JP2004116260A - Construction method for treating sludge - Google Patents

Construction method for treating sludge Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004116260A
JP2004116260A JP2002285152A JP2002285152A JP2004116260A JP 2004116260 A JP2004116260 A JP 2004116260A JP 2002285152 A JP2002285152 A JP 2002285152A JP 2002285152 A JP2002285152 A JP 2002285152A JP 2004116260 A JP2004116260 A JP 2004116260A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sludge
bottom mud
slag
bag
polluted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002285152A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masaharu Fukue
福江 正治
Kazuo Oki
大木 和夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AOKI MARINE CO Ltd
KOA KAIHATSU KK
Japan Industrial Land Development Co Ltd
Nippon Kaiko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
AOKI MARINE CO Ltd
KOA KAIHATSU KK
Japan Industrial Land Development Co Ltd
Nippon Kaiko Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AOKI MARINE CO Ltd, KOA KAIHATSU KK, Japan Industrial Land Development Co Ltd, Nippon Kaiko Co Ltd filed Critical AOKI MARINE CO Ltd
Priority to JP2002285152A priority Critical patent/JP2004116260A/en
Publication of JP2004116260A publication Critical patent/JP2004116260A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method for treating sludge, which eliminates difficulty in finding a place for disposing of the polluted sludge, even if the polluted sludge is dredged, which prevents the occurrence of hydrogen sulfide, which can improve water quality by reducing phosphorus, nitrogen, etc., and which enables the cut-off of a food chain from the bottom of water, polluted with a harmful substance. <P>SOLUTION: A gently sloping revetment is formed by laying transparent bags, filled with the polluted sludge, all over a prescribed place; next, slag from steelmaking and/or granulated blast furnace slag and/is laid and levelled off on the gently sloping revetment; the sludge is consolidated for settlement; the quality of ambient water is improved with filtration of drainage from the sludge; and after that, the sludge is covered with sandy soil according to need, so that a submarine forest can be created. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、有害・汚染物質を含み、あるいは硫化水素等を発生する底泥が堆積する湾内や湖沼、河川等の底質を改善し、かつ水質を浄化する底泥処理工法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、このような場所の底質改善法としては、浚渫を行って底泥を除去したり、更に浚渫後に良質土と置換する工法や、底泥上に砂をまいて敷き均す覆砂工法等が一般に行われている。
【0003】
しかし、浚渫による方法は浚渫泥の捨て場所の確保が非常に困難であり、土捨て場では新たな公害発生の原因ともなってしまう。また、覆砂工法は底泥を除去するものではないので、有害物質が溶出する虞れがあり、食物連鎖に悪影響を及ぼす危険もある。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、汚染された底泥を浚渫するものの、その捨て場所に困ることがなく、硫化水素の発生を防止し、リンや窒素(N)等の溶出を減少させて、水質を保全し、しかも汚染された水底からの食物連鎖も断絶することができる底泥処理工法を提案するものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、浚渫した底泥を麻袋や綿袋等の透水性かつ生分解可能な袋体に詰め、これを再び浚渫個所に戻して敷き詰め、しかる後にその上に製鋼スラグ及び又は水砕スラグを敷き均すのである。
【0006】
これにより、まず汚染された底泥は麻袋等の袋体にパックされて生物との接触が阻止されるので、水底での食物連鎖による有害物質の蓄積を断絶することができる。
【0007】
また、袋体は、その上側のスラグ(鉱滓)が上載荷重として作用するので、それ自体が排水路となって底泥の水分を排出するドレーン効果が生じ、袋体の底泥を圧密沈下させて底泥からの排水を促進し、底泥の大幅な減容化及び圧密時間の短縮を図ることができる。なお、有害物質は底泥の土粒子に強く吸着されているので、袋体からの排水中には有害物質は溶出しない。
【0008】
更に、底泥上の多孔質スラグは海水及び底泥からの排水の浄化を行う。例えば、製鋼スラグは硫化水素を硫化鉄に変えて安定させ、水砕スラグはその細孔に付着した微生物により有機物を分解し、また含まれる鉄分によって富栄養化をもたらすリンを吸着し、同時にろ過によって海水中のSS(浮遊物質)を除去する。そして、上記のようにして袋体の底泥が減容化され圧密沈下したら、必要により砂質土を覆砂する。これにより底生生物の生活環境を整え、またアマモ等の藻場造成に適した環境を整備して、自然浄化機能の向上を図ることも可能となる。
以下、本発明の実施形態を図により説明する。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
図は、一例として、比較的海水交換の少ない湾内や汽水湖の沿岸部に堆積する底泥を処理する場合の工程説明図である。
【0010】
まず、改良区域の汚染された底泥5を浚渫船により浚渫し、この底泥を多数の麻袋1(例えば、直径30〜40cm×長さ3〜4mの円筒状のもの)に詰める。なお、透水性で生分解性の素材であれば、麻袋に代えて綿袋やトウモロコシ繊維による袋等を使用することもできる。
【0011】
浚渫に際しては、あらかじめ浚渫底泥5の層厚を調査し、例えば1〜2mの厚さで浚渫して緩やかな傾斜とする。
【0012】
次に、底泥をパック詰めした多数の麻袋1を専用型枠により(あるいは潜水夫によって)その改良区域内の水底に戻し敷き均して緩傾斜の護岸を形成して行く(図1参照)。
【0013】
次に、クレーン船又は潜水夫によりこの緩傾斜護岸の上側に土のう袋又は蛇篭に詰めた製鋼スラグ2を敷き詰め、更にその上に土のう袋に詰めた水砕スラグ3を敷き均す(図2)。製鋼スラグと水砕スラグの2層構造は汚染状況により選択されるもので、いずれか1層であってもよい。また、これらスラグは必ずしも土のう袋や蛇篭に詰める必要はなく、そのまま均一に散布してもよい。
【0014】
このような層構造にすると、スラグの荷重と麻袋のドレーン作用により、袋詰めされた底泥からの排水が始まり、底泥は圧密され減容化されて行く。なお、圧密速度は排水距離の2乗に反比例して速くなる。
【0015】
この時、底泥からの排水は麻袋やスラグによりろ過される。また、このスラグは微多孔性で微生物が付着しているので、有機物を分解する作用があり、SSをろ過によって除去する。また、製鋼スラグは底泥から発生する硫化水素を硫化鉄に変え、水砕スラグはその鉄分によって富栄養化の因となるリンを吸着するので、波や潮の干満差により海水が浄化されて行く。
【0016】
上記のようにして圧密沈下が進行した時点で、スラグ2、3上に例えば層厚20〜80cm程度で砂質土4を敷設する(図3)。この場合、覆砂の前に必要によりスラグ層を撤去してもよい。覆砂した砂質土は藻場造成の土壌となるもので、底泥からの有機物質の溶出も防止する。なお、覆砂後、ろ過専用船や台船上に設置した浄化ユニットにより更に直接水質の浄化を行ってもよい。
【0017】
このようにして改良区域内の水質浄化が行われた後、砂質土にアマモ等の海草を植生すれば、多様な生態系が形成され、海域浄化に寄与することになる。例えば、微生物によって分解された細かい有機物は貝類やゴカイ、甲殻類等の栄養源となり、藻場を構成する植物の表面には珪藻などの小型の付着藻類が生育し、これを餌にヨコエビ類やワレカラ類、アミ類などが集まり、更にこれらを餌とする幼稚魚や小魚、無せき椎動物が住みついて生態系が形成され、自然浄化機能を有する砂浜海岸が再生されることになる。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法は上述のようにしてなり、次のような効果を有する。
(1)浚渫した汚染底泥を現場で処分、即ち麻袋等の透水性袋に詰めて、浚渫個所に戻すので、処分場が不要であり、新たな公害を発生させることがなく、経済面でも有利であり、また袋詰めにより生物との接触が断絶され、食物連鎖による有害物質の蓄積が防止される。
【0019】
(2)袋詰めした底泥の上側にスラグ(製鋼スラグ、水砕スラグ)を敷き均すことにより、底泥が圧密、減容化され、底泥からの排水は麻袋やスラグによりろ過され、硫化水素の発生を防止し、SSやリンを除去して富栄養化の対策が図られることとなり、海水が浄化される。また、重金属等の汚染堆積物の処分も可能となる。しかも、底泥を詰める袋に麻袋等の生分解性のものを使用することにより、底泥の圧密沈化後に有機分解され消滅することとなる。
【0020】
(3)さらに、底泥の圧密沈化後に砂質土を覆砂して、藻場造成を行うことにより、自然浄化機能を備えた好環境の砂浜海岸を再生することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る底泥処理工法の工程の一部を示す説明図で、底泥を浚渫後、袋詰めした底泥を敷き均しながら緩傾斜護岸を形成している状態を示している。
【図2】本発明に係る底泥処理工法の工程の一部を示す説明図で、上記袋詰めした底泥上に製鋼スラグ及び水砕スラグを敷き均している状態を示している。
【図3】本発明に係る底泥処理工法の工程の一部を示す説明図で、上記スラグ上に砂質土を覆砂した状態を示している。
【符号の説明】
1−袋詰めした底泥
2−製鋼スラグ
3−水砕スラグ
4−砂質土
5−汚染底泥
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a bottom mud treatment method for improving sediment in bays, lakes, marshes, rivers and the like where sediment containing harmful and polluting substances or generating hydrogen sulfide or the like is deposited, and purifying water quality.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, methods for improving the sediment quality in such places include dredging to remove sediment, further replacing with good quality soil after dredging, and sand-covering method in which sand is spread over the sediment and leveled. Etc. are generally performed.
[0003]
However, the dredging method makes it very difficult to secure a place for dumping mud, and this may cause new pollution at the dump site. In addition, since the sand covering method does not remove bottom mud, harmful substances may be eluted, and there is a risk of adversely affecting the food chain.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention, though dredging contaminated sediment, does not have a problem in its disposal place, prevents the generation of hydrogen sulfide, reduces the elution of phosphorus and nitrogen (N), etc., conserves water quality, Moreover, the present invention proposes a method of treating bottom sediment that can break the food chain from the contaminated water bottom.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, the dredged bottom mud is packed in a water-permeable and biodegradable bag body such as a hemp bag or a cotton bag, and this is returned to the dredging place and spread, and thereafter, steelmaking slag and / or granulated slag are further placed thereon. Spread them out.
[0006]
As a result, the contaminated bottom mud is first packed in a bag such as a hemp bag to prevent contact with living organisms, so that accumulation of harmful substances due to the food chain at the water bottom can be cut off.
[0007]
In addition, since the slag (mine slag) on the upper side of the bag acts as an overload, the drain itself becomes a drainage channel, and a drain effect of discharging the water of the bottom mud occurs, thereby consolidating and sinking the bottom mud of the bag. Thus, drainage from the bottom mud can be promoted, and the volume of the bottom mud can be significantly reduced and the compaction time can be shortened. Since the harmful substances are strongly adsorbed to the soil particles of the bottom mud, the harmful substances do not elute in the wastewater from the bag.
[0008]
Further, the porous slag on the bottom mud purifies seawater and wastewater from the bottom mud. For example, steelmaking slag converts hydrogen sulfide to iron sulfide to stabilize it, and granulated slag decomposes organic matter by microorganisms attached to its pores, and adsorbs phosphorus that causes eutrophication by the iron contained, and simultaneously filters To remove SS (suspended matter) in seawater. Then, when the bottom mud of the bag body is reduced in volume and compacted and settled as described above, the sandy soil is covered if necessary. This makes it possible to improve the living environment of benthic organisms and to improve the natural purification function by preparing an environment suitable for creating seagrass beds such as eelgrass beds.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The figure is a process explanatory diagram in the case of treating sediment deposited in a bay where seawater exchange is relatively small or in a coastal part of a brackish lake as an example.
[0010]
First, the contaminated bottom mud 5 in the improvement area is dredged by a dredger, and the bottom mud is packed into a large number of hemp bags 1 (for example, a cylindrical one having a diameter of 30 to 40 cm and a length of 3 to 4 m). In addition, as long as it is a water-permeable and biodegradable material, a cotton bag or a bag made of corn fiber may be used instead of the hemp bag.
[0011]
At the time of dredging, the layer thickness of the dredging bottom mud 5 is checked in advance, and dredging is performed with a thickness of, for example, 1 to 2 m to form a gentle slope.
[0012]
Next, a large number of hemp bags 1 packed with bottom mud are laid back on the water bottom in the improved area by a dedicated formwork (or by a diver) to form a gently sloped seawall (see FIG. 1). .
[0013]
Next, a steelmaking slag 2 packed in a sandbag or a gabion is spread over the gentle slope revetment by a crane ship or a diver, and the granulated slag 3 packed in the sandbag is further spread thereon (FIG. 2). . The two-layer structure of the steelmaking slag and the granulated slag is selected depending on the contamination status, and may be any one layer. Further, these slags do not necessarily need to be packed in a sandbag or a gabion, and may be evenly sprayed.
[0014]
With such a layer structure, drainage from the packed bottom mud starts due to the load of the slag and the drain action of the hemp bag, and the bottom mud is compacted and reduced in volume. The consolidation speed increases in inverse proportion to the square of the drainage distance.
[0015]
At this time, drainage from the bottom mud is filtered by hemp bags and slag. Further, since this slag is microporous and has microorganisms attached thereto, it has an action of decomposing organic substances, and removes SS by filtration. In addition, steelmaking slag converts hydrogen sulfide generated from bottom mud into iron sulfide, and granulated slag adsorbs phosphorus that causes eutrophication by its iron content, so seawater is purified by waves and tides. go.
[0016]
When the consolidation settlement proceeds as described above, the sandy soil 4 is laid on the slags 2 and 3 with, for example, a layer thickness of about 20 to 80 cm (FIG. 3). In this case, the slag layer may be removed before the sand cover as necessary. The covered sandy soil is used as a soil for seaweed beds and prevents the elution of organic substances from the bottom mud. After sand covering, the water quality may be further directly purified by a purification unit installed on a boat dedicated to filtration or a barge.
[0017]
After purifying the water in the improved area in this way, if vegetation such as eelgrass is vegetated on the sandy soil, various ecosystems will be formed, which will contribute to the purification of the sea area. For example, fine organic matter decomposed by microorganisms becomes a nutrient source for shellfish, mosquitoes, crustaceans, etc., and small attached algae such as diatoms grow on the surface of the plants that make up the seaweed beds, and feed on this to feed shrimp and The creatures and the mysids gather, and furthermore, juvenile fish, small fish, and pestless vertebrates that feed on them gather to form an ecosystem and regenerate the sandy beach with a natural purification function.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
The method of the present invention is as described above, and has the following effects.
(1) The dredged contaminated sediment is disposed of at the site, ie, packed in a water-permeable bag such as hemp bag, and returned to the dredging area. Therefore, no disposal site is required, and no new pollution is generated. Advantageously, bagging breaks contact with living organisms and prevents the accumulation of harmful substances through the food chain.
[0019]
(2) By spreading slag (steel making slag, granulated slag) on the upper side of the bagged bottom mud, the bottom mud is compacted and reduced in volume, and drainage from the bottom mud is filtered by hemp bags and slag. The generation of hydrogen sulfide is prevented, SS and phosphorus are removed, and measures for eutrophication are taken, so that seawater is purified. Also, disposal of contaminated sediment such as heavy metals can be performed. In addition, by using a biodegradable bag such as a hemp bag as a bag for filling the bottom mud, the bottom mud is organically decomposed and disappears after compaction and sedimentation of the bottom mud.
[0020]
(3) Furthermore, by sand-covering the sandy soil after consolidation and sedimentation of the bottom mud and forming a seaweed bed, it becomes possible to regenerate a sandy shore in a favorable environment having a natural purification function.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a part of the steps of a bottom mud treatment method according to the present invention, showing a state in which, after dredging the bottom mud, a gentle slope revetment is formed while spreading the packed bottom mud. ing.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a part of the steps of the bottom mud treatment method according to the present invention, and shows a state in which steelmaking slag and granulated slag are spread over the bagged bottom mud.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a part of the steps of the bottom mud treatment method according to the present invention, and shows a state in which sandy soil is covered on the slag.
[Explanation of symbols]
1-bagged bottom mud 2-steel slag 3-granulated slag 4-sandy soil 5-contaminated bottom mud

Claims (3)

汚染された底泥を透水性の袋に詰めて所定個所に敷き詰め、次にその上にスラグを敷き均すことを特徴とする底泥処理工法。A bottom mud treatment method characterized by packing contaminated bottom mud in a water-permeable bag, laying it at a predetermined location, and then laying slag over it. 前記袋は麻袋、綿袋等の生分解性の袋であり、前記スラグは製鋼スラグ及び又は水砕スラグである請求項1記載の底泥処理工法。The bottom mud treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the bag is a biodegradable bag such as a hemp bag or a cotton bag, and the slag is steelmaking slag and / or granulated slag. 前記袋詰めの底泥がスラグの敷き詰めにより圧密沈下後、砂質土を覆砂し、必要により更に藻場造成を行うようにした請求項1又は2記載の底泥処理工法。The method for treating bottom mud according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said bagged bottom mud is settled by slag laying down, and then covers sandy soil, and if necessary, further creates a seaweed bed.
JP2002285152A 2002-09-30 2002-09-30 Construction method for treating sludge Pending JP2004116260A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012026197A (en) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Kajima Corp Sludge confining method and water bottom layer restraining member and water bottom layer restraining gabion used for the same
JP2015052216A (en) * 2013-09-06 2015-03-19 戸田建設株式会社 Vibration reduction method in ground environment
JP2017012958A (en) * 2015-06-29 2017-01-19 Jfeスチール株式会社 Underwater structure and construction method therefor
CN106643359A (en) * 2016-08-17 2017-05-10 中交航局第三工程有限公司 Method for treating residual silt in slope shoulder position through blasting silt extrusion

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012026197A (en) * 2010-07-26 2012-02-09 Kajima Corp Sludge confining method and water bottom layer restraining member and water bottom layer restraining gabion used for the same
JP2015052216A (en) * 2013-09-06 2015-03-19 戸田建設株式会社 Vibration reduction method in ground environment
JP2017012958A (en) * 2015-06-29 2017-01-19 Jfeスチール株式会社 Underwater structure and construction method therefor
CN106643359A (en) * 2016-08-17 2017-05-10 中交航局第三工程有限公司 Method for treating residual silt in slope shoulder position through blasting silt extrusion

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