JP2004106637A

JP2004106637A - Railroad vehicle structure

Info

Publication number: JP2004106637A
Application number: JP2002270114A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kensho Tsubosaka; 坪坂　憲昭
Original assignee: Nippon Sharyo Ltd
Current assignee: Nippon Sharyo Ltd
Priority date: 2002-09-17
Filing date: 2002-09-17
Publication date: 2004-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-17
Also published as: JP3955807B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To localize the collapse of a railroad vehicle for minimizing damage to passengers and crew even when offset collision occurs. <P>SOLUTION: In this railroad vehicle body structure 1, a vehicle outer surface 6a of a corner post 6 connecting an end body structure 3 and a side body structure 4 is diagonal at blunt angle to both of the end body structure 3 and the side body structure 4 while the railroad vehicle outer surface 6a has a length to reach a frame lower surface. A waist side panel 7 of the side body structure 4 consists of a dual structure member including an outer panel 7a and an inner panel 7b connected by a rib 7c as a strength securing member for linking both while maintaining a predetermined distance inbetween. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、車両用構体に関し、詳しくは、衝突時の乗客や乗務員の安全性を向上させた車両用構体に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えば、鉄道車両のように、台枠、側構体、屋根構体及び妻構体を接合して構成される箱形断面を持つ車両が踏切に立ち往生した自動車等の障害物に衝突した場合、あるいは車両同士が正面衝突した場合に、車両先頭部の一部の部材が変形することにより衝撃を緩和して、以て乗客や乗務員の安全を図る車両用構体として、妻構体に妻面よりも突出するとともに、変形により衝突時の衝撃を緩和する緩衝部材を設け、正面衝突時に、緩衝部材を介して妻構体に曲げモーメントが作用して、妻構体が湾曲・変形するとともに、この曲げモーメントにより、側構体及び屋根構体の妻構体との接合箇所近傍が外側に変形することにより、衝突エネルギーを吸収し、客室内への影響を緩和するものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−１９２９４１号公報（第２〜３頁、第１図、第２図）
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、最近になって、車両が障害物と斜めに衝突する、いわゆるオフセット衝突事故が発生した。このオフセット衝突は、図７に示すように、複線の鉄道路線曲線部にある引き込み線のポイントで引き込み線側に脱線した鉄道車両の車輪が引き込み線のレールによって対向方向の線路に向かって押し出され、そこに対向方向から来た車両が衝突するものであった。この場合、衝突の初期段階で、脱線車両はレールの高さの分だけ車高が下がり、そこに対向車両が乗り上げるように衝突するため、脱線車両の側構体に対向車両の台枠が楔のように作用し、脱線車両の側構体が台枠や妻構体との継ぎ目から引き剥がされるように破壊される（図８参照）。
【０００５】
特に従来の車両用構体は、側構体と妻構体とを接合する隅柱が台枠上面に溶接接合されており、対向車両が乗り上げるように衝突した場合、対向車両の台枠が隅柱と台枠の接合部付近に衝突して楔のように作用し、隅柱と台枠の接合部から破断して側構体が削り取られるように破壊される。また、隅柱及び側構体車端部が衝突に対する充分な強度、剛性を有していない場合、隅柱及び側構体車端部が衝突物体を抱えるように内側に変形する。このため、側構体は、端部に加わる車両長手方向の衝撃力を受け流すことができず、対向車両の台枠が楔のように作用し、側構体が引き剥がされるように破壊される。
【０００６】
そこで本発明は、上述のオフセット衝突が起きた場合でも、車両の破壊を局限し、乗客や乗務員の被害を最小限に止める車両用構体を提供することを目的としている。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記した目的を達成するため、本発明は、台枠、側構体、妻構体及び屋根構体を接合して構成される車両用構体において、前記台枠の側梁の妻側端部を端梁と前記側梁の双方に対して鈍角になるように傾斜させて形成し、前記側構体の少なくとも腰部の妻側端部を前記妻構体と側構体の双方に対して鈍角になるように傾斜させて形成するとともに、前記側構体の妻側端部を覆う隅柱を前記側梁の妻側端部を覆う長さに一体に形成して前記側梁及び前記側構体に接合し、該隅柱に前記妻構体を接合したことを特徴としている。また、前記側構体は、腰部側板が、外板と内板との間を両者の間隔を保持して連結する強度確保部材にて結合した、二重構造材で構成されていることが好ましい。
【０００８】
本発明に係る車両用構体は、オフセット衝突した場合に、隅柱が妻構体と側構体の双方に対して鈍角に傾斜しているため、対向車両を受け流して衝撃力の一部を緩和することができる。また、隅柱が台枠下面に至る長さに形成されているため、台枠と隅柱との接合部から破断することを防止できる。さらに、側構体の腰部側板を二重構造材で構成することにより、仮に腰部側板の外板が破断されたとしても内板が破断されなければ、台枠と側構体の分離を防ぐことができる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を鉄道車両の構体に適用した実施形態例を図１乃至図６に基づいて説明する。車両用構体１は、台枠２に前後の妻構体３と左右の側構体４とを接合し、その上に屋根構体５を接合して構成されている。妻構体３と側構体４とは、台枠２の四隅に立設された隅柱６を介して接合されている。
【００１０】
前記台枠２は、車体前後方向の側梁２ａの内側に端梁２ｂを接合する構成で、側梁２ａの妻側端部２ｃは、側梁２ａと端梁２ｂの双方に対して鈍角になるように斜めに形成されている。
【００１１】
前記妻構体３は、従来と同様に骨組みに一枚の外板３ａを張った構成である。側構体４は、隅柱６に接合される妻側端部では、台枠２と窓との間の腰部側板７の、外板７ａと内板７ｂとの間を、両者の間隔を保持して連結する強度確保部材としての複数のリブ７ｃにて結合した二重構造材で構成されている。この二重構造材は、外板７ａと内板７ｂとの間を所定間隔を保持するように連結するリブ７ｃとからなる閉断面形状を有するアルミニウム合金製中空押し出し材から構成されている。この腰部側板７は、妻側端部７ｄを前記妻構体３と側構体４の双方に対して鈍角になるように斜めに形成されている。
【００１２】
前記隅柱６は、腰部側板７の傾斜部分を覆う車体外側面６ａを前記妻構体３と側構体４の双方に対して鈍角になるように斜めに形成され、該車体外側面６ａに、車体前後方向に伸びて腰部側板７の内板７ｂが接合される側構体内板接合部６ｂと、車体幅方向に伸びて妻構体３の外板３ａが接合される妻構体接合部６ｃとを連続形成した横断面変形ｙ字状に形成されている。
【００１３】
また、前記車体外側面６ａは、下端を台枠２の傾斜部分を覆うように台枠２の下面に至る長さに一体に形成され、前記側構体内板接合部６ｂと前記妻構体接合部６ｃとは、それぞれ前記台枠２の上面に接合される長さに一体に形成されている。この隅柱６は、想定される衝突条件において、隅柱６が局部変形を起こさないように、車体外側面６ａ及び側構体内板接合部６ｂはその肉厚を設定されている。
【００１４】
なお、側構体４の腰部側板７よりも上部の妻側端部を腰部側板７と同様に斜めに形成した場合は、隅柱６の車体外側面６ａを前記妻構体３と側構体４の双方に対して鈍角になるように斜めに形成する。
【００１５】
この隅柱６は、車体外側面６ａの下端を台枠２の側梁２ａ端部下面から上面に接合し、側構体内板接合部６ｂと妻構体接合部６ｃとを台枠２の上面に接合して台枠２の四隅に立設され、車体外側面６ａに腰部側板７の外板７ａを、側構体内板接合部６ｂに腰部側板７の内板７ｂを、妻構体接合部６ｃに妻構体３の外板３ａをそれぞれ接合している。
【００１６】
次に、このように構成された車両用構体１を有する車両８が、オフセット衝突した場合のシミュレーション結果について説明する。図７に示されるように、複線の線路９，１０の曲線部分にポイントがあり、線路９を走行中の車両８が脱線して、車輪が引き込み線のレールによって対向方向の線路１０に向かって押し出され、対向方向の線路１０を走行中の車両１１と衝突する。
【００１７】
この場合に、対向車両１１が脱線車両８の隅柱６に衝突すると、隅柱６は、衝撃力の方向に高強度を有する縦通材である側梁２ａと腰部側板７とに接合されており、しかも、想定された衝突条件内であれば、これに対応するようにその肉厚を設定されているから、局部変形を起こすことがない。そして、車体外側面６ａの傾斜により、衝撃力の一部が脱線車両８と対向車両１１とを互いに引き離す方向に作用する。また、車体外側面６ａが側梁２ａ端部下面から上面に接合されているから、隅柱６と台枠２の接合部からの破断が起こりにくくなる。
【００１８】
よって、脱線車両８が対向車両１１を抱え込むことがなく、衝突の初期段階において対向車両１１が楔のように作用することを防いで、脱線車両８の側構体４が破壊されることや、引き剥がされることを防止する。
【００１９】
また、図８に示されるように、脱線により車高が下がった脱線車両８に対向車両１１が乗り上げるようにオーバーライドして衝突した場合は、対向車両１１の台枠が脱線車両８の側構体４を削り取るように作用するが、脱線車両８の側構体４は、前記腰部側板７が二重構造材で構成されているので、例え外板７ａが破断したとしても、内板７ｂが破壊されなければ、台枠２と側構体４の分離を防ぐことができる。
【００２０】
なお、上記実施形態例では、本発明を鉄道車両の構体に適用したもので説明したが、本発明は、バス、トラック等オフセット衝突が起こり得る車両の構体に適用可能である。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の車両用構体は、オフセット衝突した場合に、側構体、台枠側梁及び隅柱が衝撃を受け流す方向に作用するとともに、隅柱と台枠の接合部からの破断が起こりにくいため、衝突物体を抱え込むことがなく、衝突の初期段階において衝突物体が楔のように作用することを防ぐ。また、側構体の二重構造により、外板が台枠と破断・分離しても、内板が台枠との結合を保持する。したがって、衝突部位での衝突物体の抱え込みと、衝突の初期段階で発生する衝突物体のオーバーライドによる側構体の変形・亀裂を防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】車両用構体の斜視図
【図２】車両用構体を車内側から見た拡大図
【図３】図２のＩＩＩ−ＩＩＩ断面図
【図４】図２のＩＶ−ＩＶ断面図
【図５】図２のＶ−Ｖ矢視図
【図６】図２のＶＩ−ＶＩ断面図
【図７】オフセット衝突の一例を示す平面図
【図８】オフセット衝突時の脱線車両と対向車両を示す側面図
【符号の説明】
１…車両用構体、２…台枠、２ａ…側梁、２ｃ…妻側端部、３…妻構体、４…側構体、６…隅柱、６ａ…車体外側面、７…腰部側板、７ａ…腰部側板の外板、７ｂ…腰部側板の内板、７ｃ…腰部側板のリブ、７ｄ…妻側端部、８…脱線車両、１１…対向車両[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicle structure, and more particularly, to a vehicle structure that improves the safety of passengers and crew during a collision.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, when a vehicle having a box-shaped cross-section composed of an underframe, a side structure, a roof structure, and a wife structure, such as a railway vehicle, collides with an obstacle such as an automobile stuck at a railroad crossing, or between vehicles In the event of a frontal collision, some of the members at the front of the vehicle are deformed to mitigate the impact, thereby protruding from the wives structure to the wives structure as a vehicle structure aiming for the safety of passengers and crew members A cushioning member is provided to alleviate the impact at the time of a collision by deformation. At the time of a head-on collision, a bending moment acts on the wife's structure via the buffering member, whereby the wife's structure bends and deforms. In addition, there is a structure in which the vicinity of a joint between a roof structure and a wife structure is deformed outward, thereby absorbing collision energy and reducing the influence on the passenger compartment (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-192941 (pages 2-3, FIGS. 1 and 2)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, recently, a so-called offset collision accident in which a vehicle collides obliquely with an obstacle has occurred. In the offset collision, as shown in FIG. 7, the wheels of the railroad vehicle derailed to the drop-in side at the drop-in point at the double-tracked railway track curve section are pushed out by the drop-in rail toward the track in the opposite direction. A vehicle coming from the opposite direction collides there. In this case, in the initial stage of the collision, the derailed vehicle lowers its height by the height of the rail and collides so that the oncoming vehicle rides on it. Thus, the side structure of the derailed vehicle is broken so as to be peeled off from the joint between the underframe and the wife structure (see FIG. 8).
[0005]
In particular, in the conventional vehicle structure, the corner post joining the side structure and the wife structure is welded to the upper surface of the underframe, and when the oncoming vehicle collides so as to get on, the underframe of the oncoming vehicle becomes the corner post and the underframe. It collides near the joint of the frame, acts like a wedge, breaks from the joint of the corner post and the underframe, and is broken so that the side structure is scraped off. In addition, when the corner post and the end of the side structural vehicle do not have sufficient strength and rigidity against collision, the corner post and the end of the side structural vehicle are deformed inward so as to hold the collision object. For this reason, the side structure cannot receive the impact force applied to the end portion in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the underframe of the oncoming vehicle acts like a wedge, and is broken so that the side structure is peeled off.
[0006]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle structure that limits the destruction of a vehicle and minimizes damage to passengers and crew members even when the above-described offset collision occurs.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an underframe, a side structure, a vehicular structure configured by joining a wand structure and a roof structure, wherein the wedge side end of the side beam of the underframe is an end beam. It is formed to be inclined at an obtuse angle with respect to both of the side beams, and at least the waist end of the waist portion of the side structure is inclined at an obtuse angle with respect to both the end structure and the side structure. While being formed, a corner post covering the end side of the side structure of the side structure is formed integrally with the length covering the end side end of the side beam, and is joined to the side beam and the side structure. It is characterized in that the wife structure is joined. In addition, it is preferable that the side structure is formed of a double structural material in which the waist side plate is connected by a strength securing member that connects the outer plate and the inner plate while maintaining a gap therebetween.
[0008]
In the vehicle structure according to the present invention, in the event of an offset collision, the corner post is inclined at an obtuse angle with respect to both the wife structure and the side structure, so that the oncoming vehicle is parryed and part of the impact force is reduced. Can be. Further, since the corner post is formed to have a length reaching the underside of the underframe, it is possible to prevent the corner post from being broken at the joint between the underframe and the corner post. Furthermore, by configuring the waist side plate of the side structure with a double structural material, even if the outer plate of the waist side plate is broken, if the inner plate is not broken, separation of the underframe and the side structure can be prevented. .
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a structure of a railway vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS. The vehicle structure 1 is configured by joining a front and rear wife structure 3 and left and right side structures 4 to an underframe 2, and joining a roof structure 5 thereon. The wife structure 3 and the side structure 4 are joined via corner pillars 6 erected at four corners of the underframe 2.
[0010]
The underframe 2 has a configuration in which an end beam 2b is joined to the inside of a side beam 2a in the vehicle front-rear direction. The end 2c of the side beam 2a has an obtuse angle with respect to both the side beam 2a and the end beam 2b. It is formed diagonally so as to become.
[0011]
The wife structure 3 has a structure in which a single outer plate 3a is stretched over a frame as in the related art. At the end of the side structure 4 that is joined to the corner post 6, the waist side plate 7 between the underframe 2 and the window, between the outer plate 7 a and the inner plate 7 b, maintains the distance between the two. It is composed of a double structural member connected by a plurality of ribs 7c as a strength securing member to be connected. This double structural member is formed of a hollow extruded member made of an aluminum alloy having a closed cross-sectional shape including a rib 7c that connects the outer plate 7a and the inner plate 7b so as to maintain a predetermined interval. The waist side plate 7 is formed obliquely so that the end 7d on the wife side is obtuse with respect to both the wife structure 3 and the side structure 4.
[0012]
The corner post 6 is formed so that the vehicle body outer surface 6a covering the inclined portion of the waist side plate 7 is oblique so as to form an obtuse angle with respect to both the wife structure 3 and the side structure 4. A side body plate joining portion 6b extending in the front-rear direction and joined to the inner plate 7b of the waist side plate 7 and a wife structure joining portion 6c extending in the vehicle width direction and joining the outer plate 3a of the wife structure 3 are continuous. The cross section is formed in a deformed y-shape.
[0013]
The vehicle body outer surface 6a is integrally formed with a length reaching a lower surface of the underframe 2 so that a lower end of the vehicle body outer surface 6a covers the inclined portion of the underframe 2. 6c are formed integrally with each other so as to be joined to the upper surface of the underframe 2. The thickness of the corner post 6 is set so that the corner post 6 does not locally deform under an assumed collision condition, so that the vehicle body outer side surface 6a and the side structure plate joint portion 6b are formed.
[0014]
When the end of the side structure 4 above the waist side plate 7 is formed obliquely in the same manner as the waist side plate 7, the vehicle body outer surface 6 a of the corner post 6 is formed on both the wive structure 3 and the side structure 4. Are formed obliquely so as to form an obtuse angle with respect to.
[0015]
This corner post 6 joins the lower end of the vehicle body outer surface 6a from the lower surface of the end of the side beam 2a of the underframe 2 to the upper surface, and connects the side in-body plate joint 6b and the end structure joint 6c to the upper surface of the underframe 2. It is joined and stood upright at the four corners of the underframe 2, and the outer plate 7a of the waist side plate 7 is attached to the vehicle body outer surface 6a, the inner plate 7b of the waist side plate 7 is attached to the side structure plate joint 6b, and the wrist structure joint 6c. The outer plates 3a of the wife structure 3 are joined together.
[0016]
Next, a description will be given of a simulation result when the vehicle 8 having the vehicle structure 1 configured as described above has an offset collision. As shown in FIG. 7, there is a point in the curved portion of the double track 9, 9, and the vehicle 8 traveling on the track 9 is derailed, and the wheels are moved toward the opposite track 10 by the drop-in rail. It is pushed out and collides with the vehicle 11 running on the track 10 in the opposite direction.
[0017]
In this case, when the oncoming vehicle 11 collides with the corner post 6 of the derailed vehicle 8, the corner post 6 is joined to the side beam 2a, which is a longitudinal member having high strength in the direction of the impact force, and the waist side plate 7. In addition, if the collision conditions are within the assumed ones, the thickness is set so as to correspond to the collision conditions, so that no local deformation occurs. Then, due to the inclination of the vehicle outer surface 6a, a part of the impact force acts in a direction to separate the derailed vehicle 8 and the oncoming vehicle 11 from each other. Further, since the outer side surface 6a of the vehicle body is joined from the lower surface of the end of the side beam 2a to the upper surface, breakage from the joint between the corner post 6 and the underframe 2 hardly occurs.
[0018]
Therefore, the derailed vehicle 8 does not carry the oncoming vehicle 11 and prevents the oncoming vehicle 11 from acting like a wedge in the initial stage of the collision, and the side structure 4 of the derailed vehicle 8 is destroyed or pulled. Prevents peeling.
[0019]
Also, as shown in FIG. 8, when the oncoming vehicle 11 overrides the derailed vehicle 8 and rides on the derailed vehicle 8 whose vehicle height has been lowered due to the derailment, and the collision occurs, the underframe of the oncoming vehicle 11 is moved to the side structure 4 of the derailed vehicle 8. However, in the side structure 4 of the derailed vehicle 8, since the waist side plate 7 is formed of a double structural material, even if the outer plate 7a is broken, the inner plate 7b must be destroyed. For example, separation of the underframe 2 and the side structure 4 can be prevented.
[0020]
In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the structure of a railway vehicle, but the present invention is applicable to a structure of a vehicle such as a bus or a truck in which an offset collision can occur.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the vehicle structure of the present invention, in the event of an offset collision, acts in the direction in which the side structure, the underframe side beam and the corner post receive the impact, and also acts from the joint between the corner post and the underframe. Since the breakage is unlikely to occur, the collision object is not held, and the collision object does not act like a wedge in the initial stage of the collision. Further, due to the double structure of the side structure, even if the outer plate is broken or separated from the underframe, the inner plate maintains the connection with the underframe. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the collision of the collision object with the collision part and the deformation and cracking of the side structure due to the override of the collision object occurring at the initial stage of the collision.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle structure. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vehicle structure viewed from the inside of the vehicle. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2. FIG. FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of arrows VV in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. 2. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing an example of an offset collision. Side view shown [Description of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle structure, 2 ... Underframe, 2a ... Side beam, 2c ... Wife side end part, 3 ... Wife structure, 4 ... Side structure, 6 ... Corner pillar, 6a ... Car body outer surface, 7 ... Waist side plate, 7a ... outer plate of waist side plate, 7b ... inner plate of waist side plate, 7c ... rib of waist side plate, 7d ... end of wife side, 8 ... derailed vehicle, 11 ... oncoming vehicle

Claims

台枠、側構体、妻構体及び屋根構体を接合して構成される車両用構体において、前記台枠の側梁の妻側端部を端梁と前記側梁の双方に対して鈍角になるように傾斜させて形成し、前記側構体の少なくとも腰部の妻側端部を前記妻構体と側構体の双方に対して鈍角になるように傾斜させて形成するとともに、前記側構体の妻側端部を覆う隅柱を前記側梁の妻側端部を覆う長さに一体に形成して前記側梁及び前記側構体に接合し、該隅柱に前記妻構体を接合したことを特徴とする車両用構体。In a vehicle structure formed by joining an underframe, a side structure, a wife structure, and a roof structure, the wife side end of the side beam of the underframe has an obtuse angle with respect to both the end beam and the side beam. At the waist end of at least the waist portion of the side structure is formed so as to be obtuse at an obtuse angle to both the wive structure and the side structure, and the wife side end of the side structure A vehicle having a corner pillar that covers the side beam and the side structure integrally formed to have a length that covers the end of the side beam at the end of the side beam, and wherein the end structure is joined to the corner post. Structure.

前記側構体は、腰部側板が、外板と内板との間を両者の間隔を保持して連結する強度確保部材にて結合した、二重構造材で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の車両用構体。The side structure is formed of a double structural material, in which the waist side plate is connected with a strength securing member that connects the outer plate and the inner plate while maintaining a gap therebetween. Item 4. The vehicle structure according to Item 1.