JP2004174334A - Method for treating polluted solid material - Google Patents

Method for treating polluted solid material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004174334A
JP2004174334A JP2002341581A JP2002341581A JP2004174334A JP 2004174334 A JP2004174334 A JP 2004174334A JP 2002341581 A JP2002341581 A JP 2002341581A JP 2002341581 A JP2002341581 A JP 2002341581A JP 2004174334 A JP2004174334 A JP 2004174334A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
contaminated
solids
solid
extraction
stirring
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JP2002341581A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hirokazu Minami
南  宏和
Yasuhiro Yoshizaki
耕大 吉崎
Norihiro Koide
典宏 小出
Takahiro Suzuki
隆弘 鈴木
Koichi Okada
公一 岡田
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Kubota Corp
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Kubota Corp
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Priority to JP2002341581A priority Critical patent/JP2004174334A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for washing a polluted solid material, capable of well washing the polluted solid material while suppressing the deterioration of a washing solvent used in the extraction of an organohalogen compound. <P>SOLUTION: In a stirring/extraction process 3, polluted soil 1 polluted with the organohalogen compound is mixed with an alcohol 4 and quicklime 5 under stirring not only to absorb moisture in the polluted soil by quick lime 5 but also to extract the organohalogen compound in the polluted soil with the alcohol 4 and the polluted soil after extraction is subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment to be separated into treated soil and a waste washing liquid 6 containing the extracted organohalogen compound. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有機ハロゲン化合物によって汚染された汚染固形物の洗浄方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ダイオキシン類、トリクロロエチレン、テトラクロロエチレン等の有機ハロゲン化合物による汚染土壌や汚泥等の固形物の汚染が問題となっている。有機ハロゲン化合物は難水溶性であることから、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染固形物の洗浄には、エタノールやメタノールといったアルコール類が使用されている。例えば、特許文献1には、焼却施設で発生したダイオキシン類を含む焼却灰をメタノールで洗浄し、抽出したダイオキシン類含有メタノール溶液に特定波長の紫外線を照射してダイオキシン類を分解する方法が開示されている。
【0003】
また、特許文献2には、ダイオキシン類を含む排水を、二塩化エタンと接触させてダイオキシン類を抽出し、ダイオキシン類を含む抽出液を高沸点成分を分離する蒸留塔に供給し、塔頂から二塩化エタンを回収し、塔底から排出されるダイオキシン類を含む廃液を回収する方法が開示されている。
【0004】
また、特許文献3には、各種の高含水産業廃棄物の含水比を低減するために、予め透水性袋の中に岩綿、生石灰、焼石膏等の単純型吸水材或は反応型吸水材を充填し、吸水材を含有する透水性袋を高含水産業廃棄物の中に入れて浸漬し、間接的に水分のみを吸水材で吸水させる方法が開示されている。
【0005】
【特許文献1】特開平4−312475号公報
【0006】
【特許文献2】特開2002−153862公報
【0007】
【特許文献3】特開2002−18500公報
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記の方法では、焼却灰中からメタノールを用いてダイオキシン類を抽出する毎に紫外線照射を行っているため、メタノールの劣化が早く進んでしまい、紫外線照射後のメタノールを抽出操作に再利用すると、結果として抽出効率の低下につながるという問題がある。
【0009】
また、汚染土壌は水分を含むために、抽出操作に使用したメタノールは水分を含み濃度が低下しており、抽出操作に再利用すると抽出効果が低くなる問題がある。
【0010】
本発明は上記問題点を解決し、有機ハロゲン化合物の抽出に利用する洗浄溶媒の劣化を抑えて汚染固形物を良好に洗浄できる有機ハロゲン化合物によって汚染された汚染固形物の洗浄方法を提供するものである。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、請求項1に係る本発明の汚染固形物の処理方法は、攪拌/抽出工程で、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染固形物を洗浄溶媒および生石灰と混合して攪拌し、汚染固形物中の水分を生石灰で吸収するとともに、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出し、固液分離して処理固形物と抽出した有機ハロゲン化合物を含む洗浄排液とに分離するものである。
【0012】
上記した構成により、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出するのに際して、汚染固形物中の水分を生石灰が吸収することで、洗浄溶媒の濃度の低下を抑制して洗浄溶媒に所定の抽出効率を発揮させることができる。
【0013】
汚染固形物に含まれた水分が少ない場合には汚染固形物に洗浄溶媒と生石灰を同時に混合して攪拌し、汚染固形物に含まれた水分が多い場合には、生石灰と水分との反応によるアルコール4の蒸発を防止するために、汚染固形物に生石灰を混合して攪拌した後に、温度が下がってから洗浄溶媒を混合して攪拌する。
【0014】
請求項2に係る本発明の汚染固形物の処理方法は、乾燥工程で水分を低減させた汚染固形物を攪拌/抽出工程へ供給し、攪拌/抽出工程で、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染固形物を洗浄溶媒と混合して攪拌し、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出し、固液分離して処理固形物と抽出した有機ハロゲン化合物を含む洗浄排液とに分離するものである。
【0015】
上記した構成により、洗浄溶媒による抽出操作に先立って汚染固形物を乾燥させることで、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出するのに際して洗浄溶媒の濃度の低下を抑制し、洗浄溶媒に所定の抽出効率を発揮させることができる。
【0016】
請求項3に係る本発明の汚染固形物の処理方法は、洗浄排液を分解処理工程へ供給し、洗浄排液中の有機ハロゲン化合物を脱ハロゲンないし分解により無害化して洗浄排液を洗浄溶媒として再生し、再生した洗浄溶媒を攪拌/抽出工程へ返送して循環利用するものである。
【0017】
上記した構成により、洗浄排液は水分をわずかに含む程度であり、有機ハロゲン化合物の無害化によって再利用が可能となる。
請求項4に係る本発明の汚染固形物の処理方法は、乾燥/溶媒回収工程で、攪拌/抽出工程から排出する処理固形物を乾燥させて処理固形物に付着した洗浄溶媒を分離し、分離した洗浄溶媒を攪拌/抽出工程へ返送して循環利用するものである。
【0018】
上記した構成により、攪拌/抽出工程から排出する処理固形物は乾燥した状態にはなく、表面および処理固形物の粒子間に残留水分、洗浄溶媒を保持している。このため、処理固形物を真空乾燥等により数%程度の含水率にまで乾燥させる。乾燥により処理固形物から分離した洗浄溶媒を攪拌/抽出工程で循環利用する。
【0019】
請求項5に係る本発明の汚染固形物の処理方法は、前工程の分別工程で、汚染固形物を任意に設定する基準粒径で分級して有機ハロゲン化合物が付着した微細粒子固形物と清浄な粗粒子固形物とに分別し、微細粒子固形物を汚染固形物として後工程の攪拌/抽出工程に導入し、粗粒子固形物を処理固形物とするものである。
【0020】
上記した構成により、有機ハロゲン化合物は比表面積が大きい微細粒子固形物に大部分が付着していることの知見がある。粒子径が微細であるほどに有機ハロゲン化合物が付着し易く、粒子径が粗大であるほどに有機ハロゲン化合物が付着し難いが、その境となる粒子径は汚染固形物の性状によって変動する。このため、分別工程における分級の基準粒径は処理対象の汚染固形物毎に予備試験等によって決定する。
【0021】
有機ハロゲン化合物が付着した微細粒子固形物と清浄(有機ハロゲン化合物がわずかで許容範囲内)な粗粒子固形物とに分別することで、攪拌/抽出工程における負荷を低減し、洗浄溶媒の使用量を低減する。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づき説明する。ここでは、有機ハロゲン化合物によって汚染された汚染固形物の洗浄溶媒による洗浄処理フローの一例として、ダイオキシン類に汚染された汚染土壌のアルコールによる洗浄処理を例に挙げて説明する。
【0023】
図1において、汚染土壌1は分別工程2に導いて任意に設定する基準粒径で分級し、有機ハロゲン化合物が付着した微細粒子固形物と清浄(有機ハロゲン化合物がわずかで許容範囲内)な粗粒子固形物とに分別する。
【0024】
有機ハロゲン化合物は比表面積が大きい微細粒子固形物に大部分が付着していることの知見がある。粒子径が微細であるほどに有機ハロゲン化合物が付着し易く、粒子径が粗大であるほどに有機ハロゲン化合物が付着し難いが、その境となる粒子径は汚染固形物の性状によって変動する。このため、分別工程における分級の基準粒径は処理対象の汚染土壌毎に予備試験等によって決定する。
【0025】
微細粒子固形物の汚染土壌は攪拌/抽出工程3に導入し、粗粒子固形物は処理土壌として系外へ排出する。分別工程2で汚染土壌1を有機ハロゲン化合物が付着した微細粒子固形物と清浄な粗粒子固形物とに分別することで、攪拌/抽出工程3における負荷が低減され、洗浄溶媒の使用量を低減できる。
【0026】
攪拌/抽出工程3では、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された微細粒子の汚染土壌1を洗浄溶媒のアルコール4と生石灰5と混合して攪拌する。この際に、汚染土壌1に含まれた水分が少ない場合には汚染土壌1にアルコール4と生石灰5を同時に混合して攪拌し、汚染土壌1に含まれた水分が多い場合には、生石灰5と水分との反応によるアルコール4の蒸発を防止するために、汚染土壌1に生石灰5を混合して攪拌した後に、温度が下がってからアルコール4を混合して攪拌する。この操作で、汚染土壌中の水分を生石灰5で吸収し、汚染土壌1に含まれた有機ハロゲン化合物をアルコール中に抽出する。生石灰5は水分を吸収して消石灰となる。
【0027】
このように、汚染土壌1の有機ハロゲン化合物をアルコール中に抽出するのに際して、汚染土壌中の水分を生石灰5が吸収することで、アルコール4の濃度の低下を抑制してアルコール4に所定の抽出効率を発揮させて洗浄効果を安定化できる。
【0028】
その後に固液分離して消石灰を含む処理土壌1と抽出した有機ハロゲン化合物を含む洗浄排液6とに分離する。この洗浄排液6は汚染土壌1の有機ハロゲン化合物およびわずかの水分と洗浄溶媒のアルコール4とを含む。
【0029】
洗浄排液6は分解処理工程7へ供給し、分解処理工程7で凝集沈殿を行って沈殿した凝集沈殿汚泥を回収するとともに、分離液に紫外線照射等を施してダイオキシン類を脱ハロゲンもしくは分解により無害化処理し、洗浄排液6を洗浄溶媒のアルコール4として再生し、再生したアルコール4を攪拌/抽出工程3へ返送して循環利用する。
【0030】
攪拌/抽出工程3から排出する消石灰を含む処理土壌は乾燥した状態にはなく、表面および処理土壌の粒子間に残留水分、洗浄溶媒を保持している。このため、乾燥/溶媒回収工程8では、攪拌/抽出工程3から排出する処理土壌を乾燥させて処理土壌に付着した洗浄排液を分離するとともに、蒸留によって洗浄排液からアルコール4を分離し、分離したアルコール4を攪拌/抽出工程3へ返送して循環利用する。
【0031】
処理土壌の乾燥は真空乾燥等により行って数%程度の含水率にまで乾燥させる。処理土壌から分離した洗浄排液は蒸留することでアルコール4を分離し、濃度の戻ったアルコール4を攪拌/抽出工程3で循環利用する。
【0032】
図2は本発明の他の実施の形態を示すものである。この実施の形態では、攪拌/抽出工程3において、汚染土壌1の有機ハロゲン化合物をアルコール4中に抽出し、有機ハロゲン化合物を含む分離溶媒と処理土壌とに固液分離する抽出操作を複数の抽出槽で行う。このため、汚染土壌1の洗浄に先立ち、汚染土壌中の有機ハロゲン化合物であるダイオキシン類濃度を、例えば、Ah−イムノアッセイ等のダイオキシン類簡易測定キットを用いて測定し、得られたダイオキシン類濃度に適した抽出操作の必要回数と攪拌/抽出工程3で稼動する抽出槽の数を設定する。ここでは、一つの抽出槽での抽出回数を3回とし、抽出槽の数を3個とする。
【0033】
図2において、分別工程2を経た微細粒子の汚染土壌1を抽出槽31a〜31cに固形物供給系32a〜32cを通して受け入れ、洗浄溶媒としてのアルコール4を洗浄溶媒供給系33a〜33c、分離溶媒供給系39a〜39cを通して受け入れ、汚染土壌1とアルコール4とを混合して汚染土壌中のダイオキシン類を抽出する抽出操作を、それぞれ3回づつ行う。生石灰5は初回次の抽出操作の前に添加して混合する。
【0034】
アルコール4は、毎回次の抽出操作に洗浄溶媒供給系33a〜33cから導入するアルコール4を用いるのではなく、抽出操作が最終回次以外の抽出槽では、抽出操作の回次数の多い抽出槽から抽出操作の回次数が1つ少ない抽出槽へ供給した分離溶媒を用い、抽出操作が最終回次の抽出槽では、新しい洗浄溶媒を用いて抽出操作を行う。
【0035】
例えば、抽出槽31aは2回次の抽出操作を終えており、抽出槽31bは1回次の抽出操作を終えており、抽出槽31cは抽出操作をまだ行っていないとすると、抽出槽31aは次の抽出操作が最終回次の抽出操作となるため、新しいアルコール4を導入して3回次の抽出操作を行う。
【0036】
3回次の抽出操作を終えた処理土壌は、乾燥/溶媒回収工程8を施して処理固形物回収系34aを通して回収し、抽出槽31aには固形物供給系32aより新たな汚染土壌1を供給する。3回次の抽出操作を終えた分離溶媒は、バルブ35aと引抜ポンプ36aとを有する分離溶媒排出系37aに引き抜き、三方バルブ38aを切り替えて分離溶媒供給系39aの側を開放として抽出操作の回次数が1つ少ない抽出槽31bに供給する。
【0037】
抽出槽31bでは、抽出槽31aから排出した分離溶媒を用いて2回次の抽出操作を行う。この抽出操作により排出した分離溶媒は、バルブ35bと引抜ポンプ36bとを有する分離溶媒排出系37bに引き抜き、三方バルブ38bを切り替えて分離溶媒供給系39bの側を開放として抽出操作の回次数が1つ少ない抽出槽31cに供給する。
【0038】
抽出槽31cでは、抽出槽31bから排出した分離溶媒を用いて1回次の抽出操作を行う。この抽出操作により排出した分離溶媒は、ダイオキシン類濃度が高いため他の抽出槽に送って抽出操作に再利用することはせずに、バルブ35cと引抜ポンプ36cとを有する分離溶媒排出系37cに引き抜き、三方バルブ38cを切り替えて分離溶媒回収系40cの側を開放として分解処理工程7へ送り、無害化したアルコール4を循環利用する。
【0039】
分解処理工程7では、凝集沈殿を行って沈殿した凝集沈殿汚泥を回収するとともに、分離液に紫外線照射等を施してダイオキシン類を脱ハロゲンもしくは分解により無害化処理する。
【0040】
上述した抽出操作を各抽出槽で行い、損失したアルコール4は随時補充する。上述において説明しなかった図中の符号、34cは処理固形物回収系、39cは分離溶媒供給系、40a,40bは分離溶媒回収系である。
【0041】
このように汚染土壌1の汚染程度に応じて抽出回数や抽出槽の稼働率を適宜設定し、抽出操作の回次数の多い抽出槽から抽出操作の回次数が1つ少ない抽出槽へと供給したアルコール4を用いるとともに、抽出操作が最終回次の抽出槽へは新しいアルコール4を供給して抽出操作を行うことで、効率的な多段抽出が可能となり、ランニングコストの低下が図れる。
【0042】
また、複数の抽出槽31a〜31cの間でアルコール4を循環させて複数回の抽出操作を行った後にアルコール4を分解処理工程7に送って無害化することで、汚染土壌1の汚染濃度にばらつきがあっても分解処理工程7に供給する洗浄排液中のダイオキシン類濃度をほぼ均一にすることができ、分解処理工程7における負荷の均一化が図れる。
【0043】
また、複数回の抽出操作を行うことでアルコール4を最大限に利用できる。例えば、上記工程において、エタノールを使用する場合には、汚染土壌1から1回の抽出操作で90%以上のダイオキシン類を抽出でき、抽出操作を繰り返すことにより、99.9%のダイオキシン類を抽出できる。さらに、各抽出槽で抽出操作を行う毎に分解処理工程7を行わなくて良いため、分解処理工程7を行う施設のコンパクト化が図れる。
【0044】
上述した実施の形態では水分吸収に生石灰5を使用したが、汚染土壌1の水分の低減は、図3もしくは図4に示すように、分別工程2と攪拌/抽出工程3の間に乾燥工程11を施すことでも実現できる。この場合は、分別工程2を経た微細粒子固形物の汚染土壌1を乾燥工程11で乾燥させ、水分を低減させた汚染土壌1を攪拌/抽出工程3へ供給する。
【0045】
このように、アルコール4による抽出操作に先立って汚染土壌1を乾燥させることで、汚染土壌1の有機ハロゲン化合物をアルコール4で抽出する際にアルコール4の濃度の低下を抑制し、アルコール4に所定の抽出効率を発揮させることができる。他の作用効果は先の実施の形態と同様であり、説明を省略する。
【0046】
なお、上述した実施の形態では、ダイオキシン類の汚染土壌1をアルコール4で洗浄する例を挙げて説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、ダイオキシン類以外の有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染固形物についても適用でき、洗浄溶媒もアルコール類に限定されるものではない。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出するのに際して、汚染固形物中の水分を生石灰が吸収することで、洗浄溶媒の濃度の低下を抑制して洗浄溶媒に所定の抽出効率を発揮させることができる。洗浄溶媒による抽出操作に先立って汚染固形物を乾燥させることで、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出するのに際して洗浄溶媒の濃度の低下を抑制し、洗浄溶媒に所定の抽出効率を発揮させることができる。乾燥により処理固形物から洗浄溶媒を分離し、分離した洗浄溶媒を攪拌/抽出工程で循環利用できる。有機ハロゲン化合物が付着した微細粒子固形物と清浄な粗粒子固形物とに分別することで、攪拌/抽出工程における負荷を低減し、洗浄溶媒の使用量を低減できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態における汚染固形物の洗浄方法を説明する模式図である。
【図2】本発明の他の実施の形態における汚染固形物の洗浄方法を説明する模式図である。
【図3】本発明の他の実施の形態における汚染固形物の洗浄方法を説明する模式図である。
【図4】本発明の他の実施の形態における汚染固形物の洗浄方法を説明する模式図である。
【符号の説明】
1 汚染土壌
2 分別工程
3 攪拌/抽出工程
4 アルコール
5 生石灰
6 洗浄排液
7 分解処理工程
8 乾燥/溶媒回収工程
11 乾燥工程
31a〜31c 抽出槽
32a〜32c 固形物供給系
33a〜33c 洗浄溶媒供給系
34a〜34c 処理固形物回収系
35a〜35c バルブ
36a〜36c 引抜ポンプ
37a〜37c 分離溶媒排出系
38a〜38c 三方バルブ
39a〜39c 分離溶媒供給系
40a〜40c 分離溶媒回収系
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for cleaning contaminated solids contaminated by an organic halogen compound.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Pollution of solids such as contaminated soil and sludge by organic halogen compounds such as dioxins, trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene has become a problem. Since organic halogen compounds are poorly water-soluble, alcohols such as ethanol and methanol are used for washing contaminated solids contaminated by the organic halogen compounds. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which incineration ash containing dioxins generated in an incineration facility is washed with methanol, and the extracted dioxin-containing methanol solution is irradiated with ultraviolet light of a specific wavelength to decompose dioxins. ing.
[0003]
Further, in Patent Document 2, wastewater containing dioxins is brought into contact with ethane dichloride to extract dioxins, and an extract containing dioxins is supplied to a distillation column for separating high-boiling components. A method of recovering ethane dichloride and recovering a waste liquid containing dioxins discharged from the bottom of the column is disclosed.
[0004]
In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses that in order to reduce the water content of various highly water-containing industrial wastes, a simple water-absorbing material such as rock wool, quick lime, plaster of Paris, or a reactive water-absorbing material is previously placed in a water-permeable bag. A method is disclosed in which a water-permeable bag containing a water-absorbing material is filled and immersed in high-water-containing industrial waste, and only water is indirectly absorbed by the water-absorbing material.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-31475
[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-153882
[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-18500
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above method, since ultraviolet irradiation is performed every time dioxins are extracted from the incinerated ash using methanol, deterioration of methanol proceeds quickly, and methanol after ultraviolet irradiation is reused in the extraction operation. As a result, there is a problem that the extraction efficiency is reduced.
[0009]
In addition, since the contaminated soil contains water, the methanol used in the extraction operation contains water and has a reduced concentration, and there is a problem that the effect of extraction is reduced when reused in the extraction operation.
[0010]
The present invention solves the above problems and provides a method for cleaning contaminated solids contaminated with an organic halogen compound, which can suppress the deterioration of a cleaning solvent used for extraction of an organic halogen compound and can clean contaminated solids well. It is.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for treating contaminated solids according to the present invention according to claim 1 is a method of mixing contaminated solids contaminated with an organic halogen compound with a washing solvent and quick lime in a stirring / extraction step. Then, while absorbing the moisture in the contaminated solids with quicklime, the organic halogen compounds in the contaminated solids are extracted into the washing solvent, and solid-liquid separation is performed to wash and drain the treated solids and the extracted organic halogen compounds. And is separated into
[0012]
With the configuration described above, when extracting the organic halogen compound in the contaminated solid into the cleaning solvent, the quicklime absorbs the water in the contaminated solid, thereby suppressing a decrease in the concentration of the cleaning solvent to the cleaning solvent. A predetermined extraction efficiency can be exhibited.
[0013]
When the water contained in the contaminated solid is low, the washing solvent and the quick lime are mixed and stirred simultaneously with the contaminated solid, and when the water contained in the contaminated solid is high, the reaction between the quick lime and the water is performed. In order to prevent evaporation of the alcohol 4, the contaminated solid matter is mixed with quick lime and stirred, and then, after the temperature is lowered, a washing solvent is mixed and stirred.
[0014]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating contaminated solids, the method comprising: supplying contaminated solids having reduced moisture in a drying step to a stirring / extracting step; The solid matter is mixed with the washing solvent and stirred, and the organic halogen compound in the contaminated solid matter is extracted into the washing solvent, separated into solid and liquid to separate the treated solid matter and the washing wastewater containing the extracted organic halogen compound. Is what you do.
[0015]
With the above-described configuration, by drying the contaminated solid matter prior to the extraction operation with the washing solvent, a reduction in the concentration of the washing solvent is suppressed when the organic halogen compound in the contaminated solid matter is extracted into the washing solvent, and the washing is performed. A predetermined extraction efficiency can be exhibited by the solvent.
[0016]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating contaminated solids, comprising supplying a cleaning effluent to a decomposition treatment step, detoxifying or removing organic halogen compounds in the cleaning effluent by dehalogenating or decomposing the cleaning effluent to a cleaning solvent. The regenerated washing solvent is returned to the stirring / extraction step for recycling.
[0017]
With the above configuration, the cleaning wastewater contains only a small amount of water, and can be reused by detoxifying the organic halogen compound.
In the method for treating a contaminated solid according to the present invention according to claim 4, in the drying / solvent recovery step, the treated solid discharged from the stirring / extraction step is dried to separate the washing solvent attached to the treated solid, The washing solvent thus obtained is returned to the stirring / extraction step to be recycled.
[0018]
With the above configuration, the treated solid discharged from the stirring / extraction step is not in a dry state, but retains residual moisture and a washing solvent between the surface and the particles of the treated solid. Therefore, the treated solid is dried to a moisture content of about several percent by vacuum drying or the like. The washing solvent separated from the treated solid by drying is recycled in the stirring / extraction step.
[0019]
In the method for treating a contaminated solid according to the present invention according to claim 5, in the separation step of the preceding step, the contaminated solid is classified with a reference particle size arbitrarily set and the fine solid having the organic halogen compound attached thereto is cleaned. The coarse solid particles are separated into fine solid particles, and the fine solid particles are introduced as contaminated solids into the subsequent agitation / extraction step, so that the coarse solid particles are treated solids.
[0020]
According to the above-described configuration, there is a knowledge that most of the organic halogen compound is attached to fine solid particles having a large specific surface area. The smaller the particle size, the more easily the organic halogen compound adheres, and the larger the particle size, the more difficult it is for the organic halogen compound to adhere. However, the boundary particle size varies depending on the properties of the contaminated solid. For this reason, the standard particle size for classification in the separation step is determined by a preliminary test or the like for each contaminated solid to be treated.
[0021]
Separation into fine-grained solids to which organic halogen compounds are attached and clean coarse-grained solids (organic halogen compounds are slight and within an allowable range) reduces the load in the stirring / extraction process and reduces the amount of washing solvent used. To reduce.
[0022]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, as an example of a flow of a cleaning process using a cleaning solvent for a contaminated solid material contaminated with an organic halogen compound, a cleaning process using alcohol for contaminated soil contaminated with dioxins will be described as an example.
[0023]
In FIG. 1, the contaminated soil 1 is classified into a reference particle size arbitrarily set by leading to a separation step 2, and a fine particle solid to which an organic halogen compound is adhered and a clean coarse (a small amount of the organic halogen compound is within an allowable range). Separate from particulate solids.
[0024]
It has been found that most of organic halogen compounds are attached to solid fine particles having a large specific surface area. The smaller the particle size, the more easily the organic halogen compound adheres, and the larger the particle size, the more difficult it is for the organic halogen compound to adhere. However, the boundary particle size varies depending on the properties of the contaminated solid. For this reason, the standard particle size for classification in the classification step is determined by a preliminary test or the like for each contaminated soil to be treated.
[0025]
The soil contaminated with fine solid particles is introduced into the stirring / extraction step 3, and the solid solid particles are discharged out of the system as treated soil. By separating the contaminated soil 1 into fine solid particles to which organic halogen compounds are attached and clean coarse solid particles in the separation step 2, the load in the stirring / extraction step 3 is reduced, and the amount of washing solvent used is reduced. it can.
[0026]
In the stirring / extraction step 3, the contaminated soil 1 of fine particles contaminated with the organic halogen compound is mixed with the alcohol 4 and the quicklime 5 as the washing solvent and stirred. At this time, when the water contained in the contaminated soil 1 is small, the alcohol 4 and the quicklime 5 are simultaneously mixed and stirred in the contaminated soil 1, and when the water contained in the contaminated soil 1 is high, the quicklime 5 In order to prevent evaporation of the alcohol 4 due to the reaction between water and water, the quicklime 5 is mixed with the contaminated soil 1 and stirred, and then, after the temperature is lowered, the alcohol 4 is mixed and stirred. With this operation, the moisture in the contaminated soil is absorbed by the quicklime 5, and the organic halogen compound contained in the contaminated soil 1 is extracted into the alcohol. Quicklime 5 absorbs water and becomes slaked lime.
[0027]
As described above, when extracting the organic halogen compound of the contaminated soil 1 into the alcohol, the quicklime 5 absorbs the water in the contaminated soil, thereby suppressing a decrease in the concentration of the alcohol 4 and extracting the alcohol 4 into the alcohol 4 in a predetermined manner. The cleaning effect can be stabilized by exhibiting efficiency.
[0028]
Thereafter, solid-liquid separation is performed to separate the treated soil 1 containing slaked lime and the washing wastewater 6 containing the extracted organic halogen compound. The cleaning effluent 6 contains the organic halogen compound and a small amount of water from the contaminated soil 1 and the alcohol 4 as the cleaning solvent.
[0029]
The washing effluent 6 is supplied to a decomposition treatment step 7, which is subjected to coagulation sedimentation in the decomposition treatment step 7 to collect the sedimented sediment sludge, and the separated liquid is irradiated with ultraviolet light or the like to remove dioxins by halogenation or decomposition. After detoxification, the washing waste liquid 6 is regenerated as alcohol 4 as a washing solvent, and the regenerated alcohol 4 is returned to the stirring / extraction step 3 for circulating use.
[0030]
The treated soil containing slaked lime discharged from the stirring / extraction step 3 is not in a dry state, and retains residual moisture and a washing solvent between the surface and the particles of the treated soil. Therefore, in the drying / solvent recovery step 8, the treated soil discharged from the stirring / extracting step 3 is dried to separate the washing wastewater attached to the treated soil, and the alcohol 4 is separated from the washing wastewater by distillation. The separated alcohol 4 is returned to the stirring / extraction step 3 and recycled.
[0031]
The treated soil is dried by vacuum drying or the like to a moisture content of about several percent. The washing wastewater separated from the treated soil is distilled to separate the alcohol 4 and the recovered alcohol 4 is recycled in the stirring / extraction step 3.
[0032]
FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, in the stirring / extraction step 3, an organic halogen compound of the contaminated soil 1 is extracted into the alcohol 4, and an extraction operation of solid-liquid separation into a separation solvent containing the organic halogen compound and the treated soil is performed by a plurality of extraction operations. Perform in a tank. For this reason, prior to washing the contaminated soil 1, the concentration of dioxins, which is an organic halogen compound, in the contaminated soil is measured using, for example, a dioxin simple measurement kit such as an Ah-immunoassay, and the obtained dioxin concentration is measured. The necessary number of suitable extraction operations and the number of extraction tanks operated in the stirring / extraction step 3 are set. Here, the number of extractions in one extraction tank is three, and the number of extraction tanks is three.
[0033]
In FIG. 2, the contaminated soil 1 of fine particles that has passed through the separation step 2 is received in the extraction tanks 31a to 31c through the solid substance supply systems 32a to 32c, and the alcohol 4 as a cleaning solvent is supplied to the cleaning solvent supply systems 33a to 33c and the separation solvent supply. The extraction operation for receiving dioxins in the contaminated soil by mixing the contaminated soil 1 and the alcohol 4 with each other through the systems 39a to 39c is performed three times. The quicklime 5 is added and mixed before the first extraction operation.
[0034]
Instead of using the alcohol 4 introduced from the washing solvent supply systems 33a to 33c for the next extraction operation each time, the extraction operation is performed in an extraction tank other than the final extraction operation, from the extraction tank having a large number of extraction operations. An extraction operation is performed using the separation solvent supplied to the extraction tank having one less number of times of the extraction operation, and an extraction operation using a new washing solvent is performed in the extraction tank of the last time of the extraction operation.
[0035]
For example, assuming that the extraction tank 31a has completed the second extraction operation, the extraction tank 31b has completed the first extraction operation, and the extraction tank 31c has not yet performed the extraction operation. Since the next extraction operation is the final extraction operation, new alcohol 4 is introduced and the third extraction operation is performed.
[0036]
The treated soil that has been subjected to the third extraction operation is subjected to a drying / solvent recovery step 8 and recovered through the treated solids recovery system 34a, and new contaminated soil 1 is supplied to the extraction tank 31a from the solids supply system 32a. I do. After the third extraction operation is completed, the separated solvent is drawn out to a separated solvent discharge system 37a having a valve 35a and a drawing pump 36a, and the three-way valve 38a is switched to open the separated solvent supply system 39a side to perform the extraction operation. It is supplied to the extraction tank 31b whose order is smaller by one.
[0037]
In the extraction tank 31b, a second extraction operation is performed using the separated solvent discharged from the extraction tank 31a. The separation solvent discharged by this extraction operation is drawn out to a separation solvent discharge system 37b having a valve 35b and a drawing pump 36b, and the three-way valve 38b is switched to open the separation solvent supply system 39b side so that the number of times of the extraction operation is 1 It is supplied to the extraction tank 31c, which is the smallest.
[0038]
In the extraction tank 31c, the next extraction operation is performed using the separated solvent discharged from the extraction tank 31b. The separated solvent discharged by this extraction operation is not sent to another extraction tank and reused in the extraction operation due to the high concentration of dioxins, and is sent to a separation solvent discharge system 37c having a valve 35c and a drawing pump 36c. Withdrawing, the three-way valve 38c is switched to open the side of the separation solvent recovery system 40c and sent to the decomposition treatment step 7, and the detoxified alcohol 4 is recycled.
[0039]
In the decomposition treatment step 7, the coagulated sediment is collected to collect the coagulated sediment sludge, and the separated liquid is irradiated with ultraviolet light or the like to dehalogenate the dioxins by dehalogenation or decomposition.
[0040]
The above extraction operation is performed in each extraction tank, and the lost alcohol 4 is replenished as needed. Reference numerals 34c in the figures not described above denote a treated solid recovery system, 39c denotes a separation solvent supply system, and 40a and 40b denote separation solvent recovery systems.
[0041]
In this way, the number of extractions and the operation rate of the extraction tank are appropriately set according to the degree of contamination of the contaminated soil 1, and the extraction operation is performed from an extraction tank having a large number of extraction operations to an extraction tank having one less number of extraction operations. By using the alcohol 4 and supplying the new alcohol 4 to the extraction tank at the end of the last extraction operation to perform the extraction operation, efficient multi-stage extraction becomes possible and the running cost can be reduced.
[0042]
Further, by circulating the alcohol 4 between the plurality of extraction tanks 31a to 31c and performing a plurality of extraction operations, the alcohol 4 is sent to the decomposition treatment step 7 to make it harmless, thereby reducing the contamination concentration of the contaminated soil 1. Even if there is variation, the concentration of dioxins in the cleaning wastewater supplied to the decomposition processing step 7 can be made substantially uniform, and the load in the decomposition processing step 7 can be made uniform.
[0043]
Also, by performing the extraction operation a plurality of times, the alcohol 4 can be used to the maximum. For example, in the above process, when ethanol is used, 90% or more of dioxins can be extracted from the contaminated soil 1 by one extraction operation, and 99.9% of dioxins are extracted by repeating the extraction operation. it can. Further, the decomposition processing step 7 does not have to be performed every time the extraction operation is performed in each extraction tank, so that the facility for performing the decomposition processing step 7 can be made compact.
[0044]
In the above-described embodiment, quicklime 5 is used for water absorption. However, as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, the drying step 11 is performed between the separation step 2 and the stirring / extraction step 3 as shown in FIG. Can also be realized. In this case, the contaminated soil 1 of the fine particle solids after the separation step 2 is dried in the drying step 11, and the contaminated soil 1 with reduced water is supplied to the stirring / extraction step 3.
[0045]
As described above, by drying the contaminated soil 1 prior to the extraction operation with the alcohol 4, a decrease in the concentration of the alcohol 4 is suppressed when the organic halogen compound of the contaminated soil 1 is extracted with the alcohol 4. Extraction efficiency can be exhibited. Other functions and effects are the same as those of the previous embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
[0046]
In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the dioxin-contaminated soil 1 is washed with the alcohol 4 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the dioxin-contaminated organic halogen compound other than dioxin is contaminated. The method can be applied to the contaminated solid matter, and the washing solvent is not limited to alcohols.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when extracting the organic halogen compound in the contaminated solid into the cleaning solvent, the quicklime absorbs the water in the contaminated solid to suppress a decrease in the concentration of the cleaning solvent. Thus, a predetermined extraction efficiency can be exhibited in the washing solvent. By drying the contaminated solid matter prior to the extraction operation with the washing solvent, a reduction in the concentration of the washing solvent when extracting the organic halogen compound in the contaminated solid matter into the washing solvent is suppressed, and a predetermined extraction into the washing solvent is performed. Efficiency can be demonstrated. The washing solvent is separated from the treated solid by drying, and the separated washing solvent can be recycled in the stirring / extraction step. By separating into fine solid particles and fine coarse solid particles to which the organic halogen compound adheres, the load in the stirring / extraction step can be reduced, and the amount of the washing solvent used can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for cleaning contaminated solids according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for cleaning contaminated solids according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for cleaning contaminated solids according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for cleaning contaminated solids according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Contaminated soil 2 Separation process 3 Stirring / extraction process 4 Alcohol 5 Quicklime 6 Washing drainage 7 Decomposition process 8 Drying / solvent recovery process 11 Drying processes 31a to 31c Extraction tanks 32a to 32c Solids supply systems 33a to 33c Cleaning solvent supply Systems 34a to 34c Processed solids recovery systems 35a to 35c Valves 36a to 36c Extraction pumps 37a to 37c Separation solvent discharge systems 38a to 38c Three-way valves 39a to 39c Separation solvent supply systems 40a to 40c Separation solvent recovery systems

Claims (5)

攪拌/抽出工程で、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染固形物を洗浄溶媒および生石灰と混合して攪拌し、汚染固形物中の水分を生石灰で吸収するとともに、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出し、固液分離して処理固形物と抽出した有機ハロゲン化合物を含む洗浄排液とに分離することを特徴とする汚染固形物の処理方法。In the stirring / extraction step, the contaminated solids contaminated with the organic halogen compound are mixed with the washing solvent and quick lime and agitated to absorb the moisture in the contaminated solid with the quick lime and to remove the organic halogen compound in the contaminated solid. A method for treating contaminated solids, comprising extracting into a washing solvent, separating the treated solids by solid-liquid separation, and separating the treated solids from the washed wastewater containing the extracted organic halogen compound. 乾燥工程で水分を低減させた汚染固形物を攪拌/抽出工程へ供給し、攪拌/抽出工程で、有機ハロゲン化合物に汚染された汚染固形物を洗浄溶媒と混合して攪拌し、汚染固形物中の有機ハロゲン化合物を洗浄溶媒中に抽出し、固液分離して処理固形物と抽出した有機ハロゲン化合物を含む洗浄排液とに分離することを特徴とする汚染固形物の処理方法。The contaminated solid whose moisture has been reduced in the drying step is supplied to the stirring / extraction step, and in the stirring / extraction step, the contaminated solid contaminated with the organic halogen compound is mixed with the washing solvent and stirred, and the contaminated solid is removed. A method for treating contaminated solids, comprising extracting the organic halogenated compound in a washing solvent, separating the treated solids into solids and liquids, and separating the treated solids from the washed wastewater containing the extracted organic halogenated compounds. 洗浄排液を分解処理工程へ供給し、洗浄排液中の有機ハロゲン化合物を脱ハロゲンないし分解により無害化して洗浄排液を洗浄溶媒として再生し、再生した洗浄溶媒を攪拌/抽出工程へ返送して循環利用することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の汚染固形物の処理方法。The washing effluent is supplied to the decomposition treatment step, and the organic halogen compound in the washing effluent is detoxified or detoxified by dehalogenation, the washing effluent is regenerated as a washing solvent, and the regenerated washing solvent is returned to the stirring / extraction step. The method for treating contaminated solid matter according to claim 1, wherein the contaminated solid matter is recycled. 乾燥/溶媒回収工程で、攪拌/抽出工程から排出する処理固形物を乾燥させて処理固形物に付着した洗浄溶媒を分離し、分離した洗浄溶媒を攪拌/抽出工程へ返送して循環利用することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の汚染固形物の処理方法。In the drying / solvent recovery step, the treated solid discharged from the stirring / extracting step is dried to separate the washing solvent adhered to the treated solid, and the separated washing solvent is returned to the stirring / extracting step and recycled. The method for treating contaminated solid matter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 前工程の分別工程で、汚染固形物を任意に設定する基準粒径で分級して有機ハロゲン化合物が付着した微細粒子固形物と清浄な粗粒子固形物とに分別し、微細粒子固形物を汚染固形物として後工程の攪拌/抽出工程に導入し、粗粒子固形物を処理固形物とすることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の汚染固形物の処理方法。In the pre-separation step, the contaminated solids are classified based on a standard particle size set arbitrarily, and separated into fine solid particles to which organic halogen compounds are attached and clean coarse solid particles to contaminate the fine solid particles. The method for treating contaminated solids according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solids are introduced into a stirring / extraction step in a subsequent step, and the coarse solids are treated solids.
JP2002341581A 2002-11-26 2002-11-26 Method for treating polluted solid material Withdrawn JP2004174334A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007229601A (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-13 Kubota Corp Cleaning method of viscous soil contaminated with volatile chlorine based organic compound
JP2011098332A (en) * 2009-10-06 2011-05-19 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd Method for decontaminating dioxins-contaminated soil and method for decomposing dioxin in the soil
CN111604369A (en) * 2019-02-25 2020-09-01 台境企业股份有限公司 Saline-alkali soil purification system and purification method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007229601A (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-13 Kubota Corp Cleaning method of viscous soil contaminated with volatile chlorine based organic compound
JP2011098332A (en) * 2009-10-06 2011-05-19 Takasago Thermal Eng Co Ltd Method for decontaminating dioxins-contaminated soil and method for decomposing dioxin in the soil
CN111604369A (en) * 2019-02-25 2020-09-01 台境企业股份有限公司 Saline-alkali soil purification system and purification method thereof

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