JP2004109065A - Test piece, manufacturing method for the same and tester for fiber - Google Patents

Test piece, manufacturing method for the same and tester for fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004109065A
JP2004109065A JP2002275476A JP2002275476A JP2004109065A JP 2004109065 A JP2004109065 A JP 2004109065A JP 2002275476 A JP2002275476 A JP 2002275476A JP 2002275476 A JP2002275476 A JP 2002275476A JP 2004109065 A JP2004109065 A JP 2004109065A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
test piece
load
fiber
fibers
container
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JP2002275476A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4086287B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshitake Nishi
西 義武
Kazuya Oguri
小栗 和也
Akihiro Mizutani
水谷 明博
Sanehiro Uchida
内田 修弘
Hiroyuki Izawa
伊澤 寛之
Norihito Motai
罍 教仁
Naoki Yamaguchi
山口 直樹
Shinya Makino
牧野 眞也
Junya Oyama
大山 潤也
Takahiro Ota
太田 貴博
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Tokai University
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Tokai University
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  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a simple method, repeatably manufacture a test piece capable of surely cutting at a fiber part between clamps during a tensile test, inexpensively and conveniently measure an accurate physical value of a tensile breaking stress to the fiber and find a stress-strain curve of the fiber. <P>SOLUTION: A tensile load tester of the fiber is provided with a weighing meter 11, a beam 13 disposed and supported by posts 12a, 12b on the weighing meter 11, a load container 14 suspended at the middle point of the beam 13 through the test piece 7 and a load applying means 17 for continuously applying a load to the load container 14. As the load is continuously applied to the load container 14, a tensile load of the fiber as a component of the test piece 7 is measured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、試験片、この試験片の製作方法、及び繊維の試験機に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
周知の如く、炭素繊維は複合材料として軽量、高比強度等優れた機械的特性を有しているため、航空、宇宙、スポーツ用品分野を中心に需要を伸ばし、また一般産業用途、鉄道、自動車、土木建築等の広い分野での利用が促進される材料として定着している。
【0003】
しかしながら、繊維の細さによる試験片の作製の困難さ、繊維のねじれの影響、小荷重での破断などに問題点があるため、極細繊維の強度評価は確立していない。
【0004】
従来、炭素繊維の引張試験については、ケイ素系ブレンドポリマーの無機化により得られたSiC系繊維の引張試験が知られている(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。
【0005】
【非特許文献1】
日本金属学会講演概要、1997年春季(第120回)大会、(917)ケイ素系ブレンドポリマーの無機化により得られたSiC系繊維の特性
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明はこうした事情を考慮してなされてもので、引張試験の際、互いに離間したクランプ間の繊維部分で確実に切断できる試験片を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
また、本発明は、前記試験片を簡単な方法で再現性よく作製可能な試験片の作製方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
更に、本発明は、秤量計と、この秤量計上に支柱により支持されて配置された梁と、この梁の中点に前記試験片を介して吊り下げられた荷重容器と、この荷重容器に連続的に荷重をかける荷重負荷手段とを具備し、荷重容器に荷重を連続的にかけながら前記試験片の一構成である繊維の引張荷重を測定することにより、繊維に対して正確な値の引張破断応力の物性値を安価かつ簡便に測定しえる繊維の引張荷重試験機を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
更には、本発明は、基台と、この基台上に配置され,支柱と天秤棒と振り子とスケールを備えた天秤と、前記天秤棒の一端に吊り下げられた荷重容器と、前記天秤棒の他端に前記試験片を介して吊り下げられた試験片固定治具と、前記試験片固定治具及び基台に設置され、試験片の繊維が基台側から離れるのを制御する複数の磁石とを具備し、荷重容器に荷重をかけることにより試験片の繊維に歪が生じることを利用して、繊維の歪と引張荷重との関係を求めることにより、繊維に対して正確な値の引張破断応力の物性値や、応力−歪曲線を求めることが可能な繊維の荷重・歪試験機を提供することを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本願第1の発明に係る試験片は、繊維の荷重、あるいは荷重と歪の関係を求めるための試験片であり、前記繊維を該繊維が中央に位置するように夫々前後から接着剤を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーからなる第1クランプ部と、この第1クランプ部と離間した位置で前記繊維を該繊維が中央に位置するように夫々前後から接着剤を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーからなる第2クランプ部とを具備することを特徴とする。
【0011】
本願第2の発明に係る試験片の作製方法は、一定の大きさの開口部が開けられたコピー用紙上に、繊維を伸ばした状態で配置する工程と、前記開口部より外側寄りの前記コピー用紙上にテッシュペーパーを、接着剤を用いてコピー用紙とともに前記繊維を前後から挟んで固定する工程と、重ねられた前記コピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーに沿って試験片を残すように切り取り、繊維を中央部で前後から接着を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーからなる第1・第2クランプ部を形成する工程とを具備することを特徴とする。
【0012】
本願第3の発明に係る繊維の引張荷重試験機は、秤量計と、この秤量計上に支柱により支持されて配置された梁と、この梁の中点に請求項1記載の試験片を介して吊り下げられた荷重容器と、前記試験片に連続的に荷重をかける荷重負荷手段とを具備し、前記試験片に荷重を連続的にかけながら前記試験片の一構成である繊維の引張荷重を測定することを特徴とする。
【0013】
本願第4の発明に係る繊維の荷重・歪試験機は、基台と、この基台上に配置され,基台上に立設された支柱と該支柱の上部に軸支された天秤棒と該天秤棒の支点から下部方向にかけて垂直に延出する振り子とこの振り子の横方向の振れを観察するためのスケールを備えた天秤と、前記天秤棒の一端に吊り下げられた荷重容器と、前記天秤棒の他端に請求項1記載の試験片を介して吊り下げられた試験片固定治具と、前記試験片固定治具及び基台に設置され、試験片の繊維が基台側から離れるのを制御する複数の磁石とを具備し、荷重容器に荷重をかけることにより試験片の繊維に歪が生じることを利用して、繊維の歪と引張荷重との関係を求めることを特徴とする。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について更に詳しく説明する。
第1の発明において、前記繊維としては例えば径が約0.01〜100μmの範囲の極細繊維が挙げられるが、本発明は全ての径の繊維が適用可能である。また、コピー用紙とテッシュペーパー間に繊維を挟んで固定する際に使用される接着剤としては例えばアロンアルファが挙げられるが、これに限定されない。
【0015】
第2の発明において、第1クランプ部と第2クランプ部に相当するコピー用紙には開口部を形成する。この理由は、これは後に試験片が残るようにをコピー用紙とテッシュペーパーあるいはテッシュペーパーのみを切り取る際の作業性を良くするためである。但し、開口部は後述する図1のように楕円形状に限定されない。また、テッシュペーパーは最初から大きめにコピー用紙に接着させておいて後で切り取ってもよい。
【0016】
第3の発明において、荷重負荷手段としては、例えば水を前記試験片の繊維に伝わらせながら荷重容器に一定速度で供給する注入器が挙げられるが、これに限らず、荷重を一定速度で荷重容器に供給できるものであればよい。ここで、水を繊維に伝わらせながら荷重容器に供給するのは、試験片への衝撃緩和と試験片のねじれ防止、及び一定速度で荷重を加えるためである。
【0017】
第4の発明において、試験片固定治具はN極叉はS極が下部側を向いた第1の磁石が配置された容器であり、かつ前記試験片固定治具と対向する前記基台側でかつ第1の磁石と対向する位置に、第2の磁石が該第1の磁石と引き合うように配置されている場合が挙げられる。磁石の個数は、試験片の繊維が基台側から離れるのを制御できるならば、特に限定されない。また、荷重容器に荷重をかける手段としては、予め重さが判っている荷重片を順次荷重容器に収容するようにして荷重を増やしていってもよいし、後述する実施例2のように注入器を用いて水を荷重容器に少しずつ供給しながら荷重を増やしていってもよいく、特にこれらに限定されない。
【0018】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
本実施例1の試験片の作製方法について、図1(A),(B)を参照して説明する。
まず、略中央部に長径Lの楕円形状の開口部1が形成された白紙のコピー用紙2を用意した。次に、このコピー用紙2の上に、径が例えば6μmのカーボンファイバー(極細繊維)3を弛みの無い状態でセットした。つづいて、開口部1の外側(図面の上、下側寄り)のカーボンファイバー3を含むコピー用紙2上に、接着剤例えばアロンアルファ(図示せず)を用いて形状が横L,縦Lの長方形状のテッシュペーパー4,4を貼り付けて、カーボンファイバー3をコピー用紙2及びテッシュペーパー4,4で挟み込んで固定した(図1(A)参照)。
【0019】
次に、重ねられた前記コピー用紙2及びテッシュペーパー4,4に沿って試験片を残すよう(即ち、テッシュペーパーの形状に沿って)に切り取った。これにより、カーボンファイバー3を中央部で前後から接着を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙2及びテッシュペーパー4からなる第1クランプ部5、コピー用紙2及びテッシュペーパー4からなる第2クランプ部6を一定距離離間して形成し、試験片7を作製した(図1(B)参照)。
【0020】
このようにして作製した試験片7は、図1(B)に示すように、カーボンファイバー3と、カーボンファイバー3を該カーボンファイバー3が中央に位置するように夫々前後から接着剤を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙2及びテッシュペーパー4からなる第1クランプ部5と、この第1クランプ部5と離間した位置でカーボンファイバー3を該カーボンファイバー3が中央に位置するように夫々前後から接着剤を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙2及びテッシュペーパー4からなる第2クランプ部6とから構成されている。こうした試験片7は、引張試験の際、互いに離間した第1・第2クランプ5,6間の繊維部分で確実に切断できることができた。
また、上述した試験片は、簡単な方法で、しかも低コストで再現性よく作製することができた。
【0021】
(実施例2)
本実施例2に係る繊維の荷重引張試験機について図2を参照して説明する。
図中の符番11は、基台を兼ねるデジタル表示可能な秤量計を示す。この秤量計11上には、2本の支柱12a,12bにより支持された梁13が配置されている。この梁13の中点には、図1(B)に示す試験片7を介して荷重容器14が吊り下げられている。ここで、試験片7の一方の第1クランプ部5は梁13にクランプされ、他方の第2クランプ部6は荷重容器14を吊る吊り紐15にクランプされている。
【0022】
前記荷重容器14の上方には、水16を試験片7のカーボンファイバー3を伝わらせながら荷重容器14内に一定速度で供給できる注入器(荷重負荷手段)17が配置されている。この注入器17にはチューブ18を介して抽入器内の水位と同じレベルに保持する水平器19が連通されている。この水平器19には支持台20が連結されている。
【0023】
このように、実施例2に係る繊維の荷重引張試験機は、秤量計11と、この秤量計11上に支柱12a,12bにより支持されて配置された梁13と、この梁13の中点に試験片7を介して吊り下げられた荷重容器14と、この荷重容器14に連続的に水15を一定速度で供給して荷重をかける注入器17等を具備した構成になっている。こうした試験機では、注入器17より水15を試験片7のカーボンファイバー3に伝わらせながら荷重容器14に一定速度で水を供給することができ、もって試験片7に荷重を連続的にかけながら前記試験片の一構成である繊維の引張荷重を測定する。
【0024】
即ち、つまり、上記試験機では、荷重容器14を点で支持することにより極細繊維3のねじれを緩和し、チャック破断を最小限にすることにより、繊維自体の持つ引張破断荷重を正確に測定し、引張破断応力を簡便かつ安価に測定することができる。
【0025】
事実、JIS試験法により測定したトレカM30SC((株)東レ製の商品名)と図2の荷重引張試験機で測定したM30SCの破壊率と引張破断応力の関係を求めたところ、図4に示す結果が得られた。図4より、一般的な極細の単繊維での引張試験評価に比べて、ねじれが緩和されて、本来の引張試験が行われることにより、本来の高強度特性を引き出し、高破壊強度値が得られることが判明した。
【0026】
なお、上記実施例2では、トレカM30SCを試験片に適用した場合について述べたが、細線であれば金から炭素繊維まで自由に破壊強度の変化を評価できる。図5は、(株)ASAHI製の商品名:ASAHIカーボンファイバー(φ6μm)、(株)東レ製の商品名:トレカT800(φ6μm)、M30SC(φ6μm)、(株)日東紡製のグラスファイバー(φ11μm)、(株)ニラコ製の金線(φ5μm)における破壊率−引張破断応力との関係を示す特性図である。
【0027】
(実施例3)
本実施例3に係る繊維の荷重・歪試験機について図3(A),(B)を参照して説明する。ここで、図3(A)は荷重・歪試験機の全体図、図3(B)は後述する磁石の配置状態を示す説明図である。なお、図1、図2と同部材は同符番をふして説明を省略する。
【0028】
図中の符番21は、内部に秤量計22及び後述する磁石が設置された基台を示す。前記基台21上には天秤23が配置されている。ここで、天秤23は、前記基台21上に立設された支柱24と、この支柱24の上部に矢印X方向に回動するように支持された天秤棒25と、この天秤棒25の支点Pから下部方向にかけて垂直に延出する振り子26と、この振り子26の横方向の振れを観察するために前記支柱25の下端部に配置されたスケール27を備えている。
【0029】
前記天秤棒25には枠状の支持部材41が設けられ、この支持部材41の一端には、繊維糸28を介して荷重容器14が吊り下げられている。この荷重容器14には、予め重さが分かっている荷重片(図示せず)が収容される。前記天秤棒25の他端には前記試験片7を介して試験片固定治具29が吊り下げられている。ここで、前記試験片7の第1クランプ部5は天秤棒25の他端でクランプされ、第2クランプ部6は試験片固定治具29を吊る吊り紐30にクランプされている。
【0030】
容器状の試験片固定治具29の内側には複数の磁石31がS極を下方に向けて配置されている。また、前記磁石31に対応した前記基台21の内側上部にも図3(B)に示すように、複数の磁石32がN極を上方に向けて配置されている。これらの磁石31,32により、試験片7のカーボンファイバー3が基台側から離れるのを抑制している。
【0031】
このように、実施例3に係る繊維の荷重・歪試験機は、基台21と、この基台21上に配置され,支柱24と該支柱24に支持された天秤棒25と振り子26とスケール27を備えた天秤23と、前記天秤棒25の一端に吊り下げられた荷重容器22と、前記天秤棒25の他端に試験片7を介して吊り下げられた試験片固定治具29と、前記試験片固定治具29及び基台22に設置され、試験片7のガラスファイバー3が基台側から離れるのを制御する複数の磁石31,32とを具備した構成となっている。こうした試験機では、荷重容器28に荷重をかけることにより試験片7のカーボンファイバー3に歪が生じることを利用している。即ち、試験片7に歪が生じると、天秤23に固定した振り子26が傾くので、スケール27からそのの傾きを求め、カーボンファイバー3の歪と引張荷重との関係を求めることができる。従って、カーボンファイバー3の歪量を正確にかつ安価に測定することができる。
【0032】
事実、試験片の極細繊維としてASAHIカーボンファイバーを用いて図3に示す試験機により応力と歪との関係を求めたところ、図6に示す特性図が得られた。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように本発明によれば、引張試験の際、互いに離間したクランプ間の繊維部分で確実に切断できる試験片を提供できる。
また、本発明によれば、前記試験片を簡単な方法で再現性よく作製可能な試験片の作製方法を提供できる。
更に、本発明によれば、繊維に対して正確な値の引張破断応力の物性値を安価かつ簡便に測定しえる繊維の引張荷重試験機を提供できる。
【0034】
更には、本発明によれば、繊維に対して正確な値の引張破断応力の物性値や、応力−歪曲線を求めることが可能な繊維の荷重・歪試験機を提供できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例1に係る試験片の説明図。
【図2】本発明の実施例2に係る繊維の引張荷重試験機の説明図。
【図3】本発明の実施例3に係る繊維の荷重・歪試験機の説明図。
【図4】各種試験片を用いた場合の破壊率と引張破断応力との関係を示す特性図。
【図5】JIS試験法及び本発明で測定した試験片の破壊率と引張破断応力との関係を示す特性図。
【図6】カーボンフィルターの歪と応力との関係を示す特性図。
【符号の説明】
1…開口部、
2…コピー用紙、
3…カーボンファイバー、
,4…テッシュペーパー、
5,6…クランプ部、
7…試験片、
11,22…秤量計、
12a,12b,24…支柱、
13…梁、
14…荷重容器、
17…注入器(荷重負荷手段)、
21…基台、
23…天秤、
25…天秤棒、
26…振り子、
27…スケール、
31,32…磁石。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a test piece, a method for producing the test piece, and a fiber testing machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, carbon fiber has excellent mechanical properties, such as light weight and high specific strength, as a composite material, and therefore demand is growing mainly in the fields of aviation, space, and sports equipment, as well as general industrial uses, railways, and automobiles. Has been established as a material that promotes its use in a wide range of fields such as civil engineering and construction.
[0003]
However, there is a problem in that it is difficult to prepare a test piece due to the fineness of the fiber, the effect of twisting of the fiber, breakage under a small load, and the like. Therefore, the strength evaluation of the ultrafine fiber has not been established.
[0004]
Conventionally, as a tensile test of carbon fiber, a tensile test of a SiC-based fiber obtained by mineralizing a silicon-based blend polymer is known (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
[0005]
[Non-patent document 1]
Abstract of the Japan Institute of Metals, Spring 1997 (120th) Convention, (917) Properties of SiC-based fibers obtained by mineralization of silicon-based blended polymer
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a test piece that can be reliably cut at a fiber portion between clamps separated from each other during a tensile test.
[0007]
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a test piece that can produce the test piece in a simple manner with good reproducibility.
[0008]
Further, the present invention provides a weighing scale, a beam supported and arranged on the weighing scale by a column, a load container suspended at the midpoint of the beam via the test piece, and a continuous And a load applying means for applying a specific load, by measuring the tensile load of the fiber, which is one component of the test piece, while continuously applying a load to the load container, to obtain an accurate value of the tensile fracture of the fiber. An object of the present invention is to provide a fiber tensile load tester capable of easily and inexpensively measuring physical properties of stress.
[0009]
Further, the present invention provides a base, a balance provided on the base and having a support, a balance rod, a pendulum, and a scale, a load container suspended from one end of the balance rod, and another end of the balance rod. A test piece fixing jig suspended through the test piece, and a plurality of magnets installed on the test piece fixing jig and the base, and controlling the fibers of the test piece to separate from the base side. By using the fact that the strain of the fiber of the test piece is generated by applying a load to the load container, the relationship between the strain of the fiber and the tensile load is determined, and the tensile rupture stress of an accurate value for the fiber is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber load / strain tester capable of obtaining physical property values and stress-strain curves.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The test piece according to the first invention of the present application is a test piece for obtaining the load of the fiber, or the relationship between the load and the strain, and using an adhesive from the front and the back so that the fiber is located at the center. A first clamp portion made of copy paper and tissue paper fixed and held between the first and second clamp portions, and the fiber is sandwiched and fixed with adhesive from the front and rear so that the fiber is located at the center at a position separated from the first clamp portion; And a second clamp section made of copy paper and tissue paper.
[0011]
The method for producing a test piece according to the second invention of the present application includes a step of arranging a fiber in a stretched state on copy paper having an opening of a fixed size, and a step of arranging the copy closer to the outside than the opening. Tissue paper on paper, the step of fixing the fiber together with the copy paper using adhesive from the front and back, and cut out so as to leave a test piece along the stacked copy paper and tissue paper, the center of the fiber Forming first and second clamp portions made of copy paper and tissue paper sandwiched and fixed from front and rear by using an adhesive.
[0012]
The fiber tensile load testing machine according to the third invention of the present application is a weighing meter, a beam supported and arranged by a support on the weighing scale, and a test piece according to claim 1 at a midpoint of the beam. A suspended load container, and a load applying means for continuously applying a load to the test piece, and measuring a tensile load of a fiber, which is one configuration of the test piece, while continuously applying a load to the test piece. It is characterized by doing.
[0013]
A fiber load / strain tester according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a base, a column disposed on the base, and an upright standing on the base, and a balancing rod pivotally supported on an upper portion of the column. A balance provided with a pendulum extending vertically from the fulcrum of the balance bar to the lower direction, and a scale for observing the horizontal swing of the pendulum, a load container suspended at one end of the balance bar, and the balance bar; A test piece fixing jig suspended from the end via the test piece according to claim 1, and the test piece fixing jig and the base are installed on the base to control separation of the fiber of the test piece from the base side. A plurality of magnets are provided, and the relationship between the strain of the fiber and the tensile load is obtained by utilizing the fact that the fiber of the test piece is strained by applying a load to the load container.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
In the first invention, the fibers include, for example, ultrafine fibers having a diameter in the range of about 0.01 to 100 μm, but the present invention is applicable to fibers of all diameters. In addition, as an adhesive used when fixing the fiber between the copy paper and the tissue paper, for example, Alon Alpha is mentioned, but it is not limited to this.
[0015]
In the second invention, an opening is formed in a copy sheet corresponding to the first clamp section and the second clamp section. The reason for this is to improve the workability when cutting off the copy paper and the tissue paper or only the tissue paper so that the test piece remains later. However, the opening is not limited to an elliptical shape as shown in FIG. 1 described later. Alternatively, the tissue paper may be glued to the copy paper slightly larger from the beginning, and then cut off later.
[0016]
In the third invention, examples of the load applying means include an injector for supplying water to the load container at a constant speed while transmitting water to the fibers of the test piece. However, the invention is not limited to this. What is necessary is just to be able to supply to a container. Here, the reason why water is supplied to the load container while being transmitted to the fiber is to alleviate the impact on the test piece, prevent the twist of the test piece, and apply a load at a constant speed.
[0017]
In the fourth invention, the test piece fixing jig is a container in which a first magnet whose N pole or S pole faces the lower side is arranged, and the base side facing the test piece fixing jig is arranged. And the second magnet is arranged at a position facing the first magnet so as to attract the first magnet. The number of magnets is not particularly limited as long as the fibers of the test piece can be controlled to separate from the base. As a means for applying a load to the load container, the load may be increased by sequentially accommodating load pieces of known weight in the load container, or may be injected as in Example 2 described later. The load may be increased while gradually supplying water to the load container using a vessel, and the present invention is not particularly limited thereto.
[0018]
【Example】
(Example 1)
A method for producing a test piece according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, a blank copy sheet 2 having an elliptical opening 1 with a long diameter L formed substantially in the center was prepared. Next, a carbon fiber (ultrafine fiber) 3 having a diameter of, for example, 6 μm was set on the copy sheet 2 in a state without slack. Subsequently, on the copy paper 2 including the carbon fiber 3 outside the opening 1 (on the lower side of the drawing), the shape is set to the width L 1 and the length L 2 using an adhesive such as Aron Alpha (not shown). paste of rectangular tissue paper 4 1, 4 2, and fixed by sandwiching the carbon fibers 3 copy sheets 2 and tissue paper 4 1, 4 2 (see FIG. 1 (a)).
[0019]
Then, they cut the copying paper 2 and stacked tissue paper 4 1, 4 2 to leave the test piece along a (i.e., along the shape of the tissue paper). Accordingly, the second clamping portion made of carbon fiber 3 first clamping portion 5 which consists of copy sheets 2 and tissue paper 4 1 fixed across using an adhesive from the front and back at the center, from the copy paper 2 and tissue paper 4 2 6 were formed at a fixed distance from each other to prepare a test piece 7 (see FIG. 1B).
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1B, the test piece 7 manufactured in this manner was sandwiched between the carbon fiber 3 and the carbon fiber 3 using an adhesive from the front and rear so that the carbon fiber 3 was positioned at the center. bonded in a fixed copy sheets 2 and tissue paper 4 1 first clamping portion 5 made of a carbon fiber 3 at a position spaced apart with the first clamping portion 5 from the front and back respectively to the carbon fibers 3 is located at the center and a fixed copy sheets 2 and tissue paper 4 2 and a second clamp portion 6 which sandwich with agent. Such a test piece 7 could be reliably cut at the fiber portion between the first and second clamps 5 and 6 separated from each other during the tensile test.
Further, the above-described test piece could be manufactured by a simple method at a low cost and with good reproducibility.
[0021]
(Example 2)
The fiber load tensile tester according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
Reference numeral 11 in the figure indicates a weighing scale that can also be digitally displayed and also serves as a base. On this weighing scale 11, a beam 13 supported by two columns 12a and 12b is arranged. A load container 14 is suspended from the midpoint of the beam 13 via a test piece 7 shown in FIG. Here, one first clamp portion 5 of the test piece 7 is clamped to the beam 13, and the other second clamp portion 6 is clamped to the hanging string 15 for hanging the load container 14.
[0022]
Above the load container 14, an injector (load applying means) 17 capable of supplying water 16 at a constant rate into the load container 14 while transmitting the carbon fiber 3 of the test piece 7 is arranged. The injector 17 is connected via a tube 18 to a leveler 19 for maintaining the same level as the water level in the extractor. A support 20 is connected to the leveler 19.
[0023]
As described above, the fiber tensile tester according to the second embodiment includes the weighing device 11, the beam 13 supported on the weighing device 11 by the columns 12 a, 12 b, and the midpoint of the beam 13. The structure includes a load container 14 suspended via the test piece 7, an injector 17 for continuously supplying water 15 to the load container 14 at a constant speed and applying a load. In such a testing machine, water can be supplied to the load container 14 at a constant speed while water 15 is transmitted to the carbon fiber 3 of the test piece 7 from the injector 17, and thus the load is continuously applied to the test piece 7. The tensile load of the fiber, which is one constitution of the test piece, is measured.
[0024]
That is, in the above-described testing machine, the load container 14 is supported at points, thereby relaxing the twist of the microfiber 3 and minimizing the rupture of the chuck, thereby accurately measuring the tensile breaking load of the fiber itself. In addition, the tensile rupture stress can be measured simply and inexpensively.
[0025]
In fact, the relationship between the fracture rate and the tensile rupture stress of M30SC (trade name, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) measured by the JIS test method and M30SC measured by the load tensile tester of FIG. The result was obtained. As shown in FIG. 4, compared to the tensile test evaluation using a general ultrafine single fiber, the twist is relaxed and the original tensile test is performed. It turned out to be.
[0026]
In addition, in the above-mentioned Example 2, the case where the trading card M30SC was applied to the test piece was described. However, if the wire is thin, the change in the breaking strength can be freely evaluated from gold to carbon fiber. FIG. 5 is a trade name of ASAHI Corporation: ASAHI carbon fiber (φ6 μm); a trade name of Toray Corporation: Torayca T800 (φ6 μm); M30SC (φ6 μm); FIG. 11 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a fracture rate and a tensile rupture stress in a gold wire (φ5 μm) manufactured by Nilaco Co., Ltd.
[0027]
(Example 3)
A fiber load / strain tester according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 3A is an overall view of the load / strain tester, and FIG. 3B is an explanatory view showing an arrangement state of magnets described later. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0028]
Reference numeral 21 in the drawing indicates a base on which a weighing scale 22 and a magnet described later are installed. A balance 23 is arranged on the base 21. Here, the balance 23 includes a support 24 erected on the base 21, a balance bar 25 supported above the support 24 so as to rotate in the arrow X direction, and a fulcrum P of the balance bar 25. The pendulum 26 includes a pendulum 26 that extends vertically toward the lower side, and a scale 27 that is disposed at a lower end portion of the column 25 for observing the horizontal swing of the pendulum 26.
[0029]
The balance rod 25 is provided with a frame-shaped support member 41, and the load container 14 is suspended from one end of the support member 41 via a fiber thread 28. The load container 14 accommodates a load piece (not shown) whose weight is known in advance. A test piece fixing jig 29 is suspended from the other end of the balance rod 25 via the test piece 7. Here, the first clamp portion 5 of the test piece 7 is clamped at the other end of the balance bar 25, and the second clamp portion 6 is clamped by a hanging string 30 which suspends the test piece fixing jig 29.
[0030]
A plurality of magnets 31 are arranged inside the container-shaped test piece fixing jig 29 with their S poles facing downward. Also, as shown in FIG. 3B, a plurality of magnets 32 are arranged on the upper inside of the base 21 corresponding to the magnets 31 with their N poles facing upward. The magnets 31 and 32 prevent the carbon fiber 3 of the test piece 7 from separating from the base.
[0031]
As described above, the fiber load / strain tester according to the third embodiment includes the base 21, the support 24, the balancing rod 25 supported by the support 24, the pendulum 26, and the scale 27. , A load container 22 suspended from one end of the balance bar 25, a test piece fixing jig 29 suspended from the other end of the balance rod 25 via a test piece 7, A plurality of magnets 31 and 32 are provided on the fixing jig 29 and the base 22 and control the glass fiber 3 of the test piece 7 from moving away from the base. Such a testing machine utilizes the fact that the carbon fiber 3 of the test piece 7 is distorted by applying a load to the load container 28. That is, when a strain occurs in the test piece 7, the pendulum 26 fixed to the balance 23 tilts. Therefore, the tilt of the pendulum 26 can be obtained from the scale 27, and the relationship between the strain of the carbon fiber 3 and the tensile load can be obtained. Therefore, the amount of strain of the carbon fiber 3 can be measured accurately and at low cost.
[0032]
In fact, when the relationship between stress and strain was determined by using a tester shown in FIG. 3 using ASAHI carbon fiber as the ultrafine fiber of the test piece, a characteristic diagram shown in FIG. 6 was obtained.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a test piece that can be reliably cut at a fiber portion between clamps separated from each other during a tensile test.
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing a test piece capable of producing the test piece with a simple method with good reproducibility.
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fiber tensile load tester capable of easily and inexpensively measuring a physical value of a tensile rupture stress of an accurate value for a fiber.
[0034]
Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fiber load / strain tester capable of obtaining an accurate physical property value of tensile rupture stress and a stress-strain curve for a fiber.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a test piece according to Example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a fiber tensile load tester according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a fiber load / strain tester according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a fracture rate and a tensile rupture stress when various test pieces are used.
FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a fracture rate of a test piece measured by the JIS test method and the present invention and a tensile breaking stress.
FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between strain and stress of a carbon filter.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. Opening,
2. Copy paper,
3: Carbon fiber,
4 1, 4 2 ... tissue paper,
5,6 ... clamp part,
7 Test piece,
11, 22 ... weighing scale,
12a, 12b, 24 ... props,
13 ... beams,
14 ... Load container,
17 ... injector (loading means),
21 ... Base,
23 ... balance,
25 ... balance bar,
26 ... pendulum,
27 ... scale,
31, 32 ... magnets.

Claims (6)

繊維の荷重、あるいは荷重と歪の関係を求めるための試験片であり、
前記繊維を該繊維が中央に位置するように夫々前後から接着剤を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーからなる第1クランプ部と、この第1クランプ部と離間した位置で前記繊維を該繊維が中央に位置するように夫々前後から接着剤を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーからなる第2クランプ部とを具備することを特徴とする試験片。
It is a test piece for obtaining the load of fiber, or the relationship between load and strain,
A first clamp portion made of copy paper and tissue paper in which the fibers are fixed by using an adhesive from the front and rear so that the fibers are located at the center, and the fibers are separated from the first clamp portion by a distance. A test piece comprising: a second clamp portion made of copy paper and tissue paper, which are fixed by sandwiching the adhesive from the front and rear so that the fibers are located at the center, respectively.
一定の大きさの開口部が開けられたコピー用紙上に、繊維を伸ばした状態で配置する工程と、前記開口部より外側寄りの前記コピー用紙上にテッシュペーパーを、接着剤を用いてコピー用紙とともに前記繊維を前後から挟んで固定する工程と、重ねられた前記コピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーに沿って試験片を残すように切り取り、繊維を中央部で前後から接着を用いて挟んで固定したコピー用紙及びテッシュペーパーからなる第1・第2クランプ部を形成する工程とを具備することを特徴とする試験片の作製方法。A step of arranging the fibers in a stretched state on copy paper having an opening of a certain size, and a step of placing a tissue paper on the copy paper closer to the outside than the opening, using an adhesive to copy paper A step of fixing the fiber by sandwiching the fiber from the front and the back, and cutting off the test piece along the stacked copy paper and tissue paper so as to leave a test piece, and fixing the fiber by sandwiching the fiber from the front and the back at the center using an adhesive. And forming first and second clamp portions made of tissue paper. 秤量計と、この秤量計上に支柱により支持されて配置された梁と、この梁の中点に請求項1記載の試験片を介して吊り下げられた荷重容器と、前記試験片に連続的に荷重をかける荷重負荷手段とを具備し、前記試験片に荷重を連続的にかけながら前記試験片の一構成である繊維の引張荷重を測定することを特徴とする繊維の引張荷重試験機。A weighing scale, a beam supported and arranged on the weighing scale by a column, a load container suspended at the midpoint of the beam via the test piece according to claim 1, and continuously connected to the test piece. And a load applying means for applying a load, wherein the tensile load of the fiber, which is one component of the test piece, is measured while continuously applying a load to the test piece. 前記荷重負荷手段は、水を前記試験片の繊維に伝わらせながら荷重容器に一定速度で供給する注入器であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の繊維の引張荷重試験機。The fiber tensile load testing machine according to claim 3, wherein the load applying means is an injector that supplies water to the load container at a constant speed while transmitting water to the fibers of the test piece. 基台と、この基台上に配置され,基台上に立設された支柱と該支柱の上部に軸支された天秤棒と該天秤棒の支点から下部方向にかけて垂直に延出する振り子とこの振り子の横方向の振れを観察するためのスケールを備えた天秤と、前記天秤棒の一端に吊り下げられた荷重容器と、前記天秤棒の他端に請求項1記載の試験片を介して吊り下げられた試験片固定治具と、前記試験片固定治具及び基台に設置され、試験片の繊維が基台側から離れるのを制御する複数の磁石とを具備し、荷重容器に荷重をかけることにより試験片の繊維に歪が生じることを利用して、繊維の歪と引張荷重との関係を求めることを特徴とする繊維の荷重・歪試験機。A pedestal, a stanchion arranged on the pedestal, a erected on the pedestal, a balance rod pivotally supported on an upper part of the stanchion, a pendulum vertically extending from a fulcrum of the balance rod to a lower direction, and the pendulum A balance provided with a scale for observing the lateral deflection of a load container, a load container suspended at one end of the balance bar, and a test piece according to claim 1 at the other end of the balance bar. A test piece fixing jig, provided with a plurality of magnets installed on the test piece fixing jig and the base, controlling the separation of the fibers of the test piece from the base side, by applying a load to the load container A fiber load / strain tester for determining the relationship between fiber strain and tensile load by utilizing the fact that strain occurs in fibers of a test piece. 前記試験片固定治具はN極叉はS極が下部側を向いた第1の磁石が配置された容器であり、かつ前記試験片固定治具と対向する前記基台側でかつ第1の磁石と対向する位置に、第2の磁石が該第1の磁石と引き合うように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項5記載の繊維の荷重・歪試験機。The test piece fixing jig is a container in which a first magnet whose N pole or S pole faces the lower side is arranged, and the test piece fixing jig is on the base side facing the test piece fixing jig and has a first magnet. The fiber load / strain tester according to claim 5, wherein a second magnet is arranged at a position facing the magnet so as to attract the first magnet.
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CN103234784A (en) * 2013-03-28 2013-08-07 安徽首文碳纤维有限公司 Sample making method for carbon fiber interlayer shearing strength test, and special die therefor
CN103592187A (en) * 2013-10-21 2014-02-19 江苏恒神纤维材料有限公司 Device and method for testing flexibility of carbon fiber
CN106153459A (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-11-23 陕西飞机工业(集团)有限公司 A kind of metal material method of evaluating performance based on aircaft configuration selection
CN105866097A (en) * 2016-04-01 2016-08-17 西南科技大学 Method for producing carbon fiber sample for Raman spectrum test
CN106153325A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-11-23 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 A kind of airbag cover rigidity test equipment and method of testing
KR20180074112A (en) * 2016-12-23 2018-07-03 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 Carbon fiber unidirectional packing sample production equipment and sample production method for measuring the contact angle of carbon fiber
KR101908814B1 (en) 2016-12-23 2018-10-16 재단법인 한국탄소융합기술원 Carbon fiber unidirectional packing sample production equipment and sample production method for measuring the contact angle of carbon fiber
CN111272568A (en) * 2020-01-22 2020-06-12 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Device and method for measuring stretching-shearing and stretching-twisting coupling effects
CN111272568B (en) * 2020-01-22 2022-08-19 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Device and method for measuring stretching-shearing and stretching-twisting coupling effects
CN114544326A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-27 河南省计量科学研究院 Fiber strength measuring method
CN114544326B (en) * 2022-02-25 2023-09-22 河南省计量测试科学研究院 Fiber strength measuring method

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