JP2004151333A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2004151333A
JP2004151333A JP2002315962A JP2002315962A JP2004151333A JP 2004151333 A JP2004151333 A JP 2004151333A JP 2002315962 A JP2002315962 A JP 2002315962A JP 2002315962 A JP2002315962 A JP 2002315962A JP 2004151333 A JP2004151333 A JP 2004151333A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
axis
crystal display
plate
phase difference
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002315962A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yuji Hayata
祐二 早田
Yukiko Goto
由紀子 後藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kyocera Display Corp
Original Assignee
Kyocera Display Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kyocera Display Corp filed Critical Kyocera Display Corp
Priority to JP2002315962A priority Critical patent/JP2004151333A/en
Publication of JP2004151333A publication Critical patent/JP2004151333A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal display device which is bright and provides an excellent contrast ratio both in reflective and transmissive display, is excellent in the balance of visibility both in the reflective and transmissive display and in particular has a viewing angle widened in the up and down directions. <P>SOLUTION: Using an alignment axis of an alignment layer disposed on the viewer's side of a liquid crystal display panel 1 as the reference, representing axial angles of an axis of polarization of a first polarizing plate 2 and of stretch axes of first and second retardation plates 3 and 4 by θ1, θ2 and θ3 respectively, each of the angle being anticlockwise when observed from the viewer's side, and representing retardation values of the first and second retardation plates 3 and 4 by ΔnF1.dF1 and ΔnF2.dF2 respectively, θ1, θ2 and θ3 are set to be 120-150°, 100-130° and 75-105°and ΔnF1.dF1 and ΔnF2.dF2 are set to be 520-600 nm and 130-150 nm respectively. Representing refractive indexes of each of the retardation plates 3 and 4 in directions of the stretch axes, in directions vertical to the stretch axes and in thickness directions by nx, ny and nz respectively, equation (nx-nz)/(nx-ny) = 0.3-0.7 holds for the first retardation plate 3 and a relation (nx-nz)/(nx-ny) ≈ 1 holds for the second retardation plate 4 respectively. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は液晶表示装置に係り、特に、半透過反射型の液晶表示装置であって、反射表示時、透過表示時の双方において、良好なコントラストを示すことのできる液晶表示装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、外光を利用して表示を行なう反射領域とバックライトユニットからの照射光を利用して表示を行なう透過領域との双方を有する構成の半透過反射型の液晶表示装置は、携帯電話やPDA等の表示装置として広く利用されている。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−107727号公報
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記半透過反射型の液晶表示装置においては、前記反射領域をもって表示を行なう反射表示時および透過領域をもって表示を行う透過表示時の時の双方において、明るく、良好なコントラスト比を得て、しかも、反射表示時と透過表示時の視認性のバランスを良くすることが要求されていた。
【0005】
また、前述のように、携帯電話やPDA等の表示装置として用いられる場合、その画面サイズが大きくなる(一般に、上下方向に表示画面のサイズを大きく確保する傾向がある)に従って広角視野化が要求されていた。
【0006】
そこで、本発明はこのような点に鑑み、反射表示時および透過表示時の双方において、明るく、良好なコントラスト比が得られ、反射表示時と透過表示時の視認性のバランスも良く、また、特に、上下方向の広角視野化を図ることのできる液晶表示装置を提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前述した目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置の特徴は、視認側から、第1偏光板、第1位相差板、第2位相差板、液晶表示パネル、および円偏光光源を順に配置させてなり、前記液晶表示パネルは、配向膜がそれぞれ配設された2枚の透明基板間に、230°〜250°のツイスト角で、位相差値(ΔnLC・dLC)を800〜920nmに設定された液晶層を有し、前記液晶層の反視認側には半透過反射層が配置されている液晶表示装置において、前記液晶表示パネルの視認側に配置された配向膜の配向軸を基準とした際に視認側から観察して反時計回りの、前記第1偏光板の偏光軸の軸角をθ1、第1位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ2、第2位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ3とし、前記第1位相差板の位相差値をΔnF1・dF1、前記第2位相差板の位相差値をΔnF2・dF2とする場合の、前記θ1が120〜150°、前記θ2が100〜130°、前記θ3が75〜105°、前記ΔnF1・dF1が520〜600nm、前記ΔnF2・dF2が130〜150nmとされており、前記各位相差板の延伸軸方向の屈折率をnx、延伸軸と直行する方向の屈折率をny、厚み方向の屈折率をnzとした場合の、前記第1位相差板が(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=0.3〜0.7、前記第2位相差板が(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)≒1とされている点にある。
【0008】
また、本発明の請求項2に記載の液晶表示装置の特徴は、請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置の前記円偏光光源が、視認側から順に配置された第3位相差板、第4位相差板、第2偏光板およびバックライトからなり、前記液晶表示パネルの反視認側に配置された配向膜の配向軸を基準とした際に視認側から観察して反時計回りとなる、前記第3位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ4、第4位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ5、第2偏光板の偏光軸の軸角をθ6とし、前記第3位相差板の位相差値をΔnF3・dF3、前記第4位相差板の位相差値をΔnF4・dF4とする場合の、前記θ4が30〜60°、前記θ5が150〜180°、前記θ6が50〜80°、前記ΔnF3・dF3が130〜150nm、前記ΔnF4・dF4が265〜285nmとされており、前記各位相差板の延伸軸方向の屈折率をnx、延伸軸と直行する方向の屈折率をny、厚み方向の屈折率をnzとした場合の、前記第3位相差板および第4位相差板がそれぞれ、(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)≒1とされている点にある。
【0009】
このような構成を採用することにより、反射表示時及び透過表示時において明るく、良好なコントラスト比が得られ、反射表示時の視認性と透過表示時の視認性のよいものとなり、さらに、広視野角が得られるものとなる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1には、本発明の実施形態としての半透過反射型の液晶表示装置の積層構成を示す。
【0011】
本実施形態の半透過反射型の液晶表示装置は液晶表示パネル1を有しており、その液晶表示パネル1の上方(視認側)には、視認側から順に、偏光板(第1偏光板2)と、2枚の位相差板(視認側から、第1位相差板3、第2位相差板4とする)、および拡散層5が配置されており、前記液晶表示パネル1の下面(反視認側)には、円偏光光源6が配置されている。
【0012】
ここで、前記液晶表示パネル1は、間隔を隔ててほぼ平行に配置された2枚のガラスのような材質からなる透明基板(図示せず)を有しており、これらの両透明基板の外周は周辺シール材(図示せず)により密閉されている。
【0013】
このうち、上方に位置する一方の透明基板の下方には、透明共通電極(図示せず)が密着するように配設されており、また、この透明共通電極の下方には、電極間に印加される電圧に応じて液晶分子の配向を制御する配向膜(図示せず)が密着するように配設されている。
【0014】
一方、下方に位置する他方の透明基板の上方には半透過反射膜7が配設されている。この半透過反射膜7は、例えばハーフミラー層や完全反射膜に部分的な開口部を設けた孔あけミラー層に形成されており、Al、Al合金、Ag合金などの金属薄膜を有し、前記金属薄膜に屈折率の大きなTiO及び屈折率の小さなSiOなどの薄膜を積層し、これら各膜の厚みを調整して、透過率や色が調整されている。なお、この半透過反射膜7の前記透過率は10〜60%が好ましい。
【0015】
さらに、前記半透過反射層の上方にはカラーフィルタ層(図示せず)が配設されており、このカラーフィルタ層の上方には、透明セグメント電極(図示せず)が配設され、その上方に配向膜(図示せず)が密着するように配設されている。
【0016】
そして、前記両透明基板は各配向膜を対向させて貼り合わされており、当該両透明基板と前記周辺シール材により囲繞された密閉空間部には、ツイスト角が230°〜250°、その位相差値(ΔnLC・dLC)が、800〜920nm、好ましくは820〜900nmに設定された液晶が封入され、液晶層15とされている。
【0017】
なお、前記液晶表示パネル1の内部(例えば、下方に位置する前記透明基板と前記半透過反射膜7との間等)に微細な凹凸形状を表面に有する内部拡散層を配置する構成としてもよい。例えば、前記内部拡散層の微細な凹凸は、前記透明基板を構成するガラス基板をケミカルエッチングしたり、感光性樹脂の表面をフォトリソ法で粗面化する等の方法により得ることができる。
【0018】
ここで、偏光板は光の振動方向を規制するためのものであり、位相差板は光が液晶層を通過するときに生じる干渉色を補償するためのものである。位相差板としては、例えば、ポリカーボネートなどの透明フィルムを延伸して形成したものを用いることができる。
【0019】
そして、本実施形態において、前記拡散層5は、前記第2位相差板4を前記液晶表示パネル1の上面に貼付する機能をも有していることが望ましい。例えば、粘着剤を使用して前記貼付する機能を付与する場合は、前記粘着剤中にその屈折率とは異なるものを分散させるとよい。また、前記拡散層5のヘイズ値は、30〜82%が好ましく、液晶表示パネル1の内部に反射指向性を制御した内部拡散層が配置されていない場合には前記拡散層5のヘイズ値は60〜82%、前記内部拡散層が配置されている場合には前記拡散層5のヘイズ値は30〜60%が好ましい。
【0020】
また、本実施形態において、前記円偏光光源6は、視認側から順に、2枚の位相差板(視認側から、第3位相差板8、第4位相差板9とする)、偏光板(第2偏光板10)およびバックライト11が配置されており、バックライト11の直線偏光を前記第2偏光板10において円偏光に変換し、その円偏光を、透過表示時の光源として前記液晶表示パネル1を透過させ得るように構成されている。
【0021】
そして、本実施形態の液晶表示素子は、図2および図3に示すように、前記液晶表示パネル1の視認側に配置された配向膜の配向軸を基準とした際に視認側から観察して反時計回りの、前記第1偏光板2の偏光軸の軸角をθ1、第1位相差板3の延伸軸の軸角をθ2、第2位相差板4の延伸軸の軸角をθ3とし、前記液晶表示パネル1の反視認側に配置された配向膜の配向軸を基準とした際に反時計回りの、前記第3位相差板8の延伸軸の軸角をθ4、第4位相差板9の延伸軸の軸角をθ5、第2偏光板10の偏光軸の軸角をθ6とし、前記第1位相差板3の位相差値をΔnF1・dF1、前記第2位相差板4の位相差値をΔnF2・dF2、前記第3位相差板8の位相差値をΔnF3・dF3、前記第4位相差板9の位相差値をΔnF4・dF4とする場合の、前記θ1は120〜150°、前記θ2は100〜130°、前記θ3は75〜105°、前記θ4は30〜60°、前記θ5は150〜180°、前記θ6は50〜80°であり、前記ΔnF1・dF1は520〜600nm、好ましくは、530〜590nm、前記ΔnF2・dF2は130〜150nm、前記ΔnF3・dF3は130〜150nm、前記ΔnF4・dF4は265〜285nmとされている。なお、前記θ1とθ6とを対で、90°回転させてもよい。
【0022】
なお、図4には本実施形態の液晶表示装置を構成する第1偏光板2の偏光軸、図5には第1位相差板3の延伸軸、図6には第2位相差板4の延伸軸、図8には第3位相差板8の延伸軸、図9には第4位相差板9の延伸軸、そして、図10には第2偏光板10の偏光軸を示す。また、図7は液晶表示パネル1の模式的平面図であり、視認側及び反視認側の配向膜のそれぞれの配向軸を示し、この液晶表示パネル1の主視角方向は時計の6時方向(図7の下方)である。
【0023】
このように、軸角や位相差値を設定し、前記拡散層5を配置した液晶表示装置は、反射表示時及び透過表示時において明るく、良好なコントラスト比が得られ、反射表示時の視認性と透過表示時の視認性のよいものとなる。
【0024】
また、図11に示すように、前記各位相差板の延伸軸方向の屈折率をnx、延伸軸と直行する方向の屈折率をny、厚み方向の屈折率をnzとした場合に、前記第1位相差板3は、(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=0.3〜0.7、好ましくは(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=0.4〜0.6、前記第2位相差板4乃至第4位相差板9は、(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)≒1とされている。
【0025】
このように調整された位相差板を配置した液晶表示装置は、広視野角が得られるものとなる。
【0026】
第1位相差板3が、仮に(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)>0.7の場合には、図7における上下方向の視野角の改善効果が小さく、(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)<0.3の場合には、左右方向の視野角が悪くなるためである。
【0027】
以下に、前述した本実施形態の液晶表示装置の具体的な実施例を示し、従来の仕様の液晶表示装置(比較例)と比較して説明する。
【0028】
[実施例]
本実施例の液晶表示装置においては、前記液晶として、240°の左ツイスト角を有し、ΔnLC・dLCが840nmに設定されたSTN液晶を用い、θ1=135°、θ2=112°、θ3=91°、θ4=48°、θ5=166°、θ6=64°、ΔnF1・dF1=550nm、ΔnF2・dF2=140nm、ΔnF3・dF3=140nm、ΔnF4・dF4=275nm、第1位相差板3は(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=0.5、前記第2位相差板4乃至第4位相差板9は(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=1とし、半透過反射層の透過率を30%、拡散層5のヘイズ値を80%とした。
【0029】
[比較例(従来仕様)]
本実施例の液晶表示装置においては、前記液晶として、240°の左ツイスト角を有し、ΔnLC・dLCが840nmに設定されたSTN液晶を用い、θ1=135°、θ2=112°、θ3=91°、θ4=48°、θ5=166°、θ6=64°、ΔnF1・dF1=550nm、ΔnF2・dF2=140nm、ΔnF3・dF3=140nm、ΔnF4・dF4=275nm、第1位相差板3は(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=1、前記第2位相差板4乃至第4位相差板9は(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=1とし、半透過反射層の透過率を30%、拡散層5のヘイズ値を80%とした。
【0030】
これらの液晶表示装置を1/160Dutyの条件によって駆動させたところ、オフ電圧印加時には黒色表示、オン電圧印加時には白色表示となる、ネガ表示を行うことができた。
【0031】
しかしながら、実施例の液晶表示装置は比較例の液晶表示装置と比較して、反射表示時においても、透過表示時においても、上下方向の広視野角化が得られるものとなった。
【0032】
なお、図12には、透過表示時における、前記実施例の液晶表示装置のコントラストの視野角依存性と反転領域(図中、網掛け部分)を示し、図13には、同じく透過表示時における、前記比較例の液晶表示装置のコントラストの視野角依存性と反転領域(図中、網掛け部分)を示す。なお、ネガ表示を行う本実施例及び比較例において、反転とは、電圧ON時においても黒色表示となることを意味する。また、図12及び図13中、同心円とされ、10°間隔で0〜50°まで示された円状のラインは、液晶表示装置の表示面の法線からの傾き角(θ)を示しており、同図の中心点から放射線状に延在し、同図を12分割するラインは、図7を参照して、液晶表示装置の表示面の3時方向を0°と仮定した場合における時計回りの角度(φ)を示している。
【0033】
これらの図からわかるように、コントラスト比1:1以下の反転が始まる角度(反転領域の境界部分)が、上方向(12時方向(φ90°方向))では、従来例においては約33°であったのに対し、実施例では約43°となり、下方向(6時方向(φ270°方向))では、従来例においては約48°であったのに対し、実施例では反転がなくなった。
【0034】
また、コントラスト比2:1の領域(コントラスト2以上領域)が、上方向では、従来例においては約29°であったのに対し、実施例では約36°となり、下方向では、従来例においては約45°であったのに対し、実施例では約60°(図示せず)となった。
【0035】
このように、本実施形態の液晶表示装置においては、反射表示時および透過表示時の双方において、良好なコントラスト比が得られ、反射表示時の視認性と透過表示時の視認性のバランスを良くすることができ、特に、表示面の上下方向において広視野角化が得られ、良好な視認性が得られるものとなった。
【0036】
なお、本発明は、前述した実施形態および実施例に限定されるものではなく、必要に応じて種々の変更が可能である。
【0037】
例えば、前記実施例においては、ツイスト角を240°とする液晶を用いたが、前記240°に限ることなく、いわゆるスーパーツイストの範疇に収まる230〜250°のツイスト角を有する液晶であればよい。また、液晶層を左ツイストとして説明しているが、右ツイストであってもよく、液晶層が右ツイストの場合には、各軸角θ1〜θ6を時計回りとすればよい。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、反射表示時および透過表示時の双方において、明るく、良好なコントラスト比が得られ、反射表示時と透過表示時の視認性のバランスも良い液晶表示装置となる。また、特に、上下方向の広角視野化を図ることができ、広角視野化が要求される携帯電話やPDA等の表示装置として最適なものとなるという効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の積層構成を示す縦断面図
【図2】本実施形態の液晶表示装置を構成する液晶表示パネルの視認側に配置される配向膜の配向軸を基準として求められるθ1乃至θ3の説明図
【図3】本実施形態の液晶表示装置を構成する液晶表示パネルの反視認側に配置される配向膜の配向軸を基準として求められるθ4乃至θ6の説明図
【図4】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の第1偏光板の偏光軸を示す図
【図5】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の第1位相差板の延伸軸を示す図
【図6】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の第2位相差板の延伸軸を示す図
【図7】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の液晶表示パネルの模式的平面図
【図8】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の第3位相差板の延伸軸を示す図
【図9】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の第4位相差板の延伸軸を示す図
【図10】本実施形態の液晶表示装置の第2偏光板の偏光軸を示す図
【図11】位相差板の各屈折率の定義を示す説明図
【図12】透過表示時における、本実施例の液晶表示装置のコントラストの視野角依存性と反転領域を示す図
【図13】透過表示時における、比較例(従来仕様)の液晶表示装置のコントラストの視野角依存性と反転領域を示す図
【符号の説明】
1 液晶表示パネル
2 第1偏光板
3 第1位相差板
4 第2位相差板
5 拡散層
6 円偏光光源
7 半透過反射膜
8 第3位相差板
9 第4位相差板
10 第2偏光板
11 バックライト
15 液晶層
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a transflective liquid crystal display device, which can exhibit good contrast in both reflective display and transmissive display.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a transflective liquid crystal display device having a configuration having both a reflective area for performing display using external light and a transmissive area for performing display using light emitted from a backlight unit has been known as a mobile phone. It is widely used as a display device for PDA and PDA.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-107727 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the transflective liquid crystal display device, a bright and good contrast ratio is obtained both at the time of reflective display for displaying with the reflective region and at the time of transmissive display for displaying with the transmissive region, and It has been required to improve the balance between visibility during reflection display and transmission display.
[0005]
Further, as described above, when used as a display device of a mobile phone, a PDA, or the like, as the screen size increases (generally, there is a tendency to increase the size of the display screen in the vertical direction), a wider angle of view is required. It had been.
[0006]
In view of the above, the present invention provides a bright and favorable contrast ratio in both reflective display and transmissive display, has a good balance between visibility in reflective display and transmissive display, and In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device that can achieve a wide angle view in the vertical direction.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the features of the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 of the present invention include a first polarizing plate, a first retardation plate, a second retardation plate, a liquid crystal display panel, Circularly polarized light sources are sequentially arranged, and the liquid crystal display panel has a phase difference value (ΔnLC · dLC) at a twist angle of 230 ° to 250 ° between two transparent substrates each having an alignment film. In a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer set to 800 to 920 nm, and a semi-transmissive reflective layer disposed on the opposite viewing side of the liquid crystal layer, an alignment film disposed on the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel When viewed from the viewing side with respect to the orientation axis of, the axis angle of the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate is θ1, the axis angle of the stretching axis of the first retardation plate is θ2, The axis angle of the stretching axis of the phase difference plate is θ3, and the phase difference value of the first phase difference plate is Δn. When the phase difference value of the second retardation plate is ΔnF2 · dF2, the θ1 is 120 to 150 °, the θ2 is 100 to 130 °, the θ3 is 75 to 105 °, and the ΔnF1 · dF1 is 520 to 600 nm, ΔnF2 · dF2 is 130 to 150 nm, the refractive index in the stretching axis direction of each of the retardation plates is nx, the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction. Where nx is nz, the first retardation plate is (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) = 0.3 to 0.7, and the second retardation plate is (nx-nz) / (nx- ny) ≒ 1.
[0008]
The liquid crystal display device according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the circularly polarized light source of the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect has a third retardation plate and a fourth retardation plate arranged in order from the viewing side. A phase difference plate, a second polarizing plate, and a backlight, which are counterclockwise as viewed from the viewing side with respect to the alignment axis of an alignment film disposed on the anti-viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel. The axis angle of the stretching axis of the third retardation plate is θ4, the axis angle of the stretching axis of the fourth retardation plate is θ5, the axis angle of the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate is θ6, and the phase difference of the third retardation plate is When the value is ΔnF3 · dF3 and the phase difference value of the fourth retardation plate is ΔnF4 · dF4, the θ4 is 30 to 60 °, the θ5 is 150 to 180 °, the θ6 is 50 to 80 °, ΔnF3 · dF3 is 130 to 150 nm, and ΔnF4 · dF4 is 265 to 285 nm. In the case where the refractive index in the stretching axis direction of each of the retardation plates is nx, the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, the third retardation plate and the fourth The difference between the retardation plates is that (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) ≒ 1.
[0009]
By adopting such a configuration, a bright and favorable contrast ratio can be obtained at the time of reflective display and transmissive display, and the visibility at the time of reflective display and the visibility at the time of transmissive display are good. The corner will be obtained.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a laminated configuration of a transflective liquid crystal display device as an embodiment of the present invention.
[0011]
The transflective liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment has a liquid crystal display panel 1, and a polarizing plate (first polarizing plate 2) is provided above the liquid crystal display panel 1 (viewing side) in order from the viewing side. ), Two retardation plates (referred to as a first retardation plate 3 and a second retardation plate 4 from the viewer's side), and a diffusion layer 5. The circularly polarized light source 6 is disposed on the (viewing side).
[0012]
Here, the liquid crystal display panel 1 has two transparent substrates (not shown) made of a material such as glass, which are arranged substantially in parallel at an interval. Are sealed by a peripheral sealing material (not shown).
[0013]
A transparent common electrode (not shown) is disposed so as to be in close contact with one of the upper transparent substrates, and a voltage is applied between the electrodes below the transparent common electrode. An alignment film (not shown) for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules in accordance with the applied voltage is provided so as to be in close contact with each other.
[0014]
On the other hand, a transflective film 7 is provided above the other transparent substrate located below. The transflective film 7 is formed on a half mirror layer or a perforated mirror layer provided with a partial opening in a perfect reflection film, for example, and has a metal thin film of Al, an Al alloy, an Ag alloy, or the like. Thin films such as TiO 2 having a large refractive index and SiO 2 having a small refractive index are laminated on the metal thin film, and the transmittance and color are adjusted by adjusting the thickness of each of these films. The transmittance of the transflective film 7 is preferably 10 to 60%.
[0015]
Further, a color filter layer (not shown) is provided above the transflective layer, and a transparent segment electrode (not shown) is provided above the color filter layer. An alignment film (not shown) is provided so as to be in close contact with the substrate.
[0016]
The two transparent substrates are bonded to each other with the respective alignment films facing each other. A twist angle of 230 ° to 250 ° and a phase difference between the two transparent substrates and the sealed space surrounded by the peripheral sealing material are provided. The liquid crystal whose value (ΔnLC · dLC) is set to 800 to 920 nm, preferably 820 to 900 nm is sealed to form the liquid crystal layer 15.
[0017]
An internal diffusion layer having fine irregularities on the surface may be arranged inside the liquid crystal display panel 1 (for example, between the transparent substrate and the transflective film 7 positioned below). . For example, fine irregularities of the internal diffusion layer can be obtained by a method such as chemical etching of a glass substrate constituting the transparent substrate, or roughening the surface of a photosensitive resin by a photolithography method.
[0018]
Here, the polarizing plate is for regulating the vibration direction of the light, and the retardation plate is for compensating the interference color generated when the light passes through the liquid crystal layer. As the retardation plate, for example, a film formed by stretching a transparent film such as polycarbonate can be used.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, it is desirable that the diffusion layer 5 also has a function of attaching the second retardation plate 4 to the upper surface of the liquid crystal display panel 1. For example, when the function of sticking is provided by using an adhesive, it is preferable to disperse a material having a different refractive index from the adhesive in the adhesive. The haze value of the diffusion layer 5 is preferably 30% to 82%. When the internal diffusion layer whose reflection directivity is controlled is not disposed inside the liquid crystal display panel 1, the haze value of the diffusion layer 5 is The haze value of the diffusion layer 5 is preferably 30 to 60% when the internal diffusion layer is disposed.
[0020]
In the present embodiment, the circularly polarized light source 6 includes, in order from the viewing side, two retardation plates (a third retardation plate 8 and a fourth retardation plate 9 from the viewing side) and a polarizing plate ( A second polarizing plate 10) and a backlight 11 are arranged, and the linearly polarized light of the backlight 11 is converted into circularly polarized light by the second polarizing plate 10, and the circularly polarized light is used as a light source for transmissive display by the liquid crystal display. The panel 1 is configured to transmit light.
[0021]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment is observed from the viewing side with respect to the alignment axis of the alignment film disposed on the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel 1. In the counterclockwise direction, the axis angle of the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate 2 is θ1, the axis angle of the stretching axis of the first phase difference plate 3 is θ2, and the axis angle of the stretching axis of the second phase difference plate 4 is θ3. The axis angle of the stretching axis of the third retardation film 8 in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the orientation axis of the orientation film disposed on the anti-viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is θ4, and the fourth phase difference is The axis angle of the stretching axis of the plate 9 is θ5, the axis angle of the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 10 is θ6, the phase difference value of the first phase difference plate 3 is ΔnF1 · dF1, and the phase difference value of the second phase difference plate 4 is The phase difference value is ΔnF2 · dF2, the phase difference value of the third phase difference plate 8 is ΔnF3 · dF3, and the phase difference value of the fourth phase difference plate 9 is ΔnF4 · dF4. In this case, the θ1 is 120 to 150 °, the θ2 is 100 to 130 °, the θ3 is 75 to 105 °, the θ4 is 30 to 60 °, the θ5 is 150 to 180 °, and the θ6 is 50 to 80. °, the ΔnF1 · dF1 is 520 to 600 nm, preferably 530 to 590 nm, the ΔnF2 · dF2 is 130 to 150 nm, the ΔnF3 · dF3 is 130 to 150 nm, and the ΔnF4 · dF4 is 265 to 285 nm. . Note that the above θ1 and θ6 may be rotated by 90 ° in pairs.
[0022]
4 shows the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate 2 constituting the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, FIG. 5 shows the stretching axis of the first retardation plate 3, and FIG. 8 shows the stretching axis of the third retardation plate 8, FIG. 9 shows the stretching axis of the fourth retardation plate 9, and FIG. 10 shows the polarization axis of the second polarizing plate 10. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of the liquid crystal display panel 1, showing the respective alignment axes of the alignment films on the viewing side and the anti-viewing side. The main viewing angle direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is at 6 o'clock ( 7 (below FIG. 7).
[0023]
As described above, the liquid crystal display device in which the axis angle and the phase difference value are set and the diffusion layer 5 is arranged is bright in the reflective display and the transmissive display, has a good contrast ratio, and has the visibility in the reflective display. And good visibility at the time of transmissive display.
[0024]
Further, as shown in FIG. 11, when the refractive index in the stretching axis direction of each of the retardation plates is nx, the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the stretching axis is ny, and the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, The retardation plate 3 has (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) = 0.3 to 0.7, preferably (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) = 0.4 to 0.6, The second to fourth retardation plates 4 to 9 satisfy (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) ≒ 1.
[0025]
The liquid crystal display device in which the retarder thus adjusted is arranged can obtain a wide viewing angle.
[0026]
If the first retardation plate 3 satisfies (nx−nz) / (nx−ny)> 0.7, the effect of improving the vertical viewing angle in FIG. 7 is small, and (nx−nz) / ( If (nx−ny) <0.3, the viewing angle in the left-right direction becomes worse.
[0027]
Hereinafter, specific examples of the above-described liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment will be described, and a description will be given in comparison with a liquid crystal display device of a conventional specification (comparative example).
[0028]
[Example]
In the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, an STN liquid crystal having a left twist angle of 240 ° and ΔnLC · dLC set to 840 nm is used as the liquid crystal, and θ1 = 135 °, θ2 = 112 °, θ3 = 91 °, θ4 = 48 °, θ5 = 166 °, θ6 = 64 °, ΔnF1 · dF1 = 550 nm, ΔnF2 · dF2 = 140 nm, ΔnF3 · dF3 = 140 nm, ΔnF4 · dF4 = 275 nm, the first retardation plate 3 is ( nx−nz) / (nx−ny) = 0.5, the second retardation plate 4 to the fourth retardation plate 9 are (nx−nz) / (nx−ny) = 1, and the transflective layer The transmittance was 30%, and the haze value of the diffusion layer 5 was 80%.
[0029]
[Comparative example (conventional specification)]
In the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, an STN liquid crystal having a left twist angle of 240 ° and ΔnLC · dLC set to 840 nm is used as the liquid crystal, and θ1 = 135 °, θ2 = 112 °, θ3 = 91 °, θ4 = 48 °, θ5 = 166 °, θ6 = 64 °, ΔnF1 · dF1 = 550 nm, ΔnF2 · dF2 = 140 nm, ΔnF3 · dF3 = 140 nm, ΔnF4 · dF4 = 275 nm, the first retardation plate 3 is ( nx−nz) / (nx−ny) = 1, the second retardation plate 4 to the fourth retardation plate 9 are (nx−nz) / (nx−ny) = 1, and the transmittance of the transflective layer is Was 30%, and the haze value of the diffusion layer 5 was 80%.
[0030]
When these liquid crystal display devices were driven under the condition of 1/160 Duty, negative display was achieved in which black display was obtained when an off voltage was applied and white display was obtained when an on voltage was applied.
[0031]
However, the liquid crystal display device of the example can obtain a wider viewing angle in the vertical direction both in the reflective display and in the transmissive display, as compared with the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example.
[0032]
FIG. 12 shows the viewing angle dependency of the contrast of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment and the inversion area (shaded area in the figure) during the transmissive display, and FIG. 7 shows the viewing angle dependence of the contrast of the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example and the inversion region (shaded portion in the figure). In the present embodiment and the comparative example for performing the negative display, the inversion means that the display is black even when the voltage is ON. In FIGS. 12 and 13, circular lines which are concentric circles and are shown at 0 ° to 50 ° at intervals of 10 ° indicate inclination angles (θ) from the normal of the display surface of the liquid crystal display device. A line extending radially from the center point of the figure and dividing the figure into 12 parts is a clock assuming that the 3 o'clock direction of the display surface of the liquid crystal display device is 0 ° with reference to FIG. The angle of rotation (φ) is shown.
[0033]
As can be seen from these figures, the angle at which the inversion with a contrast ratio of 1: 1 or less (the boundary portion of the inversion area) is upward (12 o'clock direction (φ90 ° direction)) is about 33 ° in the conventional example. On the other hand, in the example, it was about 43 °, and in the downward direction (6 o'clock direction (φ270 ° direction)), it was about 48 ° in the conventional example, but in the example, there was no reversal.
[0034]
Also, the area of the contrast ratio of 2: 1 (contrast 2 or more area) is about 29 ° in the conventional example in the upward direction, is about 36 ° in the embodiment, and is about 36 ° in the downward direction in the conventional example. Was about 45 °, whereas in the example, it was about 60 ° (not shown).
[0035]
As described above, in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, a good contrast ratio is obtained in both the reflective display and the transmissive display, and a good balance between the visibility in the reflective display and the visibility in the transmissive display is obtained. In particular, a wide viewing angle was obtained in the vertical direction of the display surface, and good visibility was obtained.
[0036]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various changes can be made as necessary.
[0037]
For example, in the above-described embodiment, a liquid crystal having a twist angle of 240 ° was used. However, the liquid crystal having a twist angle of 230 to 250 °, which is not limited to the above 240 ° and falls within a so-called super twist category, may be used. . Although the liquid crystal layer is described as a left twist, the liquid crystal layer may be a right twist. When the liquid crystal layer is a right twist, each of the axis angles θ1 to θ6 may be clockwise.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a liquid crystal display device that is bright and has a good contrast ratio in both reflective display and transmissive display and has a good balance between visibility in reflective display and transmissive display It becomes. Further, in particular, it is possible to achieve a wide-angle visual field in the vertical direction, which is advantageous in that the display device becomes optimal as a display device such as a mobile phone or a PDA that requires a wide-angle visual field.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a laminated structure of a liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is based on an alignment axis of an alignment film arranged on a viewing side of a liquid crystal display panel constituting the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of θ1 to θ3 obtained as a formula. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of θ4 to θ6 obtained with reference to an alignment axis of an alignment film arranged on a non-viewing side of a liquid crystal display panel constituting the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a polarization axis of a first polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a stretching axis of a first retardation plate of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a view showing a stretching axis of a second retardation plate of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display panel of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment. FIG. FIG. 9 is a view showing a stretching axis of a third retardation plate. FIG. 10 is a view showing a stretching axis of a phase difference plate. FIG. 10 is a view showing a polarization axis of a second polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the definition of each refractive index of the phase difference plate. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the viewing angle dependence of the contrast of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment and the inversion region during transmissive display. FIG. 13 is the view angle of the contrast of the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example (conventional specification) during transmissive display. Diagram showing dependence and inversion area [Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 liquid crystal display panel 2 first polarizing plate 3 first retardation plate 4 second retardation plate 5 diffusion layer 6 circularly polarized light source 7 transflective film 8 third retardation plate 9 fourth retardation plate 10 second polarizing plate 11 backlight 15 liquid crystal layer

Claims (2)

視認側から、第1偏光板、第1位相差板、第2位相差板、液晶表示パネル、および円偏光光源を順に配置させてなり、前記液晶表示パネルは、配向膜がそれぞれ配設された2枚の透明基板間に、230°〜250°のツイスト角で、位相差値(ΔnLC・dLC)を800〜920nmに設定された液晶層を有し、前記液晶層の反視認側には半透過反射層が配置されている液晶表示装置において、
前記液晶表示パネルの視認側に配置された配向膜の配向軸を基準とした際に視認側から観察して反時計回りの、前記第1偏光板の偏光軸の軸角をθ1、第1位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ2、第2位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ3とし、前記第1位相差板の位相差値をΔnF1・dF1、前記第2位相差板の位相差値をΔnF2・dF2とする場合の、前記θ1が120〜150°、前記θ2が100〜130°、前記θ3が75〜105°、前記ΔnF1・dF1が520〜600nm、前記ΔnF2・dF2が130〜150nmとされており、前記各位相差板の延伸軸方向の屈折率をnx、延伸軸と直行する方向の屈折率をny、厚み方向の屈折率をnzとした場合の、前記第1位相差板が(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)=0.3〜0.7、前記第2位相差板が(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)≒1とされていることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。
From the viewing side, a first polarizing plate, a first retardation plate, a second retardation plate, a liquid crystal display panel, and a circularly polarized light source are arranged in this order, and the liquid crystal display panel is provided with an alignment film. A liquid crystal layer having a phase difference value (ΔnLC · dLC) of 800 to 920 nm at a twist angle of 230 ° to 250 ° between two transparent substrates, and a half of the liquid crystal layer on the opposite viewing side of the liquid crystal layer. In a liquid crystal display device in which a transmission reflection layer is disposed,
When viewed from the viewing side with respect to the alignment axis of the alignment film disposed on the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel, the axis angle of the polarization axis of the first polarizing plate in the counterclockwise direction is θ1, The axis angle of the stretching axis of the phase difference plate is θ2, the axis angle of the stretching axis of the second phase difference plate is θ3, the phase difference value of the first phase difference plate is ΔnF1 · dF1, and the phase difference of the second phase difference plate is When the value is ΔnF2 · dF2, the θ1 is 120 to 150 °, the θ2 is 100 to 130 °, the θ3 is 75 to 105 °, the ΔnF1 · dF1 is 520 to 600 nm, and the ΔnF2 · dF2 is 130 to The first retardation plate when each of the retardation plates has a refractive index in the stretching axis direction of nx, a refractive index in a direction perpendicular to the stretching axis as ny, and a refractive index in the thickness direction as nz; Is (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) = 0.3-0.7, The liquid crystal display device characterized by 2 phase plate is a (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) ≒ 1.
前記円偏光光源が、視認側から順に配置された第3位相差板、第4位相差板、第2偏光板およびバックライトからなり、前記液晶表示パネルの反視認側に配置された配向膜の配向軸を基準とした際に視認側から観察して反時計回りとなる、前記第3位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ4、第4位相差板の延伸軸の軸角をθ5、第2偏光板の偏光軸の軸角をθ6とし、前記第3位相差板の位相差値をΔnF3・dF3、前記第4位相差板の位相差値をΔnF4・dF4とする場合の、前記θ4が30〜60°、前記θ5が150〜180°、前記θ6が50〜80°、前記ΔnF3・dF3は130〜150nm、前記ΔnF4・dF4は265〜285nmとされており、前記各位相差板の延伸軸方向の屈折率をnx、延伸軸と直行する方向の屈折率をny、厚み方向の屈折率をnzとした場合の、前記第3位相差板および第4位相差板がそれぞれ、(nx−nz)/(nx−ny)≒1とされていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の液晶表示装置。The circularly polarized light source comprises a third retardation plate, a fourth retardation plate, a second polarizing plate, and a backlight arranged in order from the viewing side, and an alignment film disposed on the anti-viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel. When viewed from the viewing side with respect to the orientation axis, when viewed from the viewing side, the axis angle of the stretching axis of the third retardation film is θ4, the axis angle of the stretching axis of the fourth retardation film is θ5, When the axis angle of the polarization axis of the two polarizers is θ6, the phase difference value of the third retardation plate is ΔnF3 · dF3, and the phase difference value of the fourth retardation plate is ΔnF4 · dF4, the θ4 is 30 to 60 °, the θ5 is 150 to 180 °, the θ6 is 50 to 80 °, the ΔnF3 · dF3 is 130 to 150 nm, the ΔnF4 · dF4 is 265 to 285 nm, and the stretching axis of each of the phase difference plates The refractive index in the direction is nx, and the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the stretching axis is ny. When the refractive index in the thickness direction is nz, the third retardation plate and the fourth retardation plate each satisfy (nx-nz) / (nx-ny) ≒ 1. Item 2. The liquid crystal display device according to item 1.
JP2002315962A 2002-10-30 2002-10-30 Liquid crystal display device Pending JP2004151333A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002315962A JP2004151333A (en) 2002-10-30 2002-10-30 Liquid crystal display device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002315962A JP2004151333A (en) 2002-10-30 2002-10-30 Liquid crystal display device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004151333A true JP2004151333A (en) 2004-05-27

Family

ID=32459813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002315962A Pending JP2004151333A (en) 2002-10-30 2002-10-30 Liquid crystal display device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2004151333A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005338643A (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 Kyocera Corp Liquid crystal display device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11149015A (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-06-02 Nitto Denko Corp Laminated wavelength plate, circularly polarized light plate and liquid crystal display device
JPH11271758A (en) * 1998-03-20 1999-10-08 Alps Electric Co Ltd Reflection type liquid crystal display device
JP2000347187A (en) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-15 Sharp Corp Reflective liquid crystal display device
WO2001033290A1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Reflective lcd, semitransmitting reflective lcd and electronic device
JP2002072212A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-12 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Liquid crystal display device
JP2002162624A (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Reflective liquid crystal display device
JP2002229025A (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-14 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Liquid crystal display

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11149015A (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-06-02 Nitto Denko Corp Laminated wavelength plate, circularly polarized light plate and liquid crystal display device
JPH11271758A (en) * 1998-03-20 1999-10-08 Alps Electric Co Ltd Reflection type liquid crystal display device
JP2000347187A (en) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-15 Sharp Corp Reflective liquid crystal display device
WO2001033290A1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Reflective lcd, semitransmitting reflective lcd and electronic device
JP2002072212A (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-12 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Liquid crystal display device
JP2002162624A (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Reflective liquid crystal display device
JP2002229025A (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-14 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Liquid crystal display

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005338643A (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 Kyocera Corp Liquid crystal display device
JP4583072B2 (en) * 2004-05-28 2010-11-17 京セラ株式会社 Liquid crystal display

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3778185B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device and electronic device
JP4308553B2 (en) Liquid crystal display
JP3873939B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device and electronic device
JP3692445B2 (en) Liquid crystal device and electronic device
TWI250343B (en) LCD device and electronic machine
JP2007108654A (en) Transflective type liquid crystal display device having high transmittance and wide viewing angle characteristics
JP5129739B2 (en) Improved single polarizer reflective bistable twisted nematic (BTN) liquid crystal display
JP3712833B2 (en) Reflective liquid crystal display
JP2595537B2 (en) Liquid crystal display
JP2004151333A (en) Liquid crystal display device
JP4363917B2 (en) Liquid crystal display
JP2013238784A (en) Liquid crystal display element
JP2004206065A (en) Liquid crystal display and electronic apparatus
JP2002131749A (en) Reflection type liquid crystal display device
JP2007102161A (en) Liquid crystal display device
JP3843192B2 (en) Reflective liquid crystal display
JP4539563B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device and electronic device
JP2006071749A (en) Liquid crystal display element
KR20020042928A (en) Semi-transmission type liquid crystal display using fringe filed switching mode
JPH03269412A (en) Liquid crystal display device
JP2004157453A (en) Liquid crystal display and electronic device
JP3888791B2 (en) Reflective display device
JP2001228479A (en) Color liquid crystal display device
JPH03226713A (en) Liquid crystal display device
JP4367419B2 (en) Liquid crystal display device and electronic device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20051024

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20080403

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20080617

A02 Decision of refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02

Effective date: 20081021