JP2004069969A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic device - Google Patents

Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004069969A
JP2004069969A JP2002228625A JP2002228625A JP2004069969A JP 2004069969 A JP2004069969 A JP 2004069969A JP 2002228625 A JP2002228625 A JP 2002228625A JP 2002228625 A JP2002228625 A JP 2002228625A JP 2004069969 A JP2004069969 A JP 2004069969A
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developing
contact
developing member
electrophotographic
outside
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshihisa Saito
斉藤 善久
Koji Goto
後藤 浩二
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Developing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contact developing device, a contact developing method and an electrophotographic device for obtaining a good image by carrying out uniform development without any development unevenness and without any damage or peeling of a photoreceptor layer due to abnormal discharge to the body to be developed. <P>SOLUTION: The contact developing device wherein an adhesive layer of the body to be developed is coated from an end part of the contact developing member to the outside, contact developing method and electrophotographic device are described. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は被現像体に現像用部材を接触させて現像を行なう装置および方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
これまで、電子写真感光体で用いる光導電材料として、セレン、硫化カドミウム、酸化亜鉛などの無機光導電性材料が知られている。これらの光導電性材料は、数多くの利点、例えば暗所で適当な電位に帯電できること、暗所で電荷の逸散が少ないことあるいは光照射によって速やかに電荷を逸散できるなどの利点をもっている反面各種の欠点を有している。
【0003】
例えば、セレン系感光体では、温度、湿度、ごみ、圧力などの要因で容易に結晶化が進み、特に雰囲気温度が40℃を越えると結晶化が著しくなり、帯電性の低下や画像に白い斑点が発生するといった欠点がある。
【0004】
硫化カドミウム系感光体は、多湿の環境下で安定した感度が得られない点や酸化亜鉛系感光体ではローズベンガルに代表される増感色素による増感効果を必要としているが、このような増感色素が帯電による帯電劣化や露光光による光禎色を生じるため長期にわたって安定した画像を与えることができない欠点を有している。
【0005】
一方、特定の有機化合物が光導電性を示すことが発見されてきた。たとえば、ポリーN−ビニルカルバゾール、ポリビニルアントラセンなどの有機光導電性ポリマー、カルバゾール、アントラセン、ピラゾリン類、オキサジアゾール類、ヒドラゾン類、ポリアリールアルカン類などの低分子の有機光導電体のほかフタロシアニン顔料、アゾ顔料、シアニン染料、多環キノン顔料、ペリレン系顔料、インジゴ染料、チオインジゴ染料あるいはスクエアリック酸メチル染料などの有機顔料や染料が知られている。特に光導電性を有する有機顔料や染料などの有機光導電体は無機材料に比べて合成が容易で、しかも適当な波長域に光尊電性を示す化合物を選択できるバリエーションが拡大されたことなどから、数多く提案されている。例えば、米国特許第4123270号明細書、米国特許第4251613号明細書、米国特許第4251614号明細書、米国特許第4256821号明細書、米国特許第4260672号明細書、米国特許第4268596号明細書、米国特許第4278747号明細書、米国特許第4293628号明細書などに開示されているように、電荷発生層と電荷輸送層に機能分離した感光層における電荷発生物質として光導電性を示すジスアゾ顔料を用いた電子写真感光体などが知られている。
【0006】
しかしながら、有機光導電体は無機材料に比べて表面層の強度が小さいといった問題をもつ。
【0007】
このような電子写真感光体を用いた電子写真プロセスにおける現像方式としては、感光体の表面層へのアタックにより、被現像体への異常放電による損傷や局部削れ、剥がれを防止する目的からも非接触現像が多く使われてきた。近年においては現像以外のプロセスにおいて小型化や低コスト化のためにクリーナーレスや転写残トナーの回収リユース、DC帯電といった方式が多く検討され、製品化されている。そしてこのプロセスをより有効に活用するためにDC接触現像が検討され製品化されており、ACを必要としないDC印加により小型化や電源の低コスト化やトナー回収効率良化などメリットが多々あるが、現像用部材を感光体に所定の圧力で当接するために感光体の表面層へのアタックが強くなり、被現像体への異常放電による損傷や局部削れ、剥がれといった問題が起こっている。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
接触現像方式において被現像体へのアタックが強く、異常放電による損傷や感光層の剥がれといった問題を解決する。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、被現像体に接触配置された現像用部材に外部より電圧を印加して現像を行なう接触現像装置において、接触現像用部材の端部より外側まで、被現像体の接着層が塗布されており、且つ接触現像用部材の被現像体への当接圧が500g以下であること特徴とする接触現像装置である。
【0010】
以下、本発明について説明する。
【0011】
現像用部材の形状はローラーやブラシなどいずれの形状をとってもよい。材料は樹胎やゴムや金属といったものが使える。性状はスポンジでもソリッドでもよく、層構成は単層でも多層でもよい。また当接圧の制御のために突き当てコロ等を装備しても良い。図2に現像用部材の構成の例を示す。
【0012】
現像用部材の被現像体への当接圧は小さいとニップ幅が狭くなり現像性能を落とすので、ニップ幅を大きく取るために当接圧を大きくすることが望ましいが、大きすぎると被現像体の損傷に繋がるので適当な圧力が望ましい。プロセススピードや現像材の特性により変化するが数十〜数百g程度が一般的である。
【0013】
この現像用部材に当接する本発明の被現像体は導電性基体の上に少なくとも接着層と感光層を有する。
【0014】
感光層は単層でも多層でもよい。また、導電性基体と接着層の間に下地層があってもよい。そして、図3に示すように接着層の塗布幅は現像用部材の端部より外側まで設定されている。この時感光層の幅は、現像用部材の幅より広いことが必要であるが、接着層の幅より広くても狭くてもよい。ただし、より好ましくは接着層より狭いほうが良い。
【0015】
被現像体について詳しく述べる。
【0016】
電荷輸送層に用いる結着剤の例としては、フエノキシ樹胎、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリアリレート、ポリスルホン、ポリアミド、アクリル樹胎、アクリロニトリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹胎、フェノール樹胎、エポキシ樹胎、ポリエステル、アルキド樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリウレタンあるいはこれらの樹脂の繰返し単位のうち2つ以上を含む共重合体、たとえばスチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー、スチレン−アクリロニトリルコポリマー、スチレン−マレイン酸コポリマーなどを挙げることができる。また、ポリ−N−ビニルカルバゾール、ポリビニルアントラセン、ポリビニルピレンなどの有機光導電性ポリマーからも選択できる。
【0017】
電荷輸送層の膜厚は5〜50μm、好ましくは8〜20μmであり、電荷輸送物質と結着剤との重合比は5:1〜1:5、好ましくは3:1〜1:3程度である。塗布幅は現像用部材端部より1mm以上外側に設定するのが良い。好ましくは5mm以上外側に設定するのが良い。
【0018】
さらに、色素、顔料、有機電荷輸送物質などは、一般に紫外線、オゾン、オイルなどによる汚れ、金属などに弱いため必要に応じて保護層を設けてもよい。この保護層上に静電潜像を形成するためには表面抵抗率が1011Ω以上であることが望ましい。
【0019】
本発明で用いることができる保護層はポリビニルブチラール、ポリエステル、ポリカーボネート、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、ナイロン、ポリイミド、ポリアリレート、ポリウレタン、スチレン−ブタジエンコポリマー、スチレン−アクリル酸コポリマー、スチレン−アクリロニトリルコポリマーなどの樹脂を適当な有機溶剤によって溶解した液を感光層の上に塗布、乾燥して形成できる。この際、保護層の膜厚は、一般に0.05〜20μmの範囲である。塗布幅は現像用部材端部より1mm以上外側に設定するのが良い。好ましくは5mm以上外側に設定するのが良い。この保護層中に紫外線吸収剤などを含ませてもよい。
【0020】
電荷発生層はフタロシアニン顔料やアゾ顔料といった光導電性を示す有機顔料をフェノキシ樹脂、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリアリレート、ポリスルホン、ポリアミド、アクリル樹胎、アクリロニトリル樹胎、メタクリル樹胎、塩化ビニル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹胎、フェノール樹胎、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル、アルキド樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリウレタンといった樹脂中に分散した液を塗布、乾燥して形成できる。膜厚は0.01μm〜2μmが適当である。塗布幅は現像用部材端部より外側まで設定するのが良い。
【0021】
接着層は主にポリアリレートやナイロン系の樹脂が接着性が高いがポリビニルブチラール、ポリエステル、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹胎、ポリイミド、ポリウレタン等の樹脂も使える。またこれらの樹脂は電気絶縁性に優れているので注入防止層として働かせることもできる。この時は1010〜13Ω程度の抵抗を持たせると良い。膜厚は0.1〜15μmの範囲である。塗布幅は現像用部材端部より1mm以上外側に設定するのが良い。好ましくは5mm以上外側に設定するのが良い。
【0022】
また、本発明方法においては、画像露光、帯電およびクリーニング等のプロセスは静電写真の分野に公知の任意の方法を採用することができ現像剤の種類など特定のものに限定されるものではない。本発明の電子写真方法は複写機だけでなく、レーザープリンターやCRTプリンター、電子写真式製版システムなどの電子写真応用分野にも用いることができる。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
(実施形態1)
30φ254mmのAlシリンダーを支持体とし、それに、以下の材料より構成される塗料を支持体上に浸せき法で塗布し140℃、30分熱硬化して15μmの導電層を形成した。
【0024】
導電性顔料:SnOコート処理硫酸バリウム 10部
抵抗調節用顔料:酸化チタン 2部
バインダー樹脂:フェノール樹脂 6部
レベリング材:シリコーンオイル 0.001部
溶剤:メタノール、メトキシプロパノール0.2/0.8 20部
次にこの上にNメトキシメチル化ナイロン3部および共重合ナイロン3部をメタノール65部、nブタノール30部の混合溶媒に溶解した溶液を浸せき法で塗布し1.0μmの接着層を形成した。塗布幅は現像用部材端部より外側5mmまでとした。
【0025】
次にCuKαのX繰回折スペクトルにおける回折角2θ±0.2°が9.0°、14.2°、23.9°、27.1°に強いピークを有するオキシチタニウムフタロシアニン4部とポリビニルブチラール(商品名:エスレックBM2、積水化学製)2部およびシクロヘキサノン60部をφ1mmガラスビーズを用いたサンドミル装置で4時間分散したあとエチルアセテート100部を加えて電荷発生層用分散液を調製した。これを浸せき法で塗布し0.3μmの電荷発生層を形成した。
【0026】
次に下記構造式のアミン化合物9部
【外1】

Figure 2004069969
【0027】
下記構造式のアミン化合物1部
【外2】
Figure 2004069969
【0028】
下記構造式の樹脂
【外3】
Figure 2004069969
【0029】
10部をモノクロロベンゼン30部ジクロロメタン70部の混合溶媒に溶解した。
【0030】
この塗料を浸せき法で塗布し150℃2時間乾燥し15μmの電荷輸送層を形成した。塗布幅は現像用部材の端部より外側5mmまでとした。この感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を500gとした。
【0031】
(実施形態2)
接着層の塗布幅を現像用部材の端部より外側2mmにした以外は実施形態1と同じ感光体を作成し、この感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を500gとした。
【0032】
(実施形態3)
接着層の塗布幅を現像用部材の端部より外側1mmにした以外は実施形態1と同じ感光体を作成し、この感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を500gとした。
【0033】
(実施形態4)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を600gとした以外は、実施形態1と同じとした。
【0034】
(実施形態5)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を600gとした以外は、実施形態2と同じとした。
【0035】
(実施形態6)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を800gとした以外は、実施形態1と同じとした。
【0036】
(実施形態7)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を300gとした以外は、実施形態1と同じとした。
【0037】
(実施形態8)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を300gとした以外は、実施桝2と同じとした。
【0038】
(実施形態9)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を300gとした以外は、実施形態3と同じとした。
【0039】
(比較例1)
接着層の塗布幅を現像用部材の端部より外側0mmにした以外は実施形態1と同じとした。
【0040】
(比較例2)
接着層の塗布幅を現像用部材の端部より内側1mmにした以外は実施形態1と同じとした。
【0041】
(比較例3)
接着層の塗布幅を現像用部材の端部より内側2mmにした以外は実施形態1と同じとした。
【0042】
(比較例4)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を600gとした以外は、実施形態3と同じとした。
【0043】
(比較例5)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を600gとした以外は、比較例1と同じとした。
【0044】
(比較例6)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を800gとした以外は、実施形態2と同じとした。
【0045】
(比較例7)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を800gとした以外は、実施形態3と同じとした。
【0046】
(比較例8)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を800gとした以外は、比較例1と同じとした。
【0047】
(比較例9)
感光体に当接する現像用部材の当接圧を300gとした以外は、比較例1と同じとした。
【0048】
以上作成したサンプルの塗布幅と当接圧の比較を表1にまとめた。
【0049】
【表1】
Figure 2004069969
【0050】
これらのサンプルを用い、Canon製レーザービームプリンターのLBP−430を用い現像器を接触現像方式に改造したマシンで耐久し異常が現れた時点の耐久枚数を示す。耐久結果を表1に示す。但し、○は10k枚耐久し異常が現れなかった場合である。
【0051】
【表2】
Figure 2004069969
【0052】
【表3】
Figure 2004069969
【0053】
表2、表3より、現像用部材と接着層の幅が同じ比較例1では当接圧が500g以下では感光層の剥がれは起きないが耐久が進むと異常放電により黒帯画像がでてしまい、NGとなった。現像用部材の幅より接着層の幅が狭い比較例2、3、5、8では、耐久途中で異常放電をおこし、異常放電した個所を絶縁処理して耐久を続けると感光層の剥がれが発生した。実施形態1、2、3、7、8、9のように現像用部材の幅より接着層の幅が広く当接圧が500g以下の時、感光層の幅によらず異常放電は発生せず、感光層の剥がれもなかった。実施形態4、5、6のように当接圧が500gより大きいと異常放電や感光層剥がれが発生した。
【0054】
これらの結果より本発明で、現像ムラのない均一な現像を行なうことができ、被現像体への異常放電による損傷や感光層の剥がれがなく、良好な画像を得ることのできる接触現像装置、接触現像方法および電子写真装置を提供するにいたった。
【0055】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したとおり、接触現像用部材の端部より外側まで、被現像体の接着層が塗布され且つ接触現像部材の被現像体への当接はが500g以下である接触現像装置、接触現像方法および電子写真装置を用いることにより、現像ムラのない均一な現像を行なうことができ、被現像体への異常放電による損傷や感光層の剥がれがなく、良好な画像を得ることのできる接触現像装置、接触現像方法および電子写真装置を提供することができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に用いられる電子写真装置の構成の例を示す図である。
【図2】本発明に用いられる現像用部材の構成の例を示す図である。
【図3】本発明の感光体ドラムの各層の幅と現像用部材の位置関係の模式図の例を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 導電性基体
2 接着層
3 感光層
4 現像用部材
5 被転写部材[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for performing development by bringing a developing member into contact with an object to be developed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Heretofore, inorganic photoconductive materials such as selenium, cadmium sulfide, and zinc oxide have been known as photoconductive materials used in electrophotographic photoreceptors. These photoconductive materials have a number of advantages, such as being able to be charged to an appropriate potential in a dark place, having little charge dissipation in a dark place, and being able to quickly dissipate charges by light irradiation. It has various disadvantages.
[0003]
For example, in a selenium-based photoreceptor, crystallization easily progresses due to factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, and pressure. Particularly, when the ambient temperature exceeds 40 ° C., crystallization becomes remarkable, and the chargeability decreases and white spots appear on images. There is a drawback that が occurs.
[0004]
Cadmium sulfide photoconductors do not provide stable sensitivity in humid environments, and zinc oxide photoconductors require the sensitizing effect of sensitizing dyes such as rose bengal. The photosensitive dye has a drawback that a stable image cannot be provided for a long period of time because charge deterioration due to charging and light color due to exposure light occur.
[0005]
On the other hand, it has been discovered that certain organic compounds exhibit photoconductivity. For example, organic photoconductive polymers such as poly-N-vinylcarbazole and polyvinylanthracene; low-molecular organic photoconductors such as carbazole, anthracene, pyrazolines, oxadiazoles, hydrazones, and polyarylalkanes; and phthalocyanine pigments Organic pigments and dyes such as azo pigments, cyanine dyes, polycyclic quinone pigments, perylene pigments, indigo dyes, thioindigo dyes and methyl squaric acid dyes are known. In particular, organic photoconductors such as organic pigments and dyes that have photoconductivity are easier to synthesize than inorganic materials, and the variety of compounds that can show photovoltaic properties in an appropriate wavelength range has been expanded. Many have been proposed. For example, US Pat. No. 4,123,270, US Pat. No. 4,251,613, US Pat. No. 4,251,614, US Pat. No. 4,256,821, US Pat. No. 4,260,672, US Pat. No. 4,268,596, As disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,278,747 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,293,628, a disazo pigment exhibiting photoconductivity as a charge generating substance in a photosensitive layer functionally separated into a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer is used. The used electrophotographic photosensitive member is known.
[0006]
However, the organic photoconductor has a problem that the strength of the surface layer is smaller than that of the inorganic material.
[0007]
As a developing method in an electrophotographic process using such an electrophotographic photoreceptor, an attack on a surface layer of the photoreceptor causes damage to an object to be developed due to abnormal discharge, local abrasion, and peeling to prevent the object from being removed. Contact development has been widely used. In recent years, in order to reduce the size and cost in processes other than development, many methods such as cleanerless, recovery and reuse of transfer residual toner, and DC charging have been studied and commercialized. In order to utilize this process more effectively, DC contact development has been studied and commercialized, and there are many advantages such as miniaturization, lower power supply cost, and improved toner collection efficiency by applying DC that does not require AC. However, since the developing member is brought into contact with the photoreceptor at a predetermined pressure, the attack on the surface layer of the photoreceptor becomes strong, causing problems such as damage to the developing target due to abnormal discharge, local abrasion, and peeling.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the contact developing system, the problem of strong attack on the developing object and solving problems such as damage due to abnormal discharge and peeling of the photosensitive layer are solved.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is directed to a contact developing device that applies a voltage from the outside to a developing member that is arranged in contact with the member to be developed, and in which the adhesive layer of the member to be developed is applied to the outside of the end of the member for contact developing. And a contact pressure of the contact developing member to the developing object is 500 g or less.
[0010]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described.
[0011]
The shape of the developing member may be any shape such as a roller and a brush. Materials such as tree, rubber and metal can be used. The properties may be sponge or solid, and the layer structure may be a single layer or a multilayer. A butting roller or the like may be provided for controlling the contact pressure. FIG. 2 shows an example of the configuration of the developing member.
[0012]
If the contact pressure of the developing member against the developing member is small, the nip width is narrowed and the developing performance is lowered.Therefore, it is desirable to increase the contact pressure in order to increase the nip width. Appropriate pressure is desirable because it leads to damage to the body. Although it varies depending on the process speed and the characteristics of the developing material, it is generally about several tens to several hundreds g.
[0013]
The object to be developed according to the present invention, which is in contact with the developing member, has at least an adhesive layer and a photosensitive layer on a conductive substrate.
[0014]
The photosensitive layer may be a single layer or a multilayer. Further, an underlayer may be provided between the conductive substrate and the adhesive layer. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the application width of the adhesive layer is set outside the end of the developing member. At this time, the width of the photosensitive layer needs to be wider than the width of the developing member, but may be larger or smaller than the width of the adhesive layer. However, it is more preferably narrower than the adhesive layer.
[0015]
The developing object will be described in detail.
[0016]
Examples of the binder used for the charge transport layer include phenoxy resin, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyamide, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile resin, methacrylic resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl acetate resin, and phenol. Trees, epoxy resins, polyesters, alkyd resins, polycarbonates, polyurethanes or copolymers containing two or more of the repeating units of these resins, such as styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-maleic acid copolymers Can be mentioned. In addition, organic photoconductive polymers such as poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyvinylanthracene, and polyvinylpyrene can be selected.
[0017]
The thickness of the charge transport layer is 5 to 50 μm, preferably 8 to 20 μm, and the polymerization ratio between the charge transport material and the binder is about 5: 1 to 1: 5, preferably about 3: 1 to 1: 3. is there. The coating width is preferably set to be 1 mm or more outside the end of the developing member. Preferably, it is better to set it outside by 5 mm or more.
[0018]
Furthermore, since dyes, pigments, organic charge transporting substances, and the like are generally vulnerable to stains by ultraviolet rays, ozone, oil, and the like, metals, and the like, a protective layer may be provided as necessary. In order to form an electrostatic latent image on the protective layer, the surface resistivity is desirably 10 11 Ω or more.
[0019]
The protective layer that can be used in the present invention includes resins such as polyvinyl butyral, polyester, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, nylon, polyimide, polyarylate, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. Can be formed by applying a liquid obtained by dissolving the above compound in an appropriate organic solvent on the photosensitive layer and drying. At this time, the thickness of the protective layer is generally in the range of 0.05 to 20 μm. The coating width is preferably set to be 1 mm or more outside the end of the developing member. Preferably, it is better to set it outside by 5 mm or more. An ultraviolet absorber or the like may be included in this protective layer.
[0020]
The charge generation layer is a phenoxy resin, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyamide, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile resin, acrylonitrile resin, methacryl resin, vinyl chloride resin, and a photoconductive organic pigment such as a phthalocyanine pigment or an azo pigment. It can be formed by applying and drying a liquid dispersed in a resin such as vinyl acetate resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyester, alkyd resin, polycarbonate and polyurethane. The film thickness is suitably from 0.01 μm to 2 μm. The coating width is preferably set to be outside the end of the developing member.
[0021]
The adhesive layer is mainly made of a polyarylate or nylon resin having high adhesiveness, but resins such as polyvinyl butyral, polyester, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyimide and polyurethane can also be used. In addition, since these resins have excellent electrical insulation properties, they can function as an injection preventing layer. At this time, a resistance of about 10 10 to 13 Ω is preferably provided. The thickness is in the range of 0.1 to 15 μm. The coating width is preferably set to be 1 mm or more outside the end of the developing member. Preferably, it is better to set it outside by 5 mm or more.
[0022]
Further, in the method of the present invention, processes such as image exposure, charging, and cleaning can employ any method known in the field of electrostatography, and are not limited to a specific type such as a type of developer. . The electrophotographic method of the present invention can be used not only for copying machines but also for electrophotographic applications such as laser printers, CRT printers, and electrophotographic plate making systems.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
(Embodiment 1)
An Al cylinder having a diameter of 30 mm and a width of 254 mm was used as a support, and a paint composed of the following material was applied to the support by a dipping method and heat-cured at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a 15 μm conductive layer.
[0024]
Conductive pigment: SnO 2 coated barium sulfate 10 parts Resistance adjusting pigment: Titanium oxide 2 parts Binder resin: Phenol resin 6 parts Leveling material: Silicone oil 0.001 parts Solvent: methanol, methoxypropanol 0.2 / 0.8 20 parts Next, a solution obtained by dissolving 3 parts of N-methoxymethylated nylon and 3 parts of copolymerized nylon in a mixed solvent of 65 parts of methanol and 30 parts of n-butanol was applied by dipping to form an adhesive layer of 1.0 μm. did. The coating width was set to 5 mm outside the end of the developing member.
[0025]
Then, 4 parts of oxytitanium phthalocyanine having a strong peak at 9.0 °, 14.2 °, 23.9 ° and 27.1 ° in the diffraction angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of CuKα and polyvinyl butyral (Trade name: ESLEC BM2, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical) 2 parts and cyclohexanone 60 parts were dispersed in a sand mill using φ1 mm glass beads for 4 hours, and then 100 parts of ethyl acetate was added to prepare a dispersion for a charge generation layer. This was applied by dipping to form a 0.3 μm charge generation layer.
[0026]
Next, 9 parts of an amine compound having the following structural formula
Figure 2004069969
[0027]
1 part of amine compound of the following structural formula
Figure 2004069969
[0028]
Resin of the following structural formula
Figure 2004069969
[0029]
10 parts were dissolved in a mixed solvent of 30 parts of monochlorobenzene and 70 parts of dichloromethane.
[0030]
This paint was applied by dipping and dried at 150 ° C. for 2 hours to form a 15 μm charge transport layer. The coating width was set to 5 mm outside the end of the developing member. The contact pressure of the developing member contacting the photosensitive member was set to 500 g.
[0031]
(Embodiment 2)
A photoconductor was prepared in the same manner as in the first embodiment except that the application width of the adhesive layer was set to 2 mm outside the end of the developing member, and the contact pressure of the developing member in contact with the photoconductor was set to 500 g.
[0032]
(Embodiment 3)
A photoconductor was prepared in the same manner as in the first embodiment except that the coating width of the adhesive layer was 1 mm outside the end of the developing member, and the contact pressure of the developing member in contact with the photoconductor was 500 g.
[0033]
(Embodiment 4)
Embodiment 1 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is 600 g.
[0034]
(Embodiment 5)
Embodiment 2 is the same as Embodiment 2 except that the contact pressure of the developing member contacting the photoconductor is set to 600 g.
[0035]
(Embodiment 6)
Embodiment 1 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is 800 g.
[0036]
(Embodiment 7)
Embodiment 1 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is set to 300 g.
[0037]
(Embodiment 8)
Example 2 was the same as Example 2 except that the contact pressure of the developing member contacting the photoconductor was set to 300 g.
[0038]
(Embodiment 9)
Embodiment 3 is the same as Embodiment 3 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is set to 300 g.
[0039]
(Comparative Example 1)
Embodiment 1 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that the coating width of the adhesive layer is set to 0 mm outside the end of the developing member.
[0040]
(Comparative Example 2)
Embodiment 1 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that the coating width of the adhesive layer is 1 mm inside the end of the developing member.
[0041]
(Comparative Example 3)
Embodiment 1 is the same as Embodiment 1 except that the coating width of the adhesive layer is 2 mm inside the end of the developing member.
[0042]
(Comparative Example 4)
Embodiment 3 is the same as Embodiment 3 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is 600 g.
[0043]
(Comparative Example 5)
Comparative Example 1 was the same as Comparative Example 1 except that the contact pressure of the developing member contacting the photoconductor was 600 g.
[0044]
(Comparative Example 6)
Embodiment 2 is the same as Embodiment 2 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is 800 g.
[0045]
(Comparative Example 7)
Embodiment 3 is the same as Embodiment 3 except that the contact pressure of the developing member that contacts the photoconductor is 800 g.
[0046]
(Comparative Example 8)
Comparative Example 1 was the same as Comparative Example 1 except that the contact pressure of the developing member contacting the photoconductor was 800 g.
[0047]
(Comparative Example 9)
Comparative Example 1 was the same as Comparative Example 1 except that the contact pressure of the developing member contacting the photoconductor was set to 300 g.
[0048]
Table 1 summarizes the comparison between the application width and the contact pressure of the samples prepared as described above.
[0049]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004069969
[0050]
Using these samples, the endurance number at the time when an abnormality appeared when the machine was modified to a contact development system using a laser beam printer LBP-430 manufactured by Canon and the abnormalities appeared is shown. Table 1 shows the durability results. However, ○ means that 10k sheets were durable and no abnormality appeared.
[0051]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004069969
[0052]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004069969
[0053]
According to Tables 2 and 3, in Comparative Example 1 in which the widths of the developing member and the adhesive layer were the same, the photosensitive layer did not peel at a contact pressure of 500 g or less, but a black belt image appeared due to abnormal discharge when durability was advanced. NG. In Comparative Examples 2, 3, 5, and 8, in which the width of the adhesive layer was smaller than the width of the developing member, abnormal discharge was caused during the endurance. did. When the width of the adhesive layer is wider than the width of the developing member and the contact pressure is 500 g or less as in Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9, no abnormal discharge occurs regardless of the width of the photosensitive layer. No peeling of the photosensitive layer was observed. When the contact pressure was larger than 500 g as in Embodiments 4, 5, and 6, abnormal discharge and peeling of the photosensitive layer occurred.
[0054]
From these results, in the present invention, it is possible to perform uniform development without development unevenness, without causing damage or peeling of the photosensitive layer due to abnormal discharge to the developing object, a contact developing device capable of obtaining a good image, We have provided a contact development method and an electrophotographic apparatus.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the contact developing device and the contact developing method, in which the adhesive layer of the developing member is applied from the end of the contact developing member to the outside and the contact of the contact developing member with the developing member is 500 g or less. And a contact developing device capable of performing uniform development without development unevenness, using an electrophotographic apparatus, and preventing damage due to abnormal discharge to a developing object and peeling of a photosensitive layer and obtaining a good image. , A contact developing method and an electrophotographic apparatus.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a developing member used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic view of a positional relationship between a width of each layer of the photosensitive drum of the present invention and a developing member.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 conductive substrate 2 adhesive layer 3 photosensitive layer 4 developing member 5 member to be transferred

Claims (9)

被現像体に接触配置された現像用部材に外部より電圧を印加して現像を行なう接触現像装置において、接触現像用部材の端部より外側まで、被現像体の接着層が塗布されており、且つ接触現像用部材の被現像体への当接圧が500g以下であることを特徴とする接触現像装置。In a contact developing device that applies a voltage from the outside to a developing member arranged in contact with the developing object to perform development, an adhesive layer of the developing object is applied to an outer side of an end of the contact developing member, A contact developing device wherein a contact pressure of the contact developing member against a developing object is 500 g or less. 被現像体が、導電性支持体上に有機光導電体を含有する感光層を有する電子写真感光体である請求項1記載の接触帯電装置。2. The contact charging device according to claim 1, wherein the object to be developed is an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductor on a conductive support. 外部より印加する電圧が±200V〜±2000Vの直流電圧である請求項1記載の接触帯電装置。The contact charging device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage applied from the outside is a DC voltage of ± 200V to ± 2000V. 接触現像ローラーの端部より外側まで、被現像体の接着層が塗布されており、且つ接触現像用部材の被現像体への当接圧が500g以下であることを特徴とする感光体に現像を行なうことを特徴とする接触現像方法。The developing device is characterized in that the adhesive layer of the developing object is applied to the outside of the end of the contact developing roller, and the contact pressure of the contact developing member to the developing object is 500 g or less. And a contact developing method. 被現像体が、導電性支持体上に有機光導電体を含有する感光層を有する電子写真感光体である請求項4記載の接触現像方法。The contact developing method according to claim 4, wherein the object to be developed is an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductor on a conductive support. 外部より印加する電圧が±200V〜±2000Vの直流電圧である請求項4記載の接触帯電方法。The contact charging method according to claim 4, wherein the voltage applied from the outside is a DC voltage of ± 200V to ± 2000V. 接触現像ローラーの端部より外側まで、被現像体の接着層が塗布されており、且つ接触現像用部材の被現像体への当接圧が500g以下であることを特徴とする電子写真装置。An electrophotographic apparatus, wherein an adhesive layer of a developing object is applied to an outer side of an end of a contact developing roller, and a contact pressure of the contact developing member to the developing object is 500 g or less. 電子写真感光体が、導電性支持体上に有機光導電体を含有する感光層を有する請求項7記載の電子写真装置。The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductor on a conductive support. 外部より印加する電圧が±200V〜±2000Vの直流電圧である請求項7記載の電子写真装置。The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the voltage applied from the outside is a DC voltage of ± 200V to ± 2000V.
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