is vulnerable to external impact, and the practicability may not be sufficient. In addition, these solid insulation materials are difficult to fix, and were conventionally fixed with tape or the like.However, a gap is generated between the solid insulation materials or between the container and the fixed insulation material due to thermal expansion, and heat is transferred to the outside. There was a runaway phenomenon. Further, when filling a narrow space or the like, a gap is formed between the heat insulating material and the device, and the heat insulating performance may be reduced.
[0004]
The present invention relates to the above technical problems, has high heat resistance, high heat insulation, good moldability, strong against external impact, easy to fix to the fuel processor, or in the fuel processor. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel processing apparatus provided with a heat-insulating molded body that can be easily filled in a narrow space or the like without generating a gap.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a fuel processing apparatus 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, processes a raw material gas G to reform a fuel gas J containing hydrogen as a main component. In the processing apparatus 1, a combustion chamber 13 that generates heat used for the reforming; a solid first heat insulating material 17 that insulates the combustion chamber 13 from the outside; and a first primary heat insulating material 17 And a cloth-like secondary heat insulating material 19 that covers the outside of the device and insulates the outside.
[0006]
With this configuration, the fuel processing device 1 includes the combustion chamber 13, the first primary heat insulator 17, and the second heat insulator 19, so that the first primary heat insulator 17 and the second heat insulator 19. Combining with 19, solid first primary heat insulating material 17 having high heat insulating property prevents combustion heat from leaking from combustion chamber 13 to the outside of the apparatus, and maintains the combustion temperature of combustion chamber 13 at an appropriate value. The heat insulation is performed by covering the outside of the first heat insulating material 17 having insufficient strength with the cloth-like secondary heat insulating material 19 having flexibility and excellent workability. 17 can be reinforced and the first primary heat insulating material 17 can be strengthened against external impact. The phrase “the secondary heat insulating material 19 covers the outside of the first primary heat insulating material 17” means not only that the secondary heat insulating material 19 directly covers the outside of the first primary heat insulating material 17, but also The concept includes a case where there is an intervening material between the secondary heat insulating material 19 and the first primary heat insulating material 17 and the secondary heat insulating material 19 covers the outside of the intervening material.
[0007]
The fuel processing apparatus 1 according to the second aspect of the present invention is the fuel processing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein, for example, as shown in FIG. An inorganic foamed body 37A obtained by foaming and curing the mixture blended in the above is used; as the secondary heat insulating material 19, a secondary heat insulating molded body 39 molded from inorganic fibers is used.
[0008]
With this configuration, since the fuel processing apparatus 1 uses the inorganic foam 37A and the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39, the fuel processing apparatus 1 combines the inorganic foam 37A and the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 to provide excellent heat resistance and high temperature. The inorganic foam 37A having good heat insulating properties and capable of being integrally molded prevents combustion heat from leaking from the combustion chamber 13 to the outside of the apparatus, and can maintain the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 13 at an appropriate value. The secondary insulation molding 39 having good workability and strength insulates the outside of the inorganic foam 37A having insufficient strength, reinforces the heat insulation performance of the inorganic foam 37A, and furthermore, externally disposes the inorganic foam 37A. It can be strong against impact.
[0009]
The fuel processing apparatus 1 according to the third aspect of the present invention is the fuel processing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein, for example, as shown in FIG. An inorganic porous body 37B obtained by compression-molding the blended mixture is used; a secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 molded from inorganic fibers is used as the secondary heat-insulating material 19.
[0010]
With this configuration, since the fuel processing apparatus 1 uses the inorganic porous body 37B and the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39, the fuel processing apparatus 1 combines the inorganic porous body 37B and the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 to provide excellent heat resistance and high temperature. The combustion heat can be prevented from leaking from the combustion chamber 13 to the outside of the device by the inorganic foam 37A having good heat insulating properties in the above, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 13 can be maintained at an appropriate value, and good workability and The secondary heat insulating material 19 having strength insulates the outside of the inorganic porous body 37B which is fragile and difficult to fix, strengthens the inorganic foam 37A against external impacts, and ensures that the inorganic foam 37A is transferred to the fuel processing apparatus 1. Can be fixed.
[0011]
In order to achieve the above object, a fuel processing apparatus 1 according to a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a fuel for processing a raw material gas G to reform it into a fuel gas J containing hydrogen as a main component, as shown in FIG. A combustion chamber 13 that generates heat used for the reforming; a first solid thermal insulator 17 that insulates the combustion chamber 13 from the outside; a combustion chamber 13 and the inside of the fuel processing apparatus 1 And a cloth-like second primary heat insulating material 18 that insulates between other parts.
[0012]
With this configuration, the fuel processing device 1 includes the combustion chamber 13, the first primary heat insulator 17, and the second primary heat insulator 18, so that the first primary heat insulator 17 and the second The first primary heat insulating material 17 prevents the heat of combustion from leaking from the combustion chamber 13 to the outside of the apparatus, and maintains the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 13 at an appropriate value. Insulation between the combustion chamber 13 and other parts of the fuel processor 1 is insulated by the second primary heat insulating material 18, the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 13 is maintained at an appropriate value, and the temperature of the other parts is maintained at another value. A lower temperature suitable for the part can be provided. The combustion chamber 13 is insulated from the outside by the solid first heat insulating material 17 having high heat insulation performance and heat resistance performance, and the heat insulation between the combustion chamber 13 and other parts is performed by the combustion chamber 13. The first primary heat insulator 17 and the second primary heat insulator 17 are inserted into a space formed between the first and

second heat insulators

13 and 13 in the space formed between the first and second heat insulators. 18 can be used properly for efficient heat insulation. It should be noted that the other parts in the fuel processing device 1 refer to parts in the combustion fuel processing 1 that need to be at a lower temperature than the combustion chamber 13.
[0013]
In order to achieve the above object, a fuel processing apparatus 1 according to a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas G into a fuel gas J containing hydrogen as a main component as shown in FIG. The processing apparatus 1 includes: a combustion chamber 13 that generates heat used for the reforming; and a solid first heat insulating material 17 that insulates the combustion chamber 13 from the outside; As the heat insulating material 17, an inorganic foamed body 37A obtained by foaming and curing a mixture containing silica-alumina-based fine particle powder is used.
[0014]
With this configuration, the fuel processing device 1 includes the combustion chamber 13 and the first primary heat insulating material 17 and uses the inorganic foam 37A as the first primary heat insulating material 17, so that excellent heat resistance is obtained. It is possible to prevent the heat of combustion from leaking from the combustion chamber 13 to the outside of the apparatus by the integrally foamable inorganic foam 37A having good heat insulating properties at high temperatures and maintain the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 13 at an appropriate value. it can.
[0015]
In order to achieve the above object, a fuel processing apparatus 1 according to a sixth aspect of the present invention provides a fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas G into a fuel gas J containing hydrogen as a main component as shown in FIG. A combustion chamber 13 that generates heat used for the reforming; a cloth-like second primary heat insulating material 18 that insulates between the combustion chamber 13 and other parts in the fuel processing apparatus 1; An inorganic short fiber felt 38A in which a mixture of inorganic short fibers and a heat-expanding material is formed into a felt shape as the second primary heat insulating material 18;
[0016]
With such a configuration, the fuel processing apparatus 1 includes the combustion chamber 13 and the second primary heat insulating material 18; as the second primary heat insulating material 18, excellent heat resistance and favorable high-temperature Since the inorganic short fiber felt 38A having heat insulating properties is used, the combustion chamber 13 is insulated from the other parts of the fuel processing apparatus 1 to maintain the combustion temperature of the combustion chamber 13 at an appropriate value. Can be set to a low temperature suitable for other parts. The insulation between the combustion chamber 13 and the other parts is inserted into the space formed between the combustion chamber 13 and the other parts, and has flexibility, excellent workability, and powdered under high temperature. Since the heat treatment is performed with the inorganic short fiber felt 38A that expands and expands, efficient heat insulation can be performed.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a fuel reformer 1 as a fuel processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a substantially columnar fuel reformer 1 is installed vertically, and includes a combustion raw material introduction part 11, a burner 12 (a combustion flame is shown by a dashed line), a combustion chamber 13, and a reformer. The catalyst layer 14, the shift catalyst layer 15, the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16, the first primary heat insulating portion 17, the second primary heat insulating portion 18, the secondary heat insulating portion 19, the partition 41, and the partition 42, a partition 43, a partition 44, a partition 45, a partition 46, and a partition 47. These components other than the combustion material introduction part 11 and the secondary heat insulating part 19 are accommodated in the cylindrical secondary heat insulating part 19.
[0018]
The combustion material introduction section 11 is provided at the upper center of the fuel reformer 1 and has a material introduction port 31. Combustion materials (combustion gas D and combustion air E) are introduced from the material introduction port 31. The burner 12 is connected to the opening 3 formed at the upper center of the fuel reformer 1 and directly below the combustion material introduction section 11, suspended along the central axis of the fuel reformer 1, and used for combustion. The gas D is burned. The combustion chamber 13 has a cylindrical combustion cylinder 13A as a peripheral wall surrounding the periphery thereof, and houses the burner 12. The combustion chamber 13 burns the combustion gas D with the burner 12 and generates heat used for reforming the raw material gas G. The reforming catalyst layer 14 has an annular shape and is arranged outside the combustion cylinder 13A (outside in the radial direction of the fuel reformer 1). The reforming catalyst layer 14 is directly sandwiched between the partition walls 41 on the inside and the partition wall 42 on the outside, and is housed between the

partition walls

41 and 42.
[0019]
The first primary heat insulating portion 17 is a solid first primary heat insulating molded body 37 formed by molding the first primary heat insulating material. Since the first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is solid, it has high brittle heat insulation and heat resistance. Since the first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is solid, it has insufficient moldability and is not suitable for filling a narrow filling space. Therefore, the first primary adiabatic molded body 37 is filled in a wide filling space below the fuel reformer 1 as shown in the figure. The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 forms (1) an inorganic foamed body 37A, (2) an inorganic porous body 37B, and an inorganic foamed body 37A by the composition of the first primary heat-insulating material as described later. (3) Inorganic combination body 37C formed by combining the first heat insulation material to be formed and the first heat insulation material to form the inorganic porous body 37B in a block manner.
[0020]
The first primary heat insulating portion 17 has a cylindrical shape having a cylindrical concave portion 20 at an upper portion, and is in contact with a lower surface of a secondary heat insulating molded body 39 and a lower portion of an inner wall surface described below at a lower portion of the fuel reformer 1. Is arranged. The lower part of the combustion chamber 13 and the lower part of the reforming catalyst layer 14 are accommodated in the recess 20. The recess 20 is disposed in contact with the outer peripheral surface 43A of the partition 43 or with a gap of about 1 mm from the outer peripheral surface 43A. That is, the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 covers the outside of the first primary heat-insulating portion 17 and performs heat insulation.
[0021]
The second primary heat-insulating section 18 is different from the first primary heat-insulating material forming the first primary heat-insulating molded body 37, and is a cloth-like second first heat-insulating material formed. This is the next heat insulating molded body 38. The heat-insulating molded body is cloth-like, and the heat-insulating molded body has a fibrous structure and can be freely deformed, and the length in the thickness direction is significantly shorter than the length in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the shape is deformed. Means that the components are stable and do not deteriorate or scatter. Since the second primary heat-insulating molded body 38 is cloth-like, it has flexibility, a narrow filling port, and can be easily inserted into a narrow filling space having a large slenderness ratio (ratio between the insertion length and the width of the filling port). Can be filled. The second primary heat-insulated molded body 38 is an inorganic short fiber felt 38A formed into an annular shape, and is outside the reforming catalyst layer 14 (outside in the radial direction of the fuel reformer 1) and It is arranged above the primary heat insulating part 17. The inorganic short fiber felt 38 A is directly sandwiched between the partition walls 43 on the inside and the partition wall 44 on the outside, and is housed between the partition walls 43 and 44.
[0022]
The shift catalyst layer 15 has an annular shape and is arranged outside the second primary heat insulating portion 18 (outside in the radial direction of the fuel reformer 1). The shift catalyst layer 15 is directly sandwiched between the partition walls 45 on the inside and the partition wall 45 on the outside, and is accommodated between the partition walls 44. The selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 has an annular shape and is arranged outside the shift catalyst layer 15 (outside in the radial direction of the fuel reformer 1). The selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 is housed between the partition 46 and the vertical portion 47A of the partition 47. The secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 is arranged outside the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16. The secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 is arranged in contact with the outside of the vertical portion 47A of the partition wall 47. The partitions 41 to 47 are preferably made of a stainless steel plate. The secondary heat insulating portion 19 is a secondary heat insulating molded body 39 made of a secondary heat insulating material of short fiber heat insulating material and having a substantially cylindrical container structure. The elements of the fuel reformer 1 are housed inside.
[0023]
The fuel reformer 1 further includes a combustion exhaust gas passage 21, a raw material gas passage 22, and a reformed gas passage 23. A pipe-shaped combustion exhaust gas outlet 32, a raw material gas supply port 33, a reformed gas outlet 34, and a selective oxidation air supply port 35 penetrate through the side wall surface of the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 having a container structure. A hole is provided.
[0024]
The combustion exhaust gas passage 21 is formed in an annular shape between the combustion cylinder 13 A and the partition wall 41, and further has a partition wall 47 above the fuel reformer 1 and in contact with the ceiling 36 of the secondary heat insulating portion 19. It is formed in a thin disk shape just below the horizontal portion 47B. The combustion exhaust gas F of the raw material gas G burned by the burner 12 is exhausted from the combustion exhaust gas outlet 32 to the outside of the fuel reformer 1 through the combustion exhaust gas passage 21. The combustion exhaust gas F heats the reforming catalyst layer 14 while passing through the combustion exhaust gas passage 21, and the heated reforming catalyst layer 14 is in the range of 300 ° C to 800 ° C. Further, as will be described later, a part of the raw material gas passage 22 passes directly below the disc-shaped combustion exhaust gas passage 21, and the combustion exhaust gas F is supplied to the raw material gas before contacting the reforming catalyst layer 14. Preheat gas G.
[0025]
The source gas passage 22 is formed above the fuel reformer 1 and directly below the combustion exhaust gas passage 21. The source gas flow path 22 has an annular flow path 22A and an annular flow path 22B in the middle thereof. In the flow path 22A, the source gas G descends between the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 and the shift catalyst layer 15, and heat exchange between the source gas G and the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 via the partition wall 46 is performed. The raw material gas G passes through the exchange unit 25 and is preheated by the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16. In the flow path 22B, the raw material gas G is further inverted and rises between the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 and the shift catalyst layer 15, and heat exchange between the raw material gas G and the shift catalyst layer 15 is performed via the partition wall 45. The raw material gas G passes through the heat exchange section 26 and is preheated by the shift catalyst layer 15.
[0026]
The source gas G to which the water H has been added enters the source gas flow channel 22 from the source gas supply port 33, and is supplied to the reforming catalyst layer 14 through the source gas flow channel 22. The reformed gas channel 23 includes an annular channel 23 A formed between the first primary heat insulating portion 17 and the reforming catalyst layer 14, and further includes a flow channel formed above the shift catalyst layer 15. It is configured to include a passage 23B, a passage 23C formed below the shift catalyst layer 15 and the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16, and a passage 23D formed above the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16. The shift catalyst layer 15 and the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 also form part of the reformed gas channel 23.
[0027]
The raw material gas G and the water H are heated from 100 ° C. to 500 ° C. while passing through the heat exchange part 25 and the heat exchange part 26 which are the raw material gas flow paths 22 sandwiched between the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 and the shift catalyst layer 15. Preheated. The raw material gas G is reformed by the reforming reaction in the reforming catalyst layer 14 and H ₂ And a reformed gas M containing CO as a main component. The reformed gas M is sent from the reforming catalyst layer 14 to the shift catalyst layer 15 through the

flow paths

23A and 23B, and CO in the reformed gas M is converted into H by the shift (transformation) reaction in the shift catalyst layer 15. ₂ And CO ₂ And the CO in the reformed gas M decreases. The reformed gas M is sent from the shift catalyst layer 15 to the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 through the flow path 23C, and CO in the reformed gas M is sent from the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16 through the selective oxidation air supply port 35. CO is oxidized and removed by the selective oxidation reaction with the produced air K, and H ₂ Is the fuel gas J whose main component is The reformed gas M from which CO has been removed is discharged from the reformed gas outlet 34 to the outside of the fuel reformer 1 through the flow path 23D. Further, the reformed gas M is supplied to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (not shown) by H ₂ Is sent as fuel gas J whose main component is, and fuel cell power generation is performed.
[0028]
The first primary adiabatic part 17 is provided with a high-temperature part, that is, (1) the combustion chamber 13, (2) the reforming catalyst layer 14, and heat exchange between the combustion exhaust gas F and the reforming catalyst layer 14 via the partition wall 41. (3) The heat of the heat exchange section 24 is prevented from escaping to the outside (outside of the fuel reformer 1, the same applies hereinafter) (the first primary heat insulation). The second primary heat insulating portion 18 thermally insulates and holds the radial outer periphery of the high-temperature portion (same as the radial outer periphery of the fuel reformer 1), and has a substantially cylindrical high-temperature portion and a circle positioned around the high-temperature portion. The ring-shaped low-temperature portion, that is, (1) the shift catalyst layer 15, (2) the selective oxidation catalyst layer 16, and (3) the heat exchange portions 24 and 25 are separated (the second primary heat insulation). The low temperature section is another part in the fuel processor of the present invention. The secondary heat-insulating section 19 is formed so as to constitute the outer wall of the fuel reformer 1 in a cylindrical shape, and covers the outside of the first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 to insulate the heat. It does not escape from the surface (secondary insulation).
[0029]
Note that, in the present invention, the first primary heat insulation means that the heat of the high temperature part where the combustion chamber 13 and the like does not escape to the outside as described above, and the second primary heat insulation means that the combustion chamber 13 Means to insulate and thermally separate a high-temperature portion such as that described above and a low-temperature portion surrounding the shift catalyst layer 15 and the like.
[0030]
Next, the heat insulating material used for the first primary heat insulating portion 17, the second primary heat insulating portion 18, and the secondary heat insulating portion 19 will be described in more detail.
The first primary heat-insulating material forms the first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 that forms the first primary heat-insulating portion 17. The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is mounted and covered inside the fuel reformer 1, and enables heat insulation to the outside of the high-temperature portion (600 to 800 ° C.). The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is solid-formed into a three-dimensional shape.
[0031]
The second primary heat-insulating member forms a second primary heat-insulating molded body 38 that forms the second primary heat-insulating portion 18. The second primary heat-insulating molded body 38 is formed into an annular shape and a cloth shape, inserted and mounted between the high-temperature part and the low-temperature part, and insulates the high-temperature part and the low-temperature part to separate them thermally. Is possible. By using the first first heat-insulated molded body 37 and the second primary heat-insulated molded body 38, the temperature of the high-temperature part is maintained, the heat between the high-temperature part and the low-temperature part is insulated, and the temperature is reduced. By separating, the fuel reformer 1 can efficiently process the raw material gas G and efficiently produce the fuel gas J.
[0032]
Further, the second heat insulating material forms the secondary heat insulating molded body 39. The secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 is formed into a cylindrical shape, mounted and covered over the outer peripheral portion (side surface, top surface, bottom surface) of the fuel reformer 1 subjected to primary heat insulation. It is possible to reduce the temperature of the surface to a temperature that does not cause burns even if touched.
[0033]
The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 includes (1) an inorganic foam body 37A mainly composed of fine-particle silica / alumina-based fine powder or (2) an inorganic porous body 37B mainly composed of ultrafine silica powder. Further, there is (3) an inorganic combination body 37C formed by block-wise combining a heat insulation material forming the inorganic foam 37A and a heat insulation forming the inorganic porous body 37B.
The second primary heat-insulating molded body 38 includes an inorganic short fiber felt 38A mainly composed of rock wool or ceramic wool, or a mixed wool obtained by mixing these.
[0034]
For the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39, rock wool as an inorganic short fiber or glass wool as an inorganic short fiber is formed into a cylindrical shape, and a skin material 40 such as ALGC (aluminum glass cloth) is further formed with an outer peripheral portion (side surface, For the piping of the combustion exhaust gas F, the raw material gas G, the fuel gas J, and the selective oxidizing air K (raw material introduction port 31, combustion exhaust gas outlet 32, raw material gas supply port 33, reformed gas outlet) 34, a hole of a piping nozzle connected to the selective oxidation air supply port 35 is formed.
[0035]
The primary heat insulating material (the first primary heat insulating material and the second primary heat insulating material) is made of an inorganic material having low mechanical strength but excellent heat resistance. The temperature of the outer surface of the fuel reformer 1 which is first-insulated (first primary insulation and second primary insulation) is set to 100 ° C. with respect to the internal high-temperature part temperature of 600 to 800 ° C. To 200 ° C. In addition, the secondary heat insulating material is slightly inferior in heat resistance to the primary heat insulating material, but is made of a material that is inexpensive and has practical strength, is easy to be attached to the fuel reformer 1, and is easily covered. The purpose is to keep the heat insulation in a temperature range of 300 ° C. or less and also to protect the primary heat-insulating molded body 37.
As described above, the primary heat insulation and the secondary heat insulation can increase the production efficiency of the fuel reformer 1 and make it possible to supply the fuel reformer 1 provided with the heat-insulating molded body excellent in practicality.
[0036]
The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is made of a mixture of silica-alumina-based fine particle powder, heat ray reflective material, heat-resistant fiber, foam stabilizer, and hardening material at about 500 kg / m. ³ Inorganic foam 37A formed by foaming and curing at the following density may be used.
[0037]
The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is prepared by mixing a mixture of silica-based fine particle powder, heat-resistant fiber, and a heat ray reflective material at about 500 kg / m. ³ The inorganic porous body 37B may be formed by compression molding at the following density.
[0038]
The second primary heat-insulating molded body 38 may be an inorganic short fiber felt 38A obtained by molding a mixture of inorganic short fibers and a heat-expanding material into a felt shape. The inorganic short fiber may be selected from the group consisting of rock wool, ceramic wool, or a mixed fiber of rock wool and ceramic wool. The inorganic short fiber may be one subjected to a de-shot process. The inorganic short fiber felt 38A is obtained by mixing an inorganic fiber selected from the group consisting of rock wool, ceramic wool, or a mixed fiber of rock wool and ceramic wool, a sintered material, a binder, and a heat expansion material. May be formed into a felt shape.
[0039]
The secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 is preferably formed by molding and curing inorganic short fibers to which a binder has been attached into a cylindrical shape, and attaching a nonflammable cloth to the outer periphery of the cylindrical molded body. The inorganic short fibers are preferably rock wool short fibers or glass wool short fibers. As the binder, a binder selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble phenol resin, a melamine resin, and corodyl silica may be used.
[0040]
Hereinafter, a first primary heat-insulated molded body 37 that performs first primary heat insulation, a second primary heat-insulated molded body 38 that performs second primary heat insulation, and a secondary heat-insulated molded body 39 that performs secondary heat insulation will be described. It will be described in detail.
The heat insulating material of the first primary heat insulating portion 17 is formed of a first primary heat insulating molded body 37. The first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is composed of a silica-alumina-based fine particle powder as a main component, a heat ray reflective material, a heat-resistant fiber, a fine particle lightening material, and an organic binder in an amount of 100 parts by weight of a matrix material. A mixture obtained by mixing 50 to 100 parts by weight of a curing agent, 5 to 15 parts by weight of a foaming agent, and 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of a foam stabilizer is stirred and mixed to form a predetermined shape as shown in the figure. The inorganic foam 37A can be produced by injecting the mixture into a mold.
[0041]
The silica / alumina-based fine particle powder contains metakaolin, bauxite, amorphous silica, fly ash, cement and the like as components. As the heat ray reflective material, fine particles of titanium oxide may be used. As the heat-resistant fiber, glass-shopped fiber may be used as both the dimension stabilizer and the reinforcing material. Perlite, glass balloons, shirasu balloons, and the like may be used as the particle lightening material. As an organic binder for improving the strength of the inorganic foam 37A, a water-soluble modified acrylic resin, Poval, or the like is used. As the curing agent, a sodium or potassium alkali metal silicate is preferably used. As the foaming agent, aluminum powder or aqueous hydrogen peroxide may be used, and as the foam stabilizer, casein, silicone resin, castor oil ethylene / propylene oxide, or the like may be used.
[0042]
After the injection, foaming and curing are carried out at a temperature of 50 to 70 ° C. for 30 minutes to 2 hours, followed by curing and drying at a temperature of about 100 ° C. for about 2 hours, and further, 500 to 600 for the purpose of imparting heat resistance and dimensional stability. By heat-treating at a temperature of ° C for a short time, the inorganic foam 37A can be manufactured. The density and thermal conductivity of the inorganic foam 37A thus produced depend on the type of the foam stabilizer, the blending amount of the foaming agent, the blending amount of the lightening agent, and the like. ~ 500kg / m ³ It is preferable to be in the range of 200 to 300 kg / m. ³ Is more preferable, and a performance of 0.030 to 0.060 W / mK can be obtained as a thermal conductivity which is a measure of heat insulation. In addition, the heat resistance temperature of the inorganic foam 37A is as high as about 1000 ° C., and is a heat insulating material that satisfies the conditions suitable for heat insulation of the above-described high-temperature portion (600 to 800 ° C.) as primary heat insulation.
[0043]
The first primary heat insulating portion 17 may be a first primary heat insulating molded body 37 of another embodiment described below. A primary heat-insulating molded body 37 according to another embodiment is an inorganic porous body manufactured by compression-molding a mixture obtained by blending a heat-reflecting material and heat-resistant fiber with silica-based fine particle powder as a main component into a predetermined shape. 37B. As the silica-based fine particle powder, silica fume or the like, which is ultrafine silica powder, is used. Fine particles of titanium oxide and zirconium oxide are preferably used as the heat ray reflective material. The heat-resistant fiber also functions as a reinforcing material, and glass chopped fiber may be used. The inorganic porous body 37B is preferably used at a low density because the material is expensive. However, the density is 200 to 500 kg / m2 from the viewpoint of shape retention and economy. ³ And more preferably in the range of 200 to 300 kg / m. ³ It is more preferable to be within the range. With a density in this range, a performance of 0.020 to 0.030 W / mK can be obtained as the thermal conductivity. In addition, the heat resistance temperature is as high as about 1000 ° C., and although it is expensive as a material, it is capable of excellent high-temperature insulation and satisfies the condition as primary insulation.
[0044]
The inorganic foam 37A or the inorganic porous body 37B is lightweight, has excellent heat resistance and heat insulation properties, and has sufficient performance for heat insulation and heat retention at a high temperature of 600 to 800 ° C. in the combustion chamber 13 and the like of the fuel reformer 1. However, the first primary heat-insulated molded body 37, which is the inorganic foamed body 37A or the inorganic porous body 37B, has low strength and low surface hardness, and has insufficient cutting workability. The combination of the secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 for thermally insulating the primary heat-insulating molded body 37 is also preferable from the viewpoint of economy.
[0045]
The fuel reformer 1 according to the present embodiment has a narrow cylindrical shape for adiabatic heat retention that separates a temperature range inside the fuel reformer 1 (separates a high-temperature portion and a low-temperature portion) as second primary heat insulation. It is possible to use a felt-shaped second primary heat-insulated body that can be easily inserted or mounted in the gap.
[0046]
The heat insulating material of the second primary heat insulating portion 18 is formed of a felt-shaped second primary heat insulating molded body 38 that can be easily inserted and mounted. The second primary heat-insulated molded body 38 of the present embodiment is composed of 100 parts by weight of inorganic short fibers, 5 to 40 parts by weight of a heat-expandable inorganic powder, 5 to 15 parts by weight of a sinterable inorganic powder, and a bonding aid. A slurry obtained by dispersing a mixture comprising 10 parts by weight or less of a binder, preferably 7 parts by weight or less from the viewpoint of nonflammability in water, using a papermaking machine similar to a circular or long net type papermaking machine. Inorganic short fiber felt 38A manufactured by felt-shaped papermaking, drying and curing can be obtained.
[0047]
The inorganic short fibers constituting the inorganic short fiber felt 38A are rock wool or ceramic wool, and are used alone or in combination. Rock wool is SiO ₂ 35-55wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ 10-20 wt%, MgO5-40 wt%, CaO5-40 wt%, FeO0-10 wt%, Cr ₂ O ₃ , Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, TiO ₂ , MnO, etc., a mixture of raw minerals consisting of 0 to 10 wt% of a minor component, ₂ 47-52wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ 47-52wt%, CaO, MgO, TiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ A mixture of raw minerals comprising a total of 0 to 10 wt% of trace components such as is melted in a cupola furnace or an electric furnace at a temperature of 1400 to 1600 ° C, and fiberized by a blowing method or a spinning method using a high-speed rotating body to obtain a fiber. Can be Such inorganic short fibers contain non-fibrillated particles called shots in an amount of about 30 wt%, and are used in a de-shot-processed form.
[0048]
As the heat-expandable inorganic powder (heat-expandable material), unfired vermiculite powder, expandable graphite, or the like may be used. As the sinterable inorganic powder, sinterable inorganic powder such as borax, sepiolite, attapulgite, low melting point glass frit, potassium titanate whisker and the like may be used. An acrylic resin, a modified acrylic resin, a vinyl acetate resin, a phenol resin, colloidal silica, or the like is used as the organic binder and the inorganic binder. As the bonding aid, polyethylene pulp, polyethylene / polypropylene composite fiber, nylon fiber, or the like may be used.
[0049]
The inorganic short fiber felt 38A has a thickness of 2 to 5 mm and a basis weight of 300 to 2000 g / m, depending on the shape to be inserted and mounted. ² Is appropriate, the thermal conductivity of the felt after heating and firing is in the range of 0.030 to 0.050 W / mK, the heat resistance is as high as 700 to 1000 ° C., and the high temperature part inside the fuel reformer 1 is kept at a low temperature. It can be used as an insertion-type second primary heat-insulated molded body 38 for performing heat insulation and heat insulation separated from the portion.
[0050]
The heat insulating material of the secondary heat insulating portion 19 is formed of a secondary heat insulating molded body 39. The basic form of the secondary heat-insulated molded body obtained by molding rock wool or glass wool short fiber as an inorganic short fiber into a cylindrical shape is the rock wool described above, or the composition is SiO. ₂ 60-72wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ 1-5 wt%, MgO0-5 wt%, CaO6-11 wt%, B ₂ O ₃ 0-7 wt%, R ₂ O (Na ₂ O + K ₂ O) It can be produced by a facility for producing a glass wool heat insulating cylinder composed of 14 to 19 wt%. Such a secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 is obtained by melting the raw material having the composition of rock wool or glass wool described above in a cupola furnace or an electric furnace, and subsequently forming fibers using a high-speed rotating body. Water-soluble melamine resin and colloidal silica are sprayed with a water-soluble binder solution containing a wax-based water repellent and a silane coupling agent as necessary, and the mat attached to the fibers is wound around a cylindrical core tube. After heating and curing at a temperature of 150 to 250 ° C. for 5 to 20 minutes, and cutting and decentering, a connected half-split cylindrical heat insulating material is manufactured. Such a cylindrical heat insulating material has a density of 80 to 150 kg / m. ³ And a heat conductivity of 0.030 to 0.050 W / mK, and a heat resistance suitable for a temperature range of 300 to 700 ° C. In addition, the cylindrical heat insulating material described above is applied with an outer skin material 40 such as ALGC (aluminum glass cloth) as a non-combustible cloth and ALK (aluminum kraft paper) as a non-combustible cloth, and also performs a drilling process for piping. Then, the fuel reformer 1 is processed into a secondary heat-insulated molded body 39, and is fitted and covered in a cylindrical shape to cover the fuel reformer 1 subjected to primary heat insulation.
[0051]
As described above, the fuel reforming that generates the fuel gas J in which the first primary heat-insulated molded body 37, the second primary heat-insulated molded body 38, and the second heat-insulated molded body 39 of the present invention are inserted, mounted, and covered. The outer surface temperature of the fuel reformer 1 is reduced to 30 to 50 ° C. with respect to the internal temperature of the reactor 1 of 600 to 800 ° C., and has excellent adiabatic heat retention, light weight, and excellent maintainability. Demonstrate. In addition, the workability of inserting, mounting, and covering the first primary heat-insulated molded body 37, the second primary heat-insulated molded body 38, and the secondary heat-insulated molded body 39 is satisfactory, and the economy and practicality are satisfied. Even when the container expands and contracts due to repeated stoppages, the container flexibly follows and exhibits good heat insulating properties, thereby solving the technical problem of the present invention.
[0052]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a first primary heat-insulating molded body 37 formed from the first primary heat-insulating material and a second primary heat-insulating molded body formed from the second primary heat-insulating material for the fuel processor of the present invention. 38, a secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 formed from a secondary heat-insulating material will be described with reference to examples. An example of the inorganic foam body 37A (first primary heat-insulated molded body 37) will be described (Example 1).
40 g of potassium silicate having a concentration of 40 wt. 50 g and 30 g of 17 wt% hydrogen peroxide solution were stirred at room temperature for 3 minutes and poured into a steel mold having a size of about 250 mm (length) × about 250 mm (width) × about 20 mm (thickness). And seal with lid. Subsequently, the mold was placed in a dryer at 50 ° C., and subjected to foaming and curing for 1 hour, followed by demolding to obtain an inorganic foam 37A. The foam 37A is cured at room temperature for 24 hours, dried at 100 ° C. for 2 hours after curing, and then heat-treated at 600 ° C. for 10 minutes to produce a final inorganic foam 37A.
[0053]
Table 1 shows the performance of the obtained inorganic foam 37A.
[Table 1]

[0054]
The test method of the inorganic foam 37A shown in Table 1 is as follows. The thermal conductivity is evaluated by measuring the thermal conductivity by the flat plate method of JIS A1412. The heat-resistant temperature is evaluated as a temperature at which 2% dimensional shrinkage occurs when heated at a rate of 10 ° C./min in an electric furnace. The compressive strength is evaluated as the maximum compressive strength obtained by 5% compressive deformation.
As shown in Table 1, the inorganic foam 37A of the present invention is lightweight, has excellent heat resistance and heat insulating properties, satisfies the appropriate conditions for primary heat insulation, and can be foam-molded into a predetermined shape. It is understood that it can be used as the molded body 37.
[0055]
Next, an example of the inorganic porous body 37B will be described (Example 2).
A mixture of 100 parts by weight of ultrafine silica aerosil having a particle size of 50 nm or less and 50 parts by weight of fine particle titanium oxide having a particle size of 1 μm or less and 8 parts by weight of glass chopped fiber manufactured by Microtherm Japan Co., Ltd. One part by weight of ammonium is blended, compression molded at room temperature, and then cured under pressure at 125 ° C. to produce an inorganic porous material having a size of about 250 mm (length) × about 250 mm (width) × about 20 mm (width). did. (Note: It corresponds to the manufacturing method of Microtherm block type of Microtherm Japan)
[0056]
Table 2 shows the performance of the obtained inorganic porous body 37B (first primary heat-insulated molded body 37).
[Table 2]

[0057]
The test method of the inorganic porous body 37B shown in Table 2 is as follows. The thermal conductivity is evaluated by measuring the thermal conductivity by the JIS A 1412 flat plate method. The heat-resistant temperature is evaluated as a temperature at which 2% dimensional shrinkage occurs when heated at a rate of 10 ° C./min in an electric furnace.
As shown in Table 2, the inorganic porous body 37B is excellent in heat resistance and heat insulation, and satisfies the appropriate conditions for primary heat insulation. It is preferable to partially use them.
[0058]
Next, an example of the inorganic short fiber felt 38A-1 (same shape as reference numeral 38A in the drawing) (second primary heat-insulating molded body 38) will be described (Example 3-1).
SiO ₂ 48wt%, CaOlwt%, MgO28wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ Rock wool granular cotton consisting of 19 wt% and a total of 4 wt% of other trace components is dispersed in water, defibrated and cut with a pulper, and subsequently, de-shot by a cleaner, and 40 wt% of rock wool having a fiber length of 100 to 1000 μm. 40 wt% of unfired vermiculite having a particle size of 0.5 to 2.0 mm, 10 wt% of defibrated and purified sepiolite, 3 wt% of a mixture of potassium titanate and pulp, and a polyethylene-polypropylene composite fiber having a fiber length of about 10 mm and 3 denier A mixture of 5 wt% of a thermally self-crosslinking acrylic resin emulsion having a solid content of 2 wt% and a glass transition temperature of −14 ° C. and a solid content of 45 wt% is dispersed by a mixer to prepare an aqueous slurry of about 1 wt%. The aqueous slurry was paper-formed with a funnel-form paper machine, dried by suction at 150 ° C. for 20 minutes, and a felt having a thickness of about 5 mm was produced. Then 20g / m ² Inorganic short fiber felt 38A-1 was produced by subjecting a polyester fiber nonwoven fabric to nid punching.
[0059]
An inorganic short fiber felt 38A-2 (having the same shape as reference numeral 38A in the figure) (second primary heat-insulating molded body 38) of another embodiment will be described (Example 3-2).
70% by weight of rock wool of Example 1, 10% by weight of expandable graphite having an average particle size of about 1.5 mm, 10% by weight of defibrated and purified sepiolite, 3% by weight of a mixture of potassium titanate and pulp, fiber length of about 10 mm, 3 denier A mixture consisting of 2 wt% of a polyethylene-polypropylene composite fiber and 5 wt% of a thermal self-crosslinking acrylic resin emulsion having a glass transition temperature of -14 ° C. and a solid content of 45 wt% was prepared in the same manner as in Example (3-1). Inorganic short fiber felt 38A-2 was produced.
[0060]
Still another example of the inorganic short fiber felt 38A-3 (the same shape as the reference numeral 38A in the drawing) will be described (Example 3-3).
SiO ₂ 48wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ Ceramic wool consisting of 48 wt% and other trace components of 4 wt% is treated in the same manner as the rock wool of Example 1 of the inorganic foam, and the shot is obtained. The resulting fiber wool having a fiber length of 100 to 1000 μm is 40 wt%. Ingredient short fiber felt 38A-3 having a thickness of about 5 mm was manufactured in the same manner as in Example (3-1) for the components and the manufacturing method.
[0061]
Table 3 shows the performance of the inorganic short fiber felts 38A-1 to 38A-3 obtained in Examples (3-1) to (3-3).
[Table 3]

[0062]
The test method for the inorganic short fiber felts 38A-1 to 38A-3 shown in Table 3 is as follows. The fire resistance is evaluated by a base material test and a surface test according to JIS A 1321. The heat-resistant temperature is an evaluation as a temperature at which the longitudinal and lateral dimensions of the felt shrink by 5% when heated at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min in an electric furnace. The coefficient of thermal expansion is the coefficient of expansion in the thickness direction of the felt when subjected to heat treatment at 600 ° C. for 2 minutes in an electric furnace. The thermal conductivity is an evaluation based on the thermal conductivity according to the JIS A1412 flat plate method. From Table 3, it is understood that the inorganic short fiber felt 38A of the present embodiment is a sheet having heat resistance, heat insulating properties, and flexibility, and can be used as the insertion-type second primary heat-insulating molded body 38.
[0063]
Next, an example of the inorganic short fiber cylindrical heat-insulating molded body (secondary heat-insulating molded body 39) will be described (Example 4).
SiO ₂ 40wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ An average obtained by melting a rock wool raw material composed of 13 wt%, MgO 5 wt%, CaO 37 wt%, and a total of 5 wt% of other trace components at 1450 to 1500 ° C. in an electric furnace and fibrillating with a two-wheel high-speed rotating body using centrifugal force. A binder liquid composed of colloidal silica and a water-soluble melamine resin was sprayed onto rock wool having a fiber diameter of 4 μm from a plurality of nozzles arranged around the rotating body to produce uncured cotton adhered to the fiber at a solid content of 5 wt%. . Then, it is wound around a steel core tube with an outer diameter of about 160 mm and heated and cured in a curing furnace at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to a thickness of about 20 mm. Lumber was manufactured. Subsequently, a commercially available ALGC (aluminum glass cloth) sheet is coated on the cylindrical heat insulating material with a chloroprene adhesive to produce a rock wool-based heat insulating molded body 39 as the secondary heat insulating molded body 39.
[0064]
Another example of the inorganic short fiber cylindrical heat-insulated molded body (secondary heat-insulated molded body 39) will be described (Example 5).
SiO ₂ 63wt%, Al ₂ O ₃ 3wt%, MgO3wt%, CaO7wt%, B ₂ O ₃ 5wt%, K ₂ O5wt%, Na ₂ A glass raw material comprising 12 wt% of O and a total of 2 wt% of other trace components is melted in an electric furnace at 1350 to 1400 ° C. and fiberized by a high-speed rotating body utilizing centrifugal force. Was sprayed with a binder liquid composed of colloidal silica and water-soluble phenol from a plurality of nozzles arranged around the, and uncured cotton having a solid content of 7 wt% attached to the fiber was produced. Thereafter, as in the case of the rock wool of Example 4, the core was wound around a steel core tube having an outer diameter of about 160 mm so as to have a wall thickness of about 20 mm, and was heated and cured in a curing furnace at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to remove the core. Then, a cylindrical heat insulating material cut into a connecting half-type was manufactured. Subsequently, a commercially available ALGC (aluminum glass cloth) sheet was coated on the cylindrical heat insulating material with a chloroprene adhesive to produce a glass wool-based heat insulating molded body as the secondary heat insulating molded body 39.
[0065]
Table 4 shows the performance of the heat-insulated molded articles obtained in Examples 4 and 5.
[Table 4]

[0066]
In Example 4 or 5, the thermal conductivity of the thick portion was evaluated using a heat insulating plate formed into a flat plate at the same density. Table 4 shows that the cylindrical heat-insulated molded article of the present invention has low heat resistance as compared with the primary heat-insulating material, but has excellent heat-insulating properties, mechanical strength, moisture-proofing properties and covering properties, and is inexpensive. , It can be used as an economical secondary heat-insulating molded body 39. The inorganic short fiber cylindrical heat-insulating molded bodies of Examples 4 and 5, which are the secondary heat-insulating molded bodies 39, insulate the outside of the first primary heat-insulating molded body 37.
[0067]
Next, a description will be given of a performance evaluation of an example when the following heat insulating material is used for the fuel reformer 1 (Example 6-1).
The outer diameter of the first primary heat-insulated molded body 37 is about 170 mm, the length is about 180 mm, the inner diameter of the concave portion 20 of the first primary heat-insulated molded body 37 is about 90 mm, the depth is about 130 mm, and the second The inner diameter of the secondary insulation molded body 38 is about 90 mm, the thickness is about 5 mm, the length is about 390 mm, the outer diameter of the secondary insulation molded body 39 is about 200 mm, the thickness is about 20 mm, and the length is about 640 mm. In the stainless steel fuel reformer 1 having the combustion chamber 13 (combustion temperature of 600 to 800 ° C.) and the

heat exchange units

24, 25, and 26, the first primary made of the inorganic foam 37A of the first embodiment is provided. The heat-insulating molded body 37, the second primary heat-insulating molded body 38 made of the inorganic short fiber felt 38A-2 of the embodiment 3-2, and the rock wool cylindrical secondary heat-insulating molded body 39 of the fourth embodiment are fuel modified. Inserted into the reformer 1, attached, covered, and the outer diameter of the fuel reformer 1 200mm, such that a length of about 640mm, the Heat Insulation.
[0068]
Next, as another example (Example 6-2), in the fuel reformer 1 of Example 6-1, the inorganic porous body 37B used in Example 2 was used instead of the inorganic foam 37A. Instead of the inorganic short fiber felt 38A-2 used in 3-2, the inorganic short fiber felt 38A-1 used in Example 3-1 is used for heat insulation.
[0069]
When the fuel gas generation test was performed in Examples 6-1 and 6-2, the generation efficiency was high, and the temperature of the combustion chamber was 600 to 800 ° C. The temperature was as low as ５０50 ° C., and the heat insulation and heat insulation by the heat insulating molded

bodies

37, 38, and 39 of the embodiment of the present invention showed good results.
[0070]
As described above in relation to the embodiments (1 to 6), regarding the heat insulation and heat retention of the fuel reformer 1, the inorganic foamed body 37A, the inorganic porous body 37B, A heat insulating material composed of a combination of annular inorganic short fiber felts 38A-1 and 38A-2 and a cylindrical secondary heat insulating molded body 39 is inserted into the fuel reformer 1 as the secondary heat insulating molded body 38, and attached and covered. By doing so, high-temperature adiabatic heat retention that increases the fuel gas generation efficiency becomes possible. Further, the heat-insulated molded

bodies

37, 38, and 39 of the examples (1 to 6) are based on an inexpensive material that is lightweight, has good maintainability, can be easily inserted into, attached to, and covered with the fuel reformer 1. Because of this, it is possible to achieve an effect that economical heat insulation and heat insulation are possible and practicality is excellent. Similar effects can be obtained by using the inorganic combination body 37C as the first primary heat insulating molded body 37 or using the inorganic short fiber felt 38A-3 as the second primary heat insulating molded body 38.
[0071]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the fuel processing device includes the combustion chamber, the first primary heat insulating material, and the secondary heat insulating material, the solid first primary heat insulating material having high heat insulating properties is provided. The material makes it possible to reduce the leakage of combustion heat from the combustion chamber to the outside of the device, to maintain the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber at an appropriate value, and to provide a flexible and workable cloth-like secondary heat insulating material. Thereby, the outside of the first primary heat insulating material having insufficient strength is covered and insulated, the heat insulating performance of the first primary heat insulating material is reinforced, and the first primary heat insulating material is resistant to external impact. can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a fuel reformer of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 fuel reformer
3 opening
11 Combustion material introduction section
12 burners
13 Combustion chamber
13A combustion cylinder
14 Reforming catalyst layer
15 Shift catalyst layer
16 Selective oxidation catalyst layer
17 1st primary heat insulation part
18 Second primary insulation
19 Secondary insulation
20 recess
21 Combustion exhaust gas passage
22 Source gas flow path
23 Reformed gas channel
24, 25, 26 heat exchange unit
31 Raw material inlet
32 Combustion exhaust gas
33 Source gas supply port
34 Reformed gas outlet
35 Air supply port for selective oxidation
36 Ceiling
37 First primary heat-insulated molded body
37A inorganic foam
37B inorganic porous material
37C Inorganic combination
38 Second primary heat-insulated molded body
38A inorganic short fiber felt
39 Secondary insulation molding
40 skin material
41-47 partition
D Combustion gas
E Air for combustion
F Combustion exhaust gas
G Raw material gas
H water
J fuel gas
M reformed gas

Claims

原料ガスを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスに改質する燃料処理装置において；
前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室と；
前記燃焼室を外部に対して断熱する固形の第１の１次断熱材と；
前記第１の１次断熱材の外側を覆い断熱する布状の２次断熱材とを備える：
燃料処理装置。A fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas to reform it into a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component;
A combustion chamber for generating heat used for the reforming;
A first solid thermal insulator that insulates the combustion chamber from the outside;
A cloth-like secondary heat insulator covering and insulating the outside of the first primary heat insulator.
Fuel processor.

前記第１の１次断熱材として、シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末を含んで配合した混合物を発泡させ硬化させた無機質発泡体を用い；
前記２次断熱材として無機質繊維から成形した２次断熱成形体を用いる；
請求項１に記載の燃料処理装置。An inorganic foam obtained by foaming and curing a mixture containing silica-alumina-based fine particle powder as the first primary heat insulating material;
Using a secondary heat-insulated molded article formed from inorganic fibers as the secondary heat-insulating material;
The fuel processor according to claim 1.

前記第１の１次断熱材として、シリカ系微粒子粉末を含んで配合した混合物を圧縮成形させた無機質多孔体を用い；
前記２次断熱材として無機質繊維から成形した２次断熱成形体を用いる；
請求項１に記載の燃料処理装置。As the first primary heat insulating material, an inorganic porous body obtained by compression molding a mixture containing silica-based fine particle powder is used;
Using a secondary heat-insulated molded article formed from inorganic fibers as the secondary heat-insulating material;
The fuel processor according to claim 1.

原料ガスを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスに改質する燃料処理装置において；
前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室と；
前記燃焼室を外部に対して断熱する固形の第１の１次断熱材と；
前記燃焼室と前記燃料処理装置内の他の部分との間を断熱する布状の第２の１次断熱材とを備える；
燃料処理装置。A fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas to reform it into a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component;
A combustion chamber for generating heat used for the reforming;
A first solid thermal insulator that insulates the combustion chamber from the outside;
A cloth-like second primary heat insulating material that insulates between the combustion chamber and other parts in the fuel processing device;
Fuel processor.

原料ガスを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスに改質する燃料処理装置において；
前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室と；
前記燃焼室を外部に対して断熱する固形の第１の１次断熱材とを備え；
前記第１の１次断熱材として、シリカ・アルミナ系微粒子粉末を含んで配合した混合物を発泡させ硬化させた無機質発泡体を用いる；
燃料処理装置。A fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas to reform it into a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component;
A combustion chamber for generating heat used for the reforming;
A first solid thermal insulator that insulates the combustion chamber from the outside;
An inorganic foam obtained by foaming and curing a mixture containing silica-alumina-based fine particle powder is used as the first primary heat insulating material;
Fuel processor.

原料ガスを処理して水素を主成分とする燃料ガスに改質する燃料処理装置において；
前記改質に利用する熱を発生する燃焼室と；
前記燃焼室と前記燃料処理装置内の他の部分との間を断熱する布状の第２の１次断熱材とを備え；
前記第２の１次断熱材として、無機質短繊維と加熱膨張材とを含んで配合した混合物をフェルト状に成形させた無機質短繊維フェルトを用いる；
燃料処理装置。A fuel processing apparatus for processing a raw material gas to reform it into a fuel gas containing hydrogen as a main component;
A combustion chamber for generating heat used for the reforming;
A cloth-like second primary heat insulating material that insulates between the combustion chamber and other parts in the fuel processing device;
As the second primary heat insulating material, an inorganic short fiber felt obtained by molding a mixture containing inorganic short fibers and a heat expansion material into a felt shape is used;
Fuel processor.