JP2004105328A

JP2004105328A - Seat

Info

Publication number: JP2004105328A
Application number: JP2002269544A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masaki Yamabe; 山辺　正樹
Original assignee: Tenryu Industries Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tenryu Industries Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-09-17
Filing date: 2002-09-17
Publication date: 2004-04-08
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-17
Also published as: JP4570121B2

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seat capable of keeping sitting feeling good when inclining the seat associated with the inclining of a seat back, also optimizing the inclining degree of the seat, pressurizing force when reclining the seat and energizing force when returning the seat, making a seat cushion part thin in thickness, and efficiently rotating a one-person seat. <P>SOLUTION: A seat back spindle 21 is provided in a distance range of 0 to 50 mm forward from a vertical line passing through the hip point 23 of a sitting person for axially supporting a seat back frame 18 in a reclining possible state. A biasing member 24 is provided for biasing the frame 18 ordinarily in a direction of returning from reclining. A seat spindle 22 is provided in a distance range of 100 to 200 mm forward from a vertical line passing through the seat back spindle 21 for axially supporting a seat frame 19 in a tilting possible manner so that its rear part may move up and down. A connection point 27 is provided in a distance range of 70 to 110 mm backward from the vertical line passing through the seat back spindle 21 for connecting a connection member 20 extending from the seat back frame 18 with the seat frame 19. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、乗物（バス、鉄道車輌、航空機、船舶等）、劇場、映画館その他で使用される座席に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
（１）背当をリクライニングさせることができる座席においては、リクライニング後の背当と座との間の開き角によって、座り心地や長時間着座した際の疲労度が異なってくる。背当をリクライニングさせても座の角度が変わらないタイプでは、前記開き角が大きくなるため、座り心地が大きく変化したり、身体が前方にずれやすくなったりし、もって疲労度が大きくなることがある。そこで、背当をリクライニングさせると座もその後部が下降するように傾動して、前記開き角が大きくならないようにしたタイプが種々開発されている。図９に示す座席５１は、座枠５２の前部側の座枠基軸５３を支点にして後部側が上下動する座枠５２と、座枠５２の後端よりもやや前方に設けた背当基軸５４を支点にして前後方向に起倒する背当枠５５とを備えており、背当枠５５と座枠５２とは背当基軸５４より後方に設けた連携軸５６で回動可能に連結されているため、背当枠５５をリクライニングさせると座枠５２の後部側が下降する。背当枠５５はガススプリングなどの復元機構により、リクライニングから復帰させる方向に付勢されて原位置へ復帰する（例えば、特許文献１及び特許文献２参照）。
【０００３】
上記特許文献１及び特許文献２によれば、座枠基軸５３、背当基軸５４及び連携軸５６の前後方向の相対的位置関係については、上記のとおりに読み取ることができる。しかし、これらの各軸５３，５４，５６の前後方向の絶対的位置については明細書に記載がないため、図面からおよその位置を推し量るしかないところ、本発明者がその図面どおりに実施してみても、各軸５３，５４，５６の絶対的位置及び相対的距離の要因が複数あり、それぞれの要因が互いに影響しあうので、背当をリクライニングさせるときの押圧力及び復帰させるときの付勢力や、座枠の傾動の程度を最適に設定することが非常に難しいことがわかった。
【０００４】
（２）次に、座り心地の面から、座クッションの弾性を補助する目的で、座枠に、複数のバネ（例えば、特許文献３参照）や、伸縮可能な均一な弾性体（例えば、特許文献４参照）や、不均一に一体成形された高弾性体のゴム材（例えば、特許文献５参照）等の弾性補助部材を張設し、その上に座クッションを設置した座席が知られている。
【０００５】
しかし、これらの弾性補助部材は、重量が大きい、座枠への取付構造が複雑である、コストが高い、という問題のいずれかを有しており、これらの問題を全て解消したものは見当たらなかった。
【０００６】
（３）次に、鉄道車輌用座席においては、車輌の方向転換に伴って座席も方向転換させるために、座席を垂直軸の周りに回転可能に設け、手動により回転させるようにしたものが多い（例えば、特許文献６参照）。また、モータにより回転させるものもある。
【０００７】
手動により回転させる場合、１人掛座席であっても２〜３人掛座席であっても、１台１台を別々に回転させる必要があるが、特に１人掛座席は車輌におけるその総台数が多いため、手間と時間がかかるという問題があった。また、モータにより回転させる場合には、多数台の座席を一斉に回転させることもできるが、それには複雑で高価なモータ設備が必要となる。
【０００８】
【特許文献１】
実開平２−４４４４号公報
【特許文献２】
実公平５−４６６９１号公報
【特許文献３】
実開平２−１２４０５２号公報
【特許文献４】
実開平５−７２２５０号公報
【特許文献５】
特開２００１−１２８７８３号公報
【特許文献６】
特開平６−４０３３４号公報
【０００９】
そこで、本発明の第一の目的は、背当をリクライニングさせたときに座も傾動して座り心地が良好に保たれるだけでなく、座の傾動の程度や、リクライニングさせるときの押圧力及び復帰させるときの付勢力が最適化された座席を提供することにある。
本発明の第二の目的は、軽量で、座枠への取付構造が簡単で、コストが低い弾性補助部材を実現して、座クッション部分を薄くすることができる座席を提供することにある。
本発明の第三の目的は、方向転換のために１人掛座席を効率的に回転させることができる座席を提供することにある。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明に係る座席は、以下の（１）（２）又は（３）の特徴を備える。
（１）着席者のヒップポイントを通る鉛直線より前方へ−１０〜５０ｍｍの距離範囲に背当枠をリクライニング可能に軸支する背当支軸を設け、背当枠を常にはリクライニングから復帰させる方向に付勢する付勢部材を設け、背当支軸を通る鉛直線より前方へ１００〜２００ｍｍの距離範囲に座枠をその後部が下降及び上昇するよう傾動可能に軸支する座支軸を設け、背当支軸を通る鉛直線より後方へ７０〜１１０ｍｍの距離範囲に背当枠から延びる連結部材が座枠に連結される連結点を設けることにより、着座者が背当枠をリクライニングさせるときには、背当に体重をかけやすくするとともに背当を適度な押圧力で押圧できるようにし、また、背当のリクライニングと連動して連結部材により連結点が押し下げられる座枠はその後部が適度な下降量で下降する反面、前部が極力上昇しないようにし、付勢部材がその付勢力により背当枠をリクライニングから復帰させるときには、適度な押圧力を実現する適度な付勢力によって確実に復帰させることができるようにした座席。ここで、数値で示した各距離範囲は、背当枠をリクライニングさせる前の起立復帰状態とした時の距離範囲である。
【００１１】
この座席は、標準体重６０ｋｇを中心とする体重４５〜１００ｋｇの着座者にとって最適な設定としたものである。図１に示すように、本明細書における着席者のヒップポイントは、標準体重６０ｋｇの着座者に基づいて、座面より垂直方向で８０ｍｍ上方、背当面より水平方向で１２５ｍｍ前方の点（座席左右方向の中央）とする。
【００１２】
図６のグラフは、着席者のヒップポイントを通る鉛直線から前方へ測った背当支軸２１までの距離Ｌ１に対する、背当枠１８をリクライニングさせたときの「着座感」の関係、また、付勢部材２４の付勢力による背当５の復帰に必要な「復帰力」の関係について示したものである。着座感は不足、良の２段階で評価し、復帰力は不足、良、過剰の３段階で評価している。
着座感については、距離Ｌ１が−２０ｍｍより小さい（ヒップポイントを通る鉛直線より後方へ２０ｍｍを越える）と、背当をリクライニングする際に、背当枠１８が向かうベクトルの下向き成分が過小となり、（後述するＬ３が小さくなることと相俟って）座枠１９の後部の下降量が過小となることにより、着席者は背当に体重を乗せてリクライニングさせにくく、また、背中と背当とのずれを感じ、背当と座との間の開き角を大きく感じるため、着座感は不足となる。距離Ｌ１が−２０〜８０ｍｍであれば、背当をリクライニングする際に、背当枠１８が向かうベクトルの下向き成分が適度になり、（後述するＬ３が適度になることと相俟って）座枠１９の後部の下降量が適度になることにより、着席者は背当に体重を乗せてリクライニングさせやすく、また、背中と背当とのずれを感じず、背当と座との間の開き角を大きく感じないので、着座感は良となる。距離Ｌ１が８０ｍｍより大きいと、背当をリクライニングする際に、背当枠１８が向かうベクトルの下向き成分が過大になり、（後述するＬ３が過大になることと相俟って）座枠１９の後部の下降量が過大になることにより、着座感は不足となる。
復帰力については、距離Ｌ１が−１０ｍｍより小さいと、付勢部材２４の付勢力が適度であってもその付勢力が背当枠１８に作用する点に対して背当支軸２１が近付くので、復帰力は不足となる。距離Ｌ１が−１０〜５０ｍｍであれば、付勢部材２４の付勢力が適度であればその付勢力が背当枠１８に作用する点に対して背当支軸２１が適度に離れるので、復帰力は良となる。距離Ｌ１が５０ｍｍより大きいと、付勢部材２４の付勢力が適度であってもその付勢力が背当枠１８に作用する点に対して背当支軸２１が離れすぎるので、復帰力は過剰となる。
よって、着座感と復帰力との双方が良となるＬ１の範囲は−１０〜５０ｍｍであるから、言い換えれば、、ヒップポイントを通る鉛直線より前方へ−１０〜５０ｍｍの距離範囲に背当支軸２１を設けるということになる。
【００１３】
図７のグラフは、背当支軸２１を通る鉛直線から前方へ測った座支軸２２までの距離Ｌ２に対する、座枠１９の後部の下降に伴って前部が上昇する程度「前部上昇」の関係、また、付勢部材２４の付勢力による背当５の復帰に必要な「復帰力」の関係について示したものである。前部上昇は良、過剰の２段階で評価し、復帰力は不足、良、過剰の３段階で評価している。
前部上昇については、距離Ｌ２が８０ｍｍより小さいと、座枠１９の前部に対して座支軸２２が離れるので、前部上昇は過剰となり、着座者の膝下が持ち上がりすぎて着座感が損なわれる。距離Ｌ２が８０ｍｍ以上であれば、座枠１９の前部に対して座支軸２２が近付くので、前部上昇はあまりないので良となり、着座感が損なわれない。
復帰力については、距離Ｌ２が８０ｍｍより小さいと、連結部材２０の連結点２７に対して座支軸２２が近付きすぎ、付勢部材２４が背当枠１８を復帰させる時に併せて座枠１９の後部を連結点２７で引き上げるのに必要な引上力が過小になるので、復帰力は過剰となる。距離Ｌ２が１００〜２００ｍｍであれば、連結点２７に対して座支軸２２が適度に離れ、前記引上力が適度になるので、復帰力は良となる。距離Ｌ２が２００ｍｍより大きいと、連結点２７に対して座支軸２２が離れすぎ、前記引上力が過大になるので、復帰力は不足となる。
よって、前部上昇と復帰力との双方が良となるＬ２の範囲は１００〜２００ｍｍであるから、言い換えれば、背当支軸２１を通る鉛直線より前方へ１００〜２００ｍｍの距離範囲に座支軸２２を設けるということになる。
【００１４】
図８のグラフは、背当支軸２１を通る鉛直線から後方へ測った連結部材２０の連結点２７までの距離Ｌ３に対する、座部４の上面の傾斜角「座面傾斜角」の関係、また、付勢部材２４の付勢力による背当５の復帰に必要な「復帰力」の関係について示したものである。いずれも不足、良、過剰の３段階で評価している。座面傾斜角については、距離Ｌ３が７０ｍｍより小さいと、座支軸２２に対して連結点２７が近付きすぎるため、連結点２７で座枠１９の後部を押し下げても座面傾斜角は不足となり、開き角が大きくなるので着座感が損なわれる。距離Ｌ３が７０〜１２０ｍｍ、好ましくは、９０〜１２０ｍｍであれば、座支軸２２に対して連結点２７が適度に離れるため、連結点２７で座枠１９の後部を押し下げると座面傾斜角は適度となり、良好な着座感が得られる。距離Ｌ３が１２０ｍｍより大きいと、座支軸２２に対して連結点２７が離れすぎるため、連結点２７で座枠１９の後部を押し下げると座面傾斜角が過剰となり、ヒップポイントが沈む感じになるので、着座感が損なわれる。
復帰力については、距離Ｌ３が５０ｍｍより小さいと、付勢部材２４が背当枠１８を復帰させる時に併せて座枠１９の後部を連結点２７で引き上げるのに必要な引上力が過小になるので、復帰力は過剰となる。距離Ｌ３が５０〜１１０ｍｍであれば、前記引上力が適度になるので、復帰力は良となる。距離Ｌ３が１１０ｍｍより大きいと、前記引上力が過大になるので、復帰力は不足となる。
よって、座面傾斜角と復帰力との双方が良となるＬ３の範囲は７０〜１１０ｍｍ、好ましくは、９０〜１１０ｍｍであるから、言い換えれば、
背当支軸２１を通る鉛直線より後方へ７０〜１１０ｍｍ、好ましくは、９０〜１１０ｍｍの距離範囲に連結点２７を設けるということになる。
【００１５】
「付勢部材」は、特に限定されないが、油圧シリンダ、エアシリンダ等の流体圧シリンダを例示できる。流体圧シリンダの場合、その付勢力は特に限定されないが、背当をリクライニングさせるときに必要な体重分を含む適度な押圧力や、適度な復帰力や、流体圧シリンダの入手容易性及びコストを考慮すると、３５０〜５００Ｎが適当であり、３８０Ｎ〜４６０Ｎがより適当である。また、その付勢力は、リクライニング初期とリクライニング終期とで一定の特定でもよいし、変化する特性でもよい。
【００１６】
（２）四角環状の剛性枠に弾性網が張設されてなる弾性補助部材を座枠に取り付け、前記弾性網の上に弾性多孔体よりなる座クッションを設置した座席。
【００１７】
「弾性網」は、特に限定されないが、例えば繊維製の線状体が編まれてなるもの、例えば繊維製の線状体が縦横に重ねられて接触点で接合されたもの等を例示できる。線状体の材料は、特に限定されないが、ポリエステル、テトロン等を例示できる。弾性補助部材の座枠への取付構造は、特に限定されないが、剛性枠の一辺を座枠の一辺に嵌合構造により係着した後、剛性枠の対辺を座枠の対辺にネジ止めすることにより、座枠に取り付けた構造を例示できる。
【００１８】
（３）方向転換のために垂直軸の周りに回転可能に設けた一人掛座席を複数台隣設し、いずれかの１人掛座席を回転させると他の１人掛座席も連動して回転するように前記複数台の一人掛座席の回転を機械的に連動させる連動機構を設けた座席。
【００１９】
連動機構は、特に限定されないが、各一人掛座席の垂直軸と共に回転する回転体と、回転体の相互間に掛けられたチェーン、歯付きベルト等の伝動部材とを備えたものを例示できる。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を座席に具体化した形態として図面に基づいて、実施形態を示す。なお、実施形態に記す数値は例示であって、適宜変更できる。
【００２１】
図１〜図５は、本発明を鉄道車輌の車輌用座席であって、２台の１人掛座席１（幅約６４０ｍｍ、長さ約６７０ｍｍ、高さ約１１５０ｍｍ）が、脚部２に支えられた基台３上に、７５０ｍｍ〜８５０ｍｍの間隔をおいて並設されている。１人掛座席１は、クッション材等を設置して設けられた座部４と、座部４に対して約１７°リクライニング可能に支持された背当５と、例えば座部４に支持された肘掛６とを含む基本構成を備えている。
この車輌用座席の１人掛座席１は、車輌の進行方向の変更にあわせて、２台の１人掛座席１の方向変換する際に、回転を機械的に連動させる連動機構が設けられている。これは、通路側の脚部２に設けてあるペダル７を踏み、ロックをはずして通路側の１人掛座席１を基台に対し自座席の略中央の垂直軸の周りを回転させることで、他方の１人掛座席１が連動して、基台３に対し他方の１人掛座席１の略中央の垂直軸の周りを回転可能であるということである。
この連動機構の仕組みは、それぞれの１人掛座席１の直下で脚部２及び基台３の内部に、シャフト（図示略）によって脚部２に支持されている一対のギア１０と、この一対のギア１０と噛み合って一対のギア１０を共動させるチェーン１１と、チェーン１１を張設の際に緩みを持たないようにする一対のスプロケット１２、１２と、チェーン１１にテンションをかけるためのテンションギア１３とから構成されている。一対のギア１０は、回転円盤１４を介して対応する１人掛座席１と回動を共にするようになっている。
【００２２】
１人掛座席１の座部４及び背当５を支持する内部の枠は、基枠１７、背当枠１８、座枠１９と連結部材２０から構成されている。また、リクライニングをしていない１人掛座席１に着席者（体重約６０ｋｇ）のヒップポイント２３が、座部４より垂直方向で８０ｍｍ上方、背当面より水平方向で１２５ｍｍ前方の点に存在している。
【００２３】
基枠１７は、基枠１７の下部で基台３上部の回転円盤１４に固定されており、ギア１０の回転を１人掛座席１に伝える。基枠１７の平面形状は略正方形で、側面形状は略へ状になっており、両側面の上端には、背当支軸２１が、着席者のヒップポイント２３を通る鉛直線より前方へ９．１ｍｍの距離（図１の距離Ｌ１）及び、着席者のヒップポイント２３を通る水平線より下方へ１１５．０ｍｍの距離に、背当枠１８をリクライニング可能に軸支するように設けられている。また、両側面の前端には座支軸２２が、背当支軸２１を通る鉛直線より前方へ１３０．０ｍｍの距離（図１の距離Ｌ２）に座枠１９をその後部が下降及び上昇するよう傾動可能に軸支するように設けられている。
背当枠１８の正面形状は略長方形で、側面形状は下部が前方へ折れ曲がっている略直線状であり、背当枠１８の両側面の前端で背当支軸２１に軸着されている。また、背当枠１８を常にはリクライニングから復帰させる方向に付勢する付勢部材２４が、基枠１７の後端と背当枠１８の略中央部とを連結するように設けられている。
座枠１９の平面形状は略正方形で、側面形状は後部がわずかに持ち上がっている略直線状になっている。座枠１９の両側面の前部側の下方に向けて設けられている座支軸取付部２６に座支軸２２が軸着されている。また、座枠１９の両側面の後端から上方に向けて設けられている連結部材取付部２８には、背当枠１８の両側面の折れ曲がり部から延びる連結部材２０が連結点２７で軸着されている。この連結点２７は、リクライニングをしていない態様時に背当支軸２１を通る鉛直線より後方へ９２．２ｍｍの距離（図１の距離Ｌ３）に設けられている。
【００２４】
ヒップポイント２３を通る鉛直線より前方に背当支軸２１が設けられているので、着座者が背当枠１８をリクライニングさせるときには、背当５に体重をかけやすくするとともに背当５を適度な押圧力で押圧できるようにしている。また、背当５の背当支軸２１が支点となっておこるリクライニングと連動して、連結部材２０により連結点２７が押し下げられる座枠１９は、座支軸２２が支点となってその後部が適度な下降量で下降する反面、前部が極力上昇しないようにしている。
付勢部材２４がその付勢力により背当枠１８をリクライニングから復帰させるときには、適度な押圧力を実現する適度な付勢力によって確実に復帰させることができるようにしている。本実施形態においては、付勢部材２４の特性として、押し始めには４１２Ｎ、最大で４４１Ｎとなっている。
【００２５】
リクライニングをしていない１人掛座席１は、座部４の上面が水平面に対して８°上方に傾斜しており、背当５の前面の略中央部が垂直面に対して２１°後方に傾斜している態様である。最大の１７°後方へリクライニングした際には、座部４の上面が水平面に対して１５°上方に傾斜した態様になる。よって、座支軸２２を支点として、リクライニングをしていない態様から、座部４の上面の前部側が７°上昇し、座部４の上面の後部側が下降していることになる。
【００２６】
座部４の内部には、四角環状の剛性枠３２の全周に渡って網目に十分に接着樹脂が入り込むように樹脂接着された弾性網３０が、張設されてなる弾性補助部材３１を、座枠１９に内接するように取り付けられている。その弾性網３０の上に弾性多孔体よりなる厚さ約５０ｍｍの座クッション３７が設置されている。この弾性補助部材３１の上面には１人掛座席１の左右方向に平行の２本の面ファスナー３８（例えば、商品名ベルクロテープ）の一方の面が、剛性枠３２に弾性網３０が張架される前に縫い付けられており、他方の面は座クッション３７の下面の対応する箇所に配置されている。
【００２７】
座枠１９に対する弾性補助部材３１の取り付け方は、まず、座枠１９の後部枠の上面に設けられ、座枠１９の内方に突出している断面下向き鉤状の第一取付部３３と、座枠１９の後部枠の下面に設けられ、座枠１９の内方に突出している一対の第二取付部３４との間に、弾性補助部材３１の剛性枠３２の後部枠３１ａを嵌合構造により係着する。その後、座枠１９の前部枠の側面に設けられ、座枠１９の内方に突出している一対の第三取付部３５の上に、剛性枠３２の対辺の前部枠３１ｂを設置する。最後に、弾性補助部材３１の上部から、座枠１９の前部枠の上面にネジ止めする留め金具３６を座枠１９の内方に突出し、弾性補助部材３１の剛性枠３２の上面を押さえつけるように取り付けて、弾性補助部材３１の前部枠３１ｂが第三取付部３５と留め金具３６とで狭持され、弾性補助部材３１が座枠１９に取り付けられる。
【００２８】
以上のように構成された車両用座席によれば、以下の（１）（２）（３）（４）の効果が得られる。
（１）ヒップポイント２３、背当支軸２１、座支軸２２及び連結点２７の位置関係と付勢部材２４の付勢力を最適化することで、リクライニングした際に、着席者の座部の着座感、背当枠の復帰力、座枠の前端の上がり、座面傾斜角等が好ましい状態となり、安定した座り心地を保てる。
（２）弾性補助部材３１を座部４の内部に設置することで、その上部に設ける座クッション３７を薄く軽量化することができる。また、弾性補助部材３１の上面と座クッション３７の下面とに対応する２対の面ファスナー３８を設けることで、着席者の着席・立席、リクライニングの際の着席者の動作等による弾性補助部材３１とクッション３７とのずれを防止している。
（３）弾性補助部材３１が、嵌合による係着とネジ止めによって、簡単に座枠１９に取り付けられることができる。
（４）２台が並設されている１人掛座席１が、前後に列設されている場合において、１人掛座席１毎の軸で回転可能に構成し、２台を基台内でギアとチェーンで連携させることで、前後に列設されている座席同士が干渉せず、並設された１人掛座席１を連動して効率的に、回転させることができる。
【００２９】
なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば以下のように、発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更して具体化することもできる。
（１）１人掛座席ではなく、２人掛座席のそれぞれの座席の内部枠の構成に用いられること。
（２）付勢部材を電動式にすること。その際、ヒップポイント、背当支軸、座支軸及び連結点の位置関係は同様である。
（３）３台の１人掛座席が同じ基台に並設されている場合に、一台の１人掛座席を回転させると、基台内に設けられたギアとチェーンを用いて、残りの２台の１人掛座席が連動して回転する回転装置を備えること。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
以上詳述したように、請求項１の発明に係る座席によれば、背当をリクライニングさせたときに座も傾動して座り心地が良好に保たれるだけでなく、座の傾動の程度や、リクライニングさせるときの押圧力及び復帰させるときの付勢力が最適化することができるという優れた効果を奏する。
【００３１】
請求項２及び請求項３の発明に係る座席によれば、軽量で、座枠への取付構造が簡単で、コストが低い弾性補助部材を実現して、座クッション部分を薄くすることができるという優れた効果を奏する。
【００３２】
請求項４の発明に係る座席によれば、方向転換のために１人掛座席を効率的に回転させることができるという優れた効果を奏する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明を具体化した実施形態の座席において、背当リクライニング前の背当枠、座枠、連結部材等を示す部分側面図である。
【図２】同じく背当リクライニング前の背当枠、座枠、連結部材等を示す部分側面図である。
【図３】同座席を構成している基枠、背当枠、座枠等の分解斜視図である。
【図４】同座枠に対する弾性補助部材の取付構造を示す分解斜視図である。
【図５】同座席（１人掛座席）を２台連結した例の分解斜視図である。
【図６】同座席において、着席者のヒップポイントを通る鉛直線から前方へ測った背当支軸までの距離に対する着座感の関係、また背当の復帰力の関係について示したグラフである。
【図７】同座席において、背当支軸を通る鉛直線から前方へ測った座支軸までの距離に対する座枠の前部上昇の関係、また背当の復帰力の関係について示したグラフである。
【図８】同座席において、背当支軸を通る鉛直線から後方へ測った連結点までの距離に対する座面傾斜角の関係、また背当の復帰力の関係について示したグラフである。
【図９】従来例に係る座席の側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１　　１人掛座席
３　　基台
４　　座部
５　　背当
１０　　ギア
１１　　チェーン
１７　　基枠
１８　　背当枠
１９　　座枠
２０　　連結部材
２１　　背当支軸
２２　　座支軸
２３　　ヒップポイント
２４　　付勢部材
２７　　連結点
３０　　弾性網
３１　　弾性補助部材
３２　　剛性枠
３７　　座クッション[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to seats used in vehicles (buses, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, etc.), theaters, movie theaters, and the like.
[0002]
Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention
(1) In a seat in which the backrest can be reclined, the sitting comfort and the degree of fatigue when sitting for a long time differ depending on the opening angle between the backrest and the seat after reclining. In the type in which the angle of the seat does not change even when the backrest is reclined, the opening angle increases, so that the sitting comfort greatly changes, or the body easily shifts forward, and the degree of fatigue may increase. is there. Therefore, various types have been developed in which when the backrest is reclined, the seat also tilts so that the rear portion thereof descends so that the opening angle does not increase. The seat 51 shown in FIG. 9 includes a seat frame 52 whose rear side moves up and down with a seat frame base shaft 53 on the front side of the seat frame 52 as a fulcrum, and a back support shaft provided slightly forward of the rear end of the seat frame 52. A back support frame 55 is provided, which is raised and lowered in the front-rear direction with the fulcrum 54 as a fulcrum. The back support frame 55 and the seat frame 52 are rotatably connected by a cooperation shaft 56 provided behind the back support base shaft 54. Therefore, when the backrest frame 55 is reclined, the rear side of the seat frame 52 is lowered. The backrest frame 55 is urged by a restoring mechanism such as a gas spring in a direction to return from reclining and returns to the original position (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
[0003]
According to Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, the relative positional relationship of the seat frame base shaft 53, the backrest base shaft 54, and the cooperation shaft 56 in the front-rear direction can be read as described above. However, since the absolute positions of these shafts 53, 54, 56 in the front-rear direction are not described in the specification, the approximate position can only be estimated from the drawings. There are a plurality of factors of the absolute positions and relative distances of the shafts 53, 54, 56, and the factors influence each other. Therefore, the pressing force for reclining the backrest and the urging force for returning the backrest. It was also found that it was very difficult to optimally set the degree of tilt of the seat frame.
[0004]
(2) Next, for the purpose of assisting the elasticity of the seat cushion from the viewpoint of sitting comfort, a plurality of springs (for example, refer to Patent Document 3) or a uniform elastic body that can expand and contract (for example, see Patent There is known a seat in which an elastic auxiliary member such as a highly elastic rubber material (see, for example, Patent Document 5) unevenly and integrally molded is stretched and a seat cushion is mounted thereon. I have.
[0005]
However, these elastic auxiliary members have either a problem of heavy weight, a complicated structure for mounting to the seat frame, or a high cost, and none of these problems has been solved. Was.
[0006]
(3) Next, in many railway vehicle seats, in order to change the direction of the vehicle with the change of direction of the vehicle, the seat is provided rotatably around a vertical axis and manually rotated. (For example, see Patent Document 6). Some are rotated by a motor.
[0007]
In the case of manual rotation, it is necessary to rotate each one separately, whether it is a one-seat seat or a two- or three-seat seat. However, there is a problem that it takes time and effort because there are many cases. In the case of rotating by a motor, a large number of seats can be rotated at the same time, but this requires complicated and expensive motor equipment.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 2-4444 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-46691 [Patent Document 3]
Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-open No. Hei 2-124052 [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-72250 [Patent Document 5]
JP 2001128783 A [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-6-40334
Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to not only maintain a good sitting comfort by tilting the seat when the backrest is reclined, but also to determine the degree of tilting of the seat, the pressing force when reclining, and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a seat with an optimized biasing force when returning.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a seat that is light in weight, has a simple structure for attaching to a seat frame, and realizes a low-cost elastic auxiliary member so that a seat cushion portion can be thinned.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a seat that can efficiently rotate a one-seat seat for turning.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, a seat according to the present invention has the following features (1), (2), or (3).
(1) A backrest support shaft is provided in a range of -10 to 50 mm forward of a vertical line passing through the hip point of the occupant so as to be able to recline the backrest frame, and the backrest frame is always returned from reclining. A biasing member for biasing in the direction is provided, and a seating support shaft for tiltably supporting the seat frame in a range of 100 to 200 mm forward of a vertical line passing through the back support shaft so that the rear portion thereof can be lowered and raised. A seating person reclines the backrest frame by providing a connection point where the connection member extending from the backrest frame is connected to the seat frame within a distance range of 70 to 110 mm behind the vertical line passing through the back support shaft. Sometimes, the backrest can be easily weighted and the backrest can be pressed with an appropriate pressing force.In addition, the back of the seat frame whose connection point is pushed down by the connection member in conjunction with the reclining of the backrest is appropriate. On the other hand, the front part does not rise as much as possible, and when the urging member returns the backrest frame from reclining by the urging force, it is surely returned by the appropriate urging force that realizes an appropriate pressing force A seat that can be let. Here, each distance range indicated by a numerical value is a distance range when the backrest frame is in the upright return state before reclining.
[0011]
This seat is optimally set for a seated person having a body weight of 45 to 100 kg centering on a standard body weight of 60 kg. As shown in FIG. 1, the hip point of the occupant in this specification is a point 80 mm above the seat surface in the vertical direction and 125 mm in front of the backrest surface in the horizontal direction based on the occupant having the standard weight of 60 kg (seat right and left Direction center).
[0012]
The graph of FIG. 6 shows the relationship of the “feeling of sitting” when the backrest frame 18 is reclined with respect to the distance L1 from the vertical line passing through the hip point of the seated person to the backrest support shaft 21, and This shows the relationship of the "return force" required to return the backrest 5 by the urging force of the urging member 24. Seating sensation is evaluated in two stages: insufficient, good, and restoring power is evaluated in three stages: insufficient, good, and excessive.
Regarding the seating sensation, when the distance L1 is smaller than −20 mm (more than 20 mm behind the vertical line passing through the hip point), when reclining the backrest, the downward component of the vector toward the backrest frame 18 becomes too small, Since the amount of lowering of the rear portion of the seat frame 19 is too small (in combination with the reduction of L3 described later), it is difficult for the occupant to recline by putting weight on the backrest, and Since the driver feels the displacement and feels the opening angle between the backrest and the seat large, the seating feeling is insufficient. If the distance L1 is −20 to 80 mm, when the backrest is reclined, the downward component of the vector to which the backrest frame 18 is directed becomes moderate, and this is coupled with the fact that L3 described later becomes moderate. The moderate amount of lowering of the rear portion of the frame 19 allows the occupant to easily carry the weight by resting on the backrest and to recline, and does not feel the gap between the back and the backrest, and opens between the backrest and the seat. Since the corners do not feel large, the sitting feeling is good. If the distance L1 is larger than 80 mm, the downward component of the vector toward the backrest frame 18 becomes too large when the backrest is reclined. When the amount of lowering of the rear portion becomes excessive, the seating feeling becomes insufficient.
Regarding the restoring force, if the distance L1 is smaller than −10 mm, even if the urging force of the urging member 24 is appropriate, the backrest support shaft 21 approaches the point where the urging force acts on the backrest frame 18. , The restoring force is insufficient. If the distance L1 is -10 to 50 mm, and if the urging force of the urging member 24 is appropriate, the back support shaft 21 is appropriately separated from the point where the urging force acts on the back support frame 18, so that the return is performed. Power is good. If the distance L1 is greater than 50 mm, the back support shaft 21 is too far away from the point where the urging force acts on the back frame 18 even if the urging force of the urging member 24 is appropriate, so that the return force is excessive. It becomes.
Therefore, the range of L1 at which both the seating feeling and the restoring force are good is −10 to 50 mm, in other words, the backrest is within a distance range of −10 to 50 mm forward of the vertical line passing through the hip point. That is, the shaft 21 is provided.
[0013]
The graph of FIG. 7 shows that the front part rises as the rear part of the seat frame 19 descends with respect to the distance L2 from the vertical line passing through the back support shaft 21 to the seat support shaft 22 measured forward. And the "return force" required to return the backrest 5 by the urging force of the urging member 24. The front rise is evaluated in two stages: good and excessive, and the resilience is evaluated in three stages: insufficient, good and excessive.
Regarding the front elevation, if the distance L2 is smaller than 80 mm, the seat support shaft 22 is separated from the front of the seat frame 19, so that the front elevation becomes excessive, and the seated person's knees are lifted up too much, and the sitting feeling is impaired. It is. If the distance L2 is 80 mm or more, the seat support shaft 22 approaches the front part of the seat frame 19, so that the front part does not rise much, so that the seating feeling is not impaired.
Regarding the restoring force, if the distance L2 is smaller than 80 mm, the seat support shaft 22 is too close to the connecting point 27 of the connecting member 20, and the urging member 24 returns the backrest frame 18 together with the seat frame 19. Since the pulling force required to lift the rear portion at the connection point 27 is too small, the returning force is too large. If the distance L2 is 100 to 200 mm, the seat support shaft 22 is appropriately separated from the connection point 27, and the lifting force becomes appropriate, so that the return force is good. If the distance L2 is larger than 200 mm, the seat support shaft 22 is too far from the connection point 27, and the pulling force becomes excessive, so that the return force becomes insufficient.
Therefore, the range of L2 at which both the front elevation and the restoring force are good is 100 to 200 mm. In other words, the range of L2 is 100 to 200 mm forward of the vertical line passing through the back support shaft 21. That is, the shaft 22 is provided.
[0014]
The graph of FIG. 8 shows the relationship of the inclination angle “seat surface inclination angle” of the upper surface of the seat portion 4 with respect to the distance L3 from the vertical line passing through the back support shaft 21 to the connection point 27 of the connection member 20, Also, the relationship of the "return force" required to return the backrest 5 by the urging force of the urging member 24 is shown. All are evaluated on three levels: insufficient, good, and excessive. When the distance L3 is smaller than 70 mm, the connecting point 27 is too close to the seat support shaft 22. Therefore, even if the rear part of the seat frame 19 is pushed down at the connecting point 27, the seat tilt angle becomes insufficient. The seating feeling is impaired because the opening angle increases. If the distance L3 is 70 to 120 mm, preferably 90 to 120 mm, the connection point 27 is appropriately separated from the seat support shaft 22. Therefore, when the rear part of the seat frame 19 is pushed down at the connection point 27, the seat surface inclination angle becomes Moderate, and a good sitting feeling can be obtained. If the distance L3 is larger than 120 mm, the connection point 27 is too far away from the seat support shaft 22. Therefore, when the rear part of the seat frame 19 is pushed down at the connection point 27, the inclination angle of the seat surface becomes excessive, and the hip point feels sinking. Therefore, the seating feeling is impaired.
Regarding the restoring force, if the distance L3 is smaller than 50 mm, the pulling force required to pull up the rear part of the seat frame 19 at the connection point 27 together with the urging member 24 returning the backrest frame 18 becomes too small. Therefore, the restoring force becomes excessive. If the distance L3 is 50 to 110 mm, the pulling force is appropriate, and the return force is good. If the distance L3 is larger than 110 mm, the pulling force becomes excessively large, and the restoring force becomes insufficient.
Therefore, the range of L3 at which both the seat surface inclination angle and the restoring force are good is 70 to 110 mm, preferably 90 to 110 mm. In other words,
The connection point 27 is provided in a distance range of 70 to 110 mm, preferably 90 to 110 mm behind a vertical line passing through the back support shaft 21.
[0015]
Although the "biasing member" is not particularly limited, a hydraulic cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder can be exemplified. In the case of a hydraulic cylinder, the biasing force is not particularly limited.However, a moderate pressing force including a weight required for reclining the backrest, a moderate returning force, and the availability and cost of the hydraulic cylinder are reduced. Considering this, 350 to 500 N is appropriate, and 380 to 460 N is more appropriate. Further, the urging force may be fixed at a specific level between the initial reclining and the final reclining, or may be a characteristic that changes.
[0016]
(2) A seat in which an elastic auxiliary member formed by stretching an elastic net on a rectangular annular rigid frame is attached to a seat frame, and a seat cushion made of an elastic porous body is installed on the elastic net.
[0017]
The “elastic net” is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include a fiber linear body knitted, for example, a fiber linear body stacked vertically and horizontally and joined at contact points. The material of the linear body is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyester and tetron. The structure for attaching the elastic auxiliary member to the seat frame is not particularly limited, but after fastening one side of the rigid frame to one side of the seat frame by a fitting structure, screwing the opposite side of the rigid frame to the opposite side of the seat frame. Thereby, the structure attached to the seat frame can be exemplified.
[0018]
(3) A plurality of single-seats rotatably provided around a vertical axis for direction change are installed next to each other, and when one of the single-seats is rotated, the other single-seat also rotates in conjunction with it. A seat provided with an interlocking mechanism for mechanically interlocking the rotation of the plurality of single-seat seats.
[0019]
Although the interlocking mechanism is not particularly limited, a mechanism including a rotating body that rotates together with the vertical axis of each seat and a transmission member such as a chain or a toothed belt hung between the rotating bodies can be exemplified.
[0020]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described based on the drawings as a form in which the present invention is embodied in a seat. Note that the numerical values described in the embodiments are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.
[0021]
1 to 5 show a vehicle seat of a railway vehicle according to the present invention, in which two single-seats 1 (width of about 640 mm, length of about 670 mm, and height of about 1150 mm) are supported by leg portions 2. The bases 3 are arranged side by side at intervals of 750 mm to 850 mm. The one-seat 1 is supported by a seat 4 provided with cushioning material and the like, a backrest 5 supported by the seat 4 so as to be reclined by about 17 °, and, for example, supported by the seat 4. A basic configuration including an armrest 6 is provided.
The single-seat seat 1 of the vehicle seat is provided with an interlocking mechanism for mechanically interlocking the rotation when changing the direction of the two single-seat seats 1 in accordance with a change in the traveling direction of the vehicle. I have. This is achieved by depressing the pedal 7 provided on the leg 2 on the side of the aisle, releasing the lock, and rotating the one-seat seat 1 on the side of the aisle relative to the base around a vertical axis substantially at the center of the own seat. That is, the other one-seat seat 1 can rotate in relation to the base 3 around a substantially central vertical axis of the other one-seat seat 1.
The mechanism of this interlocking mechanism is as follows: a pair of gears 10 supported on the leg 2 by a shaft (not shown) inside the leg 2 and the base 3 immediately below each one-seat 1; A chain 11 that meshes with the gear 10 to move the pair of gears 10 together, a pair of sprockets 12 and 12 that prevent the chain 11 from being loosened when the chain 11 is stretched, and a tension for applying tension to the chain 11. And a gear 13. The pair of gears 10 are configured to rotate together with the corresponding single-seat seat 1 via a rotating disk 14.
[0022]
The internal frame that supports the seat portion 4 and the backrest 5 of the single-seat 1 includes a base frame 17, a backrest frame 18, a seat frame 19, and a connecting member 20. In addition, the hip point 23 of the occupant (weight of about 60 kg) is present at a point 80 mm vertically above the seat 4 and 125 mm forward horizontally from the backrest in the single-seat seat 1 not reclining. I have.
[0023]
The base frame 17 is fixed to the rotating disk 14 above the base 3 below the base frame 17 and transmits the rotation of the gear 10 to the one-seat seat 1. The plane shape of the base frame 17 is substantially square, and the side surface shape is substantially an elliptical shape. At the upper ends of both side surfaces, a back support shaft 21 is positioned forward of a vertical line passing through the hip point 23 of the seated person. At a distance of 0.1 mm (distance L1 in FIG. 1) and at a distance of 115.0 mm below a horizontal line passing through the hip point 23 of the occupant, the backrest frame 18 is pivotally supported so as to be reclined. A seat support shaft 22 is provided at the front end of each side surface, and the seat frame 19 is lowered and raised at a distance of 130.0 mm (distance L2 in FIG. 1) forward of a vertical line passing through the back support shaft 21. It is provided so as to be pivotally supported.
The front shape of the backrest frame 18 is substantially rectangular, and the side shape is a substantially straight shape with the lower part bent forward, and is attached to the backrest support shaft 21 at the front ends of both side surfaces of the backrest frame 18. Further, an urging member 24 for urging the backrest frame 18 in a direction to always return from the reclining is provided so as to connect the rear end of the base frame 17 and a substantially central part of the backrest frame 18.
The planar shape of the seat frame 19 is substantially square, and the side shape is substantially linear with a slightly raised rear portion. A seat support shaft 22 is mounted on a seat support shaft mounting portion 26 that is provided downward on the front side of both sides of the seat frame 19. Further, a connecting member 20 extending from a bent portion on both sides of the backrest frame 18 is axially attached to a connecting point 27 at a connecting member mounting portion 28 provided upward from the rear ends of both sides of the seat frame 19. Have been. The connection point 27 is provided at a distance of 92.2 mm (distance L3 in FIG. 1) behind the vertical line passing through the back support shaft 21 when the vehicle is not reclining.
[0024]
Since the back support shaft 21 is provided in front of a vertical line passing through the hip point 23, when the occupant reclines the back support frame 18, the back support 5 can be easily weighted and the back support 5 can be moderated. It can be pressed by pressing force. The seat frame 19 in which the connecting point 27 is pushed down by the connecting member 20 in conjunction with the reclining that occurs with the back support shaft 21 of the back support 5 serving as a fulcrum, While it descends with an appropriate amount of descent, the front part is kept as low as possible.
When the urging member 24 returns the backrest frame 18 from reclining by the urging force, the backrest frame 18 can be surely returned by an appropriate urging force for achieving an appropriate pressing force. In the present embodiment, the urging member 24 has a characteristic of 412 N at the start of pushing and a maximum of 441 N at the start of pushing.
[0025]
In the one-seat seat 1 not reclined, the upper surface of the seat portion 4 is inclined upward by 8 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, and the substantially central portion of the front surface of the backrest 5 is positioned 21 ° rearward with respect to the vertical surface. It is a mode in which it is inclined. When the seat is reclined backward by the maximum of 17 °, the upper surface of the seat portion 4 is inclined upward by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. Therefore, the front side of the upper surface of the seat portion 4 rises by 7 ° and the rear side of the upper surface of the seat portion 4 descends from the state in which the reclining is not performed with the seat support shaft 22 as a fulcrum.
[0026]
Inside the seat 4, an elastic auxiliary member 31 formed by stretching an elastic net 30 resin-adhered so that the adhesive resin can sufficiently enter the mesh over the entire periphery of the rectangular annular rigid frame 32 is provided. It is attached so as to be inscribed in the seat frame 19. A seat cushion 37 made of an elastic porous body and having a thickness of about 50 mm is provided on the elastic net 30. On the upper surface of the elastic auxiliary member 31, one surface of two surface fasteners 38 (for example, Velcro tape (trade name)) parallel to the left-right direction of the single-seat 1 is attached, and the elastic net 30 is stretched over the rigid frame 32. The other surface is arranged at a corresponding position on the lower surface of the seat cushion 37.
[0027]
The method of attaching the elastic auxiliary member 31 to the seat frame 19 is as follows. First, the first attaching portion 33 having a hook-like cross section, which is provided on the upper surface of the rear frame of the seat frame 19 and protrudes inward of the seat frame 19, A rear frame 31a of the rigid frame 32 of the elastic auxiliary member 31 is fitted to a pair of second mounting portions 34 provided on the lower surface of the rear frame of the frame 19 and protruding inward of the seat frame 19 by a fitting structure. Get engaged. After that, the front frame 31b on the opposite side of the rigid frame 32 is installed on the pair of third mounting portions 35 provided on the side surfaces of the front frame of the seat frame 19 and protruding inward of the seat frame 19. Lastly, from the upper part of the elastic auxiliary member 31, a fastener 36 to be screwed to the upper surface of the front frame of the seat frame 19 is projected inwardly of the seat frame 19 so that the upper surface of the rigid frame 32 of the elastic auxiliary member 31 is pressed down. , The front frame 31 b of the elastic auxiliary member 31 is sandwiched between the third mounting portion 35 and the fastener 36, and the elastic auxiliary member 31 is mounted on the seat frame 19.
[0028]
According to the vehicle seat configured as described above, the following effects (1), (2), (3), and (4) can be obtained.
(1) By optimizing the positional relationship among the hip point 23, the back support shaft 21, the seat support shaft 22, and the connection point 27 and the biasing force of the biasing member 24, the seat portion of the occupant can be reclined when reclining. The seating feeling, the restoring force of the backrest frame, the rising of the front end of the seat frame, the inclination angle of the seat surface, and the like are in favorable states, and a stable sitting comfort can be maintained.
(2) By installing the elastic auxiliary member 31 inside the seat part 4, the seat cushion 37 provided on the upper part can be made thin and lightweight. Further, by providing two pairs of hook-and-loop fasteners 38 corresponding to the upper surface of the elastic assisting member 31 and the lower surface of the seat cushion 37, the elastic assisting member for the seated / stand-up of the occupant, the movement of the occupant when reclining, etc. The gap between the cushion 31 and the cushion 37 is prevented.
(3) The elastic auxiliary member 31 can be easily attached to the seat frame 19 by engagement by fitting and screwing.
(4) When two single-seat seats 1 are arranged in a row in front and rear, the single-seat seats 1 are configured to be rotatable about the axis of each single-seat seat 1, and the two are arranged in the base. By cooperating with the gear and the chain, the seats arranged in front and rear do not interfere with each other, and the one-seat seats 1 arranged in parallel can be efficiently rotated in conjunction with each other.
[0029]
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be embodied with appropriate modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention, for example, as described below.
(1) It is used for the configuration of the internal frame of each of the two-seat seats, not the one-seat seats.
(2) The biasing member is electrically driven. At that time, the positional relationship between the hip point, the back support shaft, the seat support shaft, and the connection point is the same.
(3) When three single-seat seats are arranged side by side on the same base, when one single-seat seat is rotated, the remaining gears and chains provided in the base are used. The two single-seat seats are rotated in conjunction with each other.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, according to the seat according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the backrest is reclined, the seat also tilts to maintain good sitting comfort, and the degree of tilting of the seat can be improved. In addition, there is an excellent effect that the pressing force at the time of reclining and the urging force at the time of returning can be optimized.
[0031]
According to the seat according to the second and third aspects of the present invention, it is possible to realize an elastic auxiliary member that is lightweight, has a simple structure for attaching to the seat frame, and is low in cost, and can make the seat cushion portion thin. It has excellent effects.
[0032]
According to the seat according to the fourth aspect of the invention, there is an excellent effect that the one-seat seat can be efficiently rotated for the direction change.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial side view showing a backrest frame, a seat frame, a connecting member, and the like before a backrest reclining in a seat according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial side view showing a backrest frame, a seat frame, a connecting member, and the like before the backrest reclining.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a base frame, a backrest frame, a seat frame, and the like constituting the seat.
FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an attachment structure of an elastic auxiliary member to the seat frame.
FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of an example in which two of the same seats (single seats) are connected.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between a seating sensation with respect to a distance from a vertical line passing through a hip point of a seated person to a back support shaft measured forward and a relationship between a backrest restoring force and a seat back.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a distance from a vertical line passing through a back support shaft to a seat support shaft measured forward, a rise of a front portion of a seat frame, and a return force of a back support in the seat. is there.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the vertical line passing through the back support shaft to the connection point measured rearward and the inclination angle of the seat surface, and the relationship between the backrest restoring force and the backrest.
FIG. 9 is a side view of a seat according to a conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Single seat 3 Base 4 Seat 5 Backrest 10 Gear 11 Chain 17 Base frame 18 Backrest frame 19 Seat frame 20 Connection member 21 Back support shaft 22 Seat support shaft 23 Hip point 24 Biasing member 27 Connection point Reference Signs List 30 elastic net 31 elastic auxiliary member 32 rigid frame 37 seat cushion

Claims

着席者のヒップポイントを通る鉛直線より前方へ−１０〜５０ｍｍの距離範囲に背当枠をリクライニング可能に軸支する背当支軸を設け、前記背当枠を常にはリクライニングから復帰させる方向に付勢する付勢部材を設け、前記背当支軸を通る鉛直線より前方へ１００〜２００ｍｍの距離範囲に座枠をその後部が下降及び上昇するよう傾動可能に軸支する座支軸を設け、前記背当支軸を通る鉛直線より後方へ７０〜１１０ｍｍの距離範囲に前記背当枠から延びる連結部材が前記座枠に連結される連結点を設けることにより、
着座者が前記背当枠をリクライニングさせるときには、背当に体重をかけやすくするとともに背当を適度な押圧力で押圧できるようにし、また、背当のリクライニングと連動して前記連結部材により前記連結点が押し下げられる前記座枠はその後部が適度な下降量で下降する反面、前部が極力上昇しないようにし、
前記付勢部材がその付勢力により前記背当枠をリクライニングから復帰させるときには、前記適度な押圧力を実現する適度な付勢力によって確実に復帰させることができるようにした座席。A back support shaft is provided in a range of -10 to 50 mm forward of a vertical line passing through the hip point of the occupant so that the back support frame can be reclined, and the back support frame is always returned from the reclining direction. A biasing member for biasing is provided, and a seat support shaft is provided in a distance range of 100 to 200 mm forward of a vertical line passing through the back support shaft so as to tiltably support the seat frame so that a rear portion thereof can be lowered and raised. By providing a connection point at which a connection member extending from the back support frame is connected to the seat frame within a distance range of 70 to 110 mm behind a vertical line passing through the back support shaft,
When the occupant reclines the backrest frame, the backrest can be easily weighted, and the backrest can be pressed with an appropriate pressing force. The seat frame whose point is pushed down, while the rear part descends with an appropriate descending amount, but the front part does not rise as much as possible,
When the urging member returns the backrest frame from reclining by the urging force, the seat can be surely returned by an appropriate urging force realizing the appropriate pressing force.

四角環状の剛性枠に弾性網が張設されてなる弾性補助部材を座枠に取り付け、前記弾性網の上に弾性多孔体よりなる座クッションを設置した座席。A seat in which an elastic auxiliary member having an elastic net stretched over a rectangular annular rigid frame is attached to a seat frame, and a seat cushion made of an elastic porous body is installed on the elastic net.

前記弾性補助部材は、前記剛性枠の一辺を前記座枠の一辺に嵌合構造により係着した後、前記剛性枠の対辺を前記座枠の対辺にネジ止めすることにより、前記座枠に取り付けた請求項２記載の座席。The elastic auxiliary member is attached to the seat frame by fastening one side of the rigid frame to one side of the seat frame by a fitting structure, and then screwing the opposite side of the rigid frame to the opposite side of the seat frame. The seat according to claim 2.

方向転換のために垂直軸の周りに回転可能に設けた１人掛座席を複数台隣設し、いずれかの１人掛座席を回転させると他の１人掛座席も連動して回転するように前記複数台の１人掛座席の回転を機械的に連動させる連動機構を設けた座席。A plurality of one-seat seats rotatably provided around a vertical axis for changing the direction are provided next to each other, and when one of the one-seat seats is rotated, the other one-seat seat is also rotated in conjunction therewith. A seat provided with an interlocking mechanism for mechanically interlocking rotation of the plurality of single-seat seats.