JP2004100787A - Metal bellows tube and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Metal bellows tube and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004100787A
JP2004100787A JP2002262072A JP2002262072A JP2004100787A JP 2004100787 A JP2004100787 A JP 2004100787A JP 2002262072 A JP2002262072 A JP 2002262072A JP 2002262072 A JP2002262072 A JP 2002262072A JP 2004100787 A JP2004100787 A JP 2004100787A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
tube
bellows
metal
metal bellows
peaks
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JP2002262072A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuo Koizumi
小泉 一夫
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ORK KK
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ORK KK
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Priority to JP2002262072A priority Critical patent/JP2004100787A/en
Priority to KR1020057003882A priority patent/KR100970407B1/en
Priority to AU2003261920A priority patent/AU2003261920A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/011282 priority patent/WO2004023017A1/en
Priority to US10/526,496 priority patent/US7556065B2/en
Priority to DE60326599T priority patent/DE60326599D1/en
Priority to CA2497748A priority patent/CA2497748C/en
Priority to CNB038211637A priority patent/CN1323256C/en
Priority to EP03794215A priority patent/EP1536172B1/en
Publication of JP2004100787A publication Critical patent/JP2004100787A/en
Priority to HK05110754.0A priority patent/HK1076305A1/en
Priority to HK06101146A priority patent/HK1078637A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a metal bellows tube greatly improving bending fatigue resistance than that of a conventional one. <P>SOLUTION: The cross section of crests 2 and troughs 3 in a bellows tube wall 1 of the metal bellows tube 10 has a V shape. The pitch of the bellows is preferable to be 1.5mm or less and the height of the crest is preferable to be 0.5-4.0mm. This metal bellow tube is especially suited to a flexible tube and materializes the flexible tube with superior durability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は金属製ベローズ管およびその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
金属製ベローズ管は、管壁が蛇腹状の金属管であり、伸縮させたり、たわみを与えたり、曲げることも可能であることから、例えば、産業設備・装置の可動配管;鉄鋼、石油精製、石油化学、電力及びその他の基幹産業におけるプラント配管等における熱伸縮、振動、耐震、免震、地盤沈下等の変位吸収の目的で使用されている。
【0003】
金属製ベローズ管(以下、単に「ベローズ管」ともいう。)は、従来、所要断面形状にプレス加工した円盤を複数枚重ね、互いに隣接する円盤の内周縁と外周縁とを溶接することで製造されてきた。しかし、この方法は製造手数が多くなり、大量生産には適さないため、金属ベローズ管を高価にし、また、溶接部に応力が作用するとその部分で破断や亀裂が生じやすく、耐久性が十分でなかった。そこで、金属管(素管)からベローズ管を製造する方法が開発されている。かかる方法としては、例えば、液圧成形法、エラストマー成形法、連続ダイス成形法等が挙げられる。
【0004】
液圧成形法は、金属管の外周に環状の成形型を一定の間隔で配置し、この状態で管の内部に液体を満たし、加圧することで金属管の管壁を蛇腹状に成形する方法である。また、エラストマー成形法は、成形金型と芯金間に金属管をセットした状態で弾性体(エラストマー)を金属管内の所定部位に挿入し、該弾性体をその両端(管の長さ方向の両端)から加圧することで金属管の所定部位を弾性体の加圧変形力により膨出させ、ついで該膨出部を成形金型で圧縮成形するという作業を、金属管の長さ方向に成形部位を移動しながら繰り返し行って蛇腹を形成する方法である。連続ダイス成形法は、ベアリングを介装させたダイスホルダーに取り付けられた波付けダイスの中に金属管を通し、管の中心とダイスの中心を偏心するように支持して、波付けダイスを管の中心の回りに回転させながらダイスの突起を金属管に食い込ませて連続的に円周溝を形成し、管壁を蛇腹状に形成する方法である。これらの方法の詳細は、下記の非特許文献1に記載されている。
【0005】
ところで、近時において金属製ベローズ管の用途はさらに拡大しており、それに伴って、金属製ベローズ管のフレキシビリティーの更なる向上、特に曲げ変形を繰り返した時の耐久性(すなわち、耐曲げ疲労性)の更なる向上が望まれている。しかしながら、金属製ベローズ管の耐曲げ疲労性を十分に向上し得る技術は未だ十分に確立されていない。
【0006】
【非特許文献1】
塑性と加工(日本塑性加工学会誌) 第32巻 第366号(1991−7)
第818〜823頁
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明は、従来よりも耐曲げ疲労性が十分に向上した金属製ベローズ管およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究した結果、金属製ベローズ管の耐曲げ疲労性の向上には、蛇腹状の管壁における蛇腹のピッチをより小さくすることが有効であることを知見し、かかる知見に基づきさらに研究を重ねた結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がV字状である、金属製ベローズ管、
(2)蛇腹のピッチが1.5mm以下であり、かつ、山の高さが0.5〜4.0mmである、上記(1)記載の金属製ベローズ管、
(3)蛇腹状管壁の壁厚が0.1〜0.3mmである、上記(2)記載の金属製ベローズ管、
(4)管外径が4.5〜20mmである、上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の金属製ベローズ管、及び
(5)蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状の金属製ベローズ素管を作製し、次いで、該素管を管の長さ方向に圧縮して蛇腹状管壁の隣接する山同士及び谷同士を密着させ、さらにプレス加工で各山の内部空間及び隣接する山の間の隙間が実質的になくなるまで加圧成形した後、該加圧成形後の素管を、隣接する山の頂部間の間隔が所定の間隔になるまで、管の長さ方向へ引き伸ばすことを特徴とする、金属製ベローズ管の製造方法、に関する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明をより詳細に説明する。
図1は本発明の金属製ベローズ管の一例の一部正面断面図であり、本発明の金属製ベローズ管は、当該一例の金属製ベローズ管10のように、蛇腹状管壁1における山2及び谷3の断面形状がV字状であることが主たる特徴である。なお、管の外形は通常円筒状である。
ここで、「山」とは、蛇腹状管壁1における管の外部側へ突出する部位であり、「谷」とは蛇腹状管壁1における管の内部側へ突出する部位である。また、「山及び谷の断面形状」とは、「山」及び「谷」を管の軸線Lを含む平面で切った断面の形状を意味し、「山及び谷の断面形状がV字状である」とは、図1に示すように、前記断面に現れる山2の管内部側の面及び谷3の管外部側の面の各端辺(切断線)がV字を成して折れ曲がった状態にあることを意味する。なお、当該折れ曲がった端辺(切断線)の頂部は曲率半径0.4mm以下の曲線を成していてもよい。
【0011】
かかる本発明の蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がV字状である金属製ベローズ管は、後述の本発明の製造方法によって実現され、前記従来の技術で説明した、液圧成形法、エラストマー成形法、連続ダイス成形法では製造することができない。なお、従来の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法によって形成される蛇腹状管壁の「山」及び「谷」の断面形状は「U字状」である。該「U字状」とは、「山」の管内部側の面及び「谷」の管外部側の面が湾曲している(図3の状態にある)ことである。
【0012】
本発明の金属製ベローズ管は、蛇腹状管壁1における山2及び谷3の断面形状がV字状であることで、曲げ変形しやすく、かつ、蛇腹状の管壁1における蛇腹のピッチを小さくすることができる。
ここで、「蛇腹のピッチ」とは、図1中の隣接する2つの山3の頂部間の間隔D1であり、該「蛇腹のピッチ(間隔D1)」は、ベローズ管10の管長さ方向における少なくとも繰り返しの曲げ運動に寄与する部分では実質的に同じであり、通常、管の長さ方向全体で実質的に同じである。なお、「実質的に同じ」とは、意図的にピッチを変更していないという意味であり、製造上の誤差で生ずるピッチの変動は許容される。
【0013】
本発明のベローズ管は、蛇腹状管壁1における山と谷の断面形状がV字状であることから、蛇腹状管壁1の厚みを過剰に小さくせずに、ピッチD1を1.5mm以下、好ましくは1.0mm以下、より好ましくは0.8mm以下にすることができる。これにより、山と谷がV字状であることに加え、蛇腹のピッチが十分に小さくなることから、高いフレキシビリティーを有し、管壁の厚みも十分に確保されるので、耐曲げ疲労性が極めて向上する。ただし、ピッチD1が小さ過ぎると、隣接する山(谷)同士が干渉することから、フレキシビリティーが低下するので、本発明において、ピッチD1の下限は0.3mm以上が好ましく、0.4mm以上がより好ましい。
なお、従来の製造方法で製造される蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状のベローズ管においては、蛇腹のピッチは小さいものでも1.5mmを超えている。
【0014】
蛇腹状管壁1の壁厚(図1中の符号S)は、ベローズ管の外径、材質等によっても異なるが、一般に0.1〜0.3mm程度が好ましく、0.1〜0.2mm程度がより好ましい。これは、蛇腹状管壁1の壁厚が0.1mm未満であると、蛇腹加工する前の素管そのものの製造が困難で、ベローズ管を高価なものにし、一方、蛇腹状管壁1の壁厚が0.3mmより大きい場合は、ベローズ管が曲がりにくくなることから、耐曲げ疲労性が低下してしまう。
【0015】
本発明のベローズ管では、蛇腹状管壁における蛇腹のピッチを上記のように小さくできるが、かかるピッチを小さくした蛇腹の状態を、管の長さ方向の単位長さ(1cm)当たりの山の数で表した場合、山の数が6〜34個(好ましくは10〜25個)である。
【0016】
また、本発明のベローズ管において、蛇腹状管壁1における山2の高さ(図1中の符号H1)は0.5〜4.0mmが好ましく、1.0〜3.0mmがより好ましい。これは、山2の高さが大きくなると、ベローズ管の伸縮の点からは好ましいが、曲げにくくなるので耐曲げ疲労性の低下につながり、山2の高さが小さくなると、ベローズ管が曲げにくくなって、耐曲げ疲労性の低下につながるためである。
【0017】
本発明の金属製ベローズ管は、従来のそれと同様に、産業設備・装置の可動配管、鉄鋼、石油精製、石油化学、電力及びその他の基幹産業におけるプラント配管等に使用でき、また、ベローズ式伸縮管継手の伸縮管(ベローズ)としても使用できるが、フレキシブルチューブとして特に好適に使用することができる。フレキシブルチューブとは、主に流体を流しながら、繰り返しの曲げ運動がなされる用途で使用される比較的管の外径が小さいベローズ管であり、例えば、車両用ブレーキシステムの油圧装置や各種産業用液圧システムの蓄圧や脈動を吸収するための部材、自動車の燃料系、排気系及び冷媒系におけるエンジンの振動やエンジンと該配管系との相対変位等を吸収するための部材、自動車のカーエアコンの冷媒配管系における振動、相対変位の吸収するための部材等として使用される。
【0018】
本発明のベローズ管の外径(図1に示す相対する山2の頂部間の距離D2)はベローズ管の具体的用途に応じて選択され、特に制限はされないが、フレキシブルチューブとして使用する場合、4.5〜20mmが一般的であり、好ましくは5〜20mmである。また、かかるフレキシブルチューブにおいて、管の外径と内径(図1に示す相対する谷の頂部間の距離D3)との差は2〜6mmが好ましい。
【0019】
本発明のベローズ管を構成する材料は、通過させる流体に応じて適宜選択されるが、ステンレス鋼、メッキした鉄、アルミニウム、真鍮等が使用可能であり、一般的にはステンレス鋼を使用することが耐蝕性の点で好適である。
【0020】
本発明の金属製ベローズ管は以下の方法で製造することができる。
先ず、従来の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法により、蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状のベローズ管を作製する(第1工程)。該蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状のベローズ管の作製には、従来の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法の中でも、比較的細い径の管に対しても、比較的狭ピッチの蛇腹(比較的山数の多い蛇腹)を形成できる点から、連続ダイス成形法を使用するのが好ましい。連続ダイス成形法は、通常、図2に示すように、ベアリングを介装させたダイスホルダー11に取り付けられた波付けダイス12の中に金属管20を通し、管20の中心とダイス12の中心を偏心するように支持して、波付けダイス12を管20の中心の回りに回転させながらダイス12の突起13を金属管20に食い込ませて連続的に円周溝21を形成する。これによって、図3に示す、蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状の金属製ベローズ素管20Aが形成される。
当該第1工程で作製する金属製ベローズ素管20Aにおいて、蛇腹状管壁21における蛇腹のピッチD4は、1.5〜3.5mmであるのが好ましい。これは、次の第2工程での隣接する山同士及び谷同士の密着作業において、作業性が向上し、また、安定した形状(管長さ方向で一様な形状)の管を得やすくなるためである。
【0021】
上記第1工程で作製した金属製ベローズ素管20Aを、例えば、外圧縮め機を用いて、管の長さ方向に圧縮し、蛇腹状管壁21の隣接する山22同士及び谷23同士を密着させる(図4)(第2工程)。
【0022】
なお、該第2工程へ移行する前に、金属製ベローズ素管20Aを焼鈍しておくのが好ましい。該焼鈍により該第2工程と下記の第3工程で行う管の圧縮加工及び下記の第4工程で行う管の引き伸ばし加工における加工性が向上し、加工による管の疲労劣化を抑制することができる。該焼鈍は、管材料(素材)がステンレス鋼である場合、ステンレス鋼の表面に酸化スケールを形成させないために、光輝焼鈍するのが好ましい。なお、焼鈍条件は特に限定されず、金属管の素材に応じた従来公知の金属管への焼鈍条件を適用すればよいが、管材料(素材)がステンレス鋼(オーステナイト鋼)である場合の光輝焼鈍においては1010〜1100℃で焼鈍するのが好ましい。
【0023】
次に、上記の蛇腹状管壁21の隣接する山22同士及び谷23同士を密着させた金属製ベローズ素管20Aの内側にシャフトを挿入し、例えば、油圧プレス機にて、該金属製ベローズ素管20Aを長さ方向に加圧して、図4に示す各山22の内部空間24及び隣接する山22の間の隙間25が実質的になくなるまで圧縮成形する(図5)(第3工程)。なお、ここでの「山の内部空間及び隣接する山の間の隙間が実質的になくなる」とは、山及び谷を成す隣接する壁が面接触、好ましくはその全面が面接触するまで圧縮された状態を意味する。
【0024】
次に、上記加圧成形後の金属製ベローズ素管20Aの両端をチャックし、図6に示すように、隣接する山22の頂部間の間隔が所定の間隔(前記のピッチD1)になるまで当該素管を長さ方向へ引き伸ばすと、図1に示す、金属製ベローズ管10が完成する(第4工程)。
【0025】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下に記載の実施例に限定されるものでない。
【0026】
(実施例1)
ステンレス鋼製の円筒管を連続ダイス成形法により、蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状のベローズ素管(蛇腹のピッチ2.5mm)に成形した後、前述の第2〜第4工程を経て、外径9.3mm、内径5.2mm、蛇腹状管壁の厚み0.15mm、蛇腹のピッチ0.5mm(管の長さ方向1cm当たりの山の数20個)、管の全長30cmの、蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がV字状のベローズ管(フレキシブルチューブ)を作製した。
【0027】
(比較例1)
ステンレス鋼製の円筒管を連続ダイス成形法で成形して、外径9.3mm、内径5.2mm、蛇腹状管壁の厚み0.15mm、蛇腹のピッチ2.5mm(管の長さ方向1cm当たりの山の数4個)、管の全長30cmの、蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状のベローズ管(フレキシブルチューブ)を作製した。
【0028】
上記作製した実施例1および比較例1のベローズ管に対して耐曲げ疲労性試験を実施した。試験は、図7に示すように、窒素ガスにより内圧5kgf/cmGを加えた状態で90°片振りの繰り返しを行い、ガス洩れ発生までの繰り返し回数を測定することで行った。なお、繰り返し回数は、A状態→B状態→A状態を1回とした。
その結果、実施例1のベローズ管の繰り返し回数は13000回であったのに対し、比較例1のベローズ管の繰り返し回数は2200回で、実施例1のベローズ管の耐曲げ疲労性は比較例1のベローズ管に比べて約6倍優れたものであった。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明により明らかなように、本発明によれば、従来よりも耐曲げ疲労性が大きく向上した金属製ベローズ管を得ることができ、特に、耐久性に優れたフレキシブルチューブを実現することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の金属製ベローズ管の一例を示す一部正面断面図である。
【図2】本発明の金属製ベローズ管の製造に使用する一例の装置の断面図である。
【図3】本発明の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法における第1工程で作製される金属製ベローズ素管を示す要部破断図である。
【図4】本発明の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法における第2工程で加工された金属製ベローズ素管を示す要部破断図である。
【図5】本発明の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法における第3工程で加工された金属製ベローズ素管を示す要部破断図である。
【図6】本発明の金属製ベローズ管の製造方法における第4工程で加工される途上の金属製ベローズ素管を示す要部破断図である。
【図7】金属製ベローズ管の耐曲げ疲労性試験の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 蛇腹状管壁
2 山
3 谷
10 金属製ベローズ管
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a metal bellows tube and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Metal bellows pipes are bellows-shaped metal pipes that can be expanded, contracted, bent, or bent. For example, movable pipes of industrial equipment and devices; steel, oil refining, It is used for the purpose of absorbing displacement such as thermal expansion and contraction, vibration, earthquake resistance, seismic isolation, and land subsidence in plant piping in petrochemical, electric power and other key industries.
[0003]
Conventionally, metal bellows pipes (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "bellows pipes") are conventionally manufactured by laminating a plurality of disks pressed into a required cross-sectional shape and welding the inner and outer peripheral edges of the disks adjacent to each other. It has been. However, this method requires a large number of manufacturing steps and is not suitable for mass production, so the metal bellows tube is expensive, and when stress is applied to the welded portion, the portion is easily broken or cracked, and the durability is sufficient. Did not. Therefore, a method of manufacturing a bellows tube from a metal tube (base tube) has been developed. Examples of such a method include a hydraulic molding method, an elastomer molding method, and a continuous die molding method.
[0004]
Hydraulic molding is a method in which annular molds are arranged at regular intervals on the outer periphery of a metal tube, and in this state, the inside of the tube is filled with liquid and pressurized to form the tube wall of the metal tube in a bellows shape. It is. In the elastomer molding method, an elastic body (elastomer) is inserted into a predetermined portion of a metal tube in a state where a metal tube is set between a molding die and a core metal, and the elastic body is inserted at both ends (in the length direction of the tube). Pressing from both ends) causes a predetermined portion of the metal tube to swell by the pressure deformation force of the elastic body, and then press-molds the swelling portion with a molding die in the longitudinal direction of the metal tube. This is a method in which the bellows is formed by repeatedly performing the movement while moving the site. In the continuous die forming method, a metal tube is passed through a corrugated die attached to a die holder with a bearing, and the center of the tube and the center of the die are supported eccentrically. In this method, a circumferential groove is continuously formed by rotating a projection of a die into a metal tube while rotating the center of the tube, and a tube wall is formed in a bellows shape. Details of these methods are described in Non-Patent Document 1 below.
[0005]
By the way, recently, the use of metal bellows tubes has been further expanded, and accordingly, the flexibility of metal bellows tubes has been further improved, particularly, the durability of the metal bellows tubes after repeated bending deformation (ie, bending resistance). Further improvement in fatigue) is desired. However, a technique capable of sufficiently improving the bending fatigue resistance of the metal bellows tube has not yet been sufficiently established.
[0006]
[Non-patent document 1]
Plasticity and Processing (Journal of the Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity) Vol. 32, No. 366 (1991-1-7)
Pages 818 to 823
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a metal bellows tube having a sufficiently improved bending fatigue resistance as compared with the related art, and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object. As a result, it has been found that it is effective to reduce the bellows pitch in the bellows-like tube wall to improve the bending fatigue resistance of the metal bellows tube. After finding out and conducting further research based on such finding, the present invention was completed.
[0009]
That is, the present invention
(1) A metal bellows tube having a V-shaped cross section of peaks and valleys in a bellows-like tube wall.
(2) The metal bellows tube according to the above (1), wherein the bellows pitch is 1.5 mm or less, and the peak height is 0.5 to 4.0 mm.
(3) The metal bellows tube according to (2) above, wherein the bellows-like tube wall has a wall thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm.
(4) The metal bellows pipe according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the pipe outer diameter is 4.5 to 20 mm, and (5) the cross-sectional shape of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like pipe wall. A U-shaped metal bellows base tube is manufactured, and then the base tube is compressed in the longitudinal direction of the tube so that adjacent peaks and valleys of the bellows-like tube wall are brought into close contact with each other. After the pressure molding is performed until the gap between the internal space and the adjacent peaks is substantially eliminated, the raw tube after the pressure molding is removed until the interval between the tops of the adjacent peaks becomes a predetermined interval. A method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube, characterized in that the tube is stretched in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
FIG. 1 is a partial front cross-sectional view of an example of a metal bellows tube of the present invention. The metal bellows tube of the present invention has a peak 2 The main feature is that the cross-sectional shape of the valley 3 is V-shaped. The outer shape of the tube is usually cylindrical.
Here, the “mountain” is a portion of the bellows-like tube wall 1 protruding to the outside of the tube, and the “valley” is a portion of the bellows-like tube wall 1 protruding to the inside of the tube. Further, the “cross-sectional shape of the peak and the valley” means a cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting the “peak” and the “valley” by a plane including the axis L of the pipe, and “the cross-sectional shape of the peak and the valley is V-shaped. As shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 1, each end (cutting line) of the inner surface of the ridge 2 and the outer surface of the valley 3 appearing in the cross section is bent in a V shape. Means in state. In addition, the top of the bent end (cutting line) may form a curve with a curvature radius of 0.4 mm or less.
[0011]
The metal bellows pipe having the V-shaped cross section of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like pipe wall of the present invention is realized by the manufacturing method of the present invention described later, and is formed by the hydraulic forming method described in the above-mentioned conventional technique. It cannot be manufactured by an elastomer molding method or a continuous die molding method. The cross-sectional shape of the “peaks” and “valleys” of the bellows-like tube wall formed by the conventional method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube is “U-shaped”. The “U-shape” means that the surface of the “mountain” on the inner side of the tube and the surface of the “valley” on the outer side of the tube are curved (in the state of FIG. 3).
[0012]
Since the metal bellows pipe of the present invention has a V-shaped cross section of the peaks 2 and the valleys 3 in the bellows-like pipe wall 1, it is easily bent and deformed, and the bellows pitch in the bellows-like pipe wall 1 is reduced. Can be smaller.
Here, the “bellows pitch” is the distance D1 between the tops of two adjacent peaks 3 in FIG. 1, and the “bellows pitch (space D1)” is in the pipe length direction of the bellows pipe 10. It is substantially the same, at least in the part contributing to the repeated bending movement, and is usually substantially the same throughout the length of the tube. Note that “substantially the same” means that the pitch has not been intentionally changed, and a change in the pitch caused by a manufacturing error is allowed.
[0013]
In the bellows pipe of the present invention, since the cross-sectional shape of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall 1 is V-shaped, the pitch D1 is 1.5 mm or less without excessively reducing the thickness of the bellows-like tube wall 1. , Preferably 1.0 mm or less, more preferably 0.8 mm or less. As a result, since the peaks and valleys have a V-shape and the bellows pitch is sufficiently small, high flexibility is achieved and the wall thickness of the pipe is sufficiently secured, so that bending fatigue resistance is reduced. The properties are greatly improved. However, if the pitch D1 is too small, adjacent peaks (valleys) interfere with each other, so that flexibility is reduced. Therefore, in the present invention, the lower limit of the pitch D1 is preferably 0.3 mm or more, and more preferably 0.4 mm or more. Is more preferred.
In a bellows tube having a U-shaped cross section of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall manufactured by the conventional manufacturing method, the bellows pitch exceeds 1.5 mm even if it is small.
[0014]
The wall thickness of the bellows-like tube wall 1 (symbol S in FIG. 1) varies depending on the outer diameter, material, and the like of the bellows tube, but is generally preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and preferably 0.1 to 0.2 mm. The degree is more preferred. If the wall thickness of the bellows-like tube wall 1 is less than 0.1 mm, it is difficult to manufacture the raw tube itself before the bellows processing, and the bellows tube becomes expensive. When the wall thickness is larger than 0.3 mm, the bellows tube becomes difficult to bend, and the bending fatigue resistance is reduced.
[0015]
In the bellows pipe of the present invention, the pitch of the bellows on the bellows-like pipe wall can be reduced as described above. However, the state of the bellows with the reduced pitch is changed to the number of peaks per unit length (1 cm) in the pipe length direction. When represented by a number, the number of peaks is 6 to 34 (preferably 10 to 25).
[0016]
In the bellows pipe of the present invention, the height of the peak 2 in the bellows-like pipe wall 1 (reference numeral H1 in FIG. 1) is preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mm, more preferably 1.0 to 3.0 mm. This is preferable in terms of expansion and contraction of the bellows pipe when the height of the peak 2 is large, but leads to a decrease in bending fatigue resistance because it is difficult to bend, and when the height of the peak 2 is small, the bellows pipe is difficult to bend. This leads to a decrease in bending fatigue resistance.
[0017]
The metal bellows pipe of the present invention can be used for movable piping of industrial equipment and equipment, steel pipe, petroleum refining, petrochemical, electric power and other key industries as well as conventional ones. Although it can be used as a telescopic tube (bellows) of a pipe joint, it can be particularly preferably used as a flexible tube. A flexible tube is a bellows tube whose outer diameter is relatively small, which is mainly used in applications where a fluid is caused to flow and a repetitive bending motion is performed, such as a hydraulic device for a vehicle brake system and various industrial applications. A member for absorbing accumulated pressure and pulsation of a hydraulic system, a member for absorbing engine vibration and a relative displacement between an engine and the piping system in a fuel system, an exhaust system, and a refrigerant system of a vehicle, a car air conditioner for a vehicle Is used as a member for absorbing vibration and relative displacement in the refrigerant piping system.
[0018]
The outer diameter of the bellows tube of the present invention (the distance D2 between the tops of the opposing peaks 2 shown in FIG. 1) is selected according to the specific use of the bellows tube, and is not particularly limited, but when used as a flexible tube, It is generally 4.5-20 mm, preferably 5-20 mm. Further, in such a flexible tube, the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the pipe (the distance D3 between the tops of the valleys shown in FIG. 1) is preferably 2 to 6 mm.
[0019]
The material constituting the bellows tube of the present invention is appropriately selected according to the fluid to be passed.Stainless steel, plated iron, aluminum, brass, and the like can be used, and generally, stainless steel is used. Is preferred in terms of corrosion resistance.
[0020]
The metal bellows tube of the present invention can be manufactured by the following method.
First, a bellows tube having a U-shaped cross section of peaks and valleys in a bellows-like tube wall is manufactured by a conventional method of manufacturing a metal bellows tube (first step). In manufacturing a bellows tube having a U-shaped cross section of peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall, a conventional method of manufacturing a metal bellows tube includes a relatively narrow tube even for a tube having a relatively small diameter. It is preferable to use a continuous die forming method because a bellows having a pitch (a bellows having a relatively large number of peaks) can be formed. In the continuous die forming method, as shown in FIG. 2, a metal pipe 20 is usually passed through a corrugated die 12 attached to a die holder 11 with a bearing interposed therebetween, and the center of the pipe 20 and the center of the die 12 are formed. The protrusion 13 of the die 12 is cut into the metal tube 20 while rotating the corrugating die 12 around the center of the tube 20 to form the circumferential groove 21 continuously. As a result, a metal bellows base tube 20A having a U-shaped cross section at the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall shown in FIG. 3 is formed.
In the metal bellows base tube 20A produced in the first step, the bellows pitch D4 on the bellows-like tube wall 21 is preferably 1.5 to 3.5 mm. This is because the workability is improved and the pipe having a stable shape (a uniform shape in the pipe length direction) is easily obtained in the contact work between the adjacent peaks and valleys in the next second step. It is.
[0021]
The metal bellows base tube 20A produced in the first step is compressed in the longitudinal direction of the tube using, for example, an external compressor, and the adjacent peaks 22 and valleys 23 of the bellows-like tube wall 21 are compressed. Adhere (FIG. 4) (second step).
[0022]
It is preferable that the metal bellows base tube 20A be annealed before the process proceeds to the second step. Due to the annealing, workability in the pipe compression processing performed in the second step and the following third step and the pipe stretching processing performed in the fourth step described below is improved, and fatigue deterioration of the pipe due to the processing can be suppressed. . When the tube material (material) is stainless steel, it is preferable to perform bright annealing in order not to form an oxide scale on the surface of the stainless steel. The annealing conditions are not particularly limited, and conventionally known annealing conditions for a metal tube according to the material of the metal tube may be applied. However, the brightness when the tube material (material) is stainless steel (austenitic steel) is used. The annealing is preferably performed at 1010 to 1100 ° C.
[0023]
Next, a shaft is inserted into the inside of the metal bellows base tube 20A in which the adjacent peaks 22 and valleys 23 of the bellows-like tube wall 21 are closely adhered to each other. The raw tube 20A is pressurized in the longitudinal direction and compression-molded until the internal space 24 of each peak 22 and the gap 25 between the adjacent peaks 22 shown in FIG. 4 are substantially eliminated (FIG. 5) (third step). ). Here, "the inner space of the mountain and the gap between the adjacent mountains are substantially eliminated" means that the adjacent walls forming the mountains and valleys are compressed until they are in surface contact, preferably, the entire surfaces are in surface contact. Means the state.
[0024]
Next, both ends of the metal bellows base tube 20A after the above-mentioned pressure molding are chucked, and as shown in FIG. 6, until the interval between the tops of the adjacent peaks 22 becomes a predetermined interval (the pitch D1). When the raw tube is stretched in the length direction, the metal bellows tube 10 shown in FIG. 1 is completed (fourth step).
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to Examples described below.
[0026]
(Example 1)
After forming a stainless steel cylindrical tube into a bellows base tube (2.5 mm bellows pitch) with a U-shaped cross section of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall by a continuous die forming method, After the fourth step, the outer diameter is 9.3 mm, the inner diameter is 5.2 mm, the thickness of the bellows-like tube wall is 0.15 mm, the bellows pitch is 0.5 mm (the number of peaks per cm in the length direction of the tube is 20), and the tube is A bellows tube (flexible tube) having a total length of 30 cm and a V-shaped cross section of peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall was produced.
[0027]
(Comparative Example 1)
A cylindrical tube made of stainless steel is formed by a continuous die forming method, and has an outer diameter of 9.3 mm, an inner diameter of 5.2 mm, a bellows-like tube wall thickness of 0.15 mm, and a bellows pitch of 2.5 mm (1 cm in the length direction of the tube). A bellows tube (flexible tube) having a U-shaped cross section of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall having a total length of 4 cm per tube) and a total length of the tube of 30 cm was prepared.
[0028]
A bending fatigue resistance test was performed on the bellows tubes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 produced above. As shown in FIG. 7, the test was performed by repeating a 90 ° pulsation while applying an internal pressure of 5 kgf / cm 2 G with nitrogen gas, and measuring the number of repetitions until gas leakage occurred. Note that the number of repetitions was set as A state → B state → A state once.
As a result, the number of repetitions of the bellows tube of Example 1 was 13,000 times, whereas the number of repetitions of the bellows tube of Comparative Example 1 was 2200 times. It was about 6 times better than the one bellows tube.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a metal bellows tube having significantly improved bending fatigue resistance compared to the conventional one, and in particular, to realize a flexible tube excellent in durability. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial front sectional view showing an example of a metal bellows pipe of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an example of an apparatus used for manufacturing the metal bellows tube of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing a metal bellows base tube manufactured in a first step in the method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing a metal bellows base tube processed in a second step in the method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing a metal bellows base tube processed in a third step in the method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary cutaway view showing a metal bellows raw tube being processed in a fourth step in the method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a bending fatigue resistance test of a metal bellows tube.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 bellows-like tube wall 2 mountain 3 valley 10 metal bellows tube

Claims (5)

蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がV字状である、金属製ベローズ管。A metal bellows tube having a V-shaped cross section of peaks and valleys in a bellows-like tube wall. 蛇腹のピッチが1.5mm以下であり、かつ、山の高さが0.5〜4.0mmである、請求項1記載の金属製ベローズ管。The metal bellows tube according to claim 1, wherein the bellows pitch is 1.5 mm or less, and the height of the peak is 0.5 to 4.0 mm. 蛇腹状管壁の壁厚が0.1〜0.3mmである、請求項2記載の金属製ベローズ管。3. The metal bellows tube according to claim 2, wherein the wall thickness of the bellows-like tube wall is 0.1 to 0.3 mm. 管外径が4.5〜20mmである、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の金属製ベローズ管。The metal bellows tube according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tube outer diameter is 4.5 to 20 mm. 蛇腹状管壁における山及び谷の断面形状がU字状の金属製ベローズ素管を作製し、次いで、該素管を管の長さ方向に圧縮して蛇腹状管壁の隣接する山同士及び谷同士を密着させ、さらにプレス加工で各山の内部空間及び隣接する山の間の隙間が実質的になくなるまで加圧成形した後、該加圧成形後の素管を、隣接する山の頂部間の間隔が所定の間隔になるまで、管の長さ方向へ引き伸ばすことを特徴とする、金属製ベローズ管の製造方法。A metal bellows base tube having a U-shaped cross section of the peaks and valleys in the bellows-like tube wall is produced, and then the tube is compressed in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and adjacent bellows of the bellows-like tube wall and After the valleys are brought into close contact with each other, and further press-formed until the internal space of each peak and the gap between the adjacent peaks are substantially eliminated, the raw tube after the pressure-forming is pressed to the top of the adjacent peak. A method for manufacturing a metal bellows tube, characterized in that the tube is stretched in the longitudinal direction until the space between the tubes becomes a predetermined space.
JP2002262072A 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Metal bellows tube and its manufacturing method Pending JP2004100787A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002262072A JP2004100787A (en) 2002-09-06 2002-09-06 Metal bellows tube and its manufacturing method
DE60326599T DE60326599D1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 METAL BALE TUBE, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND FLEXIBLE TUBE FOR HIGH-PRESSURE FLUID
AU2003261920A AU2003261920A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
PCT/JP2003/011282 WO2004023017A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
US10/526,496 US7556065B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
KR1020057003882A KR100970407B1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
CA2497748A CA2497748C (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
CNB038211637A CN1323256C (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
EP03794215A EP1536172B1 (en) 2002-09-06 2003-09-04 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
HK05110754.0A HK1076305A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2005-11-25 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid
HK06101146A HK1078637A1 (en) 2002-09-06 2006-01-25 Metal bellows tube, method of producing the same, and flexible tube for high-pressure fluid

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006177529A (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-07-06 Toto Ltd Stainless flexible pipe
JP2007321867A (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-13 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp Flexible tube

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006177529A (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-07-06 Toto Ltd Stainless flexible pipe
JP4526378B2 (en) * 2004-12-24 2010-08-18 Toto株式会社 Stainless steel flexible tube
JP2007321867A (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-13 Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp Flexible tube

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