JP2004015365A - Multi-frequency shared antenna - Google Patents

Multi-frequency shared antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004015365A
JP2004015365A JP2002165140A JP2002165140A JP2004015365A JP 2004015365 A JP2004015365 A JP 2004015365A JP 2002165140 A JP2002165140 A JP 2002165140A JP 2002165140 A JP2002165140 A JP 2002165140A JP 2004015365 A JP2004015365 A JP 2004015365A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
antenna
frequency
metal conductor
antenna element
approximately
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JP2002165140A
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JP3719425B2 (en
Inventor
Yasuko Kimura
木村　泰子
Yoshio Ebine
恵比根　佳雄
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NTT Docomo Inc
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NTT Docomo Inc
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-frequency shared antenna having a horizontal plane directional beam width of approximately 90 degrees with two pairs of metal conductor posts erected at symmetric positions in approximately ±90 degree directions, with respect to the main radiating direction of its antenna element of a multi-frequency shared antenna, having a in horizontal plane directional beam width of approximately 120 degrees. <P>SOLUTION: The multi-frequency shared antenna comprises first metal conductors 1 erected at symmetric positions in approximately directions of ±90 degree at a fixed distance from an antenna element 3', with respect to the main radiating direction with the center located at the antenna element 3' of a multi-frequency shared antenna resonant over two or three frequency bands with a horizontal plane directional beam width of approximately 120 degrees; and second metal conductors 2 shorter than the first conductors 1, erected in between the first conductors 1 and the antenna element 3'. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、多周波共用アンテナに関し、特に、多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナに対して金属導体柱を２本づつアンテナ素子の主放射方向に関して対称におよそ±９０゜方向の位置に立設した多周波共用アンテナに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
移動通信の基地局の多くは３セクタに分割されていて、１ゾーン当り１２０゜の分割角度によるサービスが実施されている。ここで、基地局アンテナの一部は１ゾーンを多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナによりサービスを実施している。ＣＤＭＡ方式において加入者容量を増加するには、セクタ分割角度より狭いビーム幅のアンテナを採用すると好適であると言われているが、既に、アンテナが設置されて基地局の運用がなされているので、この既設の多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナを狭いビーム幅のアンテナに交換しない限り、セクタ分割角度より狭いビーム幅のアンテナの運用を実施することができない。
図５を参照するに、これは３周波共用１２０°ビームアンテナの水平面内指向性パターンを示す図である。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナを狭いビーム幅のアンテナに交換することにより、セクタ分割角度より狭いビーム幅の運用を実施することはできる。しかし、既にサービスが開始されている基地局アンテナの交換を実施する場合、サービスを中断、休止してアンテナ交換を実施しなければならない。その上に、アンテナ交換のコストは大きい。
この発明は、既設の多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナに対して金属導体柱を２本づつアンテナ素子の主放射方向に関して対称におよそ±９０゜の方向の位置に立設せしめることにより、多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナを多周波共用９０°ビームアンテナに変換して既設アンテナの交換を必要としない、上述の問題を解消した多周波共用アンテナを提供するものである。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
水平面内指向性ビーム幅がおよそ１２０゜になる２つの周波数帯域或いは３つの周波数帯域を共振する多周波共用垂直偏波用アンテナに対して、第１の金属導線をアンテナ素子と一定距離だけ離隔してアンテナ素子を中心に主放射方向に関して対称におよそ±９０゜方向の位置に立設すると共に第１の金属導線とアンテナ素子との間に第１の金属導線より短い第２の金属導線を立設することにより、多周波数帯域の水平面内指向性ビーム幅がおよそ９０゜の多周波共用アンテナを構成することができる。
【０００５】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の実施の形態を図１の実施例を参照して説明する。
図１は８００ＭＨｚ、１．５ＧＨｚ、２ＧＨｚの３周波を送信する３周波共用の多周波共用アンテナの実施例を説明する図である。
３は３周波共用１２０°のビーム幅（ＨＰＢＷ）のアンテナを示し、３’はアンテナ素子を示す。１は第１の金属導線を示し、２は第２の金属導線を示す。これら第１の金属導線１および第２の金属導線２は、アンテナ素子３’の主放射方向に関して対称に、およそ±９０゜方向の位置に立設せしめられる。第２の金属導線２の長さＬは最も高い周波の半波長の近傍の値に設定される。第１の金属導線１としては太さ８ｍｍ程度の導線を使用し、第２の金属導線２としては太さ４ｍｍの導線を使用する。外側の長さの長い方の第１の金属導線１とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離はＳ１であり、内側の短い方の第２の金属導線２とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離はＳ２である。そして、距離Ｓ２＜距離Ｓ１としている。
【０００６】
ここで、図１の実施例の数値を適用した具体例を説明する。
図２を参照するに、これはアンテナ素子３’と第２の金属導線２との間の距離Ｓ２とＨＰＢＷおよび利得の前後比（ＦＢ比）の関係を示す図である。但し、外側の長い方の第１の金属導線１とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ１を１２０ｍｍとしている。第１の金属導線１の太さを８ｍｍとしている。そして、短い方の第２の金属導線２の長さＬ＝３０ｍｍとし、太さを４ｍｍとしている。第２の金属導線２とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ２を変化調整することにより、１．５ＧＨＺの周波と２ＧＨＺの周波のビームと利得の前後比が変化することが観察される。
【０００７】
図３を参照するに、これは第２の金属導線２の長さＬとＨＰＢＷおよびＦＢ比の関係を示す図である。但し、アンテナ素子３’と短い方の第２の金属導線２との間の距離Ｓ２を７５ｍｍとしている。第２の金属導線２の長さＬを変化調整することにより、１．５ＧＨＺの周波と２ＧＨＺの周波のビームと利得の前後比が変化することが観察される。
図４を参照するに、これはアンテナ素子３’と第１の金属導線１との間の距離Ｓ１と水平面内指向性のビーム幅およびＦＢ比の関係を示す図である。但し、図４は第２の金属導線２は設置しない場合の結果を示している。第１の金属導線１とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ１を変化調整することにより、１．５ＧＨＺの周波と２ＧＨＺの周波のビーム幅と利得の前後比が変化することが観察される。
【０００８】
ところが、最も低い周波数である８００ＭＨＺについては、第２の金属導線２第２の金属導線２とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ２を変化調整しても、図２に示される如くビーム幅と利得の前後比の双方について変化は殆んど認識されない。そして、第２の金属導線２の長さＬを変化調整してみても、図３に示される如くビーム幅と利得の前後比の双方について変化は殆ど認識されない。即ち、アンテナ素子３’の近傍に設置された短い方の第２の金属導線２は、８００ＭＨＺの周波には何等の影響も与えない。ここで、第１の金属導線１とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ１を変更調整した図４を参照するに、ビームの値は、Ｓ１：６０ｍｍから１４０ｍｍの範囲内で、１０５゜から８０゜に到るまで単調減少している。そして、利得の前後比については、Ｓ１：６０ｍｍから１４０ｍｍの範囲内で、１４から２２に到るまで単調増加している。
【０００９】
図６を参照するに、これは下記のパラメータを採用した図１の実施例の多周波共用９０゜ビームアンテナの水平面内指向性パターンを示す図である。
但し、
・第１の金属導線１とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ１：１００ｍｍ
・第２の金属導線２とアンテナ素子３’との間の距離Ｓ２：７５ｍｍ
・第１の金属導線１の太さ：８ｍｍ
・第２の金属導線２の太さ：４ｍｍ
・第２の金属導線２の長さＬ：３０ｍｍ
ここで、第２の金属導線２の長さＬ：３０ｍｍは最も高い周波２ＧＨｚの半波長より少し短かめに設定した値に相当し、これにより１．５ＧＨＺの周波と２ＧＨＺの周波のビーム幅を９０゜程度に狭くすることができる。以上の結果をあわせて、３周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナから３周波共用９０゜ビームアンテナを構成することができる。
【００１０】
なお、以上のビームパターン、データは、電磁界分布を数値計算するソフトウェアを使用し、アンテナの種類、アンテナの長さ、励振源の励振周波数、反射器の形状、反射器の寸法、給電点、アンテナと反射器との間の位置関係その他の条件を入力して電子計算機により演算処理して求めることができる。
【００１１】
【発明の効果】
以上の通りであって、この発明によれば、多周波共用アンテナのアンテナ素子の両サイドに金属導体を２本ずつ、アンテナを中心に主放射方向に関して対称に並べる。このとき、長い第１の金属導線をアンテナとある程度離隔した位置に配置し、最も高い周波数の半波長程度の長さである第２の金属導線を金属導体とアンテナとの間に配置することにより、多周波共用１２０゜ビームアンテナから多周波共用９０°ビームアンテナに変換することができ。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】実施例を説明する図。
【図２】アンテナ素子と第２の金属導線との間の距離Ｓ２とＨＰＢＷおよびＦＢ比　　の関係を示す図。
【図３】第２の金属導線の長さとＨＰＢＷおよびＦＢ比の関係を示す図。
【図４】アンテナ素子と第１の金属導線との間の距離とＨＰＢＷおよびＦＢ比の関係を示す図。
【図５】従来例の水平面内指向性パターンを説明する図。
【図６】実施例の水平面内指向性パターンを説明する図。
【符号の説明】
１　第１の金属導線　　　　　　２　第２の金属導線
３　アンテナ　　　　　３’アンテナ素子[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a multi-frequency antenna, and more particularly, to a multi-frequency 120 ° beam antenna in which two metal conductor columns are erected at approximately ± 90 ° directions symmetrically with respect to the main radiation direction of the antenna element. It relates to a frequency shared antenna.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Most mobile communication base stations are divided into three sectors, and a service is provided at a division angle of 120 ° per zone. Here, a part of the base station antenna performs a service in one zone using a multi-frequency 120 ° beam antenna. In order to increase the subscriber capacity in the CDMA system, it is said that it is preferable to use an antenna having a beam width smaller than the sector division angle. However, since the antenna is already installed and the base station is operated, Unless the existing multi-frequency 120 ° beam antenna is replaced with an antenna having a narrow beam width, operation of an antenna having a beam width smaller than the sector division angle cannot be performed.
Referring to FIG. 5, this is a diagram showing a directivity pattern in a horizontal plane of a 120 ° beam antenna sharing three frequencies.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By replacing the multi-frequency 120 ° beam antenna with an antenna having a narrow beam width, it is possible to operate a beam width narrower than the sector division angle. However, when exchanging a base station antenna for which a service has already been started, the service must be interrupted and suspended to perform the antenna exchange. In addition, the cost of antenna replacement is high.
According to the present invention, a multi-frequency shared 120 ° beam antenna is provided by arranging two metal conductor columns symmetrically with respect to the main radiation direction of the antenna element at a position of approximately ± 90 ° with respect to the existing 120 ° beam antenna. An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-frequency antenna which converts a 120 ° beam antenna into a multi-frequency 90 ° beam antenna and does not require replacement of an existing antenna, and which solves the above-mentioned problem.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The first metal conductor is separated from the antenna element by a fixed distance with respect to the antenna for multi-frequency shared vertical polarization that resonates two frequency bands or three frequency bands in which the directional beam width in the horizontal plane is approximately 120 °. The antenna is erected symmetrically with respect to the main radiation direction about the antenna element at a position of about ± 90 °, and a second metal conductor shorter than the first metal conductor is erected between the first metal conductor and the antenna element. With this configuration, it is possible to configure a multi-frequency antenna having a directional beam width in a horizontal plane of about 90 ° in a multi-frequency band.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiment of FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a multi-frequency shared antenna for transmitting three frequencies of 800 MHz, 1.5 GHz and 2 GHz.
Numeral 3 denotes an antenna having a beam width (HPBW) of 120 ° for three frequencies, and 3 ′ denotes an antenna element. 1 indicates a first metal conductor, and 2 indicates a second metal conductor. The first metal conductor 1 and the second metal conductor 2 are erected symmetrically with respect to the main radiation direction of the antenna element 3 ′ at approximately ± 90 °. The length L of the second metal conductor 2 is set to a value near a half wavelength of the highest frequency. As the first metal conductor 1, a conductor having a thickness of about 8 mm is used, and as the second metal conductor 2, a conductor having a thickness of 4 mm is used. Outer length of the longer first metal wire 1 and the antenna element 3 'the distance between is S 1, the inner of the shorter second metal conductor 2 and the antenna element 3' between the distance is S 2. The distance S 2 is set to be smaller than the distance S 1 .
[0006]
Here, a specific example in which the numerical values of the embodiment of FIG. 1 are applied will be described.
Referring to FIG. 2, this is a diagram showing the relationship between the distance S2 between the antenna element 3 'and the second metal conductor 2 , HPBW, and the front-to-back ratio (FB ratio) of the gain. However, the distance S 1 between the outer the longer first metal wire 1 and the antenna element 3 'to the 120 mm. The thickness of the first metal conductor 1 is 8 mm. The shorter second metal conductor 2 has a length L = 30 mm and a thickness of 4 mm. By changing adjusting the distance S 2 between the second metal wire 2 and the antenna element 3 ', it is observed that the front and rear ratios of the beams and the gain of the frequency of the frequency and 2GHZ of 1.5GHZ changes.
[0007]
Referring to FIG. 3, this is a diagram showing the relationship between the length L of the second metal conductor 2 and the HPBW and FB ratio. However, the distance S 2 between the antenna element 3 'and the shorter of the second metal conductor 2 is set to 75 mm. By changing and adjusting the length L of the second metal conductor 2, it is observed that the front-to-back ratio of the beam and the gain of the frequency of 1.5 GHz and the frequency of 2 GHz changes.
Referring to FIG. 4, which is a diagram showing the relationship between the distance S 1 and Horizontal Pattern beam width and FB ratio between the metal wire 1 of the antenna element 3 'and the first. However, FIG. 4 shows the result when the second metal conductor 2 is not installed. By changing and adjusting the distance S 1 between the first metal conductor 1 and the antenna element 3 ′, it is observed that the front-to-back ratio of the beam width and the gain of the frequency of 1.5 GHZ and 2 GHZ changes. .
[0008]
However, for the lowest frequency 800MHZ, it is varied adjusting the distance S 2 between the second metal wire 2 second metal conductor 2 and the antenna element 3 ', the beam width as shown in FIG. 2 Almost no change is perceived for both the gain and the front-to-back ratio of the gain. Even if the length L of the second metal conductor 2 is changed and adjusted, almost no change is recognized in both the beam width and the front-to-back ratio of the gain as shown in FIG. That is, the shorter second metal conductor 2 installed near the antenna element 3 ′ has no effect on the frequency of 800 MHZ. Here, referring to FIG. 4 in which the distance S 1 between the first metal conductor 1 and the antenna element 3 ′ is changed and adjusted, the value of the beam is S 1 : 105 mm within the range of 60 mm to 140 mm. From 80 ° to 80 °. Then, the front-to-back ratio of the gain S 1 : monotonically increases from 14 to 22 within the range of 60 mm to 140 mm.
[0009]
Referring to FIG. 6, this is a diagram showing a directivity pattern in a horizontal plane of the multi-frequency 90 ° beam antenna of the embodiment of FIG. 1 employing the following parameters.
However,
A distance S 1 between the first metal conductor 1 and the antenna element 3 ′: 100 mm
A distance S 2 between the second metal conductor 2 and the antenna element 3 ′: 75 mm
-Thickness of first metal conductor 1: 8 mm
-Thickness of second metal conductor 2: 4 mm
-Length L of the second metal conductor 2: 30 mm
Here, the length L: 30 mm of the second metal conductive wire 2 corresponds to a value set slightly shorter than the half wavelength of the highest frequency of 2 GHz, and thereby the beam width of the frequency of 1.5 GHZ and the frequency of 2 GHZ is reduced. It can be as narrow as about 90 °. By combining the above results, it is possible to construct a three-frequency 90 ° beam antenna from a three-frequency 120 ° beam antenna.
[0010]
In addition, the above beam pattern and data use software that numerically calculates the electromagnetic field distribution, the type of antenna, the length of the antenna, the excitation frequency of the excitation source, the shape of the reflector, the dimensions of the reflector, the feeding point, The positional relationship between the antenna and the reflector and other conditions can be input and calculated by an electronic computer.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, two metal conductors are arranged on both sides of the antenna element of the multi-frequency antenna symmetrically with respect to the main radiation direction about the antenna. At this time, a long first metal conductor is arranged at a position separated from the antenna to some extent, and a second metal conductor having a length of about a half wavelength of the highest frequency is arranged between the metal conductor and the antenna. It is possible to convert from a multi-frequency 120 ° beam antenna to a multi-frequency 90 ° beam antenna.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment.
Figure 2 is a graph showing a relation of a distance S 2 and HPBW and FB ratio between the antenna element and the second metal conductor.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the length of a second metal conductor and HPBW and FB ratio.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a distance between an antenna element and a first metal conductor and HPBW and FB ratio.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a directivity pattern in a horizontal plane according to a conventional example.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a directivity pattern in a horizontal plane according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st metal conductor 2 2nd metal conductor 3 Antenna 3 'antenna element

Claims (2)

水平面内指向性ビーム幅がおよそ１２０゜になる２つの周波数帯域或いは３つの周波数帯域を共振する多周波共用垂直偏波用アンテナに対して、第１の金属導線をアンテナ素子と一定距離だけ離隔してアンテナ素子を中心に主放射方向に関して対称におよそ±９０゜方向の位置に立設すると共に、第１の金属導線とアンテナ素子との間に第１の金属導線より短い第２の金属導線を立設することにより、多周波数帯域の水平面内指向性ビーム幅をおよそ９０゜としたことを特徴とする多周波共用アンテナ。The first metal conductor is separated from the antenna element by a certain distance with respect to a multi-frequency shared vertical polarization antenna that resonates in two frequency bands or three frequency bands in which the directional beam width in the horizontal plane is approximately 120 °. A second metal lead shorter than the first metal lead between the first metal lead and the antenna element while being erected at about ± 90 ° with respect to the main radiation direction about the antenna element. A multi-frequency shared antenna characterized in that the directional beam width in a horizontal plane of a multi-frequency band is set to about 90 ° by being erected. 請求項１に記載される多周波共用アンテナにおいて、
第２の金属導線の長さを最も高い周波数の波長の約半波長の長さに設定したことを特徴とする多周波共用アンテナ。The multi-frequency antenna according to claim 1,
A multi-frequency antenna wherein the length of the second metal conductor is set to about half the wavelength of the wavelength of the highest frequency.
JP2002165140A 2002-06-06 2002-06-06 Multi-frequency antenna Expired - Fee Related JP3719425B2 (en)

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JP3719425B2 JP3719425B2 (en) 2005-11-24

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1675276A1 (en) 2004-12-27 2006-06-28 NTT DoCoMo, Inc. Antenna arrangement comprising dipoles and four metal conductors
KR100653775B1 (en) 2004-05-17 2006-12-05 엘지전자 주식회사 Comport Pet House

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100653775B1 (en) 2004-05-17 2006-12-05 엘지전자 주식회사 Comport Pet House
EP1675276A1 (en) 2004-12-27 2006-06-28 NTT DoCoMo, Inc. Antenna arrangement comprising dipoles and four metal conductors
US7218288B2 (en) 2004-12-27 2007-05-15 Ntt Docomo, Inc. Antenna that uses four metal conductors

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