JP2004082332A - Polypropylene resin foamed molded product with skin layer and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Polypropylene resin foamed molded product with skin layer and its manufacturing method Download PDF

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JP2004082332A
JP2004082332A JP2002242249A JP2002242249A JP2004082332A JP 2004082332 A JP2004082332 A JP 2004082332A JP 2002242249 A JP2002242249 A JP 2002242249A JP 2002242249 A JP2002242249 A JP 2002242249A JP 2004082332 A JP2004082332 A JP 2004082332A
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resin
layer
foamed
skin layer
polypropylene
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JP4146688B2 (en
Inventor
Onori Imanari
今成 大典
Teruyuki Akiyama
秋山 照幸
Naochika Kogure
小暮 直親
Masato Naito
内藤 真人
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JSP Corp
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JSP Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polypropylene resin foamed molded product with a skin layer excellent in mechanical physical properties such as impact resistance, bending strength or the like at a low temperature and also excellent in durability and lightweight properties. <P>SOLUTION: A cylindrical foamed multilayered parison, wherein a resin layer is provided to the outside of a polypropylene resin foamed layer, is held between molds so that the inner surfaces of the multilayered parison are fused at least at a part to mold the polypropylene resin foamed molded product with the skin layer. In this foamed molded product, the skin layer contains 40 wt.% or more of a polypropylene resin and the flexural modulus of the skin layer is at least 800 MPa and the Izod impact value (with a notch,-25°C) thereof at a low temperature is at least 10 KJ/m<SP>2</SP>. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、保温保冷箱、床やドアに用いられる軽量断熱パネル、パレット、自動車部材等として用いられる多層ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品であって、とりわけ自動車のトランクリッド、低温輸送に使用される保冷箱、パレットのように剛性と低温耐衝撃性を要求される用途に適した成形品およびその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、自動車のトランクリッドのような高い曲げ剛性と低温耐衝撃性能を併せ持つ部材は、ソリッドブロー成形製の二重壁構造体といわれるリブ構造を有する成形品が使用されている(例えば、特許第3236680号、特開平10−217320号)。これらの成形品は曲げ剛性と低温耐衝撃性を満足させるために、ソリッドの厚みが大きく、かつ特殊形状のリブが多数配置されている。このため成形品全体が重いものとならざるを得なく、軽量化が求められている。
また食品の低温輸送に使用される保冷箱の場合、従来はポリスチレン系樹脂発泡粒子から成形されたポリスチレン系樹脂発泡体からなる箱等の使い捨て型のものが殆どであり、洗浄可能なリターナブルの通い箱が以前から要求されているが、低温衝撃性、繰返し使用に充分耐える強度を有し、軽量性であるといった物性と価格の全てを満足し得るものは見られないのが実情である。
【0003】
また、多層発泡樹脂層の表面に熱可塑性樹脂層を有する中空の多層パリソンを金型で圧縮しながら成形しパリソンの内面同士を融着させた多層樹脂発泡体を得る方法が、例えば、特開平6−312449号、特開2001−47537号に提案されているが、この方法では、表面樹脂層の強度、特に低温耐衝撃性、曲げ弾性率が必ずしも充分満足できるものではなかった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、低温時の耐衝撃性、曲げ強さなどの機械的物性、耐久性、及び軽量性に優れた表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記の課題を解決すべく、鋭意検討の結果、発泡多層パリソンを型内で、該多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部を相互に融着した表皮層を有するポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品において、表皮層を形成する発泡多層パリソンの樹脂層が、特定のアイゾット衝撃強度、特に低温耐衝撃強度、および特定の曲げ弾性率を有するポリプロピレン系樹脂と高密度ポリエチレンおよび相溶化剤、またはポリプロピレン系樹脂とポリオレフィン系エラストマー等で構成することにより、低温時の耐衝撃性、曲げ剛性、耐久性に優れ、かつ軽量な表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品が得られることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0006】
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡層の外側に樹脂層を有する筒状の発泡多層パリソンを、該多層パリソンの内面同士が少なくとも一部において融着するように金型にて挟み込んで成形してなる表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品において、該表皮層はポリプロピレン系樹脂が40重量%以上含有し、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも800MPaを有し、低温時のアイゾット衝撃値(ノッチ付き、−25℃)が少なくとも10KJ/mであることを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品。
【0007】
(2)ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品に対する表皮層の重量比率が0.35〜0.7、該発泡成形品の単位面積あたりの重量が2〜10kg/m、厚みが10〜50mmであり、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaであることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品からなるパネル。
【0008】
(3)表皮層の少なくとも片面に繊維表皮材が設けられていることを特徴とする上記(2)記載のパネル。
【0009】
(4)ポリプロピレン系樹脂に発泡剤を添加し混練して得られる発泡性溶融樹脂(A)と、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaで、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mである密度0.94〜0.97g/cmのポリエチレンを20〜100重量部、および該ポリプロピレン系樹脂と該ポリエチレンとの混合樹脂100重量部に対して相溶化剤を2〜20重量部からなる樹脂組成物(1)を混練して得られる溶融樹脂(B)とを共押出しすることにより、上記発泡性溶融樹脂(A)が発泡してなる発泡層の外側に、上記溶融樹脂(B)よりなる樹脂層を有する発泡多層パリソンを成形し、次いで該多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部において融着するように成形型にて成形することを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。
【0010】
(5)相溶化剤がジエン成分を含む熱可塑性エラストマーおよび該熱可塑性エラストマーの水添物から選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする上記(4)に記載の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。
【0011】
(6)ポリプロピレン系樹脂に発泡剤を添加し混練して得られる発泡性溶融樹脂(A)と、ポリプロピレン系樹脂および該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも40MPaで、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mであるポリオレフィン系エラストマーを10〜80重量部からなる樹脂組成物(2)を混練して得られる溶融樹脂(C)とを共押出しすることにより、上記発泡性溶融樹脂(A)が発泡してなる発泡層の外側に、上記溶融樹脂(C)よりなる樹脂層を有する発泡多層パリソンを成形し、次いで該多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部において融着するように成形型にて成形することを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。
【0012】
(7)発泡多層パリソンと金型との間に繊維シートを配置し、型締めの際に多層パリソンと繊維シートを熱圧着するとともに、該多層パリソンを成形型にて成形し、成形品表面の少なくとも一部に繊維表皮材が設けられた発泡成形品を得ることを特徴とする上記(4)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。
を要旨とするものである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品は、発泡多層パリソンを所望形状に成形し得る金型に挟みこんで発泡層が潰されない程度に圧縮成形することにより得られ、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡層の外側にポリプロピレン系樹脂、密度0.94〜0.97g/cmのポリエチレンおよび相溶化剤で構成される非発泡樹脂層、またはポリプロピレン系樹脂およびポリオレフィン系エラストマーで構成される非発泡樹脂層が形成された表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品であり、該表皮層はポリプロピレン系樹脂を40重量%以上含有し、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも800MPaを有し、低温時のアイゾット衝撃値(ノッチ付き、−25℃)が少なくとも10KJ/mを有するものである。
【0014】
本発明を、図面により詳細に説明する。本発明の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品(以下、単に発泡成形品ということがある)の具体的な一例の断面図を図1に示す。図1において表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品1は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂からなる発泡成形品発泡層(以下、単に成形品発泡層ということがある)12の外側が表皮層13で覆われた構造を有する。
図2は本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品を得る発泡多層パリソン5の一例を示す一部切欠斜視図を示す。図2の発泡多層パリソン5は、成形品発泡層12を形成する発泡層2の外側に、表皮層13を形成する樹脂層3が積層された構成を有する。
【0015】
本発明における発泡多層パリソン5は、発泡層2を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂に発泡剤を添加し押出機内で溶融混練して調製される発泡性溶融樹脂(A)と、外面の樹脂層3を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂、密度0.94〜0.97g/cmのポリエチレン(以下、単に高密度ポリエチレンということがある)および相溶化剤からなる樹脂組成物(1)を押出機内で混練した溶融樹脂(B)、またはポリプロピレン系樹脂およびポリオレフィン系エラストマーからなる樹脂組成物(2)を押出機内で混練した溶融樹脂(C)とを、共押出用ダイから低圧域に共押出し発泡性溶融樹脂を発泡させることにより外側に上記樹脂組成物(1)または(2)からなる樹脂層3を有し内部に発泡層2を有する発泡多層パリソン5が得られる。
【0016】
本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の発泡層12を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂は、プロピレン重合体、プロピレンと共重合可能な他のオレフィンとの共重合体が挙げられる。プロピレンと共重合可能な他のオレフィンとしては、例えば、エチレン、1−ブテン、イソブチレン、1−ペンテン、3−メチル−1−ブテン、1−ヘキセン、3,4−ジメチル−1−ブテン、1−ヘプテン、3−メチル−1−ヘキセン等の炭素数2〜10のα−オレフィンが例示される。また、上記の共重合体は、ランダム共重合体であってもブロック共重合体であってもよい。さらに二元共重合体の他に三元共重合体であってもよい。またこれらのプロピレン系樹脂は単独でまたは混合して使用される。上記の共重合体を使用する場合は、共重合体中のプロピレン成分が65重量%以上、好ましくは75重量%以上、さらに好ましくは85重量%以上であることが望ましい。
【0017】
また、上記ポリプロピレン系樹脂には、ポリプロピレン本来の特性を損なわない範囲で、他のポリマー、例えば、高密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状超低密度ポリエチレン、エチレン−ブテン共重合体、エチレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体等のエチレン系樹脂、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、スチレン系樹脂等所望に応じて混合することができる。
【0018】
上記のポリプロピレン系樹脂は、低い見かけ密度を有し、厚みのある発泡層を得るためには、230℃におけるメルトフローレイト(MFR)が2〜15g/10分の範囲にあり、またメルトテンション(MT)が3〜30gfの範囲であることが望ましい。
【0019】
上記のメルトフローレイト(MFR)は、JIS K7210に記載されている230℃、荷重2.16kgfで測定される値が採用される。
またメルトテンション(MT)は、株式会社東洋精機製作所製のメルトテンションテスターII型によって測定される。具体的には、ノズル径2.095mm、長さ8mmのノズルを有するメルトテンションテスターを用い、前記のノズルから樹脂温度230℃、押出しピストン速度10mm/分の条件で樹脂を紐状に押出し、この紐状物を直径45mmの張力検出用プーリーに掛けた後、5rpm/sec(紐状物の捲取り加速度:1.3×10−2m/sec)程度の割合で捲取り速度を徐々に増加させて行きながら直径50mmの捲取りローラーで捲取る。そして、先ず張力検出用プーリーに掛けた紐状物が切れるまで捲取り速度を増加させ、紐状物が切れたときの捲取り速度をR(rpm)を求める。
次いで、R×0.7(rpm)の一定の捲取り速度において捲取りを行なって張力検出用プーリーと連結する検出器により検出される紐状物の溶融張力(MT)を経時的に測定し、縦軸にMT(gf)を、横軸に時間(秒)を取ったチャートに示すと、図5に示されるように振幅を示すグラフが得られる。図5において、本発明におけるMTは、振幅の安定した部分の振幅の中央値(X)とする。
ただし、捲取り速度が500rpmに達しても紐状物が切れない場合には、捲取り速度500rpmにおいて捲取りを行なって得られるグラフから上記の通り測定される値を溶融張力(MT)とする。
【0020】
本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品において、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも800MPaを有し、低温時のアイゾット衝撃値(ノッチ付き、−25℃)が少なくとも10KJ/mの表皮層13を形成する樹脂層3は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂を少なくとも40重量%含有させ、更に高密度ポリエチレン、エチレン−プロピレンゴムやポリオレフィン系エラストマーなどの低温脆性を改善するための重合体を配合することにより調整される。該樹脂層を構成する樹脂組成物の好ましい具体例としては、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaで、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mである密度0.94〜0.97g/cmのポリエチレンを20〜100重量部、およびポリプロピレン系樹脂と該ポリエチレンとの混合樹脂100重量部に対して相溶化剤を2〜20重量部からなる樹脂組成物(1)、またはポリプロピレン系樹脂、該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも40MPaで、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mであるポリオレフィン系エラストマーを10〜80重量部からなる樹脂組成物(2)が挙げられる。
表皮層13を形成する樹脂層3のポリプロピレン系樹脂の含有量が40重量%未満であると、厚みによる差異はあるものの軽量性に優れた発泡成形品を得ようとする場合、表皮層の曲げ弾性率が不十分なものとなることから成形品発泡層による補強効果が付加されたとしても得られる発泡成形品の曲げ物性が不十分なものとなってしまう。また、発泡層に表皮層が直接積層される場合は、発泡層と表皮層との接着性が不十分となる虞がある。
尚、樹脂層3に使用されるポリプロピレン系樹脂としては、前述した発泡層2に使用されるポリプロピレン系樹脂と同様のものが挙げられる。
【0021】
上記樹脂組成物(1)において、高密度ポリエチレンは本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品における表皮層13の耐衝撃性、特に低温時の耐衝撃性の向上に効力を有するものである。そのような効果を発揮し得る高密度ポリエチレンは曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaであり、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mであることを要する。上記樹脂組成物(1)からなる表皮層を有する本発明の発泡成形品においては、使用される高密度ポリエチレンは上記の両者の物性値を満足することが必要であり、上記の両者の物性値を満足する高密度ポリエチレンが含まれる樹脂組成物(1)からなる表皮層付き発泡成形品は、曲げ強さ及び低温時の耐衝撃性が極めて優れたものとなる。
【0022】
また、本発明において、上記の高密度ポリエチレンを発泡多層パリソン5の樹脂層3の構成成分の一つとして使用することにより、ダイから押出した際、多層パリソン5のドローダウンを抑制することでき、またコルゲートの発生を抑制することができる作用効果をも有し、厚み及び密度が均一で外観が良好な発泡成形品を得ることができる。
【0023】
本発明に用いられる高密度ポリエチレンとしては、耐衝撃性が高く、かつ曲げ弾性率も高いものが要求されるが、一般的に耐衝撃性の高い高密度ポリエチレン原料には、1)高分子量化、2)挟分子量分布化、3)低弾性率化といった設計がなされている。1)の高分子量化は脆さの改善に有効であり、2)の挟分子量分布化は、低分子量成分の排除を目的としている。3)の低弾性率化は柔らかくすることで衝撃の応力を分散させるものである。
本発明に使用される高密度ポリエチレンは、1)の高分子量化と2)の挟分子量分布化によって耐衝撃性が改良されたものである。このような高分子ポリエチレンは、例えば、出光石油化学社から市販されている商品名:IDEMITSU HD「520MB」、「310E」などがあり入手することができる。
【0024】
高密度ポリエチレンの配合量は、上記樹脂組成物(1)におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、20〜100重量部が使用される。高密度ポリエチレンの配合割合がポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、20重量部未満の場合には、得られる発泡成形品において用途によっては低温時の耐衝撃性が不十分なものとなる。一方、高密度ポリエチレンの配合割合がポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、100重量部を超えると、流動性が低下し良好な共押出し発泡が難しくなり、また、得られる発泡成形品において曲げ物性が不十分なものとなる。これらの事情を勘案して、上記樹脂組成物(1)において高密度ポリエチレンの配合量は、該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、30〜90重量部が好ましく、更に40〜80重量部が好ましい。
【0025】
本発明において、上記樹脂組成物(1)を構成する相溶化剤としては、例えば、スチレン−エチレンブロック共重合体、スチレン−エチレン−プロピレンブロック共重合、エチレン−プロピレングラフト共重合体、スチレン‐ブタジエン‐スチレンブロック共重合、スチレン−イソプレン‐スチレンブロック共重合、スチレン−ブタジエン−スチレンブロック共重合体水添物、スチレン−イソプレン‐スチレンブロック共重合水添物等が挙げられる。上記相溶化剤のうち、特にジエン成分を含む熱可塑性エラストマーおよび該熱可塑性エラストマーの水添物から選択される1種以上であることが、樹脂組成物(1)を表皮層として有する発泡成形品の低温時の耐衝撃性の改善効果に特に優れる点で好ましい。
上記の相溶化剤としては、例えば、住友化学社から市販されている商品名「ダイナロン6200P」、旭化成社から市販されている商品名「タフテックH1141」などがあり入手することができる。
【0026】
本発明における相溶化剤は、表皮層付き発泡成形品の表皮層の耐衝撃性、特に低温耐衝撃性の向上に寄与する重要な成分であり、該相溶化剤の配合量は、上記樹脂組成物(1)におけるポリプロピレン系樹脂と高密度ポリエチレンとの混合樹脂100重量部に対して、2〜20重量部が使用される。該相溶化剤が2重量部未満では低温耐衝撃性の向上は殆ど認められず、一方該相溶化剤が20重量部を超える場合には、表皮層の曲げ剛性等の強度が低下し用途によっては得られる発泡成形品の曲げ物性が不十分なものとなる。したがって、上記樹脂組成物(1)において、相溶化剤の配合量は、該混合樹脂100重量部に対して、5〜20重量部が好ましく、更に5〜15重量部であることが好ましい。
尚、上記樹脂組成物(1)からなる表皮層付き発泡成形品は、自動車のトランクリッドとして好適なものである。
【0027】
本発明の上記樹脂組成物(2)におけるポリオレフィン系エラストマーは、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも40MPaであり、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mを有するものが使用される。
このような物性値を有するポリオレフィン系エラストマーとしては、例えば、ソフトセグメントとしてエチレン−プロピレンゴム、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエンゴムなどのポリオレフィン系ゴム、ハードセグメントとしてポリプロピレン系樹脂、ポリエチレン系樹脂などのポリオレフィン系樹脂を成分とする複合材料である。このようなポリオレフィン系エラストマーは、例えば、出光石油化学社から市販されている商品名:IDEMITSU TPO「M142E」、「M452E」などがあり入手することができる。
【0028】
上記樹脂組成物(2)からなる表皮層を有する本発明の発泡成形品において、上記ポリオレフィン系エラストマーは表皮層付き発泡成形品の曲げ剛性等のポリプロピレン系樹脂に因る強度を維持しつつ表皮層の耐衝撃性の向上に寄与する機能を有するものであり、上記物性値の両者を満足することが必要である。
上記の両者の物性値を満足するポリオレフィン系エラストマーが含まれる樹脂組成物(2)からなる表皮層付き発泡成形品は、前記樹脂組成物(1)からなる表皮層付き発泡成形品と比べて、曲げ強度において多少劣るものではあるが低温時の耐衝撃性が極めて優れたものとなる。
【0029】
本発明において上記樹脂組成物(2)を構成する上記ポリオレフィン系エラストマーは、樹脂組成物(2)を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、10〜80重量部が使用される。該オレフィン系エラストマーが10重量部未満では、得られる表皮層付き発泡成形品の所期の目的とする耐衝撃性、特に低温時の耐衝撃性を向上させることができない。一方、80重量部を超える配合量では、表皮層の曲げ剛性等の強度が低下し、得られる表皮層付き発泡成形品の曲げ物性が不十分なものとなってしまう。したがって上記樹脂組成物(2)において、ポリオレフィン系エラストマーの配合量は、該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して20〜80重量部が好ましく、更に30〜70重量部であることが好ましい。
尚、上記樹脂組成物(2)からなる表皮層付き発泡成形品は、低温輸送に使用される保冷箱として好適なものである。
【0030】
本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の発泡層12を形成するために発泡多層パリソン5の発泡層2を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂に添加される発泡剤は、物理発泡剤、化学発泡剤のいずれも使用することができるが、発泡倍率の高い発泡層を得るには物理発泡剤を使用することが好ましい。物理発泡剤としては、例えば、プロパン、n−ブタン、i−ブタン、n−ペンタン、i−ペンタン、n−ヘキサン、i−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン等の脂肪族炭化水素、塩化メチル、塩化エチル、1,1,1,2−テトラフロロエタン、1,1−ジフロロエタン等のハロゲン化炭化水素、メタノール、エタノール等のアルコール、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、メチルエチルエーテル等のエーテル、二酸化炭素、窒素、アルゴン、水等の無機ガスが挙げられる。また、化学発泡剤としては、アゾジカルボンアミド等が挙げられる。これらの発泡剤は単独で、または2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
発泡剤の添加量は、所望する発泡倍率を考慮して決められるが、本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品においては、概ね、物理発泡剤を基材樹脂であるポリプロピレン系樹脂1kgに対して、0.15〜0.8モルの割合で使用する。
【0031】
また、本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の発泡成形品発泡層12を形成する発泡多層パリソン5の発泡層2を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂には、タルク等の気泡調整剤が添加される。気泡調整剤は通常ポリプロピレン系樹脂に添加しマスターバッチの形態で使用される。気泡調整剤の添加量は、通常、基材樹脂であるポリプロピレン系樹脂に対して0.1〜10重量%である。
【0032】
また、発泡成形品発泡層12、表皮層13を形成する発泡多層パリソン5の発泡層2および樹脂層3には、必要に応じて、赤外線吸収剤、難燃剤、流動性調整剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤、熱安定剤、酸化防止剤、無機充填剤等の各種の添加剤を適宜配合することができる。
【0033】
次に、図3、図4により本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品1の製造方法を説明する。図3、図4は本発明表皮層付き発泡成形品の製造方法の一例を概念的に説明する説明図である。図3に示すように、例えば、発泡多層パリソン5を形成するに際して各層を形成する基材樹脂をそれぞれ個別の押出機(図示しない)内で溶融混練し、これらをダイ21内で合流し積層させながら押出機から低圧域に押出して発泡多層パリソン5を得る。この際、押出機とダイ21との間に、またはダイ内にアキュムレーターを配置することが好ましい。
【0034】
発泡多層パリソン5から表皮層付き発泡成形品1を製造するには、押出された発泡多層パリソン5を、図3に示すように、発泡多層パリソン5の側面を分割形式の成形型の金型22aと金型22b等複数の分割成形型にて挟むように閉鎖する。成形型を閉鎖して行くとキャビティー24内で発泡多層パリソン5が圧縮されて偏平状に変形されながら、発泡多層パリソンが成形型内面に密着され、図4に示すように成形型の閉鎖が完了すると発泡多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部が接合され一体化されて本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品が得られる。なお、図3、図4に示すように成形型に減圧用配管23を設けた成形型を使用し、減圧しながら成形することにより発泡多層パリソンの外側表面と成形型の内面とが充分に密着し、成形型形状を良好に反映した発泡成形品を得ることができ、得られる発泡成形品の外観も良好なものとなる。
尚、発泡多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部が接合されて形成される本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品において、発泡多層パリソンの内面同士の接合割合は、該多層パリソンの内面の全表面積に対して、50%以上、更に75%以上、特に80〜100%の面積において接合されていることが、得られる発泡成形品の機械的物性がより向上することから好ましい。
【0035】
また、上記発泡成形品の製造方法において、発泡多層パリソンと成形型との間に、繊維シートを配置し、型締めの際に多層パリソンと繊維シートを熱圧着するとともに、該多層パリソンを成形型にて成形し、成形品表面の少なくとも一部に繊維表皮材が設けられた発泡成形品を得ることができる。上記方法にて得られる繊維表皮材を設けた発泡成形品は、中空ソリッドブロー成形に比べて本発明の上記成形は、成形時の成形型温度が低いこと、成形型に対する成形時の面圧が低いことから繊維表皮材の厚みの減少、ソフト感の減少等の傷みが見られない良好な繊維表皮層付き発泡成形品を得ることができる。尚、上記繊維シートとしては、ポリプロピレン系樹脂繊維、ポリエステル系樹脂繊維等の合成繊維、その他、天然繊維等、からなる織布又は不織布からなる目付量50〜600g/m、好ましくは目付量100〜500g/mのシートが挙げられる。
【0036】
発泡多層パリソンとして、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡層2の外側に樹脂層3を有する筒状の発泡多層パリソンを使用したものについて、本発明を説明したが、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡層2の内側にその他の樹脂層が形成された発泡多層パリソンや、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡層2と該発泡層2の外側に形成された樹脂層3との間にその他の樹脂層が形成された発泡多層パリソンを使用して本発明の発泡成形品を得ることができる。上記その他の樹脂層としては、前述のポリプロピレン系樹脂や、ポリエチレン系樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂などガスバリヤー性、防湿性、更なる剛性などを発泡成形品に付加できる機能性素材が好ましい。
【0037】
上記のような方法により得られる本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品1は、該表皮層にポリプロピレン系樹脂が40重量%以上含有し、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも800MPa、好ましくは1000MPaを有し、低温時のアイゾット衝撃値(ノッチ付き、−25℃)が少なくとも10KJ/m、好ましくは20KJ/mであることを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品であり、したがって、耐衝撃性、特に低温時の耐衝撃性に優れ表面に衝撃が加わっても簡単にひび割れ、亀裂等が生じない発泡成形品であり、特定の曲げ弾性率を有する表皮層と発泡成形品発泡層との複合効果により曲げ及び圧縮等の機械的強度に優れ、重量物を載置しても撓むことがない発泡成形品である。
【0038】
また、本発明の発泡成形品は表皮層と発泡成形品発泡層との複合効果により表皮層を薄くして軽量性を高めても十分な曲げ強度を得ることができ、図6に示す従来の中空ソリッドブロー成形品と本発明の発泡成形品とを比較した、3mmたわみ荷重と成形品坪量(単位面積当たりの重量)の関係を現すグラフの通り、優れた軽量性と剛性を兼備したものが得られる。したがって、優れた軽量性と剛性を兼備するものが得られる点から本発明の発泡成形品は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品に対する表皮層の重量比率については0.35〜0.7、更に0.4〜0.6のものが好ましく、該発泡成形品の密度については0.5〜0.05g/cmであることが好ましく、表皮層の厚みについては0.5〜3mm、更に1〜2mmであることが好ましい。
また、本発明の発泡成形品を構成する発泡成形品発泡層の独立気泡率は70%以上、更に80%以上であることが該成形品の圧縮、曲げなどの機械的物性において特に優れたものとなるため好ましい。
【0039】
本発明の発泡成形品を板状に形成してトランクリッドなどのパネルとする場合には、ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品に対する表皮層の重量比率が0.35〜0.7、該発泡成形品の単位面積当たりの重量が2〜10kg/m、厚みが10〜50mmであり、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaであることが耐衝撃性、特に低温時の耐衝撃性に優れ表面に衝撃が加わっても簡単にひび割れ、亀裂等が生じないパネルであり、特定の曲げ弾性率を有する表皮層と発泡成形品発泡層との複合効果により軽量で優れた剛性を有し、曲げ及び圧縮等の機械的強度に優れ、重量物を載置しても撓むことがない発泡成形品である。
【0040】
更に、本発明の発泡成形品からなるパネルは、3mmたわみ時の曲げ強さ(N)と該パネルの単位面積当たりの重量及び該パネルの厚みとの関係が下記(1)式を満足するものであることが好ましい。下記(1)式を満足することにより、従来の中空ソリッドブロー成形品では得ることの出来なかった優れた軽量性と剛性を兼備したパネルとなる。尚、下記(1)式を満足するパネルが得られる理由は、表皮層と発泡成形品発泡層との複合効果に起因する。即ち、中空ソリッドブロー成形品パネルの強度は、リブなどの構造的な構成、樹脂の種類等にも因る部分もあるが、基本的には該ブロー成形品を構成する樹脂の厚みにより大きく左右され、結局のところ十分な剛性を有するものを得るためには樹脂厚みを厚くする必要があり、そのことが得られるパネルの重量を支配する。それに対し本発明の発泡成形品パネルは表皮層と内部の発泡成形品発泡層とが積層接着してなるものであり、十分な剛性を有するものを得るために、中空ソリッドブロー成形品の樹脂に相当する表皮層の厚みを厚くしなくても発泡成形品発泡層が積層されている効果によって十分な剛性を発揮できる。そのことにより、表皮層の厚みを薄くしてパネルの重量を低減しても剛性が大きく低下することがない。
【数1】
Y≧58X+0.4Z−6Z−120・・・(1)
Y:3mmたわみ時の曲げ強さ(N)
X:発泡成形品の坪量(g/m
Z:発泡成形品の厚み(mm)
尚、3mmたわみ時の曲げ強さ(N):Yは、成形品が3mmたわむのに必要な荷重値。試験はJIS K 7221(1999)に準拠し、試験速度;10mm/min、支点間距離;200mm、加圧圧子半径;25mm、支持台半径;15mmで実施し、試験片寸法は長さ;250mm、幅;70mm、厚さ;発泡成形品の厚みとした。
【0041】
尚、本明細書において発泡成形品発泡層12の見かけ密度は次のようにして求められる。すなわち、表皮層付き発泡成形品1から発泡層のみを、できるだけ全厚みに亘って切り出し、切り出したサンプルの重量(g)を、その外形の寸法より求められる体積(cm)で除して求められる。但し、上記見かけ密度の測定は20個以上の切り出しサンプルについて行ない、各々の切り出しサンプルから求められる見かけ密度の内、最大値と最小値を除いたものの算術平均値をもって発泡成形品発泡層12の見かけ密度とする。
【0042】
また、本明細書において発泡成形品の密度は、発泡成形品の重量(g)を、発泡成形品の体積(cm)で除して求められる値である。発泡成形品の体積は水没法などのより求めることができる。
【0043】
また、本明細書において発泡成形品および表皮層の厚みは、発泡成形品の垂直断面より、必要に応じて顕微鏡写真により拡大し、測定することができる。但し、上記厚みの測定は垂直断面において等間隔に20箇所において厚み測定を行ない、求められる20箇所の厚みの内、最大値と最小値を除いた18箇所の厚みの算術平均値をもって発泡成形品または表皮層の厚みとする。
【0044】
また、本明細書において、発泡成形品発泡層の独立気泡率の測定は、ASTM−D2856−70(1976再認定)の手順Cに従って、東芝ベックマン株式会社の空気比較式比重計930型を使用して測定(発泡成形品発泡層から25mm×25mm×20mmのサイズに切断された成形表皮を持たないカットサンプルをサンプルカップ内に収容して測定する。ただし、厚みが薄く厚み方向に20mmのカットサンプルが切り出せない場合には、複数枚のカットサンプルを使用し、例えば、25mm×25mm×10mmのサイズのカットサンプルを2枚同時に使用して、サンプルカップ内に収容して測定すればよい。)された発泡成形品発泡層(カットサンプル)の真の体積Vxを用い、(2)式により独立気泡率S(%)を計算する。尚、一つの発泡成形品発泡層に対して3箇所の異なる部分からカットサンプルを切り出して各々のカットサンプルについて上記測定を行ない得られた値の平均値を独立気泡率とする。
【数2】
S(%)=(Vx−W/ρ)×100/(Va−W/ρ)  (2)
Vx:上記方法で測定されたカットサンプルの真の体積(cm)であり、カットサンプルを構成する樹脂の容積と、カットサンプル内の独立気泡部分の気泡全容積との和に相当する。
Va:測定に使用されたカットサンプルの外寸から計算されたカットサンプルの見掛け上の体積(cm)。
W:測定に使用されたカットサンプル全重量(g)。
ρ:発泡成形品発泡層を構成する樹脂の密度(g/cm)。
【0045】
また、本明細書において、表皮層の曲げ弾性率は以下の通り求められる。
すなわち、JIS K 7171(1994)に準拠する形で、試験片の作製並びに測定を実施した。具体的には、表皮層を切出してリペレットしたものを射出成形機にて長さ;80mm、幅;10mm、厚さ;4.0mmの試験片を作製し,試験速度;10mm/min、半径5.0mmの支持台及び圧子で、支点間距離68mmにて測定し、曲げ弾性率を求めた。尚、試験片は測定前に規格に従った状態調節を行った。また、原料の曲げ弾性率については、該原料を使用して射出成形により試験片を作製する以外上記方法と同様にして測定を行なうこととする。
【0046】
また、本明細書において、表皮層のアイゾット衝撃値(KJ/m)(ノッチ付き、−25℃)は以下の通り求められる。
すなわち、JIS K7110(1999)に準拠する形で、ノッチ付き試験片のアイゾット衝撃値の測定を実施した。具体的には、表皮層を切出してリペレットしたものを用い、射出成形機にてJIS K7110(1999)附属書Aに規定される2号試験片Aノッチ寸法の試験片を作製し、ひょう量0.12Jで測定を行った。試験片の状態調節は−25℃とし、JIS K7110(1999)附属書1に則って、−25℃の恒温室内で必要時間保持し、同室内にて測定を行う手法で実施した。また、原料のアイゾット衝撃値は、該原料を使用して射出成形により試験片を作製すること、試験片の状態調節は23℃、50%RHの恒温室内で必要時間保持し、23℃の同室内にて測定を行なう以外は、上記方法と同様にして測定を行なうこととする。
【0047】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げ、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0048】
実施例1〜9、比較例1〜6
発泡成形品発泡層を形成する発泡多層パリソンの発泡層は、表1,2に示す発泡層を構成するポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、ステアリン酸ナトリウム5重量部およびタルク10重量部を低密度ポリエチレン100重量部に配合して調整した気泡調整剤マスターバッチ3.1重量部を基材樹脂のポリプロピレン系樹脂に混合し、内径65〜90mmの2連押出機に供給し、加熱溶融混練した後、基材樹脂1kgに対して、表1,2に示す発泡剤注入量の二酸化炭素発泡剤を押出機の途中から圧入し、混練して発泡性溶融樹脂とした。一方、表皮層を形成する樹脂層は表1,2の原料配合に着色剤を配合し、内径65mmの押出機に供給し、加熱溶融混練して非発泡性溶融樹脂とした。
【0049】
次いで、発泡性溶融樹脂の温度を162℃、非発泡性溶融樹脂の温度を185℃に調整して、それぞれの押出機に連結された別々のアキュムレーターに充填し、各アキュムレーターのラムを同時に押すと共にダイの先端に配置されたゲートを開き溶融樹脂をダイ内にて両者を合流させてから共押出しすることにより多層筒状成形物(発泡多層パリソン)を形成した。なお、実施例1〜5、および比較例1〜6においては吐出量65kg/(hr・cm)、実施例6〜9においては吐出量150kg/(hr・cm)とした。尚、アキュムレーターからダイ内に注入された各溶融樹脂はダイの先端付近に設置されたゲート付近で合流し、層状になってダイより排出され、樹脂層(外側)/発泡層(内側)からなる多層筒状成形物(発泡多層パリソン)を形成した。
【0050】
次いで、押出された発泡多層パリソンを挟むようにダイ直下に設置された図3に示すような2分割形式の成形型を閉鎖して行き、成形型内面で該発泡多層パリソンを圧縮して扁平状に変形させ、さらに成形型内を減圧して発泡多層パリソンを成形型内面に密着させて成形した後、冷却、離型して幅500mm、長さ1000mm、厚み1mmの表皮層を有する成形品厚み15〜30mmの表皮層付き発泡成形品パネルを得た。尚、上記の成形型には成形型内面に梨地加工を施したものを使用した。得られた成形物は表面平滑性がよく、収縮変形、座屈などが見られず外観が良好なものであった。この表皮層付き発泡成形品の断面を観察したところ発泡多層パリソン内面の発泡層同士が隙間なく融着した発泡成形品であった。なお、表3、表4において繊維シート「あり」は、成形型と発泡多層パリソンとの間にポリプロピレン繊維からなる不織布シートを配置して成形した。得られた表皮層付き発泡成形品の表皮層の曲げ弾性率および低温アイゾット衝撃値、ならびに発泡成形品の特性値を表3および表4に示した。
【0051】
【表1】

Figure 2004082332
【0052】
【表2】
Figure 2004082332
【0053】
【表3】
Figure 2004082332
【0054】
【表4】
Figure 2004082332
【0055】
表3,4において、
耐衝撃性試験は、発泡成形品から200mm×200mm×厚み(発泡成形品厚み)のサイズに切出した試験片を、−25℃の雰囲気下に3時間以上保持した後、室温(温度23℃、湿度55%)に取出して2秒以内に任意の高さより球形の重錘(0.3kg)を落下させ、JISK7211に準じて落錘衝撃試験を行ない、試験片の損傷状態を目視にて評価した。
◎:落下高さ1m(破壊エネルギー3J)で試験片に損傷が見られない。
○:落下高さ1m(破壊エネルギー3J)では試験片に僅かな損傷が見られるが、落下高さ0.5m(破壊エネルギー1.5J)では損傷が見られない。
×:落下高さ0.5m(破壊エネルギー1.5J)で損傷が見られる。
【0056】
曲げ剛性試験は、JISK7203(1982)に準じて試験片の長さが成形品の長手方向となる長さ250mm×幅70mm×厚み(成形品の厚み)の試験片を作製し、支点の先端R=15mm、加圧の先端R=25mm、支点間の距離200mm、曲げ速度10mm/minとした。曲げ剛性の評価は、3mm撓み時の荷重を測定し、下記の基準に従い評価した。
◎:3mm撓み時の荷重が250N以上。
○:3mm撓み時の荷重が150N以上250N以下。
×:3mm撓み時の荷重が150N未満。
【0057】
実施例10〜13、比較例7〜9
表5に示す原料配合以外は、実施例1と同様にして多層筒状成形物(発泡多層パリソン)をダイより、吐出量65kg/(hr・cm)で押出し、ダイ直下に設置された箱型形状の分割式成形型を閉鎖して行き、成形型内面で発泡多層パリソンを扁平状に変形させ、さらに成形型内を減圧して発泡多層パリソンを成形型内面に密着させて形成し、冷却、離型して、開口部外寸法:縦420mm、横350mm、容器高さ230mm、容器肉厚20mmの台形状容器を成形した。得られた発泡成形品は表面平滑性に優れ、収縮、座屈などは見られず、外観が良好なものであった。この発泡成形品の断面を観察したところ、発泡多層パリソン内面の発泡層同士が隙間なく融着した厚み1mmの表皮層を有する発泡成形品であった。得られた表皮層付き発泡成形品の表皮層の曲げ弾性率および低温アイゾット衝撃値、ならびに発泡成形品の特性値を表6に示した。
【0058】
【表5】
Figure 2004082332
【0059】
【表6】
Figure 2004082332
【0060】
表6において、
耐衝撃性試験は、容器および蓋成形品を、‐20℃の雰囲気下に3時間以上保持した後、室温(温度23℃、湿度55%)に取出して2秒以内に0.6mの高さよりコンクリート床上に角部より落下させ、成形品の損傷状態を目視にて評価した。
◎:落下試験後の成形品に亀裂、凹み等の損傷が見られた。
○:落下試験後の成形品に凹みは見られるが損傷は見られない。
△:落下試験後の成形品の表皮層にわずかな亀裂があり、かつ凹みを生じた。
×:落下試験後の成形品に大きな亀裂および凹みを生じた。
【0061】
剛性試験は、JISZ0212に準じて容器を3段に重ねた後、4700Nの圧縮荷重を加え、容器の破損、座屈などの異常の有無を下記の基準に従い評価した。
○:容器本体および蓋共に異常なし。
×:容器本体および蓋のいずれかに破損、座屈等の異常が見られた。
【0062】
尚、表1,2及び5中の原料の詳細は以下の通りである。
[PP]
PF814:モンテル・カナダ社製、ポリプロピレン単独重合体。
SD632:モンテル・カナダ社製、ポリプロピレン系樹脂。
J900GP:出光石油化学社製、ポリプロピレン単独重合体。
[HDPE]
520MB:出光石油化学社製、高密度ポリエチレン、密度0.964g/cm,曲げ弾性率1500MPa、アイゾット衝撃値39KJ/m以上。
[ポリオレフィン系エラストマー]
M142E:出光石油化学社製、ポリオレフィン系エラストマー、
曲げ弾性率45MPa、アイゾット衝撃値39KJ/m以上。
M452E:出光石油化学社製、ポリオレフィン系エラストマー、
曲げ弾性率215MPa、アイゾット衝撃値39KJ/m以上。
[相溶化剤]
Dynaron:住友化学社製、スチレン系エラストマー水添物。
【0063】
【発明の効果】
本発明の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品は、成形品内部に発泡層を有するものであるため同じ樹脂量の従来の中空ソリッドブロー成形品に比べて軽量であると共に、曲げ強度に優れ、耐衝撃性、特に低温耐衝撃性に優れるものであり、自動車トランクリッド等として好適ものである。したがって、同じ強度の従来の中空ソリッドブロー成形品と比べて本発明の発泡成形品は軽量化が可能である。
【0064】
また本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品は内部に独立気泡の発泡層を有することができるために、断熱性に優れるとともに、軽量で、曲げ強度に優れ、低温耐衝撃性にも優れているので繰り返し使用に充分耐え得るものであり、低温輸送用の保冷箱に好適である。
また従来の繰り返し使用可能な保冷箱として知られる中空ソリッドブロー成形品にウレタンを注入発泡させた製品は、最終製品を得るまでに複数の工程が必要で工程が煩雑であるが、本発明は1工程で最終製品とすることができる利点がある。
さらに、本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品はオレフィン系樹脂で形成されておりリサイクル性にも優れている。
また、不織布等の繊維表皮材を発泡成形品の成形と同時に成形品の表面に設けることができ繊維表皮材の傷みが見られない良好な繊維表皮層付き発泡成形品を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の一例を示す断面図。
【図2】本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の製造に用いられる発泡多層パリソンの一例を示す一部切欠斜視図。
【図3】本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の製造方法の一例を示す説明図。
【図4】本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品の製造方法の一例を示す説明図。
【図5】溶融張力の測定における溶融張力と時間との関係を示すグラフ。
【図6】本発明の表皮層付き発泡成形品及び従来の中空ソリッドブロー成形品の坪量と曲げ強さの関係を示すグラフ。
【符号の説明】
1   表皮層付き発泡成形品
12  発泡成形品発泡層
13  表皮層
2   発泡層
3   樹脂層
5   発泡多層パリソン[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat-insulated cold box, a lightweight heat-insulating panel used for floors and doors, a pallet, a multi-layer polypropylene foamed article used as an automobile member, etc., particularly a trunk lid of an automobile, a cold box used for low-temperature transportation. The present invention relates to a molded product suitable for applications requiring rigidity and low-temperature impact resistance, such as a pallet, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a member having both high bending rigidity and low-temperature impact resistance, such as a trunk lid of an automobile, a molded product having a rib structure called a double wall structure made of solid blow molding has been used (for example, see Patent No. No. 3236680, JP-A-10-217320). In order to satisfy bending rigidity and low-temperature impact resistance, these molded products have a large solid thickness and a large number of specially shaped ribs. For this reason, the entire molded product must be heavy, and a reduction in weight is required.
In the case of cold storage boxes used for low-temperature transportation of foods, most of the conventional types are disposable types such as boxes made of polystyrene resin foam molded from polystyrene resin foam particles. Although a box has been required for a long time, it is a fact that none of them can satisfy all of physical properties and price, such as low-temperature impact resistance, strength enough to withstand repeated use, and light weight.
[0003]
Further, a method of obtaining a multilayer resin foam by molding a hollow multilayer parison having a thermoplastic resin layer on the surface of the multilayer foam resin layer while compressing it with a mold and fusing the inner surfaces of the parison is disclosed in, for example, No. 6-324449 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-47537, however, in this method, the strength of the surface resin layer, particularly the low-temperature impact resistance and the flexural modulus, were not always sufficiently satisfactory.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and has excellent mechanical properties such as impact resistance at low temperature, bending strength, durability, and lightweight, and has a skin layer and is excellent in lightweight polypropylene resin foam molding. The purpose is to provide goods.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and found that a foamed multi-layer parison in a mold, a polypropylene resin foam having a skin layer in which at least a part of inner surfaces of the multi-layer parison are mutually fused together. In the molded article, the resin layer of the foamed multilayer parison forming the skin layer has a specific Izod impact strength, particularly a low-temperature impact strength, and a polypropylene resin having a specific flexural modulus and a high-density polyethylene and a compatibilizer, or The present invention has been found to be able to obtain a lightweight polypropylene resin foam molded article having a skin layer, which is excellent in low-temperature impact resistance, flexural rigidity, and durability by being composed of a polypropylene-based resin and a polyolefin-based elastomer. It was completed.
[0006]
That is, the present invention
(1) A skin formed by sandwiching a cylindrical foamed multi-layer parison having a resin layer on the outside of a polypropylene-based resin foam layer with a mold so that the inner surfaces of the multi-layer parison are fused at least partially. In the layered polypropylene resin foam molded article, the skin layer contains 40% by weight or more of the polypropylene resin, the skin layer has a flexural modulus of at least 800 MPa, and the Izod impact value at low temperature (notched,- 25 ° C.) is at least 10 KJ / m 2 A foamed polypropylene resin product with a skin layer, characterized in that:
[0007]
(2) The weight ratio of the skin layer to the polypropylene resin foam molded article is 0.35 to 0.7, and the weight per unit area of the foam molded article is 2 to 10 kg / m. 2 A panel made of a foamed polypropylene resin product with a skin layer according to the above (1), wherein the panel has a thickness of 10 to 50 mm and a flexural modulus of the skin layer of at least 1000 MPa.
[0008]
(3) The panel according to the above (2), wherein a fiber skin material is provided on at least one surface of the skin layer.
[0009]
(4) Izod having a flexural modulus of at least 1000 MPa with respect to a foamable molten resin (A) obtained by adding and kneading a foaming agent to a polypropylene resin and 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin and the polypropylene resin. Impact value of at least 20 KJ / m 2 Density of 0.94 to 0.97 g / cm 3 Is obtained by kneading a resin composition (1) comprising 20 to 100 parts by weight of polyethylene and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a compatibilizer with 100 parts by weight of a mixed resin of the polypropylene resin and the polyethylene. By co-extruding the molten resin (B), a foamed multilayer parison having a resin layer made of the molten resin (B) is formed outside the foamed layer formed by foaming the foamable molten resin (A). And a method for producing a foamed polypropylene resin article having a skin layer, wherein the molded article is molded with a molding die so that at least a part of the inner surfaces of the multilayer parison are fused together.
[0010]
(5) The polypropylene resin having a skin layer according to the above (4), wherein the compatibilizer is at least one selected from a thermoplastic elastomer containing a diene component and a hydrogenated product of the thermoplastic elastomer. A method for producing a foam molded article.
[0011]
(6) Izod having a flexural modulus of at least 40 MPa with respect to a foamable molten resin (A) obtained by adding and kneading a foaming agent to a polypropylene resin, and the polypropylene resin and 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin. Impact value of at least 20 KJ / m 2 The foamable molten resin (A) is foamed by co-extruding a molten resin (C) obtained by kneading a resin composition (2) comprising 10 to 80 parts by weight of the polyolefin-based elastomer. Forming a foamed multi-layer parison having a resin layer made of the above-mentioned molten resin (C) on the outer side of the formed foam layer, and then forming the multi-layer parison with a molding die so as to fuse at least a part of inner surfaces of the multi-layer parison. A method for producing a foamed polypropylene resin product having a skin layer, characterized by comprising:
[0012]
(7) A fiber sheet is arranged between the foamed multi-layer parison and the mold, and the multi-layer parison and the fiber sheet are thermocompression-bonded at the time of mold clamping, and the multi-layer parison is formed in a molding die, and the surface of the molded product is formed. The method for producing a foamed polypropylene resin article having a skin layer according to any one of the above (4) to (6), wherein a foamed molded article having a fiber skin material provided at least in part is obtained.
It is the gist.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The foamed polypropylene resin article with a skin layer of the present invention is obtained by compression-molding a foamed multilayer parison into a mold capable of molding into a desired shape and compressing the foamed layer to such an extent that the foamed layer is not crushed. Outside, polypropylene resin, density 0.94 ~ 0.97g / cm 3 A foamed polypropylene resin article with a skin layer formed with a non-foamed resin layer composed of a polyethylene and a compatibilizer, or a non-foamed resin layer composed of a polypropylene-based resin and a polyolefin-based elastomer. Contains 40% by weight or more of a polypropylene resin, has a skin layer with a flexural modulus of at least 800 MPa, and has an Izod impact value at low temperature (notched, -25 ° C.) of at least 10 KJ / m. 2 It has.
[0014]
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a specific example of a foamed polypropylene resin product having a skin layer according to the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a foamed product). In FIG. 1, a foamed polypropylene resin product 1 with a skin layer has a structure in which a foamed foamed product layer (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as a molded product foamed layer) 12 made of a polypropylene resin is covered with a skin layer 13. Having.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a foamed multi-layer parison 5 for obtaining a foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention. The foamed multilayer parison 5 of FIG. 2 has a configuration in which a resin layer 3 forming a skin layer 13 is laminated on the outside of a foamed layer 2 forming a molded product foamed layer 12.
[0015]
The foamed multilayer parison 5 of the present invention comprises a foamable molten resin (A) prepared by adding a foaming agent to a polypropylene-based resin constituting the foamed layer 2 and melt-kneading in an extruder, and a resin layer 3 on the outer surface. Polypropylene resin, density 0.94 to 0.97 g / cm 3 Resin (B) obtained by kneading a resin composition (1) comprising polyethylene (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as high-density polyethylene) and a compatibilizer in an extruder, or a resin composition comprising a polypropylene resin and a polyolefin elastomer The resin composition (1) or (2) is co-extruded with a molten resin (C) obtained by kneading the product (2) in an extruder from a co-extrusion die into a low pressure region to foam the foamable molten resin. The foamed multi-layer parison 5 having the resin layer 3 made of and having the foamed layer 2 therein is obtained.
[0016]
Examples of the polypropylene resin constituting the foam layer 12 of the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention include a propylene polymer and a copolymer with another olefin copolymerizable with propylene. Other olefins copolymerizable with propylene include, for example, ethylene, 1-butene, isobutylene, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-hexene, 3,4-dimethyl-1-butene, 1- Α-olefins having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as heptene and 3-methyl-1-hexene are exemplified. Further, the above copolymer may be a random copolymer or a block copolymer. Further, in addition to the binary copolymer, a ternary copolymer may be used. These propylene resins are used alone or as a mixture. When the above copolymer is used, it is desirable that the propylene component in the copolymer is 65% by weight or more, preferably 75% by weight or more, more preferably 85% by weight or more.
[0017]
Further, the polypropylene-based resin, other polymers, for example, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, linear ultra-low-density polyethylene, ethylene- Ethylene resins such as butene copolymers and ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene resins and the like can be mixed as desired.
[0018]
The above polypropylene-based resin has a low apparent density and a melt flow rate (MFR) at 230 ° C. in the range of 2 to 15 g / 10 minutes in order to obtain a thick foamed layer. MT) is preferably in the range of 3 to 30 gf.
[0019]
As the above-mentioned melt flow rate (MFR), a value measured at 230 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kgf described in JIS K7210 is adopted.
The melt tension (MT) is measured by a melt tension tester type II manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisaku-sho, Ltd. Specifically, using a melt tension tester having a nozzle having a nozzle diameter of 2.095 mm and a length of 8 mm, the resin was extruded from the nozzle into a string at a resin temperature of 230 ° C. and an extrusion piston speed of 10 mm / min. After hanging the string on a tension detecting pulley having a diameter of 45 mm, 5 rpm / sec (acceleration of winding the string: 1.3 × 10 -2 m / sec 2 ) While gradually increasing the winding speed at a rate of about), winding is performed with a winding roller having a diameter of 50 mm. Then, firstly, the winding speed is increased until the string-like material hung on the tension detecting pulley is cut, and the winding speed when the string-like material is cut is obtained as R (rpm).
Next, winding is performed at a constant winding speed of R × 0.7 (rpm), and the melt tension (MT) of the cord-like object detected by a detector connected to the pulley for tension detection is measured with time. In a chart in which MT (gf) is plotted on the vertical axis and time (second) is plotted on the horizontal axis, a graph showing amplitude is obtained as shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, MT in the present invention is a median (X) of the amplitude of a portion where the amplitude is stable.
However, if the string does not break even when the winding speed reaches 500 rpm, the value measured as described above from the graph obtained by winding at the winding speed of 500 rpm is defined as the melt tension (MT). .
[0020]
The foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention has a flexural modulus of at least 800 MPa and an Izod impact value at low temperature (notched, -25 ° C.) of at least 10 KJ / m. 2 The resin layer 3 forming the skin layer 13 contains at least 40% by weight of a polypropylene-based resin and further blends a polymer for improving low-temperature brittleness such as high-density polyethylene, ethylene-propylene rubber or polyolefin elastomer. It is adjusted by Preferable specific examples of the resin composition constituting the resin layer include a polypropylene resin, a flexural modulus of at least 1000 MPa, and an Izod impact value of at least 20 KJ / m with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin. 2 Density of 0.94 to 0.97 g / cm 3 A resin composition (1) comprising 20 to 100 parts by weight of polyethylene, and 2 to 20 parts by weight of a compatibilizer with respect to 100 parts by weight of a mixed resin of a polypropylene resin and the polyethylene; The flexural modulus is at least 40 MPa and the Izod impact value is at least 20 KJ / m with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin. 2 And a resin composition (2) comprising 10 to 80 parts by weight of the polyolefin-based elastomer.
When the content of the polypropylene-based resin in the resin layer 3 forming the skin layer 13 is less than 40% by weight, the bending of the skin layer is desired in order to obtain a foam molded article excellent in light weight although the thickness differs. Since the modulus of elasticity is insufficient, even if the reinforcing effect of the molded article foam layer is added, the bending properties of the foam molded article obtained are insufficient. Further, when the skin layer is directly laminated on the foam layer, the adhesiveness between the foam layer and the skin layer may be insufficient.
The polypropylene resin used for the resin layer 3 may be the same as the polypropylene resin used for the foam layer 2 described above.
[0021]
In the resin composition (1), the high-density polyethylene has an effect on improving the impact resistance of the skin layer 13 in the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention, particularly the impact resistance at low temperatures. A high-density polyethylene capable of exhibiting such an effect has a flexural modulus of at least 1000 MPa and an Izod impact value of at least 20 KJ / m. 2 It is necessary to be. In the foamed molded article of the present invention having a skin layer composed of the above resin composition (1), the high-density polyethylene used must satisfy both of the above physical property values. The foam molded article with a skin layer comprising the resin composition (1) containing the high-density polyethylene that satisfies the following conditions has extremely excellent flexural strength and low-temperature impact resistance.
[0022]
Further, in the present invention, by using the high-density polyethylene as one of the constituent components of the resin layer 3 of the foamed multilayer parison 5, when extruded from a die, the drawdown of the multilayer parison 5 can be suppressed, Moreover, it also has the effect of suppressing the occurrence of corrugation, and can provide a foam molded article having a uniform thickness and density and a good appearance.
[0023]
The high-density polyethylene used in the present invention is required to have a high impact resistance and a high flexural modulus. Designs such as 2) narrow molecular weight distribution and 3) low elastic modulus have been made. The higher molecular weight of 1) is effective for improving the brittleness, and the narrower molecular weight distribution of 2) aims at eliminating low molecular weight components. The lowering of the elastic modulus of 3) is to disperse the impact stress by making it soft.
The high-density polyethylene used in the present invention has improved impact resistance by increasing the molecular weight in 1) and distributing the molecular weight in 2). Such a high-molecular polyethylene is, for example, commercially available from Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. under the trade names: IDEMISU HD “520 MB”, “310E”, etc., and can be obtained.
[0024]
The blending amount of the high-density polyethylene is 20 to 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin in the resin composition (1). If the blending ratio of the high-density polyethylene is less than 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin, the resulting foamed molded article may have insufficient low-temperature impact resistance depending on the use. On the other hand, if the compounding ratio of the high-density polyethylene exceeds 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin, the fluidity is reduced and good co-extrusion foaming becomes difficult, and the obtained foamed molded product has bending properties. Is inadequate. In consideration of these circumstances, the amount of the high-density polyethylene in the resin composition (1) is preferably 30 to 90 parts by weight, and more preferably 40 to 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin. preferable.
[0025]
In the present invention, examples of the compatibilizer constituting the resin composition (1) include a styrene-ethylene block copolymer, a styrene-ethylene-propylene block copolymer, an ethylene-propylene graft copolymer, and styrene-butadiene. -Styrene block copolymer, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer hydrogenated product, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer hydrogenated product, and the like. Among the above-mentioned compatibilizers, a foam molded article having a resin composition (1) as a skin layer is preferably at least one selected from a thermoplastic elastomer containing a diene component and a hydrogenated product of the thermoplastic elastomer. Is particularly excellent in the effect of improving the impact resistance at low temperatures.
Examples of the above compatibilizing agent include, for example, “Dynalon 6200P” (trade name) commercially available from Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., and “TUFTEC H1141” (trade name) commercially available from Asahi Kasei Corporation.
[0026]
The compatibilizer in the present invention is an important component that contributes to the improvement of the impact resistance of the skin layer of the foam molded article having the skin layer, particularly the low-temperature impact resistance. 2 to 20 parts by weight is used for 100 parts by weight of the mixed resin of the polypropylene resin and the high density polyethylene in the product (1). When the amount of the compatibilizer is less than 2 parts by weight, little improvement in low-temperature impact resistance is recognized. On the other hand, when the amount of the compatibilizer exceeds 20 parts by weight, the strength such as the flexural rigidity of the skin layer decreases, and depending on the application. Becomes insufficient in bending properties of the obtained foam molded article. Therefore, in the resin composition (1), the compounding amount of the compatibilizer is preferably 5 to 20 parts by weight, and more preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed resin.
The foam molded article with a skin layer comprising the resin composition (1) is suitable as a trunk lid for an automobile.
[0027]
The polyolefin elastomer in the resin composition (2) of the present invention has a flexural modulus of at least 40 MPa and an Izod impact value of at least 20 KJ / m. 2 Is used.
Examples of the polyolefin-based elastomer having such physical property values include, for example, a polyolefin-based rubber such as ethylene-propylene rubber or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber as a soft segment, and a polyolefin-based resin such as a polypropylene-based resin or a polyethylene-based resin as a hard segment. It is a composite material as a component. Such polyolefin-based elastomers are commercially available, for example, from Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. under the trade names: IDEMISU TPO “M142E”, “M452E”, and the like, and can be obtained.
[0028]
In the foamed molded article of the present invention having a skin layer made of the resin composition (2), the polyolefin-based elastomer maintains the skin layer strength while maintaining the strength due to the polypropylene-based resin such as the bending rigidity of the foamed article with a skin layer. Has the function of contributing to the improvement of impact resistance, and it is necessary to satisfy both of the above physical properties.
The foam molded article with a skin layer comprising the resin composition (2) containing a polyolefin-based elastomer satisfying the above both physical property values is smaller than the foam molded article with a skin layer comprising the resin composition (1). Although the bending strength is somewhat inferior, the impact resistance at low temperatures is extremely excellent.
[0029]
In the present invention, the polyolefin-based elastomer constituting the resin composition (2) is used in an amount of 10 to 80 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin constituting the resin composition (2). If the amount of the olefin-based elastomer is less than 10 parts by weight, the intended impact resistance of the obtained foam molded article with a skin layer, particularly the impact resistance at low temperatures, cannot be improved. On the other hand, if the compounding amount exceeds 80 parts by weight, the strength such as the bending stiffness of the skin layer decreases, and the bending properties of the obtained foam molded article with the skin layer become insufficient. Therefore, in the resin composition (2), the blending amount of the polyolefin-based elastomer is preferably 20 to 80 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 70 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene-based resin.
The foam molded article with a skin layer made of the resin composition (2) is suitable as a cold box used for low-temperature transportation.
[0030]
The foaming agent added to the polypropylene resin constituting the foamed layer 2 of the foamed multi-layer parison 5 to form the foamed layer 12 of the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention is either a physical foaming agent or a chemical foaming agent. Although it can be used, it is preferable to use a physical foaming agent in order to obtain a foamed layer having a high foaming ratio. Examples of the physical foaming agent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as propane, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, n-hexane, i-hexane, and cyclohexane; methyl chloride; ethyl chloride; Halogenated hydrocarbons such as 1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1-difluoroethane, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and methyl ethyl ether, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, argon, water, etc. Inorganic gas. In addition, examples of the chemical foaming agent include azodicarbonamide. These blowing agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The amount of the foaming agent to be added is determined in consideration of the desired expansion ratio, but in the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention, the physical foaming agent is generally added to 1 kg of the polypropylene resin as the base resin. It is used in a ratio of 0.15 to 0.8 mol.
[0031]
In addition, a foam control agent such as talc is added to the polypropylene resin constituting the foamed layer 2 of the foamed multilayer parison 5 forming the foamed molded article foamed layer 12 of the foamed molded article having a skin layer of the present invention. The cell regulator is usually added to a polypropylene resin and used in the form of a master batch. The addition amount of the cell regulator is usually 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the polypropylene resin as the base resin.
[0032]
If necessary, the foamed layer 2 and the resin layer 3 of the foamed multilayer parison 5 forming the foamed molded article foamed layer 12 and the skin layer 13 may include an infrared absorber, a flame retardant, a fluidity modifier, and an ultraviolet absorber. Various additives such as a coloring agent, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, and an inorganic filler can be appropriately compounded.
[0033]
Next, a method for manufacturing the foam molded article 1 with a skin layer of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 are explanatory views conceptually illustrating an example of a method for producing a foam molded article having a skin layer according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, when forming the foamed multi-layer parison 5, the base resin forming each layer is melt-kneaded in an individual extruder (not shown), and they are merged and laminated in the die 21. While being extruded from the extruder to a low pressure region, a foamed multilayer parison 5 is obtained. At this time, it is preferable to arrange an accumulator between the extruder and the die 21 or in the die.
[0034]
In order to manufacture the foam molded article 1 with a skin layer from the foamed multilayer parison 5, the extruded foamed multilayer parison 5 is formed by dividing the side face of the foamed multilayer parison 5 into a divided mold 22a as shown in FIG. And a plurality of split molds such as the mold 22b. When the mold is closed, the foamed multi-layer parison 5 is compressed and deformed into a flat shape in the cavity 24, while the foamed multi-layer parison is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the mold, and the mold is closed as shown in FIG. When completed, at least a part of the inner surfaces of the foamed multi-layer parison are joined and integrated to obtain a foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the outer surface of the foamed multi-layer parison and the inner surface of the mold are sufficiently adhered by using a mold provided with a pressure reducing pipe 23 in the mold and performing molding under reduced pressure. In addition, it is possible to obtain a foamed molded product that favorably reflects the shape of the molding die, and the appearance of the obtained foamed molded product is also good.
In the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention formed by joining at least a part of the inner surfaces of the foamed multilayer parison, the bonding ratio between the inner surfaces of the foamed multilayer parison is determined by the total surface area of the inner surface of the multilayer parison. On the other hand, it is preferable that the joining is performed in an area of 50% or more, more preferably 75% or more, particularly 80 to 100%, because the mechanical properties of the obtained foamed product are further improved.
[0035]
Further, in the method for producing a foam molded article, a fiber sheet is arranged between the foamed multilayer parison and the molding die, and the multilayer parison and the fiber sheet are thermocompression-bonded at the time of mold clamping, and the multilayer parison is formed into a molding die. , And a foam molded article having a fiber skin material provided on at least a part of the surface of the molded article can be obtained. The foam molded article provided with the fiber skin material obtained by the above method, the molding of the present invention, compared to hollow solid blow molding, the molding temperature during molding is low, the surface pressure during molding with respect to the molding die Since it is low, it is possible to obtain a good foam molded article with a fiber skin layer, which does not show any damage such as a decrease in the thickness of the fiber skin material and a decrease in soft feeling. The fiber sheet may be a synthetic fiber such as a polypropylene-based resin fiber or a polyester-based resin fiber, or a woven or non-woven fabric made of natural fibers or the like, and a basis weight of 50 to 600 g / m2. 2 , Preferably a basis weight of 100 to 500 g / m 2 Sheet.
[0036]
The present invention has been described with respect to the use of a cylindrical foamed multilayer parison having a resin layer 3 outside the polypropylene-based resin foamed layer 2 as the foamed multilayered parison. Using a foamed multi-layer parison having a layer formed thereon or a foamed multi-layer parison having another resin layer formed between a polypropylene-based resin foam layer 2 and a resin layer 3 formed outside the foam layer 2 The foam molded article of the invention can be obtained. As the above-mentioned other resin layers, functional materials capable of adding gas barrier properties, moisture proof properties, further rigidity, etc. to the foam molded article, such as the above-mentioned polypropylene resin, polyethylene resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, and polycarbonate resin, are used. preferable.
[0037]
The foam molded article 1 with a skin layer of the present invention obtained by the method as described above contains a polypropylene resin in the skin layer in an amount of 40% by weight or more, and the skin layer has a flexural modulus of at least 800 MPa, preferably 1000 MPa. Have an Izod impact value at low temperature (notched, -25 ° C) of at least 10 KJ / m 2 , Preferably 20 KJ / m 2 It is a foamed polypropylene resin product with a skin layer characterized by the fact that it has excellent impact resistance, especially low-temperature impact resistance, and does not easily crack, crack, etc. even when an impact is applied to the surface. It is a foam molded product and has excellent mechanical strength such as bending and compression due to the combined effect of the skin layer having a specific flexural modulus and the foam layer of the foam molded product, and does not bend even when a heavy object is placed. It is a foam molded product.
[0038]
In addition, the foam molded article of the present invention can obtain sufficient bending strength even if the skin layer is thinned to increase the lightness by the combined effect of the skin layer and the foam layer of the foam molded article. Compared to a hollow solid blow molded product and the foam molded product of the present invention, as shown in the graph showing the relationship between the deflection load of 3 mm and the basis weight (weight per unit area) of the molded product, it has both excellent lightness and rigidity. Is obtained. Therefore, the foamed molded article of the present invention has a weight ratio of the skin layer to the polypropylene-based resin foamed molded article of 0.35 to 0.7, and more preferably 0. 4 to 0.6 are preferable, and the density of the foam molded article is 0.5 to 0.05 g / cm. 3 The thickness of the skin layer is preferably 0.5 to 3 mm, more preferably 1 to 2 mm.
Further, the closed-cell ratio of the foam layer of the foamed molded article constituting the foamed molded article of the present invention is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, in terms of mechanical properties such as compression and bending of the molded article. Is preferable.
[0039]
When the foam molded article of the present invention is formed into a plate shape to be a panel such as a trunk lid, the weight ratio of the skin layer to the polypropylene resin foam molded article is 0.35 to 0.7, Weight per unit area is 2 to 10 kg / m 2 The thickness is 10 to 50 mm, and the skin layer has a flexural modulus of at least 1000 MPa, which is excellent in impact resistance, especially in low temperature impact resistance, and easily cracks, cracks, etc. even when an impact is applied to the surface. It is a panel that does not occur, has lightweight and excellent rigidity due to the combined effect of the skin layer having a specific flexural modulus and the foam layer of the foam molded product, has excellent mechanical strength such as bending and compression, and carries heavy objects. It is a foam molded product that does not bend even when placed.
[0040]
Further, the panel made of the foam molded article of the present invention has a relationship between the bending strength (N) at the time of bending of 3 mm, the weight per unit area of the panel, and the thickness of the panel satisfying the following expression (1). It is preferable that By satisfying the following expression (1), a panel having excellent lightness and rigidity, which cannot be obtained by a conventional hollow solid blow molded product, can be obtained. The reason why a panel satisfying the following formula (1) is obtained is due to the combined effect of the skin layer and the foam layer of the foam molded article. In other words, the strength of the hollow solid blow molded product panel depends on the structural configuration such as ribs, the type of resin, etc., but basically depends largely on the thickness of the resin constituting the blow molded product. However, after all, in order to obtain a resin having sufficient rigidity, it is necessary to increase the resin thickness, which governs the weight of the obtained panel. On the other hand, the foam molded product panel of the present invention is formed by laminating and bonding a skin layer and an inner foam molded product foam layer.In order to obtain a resin having sufficient rigidity, the resin of the hollow solid blow molded product is used. Even if the thickness of the corresponding skin layer is not increased, sufficient rigidity can be exhibited by the effect of the foamed foam layer being laminated. Thereby, even if the thickness of the skin layer is reduced and the weight of the panel is reduced, the rigidity is not greatly reduced.
(Equation 1)
Y ≧ 58X + 0.4Z 2 -6Z-120 (1)
Y: Flexural strength at 3mm deflection (N)
X: basis weight (g / m) of the foam molded article 2 )
Z: Thickness of foamed product (mm)
In addition, bending strength (N) at the time of 3 mm bending: Y is a load value required for the molded product to be bent by 3 mm. The test was carried out in accordance with JIS K7221 (1999) at a test speed of 10 mm / min, a distance between fulcrum points of 200 mm, a press indenter radius of 25 mm, a support base radius of 15 mm, and a test piece having a length of 250 mm. Width: 70 mm, Thickness: The thickness of the foam molded article.
[0041]
In this specification, the apparent density of the foam layer 12 is obtained as follows. That is, only the foam layer is cut out from the foam molded article 1 with the skin layer over the entire thickness as much as possible, and the weight (g) of the cut sample is determined by the volume (cm) obtained from the dimensions of the outer shape. 3 ). However, the measurement of the apparent density was performed on 20 or more cut samples, and the apparent average of the apparent densities obtained from each cut sample, excluding the maximum value and the minimum value, was taken as the apparent average value of the foam layer 12 of the foam molded article. Density.
[0042]
In addition, in this specification, the density of the foamed molded product is obtained by dividing the weight (g) of the foamed molded product by the volume (cm) 3 ). The volume of the foam molded article can be determined by a submersion method or the like.
[0043]
Further, in the present specification, the thickness of the foam molded article and the skin layer can be measured by enlarging a micrograph as needed from the vertical cross section of the foam molded article. However, in the measurement of the thickness, the thickness is measured at 20 locations at equal intervals in the vertical cross section, and the foamed molded product is obtained by calculating the arithmetic average value of the 18 thicknesses excluding the maximum value and the minimum value from the obtained 20 thicknesses. Alternatively, it is the thickness of the skin layer.
[0044]
In this specification, the closed cell ratio of the foam layer of the foamed molded article is measured using an air-comparison hydrometer 930 of Toshiba Beckman Co., Ltd. in accordance with Procedure C of ASTM-D2856-70 (re-certified in 1976). (Measurement is performed by placing a cut sample having no molded skin cut into a size of 25 mm x 25 mm x 20 mm from a foam layer of a foam molded product in a sample cup. However, a cut sample having a small thickness and a thickness of 20 mm in the thickness direction is measured. If the sample cannot be cut out, a plurality of cut samples may be used. For example, two cut samples each having a size of 25 mm × 25 mm × 10 mm may be simultaneously used and stored in a sample cup for measurement.) Using the true volume Vx of the foam layer (cut sample) of the foamed molded product, the closed cell ratio S (%) is calculated by the equation (2). In addition, cut samples are cut out from three different portions with respect to one foam molded article foam layer, and the above measurement is performed for each cut sample, and the average value obtained is defined as the closed cell rate.
(Equation 2)
S (%) = (Vx−W / ρ) × 100 / (Va−W / ρ) (2)
Vx: true volume (cm) of the cut sample measured by the above method 3 ), Which corresponds to the sum of the volume of the resin constituting the cut sample and the total volume of the cells in the closed cell portion in the cut sample.
Va: apparent volume (cm) of the cut sample calculated from the outer dimensions of the cut sample used for measurement 3 ).
W: Total weight (g) of cut sample used for measurement.
ρ: Density (g / cm) of resin constituting foam layer of foam molded article 3 ).
[0045]
In this specification, the flexural modulus of the skin layer is determined as follows.
That is, the preparation and the measurement of the test piece were carried out in accordance with JIS K7171 (1994). Specifically, a test piece having a length of 80 mm, a width of 10 mm, a thickness of 4.0 mm, and a test speed of 10 mm / min and a radius of 5 mm were prepared using an injection molding machine to cut and repellet the skin layer. The flexural modulus was determined by measuring with a support stand and an indenter of 0.0 mm at a distance between supporting points of 68 mm. In addition, the condition of the test piece was adjusted according to the standard before the measurement. The flexural modulus of the raw material is measured in the same manner as described above except that a test piece is prepared by injection molding using the raw material.
[0046]
In this specification, the Izod impact value (KJ / m 2 ) (Notched, −25 ° C.) is determined as follows.
That is, the Izod impact value of the notched test piece was measured according to JIS K7110 (1999). Specifically, a cut piece of a skin layer was cut out and repelleted, and a test piece having a notch size of No. 2 test piece specified in Annex A of JIS K7110 (1999) was prepared using an injection molding machine, and a weighing capacity of 0 was prepared. The measurement was performed at .12J. The condition of the test piece was adjusted to −25 ° C., and the measurement was performed in a constant temperature room at −25 ° C. for a required time according to JIS K7110 (1999) Annex 1, and measurement was performed in the same room. The Izod impact value of the raw material is determined by preparing a test piece by injection molding using the raw material, and adjusting the condition of the test piece for a required time in a constant temperature chamber at 23 ° C. and 50% RH. The measurement is performed in the same manner as described above, except that the measurement is performed indoors.
[0047]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples.
[0048]
Examples 1 to 9, Comparative Examples 1 to 6
The foamed layer of the foamed multi-layer parison forming the foamed foamed layer of the foamed multi-layered parison was prepared by lowering 5 parts by weight of sodium stearate and 10 parts by weight of talc to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin constituting the foamed layer shown in Tables 1 and 2. 3.1 parts by weight of a cell regulator masterbatch blended and adjusted with 100 parts by weight of density polyethylene was mixed with a polypropylene resin as a base resin, supplied to a double extruder having an inner diameter of 65 to 90 mm, and heated and kneaded. Thereafter, a carbon dioxide blowing agent having a blowing agent injection amount shown in Tables 1 and 2 was press-fitted into the 1 kg of the base resin from the middle of the extruder and kneaded to obtain a foamable molten resin. On the other hand, for the resin layer forming the skin layer, a coloring agent was blended with the raw materials shown in Tables 1 and 2, and the mixture was supplied to an extruder having an inner diameter of 65 mm, and was heated and kneaded to obtain a non-foamable molten resin.
[0049]
Next, the temperature of the foaming molten resin was adjusted to 162 ° C., and the temperature of the non-foaming molten resin was adjusted to 185 ° C., and charged into separate accumulators connected to the respective extruders. The gate was placed at the tip of the die while being pressed, and the molten resin was brought together in the die and then co-extruded to form a multilayer cylindrical molded product (foamed multilayer parison). In Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the discharge rate was 65 kg / (hr · cm 2 ), And in Examples 6 to 9, the discharge rate was 150 kg / (hr · cm). 2 ). In addition, each molten resin injected into the die from the accumulator merges near the gate installed near the tip of the die, forms a layer and is discharged from the die, from the resin layer (outside) / foam layer (inside). A multilayer tubular molded product (foamed multilayer parison) was formed.
[0050]
Next, a two-part mold, as shown in FIG. 3, installed immediately below the die so as to sandwich the extruded foamed multi-layer parison is closed, and the foamed multi-layer parison is compressed on the inner surface of the mold to form a flattened parison. After forming the foamed multi-layer parison in close contact with the inner surface of the mold by further depressurizing the inside of the mold, cooling and releasing, the molded article having a skin layer of 500 mm in width, 1000 mm in length, and 1 mm in thickness. A foam molded product panel having a skin layer of 15 to 30 mm was obtained. In addition, the above-mentioned molding die used was subjected to satin finish on the inner surface of the molding die. The obtained molded product had a good surface smoothness, no shrinkage deformation, no buckling, and the like, and had a good appearance. Observation of the cross section of the foam molded article with a skin layer revealed that the foam layers on the inner surface of the foamed multilayer parison were fused together without gaps. In Tables 3 and 4, the fiber sheet “Yes” was formed by disposing a nonwoven fabric sheet made of polypropylene fibers between a mold and a foamed multi-layer parison. Tables 3 and 4 show the flexural modulus and the low-temperature Izod impact value of the skin layer of the foam molded article with the skin layer obtained, and the characteristic values of the foam molded article.
[0051]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004082332
[0052]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004082332
[0053]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004082332
[0054]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004082332
[0055]
In Tables 3 and 4,
The impact resistance test was performed by holding a test piece cut out from a foam molded product to a size of 200 mm × 200 mm × thickness (foam molded product thickness) in an atmosphere of −25 ° C. for 3 hours or more, and then room temperature (23 ° C. (55% humidity), dropped a spherical weight (0.3 kg) from an arbitrary height within 2 seconds, performed a falling weight impact test according to JIS K7211, and visually evaluated the damage state of the test piece. .
:: No damage was observed on the test piece at a drop height of 1 m (breaking energy 3 J).
:: Slight damage was observed on the test piece at a drop height of 1 m (breaking energy: 3 J), but no damage was observed at a drop height of 0.5 m (breaking energy: 1.5 J).
X: Damage is seen at a drop height of 0.5 m (breaking energy 1.5 J).
[0056]
In the bending rigidity test, a test piece having a length of 250 mm × width 70 mm × thickness (thickness of the molded article) was prepared in accordance with JIS K7203 (1982). = 15 mm, pressure tip R = 25 mm, distance between fulcrums 200 mm, bending speed 10 mm / min. The bending stiffness was evaluated by measuring the load at the time of bending by 3 mm and evaluating according to the following criteria.
◎: Load at the time of bending of 3 mm is 250 N or more.
:: The load when bent by 3 mm is 150 N or more and 250 N or less.
X: The load at the time of 3 mm bending is less than 150 N.
[0057]
Examples 10 to 13 and Comparative Examples 7 to 9
Except for the raw material composition shown in Table 5, a multilayer tubular molded product (foamed multilayer parison) was discharged from a die in the same manner as in Example 1 by a discharge rate of 65 kg / (hr · cm). 2 ), Close the box-shaped split mold placed directly below the die, deform the foamed multi-layer parison into a flat shape on the inner surface of the mold, and further reduce the pressure inside the mold to form the foamed multi-layer parison. It was formed in close contact with the inner surface of the mold, cooled and released, to form a trapezoidal container having outer dimensions of 420 mm in length, 350 mm in width, 230 mm in container height, and 20 mm in container thickness. The obtained foam molded article was excellent in surface smoothness, did not show shrinkage, buckling, etc., and had a good appearance. Observation of the cross section of this foamed molded product revealed that the foamed molded product had a skin layer of 1 mm in thickness in which the foamed layers on the inner surface of the foamed multilayer parison were fused together without any gap. Table 6 shows the flexural modulus and the low-temperature Izod impact value of the skin layer of the foam molded article with the skin layer obtained, and the characteristic values of the foam molded article.
[0058]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004082332
[0059]
[Table 6]
Figure 2004082332
[0060]
In Table 6,
In the impact resistance test, after holding the container and the lid molded product in an atmosphere of -20 ° C for 3 hours or more, the container and the lid were taken out at room temperature (temperature of 23 ° C and humidity of 55%) and within 2 seconds from a height of 0.6m. It was dropped from a corner on a concrete floor, and the damage of the molded product was visually evaluated.
A: Damage such as cracks or dents was observed in the molded article after the drop test.
:: The molded article after the drop test shows dents but no damage.
B: The molded article after the drop test had slight cracks in the skin layer and dents.
C: Large cracks and dents were formed in the molded product after the drop test.
[0061]
In the rigidity test, the containers were stacked in three stages according to JISZ0212, and then a compressive load of 4700 N was applied thereto, and the presence or absence of abnormalities such as breakage and buckling of the containers was evaluated according to the following criteria.
:: No abnormality in both the container body and the lid.
×: Abnormalities such as breakage and buckling were observed in either the container body or the lid.
[0062]
The details of the raw materials in Tables 1, 2, and 5 are as follows.
[PP]
PF814: a polypropylene homopolymer manufactured by Montell Canada.
SD632: a polypropylene resin manufactured by Montell Canada.
J900GP: polypropylene homopolymer, manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.
[HDPE]
520 MB: Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., high density polyethylene, density 0.964 g / cm 3 , Flexural modulus 1500MPa, Izod impact value 39KJ / m 2 that's all.
[Polyolefin elastomer]
M142E: Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., polyolefin elastomer,
Flexural modulus 45MPa, Izod impact value 39KJ / m 2 that's all.
M452E: Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., polyolefin elastomer,
Flexural modulus 215MPa, Izod impact value 39KJ / m 2 that's all.
[Compatibilizer]
Dynaron: Styrene-based elastomer hydrogenated product manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
The polypropylene-based resin foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention is lighter than a conventional hollow solid blow molded article having the same resin amount because it has a foam layer inside the molded article, and has excellent bending strength. It has excellent impact resistance, especially low-temperature impact resistance, and is suitable as an automobile trunk lid or the like. Therefore, the foam molded article of the present invention can be reduced in weight as compared with a conventional hollow solid blow molded article having the same strength.
[0064]
In addition, since the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention can have a closed-cell foam layer inside, it has excellent heat insulating properties, is lightweight, has excellent bending strength, and has excellent low-temperature impact resistance. It can withstand repeated use, and is suitable for cold storage boxes for low-temperature transportation.
Further, a product obtained by injecting and foaming urethane into a conventional hollow solid blow molded product known as a reusable refrigerating box requires a plurality of steps to obtain a final product, and the steps are complicated. There is an advantage that a final product can be obtained in the process.
Furthermore, the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention is formed of an olefin resin and has excellent recyclability.
In addition, a fiber skin material such as a nonwoven fabric can be provided on the surface of the molded product at the same time as the molding of the foam molded product, and a good foam molded product with a fiber skin layer can be obtained without any damage to the fiber skin material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an example of a foamed multi-layer parison used for manufacturing a foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method for producing a foam molded article having a skin layer according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a method for producing a foam molded article having a skin layer according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between melt tension and time in measuring melt tension.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the basis weight and the bending strength of the foam molded article with a skin layer of the present invention and the conventional hollow solid blow molded article.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Foam molded product with skin layer
12 Foamed foam layer
13 Skin layer
2 Foam layer
3 resin layer
5 Foamed multilayer parison

Claims (7)

ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡層の外側に樹脂層を有する筒状の発泡多層パリソンを、該多層パリソンの内面同士が少なくとも一部において融着するように金型にて挟み込んで成形してなる表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品において、該表皮層はポリプロピレン系樹脂が40重量%以上含有し、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも800MPaを有し、低温時のアイゾット衝撃値(ノッチ付き、−25℃)が少なくとも10KJ/mであることを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品。A polypropylene with a skin layer formed by sandwiching and molding a cylindrical foamed multi-layer parison having a resin layer on the outside of a polypropylene-based resin foam layer with a mold so that the inner surfaces of the multi-layer parison are at least partially fused to each other. In the foamed resin-based product, the skin layer contains at least 40% by weight of a polypropylene-based resin, the skin layer has a flexural modulus of at least 800 MPa, and the Izod impact value at low temperature (notched, -25 ° C.) Is at least 10 KJ / m 2 . ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品に対する表皮層の重量比率が0.35〜0.7、該発泡成形品の単位面積あたりの重量が2〜10kg/m、厚みが10〜50mmであり、かつ表皮層の曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品からなるパネル。The weight ratio of the skin layer to the polypropylene resin foam molded article is 0.35 to 0.7, the weight per unit area of the foam molded article is 2 to 10 kg / m 2 , the thickness is 10 to 50 mm, and the skin layer The panel made of a foamed polypropylene resin product with a skin layer according to claim 1, wherein the flexural modulus of the foam is at least 1000 MPa. 表皮層の少なくとも片面に繊維表皮材が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のパネル。The panel according to claim 2, wherein a fiber skin material is provided on at least one surface of the skin layer. ポリプロピレン系樹脂に発泡剤を添加し混練して得られる発泡性溶融樹脂(A)と、ポリプロピレン系樹脂、該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも1000MPaで、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mである密度0.94〜0.97g/cmのポリエチレンを20〜100重量部、および該ポリプロピレン系樹脂と該ポリエチレンとの混合樹脂100重量部に対して相溶化剤を2〜20重量部からなる樹脂組成物(1)を混練して得られる溶融樹脂(B)とを共押出しすることにより、上記発泡性溶融樹脂(A)が発泡してなる発泡層の外側に、上記溶融樹脂(B)よりなる樹脂層を有する発泡多層パリソンを成形し、次いで該多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部において融着するように成形型にて成形することを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。A foaming molten resin (A) obtained by adding and kneading a foaming agent to a polypropylene resin and the polypropylene resin, 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene resin, have a flexural modulus of at least 1000 MPa and an Izod impact value of 20 to 100 parts by weight of polyethylene having a density of 0.94 to 0.97 g / cm 3 , which is at least 20 KJ / m 2 , and 100 parts by weight of a mixed resin of the polypropylene resin and the polyethylene, the compatibilizer is added in an amount of 2 parts by weight. By co-extruding with a molten resin (B) obtained by kneading the resin composition (1) consisting of 〜20 parts by weight, the foamable molten resin (A) is foamed outside the foamed layer formed by foaming. A foamed multi-layer parison having a resin layer made of the molten resin (B) is molded, and then fused at least at a part of inner surfaces of the multi-layer parison. Method for producing a skin layer with a foamed polypropylene resin molded article, which comprises molding at sea urchin mold. 相溶化剤がジエン成分を含む熱可塑性エラストマーおよび該熱可塑性エラストマーの水添物から選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。The polypropylene resin foam molded article with a skin layer according to claim 4, wherein the compatibilizer is at least one selected from a thermoplastic elastomer containing a diene component and a hydrogenated product of the thermoplastic elastomer. Production method. ポリプロピレン系樹脂に発泡剤を添加し混練して得られる発泡性溶融樹脂(A)と、ポリプロピレン系樹脂および該ポリプロピレン系樹脂100重量部に対して、曲げ弾性率が少なくとも40MPaで、アイゾット衝撃値が少なくとも20KJ/mであるポリオレフィン系エラストマーを10〜80重量部からなる樹脂組成物(2)を混練して得られる溶融樹脂(C)とを共押出しすることにより、上記発泡性溶融樹脂(A)が発泡してなる発泡層の外側に、上記溶融樹脂(C)よりなる樹脂層を有する発泡多層パリソンを成形し、次いで該多層パリソンの内面同士の少なくとも一部において融着するように成形型にて成形することを特徴とする表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。A foaming molten resin (A) obtained by adding and kneading a foaming agent to a polypropylene-based resin and a polypropylene-based resin and 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene-based resin have a flexural modulus of at least 40 MPa and an Izod impact value of at least 40 MPa. The foamable molten resin (A) is co-extruded with a molten resin (C) obtained by kneading a resin composition (2) composed of 10 to 80 parts by weight of a polyolefin elastomer having at least 20 KJ / m 2. ) Is formed on the outside of the foamed layer formed by foaming, a foamed multi-layer parison having a resin layer made of the above-mentioned molten resin (C), and then a molding die is formed so that at least a part of the inner surfaces of the multi-layer parison is fused. A method for producing a foamed polypropylene resin product having a skin layer, characterized by being molded by: 発泡多層パリソンと金型との間に繊維シートを配置し、型締めの際に多層パリソンと繊維シートを熱圧着するとともに、該多層パリソンを成形型にて成形し、成形品表面の少なくとも一部に繊維表皮材が設けられた発泡成形品を得ることを特徴とする請求項4〜6のいずれかに記載の表皮層付きポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡成形品の製造方法。A fiber sheet is arranged between the foamed multilayer parison and the mold, and at the time of mold clamping, the multilayer parison and the fiber sheet are thermocompression-bonded, and the multilayer parison is molded in a molding die, and at least a part of the surface of the molded product. A method for producing a foamed polypropylene resin article having a skin layer according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a foamed article having a fiber skin material provided thereon is obtained.
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US20120024459A1 (en) * 2010-07-27 2012-02-02 Kyoraku Co. Ltd. Method for manufacturing multilayer foam
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US20120024459A1 (en) * 2010-07-27 2012-02-02 Kyoraku Co. Ltd. Method for manufacturing multilayer foam
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