JP2004132657A - Demolition method of chimney for incineration plant - Google Patents

Demolition method of chimney for incineration plant Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004132657A
JP2004132657A JP2002299271A JP2002299271A JP2004132657A JP 2004132657 A JP2004132657 A JP 2004132657A JP 2002299271 A JP2002299271 A JP 2002299271A JP 2002299271 A JP2002299271 A JP 2002299271A JP 2004132657 A JP2004132657 A JP 2004132657A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
chimney
refractory brick
incineration plant
dismantling
airtight chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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JP2002299271A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takao Echizen
越前 隆夫
Masakatsu Hora
洞 昌克
Kazuhiko Fukui
福井 和彦
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ECHIZEN KOMUTEN KK
SNH KK
Original Assignee
ECHIZEN KOMUTEN KK
SNH KK
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Priority to JP2002299271A priority Critical patent/JP2004132657A/en
Publication of JP2004132657A publication Critical patent/JP2004132657A/en
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  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To demolish fire bricks of a chimney inner wall having toxic materials stuck thereon without using chemicals or flushing water while ensuring the safety of workers or ambient environments. <P>SOLUTION: An airtight chamber 2 is constituted by use of a sucking blower chamber in the base part of the chimney 1 of an incineration plant, a remote-controlled fire brick automatic removing device 4 is set on the chimney inner part to break the fire bricks 5 having toxic materials stuck thereon, and fallen fire brick pieces or power dust is collected by a remote-controlled shovel car 6 or sucking machine 7, and made to a crushed matter having a constant grain size easy to handle by a grinding machine 8. A duct 9 is set between the airtight chamber 2 and the chimney top opening to constitute a circulating passage of internal air as a closed space never leaking the powder dust or the like to the outside. The work can be performed in a simple method without generating a large quantity of washing drain water, and the safety of workers or ambient environments can be also ensured. This method can be made to a pollution-free demolition method by including a granulation process for granulating the matter to be treated to a granulated material easy to handle and a heat decomposition process for making the granulated material pollution-free. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は焼却場の煙突解体工法に係り、特に、廃棄物焼却場等でダイオキシン類や重金属類などの有害物質が蓄積した煙突内壁部を撤去するのに好適な技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、焼却場に付設された煙突(以下、単に煙突ともいう)は、焼却場から排出される煤や飛灰中に含まれるダイオキシンや重金属類などの人体に有害な物質が、煙突の内壁を構成する耐火レンガの表面に付着し、年月の経過とともに耐火レンガの表面に固着し、また、表面層に含浸している。
【0003】
したがって、煙突解体時には、飛散する粉塵にこれらの有害物質が含まれるため、解体作業者は被害防止のために例えば宇宙服のような完全装備で宙吊りの状態で作業する必要があり、粉塵が充満する狭い煙突内での長時間作業は困難で、作業環境と作業効率が極めて悪かった。また、粉塵や飛散物が周辺の環境に悪影響を与えることにもなる。そのため、解体工事が延期されたまま放置されている例も多い。
【0004】
一方、ダイオキシン類対策特別措置法が制定されて以降、廃棄物処理を発生源とするダイオキシンの汚染防止対策が進められ、作業者のダイオキシン類への暴露防止の徹底が図られており、この種の煙突の解体に際しては、作業者や周辺環境に対して有害物質による被害を与えない解体方法が求められている。
【0005】
この種の焼却場に付設された煙突を解体する方法には、有害物質が蓄積された内壁を洗浄し、洗浄後の煙突をソーイング工法などにより撤去する方法があるが、後記のような問題点を有している。(特許文献1参照)。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開2002−121906号公報
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記特許文献1に記載の方法は、煙突内壁の耐火レンガの表面を洗浄した有害物質を含む洗浄排水が大量に発生するという問題があった。また、表面の有害物質は洗浄できても、耐火レンガの内部に含浸した有害物質を完全に洗浄するのは困難であった。
【0008】
また、有害物質を含む洗浄排水を無害化するための設備が必要であり、廃棄物などを加熱分解して無害化処理する場合、被処理物は個体であることが一般的で、液体あるいは粉体には適用するのが困難であるという問題もある。
【0009】
本発明の課題は、有害物質が固着した煙突内壁の耐火レンガを、洗浄水を用いずに、かつ、作業者や周辺環境の安全を確保して解体することである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために本発明は、焼却場に付設された煙突の基部に気密室を形成し、前記煙突内に遠隔操作される耐火レンガ自動除去装置を設置して該煙突頂部の開口を密閉し、前記焼却場から排出された有害物質を含む煤や飛灰が付着した煙突内壁を構成する耐火レンガを、前記耐火レンガ自動除去装置によって解体して前記気密室内に崩落させ、該崩落した耐火レンガ片を前記気密室内で遠隔操作によって粉砕して粉砕物にするとともに、前記気密室内から吸引した空気中の粉塵を除去した後、該空気を前記煙突内に循環させることを特徴とするものである。
【0011】
本発明工法によれば、煙突および煙突基部を含む気密室を外部と遮断し、有害物質の付着した耐火レンガを、水や薬液を使用しないで、そのまま突き崩すという極めて単純な工法を採用し、同時に気密室内で、耐火レンガ片を一定の大きさ以下に粉砕するという作業を、いずれも遠隔操作により無人化してできるので、作業者や周辺環境を汚染することなく、短工期で煙突解体作業ができる。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施形態の概要は、焼却場の煙突1の基部に通常設置されている旧誘引送風機室を利用して気密室2を構成し、煙突頂部の開口をカバー3で塞ぎ、煙突内部に遠隔操作の耐火レンガ自動除去装置4を設置して、煙突内壁を構成する耐火レンガ5を突き崩して煙突基部の気密室2に崩落させる。
【0013】
次に、崩落した耐火レンガ片や粉塵を遠隔操作の無人ショベルカー6や無人吸引機7で集め、粉砕機8で取り扱い容易な一定大きさ以下の粉砕物にすることである。さらに、煙突基部の気密室2と煙突頂部開口との間にダクト9を設置して内部空気の循環路を構成し、粉塵等を外部に漏出させない閉じた空間とした(図1の無人化解体システム)。
【0014】
この耐火レンガ5の粉砕物や粉塵には、ダイオキシン類や重金属類などの有害物質が含まれており、上記粉砕物を厳重な管理下で運搬処理することができる。本発明では、さらに以後の工程を採用している。▲1▼上記粉砕物や粉塵に水分を添加して、例えばペレット状に造粒する造粒工程(図2(a)の造粒システム)。▲2▼この造粒物を例えば遠赤外線熱分解装置で熱分解し、無害化する工程(図2(b)の熱分解システム)。
【0015】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して説明する。図1に無人化解体システムの構成を示す。煙突基部に通常設置されている旧誘引送風機室を密閉し、煙突頂部開口をカバー3で塞いで気密室2を構成する。旧誘引送風機室は、煙突基部に配置され焼却場から排出するガスの全量を煙突1に誘引する送風機(例えば15〜37KW級)を設置するため、100〜400m2 程度のかなりの広さを持った独立室なので、気密作業室に改造するのに好適である。
【0016】
一方、煙突1の付近に設置した自立型クレーン10で吊り下げた耐火レンガ自動除去装置4を、煙突頂部開口から煙突内部に吊り下げる。また、この耐火レンガ自動除去装置4を遠隔操作したりモニターし、さらに電源などを設置したモニター室11と、耐火レンガ自動除去装置4に圧縮空気を送るコンプレッサー12などを煙突付近に配置する。
【0017】
図3〜図5に、耐火レンガ自動除去装置を示す。図3は煙突頂部に設置した耐火レンガ自動除去装置の側面図、図4は径が頂部より拡大している煙突基部に位置した耐火レンガ自動除去装置の側面図、図5は、耐火レンガ自動除去装置の上面図である。
【0018】
これらの図に示すように、耐火レンガ自動除去装置4は、鋼材によって本体を構成し、煙突1本体のコンクリート内周壁に当接してつっぱるための複数のアーム15と、煙突内壁を構成する耐火レンガ5を突き崩すための解体工具16、および、解体状況を観察するモニター用テレビカメラ17と照明ランプなどを備えている。
【0019】
アーム15は前述の圧縮空気による伸縮自在なエアシリンダで構成され、位置を固定するときは煙突内周壁につっばり、移動するときはロッドを縮めて内壁から離す。
【0020】
解体工具16は耐火レンガ自動除去装置4本体の下部に配置され、固定された装置本体に対して煙突内周方向に、電動モータ18により自在に回転駆動され、かつ、工具ヘッド19が上下に旋回自在となっており、工具ヘッド19を耐火レンガ壁に当接させ、圧縮空気により伸縮振動させて突き崩すようになっている。解体工具16の動作で生じる反力は、内壁に当接させたアーム15によって支持する。
【0021】
なお、解体工具16は市販の工具が取り付け可能である。また、モニター用テレビカメラ17と照明ランプが解体工具16に付随して設置され、テレビカメラ17のレンズに付着する粉塵を吹き払うための洗浄用空気を噴出するエアノズル20も併設されている。
【0022】
煙突内壁部は、図3に示すように、一般に、コンクリート製の煙突本体21とその内周に積み重ねられた耐火レンガ壁で構成され、耐火レンガ壁と煙突本体21の内周壁との間は、ところどころに繋ぎ材22を配置した断熱空間となっている。そのため、解体工具16によって耐火レンガ壁だけを突き崩すことが容易にできる。
【0023】
そのほか、耐火レンガ自動除去装置4は、現場への搬入搬出用チェーンや煙突内で吊り下げるための吊りワイヤ23を掛ける吊具24、アーム15および解体工具16を駆動するための駆動エア用ホース25、テレビカメラのレンズ洗浄用エアホース26、電動モータ18や照明のための動力用ケーブル27を備え、また、装置本体に固定した電動モータ18の回転を、解体工具16の周方向回転にするロータリージョイント28、および集電装置29などを備えている。
【0024】
以上説明した耐火レンガ自動除去装置4を、クレーン10の吊りワイヤ23で吊り上げて煙突頂部に位置させる。一方、煙突頂部には姿勢制御用ワイヤ30を巻回した複数(図5では4箇所)のワイヤドラム31を設置し、それぞれのワイヤ30を耐火レンガ自動除去装置4に装着する。煙突内では、クレーン10の吊りワイヤ23で耐火レンガ自動除去装置4を下降させ、複数のワイヤドラム31の回転を調整して姿勢を修正し、解体工具16を駆動して耐火レンガ5を煙突内で崩落させる。
【0025】
気密室2内の煙突基部に崩落し集積した耐火レンガ片は、図1に示すように、遠隔操作される無人ショベルカー6で運搬され、搬送コンベアを経由して粉砕機8に送給される。また、気密室内の粉塵や耐火レンガ5の小片なども、同様に遠隔操作される無人吸引機7で吸引し搬送コンベアを経由して粉砕機8に送られる。粉砕機8ではこられの耐火レンガ片等を一定大きさ以下に粉砕する。
【0026】
崩落した耐火レンガ片は、耐火レンガ(50×70×100mm)1個程度の大きさか、その破片が多く、大きくても耐火レンガ2〜3個の塊程度である。本例では、これらを粉砕機8で大きさ2〜3mm程度の粉砕物にする。本例では、この粉砕物を次の造粒工程に送給するが、必要に応じて、気密室内で粉砕物を所定の容器に密封して搬出することもできる。
【0027】
なお、無人作業が容易なように、必要に応じて気密室2内にはレベルや傾斜などを考慮した仮設ステージ32を組み立てる。また、無人ショベルカー6や無人吸引機7の遠隔操作は、気密室2にテレビカメラを設置しモニター室11で操作することもできるし、気密室2に透明アクリル板や強化ガラスなどの窓や壁を設置し、気密室2内を観察しながら遠隔操作することもできる。
【0028】
また本例では、図1に示すように、気密室2から煙突頂部に至るダクト9を設置し、途中にバグフィルタ33や粉末活性炭を用いた活性炭吸着設備34等を配置した。気密室2内は粉塵が充満することが予想されるため、ダクト9を経由してブロア35で室内空気を吸引し、空気中の粉塵はバグフィルタ33で除去し、バグフィルタ33を通過した微粒子は活性炭吸着設備34で除去する。
【0029】
粉塵等を除去した後の空気は、煙突頂部から気密室2内に循環させ、内部を多少減圧することにより、内部空気が外部に漏出しないように構成した。また、この循環を繰り返すことによって、気密室内の空気が清浄化される。バグフィルタ33で集塵した粉塵や、活性炭吸着設備34で除去した微粒子の付着した活性炭は、本例では、前記粉砕物とともに次の造粒工程で固体化する。
【0030】
なお、上記耐火レンガの解体作業では、粉塵などの浮遊物が気密室内の空気中に充満する場合は、必要に応じて無人水噴霧機などにより、事前に耐火レンガやその破砕片を湿らせるための水噴霧を行うとよい。
【0031】
気密室内の耐火レンガ片等を撤去した後も、気密室の内部空気の循環を繰り返すことにより、空気中の浮遊物はバグフィルタや活性炭吸着塔で除去され、清浄な空気となる。最終的に気密室の解体撤去をするときには、壁や床などを水噴霧により湿潤化させ、吸引掃除機や箒清掃で塵埃を集め、袋詰や後段の造粒システムに混入する。
【0032】
また、気密室内に固着しているような塵埃は、必要に応じて高圧ジェット洗浄などを適宜任意に採用して洗浄する。この場合の洗浄排水は量が限られているので処理も容易である。本発明では、次の造粒システムで粉砕物を造粒するために加える水としてそのまま好適に使用できる。すなわち、有害物質を含む洗浄排水と粉砕物を混合して造粒物にすることにより、洗浄排水の処理コストを低減できる。
【0033】
なお、有害物質の付着した耐火レンガ5を撤去した後のコンクリート製煙突本体は、頂部の開口縁部から噛み砕くようにして、順次下方に向かって解体したり、あるいは、ソーイング工法等で分割して解体することができる。
【0034】
次に、図2(a)を参照して本発明における造粒システムを説明する。図1の無人化解体システムで一定範囲の大きさに粉砕された粉砕物は、必要に応じて磁選機40を経由させて鉄分を取り除く。鉄分(例えば釘や針金等)はあっても極めて微量であり、厳重に管理して搬出したり、洗浄等の無害化処理を行なう。
【0035】
その後、粉砕物は貯留槽41に一時的に溜める。次いで定量器42を介して一定量を微粉砕機43で、例えば粒径1mm以下に微粉砕し、計量装置44で所定量に計量して造粒するための混合機45に送給する。
【0036】
また、図1に示したバグフィルタ33で集めた粉塵や、活性炭吸着設備34で微粒子を吸着した粉末活性炭なども、それぞれホッパ46に送給される。特に、本実施形態では、次工程の熱分解システムに遠赤外線を用いる熱分解を考慮して、造粒工程でセラミックを混入するために、セラミック47をホッパ46に供給する。
【0037】
これらもホッパ46から定量器48や、計量装置49を経由して所定量が混合機45に送給される。混合機45では水50を加えて混合し、造粒機51で一定形状の固体に造粒する。本例では、大きさ5φ×10〜13mm程度のペレット状に造粒しているが、造粒物の形状は任意である。なお、水50は、前述の気密室で用いられた洗浄排水や、所内で発生した洗浄排水などを使用することもできる。
【0038】
こうして固体化した造粒物は、この段階で、所定の容器内に収納して搬出し、貯蔵したり造粒物を処理したりすることができる。本発明では、次工程の熱分解システムに送給し加熱分解してペレットを無害化する。
【0039】
一般に熱分解炉等の加熱分解装置は固形物が対象である。これは、被処理物が液体や粉体の場合は熱効率が固体に比較して極端に悪いからである。本発明では、耐火レンガの微粉砕物を、例えばペレット状などの固形物に造粒することによって、次工程の熱分解システムで、耐火レンガの粉砕固形物の熱分解による無害化を実施できるようにした。
【0040】
なお、図2(a)では、次の熱分解工程で分級したペレットの破片や、各システムにおける貯留槽等の機器内で発生する粉塵をサイクロン64で集塵し、それぞれ混合機45に回収するようにした。
【0041】
図2(b)に本発明における熱分解システムを示す。造粒工程で造粒したペレットは、まず分級機52で所定粒径以下の造粒物や破片などを取り除き、計量装置53で計量した後、貯留槽54に溜める。
【0042】
なお、本実施形態では各所に計量装置や定量器を備えている。例えば、計量装置53は熱分解システムの単位処理量の管理(時間あたり、日あたり、月あたり等)のために装備しているが、これらの機器は必要に応じて省略することも可能である。また、各機器装置間の被処理物の搬送には搬送コンベアや空気輸送が適宜使用される。
【0043】
貯留槽54では、ペレットが凝集しないように、ブロア55からの風を温風発生器56で温風にして吹き込む。こうして貯留槽内のペレットは、定量器57を介して熱分解炉58の能力に応じた一定量が熱分解炉58に供給される。本例では、熱分解炉58に遠赤外線により炉内を加熱する遠赤外線熱分解炉を採用している。
【0044】
遠赤外線により約700℃に加熱された炉内に供給されたペレットは、造粒工程で混入したセラミック47がペレット内部に散在しており、このセラミックを介してペレット内部への熱伝達効率が向上し、内部に含まれているダイオキシン類を加熱分解し、また、ペレット内部に封じ込められた重金属類は、最終的にペレット外部に溶出しない状態となる。こうして有害物質の付着した耐火レンガ5を微粉砕した粉末の造粒物は、無害なペレットとして熱分解炉58から排出され最終処分が可能となる。
【0045】
また、熱分解炉58で発生する熱分解ガス(例えば700℃)は、臭気を含み有害物質を含む恐れもあり、ブロア59で吸引し、冷却装置60で冷却(例えば200℃)した後、消臭装置61で補助燃料62をバーナ63により燃焼(例えば1300℃)させて臭気および有害物質を燃焼し、クリーンなガスにして大気開放する。なお、前述のサイクロン64で粉塵を除去した空気も、この消臭装置61に供給して空気中の有害物質を燃焼して無害化する。
【0046】
以上のとおり、本発明の実施形態によれば、焼却場の煙突内壁の有害物質が固着し含浸している耐火レンガ5を、遠隔操作の耐火レンガ自動除去装置4により崩すという極めて単純な工法を採用し、外部と遮断した無人気密室2内で粉砕処理するので、作業者はもとより、洗浄排水による地下水の汚染や、粉塵や飛散物による周辺環境に対する汚染も防止され、かつ、解体作業の工期短縮ができる。
【0047】
また、造粒システムや熱分解システムを解体現場内に仮設することにより、耐火レンガ粉砕物を取り扱い容易な造粒物にして搬出可能であり、さらに、この造粒物を熱分解システムによって無害化することができ、解体現場で解体から無害化までの一貫した処理を短工期で実施できる。特に、セラミック粉を混入して造粒することにより、遠赤外線熱分解炉での加熱による無害化が促進される。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
上述のとおり本発明によれば、焼却場などで、有害物質が固着した煙突内壁の耐火レンガを、洗浄水を用いずに、かつ、作業者や周辺環境の安全を確保して解体することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の無人化解体システムの一実施形態を示す構成図。
【図2】図2(a)は本発明の造粒システムの一実施形態を示す構成図、図2(b)は本発明の熱分解システムの一実施形態を示す構成図。
【図3】本発明における耐火レンガ自動除去装置4の一例を示す側面図。
【図4】本発明における耐火レンガ自動除去装置4の一例を示す側面図。
【図5】本発明における耐火レンガ自動除去装置4の一例を示す上面図。
【符号の説明】
1 焼却場煙突
2 気密室
4 耐火レンガ自動除去装置
5 耐火レンガ
6 無人ショベルカー
7 無人吸引機
8 粉砕機
9 ダクト
10 自立型クレーン
11 モニター室
15 アーム
16 解体工具
21 コンクリート製煙突本体
30 姿勢制御用ワイヤ
33 バグフィルタ
34 活性炭吸着設備
43 微粉砕機
45 混合機
47 セラミック
51 造粒機
58 遠赤外線熱分解炉
61 消臭装置
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a chimney dismantling method for an incineration plant, and more particularly to a technique suitable for removing a chimney inner wall in which harmful substances such as dioxins and heavy metals are accumulated in a waste incineration plant or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, chimneys attached to incinerators (hereinafter, also simply referred to as chimneys) contain soot and dioxins and heavy metals contained in fly ash discharged from the incinerators, which are harmful to the human body. It adheres to the surface of the refractory brick that constitutes it, adheres to the surface of the refractory brick over time, and impregnates the surface layer.
[0003]
Therefore, when the chimney is dismantled, the scattered dust contains these harmful substances, and the dismantling worker must work in a suspended state with fully equipped equipment such as a space suit to prevent damage. It was difficult to work for a long time in a narrow chimney, and the working environment and working efficiency were extremely poor. In addition, dust and scattered substances have a bad influence on the surrounding environment. For this reason, there are many cases where demolition work has been postponed with postponement.
[0004]
On the other hand, since the Law Concerning Special Measures against Dioxins was enacted, measures to prevent contamination of dioxins from waste disposal have been promoted, and efforts have been made to prevent workers from being exposed to dioxins. When dismantling chimneys, there is a demand for a dismantling method that does not cause damage to workers and the surrounding environment by harmful substances.
[0005]
There is a method of dismantling the chimney attached to this kind of incineration plant by cleaning the inner wall where harmful substances are accumulated and removing the cleaned chimney by sewing method, etc. have. (See Patent Document 1).
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-121906 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The method described in Patent Literature 1 has a problem that a large amount of cleaning wastewater containing harmful substances that cleans the surface of the refractory brick on the inner wall of the chimney is generated. Further, even if the harmful substances on the surface can be cleaned, it is difficult to completely clean the harmful substances impregnated inside the refractory brick.
[0008]
In addition, equipment for detoxifying cleaning wastewater containing harmful substances is required.When heat and decompose wastes to detoxify them, it is common for the objects to be treated to be solids, liquids or powders. The body also has the problem of being difficult to apply.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to disassemble a firebrick on a chimney inner wall to which harmful substances are adhered without using washing water and ensuring the safety of workers and the surrounding environment.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention forms an airtight chamber at the base of a chimney attached to an incineration plant, installs a refractory brick automatic removal device remotely controlled in the chimney, and opens the opening of the chimney top. Closed, refractory bricks constituting the chimney inner wall to which soot and fly ash containing harmful substances discharged from the incineration plant, was dismantled by the refractory brick automatic removal device and collapsed into the hermetic chamber, and the collapsed The method is characterized in that the refractory brick pieces are crushed by remote control in the hermetic chamber into a crushed product, and after removing dust in the air sucked from the hermetic chamber, the air is circulated in the chimney. It is.
[0011]
According to the method of the present invention, an airtight room including a chimney and a chimney base is shut off from the outside, and a refractory brick to which a harmful substance is attached is employed without using water or a chemical solution. At the same time, in the airtight room, the work of crushing the refractory brick pieces to a certain size or less can be done by remote operation, so that chimney dismantling work can be done in a short construction period without polluting the workers and the surrounding environment. it can.
[0012]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The outline of the embodiment of the present invention is that the airtight chamber 2 is configured by using the old draft fan room usually installed at the base of the chimney 1 of the incineration plant, the opening at the top of the chimney is closed with the cover 3, and the inside of the chimney is closed. The remote-controlled automatic refractory brick removing device 4 is installed, and the refractory bricks 5 constituting the chimney inner wall are crushed and fall into the airtight chamber 2 at the base of the chimney.
[0013]
Next, the refractory brick pieces and dust that have collapsed are collected by an unmanned excavator 6 or an unmanned suction machine 7 which is remotely operated, and turned into a crushed material having a certain size or less which can be easily handled by the crusher 8. Further, a duct 9 is provided between the airtight chamber 2 at the base of the chimney and the opening at the top of the chimney to form a circulation path for the internal air, thereby providing a closed space in which dust and the like are prevented from leaking to the outside (the unmanned dismantling in FIG. 1). system).
[0014]
The crushed material and dust of the refractory brick 5 contain harmful substances such as dioxins and heavy metals, and the crushed material can be transported under strict control. In the present invention, the following steps are further employed. {Circle around (1)} A granulation step in which water is added to the above-mentioned pulverized material or dust to granulate, for example, into pellets (a granulation system in FIG. 2A). {Circle around (2)} A step of pyrolyzing the granulated material with, for example, a far-infrared ray pyrolyzer to render it harmless (the pyrolysis system of FIG. 2B).
[0015]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an unmanned dismantling system. The old draft fan room usually installed at the base of the chimney is closed, and the opening at the top of the chimney is closed with a cover 3 to form the airtight chamber 2. Old attractant blower chamber, to place the entire amount of the gas discharged from the disposed chimney base incinerator blower to attract the chimney 1 (e.g. 15~37KW grade), with a considerable size of the order of 100 to 400 m 2 Since it is an independent room, it is suitable for remodeling into an airtight work room.
[0016]
On the other hand, the automatic refractory brick removing device 4 suspended by the self-standing crane 10 installed near the chimney 1 is suspended from the top opening of the chimney into the inside of the chimney. Further, a monitor room 11 in which the automatic refractory brick removing apparatus 4 is remotely operated and monitored, and a power supply and the like are installed, and a compressor 12 for sending compressed air to the automatic refractory brick removing apparatus 4 are disposed near the chimney.
[0017]
3 to 5 show an automatic refractory brick removing apparatus. FIG. 3 is a side view of the automatic refractory brick removing device installed at the top of the chimney, FIG. 4 is a side view of the automatic refractory brick removing device located at the base of the chimney whose diameter is larger than the top, and FIG. It is a top view of an apparatus.
[0018]
As shown in these figures, the automatic refractory brick removing device 4 has a main body made of a steel material, a plurality of arms 15 for abutting and holding the concrete inner peripheral wall of the chimney 1 main body, and a refractory brick configuring the chimney inner wall. A disassembly tool 16 for breaking down 5, a monitor television camera 17 for observing the disassembly state, an illumination lamp, and the like are provided.
[0019]
The arm 15 is constituted by an air cylinder which can be extended and contracted by the above-described compressed air. When the arm 15 is fixed in position, it is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the chimney.
[0020]
The dismantling tool 16 is disposed at the lower part of the main body of the automatic refractory brick removing apparatus 4 and is freely rotated and driven by an electric motor 18 in the chimney inner circumferential direction with respect to the fixed main body of the apparatus, and the tool head 19 is turned up and down. The tool head 19 comes into contact with a fire-resistant brick wall, and is caused to expand and contract by compressed air to break down. The reaction force generated by the operation of the dismantling tool 16 is supported by the arm 15 abutting on the inner wall.
[0021]
The dismantling tool 16 can be a commercially available tool. Further, a monitor television camera 17 and an illumination lamp are installed in association with the dismantling tool 16, and an air nozzle 20 for blowing out cleaning air for blowing out dust adhering to the lens of the television camera 17 is also provided.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 3, the chimney inner wall generally includes a chimney main body 21 made of concrete and a refractory brick wall stacked on the inner periphery thereof. Between the refractory brick wall and the inner peripheral wall of the chimney main body 21, This is a heat insulating space in which the connecting members 22 are arranged in some places. Therefore, it is easy to break down only the refractory brick wall by the dismantling tool 16.
[0023]
In addition, the automatic refractory brick removing device 4 includes a hanging tool 24 for hanging a hanging wire 23 for hanging the chain in and out of the chimney, a driving air hose 25 for driving the arm 15 and the dismantling tool 16. A rotary joint for rotating the electric motor 18 fixed to the apparatus body in a circumferential direction of the disassembling tool 16, including an air hose 26 for cleaning the lens of the television camera, an electric motor 18 and a power cable 27 for illumination. 28, a current collector 29, and the like.
[0024]
The automatic refractory brick removing device 4 described above is lifted by the lifting wires 23 of the crane 10 and positioned at the top of the chimney. On the other hand, a plurality of (four in FIG. 5) wire drums 31 around which the attitude control wires 30 are wound are installed at the top of the chimney, and each of the wires 30 is attached to the automatic refractory brick removing device 4. In the chimney, the refractory brick automatic removing device 4 is lowered by the hanging wire 23 of the crane 10, the rotation of the plurality of wire drums 31 is adjusted to correct the posture, and the dismantling tool 16 is driven to move the refractory brick 5 into the chimney. To collapse.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 1, the refractory brick pieces that have collapsed and accumulated at the chimney base in the airtight chamber 2 are transported by a remotely operated unmanned excavator 6 and sent to a crusher 8 via a transport conveyor. . Dust in the airtight room and small pieces of the firebrick 5 are also sucked by the remotely operated unmanned suction machine 7 and sent to the crusher 8 via the transport conveyor. The crusher 8 crushes the refractory brick pieces and the like to a certain size or less.
[0026]
The collapsed refractory brick pieces have a size of about one refractory brick (50 × 70 × 100 mm) or a large number of fragments thereof, and are at most about two to three pieces of refractory brick. In this example, these are pulverized into a pulverized product having a size of about 2 to 3 mm by the pulverizer 8. In this example, this pulverized material is fed to the next granulation step. However, if necessary, the pulverized material can be sealed in a predetermined container and carried out in an airtight chamber.
[0027]
In order to facilitate unattended operation, a temporary stage 32 is assembled in the hermetic chamber 2 in consideration of a level, an inclination, and the like as necessary. In addition, the remote control of the unmanned excavator 6 and the unmanned suction machine 7 can be performed by installing a TV camera in the airtight room 2 and operating the monitor room 11, or by using a window such as a transparent acrylic plate or a tempered glass in the airtight room 2. It is also possible to install a wall and perform remote control while observing the inside of the airtight chamber 2.
[0028]
In this example, as shown in FIG. 1, a duct 9 extending from the hermetic chamber 2 to the top of the chimney was installed, and a bag filter 33, an activated carbon adsorption facility 34 using powdered activated carbon, and the like were arranged on the way. Since the interior of the airtight chamber 2 is expected to be filled with dust, the room air is sucked by the blower 35 via the duct 9, the dust in the air is removed by the bag filter 33, and the fine particles passing through the bag filter 33 are removed. Is removed by the activated carbon adsorption equipment 34.
[0029]
The air from which dust and the like have been removed is circulated from the top of the chimney into the hermetic chamber 2, and the inside is slightly depressurized so that the internal air does not leak to the outside. Further, by repeating this circulation, the air in the airtight room is purified. In this example, the dust collected by the bag filter 33 and the activated carbon to which the fine particles removed by the activated carbon adsorption equipment 34 adhere are solidified together with the pulverized material in the next granulation step.
[0030]
In addition, in the dismantling work of the refractory brick, if floating substances such as dust are filled in the air in the airtight room, if necessary, use an unmanned water sprayer or the like to wet the refractory brick or its crushed pieces in advance. It is good to perform water spraying.
[0031]
Even after the refractory brick pieces and the like in the airtight chamber are removed, the circulation of the air inside the airtight chamber is repeated, whereby the suspended matter in the air is removed by the bag filter or the activated carbon adsorption tower, and the air becomes clean. When the airtight chamber is finally dismantled and removed, walls and floors are moistened with water spray, dust is collected by a suction cleaner or a broom, and the dust is mixed into a bag or a granulation system at a later stage.
[0032]
Further, dust that is stuck in the airtight chamber is cleaned by appropriately employing high-pressure jet cleaning or the like as needed. In this case, since the amount of the washing wastewater is limited, the treatment is easy. In the present invention, it can be suitably used as it is as water added for granulating the pulverized product in the following granulation system. That is, the processing cost of the cleaning wastewater can be reduced by mixing the cleaning wastewater containing harmful substances and the pulverized material into granules.
[0033]
In addition, the concrete chimney main body after removing the refractory brick 5 to which the harmful substances are adhered is dismantled downward in order to chew from the edge of the opening at the top, or divided by a sewing method or the like. Can be dismantled.
[0034]
Next, the granulation system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The pulverized material pulverized to a certain size in the unmanned dismantling system of FIG. 1 is passed through a magnetic separator 40 to remove iron as necessary. Even if there is iron (for example, nails or wires), the amount is extremely small, and it is strictly controlled and carried out, and detoxification processing such as washing is performed.
[0035]
Thereafter, the pulverized material is temporarily stored in the storage tank 41. Next, a fixed amount is finely pulverized to a particle size of 1 mm or less, for example, by a fine pulverizer 43 via a quantifier 42, and is fed to a mixer 45 for measuring and granulating a predetermined amount by a measuring device 44.
[0036]
Dust collected by the bag filter 33 shown in FIG. 1 and powdered activated carbon to which fine particles are adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption unit 34 are also sent to the hopper 46, respectively. In particular, in the present embodiment, the ceramic 47 is supplied to the hopper 46 in order to mix the ceramic in the granulation step in consideration of the thermal decomposition using far-infrared rays in the next step of the thermal decomposition system.
[0037]
A predetermined amount is also sent to the mixer 45 from the hopper 46 via the quantifier 48 and the measuring device 49. In a mixer 45, water 50 is added and mixed, and a granulator 51 granulates into a solid having a predetermined shape. In this example, the pellets are granulated into pellets having a size of about 5φ × 10 to 13 mm, but the shape of the granules is arbitrary. In addition, as the water 50, the cleaning drainage used in the above-mentioned airtight room, the cleaning drainage generated in the place, and the like can be used.
[0038]
At this stage, the solidified granules can be stored and carried out in a predetermined container, and can be stored or processed. In the present invention, the pellets are sent to the next step of a pyrolysis system and decomposed by heating to detoxify the pellets.
[0039]
In general, a pyrolysis apparatus such as a pyrolysis furnace is intended for solid matter. This is because when the object to be processed is a liquid or a powder, the thermal efficiency is extremely poor as compared with a solid. In the present invention, the finely pulverized refractory brick is granulated into a solid such as a pellet, for example, so that the thermal decomposition system in the next step can perform detoxification by thermal decomposition of the pulverized solid of the refractory brick. I made it.
[0040]
In FIG. 2A, the pieces of the pellets classified in the next pyrolysis step and the dust generated in devices such as a storage tank in each system are collected by the cyclone 64 and collected by the mixer 45. I did it.
[0041]
FIG. 2B shows a pyrolysis system according to the present invention. The pellets granulated in the granulation step are firstly removed by a classifier 52 to remove granules or fragments having a predetermined particle size or less, weighed by a measuring device 53, and then stored in a storage tank 54.
[0042]
In this embodiment, a weighing device and a quantitative meter are provided at various places. For example, the metering device 53 is provided for managing the unit throughput of the pyrolysis system (per hour, per day, per month, etc.), but these devices can be omitted as necessary. . In addition, a transport conveyor or pneumatic transport is appropriately used for transporting the workpiece between the respective devices.
[0043]
In the storage tank 54, the air from the blower 55 is blown into hot air by a hot air generator 56 so that the pellets do not agglomerate. In this way, a certain amount of the pellets in the storage tank is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 58 via the meter 57 in accordance with the capacity of the pyrolysis furnace 58. In this example, a far-infrared pyrolysis furnace that heats the inside of the furnace with far-infrared rays is used as the pyrolysis furnace 58.
[0044]
In the pellets supplied into the furnace heated to about 700 ° C. by the far infrared rays, the ceramics 47 mixed in the granulation process are scattered inside the pellets, and the efficiency of heat transfer to the inside of the pellets through the ceramics is improved. Then, the dioxins contained therein are thermally decomposed, and the heavy metals encapsulated in the pellets are not finally eluted out of the pellets. The powder granules obtained by finely pulverizing the refractory bricks 5 to which the harmful substances are attached are discharged from the pyrolysis furnace 58 as harmless pellets and can be finally disposed.
[0045]
Further, the pyrolysis gas (for example, 700 ° C.) generated in the pyrolysis furnace 58 may contain odors and contain harmful substances, and is sucked by the blower 59 and cooled by the cooling device 60 (for example, 200 ° C.). The auxiliary fuel 62 is burned (for example, at 1300 ° C.) by the burner 63 in the odor device 61 to burn odors and harmful substances, and is converted into a clean gas and released to the atmosphere. The air from which dust has been removed by the cyclone 64 is also supplied to the deodorizing device 61 to burn harmful substances in the air and render the air harmless.
[0046]
As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a very simple construction method in which the refractory brick 5 on which the harmful substances on the inner wall of the chimney of the incineration plant are fixed and impregnated is broken down by the automatically operated refractory brick removal device 4. Adopted and crushed in the unpopular closed room 2 that is isolated from the outside, so that not only workers, but also groundwater contamination by washing and drainage, and contamination of the surrounding environment by dust and scattered matter are prevented. Can be shortened.
[0047]
In addition, by temporarily installing a granulation system and a pyrolysis system in the demolition site, fired bricks can be turned into granules that are easy to handle and carried out, and the granulated materials can be rendered harmless by the pyrolysis system. It is possible to perform consistent processing from dismantling to detoxification at the dismantling site in a short construction period. In particular, by mixing and granulating ceramic powder, detoxification by heating in a far-infrared pyrolysis furnace is promoted.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in an incinerator or the like, it is possible to disassemble the refractory bricks on the inner wall of the chimney to which harmful substances are fixed without using washing water and ensuring the safety of workers and the surrounding environment. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of an unmanned dismantling system of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a granulation system of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a pyrolysis system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing an example of the automatic refractory brick removing apparatus 4 according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of the automatic refractory brick removing apparatus 4 according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a top view showing an example of the automatic refractory brick removing apparatus 4 according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Incinerator chimney 2 Airtight room 4 Automatic refractory brick removal device 5 Refractory brick 6 Unmanned excavator 7 Unmanned suction machine 8 Duct 10 Duct 10 Freestanding crane 11 Monitor room 15 Arm 16 Demolition tool 21 Concrete chimney main body 30 Attitude control Wire 33 Bag filter 34 Activated carbon adsorption equipment 43 Fine pulverizer 45 Mixer 47 Ceramic 51 Granulator 58 Far infrared pyrolysis furnace 61 Deodorizer

Claims (5)

焼却場に付設された煙突の基部に気密室を形成し、前記煙突内に遠隔操作される耐火レンガ自動除去装置を設置して該煙突頂部の開口を密閉し、前記焼却場から排出された有害物質を含む煤や飛灰が付着した煙突内壁を構成する耐火レンガを、前記耐火レンガ自動除去装置によって解体して前記気密室内に崩落させ、該崩落した耐火レンガ片を前記気密室内で遠隔操作によって粉砕して粉砕物にするとともに、前記気密室内から吸引した空気中の粉塵を除去した後、該空気を前記煙突内に循環させることを特徴とする焼却場の煙突解体工法。An airtight chamber is formed at the base of the chimney attached to the incineration plant, an automatic refractory brick removal device that is remotely operated is installed in the chimney, the opening at the top of the chimney is sealed, and the harmful substances discharged from the incineration plant are removed. Refractory bricks constituting the chimney inner wall to which soot and fly ash containing substances are attached are dismantled by the refractory brick automatic removal device and collapsed into the hermetic room, and the collapsed refractory brick pieces are remotely operated in the hermetic room. A method for dismantling a chimney in an incineration plant, wherein the air is circulated in the chimney after pulverizing to a pulverized material, removing dust in air sucked from the airtight chamber, and circulating the air in the chimney. 前記耐火レンガ自動除去装置は、前記煙突の頂部開口から吊り下げられ、前記煙突本体の内壁に当接させる伸縮自在な複数のアームと、前記耐火レンガを破砕する破砕手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼却場の煙突解体工法。The refractory brick automatic removing device is characterized by having a plurality of telescopic arms suspended from the top opening of the chimney and brought into contact with the inner wall of the chimney main body, and crushing means for crushing the refractory brick. The method for dismantling a chimney of an incineration plant according to claim 1. 前記気密室内で粉砕した粉砕物を、微粉砕したのち水分を添加して造粒物を形成する造粒工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の焼却場の煙突解体工法。The method according to claim 1, further comprising a granulating step of pulverizing the pulverized material crushed in the airtight chamber and then adding water to form a granulated material. 前記造粒工程で添加する水分に、前記気密室で任意に使用した洗浄水の排水を使用することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の焼却場の煙突解体工法。The method for dismantling a chimney in an incineration plant according to claim 3, wherein drainage of washing water arbitrarily used in the airtight chamber is used as the water to be added in the granulation step. 前記造粒工程で前記造粒物にセラミックを混入し、該セラミックを混入した造粒物を熱分解する熱分解工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の焼却場の煙突解体工法。The method for dismantling a chimney in an incineration plant according to claim 3, further comprising a pyrolysis step of mixing ceramic into the granulated material in the granulating step and thermally decomposing the granulated material mixed with the ceramic. 5.
JP2002299271A 2002-10-11 2002-10-11 Demolition method of chimney for incineration plant Pending JP2004132657A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006087775A (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Kankyo Kosan:Kk Method and device for decomposing dioxins
CN115492398A (en) * 2022-09-14 2022-12-20 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 On-site assembling construction method for cooling granulation tower

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006087775A (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Kankyo Kosan:Kk Method and device for decomposing dioxins
CN115492398A (en) * 2022-09-14 2022-12-20 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 On-site assembling construction method for cooling granulation tower

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