JP2004052132A - Method for producing reinforcing fiber woven fabric - Google Patents

Method for producing reinforcing fiber woven fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004052132A
JP2004052132A JP2002208100A JP2002208100A JP2004052132A JP 2004052132 A JP2004052132 A JP 2004052132A JP 2002208100 A JP2002208100 A JP 2002208100A JP 2002208100 A JP2002208100 A JP 2002208100A JP 2004052132 A JP2004052132 A JP 2004052132A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
warp
woven fabric
tension
reinforcing fiber
producing
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JP2002208100A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Juichi Takeda
武田 重一
Tamiko Yasuda
安田 多美子
Toshiyuki Ito
伊藤 稔之
Sadao Samejima
鮫島 禎雄
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Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002208100A priority Critical patent/JP2004052132A/en
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  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reinforcing fiber woven fabric which exhibits excellent characteristics for reinforced plastic composite materials (FRP) using reinforcing multifilament yarns. <P>SOLUTION: This method for producing the reinforcing fiber woven fabric comprising the reinforcing multifilament yarns is characterized by arranging warps under a specific tension, applying a lower tension than the specific tension to the warps, simultaneously heating, opening and widening the warps, and then weaving the warps with wefts. Especially, the heating method is preferably carried out by imparting hot air to the warps or heating the warps with a roll heater. The opening and widening method is preferably carried out with a vibrating-opening bar. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸を用いた強化プラスチック複合材料(FRP)として優れた特性を発揮する強化繊維織物の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸を用いて通常織物や薄目付織物を得る手法として、数多くの提案がなされており、通常は、シャトル織機やレピア織機により製織されている。特に薄目付け織物の場合、例えば特許第3089984号及び特許第3094835号各公報によれば、経糸を案内する手段の揺動により開繊拡幅する工程が装備されている。又、経糸の製織張力においては具体的な値は示されていないが、経糸の扁平形状を潰さないように、経糸張力をできるだけ低く設定することが開示されている。又、特許第2964840号公報によれば、経糸の1本当たりの張力が0.009〜0.03cN/dtexかかった状態で開口して緯糸を挿入することが提案されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、フィラメント数の少ない、特にフィラメント数6000以下の炭素繊維などの強化繊維を経糸に用いて揺動により開繊拡幅を施しても均一な拡幅効果が十分に得られなことがある。特に、織物の両端ほど、経糸と緯糸の屈曲による織縮みやヘルド、筬の擦過により細くなり糸幅が不均一になる。又、低張力で製織するためにはバックテンションをあまり与えることはできなくなり、当然経糸の張力も不揃いになる。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の目的は、フィラメント数の少ない強化繊維でも経糸の糸幅が十分且つ広く拡幅され、更に経糸と緯糸の屈曲による織縮みがないフラットな強化繊維織物の製造方法を提供することにある。
【0005】
本発明は、上記課題に対し、振動と経糸の加熱とを併用して開繊拡幅した経糸の糸幅を保持しながら織物を形成せしめるものであり、そのための手段の主要な構成は、強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸からなる強化繊維織物の製造方法において、まず経糸に特定の張力下において整経し、次に経糸に前記特定の張力より低い張力をかけつつ開繊拡幅したのち引き続き製織することを特徴としている。経糸の開繊拡幅方法としては、振動開繊バーを用いた振動開繊による開繊拡幅方法が好ましく、経糸を加熱する方法としては経糸に熱風を付与することや前記振動開繊バーを用いる場合には振動開繊バーを加熱することを特徴としている。
【0006】
更に、予め、経糸を0.004cN/dtex以上、好ましくは0.009cN/dtex以下の経糸張力下で整経した後、0.0007〜0.002cN/dtexの範囲内の低張力下で開繊拡幅し製織するのが好ましい。又、経糸方向と直交する方向に延在する振動開繊バーに接触させ、振動数10〜50Hz、振幅2〜10mmで振動させる、振動開繊バー接触前の経糸の幅に対して1.5倍以上に開繊拡幅させる、経糸のサイズ剤の粘度が10ポイズ以下になるように経糸を加熱する及びかかる経糸をもって、経糸密度が8本/2.54cm以下の織物を製織することも本発明の特徴である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を用いて本発明を説明する。但し、本発明はこの図に限定されるものではない。
図1は本発明における強化繊維織物の製織方法の概略図を示したものであり、解舒撚りが入らない様にボビンから横取りされた強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸1はバックテンションロール2に導かれる。通常、該経糸の重量変化による引出し張力が変化しない様に単錘ごとに張力を調整し、特に中央部と端部では、その引出し角度が異なることから、どうしても糸列の幅方向では張力斑が生じやすくなる。そこで、本発明ではバックテンションロール2を介在させて、経糸群を織り幅とほぼ同幅に揃えることにより、織幅方向の糸張力がきわめて均一化された糸配列となる。前記バックテンションロール2から引き出された経糸1は、2本並列された振動開繊バー3により経糸を開繊拡幅しながら幅方向の均一化を行う。尚、振動開繊バーは2本並列に限定されるものではなく、1本或いは3本以上用いても差し支えない。一方、振動開繊バー3に代えて表面に梨地を有する擦過ロールを用いることや経糸にエアを高圧で吹き付けることも拡幅条件が比較的緩やかな場合には用いることも可能であるが、経糸のフィラメント数が少ない場合や付着するサイズ剤の粘度が高い場合など拡幅しにくいマルチフィラメントを用いる場合や、大幅な拡幅を求める場合には、振動開繊バーを用いることが最も好ましい。
【0008】
しかし、特にフィラメント数が少ない場合において、振動開繊バーを用いても開繊拡幅に限界があり、十分に拡幅できないこともある。必要とする拡幅の幅に比較して得られた織物の拡幅の幅が小さすぎる場合は、製織後に拡幅条件を厳しくしてさらに拡幅する必要があるが、この場合、必要とする幅には拡幅できるものの、毛羽が発生するなどの欠点が生じ外観不良となる恐れがあり、強度物性の低下の恐れもある。こうした問題を克服するため、本発明では開繊拡幅と同時に経糸への加熱を併用する事で目的の拡幅の幅を得ることを可能としている。なぜなら、強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸には、通常、糸束の集束を目的としてサイズ剤が付着されているが、開繊拡幅はそのサイズ剤特性によって大きく左右されるからである。同じ経糸のフィラメント数であってもサイズ剤の種類や付着量によっても影響され、サイズ剤は柔らかい程、付着量は少ない程、開繊拡幅は優位に働く。よって、経糸を加熱することによってサイズ剤の粘度を低下させることで開繊拡幅を容易にすることができるのである。
【0009】
経糸を加熱する方法としては、振動開繊バー3周辺の織物の経糸全幅にわたり、熱風発生装置4から熱風を噴射させる方法や振動開繊バー3の内部に仕込んだロールヒーターで加熱させる方法等が好ましいが、これら両方を同時に用いてもよく、又、これ以外の方法を更に併用しても差し支えない。熱風やロールヒーターの温度はサイズ剤の種類により多少は異なるが、サイズ剤の粘度が10ポイズ以下となるように設定することが好ましく、1ポイズ以下となるように設定することは更に好ましい。しかし、0.1ポイズ未満とすると、サイズ剤がその目的を果たす前に流れ落ちたり、開繊拡幅時に毛羽が発生したりする恐れがあるため、具体的な条件としては、一般的に熱風・ロールヒーター共に100〜170℃に設定することが好ましい。
【0010】
更に、開繊拡幅の幅は振動開繊バーの振動数と振幅によっても拡幅の幅が決定される。振動数は多い程拡幅が大きくなるため、10Hz未満では拡幅の効果は少ない。一方、50Hzを超えると拡幅効果は大きいが毛羽が発生する恐れがある。すなわち、本発明において振動開繊バーの振動数は10〜50Hzが好ましく、10〜30Hzがより好ましい。又、振幅は基本的に大きくするほど開繊拡幅は大きくなるため、2mm未満では開繊拡幅はあまり効果ない。しかし、10mmを超えると毛羽の発生や隣接するフィラメント間で交絡が生じるなどの問題が発生する恐れがある。よって、振幅は2〜10mmが好ましく、2〜5mmがより好ましい。
【0011】
本発明ではこれらの手法により経糸幅の容易に開繊拡幅させることができるが、その開繊拡幅が振動開繊バー接触前の経糸の幅に対して1.5倍以上、より好ましくは2倍以上となれば、製織後の織物の物性が特に良くなる。
【0012】
均一に開繊拡幅された経糸は3本の搬送ロール5、6及び7を介して供給ロール8へと導かれる。この時、振動開繊バー3で開繊拡幅された経糸は第1番目の搬送ロール5から供給ロール8へ直接導いても構わないが、この場合には搬送ロール5と供給ロール8との間の空間が大きくなり収束されやすくなるため、これらを防ぐためには搬送ロール6及び7若しくはさらなる搬送ロールとを組み合わせて、できるだけ自由空間を無くすことにより糸の収束は押さえられる。
【0013】
一般的に、製時の経糸の供給方法には消極送りと積極送りがあり、どちらかを一方のみを用いて製織されるのが普通である。ここで、消極送りとは緯糸が挿入されて筬打ちされた分だけ、織物が巻き取りニップロールに巻きとられる。その巻き取り量だけ経糸が引き出される。経糸の引出し量及び張力規制はブレーキ装置により行われるため、張力の調整範囲は狭く、経糸は比較的高張力設定となる。一方、積極送りは巻き取りニップロールで巻き取られると同時に経糸を一斉に積極的に送り出す機構を有しているため、比較的低張力設定が可能である。
【0014】
通常、供給方法を一度設定すれば、同じ供給方法で製織されるのが原則である。しかしながら、本発明は消極送りと積極送りを併用することを特徴とする。すなわち、本発明ではまず特定の張力以上の経糸張力下で整経後、次に前記特定の張力より低い経糸張力下で開繊拡幅した後製織することを特徴としている。この条件で製織する目的の一つは、経糸の張力を均一化することにある。例えば、張力斑がある場合、高い張力部分の経糸はヘルド、筬へのわずかの接触によっても糸幅が変化し、このような状態で製織されたとしても、形成された織物は糸幅斑による外観不良となる。更に、この状態でクロスロールに巻き取られた時、巻き締りによる目曲がり(緯糸が曲がる現象)が発生する。これは、糸幅により糸厚みが異なるためであり、即ち糸幅が小さくなれば糸厚みが大きくなり、このままクロスロールに巻かれれば糸幅が大きい(糸厚みが小さい)部分と小さい(糸厚みが大きい)部分で巻き径変化が生じるためである。又、経糸全体の張力を均一化する手法として、最初から積極送りを採用しても可能ではあるが、機掛けのセッティングにおける張力斑がそのまま発生するため、実施化は極めて難しい。
【0015】
強化繊維を均一な経糸張力下で糸幅を変化させずに製織することは非常に重要である。このことから、本発明では消極送りと積極送りとを併用させて経糸張力と糸幅の均一化を図っている。即ち、図1の如く、振動開繊バー3で開繊拡幅された経糸は搬送ロール5、6及び7を介し、供給ロール8に導かれ、ニップロール9を開放したままの状態で段差ロール10を介して、ヘルド11、筬12を経て、ロール13、巻き取りニップロール14、クロスロール15へと順次巻き取る。段差ロール10はヘルド11による経糸の開口運動時の張力変動を吸収する装置であり、バックテンションロール2によるバックテンションと段差ロール10の荷重とによってバランスを保つ機構になっている。
【0016】
バックテンションロール2によるバックテンションが大きくなるに従い、段差ロール10を通過後の荷重も大きくする必要がある。バックテンションロール2の荷重の調整は、糸種、目的とする糸幅、張力の均一化を考慮して適宜変更すればよい。段差ロール10の通過後の経糸張力を高くするほど、短時間で張力の均一化を図ることができるが、全体に糸幅が収束し、次工程において物性に影響を及ぼすまで厳しく拡幅しなければならない場合が生じる。
【0017】
この段差ロール10を通過した後の経糸張力は0.004cN/dtex以上となるように荷重を設定することが望ましく、更に好ましくは0.009cN/dtex以上とすることが良好である。このようにして消極送りで均一化された後、ニップロール9によりニップして低張力で製織するために、荷重を変更し積極送りによる製織を始める。消極送りにより均一化された経糸は振動開繊バー3で開繊拡幅しながら積極送りされニップロールから定量送りされて連続した安定した製織となる。この時の積極送りによる製織張力は、段差ロール10の荷重により決定されるが、その荷重を重くする程張力が高くなり、逆に荷重を小さくする程張力は低くなるのはいうまでもない。しかし、張力を高くし過ぎると振動開繊バー3で開繊拡幅した糸が細く、しかも織物の端部は特に織縮みにより糸幅が細くなり全体として不均一な織物となる。又、弱すぎると経糸が緩みすぎて製織不良となる。
【0018】
そのため、製織安定性を実現でき、ヘルドや筬による擦過や織縮みによる収束が起きても、これらを吸収できる程度の張力で製織することが望ましいが、0.0007cN/dtex未満では経糸が緩みすぎて製織が不安定であり、又、0.007cN/dtexを超えると張力が高すぎて糸幅が収束し不均一になる。よって、適正張力は0.0007〜0.002cN/dtexの範囲内の張力条件が望ましいが、更に好ましくは0.0007〜0.001cN/dtexの範囲内が良好である。
【0019】
本発明の製法は経糸の糸幅及び張力均一性が必要な時に有効であり、特に、低目付けの織物を製織する場合効果を発揮する。そのため、経糸密度8本/2.54cm以下とすることが好ましい。このように予め特定の張力で開繊拡幅し、続いて前記特定の張力下で製織することにより拡幅された糸幅が保持され、ヘルドや筬の擦過による糸幅の変化は殆ど起こらず、しかも、糸厚み差から目曲がりも殆どなく高品質なフラットな織物を安定して製造することができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳細に説明する。表1に示す如く、経糸と緯糸に炭素繊維(三菱レイヨン(株)社製パイロフィル)からなる3K(フィラメント数3000本)マルチフィラメントをそれぞれに用い、繊維目付け100g/mの織物を製織して経糸幅の均一性の外観評価を行った。なお以下の実施例及び比較例における製織条件は表1にまとめた。
【0021】
(実施例1)
実施例1では、図1において始めニップロール9によるニップを解除した消極送りにて経糸に0.009cN/dtexの張力をかけて整経した後、ニップロール7にてニップする積極送りに切り換えた上で製織張力を0.0007cN/dtexに設定し、更に振動開繊バー3の振動条件の振動数を20Hz、振幅3mmとして織機の起動と連動させ、又、振動開繊バー3の内部に135℃に設定したロールヒーターを挿入して加熱し、更に該振動開繊バー下部から130℃熱風を噴射させて経糸のサイズ剤の粘度が0.7ポイズになるように設定した後、製織して経糸の外観状況を観察したところ、振動開繊バー3の振動と熱処理の併用により1.5倍以上に拡幅され、又、0.0007cN/dtexの張力の製織により、経糸の幅は収束もなく均一になり非常に良好な織物外観で安定した製織が得られた。
【0022】
(実施例2)
実施例2では、積極送りによる経糸張力を0.002cN/dtexに変更した以外は実施例1と同じ条件で製織した。織物の両端20cm位の経糸がやや収束した状態になったものの、外観品位はほぼ良好であった。
【0023】
(比較例1〜4)
一方、比較例1〜4では、実施例1の製織条件から経糸張力を各種変更して製織した。比較例1では、積極送り時に0.0005cN/dtexという極めて低い張力に切り換えて製織したところ、糸緩みが発生し、レピアが経糸すくいを生じ、製織不良となった。比較例2では、始めから最後まで0.009cN/dtexの一定の張力で製織したが、織物両端が極端に収束して外観品位も不良であった。比較例3では製織開始時から定常製織時のいずれの製織時も積極送りにより低張力で製織したところ、徐々に織物の幅方向において経糸の一部で張力斑が生じ始め、経糸の糸幅斑が発生した。比較例4では製織開始時の経糸張力を0.009cN/dtexに設定すると共に、定常製織時にも消極送りのみで製織したところ、織物全体が収束し、且つ両端部は中央部に比べて更に収束し経糸が非常に不均一であった。
【0024】
(比較例5〜10)
比較例5〜10では振動開繊条件と熱処理条件を変更して製織し、経糸の外観状況を観察した。比較例5では、振動開繊バーと熱処理を使用しない以外は実勢例1と同条件で製織したところ、開繊拡幅効果は殆どなく、目空きの非常に大きな織物がとなった。振動開繊バーの振動数を5Hzで製織したところ、開繊拡幅効果があまりなく、経糸全体に糸幅が細い織物が得られた。比較例7では振動数を55Hzとして製織したところ、経糸全体に毛羽が発生していた。比較例8では振動開繊バーの振幅を1mmとして製織したところ、開繊拡幅効果が殆どない糸幅の細い織物が得られた。比較例9では振幅を12mmで製織したところ、隣接する経糸間で絡みが生じ、全体として開繊拡幅が不揃いで糸幅の不均一な織物外観となった。比較例10では経糸に熱を付与するためにロールヒーター、熱風を60℃に設定しサイズ剤の粘度を12ポイズにして製織したところ、開繊拡幅の効果は少ししか得られず、次工程で厳しい条件下での拡幅処理が必要である織物が得られた。
【0025】
【表1】

Figure 2004052132
<判定基準>
◎;織物全幅収束なし
○;織物両端経糸部わずかに収束
△;織物両端経糸部若干収束
×;織物全幅の経糸収束
【0026】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明からも明らかなように、本発明にあっては強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸からなる強化繊維織物の製造方法において、強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸を用いて製織する際に、まず経糸に特定の張力下において整経し、次に経糸に前記特定の張力より低い張力をかけつつ加熱しながら開繊拡幅したのち引き続き製織することにより、織物全幅にわたって収束されることなく拡幅された状態で安定した製織が可能となり、しかも経糸幅の均一な強化織物が得られる。又、この織物を更に開繊した後、コンポジット化した繊維強化プラスチックはその成形品において十分な強度が発現するため、工業上極めて有効な手段である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の製織工程を概略で示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1     強化繊維マルチフィラメント経糸
2     バックテンションロール
3     振動開繊バー(ロールヒーター挿入)
4     熱風付与装置
5〜7   搬送ロール
8     供給ロール
9     ニップロール
10    段差ロール
11    ヘルド
12    筬
13    ガイドロール
14   巻き取りニップロール
15   クロスロール[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a reinforced fiber woven fabric that exhibits excellent properties as a reinforced plastic composite material (FRP) using a reinforced fiber multifilament yarn.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, many proposals have been made as a method for obtaining a normal woven fabric or a thinned woven fabric using a reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn, and the woven fabric is usually woven by a shuttle loom or a rapier loom. In particular, in the case of a thinned woven fabric, for example, according to Japanese Patent Nos. 3089984 and 3094835, a process of opening and widening by swinging a means for guiding a warp is provided. Although no specific value is shown for the weaving tension of the warp, it is disclosed that the warp tension is set as low as possible so as not to crush the flat shape of the warp. Further, according to Japanese Patent No. 2964840, it is proposed to insert a weft by opening the warp in a state where a tension per one warp is 0.009 to 0.03 cN / dtex.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even if the fiber is widened by swinging using a reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber having a small number of filaments, particularly, a carbon fiber having a filament number of 6000 or less, a uniform widening effect may not be sufficiently obtained. In particular, at both ends of the woven fabric, the weave shrinks due to the bending of the warp and the weft, the heald, and the rubbing of the reeds, the yarn becomes thinner, and the yarn width becomes uneven. Further, in order to perform weaving with a low tension, it is not possible to give much back tension, and naturally the tension of the warp becomes uneven.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a flat reinforced fiber woven fabric in which the warp yarn width is widened sufficiently and widely even with a reinforcing fiber having a small number of filaments, and further, there is no shrinkage due to bending of the warp and the weft.
[0005]
The present invention is directed to forming a woven fabric while maintaining the yarn width of a warped yarn that has been spread and widened by using vibration and heating of a warp in combination with the above problem. In the method for producing a reinforced fiber woven fabric composed of multifilament yarns, first, warping is performed under a specific tension on a warp, and then the warp is spread and widened while applying a tension lower than the specific tension, followed by continuous weaving. And As a method for spreading the warp, the spreading method using a vibration opening using a vibration opening bar is preferable, and a method for heating the warp is to apply hot air to the warp or use the vibration opening bar. Is characterized by heating the vibration opening bar.
[0006]
Further, the warp is previously warped under a warp tension of 0.004 cN / dtex or more, preferably 0.009 cN / dtex or less, and then opened under a low tension in a range of 0.0007 to 0.002 cN / dtex. It is preferred to widen and weave. Further, it is brought into contact with a vibration spread bar extending in a direction orthogonal to the warp direction and vibrated at a frequency of 10 to 50 Hz and an amplitude of 2 to 10 mm. The present invention is also applicable to heating the warp so that the viscosity of the sizing agent of the warp becomes 10 poise or less, and weaving a woven fabric having a warp density of 8 yarns / 2.54 cm or less with such warp. It is a feature of.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this figure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a method for weaving a reinforcing fiber woven fabric according to the present invention. A reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn 1 intercepted from a bobbin is guided to a back tension roll 2 so as to prevent untwisting. Normally, the tension is adjusted for each single weight so that the pullout tension does not change due to the change in the weight of the warp yarn. Particularly, since the pullout angle is different between the central portion and the end portion, tension unevenness inevitably occurs in the width direction of the yarn row. It is easy to occur. Therefore, in the present invention, the back tension roll 2 is interposed, and the warp group is made substantially the same as the weaving width, so that the yarn tension in the weaving width direction is extremely uniform. The warp yarn 1 drawn from the back tension roll 2 is made uniform in the width direction while the warp yarn is spread and widened by the two vibration spreading bars 3 arranged in parallel. Note that the number of vibration opening bars is not limited to two in parallel, and one or three or more vibration opening bars may be used. On the other hand, it is also possible to use a rubbing roll having a matte surface on the surface instead of the vibration opening bar 3 or to spray air at a high pressure on the warp or to use the warp when the widening condition is relatively gentle. When a multifilament that is difficult to widen is used, such as when the number of filaments is small, or when the viscosity of the sizing agent to be attached is high, or when a large widening is required, it is most preferable to use a vibration opening bar.
[0008]
However, especially when the number of filaments is small, there is a limit to the spread width even if a vibrating spread bar is used, and the spread width may not be sufficient. If the width of the obtained woven fabric is too small compared to the required width of the widening, it is necessary to further tighten the widening conditions after weaving, but in this case, the required width is widened. Although it is possible, there is a possibility that defects such as generation of fluff may occur, resulting in poor appearance, and a reduction in strength physical properties. In order to overcome such a problem, in the present invention, it is possible to obtain a desired width of widening by simultaneously using the heating of the warp and the spreading of the spread. The reason is that a sizing agent is usually attached to the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn for the purpose of converging the yarn bundle, but the spread spread is greatly affected by the characteristics of the sizing agent. Even if the number of filaments of the same warp is affected by the type and amount of the sizing agent, the softer the sizing agent and the smaller the amount of the sizing agent, the more advantageous the spreading spread. Therefore, the spreading of the fiber can be facilitated by lowering the viscosity of the sizing agent by heating the warp yarn.
[0009]
As a method of heating the warp, a method of injecting hot air from the hot air generator 4 over the entire width of the warp of the woven fabric around the vibration opening bar 3, a method of heating with a roll heater charged inside the vibration opening bar 3, and the like are used. Although preferred, both of them may be used at the same time, or other methods may be used in combination. Although the temperature of the hot air and the temperature of the roll heater are slightly different depending on the type of the sizing agent, it is preferable that the viscosity of the sizing agent be set to 10 poise or less, and it is more preferable that the viscosity be set to 1 poise or less. However, when the size is less than 0.1 poise, the sizing agent may flow down before fulfilling its purpose, or fluff may be generated at the time of spreading the fiber, so the specific conditions are generally hot air / roll. It is preferable that both the heaters are set at 100 to 170 ° C.
[0010]
Further, the width of the spread spread is determined by the frequency and amplitude of the vibration spread bar. As the frequency increases, the widening increases, and if the frequency is less than 10 Hz, the widening effect is small. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 Hz, the widening effect is large, but fuzz may be generated. That is, in the present invention, the frequency of the vibration opening bar is preferably 10 to 50 Hz, more preferably 10 to 30 Hz. Also, as the amplitude is basically increased, the spread spread becomes larger, and if the amplitude is less than 2 mm, the spread spread is not so effective. However, if it exceeds 10 mm, problems such as generation of fluff and confounding between adjacent filaments may occur. Therefore, the amplitude is preferably 2 to 10 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm.
[0011]
In the present invention, the warp width can be easily spread and widened by these methods, but the spread width is 1.5 times or more, more preferably 2 times or more the width of the warp before contact with the vibration spread bar. With the above, the physical properties of the woven fabric after weaving are particularly improved.
[0012]
The uniformly spread and widened warp is guided to a supply roll 8 via three transport rolls 5, 6 and 7. At this time, the warp yarn spread and widened by the vibration opening bar 3 may be directly guided from the first transport roll 5 to the supply roll 8, but in this case, the warp between the transport roll 5 and the supply roll 8 may be provided. In order to prevent them, the convergence of the yarn can be suppressed by combining the transport rolls 6 and 7 or a further transport roll and eliminating the free space as much as possible.
[0013]
In general, the method of supplying the warp at the time of manufacturing includes negative feeding and positive feeding, and usually weaving is performed using only one of them. Here, the depolarizing feeding means that the woven fabric is wound around the winding nip roll by an amount corresponding to the insertion of the weft and the beating. The warp is drawn out by the winding amount. Since the amount of pulling out the warp and the regulation of the tension are performed by the brake device, the adjustment range of the tension is narrow, and the tension of the warp is set to a relatively high tension. On the other hand, the positive feed has a mechanism in which the warp yarns are simultaneously sent positively simultaneously while being wound by the take-up nip roll, so that a relatively low tension can be set.
[0014]
Usually, once the supply method is set, it is a rule that weaving is performed by the same supply method. However, the present invention is characterized in that the negative feed and the positive feed are used together. That is, the present invention is characterized in that first, warping is performed under a warp tension equal to or higher than a specific tension, and then weaving is performed after opening and widening the yarn under a warp tension lower than the specific tension. One purpose of weaving under these conditions is to equalize the tension of the warp. For example, when there is unevenness in the tension, the warp in the high tension portion changes the yarn width even by a slight contact with the heald and the reed, and even if woven in such a state, the formed woven fabric is caused by unevenness in the yarn width. The appearance is poor. Further, when the film is wound on a cross roll in this state, a bending (a phenomenon that a weft is bent) due to tightening occurs. This is because the yarn thickness differs depending on the yarn width, that is, the yarn thickness increases as the yarn width decreases, and if the yarn is wound on a cross roll as it is, the portion having a larger yarn width (smaller yarn thickness) and a smaller portion (yarn thickness) are used. This is because the winding diameter changes at the portion where the thickness is large. Further, as a method of equalizing the tension of the entire warp, it is possible to employ positive feed from the beginning, but it is extremely difficult to implement the method because unevenness in tension in the setting of the machine is generated as it is.
[0015]
It is very important to weave the reinforcing fibers under uniform warp tension without changing the yarn width. For this reason, in the present invention, the warp tension and the yarn width are made uniform by using both the negative feed and the positive feed. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the warp yarn spread and widened by the vibration spreading bar 3 is guided to the supply roll 8 via the transport rolls 5, 6, and 7, and the step roll 10 is moved while the nip roll 9 is opened. Through a heald 11 and a reed 12, the roll is sequentially wound up on a roll 13, a winding nip roll 14, and a cross roll 15. The step roll 10 is a device that absorbs tension fluctuations at the time of the shedding motion of the warp by the heald 11, and has a mechanism to maintain balance by the back tension by the back tension roll 2 and the load of the step roll 10.
[0016]
As the back tension by the back tension roll 2 increases, the load after passing through the step roll 10 also needs to be increased. The adjustment of the load of the back tension roll 2 may be appropriately changed in consideration of the uniformity of the yarn type, the target yarn width, and the tension. The higher the warp tension after passing through the step roll 10, the more uniform the tension can be achieved in a short time. However, unless the yarn width converges to the whole and the physical properties are adversely affected in the next step, the width must be strictly increased. This may not be the case.
[0017]
It is desirable to set the load so that the warp tension after passing through the step roll 10 is at least 0.004 cN / dtex, more preferably at least 0.009 cN / dtex. After uniforming by the negative feed in this way, in order to nip with the nip roll 9 and weave with low tension, the load is changed and weaving by the positive feed is started. The warp uniformized by the depolarizing feed is positively fed while being spread and widened by the vibrating spread bar 3, and is fed in a fixed amount from the nip roll, so that continuous and stable weaving is achieved. The weaving tension due to the positive feed at this time is determined by the load of the step roll 10, but it goes without saying that the tension increases as the load increases, and the tension decreases as the load decreases. However, if the tension is too high, the yarn spread and widened by the vibration opening bar 3 becomes thin, and the end of the woven fabric has a narrow yarn width particularly due to shrinkage of the woven fabric, resulting in a nonuniform woven fabric as a whole. On the other hand, if it is too weak, the warp becomes too loose, resulting in poor weaving.
[0018]
Therefore, weaving stability can be realized, and even if convergence due to abrasion by a heald or a reed or weaving shrinkage occurs, it is desirable to perform weaving with a tension enough to absorb them. In addition, weaving is unstable, and if it exceeds 0.007 cN / dtex, the tension is too high and the yarn width converges and becomes non-uniform. Therefore, the appropriate tension is preferably in the range of 0.0007 to 0.002 cN / dtex, more preferably 0.0007 to 0.001 cN / dtex.
[0019]
The production method of the present invention is effective when the yarn width and tension uniformity of the warp are required, and is particularly effective when weaving a low-weight fabric. Therefore, the warp density is preferably 8 yarns / 2.54 cm or less. In this manner, the yarn is spread and widened in advance with a specific tension, and subsequently, the widened yarn width is maintained by weaving under the specific tension, and the yarn width hardly changes due to the heald or reed rubbing, and It is possible to stably produce a high-quality flat fabric with almost no bending due to a difference in yarn thickness.
[0020]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. As shown in Table 1, a 3K (3,000 filaments) multifilament made of carbon fiber (Pyrofil manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) was used for each of the warp and the weft, and a woven fabric having a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 was woven. The appearance of the warp width uniformity was evaluated. Table 1 summarizes weaving conditions in the following examples and comparative examples.
[0021]
(Example 1)
In the first embodiment, after the warp is tensioned by 0.009 cN / dtex by the depolarization feeding in which the nip by the nip roll 9 is released in FIG. The weaving tension is set to 0.0007 cN / dtex, the vibration frequency of the vibration-spreading bar 3 is set to 20 Hz, the amplitude is set to 3 mm, and linked with the start of the loom. The set roll heater is inserted and heated, and further, 130 ° C. hot air is blown from the lower part of the vibrating fiber opening bar to set the viscosity of the warp sizing agent to 0.7 poise. When the appearance was observed, the width of the warp was increased to 1.5 times or more by the combined use of the vibration of the vibration opening bar 3 and the heat treatment, and the warp width was reduced by weaving with a tension of 0.0007 cN / dtex. Stable weaving was obtained in very good fabric appearance becomes bundle without any uniform.
[0022]
(Example 2)
In Example 2, weaving was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the warp tension by positive feed was changed to 0.002 cN / dtex. Although the warp yarns at both ends of about 20 cm of the woven fabric slightly converged, the appearance quality was almost good.
[0023]
(Comparative Examples 1-4)
On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, weaving was performed with the warp tension varied from the weaving conditions of Example 1. In Comparative Example 1, when weaving was performed while switching to an extremely low tension of 0.0005 cN / dtex during active feeding, yarn loosening occurred and rapiers were scooped, resulting in poor weaving. In Comparative Example 2, weaving was performed at a constant tension of 0.009 cN / dtex from the beginning to the end, but both ends of the fabric were extremely converged and the appearance quality was poor. In Comparative Example 3, when weaving was performed at a low tension by positive feeding during any weaving from the start of weaving to the time of regular weaving, unevenness of tension gradually started to occur in a part of the warp in the width direction of the fabric, and unevenness in the warp width was observed. There has occurred. In Comparative Example 4, the warp tension at the start of weaving was set to 0.009 cN / dtex, and when weaving was performed only during the negative weaving at the time of steady weaving, the entire fabric converged, and both ends were further converged as compared to the center. The warp was very uneven.
[0024]
(Comparative Examples 5 to 10)
In Comparative Examples 5 to 10, weaving was performed while changing the vibration opening condition and the heat treatment condition, and the appearance of the warp was observed. In Comparative Example 5, when weaving was performed under the same conditions as in Actual Example 1 except that the vibration opening bar and the heat treatment were not used, there was almost no spreading effect of the opening, and a very large woven fabric was obtained. When weaving was performed at a vibration frequency of the vibration opening bar of 5 Hz, a woven fabric having a small yarn width over the entire warp was obtained without much spreading effect. In Comparative Example 7, when weaving was performed at a frequency of 55 Hz, fluff occurred on the entire warp yarn. In Comparative Example 8, when the weaving was performed with the amplitude of the vibration opening bar set to 1 mm, a woven fabric having a small yarn width and almost no spreading effect was obtained. In Comparative Example 9, when weaving was performed at an amplitude of 12 mm, entanglement occurred between adjacent warp yarns, and as a whole, the spread width was not uniform, and the woven fabric had an uneven yarn width. In Comparative Example 10, weaving was performed with a roll heater, hot air set at 60 ° C. and the viscosity of the sizing agent at 12 poise in order to apply heat to the warp. A woven fabric requiring widening under severe conditions was obtained.
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004052132
<Judgment criteria>
◎: No convergence of the entire width of the woven fabric ○: Slight convergence of the warp at both ends of the woven fabric △; Slight convergence of the warp portion at both ends of the woven fabric ×;
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, in the present invention, in the method for producing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric composed of the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn, when weaving using the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn, first, a specific tension is applied to the warp. The warp is warped below, and then the warp is stretched and spread while heating while applying a tension lower than the specific tension, and then the weft is continuously woven. And a reinforced woven fabric having a uniform warp width can be obtained. Further, after further opening the woven fabric, the composite fiber-reinforced plastic exhibits sufficient strength in the molded product, and is an industrially extremely effective means.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing a weaving step of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Multifilament reinforcing fiber warp 2 Back tension roll 3 Vibration opening bar (roll heater inserted)
Reference Signs List 4 Hot air applying devices 5 to 7 Transport roll 8 Supply roll 9 Nip roll 10 Step roll 11 Heald 12 Reed 13 Guide roll 14 Winding nip roll 15 Cross roll

Claims (12)

強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸からなる強化繊維織物の製造方法において、まず経糸に特定の張力下において整経し、次に経糸に前記特定の張力より低い張力をかけつつ加熱しながら開繊拡幅したのち引き続き製織することを特徴とする強化繊維織物の製造方法。In the method for producing a reinforced fiber woven fabric composed of reinforced fiber multifilament yarns, first, warp is warped under a specific tension, and then the warp is spread while being spread while heating while applying a tension lower than the specific tension. A method for producing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric, comprising weaving. 経糸への加熱が経糸への熱風の付与によるものである請求項1記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method for producing a reinforced fiber woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the heating of the warp is performed by applying hot air to the warp. 開繊拡幅を振動開繊バーに経糸を接触させることによって行う請求項1記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method for producing a reinforced fiber woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the spreading of the fiber is performed by bringing the warp yarn into contact with the vibration spreading bar. 経糸の加熱を前記振動開繊バーの加熱及び/又は経糸への熱風の付与によるものであることを特徴とする請求項3記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method for producing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric according to claim 3, wherein the heating of the warp is performed by heating the vibrating fiber opening bar and / or applying hot air to the warp. 振動開繊バーを、経糸送り方向に対して直交する方向に延在するように配置し、経糸送り方向に対して直交する方向に振動数10〜50Hz及び振幅2〜10mmで振動させることを特徴とする請求項3又は4記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The vibrating fiber opening bar is arranged so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the warp feeding direction, and is vibrated at a frequency of 10 to 50 Hz and an amplitude of 2 to 10 mm in a direction perpendicular to the warp feeding direction. The method for producing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric according to claim 3 or 4. 開繊拡幅後の前記経糸の幅が、振動開繊バー接触前の経糸の幅に対して1.5倍以上となることを特徴とする請求項3〜5いずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The reinforced fiber woven fabric according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the width of the warp after spreading the spread is 1.5 times or more the width of the warp before contact with the vibration spreading bar. Manufacturing method. 強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸のフィラメント数が1000〜6000であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6いずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method for producing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the number of filaments of the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn is 1,000 to 6,000. 前記特定の張力が0.004cN/dtex以上であり、前記低張力が0.002cN/dtex以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜7いずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the specific tension is 0.004 cN / dtex or more, and the low tension is 0.002 cN / dtex or less. 前記特定の張力が0.009cN/dtex以上であり、前記低張力が0.0007〜0.002cN/dtexの範囲内にあることを特徴とする請求項1〜8いずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The reinforcing fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the specific tension is 0.009 cN / dtex or more, and the low tension is in a range of 0.0007 to 0.002 cN / dtex. Fabrication method. 強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸が炭素繊維であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method for producing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn is a carbon fiber. 経糸に付着している強化繊維マルチフィラメント糸のサイズ剤の粘度が、10ポイズ以下になるように経糸を加熱することを特徴とする請求項1〜10いずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The production of a reinforcing fiber woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the warp is heated so that the viscosity of the sizing agent of the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarn attached to the warp becomes 10 poise or less. Method. 経糸密度が8本/2.54cm以下の織物を製織することを特徴とする請求項1〜11いずれか一項記載の強化繊維織物の製造方法。The method for producing a reinforced fiber woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a woven fabric having a warp density of 8 yarns / 2.54 cm or less is woven.
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