JP2004093685A - Image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Image forming apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004093685A
JP2004093685A JP2002251808A JP2002251808A JP2004093685A JP 2004093685 A JP2004093685 A JP 2004093685A JP 2002251808 A JP2002251808 A JP 2002251808A JP 2002251808 A JP2002251808 A JP 2002251808A JP 2004093685 A JP2004093685 A JP 2004093685A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
toner
transfer
section
period
electric field
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JP2002251808A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP4114134B2 (en
Inventor
Hiroyoshi Matsumoto
松本 博好
Teruaki Mitsuya
三矢 輝章
Tsuneaki Kawanishi
川西 恒明
Hisao Okada
岡田 久雄
Natsuki Kuribayashi
栗林 夏城
Masayoshi Ishii
石井 政義
Keisuke Kubota
窪田 啓介
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Ricoh Printing Systems Ltd
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Hitachi Printing Solutions Inc
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Publication of JP2004093685A publication Critical patent/JP2004093685A/en
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus capable of preventing, by a simple means, toner from sticking to a transfer rotary body when a toner image formed on an image carrier is transferred to a transfer material. <P>SOLUTION: In order to transfer a toner image formed on the image carrier to the transfer material, a first electric field is generated in a section where the transfer material is present between the image carrier and the transfer rotary body. The section where the transfer material is not present between the image carrier and the transfer rotary body has a first period during which the first electric field having a polarity that is the reverse of the polarity of electrostatically charged toner and a second period during which a second electric field having a polarity that is the same as the polarity of the electrostatically charged toner is generated. The first period is shorter than the time required for the transfer rotary body to make one rotation, and different timing is used for a different transfer material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、静電複写機、プリンタ、ファクシミリ等の静電転写方式を利用した画像形成装置に係り、特に転写回転体へのトナーの付着を防止できる画像形成装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
静電転写方式を用いた記録装置は一般に、レーザービームを使用して像担持体表面に潜像を形成し、現像ロールよりトナーを供給して現像を行う。その際、像担持体表面の帯電極性とトナーの帯電極性とにより、正規現像方式と反転現像方式とに大別される。現像によって像担持体表面に静電吸着されたトナーは、例えばコロナ転写方式や像担持体に当接する転写回転体を用いたローラ転写方式により用紙等の転写材へ転写され、トナー像を形成する。
【0003】
このような画像形成装置において、ローラ転写方式はコロナ転写方式と比較して現像によって形成されたトナー像が転写される際、像担持体と転写ローラとの間に転写材が介在してトナーが飛び散るというトナー像の乱れの傾向が少なく、良好な画像が得られるという利点があり、また、転写電圧印加時に発生するオゾン量が少なく、多様な用紙に対応することが可能である等の特徴があることが知られている。
【0004】
しかしながら上記ローラ転写方式を採用している画像形成装置のほとんどは、先に示した通り像担持体と転写ローラが常時接触しているために、転写ローラへのトナー付着の可能性があり、転写ローラを汚す結果となる。また、転写材の種類が変わった際、例えばB5版等の幅の狭い用紙を印刷した後にA4版等の幅の広い用紙を印刷すると、幅の狭い用紙に印刷した時の像担持体に静電吸着した背景部のトナーが印刷されずに転写ローラへ付着してしまうことがあり、これも転写ローラを汚す結果となる。
【0005】
トナーが転写ローラへ付着しているだけであれば問題ないが、転写時に介在する転写材によって像担持体へ流れ込む電圧が変化し、低帯電や逆極性、等の異常帯電したトナーが転写材へ転写されてしまい、転写材を汚すことになる。
【0006】
そこで転写ローラをトナーの汚れから防ぐために、例えば特開昭51−9840号公報や特許第2557710号公報、特開昭54−63838号公報に記載された方法が従来から知られている。
【0007】
特開51−9840号公報には、転写ローラに正負電圧を選択的に印加する手段を制御して、画像担持体と転写ローラの間に記録シートが介在するときのみ転写ローラにトナーと逆極性のバイアス電圧を印加し、記録シートが介在しないときにはトナーと同極性の電圧を印加するように構成したトナー像転写装置が開示されている。
【0008】
また、特許2557710号公報には、前回転、後回転時及び紙間において転写ローラの1回転に要する時間以上の時間、トナーと同極性のバイアスを、さらに転写ローラの1回転時間以上の時間、磁極を反転したバイアスを印加することによって、転写ローラに付着した正規帯電トナーと反転トナーの両方を除去するようにした方式が開示されている。
【0009】
さらに特開昭54−63838号公報には、転写ローラに圧接または近接して設けたクリーニング装置によりクリーニングを行なうと共に、転写終了後より転写ローラのバイアス電圧を無バイアスとする期間をもうけ、その後、転写ローラのバイアス電圧を転写時と逆極性にする転写ローラのクリーニング方法が開示されている。
【本発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上述の特開54−63838号公報記載のように、転写ローラの清掃を行なうクリーニング装置を設ける方法は当然、画像形成装置の大型化、高価格化を招来するという問題がある。
【0010】
また、特許第2557710号公報記載のように、印刷起動時や終了時、さらには印刷中の転写材の存在しない期間、すなわち用紙と用紙との間の時間に、帯電したトナーと同極性の電界および逆極性の電界をそれぞれ少なくとも転写ローラ全周に印加する方式では、用紙間の間隔を、転写ローラ全周の2倍以上に相当する距離とする必要がある。しかし、最近は、用紙間隙(間隔)をできるだけ短くして高速化に対応しようとしているのが実情であり、用紙間隙(間隔)をかなり長くせざるを得ない高速化対応の障害になる。またこの方式の場合は、像担持体へ連続した高電圧を用紙間隙(間隔)に相当する期間印加するため、高感度の像担持体への負荷を考えると短寿命化を招きかねない。
【0011】
本発明の目的は、像担持体に形成されたトナー像を転写材に転写する際、転写回転体にトナーが付着するのを簡単な手段で防止可能な画像形成装置を提供することにある。
【0012】
本発明の他の目的は、回転体に付着するトナーを低減して良好な画像を得ると共に、ローラ転写方式を用いた中・高速の画像形成装置を提供することにある。
【0013】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するため、本発明はトナー像を担持する像担持体と、該像担持体から転写材に上記トナー像を転写する転写回転体と、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に電界を形成する電界形成手段とを備えた画像形成装置において、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に転写材がある第1の区間と、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に転写材がない第2の区間とを有し、上記第2の区間は、上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間と、上記トナーの帯電極性と同極性の第2の電界を発生する第2の期間からなり、上記第1の期間を、上記回転体の1周に相当する時間より短く設定したことに一つの特徴がある。このように構成することにより、画像形成装置の高速化に支障をきたさないようにして像担持体と転写回転体の接触による転写材の汚れを防止することが可能になる。
【0014】
本発明の他の特徴は、上記第1の区間には上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生し、上記第2の区間の第1の期間は上記第1の区間の直後に該第1区間と連続した領域に設定したことにある。このように構成することにより第1の電界と第2の電界の切り替え回数が減りスイッチング動作を簡単にすることができる。
【0015】
本発明の他の特徴は、転写材の存在しない複数の区間において、それぞれトナーと逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間を、転写回転体の円周のずらした位置に発生させるようにしたことにある。このように構成することにより、何回かの用紙間隔を経る間に転写回転体の全周にわたり第1の電界が印加され、効果的に汚れを防止することが可能になる。
【0016】
本発明の他の特徴は、転写材の存在しない複数の区間において、それぞれトナーと逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間の長さを、区間ごとに変えるようにしたことにある。このように構成することにより、転写材の幅が転写回転体の周長の整数倍であっても上記の第1の電界が印加される位置が徐々にずれて転写回転体の全周にわたり電界が印加されるようになる。
【0017】
本発明の他の特徴は、第2の区間において上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間を、上記区間の中の複数の時間領域に分散して設定したことにある。このように構成することにより印刷速度を犠牲にすることなく転写回転体の全周にわたり電界を印加することが可能になる。
その他の特徴及び利点は、以下の実施例の説明からさらに明瞭に理解される。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は本発明の画像形成装置の一実施例の構成を示す概略側面図である。
【0019】
図の中央にある像担持体1としてこの実施例では有機光導電体を用いた。以下、この像担持体を感光ドラム1という。感光ドラム1は時計方向に回転し、まず帯電装置2によって表面を一様に帯電される。この実施例ではマイナスに帯電される。マイナスに帯電した感光ドラム1は露光装置3によってその表面に静電潜像が形成される。現像器4は、静電潜像を有する感光ドラム1にトナー画像を形成する。本実施例においてはマイナス帯電のトナーおよびプラス帯電のキャリアによって構成された2成分反転現像方式を採用している。
【0020】
トナー像は、感光ドラム1へ静電吸着して転写回転体(ここでは転写ローラ5を用いた)へ送られる。転写材は搬送ローラ7より感光ドラム1のタイミングに合わせて供給され、転写ニップ部へ搬送される。転写材としては用紙6を、転写ローラ5は発泡性ゴムを使用している。転写ローラ5は感光ドラム1の回転に従って駆動され、バイアス電源8よりバイアス電圧が印加され、感光ドラム1と転写ローラ5の間に電界が形成される。この時の具体的な作動は後述する。
【0021】
用紙6が転写ニップ部へ搬送された時点で感光ドラム1に付着していたトナーが用紙6へ転移される。用紙6上に付着したトナーは最終的に定着されて印刷品となる。なお、用紙6に転写されずに感光ドラム1に残留したトナーは、最終的に清掃装置9によって回収される。清掃装置9によって清掃された感光ドラム1は再び帯電装置2へ向かう。
【0022】
次に上述の画像形成装置の作動について図2に示すタイミングチャートを参照して説明する。図2において、用紙6が感光ドラム1と転写ローラ5との間に存在する期間を斜線部分で示し、これを第1区間と称する。また、斜線部分と次の斜線部分との間、つまり2枚の用紙の間隙(間隔)を第2の区間と称する。
【0023】
時点Aより感光ドラム1を回転開始する。若干のタイムラグを経て現像バイアスが印加される。起動時、転写バイアスは感光ドラム1の表面に付着した残留トナーが転写ローラ5へ転移しないように、トナーと同極性でかつ感光ドラム1の表面電位よりもさらにマイナス側の電圧を印加する。
【0024】
次に、転写ローラ5へ付着した異常帯電しているトナーを除去するために、一旦トナーと逆極性の電圧Bが転写ローラ5に印加される。本発明においては、この電圧Bの印加時間は後述のように、転写ローラ5が1周回転する時間より短く設定される。
【0025】
さらにその後、再びトナーと同極性でかつ感光ドラム1の表面電位よりもさらにマイナス側の電圧を印加し、電圧Bで転写ローラ5へ転移した可能性のあるトナーを排出させる。
【0026】
用紙6への印刷時は、用紙6の先端が感光ドラム1と転写ローラ5の間に突入した瞬間から用紙6の先端1mm以内のタイミングでトナーと逆極性の電圧を転写ローラ5へ印加する。用紙先端の突入直後よりも若干ずらしたのは、用紙先端の通過時による感光ドラム1と転写ローラ5の間に形成された電界の乱れが生じることになり、これが転写画像に影響することを避けるためである。
【0027】
図2に示すように、用紙と用紙との間(用紙間隙)の第2区間はトナーと逆極性の電圧Dが印加される期間と、同極性のバイアス電圧が印加される期間に分けられる。この明細書では前者を第1の期間、後者を第2の期間と称している。用紙の印刷が終了した直後の期間は、そのままトナーと逆極性の転写バイアス電圧Dが転写ローラ5へ印加し続けられる。本発明においては、この電圧Dの印加時間は後述のように、転写ローラ5の1周分の回転時間より短く設定されている。この電圧Dは、起動時の電圧Bと同様な作用を有する。また、この電圧Dの印加タイミングを用紙間隙の期間の中で、印刷終了直後にしたのは、バイアス電圧の切換動作を簡単にするためである。
【0028】
その後転写バイアス電圧は、第2の期間で、感光ドラム1の表面に付着した残留トナーが転写ローラ5へ転移しないように、トナーと同極性でかつ感光ドラム1の表面電位よりもさらにマイナス側の電圧とされる。本実施例においては、画像形成装置の用紙間隙、つまり第2の区間は転写ローラ5の1周の回転時間より短く設定した。また、電圧Dの印加時間は転写ローラ5の2/5周分の回転時間に相当する時間にした。
【0029】
具体的な例をあげて説明すると、転写ローラ5の回転速度は18mm/秒、1周の回転に要する時間は4.3秒、電圧Bの印加時間は0.1秒、電圧Dの印加時間は0.06秒、用紙と用紙との間隙(間隔)は0.12秒とした。
【0030】
2枚目の印刷終了時は印刷起動時と同様、感光ドラム1の表面に付着した残留トナーが転写ローラ5へ転移しないように、トナーと同極性でかつ感光ドラム1の表面電位よりもさらにマイナス側の電圧を印加する。そしてその後、転写ローラ5へ付着したプラス帯電しているトナーを除去するために、一旦トナーと逆極性の電圧Bを転写ローラ5へ印加する。ただし、電圧Bの印加時間は前述のように転写ローラ5の1周分の回転時間よりも短く設定されている。そして再びトナーと同極性でかつ感光ドラム1の表面電位よりもさらにマイナス側の電圧を印加し、電圧Bで転写ローラ5へ転移した可能性のあるトナーを排出させる。若干のタイムラグを経て現像バイアスの印加が終了し、停止する。
【0031】
以上説明した一連の動作において転写ローラ5に印加するトナーと逆極性の電圧の印加時間、すなわち図2の電圧B、Dの印加時間について図3を参照して説明する。
【0032】
転写バイアス電圧B,Dの印加時間は、いずれも転写ローラ5の1周分に相当する時間よりも少ないので、感光ドラム1と接触している位置にムラができる可能性があり、それは転写ローラ5へ転移したトナーの排出にも影響することになる。そこで本発明では、転写ローラ5に電圧B、Dを印加する区間を図3のようなタイミングで行った。すなわち、バイアス電圧Dについて見れば、転写ローラ5の1周分の数分の1に相当する時間だけ印加し、連続印刷の場合にはその電圧の印加位置が転写ローラ5の周長の上で徐々にずれるように印加する。つまり、一つの第2区間(転写ローラと感光ドラムとの間に用紙が存在しない期間)では転写ローラ5に1周分にわたって電圧を印加することはできないものの、複数の第2区間を経ると、転写ドラムの全周以上に電圧Dを印加するようにしている。同様に電圧Bについても、転写ローラ5の1周分の時間より短いが、起動時と終了時の2つの電圧Bはずれた位置で発生しているためその印加時間は転写ローラ5の全周以上をカバーする。
【0033】
このようにして電圧B,Dの複数の印加期間で、転写ローラの全周をカバーするようにしても、転写ローラ5に付着したトナーの量は極めて少なく、用紙の汚れを効果的に防止できることが確認された。
【0034】
次に本発明の別の実施例について図4を参照して説明する。
【0035】
図2の実施例では、用紙6の幅(斜線部分に相当する)が転写ローラ5の周長の整数倍となる時があった。このまま連続で印刷すると、図2で示した電圧Dは転写ローラ5と感光ドラム1との接触が常に同じ位置で印加することになる。すなわち図3では電圧Dの印加期間が重なった状態となり、この位置でのプラストナーは排出され、その他の位置のプラストナーは排出されずに残ってしまう。この結果、残った位置からトナーが転移されて用紙6が汚れるという問題を生じる。
【0036】
そこで図4の実施例では、用紙間隙(間隔)を変化させ点に特徴がある。すなわち、例えば1枚目の用紙と2枚目の用紙の間で、トナーと逆極性の電圧Dを印加した場合、2枚目の用紙と3枚目の用紙の間では電圧Dの期間よりは若干長い時間の電圧Eを印加するようにした。この場合、帯電したトナーと同極性の電圧Fの印加時間は二つの間隙で同じにした。この結果、図4のように用紙間隙が変化する。これにより、用紙6の幅が転写ローラ5の周長の整数倍となっても図3で示すDの区間が徐々にずれて転写ローラ5へのトナー排出の差を改善することができた。なお、電圧Eの印加時間を逆に短くしても同様な結果が得られる。
【0037】
上記実施例では用紙間隙を変化させたので、結果的に印刷速度が遅くなる個所が現れてしまう。そこで用紙間隙を変化させることなく、一定の用紙間隙の中で図2に示した電圧Dの印加時間を短くしたり、さらに印加時間を短くした電圧Dを一つの期間で複数回印加したり、電圧Dを印加する前にトナーと同極性の電圧を印加するようにすれば、転写ローラ5と感光ドラム1との接触が常に同じ位置で電圧Dが印加されるという問題を回避し、且つ印刷速度が遅くなるという問題も回避することができる。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば新たな清掃装置を設ける必要がないので、装置を大型、高価格にすることなく良質の画像を得ることができる。また複数の期間を利用して転写ローラ全周へ電界を形成するので、転写ローラ表面を通過する転写材を汚すことなく良質な画像を得ることが可能である。
【0039】
また、用紙間隙に帯電したトナーと同極性および逆極性のバイアス電圧をそれぞれ転写ローラ全周に印加する必要がないので、転写ローラを清掃するための電界形成の時間を短縮することが可能となり、その結果高速の画像形成装置を提供することが可能となる。特に本発明を適用すれば175mm/sec以上の中・高速の画像形成装置を容易に実現可能である。また、上記手段は像担持体への負荷を軽減することが可能となり、像担持体の長寿命化にも役立つ。
【0040】
なお、本実施例では反転現像方式を有する画像形成装置に適用したが、正規現像方式においても同様の効果が得られることは言うまでもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の画像形成装置の一実施例を示す概略側面図である。
【図2】本発明画像形成装置の動作タイミングの一実施例をしめす説明図である。
【図3】本発明の転写ローラと、転写バイアス電圧の関係を示す説明図である。
【図4】本発明の画像形成装置の動作タイミングの別の実施例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1…感光ドラム、2…帯電装置、3…露光装置、4…現像器、5…転写ローラ、6…用紙、7…搬送ローラ、8…バイアス電源、9…清掃装置、10…搬送ガイド。
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus using an electrostatic transfer system such as an electrostatic copying machine, a printer, and a facsimile, and more particularly to an image forming apparatus that can prevent toner from adhering to a transfer rotating body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a recording apparatus using an electrostatic transfer system forms a latent image on the surface of an image carrier using a laser beam and supplies toner from a developing roll to perform development. At this time, the developing method is roughly classified into a regular developing method and a reversal developing method according to the charging polarity of the image carrier surface and the charging polarity of the toner. The toner electrostatically attracted to the surface of the image carrier by the development is transferred to a transfer material such as a sheet by a corona transfer method or a roller transfer method using a transfer rotating member that contacts the image carrier, thereby forming a toner image. .
[0003]
In such an image forming apparatus, when a toner image formed by development is transferred compared to a corona transfer method, a transfer material is interposed between an image carrier and a transfer roller to transfer toner. It has the advantage that the toner image is less liable to be scattered and that a good image can be obtained, and that the amount of ozone generated when the transfer voltage is applied is small, and that it is possible to cope with various types of paper. It is known that there is.
[0004]
However, most of the image forming apparatuses adopting the above-mentioned roller transfer method have a possibility that toner adheres to the transfer roller because the image carrier and the transfer roller are always in contact as described above. This results in soiling the rollers. Further, when the type of the transfer material is changed, for example, when printing on narrow paper such as B5 size and then printing on wide paper such as A4 size, the image carrier at the time of printing on narrow paper is statically printed. The electroadsorbed toner in the background may adhere to the transfer roller without being printed, which also results in the transfer roller being soiled.
[0005]
There is no problem if the toner only adheres to the transfer roller, but the voltage flowing into the image carrier changes due to the transfer material interposed at the time of transfer, and abnormally charged toner such as low charge or reverse polarity is transferred to the transfer material. It will be transferred and stain the transfer material.
[0006]
In order to prevent the transfer roller from being contaminated with the toner, methods described in, for example, JP-A-51-9840, JP-A-2555710, and JP-A-54-63838 are conventionally known.
[0007]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 51-9840 discloses that a means for selectively applying a positive / negative voltage to a transfer roller is controlled so that the transfer roller has a polarity opposite to that of toner only when a recording sheet is interposed between the image carrier and the transfer roller. And a toner image transfer device configured to apply a voltage having the same polarity as the toner when a recording sheet is not interposed.
[0008]
Further, Japanese Patent No. 2557710 discloses that a bias having the same polarity as that of the toner, a time longer than a time required for one rotation of the transfer roller at the time of pre-rotation, a post-rotation, and a sheet interval, and a time longer than one rotation time of the transfer roller, A system has been disclosed in which both a normally charged toner and a reversal toner attached to a transfer roller are removed by applying a bias in which a magnetic pole is reversed.
[0009]
Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-63838 discloses that, in addition to performing cleaning by a cleaning device provided in pressure contact with or close to a transfer roller, a period in which a bias voltage of the transfer roller is set to be non-biased after completion of transfer is provided. A method of cleaning a transfer roller in which a bias voltage of the transfer roller is set to a polarity opposite to that of the transfer roller is disclosed.
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
However, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-63838, the method of providing a cleaning device for cleaning the transfer roller naturally causes a problem that the image forming apparatus becomes large and expensive.
[0010]
Further, as described in Japanese Patent No. 2557710, an electric field having the same polarity as that of the charged toner is used at the start and end of printing and during a period in which no transfer material is present during printing, that is, a time between sheets. In the method of applying an electric field of opposite polarity to at least the entire circumference of the transfer roller, the interval between the sheets needs to be a distance corresponding to at least twice the entire circumference of the transfer roller. However, recently, it is a fact that the paper gap (interval) is being shortened as much as possible to cope with the high speed, and this is an obstacle to the high speed that the paper gap (interval) has to be considerably lengthened. Further, in this method, since a continuous high voltage is applied to the image carrier for a period corresponding to the paper gap (interval), the life may be shortened in consideration of the load on the image carrier with high sensitivity.
[0011]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an image forming apparatus capable of preventing toner from adhering to a transfer rotating member by a simple means when transferring a toner image formed on an image carrier to a transfer material.
[0012]
It is another object of the present invention to provide a medium / high-speed image forming apparatus using a roller transfer system while obtaining a good image by reducing toner adhering to a rotating body.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an image carrier that carries a toner image, a transfer rotator that transfers the toner image from the image carrier to a transfer material, the image carrier, and the transfer rotator. An image forming apparatus having an electric field forming means for forming an electric field between the image carrier and the transfer rotating member; a first section having a transfer material between the image carrier and the transfer rotating member; A second section in which there is no transfer material between the toner and the body; the second section includes a first period in which a first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner is generated; One feature is that it comprises a second period in which a second electric field having the same polarity as the charging polarity is generated, and the first period is set to be shorter than a time corresponding to one rotation of the rotating body. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the transfer material from being stained due to the contact between the image bearing member and the transfer rotating member without hindering the speeding up of the image forming apparatus.
[0014]
Another feature of the present invention is that a first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner is generated in the first section, and a first period of the second section is immediately after the first section. Is set in an area continuous with the first section. With this configuration, the number of times of switching between the first electric field and the second electric field is reduced, and the switching operation can be simplified.
[0015]
Another feature of the present invention is that, in a plurality of sections where no transfer material is present, a first period in which a first electric field having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is generated at a position shifted on the circumference of the transfer rotating body. That's what I did. With this configuration, the first electric field is applied over the entire circumference of the transfer rotator during several paper intervals, thereby making it possible to effectively prevent contamination.
[0016]
Another feature of the present invention is that, in a plurality of sections where no transfer material exists, the length of the first period in which the first electric field having the opposite polarity to the toner is generated is changed for each section. . With this configuration, even when the width of the transfer material is an integral multiple of the circumference of the transfer rotator, the position where the first electric field is applied gradually shifts, and the electric field is applied over the entire circumference of the transfer rotator. Is applied.
[0017]
Another feature of the present invention is that a first period in which a first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner is generated in the second section is set to be distributed over a plurality of time regions in the section. It is in. With this configuration, it is possible to apply an electric field over the entire circumference of the transfer rotating body without sacrificing the printing speed.
Other features and advantages will be more clearly understood from the following description of embodiments.
[0018]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
[0019]
In this embodiment, an organic photoconductor was used as the image carrier 1 in the center of the figure. Hereinafter, this image carrier is referred to as a photosensitive drum 1. The photosensitive drum 1 rotates clockwise, and the surface thereof is first uniformly charged by the charging device 2. In this embodiment, it is negatively charged. The exposure device 3 forms an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the negatively charged photosensitive drum 1. The developing device 4 forms a toner image on the photosensitive drum 1 having an electrostatic latent image. In the present embodiment, a two-component reversal development system including a negatively charged toner and a positively charged carrier is employed.
[0020]
The toner image is electrostatically attracted to the photosensitive drum 1 and sent to a transfer rotating body (here, the transfer roller 5 is used). The transfer material is supplied from the transfer roller 7 in synchronization with the timing of the photosensitive drum 1, and is transferred to the transfer nip. Paper 6 is used as the transfer material, and foaming rubber is used for the transfer roller 5. The transfer roller 5 is driven in accordance with the rotation of the photosensitive drum 1, a bias voltage is applied from a bias power supply 8, and an electric field is formed between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 5. The specific operation at this time will be described later.
[0021]
When the paper 6 is conveyed to the transfer nip, the toner attached to the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred to the paper 6. The toner adhered on the paper 6 is finally fixed to form a printed product. The toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 1 without being transferred to the paper 6 is finally collected by the cleaning device 9. The photosensitive drum 1 cleaned by the cleaning device 9 goes to the charging device 2 again.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the above-described image forming apparatus will be described with reference to a timing chart shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, a period in which the sheet 6 exists between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 5 is indicated by a hatched portion, and is referred to as a first section. A portion between the hatched portion and the next hatched portion, that is, a gap (interval) between two sheets is referred to as a second section.
[0023]
At time A, the photosensitive drum 1 starts rotating. After a slight time lag, a developing bias is applied. At the time of activation, a voltage having the same polarity as that of the toner and further negative than the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 is applied to the transfer bias so that residual toner adhered to the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 does not transfer to the transfer roller 5.
[0024]
Next, in order to remove the abnormally charged toner attached to the transfer roller 5, a voltage B having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is temporarily applied to the transfer roller 5. In the present invention, the application time of the voltage B is set shorter than the time during which the transfer roller 5 makes one rotation, as described later.
[0025]
Thereafter, a voltage having the same polarity as that of the toner and more negative than the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 is applied again, and the toner which may have been transferred to the transfer roller 5 by the voltage B is discharged.
[0026]
At the time of printing on the paper 6, a voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied to the transfer roller 5 at a timing within 1 mm of the front end of the paper 6 from the moment when the leading end of the paper 6 enters between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 5. The slight deviation from the position immediately after the leading edge of the sheet causes the disturbance of the electric field formed between the photosensitive drum 1 and the transfer roller 5 due to the passage of the leading edge of the sheet, which avoids affecting the transferred image. That's why.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 2, the second section between papers (paper gap) is divided into a period in which a voltage D having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied and a period in which a bias voltage having the same polarity is applied. In this specification, the former is referred to as a first period, and the latter is referred to as a second period. Immediately after the printing of the paper is completed, the transfer bias voltage D having the polarity opposite to that of the toner is continuously applied to the transfer roller 5. In the present invention, the application time of the voltage D is set shorter than the rotation time for one rotation of the transfer roller 5 as described later. This voltage D has the same function as the voltage B at the time of starting. The reason why the application timing of the voltage D is set immediately after the end of printing in the paper gap period is to simplify the operation of switching the bias voltage.
[0028]
Thereafter, in the second period, the transfer bias voltage has the same polarity as the toner and is further negative than the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 so that the residual toner adhered to the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 does not transfer to the transfer roller 5 in the second period. Voltage. In this embodiment, the paper gap of the image forming apparatus, that is, the second section is set shorter than the rotation time of the transfer roller 5 for one rotation. The application time of the voltage D was set to a time corresponding to a rotation time of 2/5 rotation of the transfer roller 5.
[0029]
Specifically, the rotation speed of the transfer roller 5 is 18 mm / sec, the time required for one rotation is 4.3 seconds, the application time of the voltage B is 0.1 second, and the application time of the voltage D is Was 0.06 seconds, and the gap (interval) between sheets was 0.12 seconds.
[0030]
At the end of printing of the second sheet, similarly to the start of printing, in order to prevent residual toner adhering to the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 from transferring to the transfer roller 5, the toner has the same polarity as the toner and is further minus the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1. Side voltage is applied. Thereafter, in order to remove the positively charged toner attached to the transfer roller 5, a voltage B having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is temporarily applied to the transfer roller 5. However, the application time of the voltage B is set shorter than the rotation time for one rotation of the transfer roller 5 as described above. Then, a voltage having the same polarity as that of the toner and more negative than the surface potential of the photosensitive drum 1 is applied again, and the toner that may have transferred to the transfer roller 5 with the voltage B is discharged. After a slight time lag, the application of the developing bias is completed and stopped.
[0031]
The application time of the voltage of the polarity opposite to that of the toner applied to the transfer roller 5 in the series of operations described above, that is, the application time of the voltages B and D in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
[0032]
Since the application time of the transfer bias voltages B and D is shorter than the time corresponding to one rotation of the transfer roller 5, there is a possibility that the position in contact with the photosensitive drum 1 may be uneven. This also affects the discharge of the toner transferred to No. 5. Therefore, in the present invention, the section in which the voltages B and D are applied to the transfer roller 5 is performed at the timing shown in FIG. That is, with respect to the bias voltage D, the bias voltage is applied for a time corresponding to a fraction of one turn of the transfer roller 5, and in the case of continuous printing, the voltage is applied at a position above the circumferential length of the transfer roller 5. Applied so as to shift gradually. That is, although voltage cannot be applied to the transfer roller 5 for one rotation in one second section (a period in which no paper exists between the transfer roller and the photosensitive drum), after a plurality of second sections, The voltage D is applied over the entire circumference of the transfer drum. Similarly, the voltage B is shorter than the time for one rotation of the transfer roller 5, but the voltage B is generated at a position deviating from the two voltages B at the start and end, so that the application time is longer than the entire circumference of the transfer roller 5. To cover.
[0033]
Even if the entire circumference of the transfer roller is covered by a plurality of application periods of the voltages B and D in this manner, the amount of the toner adhered to the transfer roller 5 is extremely small, and the stain on the paper can be effectively prevented. Was confirmed.
[0034]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
[0035]
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the width of the paper 6 (corresponding to the hatched portion) sometimes becomes an integral multiple of the circumference of the transfer roller 5. When printing is performed continuously in this state, the voltage D shown in FIG. 2 is always applied at the same position where the transfer roller 5 and the photosensitive drum 1 are in contact with each other. That is, in FIG. 3, the application periods of the voltage D are overlapped, and the positive toner at this position is discharged, and the positive toner at other positions remains without being discharged. As a result, there is a problem that the toner is transferred from the remaining position and the paper 6 is stained.
[0036]
Therefore, the embodiment of FIG. 4 is characterized in that the paper gap (interval) is changed. That is, for example, when a voltage D having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied between the first sheet and the second sheet, the voltage D between the second sheet and the third sheet is longer than the period of the voltage D. The voltage E was applied for a slightly longer time. In this case, the application time of the voltage F having the same polarity as that of the charged toner was the same in the two gaps. As a result, the paper gap changes as shown in FIG. Thus, even when the width of the paper 6 becomes an integral multiple of the circumference of the transfer roller 5, the section D shown in FIG. 3 is gradually shifted, and the difference in toner discharge to the transfer roller 5 can be improved. A similar result can be obtained even if the application time of the voltage E is shortened.
[0037]
In the above embodiment, since the paper gap is changed, a portion where the printing speed is reduced appears as a result. Therefore, without changing the paper gap, the application time of the voltage D shown in FIG. 2 can be reduced within a fixed paper gap, or the voltage D with the reduced application time can be applied multiple times in one period. If a voltage having the same polarity as that of the toner is applied before the voltage D is applied, the problem that the voltage D is applied at the same position where the transfer roller 5 and the photosensitive drum 1 are always in contact with each other can be avoided, and printing can be avoided. The problem of slow speed can also be avoided.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a new cleaning device, so that high-quality images can be obtained without making the device large and expensive. Further, since an electric field is formed over the entire circumference of the transfer roller using a plurality of periods, a high quality image can be obtained without soiling the transfer material passing through the surface of the transfer roller.
[0039]
Further, since it is not necessary to apply a bias voltage having the same polarity and opposite polarity to the toner charged in the paper gap to the entire circumference of the transfer roller, it is possible to shorten the time for forming an electric field for cleaning the transfer roller, As a result, a high-speed image forming apparatus can be provided. Particularly, by applying the present invention, a medium / high-speed image forming apparatus of 175 mm / sec or more can be easily realized. Further, the above means can reduce the load on the image carrier, and also contribute to extending the life of the image carrier.
[0040]
In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to the image forming apparatus having the reversal developing method. However, it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained in the regular developing method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of an image forming apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the operation timing of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a transfer roller of the present invention and a transfer bias voltage.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the operation timing of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 photosensitive drum 2 charging device 3 exposure device 4 developing device 5 transfer roller 6 paper 7 transport roller 8 bias power supply 9 cleaning device 10 transport guide

Claims (7)

トナー像を担持する像担持体と、該像担持体から転写材に上記トナー像を転写する転写回転体と、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に電界を形成する電界形成手段とを備えた画像形成装置において、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に転写材がある第1の区間と、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に転写材がない第2の区間とを有し、上記第2の区間は、上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間と、上記トナーの帯電極性と同極性の第2の電界を発生する第2の期間からなり、上記第1の期間は、上記回転体の1周に相当する時間より短く設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。An image carrier that carries the toner image, a transfer rotator that transfers the toner image from the image carrier to a transfer material, and an electric field forming unit that forms an electric field between the image carrier and the transfer rotator. A first section in which a transfer material is provided between the image carrier and the transfer rotator, and a second section in which no transfer material is provided between the image carrier and the transfer rotator. The second section includes a first period in which a first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner is generated, and a second electric field having the same polarity as the charging polarity of the toner. An image forming apparatus, comprising: a second period that occurs, wherein the first period is set shorter than a time corresponding to one rotation of the rotating body. 請求項1において、上記第1の区間には上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生し、上記第2の区間の第1の期間は上記第1の区間の直後に該第1区間と連続した領域に設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。2. The device according to claim 1, wherein a first electric field having a polarity opposite to a charging polarity of the toner is generated in the first section, and a first period of the second section is immediately after the first section. An image forming apparatus, wherein the image forming apparatus is set in an area continuous with one section. トナー像を担持する像担持体と、該像担持体から転写材に上記トナー像を転写する転写回転体と、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に電界を形成する電界形成手段とを備えた画像形成装置において、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に転写材がある第1及び第3の区間と、上記像担持体と上記転写回転体との間に転写材がない第2及び第4の区間とを有し、上記第2及び第4の区間はそれぞれ、上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間と、上記トナーの帯電極性と同極性の第2の電界を発生する第2の期間からなり、上記第2区間及び第4区間の第1の期間は、上記回転体の1周に相当する時間より短く設定され、且つ、第2区間の第1期間と、第4区間の第1期間とは上記転写回転体の周の異なる位置に設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。An image carrier that carries the toner image, a transfer rotator that transfers the toner image from the image carrier to a transfer material, and an electric field forming unit that forms an electric field between the image carrier and the transfer rotator. Wherein the first and third sections in which a transfer material is provided between the image carrier and the transfer rotator, and the transfer material is provided between the image carrier and the transfer rotator. Second and fourth sections, wherein the second and fourth sections respectively include a first period in which a first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner is generated, and a charging period of the toner. A second period in which a second electric field having the same polarity as the polarity is generated, a first period of the second section and the fourth section is set shorter than a time corresponding to one rotation of the rotating body, and The first period of the second section and the first period of the fourth section are located at different positions around the transfer rotator. An image forming apparatus characterized in that it is a constant. 請求項3において、上記第1及び第3の区間には上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生し、上記第2及び第4の区間の第1の期間はそれぞれ上記第1及び第3の区間の直後に該第1区間及び第3区間と連続した領域に設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。4. The device according to claim 3, wherein a first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charging polarity of the toner is generated in the first and third sections, and a first electric field is generated in the first and second sections during the first period. And an image forming apparatus which is set immediately after the third section in an area continuous with the first section and the third section. 請求項4において、上記第2の区間の第1の期間と、上記第4の区間の第1の期間とは時間の長さが異なるように設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first period of the second section and the first period of the fourth section are set to have different time lengths. 6. 請求項1又は4において、第2及び第4の区間において上記トナーの帯電極性と逆極性の第1の電界を発生する第1の期間は、上記区間の中の複数の時間領域に分散して設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. The first period in which the first electric field having a polarity opposite to the charge polarity of the toner in the second and fourth sections is dispersed in a plurality of time regions in the section according to claim 1. An image forming apparatus characterized by being set. 請求項1又は4において、上記第2及び第4の区間は、上記転写回転体の1周に相当する時間より短く設定されていることを特徴とする画像形成装置。5. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second and fourth sections are set to be shorter than a time corresponding to one rotation of the transfer rotator.
JP2002251808A 2002-08-29 2002-08-29 Image forming apparatus Expired - Fee Related JP4114134B2 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007304335A (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-22 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus
JP2009282372A (en) * 2008-05-23 2009-12-03 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Transfer device and image forming device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007304335A (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-11-22 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Image forming apparatus
JP2009282372A (en) * 2008-05-23 2009-12-03 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Transfer device and image forming device
US8185007B2 (en) 2008-05-23 2012-05-22 Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc. Transfer device, image forming apparatus and control method of transfer device

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