JP2003331822A - Pressure-sensitive current cutout element and sealed battery using the element - Google Patents
Pressure-sensitive current cutout element and sealed battery using the elementInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003331822A JP2003331822A JP2002135272A JP2002135272A JP2003331822A JP 2003331822 A JP2003331822 A JP 2003331822A JP 2002135272 A JP2002135272 A JP 2002135272A JP 2002135272 A JP2002135272 A JP 2002135272A JP 2003331822 A JP2003331822 A JP 2003331822A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- conductive member
- easily breakable
- outer case
- sensitive current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、或る空間内の圧力
が所定値以上に上昇したのを検知して電流経路の導通部
を遮断する用途などに用いる感圧電流遮断素子およびこ
の感圧電流遮断素子を電池内圧の検知に用いた密閉型電
池に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pressure-sensitive current cutoff element used for detecting a rise in pressure in a certain space above a predetermined value to cut off a conducting portion of a current path, and a pressure-sensitive current cutoff element. The present invention relates to a sealed battery using a current interruption element for detecting the internal pressure of the battery.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、リチウムやリチウム合金もしくは
炭素材料のようリチウムイオンをドープおよび脱ドープ
可能な物質を負極とし、正極にリチウムコバルト複合酸
化物を使用するリチウムイオン二次電池等の非水電解質
二次電池が提案されている。このリチウムイオン二次電
池は、電池電圧が高く、高エネルギ密度を有し、自己放
電も少なく、且つサイクル特性に優れている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, non-aqueous electrolytes for lithium-ion secondary batteries, etc., in which a substance capable of doping and de-doping lithium ions such as lithium, lithium alloys or carbon materials is used as a negative electrode and a lithium cobalt composite oxide is used as a positive electrode. Secondary batteries have been proposed. This lithium-ion secondary battery has a high battery voltage, a high energy density, little self-discharge, and excellent cycle characteristics.
【０００３】ところで、このリチウムイオン二次電池等
は密閉型電池であり、何らかの原因でこの電池内に収容
されている発電要素が化学変化を起こして電池内圧が高
くなり、電池ケースの破壊を生じる場合がある。例え
ば、充電時に所定以上の電気量の電流が流れて過充電状
態となったり、誤使用で短絡状態となって大電流が流れ
たりすると、電解液等が分解されてガスが発生し、それ
に伴って電池内圧が上昇し、最悪の場合には破裂するお
それがある。By the way, the lithium ion secondary battery or the like is a sealed battery, and the power generation element housed in the battery causes a chemical change for some reason to increase the internal pressure of the battery, resulting in destruction of the battery case. There are cases. For example, when a current of a predetermined amount of electricity flows at the time of charging to cause an overcharged state, or if a short circuit occurs due to misuse and a large current flows, the electrolytic solution is decomposed and gas is generated. As a result, the internal pressure of the battery rises, and in the worst case, it may burst.
【０００４】そこで、従来では、発電要素を収容した負
極端子を兼ねる電池ケースの上方部側に安全弁装置を設
けていた。一般的な安全弁装置は、ガスの発生によって
電池内圧が上昇すると、弁体の薄肉部が開裂されて、電
池ケース内に充満したガスをガス抜き孔から外部に排出
するようになっている。ところが、このような安全弁装
置は、ガスの排出によって電池内圧の上昇を抑えること
ができるが、充電電流が流れ続けるために、さらに電池
内の電解液や活物質の分解が進み、それに伴い温度が上
昇し続け、最後に発火に至ってしまうことがある。この
現象は、短絡の場合でも同様に発生する。Therefore, conventionally, a safety valve device is provided on the upper side of the battery case that also serves as the negative electrode terminal that houses the power generation element. In a general safety valve device, when the internal pressure of the battery rises due to the generation of gas, the thin portion of the valve body is cleaved, and the gas filled in the battery case is discharged to the outside through the gas vent hole. However, such a safety valve device can suppress the rise of the internal pressure of the battery due to the discharge of gas, but the charging current continues to flow, so that the decomposition of the electrolytic solution and the active material in the battery further progresses, and the temperature rises accordingly. It keeps rising and may eventually catch fire. This phenomenon also occurs in the case of a short circuit.
【０００５】これに対して、近年では、過充電時や短絡
時に生じる発火や破裂を未然に防止できる感圧電流遮断
素子が提案されている（特開平７−１０５９３２号公報
参照）。この感圧電流遮断素子は、図７に示すように、
フレキシブルな密閉容器１内にフォトリソグラフ法によ
り中央部が１０μｍの幅細に形成されたシリコンウエハ
基板２ａ上に金めっき層２ｂを形成してなる導通体２が
設けられている。フレキシブルな密閉容器１の両側のワ
イヤ取出部１ａ，１ｂから取り出された導線３，４の各
々の一端は、金めっき層２ｂの一端および他端にワイヤ
ボンディングされている。密閉容器１のワイヤ取出部１
ａ，１ｂの外周にリング状金具７を取り付けてかしめ加
工をすることにより、導線３，４とワイヤ取出部１ａ，
１ｂとの封止を行っている。密閉容器１内には、導通体
２の中央部に対向して導通体切断用の突起８が設けられ
ている。On the other hand, in recent years, there has been proposed a pressure-sensitive current cutoff element capable of preventing ignition or rupture caused during overcharge or short circuit (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-105932). As shown in FIG. 7, this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element
In a flexible closed container 1, a conductor 2 is provided by forming a gold plating layer 2b on a silicon wafer substrate 2a having a central portion formed to have a narrow width of 10 μm by a photolithographic method. One end of each of the conductive wires 3 and 4 extracted from the wire extraction portions 1a and 1b on both sides of the flexible closed container 1 is wire-bonded to one end and the other end of the gold plating layer 2b. Wire extraction part 1 of closed container 1
By attaching the ring-shaped metal fitting 7 to the outer periphery of a and 1b and caulking, the conductor wires 3 and 4 and the wire extraction portion 1a,
1b is sealed. A protrusion 8 for cutting a conductor is provided inside the closed container 1 so as to face the center of the conductor 2.
【０００６】上記感圧電流遮断素子は、例えば密閉型電
池に用いた場合、電池内圧が上昇したときに、フレキシ
ブルな密閉容器１が内方に凹む状態に変形することによ
り、この密閉容器１内の突起８が導通体２の中央部を切
断し、充電電流を遮断する。これにより、電池内の過充
電または短絡による異常反応の進度を初期のうちに電流
を遮断して停止させることができ、充電電流または短絡
充電による温度上昇を初期のうちに抑えるように図るこ
とができる。When the pressure-sensitive current cut-off element is used, for example, in a sealed battery, the flexible sealed container 1 is deformed into an inwardly recessed state when the battery internal pressure rises, so that the sealed container 1 The projection 8 cuts the central part of the conductor 2 and interrupts the charging current. As a result, the progress of abnormal reaction due to overcharge or short circuit in the battery can be stopped by cutting off the current in the initial stage, and the temperature rise due to the charging current or short circuit charge can be suppressed within the initial period. it can.
【０００７】上記感圧電流遮断素子とは別に、圧力を検
知して電気回路に流れる電流を遮断する圧力遮断センサ
（特開平９−５５１９９号公報参照）や、圧力破砕型保
護センサ（特開２０００−１２５４９８号公報参照）も
知られている。上記圧力遮断センサは、開口部を有する
絶縁性ケースと、このケースの開口を閉鎖して圧力によ
り変形するパッキンと、このパッキンよりも高弾性でパ
ッキンの変形により押圧されるアクチュエータと、導電
路を有して絶縁性ケース内に収納され、アクチュエータ
による押圧力が所定値を越えたときに導電路を破断する
エレメントとを備えて構成されている。In addition to the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element, a pressure interrupting sensor for detecting pressure and interrupting an electric current flowing in an electric circuit (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-55199) and a pressure crush type protective sensor (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2000). No. 125498) is also known. The pressure cutoff sensor includes an insulating case having an opening, a packing that closes the opening of the case and is deformed by pressure, an actuator that is more elastic than the packing and is pressed by the deformation of the packing, and a conductive path. And an element that is housed in an insulating case and that breaks the conductive path when the pressing force of the actuator exceeds a predetermined value.
【０００８】一方、圧力破砕型保護センサは、電池の封
口体と内部電極板との間の絶縁を図るスペーサに形成さ
れた凹部と、導体部を備えるとともに凹部内に嵌め込ま
れ、凹部内に圧力調整室を形成する破砕板と、スペーサ
にインサート成形され、導体部と電気的に接続される一
対の端子部と、スペーサに貼り合わされて圧力調整室を
密封するフィルムシートとを備えて構成されている。On the other hand, the pressure crush type protection sensor is provided with a recess formed in a spacer for achieving insulation between the sealing body of the battery and the internal electrode plate, and a conductor portion, and is fitted into the recess so that the pressure in the recess is reduced. A crush plate that forms the adjustment chamber, a pair of terminal portions that are insert-molded in the spacer and that are electrically connected to the conductor portion, and a film sheet that is bonded to the spacer to seal the pressure adjustment chamber. There is.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記感
圧電流遮断素子は密閉容器１内に導通体２を設けた構成
になっているから、導通体２を内部に配置してから密閉
容器の内部の気密性を確保するために、溶着やかしめ加
工などの封止手段を設ける必要があり、組立が複雑とな
って密閉容器１の気密性を確保するのが困難であるのに
加えて、電流遮断圧が密閉容器の内部圧力により左右さ
れるから、圧力の検知精度の信頼性が低い。また、破断
する導通体２を構成するシリコンウエハ基板２ａや金め
っき層２ｂは材料が高価であるうえに製造コストも高く
つき、さらに半田付けなどによる接続工法が必要であ
り、コスト高になるという問題がある。However, since the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element has a construction in which the conductor 2 is provided in the closed container 1, the conductor 2 is placed inside the inside of the closed container. In order to ensure the airtightness of the closed container 1, it is necessary to provide a sealing means such as welding or caulking, which complicates the assembly and makes it difficult to ensure the airtightness of the closed container 1. Since the cutoff pressure depends on the internal pressure of the closed container, the pressure detection accuracy is low. In addition, the silicon wafer substrate 2a and the gold plating layer 2b that form the conductor 2 to be broken are expensive in material and expensive to manufacture, and a connection method by soldering or the like is required, resulting in high cost. There's a problem.
【００１０】そこで、本発明は、上記従来の課題に鑑み
てなされたもので、簡素化された構成を有して容易に組
み立てでき、しかも小型化することが容易であり、所定
の圧力により電流経路を確実に遮断できる高い信頼性を
有した感圧電流遮断素子およびその感圧電流遮断素子を
電池内圧の検知に用いた密閉型電池を提供することを目
的とするものである。Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, has a simplified structure, can be easily assembled, and can be easily downsized. It is an object of the present invention to provide a highly reliable pressure-sensitive current interrupt element capable of reliably interrupting a path and a sealed battery using the pressure-sensitive current interrupt element for detecting the battery internal pressure.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、第１の発明に係る感圧電流遮断素子は、多孔性樹脂
またはゴムスポンジなどの弾性部材からなり、外装ケー
ス内に収納されて下面が前記外装ケースの底内面に固着
された圧力検知部材と、前記外装ケース内を貫通する配
置で設けられて前記圧力検知部材の上面に接触されると
ともに、中央部分に薄肉または幅狭に形成された易破断
部の少なくとも両側近傍箇所が前記圧力検知部材に固着
された帯状の導電部材とを備え、外部圧力が所定値以上
となって前記圧力検知部材が収縮変形したときに、前記
導電部材が前記圧力検知部材と一体的に引き下げられる
ことにより、易破断部が開裂するように構成されている
ことを特徴としている。In order to achieve the above object, the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to the first invention is made of an elastic member such as porous resin or rubber sponge and is housed in an outer case. A pressure detecting member having a lower surface fixed to an inner surface of the bottom of the outer case, and a pressure detecting member arranged so as to penetrate through the outer case and contacting an upper surface of the pressure detecting member, and formed thin or narrow in a central portion. A strip-shaped conductive member fixed to the pressure detecting member at least near both sides of the easily breakable portion, and when the external pressure exceeds a predetermined value and the pressure detecting member contracts and deforms, the conductive member Is configured so that the easily breakable portion is split by being pulled down integrally with the pressure detecting member.
【００１２】この感圧電流遮断素子では、圧力が所定値
以上になったときに易破断部が開裂されて電流経路を確
実に遮断する顕著な機能を有しているが、外部圧力に対
応して収縮変形する多孔性樹脂やゴムスポンジなどの弾
性部材を圧力検知部材として用いていることから、導電
部材の易破断部を外装ケースに内包する構造でありなが
ら、外装ケースに気密性が要求されず、また、導電部材
は金属板を打ち抜き加工した帯状のものでよく、この導
電部材の一部を圧力検知部材に接着するだけの極めて簡
素化された構成とできる。そのため、この感圧電流遮断
素子では、従来素子のような密閉容器の内部の気密性を
確保するための溶着やかしめ加工などの封止手段、シリ
コンウエハ基板や金めっき層などの高価な材料および半
田付けなどの接続工法などを必要とする構成に比較し
て、大幅なコストダウンを達成することが可能となる。This pressure-sensitive current cutoff element has a remarkable function of reliably breaking the current path by opening the easily breakable portion when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value. Since an elastic member such as a porous resin or rubber sponge that contracts and deforms due to shrinkage is used as the pressure sensing member, the outer case requires airtightness even though the easily breakable part of the conductive member is included in the outer case. Alternatively, the conductive member may be a band-shaped member obtained by punching out a metal plate, and a very simplified structure can be achieved by simply adhering a part of this conductive member to the pressure detection member. Therefore, in this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, sealing means such as welding and caulking for securing the airtightness of the inside of the hermetic container such as the conventional element, expensive materials such as a silicon wafer substrate and a gold plating layer, and It is possible to achieve a significant cost reduction as compared with a configuration that requires a connection construction method such as soldering.
【００１３】上記第１の発明において、導電部材におけ
る外装ケース内に収納されている箇所に、側方に延びる
係合片部が突設され、収縮変形する圧力検知部材と一体
的に前記導電部材が引き下げられるときに、前記係合片
部に対し、これの下方への通過を許容したのち前記上面
に当接して上昇を阻止する係止片が、前記外装ケースの
内面に突設されていることが好ましい。In the first aspect of the present invention, a laterally extending engaging piece portion is provided at a portion of the conductive member housed in the outer case, and the conductive member is integrated with the pressure detecting member that contracts and deforms. When the is pulled down, a locking piece that allows the engaging piece portion to pass downward and then contacts the upper surface to prevent the engagement piece from rising is provided on the inner surface of the outer case so as to project. It is preferable.
【００１４】この構成によれば、外部圧力が所定値以下
に戻って圧力検知部材が元の状態に復帰しようとしたと
きには、易破断部の開裂によって中央で二つに分離され
た導電部材が圧力検知部材によって押し上げられるが、
係合片部の上面が係止片に当接して上昇を阻止されてい
るので、易破断部の開裂によって二つに分離された導電
部材が元の位置に復帰して接触することによる導電部材
の再導通が確実に防止される。According to this structure, when the external pressure returns to a predetermined value or less and the pressure detecting member tries to return to the original state, the conductive member separated into two at the center by the rupture of the easily breakable portion is pressed. It is pushed up by the detection member,
Since the upper surface of the engaging piece portion abuts against the engaging piece and is prevented from rising, the conductive member separated by the tearing of the easily breakable portion returns to its original position and comes into contact with the conductive member. Is surely prevented from being re-conducted.
【００１５】第２の発明に係る感圧電流遮断素子は、多
孔性樹脂またはゴムスポンジなどの弾性部材からなり、
外装ケース内に収納された圧力検知部材と、薄肉または
幅狭の易破断部が中央部分に形成されて前記外装ケース
内を貫通する配置で設けられ、少なくとも前記易破断部
が前記圧力検知部材の上面に接触された帯状の導電部材
と、前記導電部材における前記易破断部の周辺箇所に当
てがわれた絶縁当接部材と、支持部が前記外装ケースの
内面に固定され、作用部が前記絶縁当接部材を介して前
記導電部材に付勢力を付与するように配設された弾性加
圧部材とを備え、外部圧力が所定値以上となって前記圧
力検知部材が収縮変形したときに、前記易破断部が、前
記弾性加圧部材の付勢力によって前記圧力検知部材に押
し付けられた状態を保持しながら押し下げられて開裂す
るように構成されていることを特徴としている。The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to the second invention is made of an elastic member such as porous resin or rubber sponge,
A pressure detection member housed in the outer case, and a thin or narrow easily breakable portion is formed in the central portion and is provided in an arrangement penetrating through the outer case, at least the easily breakable portion of the pressure detecting member. A belt-shaped conductive member that is in contact with the upper surface, an insulating contact member that is applied to a peripheral portion of the easily breakable portion of the conductive member, a support portion is fixed to the inner surface of the outer case, and the action portion is the insulating portion. An elastic pressure member disposed so as to apply a biasing force to the conductive member via an abutting member, and when the external pressure exceeds a predetermined value and the pressure detection member contracts and deforms, The easily breakable portion is configured to be pushed down and split while maintaining a state in which it is pressed against the pressure detection member by the urging force of the elastic pressure member.
【００１６】この感圧電流遮断素子では、第１の発明の
感圧電流遮断素子と同様の効果を得られるのに加えて、
弾性加圧部材を有していることから、圧力検知部材の下
面は外装ケースの底内面に接着する必要がなく、導電部
材も圧力検知部材の上面に接着する必要がなく、圧力検
知部材および導電部材を外装ケース内に挿入すればよい
から、組立性が一層向上する。With this pressure-sensitive current interrupting element, in addition to obtaining the same effect as the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element of the first invention,
Since the elastic pressure member is provided, the lower surface of the pressure detecting member does not need to adhere to the inner surface of the bottom of the outer case, and the conductive member does not need to adhere to the upper surface of the pressure detecting member. Since the member may be inserted into the outer case, the assemblability is further improved.
【００１７】上記第２の発明において、絶縁当接部材
に、圧力検知部材の収縮変形時に開裂される易破断部の
分離箇所に弾性加圧部材の付勢力を受けて入り込んだの
ち、前記分離箇所に抜け止め状態に係合する抜け止め部
が形成されている構成とすることが好ましい。この構成
にれば、弾性加圧部材を設けた構成においても、外部圧
力が所定値以下に戻って圧力検知部材が元の状態に復帰
しようとしたときに、易破断部の開裂によって二つに分
離された導電部材が元の位置に復帰して接触することに
よる導電部材の再導通が確実に防止される。In the second aspect of the present invention, the insulating contact member enters the separation portion of the easily breakable portion which is cleaved when the pressure detection member is contracted and deformed by receiving the biasing force of the elastic pressure member, and then the separation portion. It is preferable that a retaining portion is formed so as to engage with the retaining state. According to this configuration, even in the configuration in which the elastic pressure member is provided, when the external pressure returns to the predetermined value or less and the pressure detection member tries to return to the original state, the easily breakable portion is split to split the pressure into two. Re-conduction of the conductive member due to the separated conductive member returning to the original position and coming into contact therewith is reliably prevented.
【００１８】また、上記第２の発明において、絶縁当接
部材の両端部に、斜面を有するガイド突部がそれぞれ形
成され、外装ケースに、収縮変形する圧力検知部材によ
り導電部材が引き下げられるときに、前記絶縁当接部材
の両端部に対し、前記ガイド突部によって下方への通過
を許容したのち前記両端部の上面に当接して上昇を阻止
する係止突部が内面に形成されている構成とすることも
できる。この構成によれば、弾性加圧部材を設けた構成
においても、外部圧力が所定値以下に戻って圧力検知部
材が元の状態に復帰しようとしたときに、易破断部の開
裂によって二つに分離された導電部材が元の位置に復帰
して接触することによる導電部材の再導通が確実に防止
される。In the second aspect of the present invention, guide projections having inclined surfaces are formed at both ends of the insulating contact member, and when the conductive member is pulled down by the pressure detecting member that contracts and deforms in the outer case. A structure in which locking projections are formed on the inner surfaces of both ends of the insulating abutting member to allow the guide projections to pass downward and then come into contact with the upper surfaces of the both ends to prevent rising. Can also be According to this configuration, even when the elastic pressure member is provided, when the external pressure returns to the predetermined value or less and the pressure detection member tries to return to the original state, the easily breakable portion is split into two. Re-conduction of the conductive member due to the separated conductive member returning to the original position and coming into contact therewith is reliably prevented.
【００１９】上記各発明において、圧力検知部材は、独
立気泡を有する多孔性樹脂またはゴムスポンジにより構
成されていることが好ましい。これによれば、圧力検知
部材として用いている独立気泡を有する多孔性樹脂また
はゴムスポンジは、外部圧力から受ける等方加圧に対応
して正確、且つ確実に収縮変形するので、圧力が所定値
以上になった時に導電部材の易破断部を自動的に開裂し
て電流を確実に遮断することができる。In each of the above inventions, the pressure detecting member is preferably made of a porous resin or rubber sponge having closed cells. According to this, since the porous resin or the rubber sponge having the closed cells used as the pressure detecting member contracts and deforms accurately and surely in response to the isotropic pressurization from the external pressure, the pressure is a predetermined value. When the above is reached, the easily breakable portion of the conductive member can be automatically cleaved to reliably interrupt the current.
【００２０】上記各発明において、外装ケースは、下ケ
ースと上ケースとが、これらの一方に設けられた掛止片
の掛止孔に他方に設けられた係止爪を嵌め入れることに
よって互いに合体されたものとすることができる。これ
により、外装ケースは、気密性を要求されないことか
ら、下ケースと上ケースとを、これらの間に導電部材を
挟み込む状態で簡単な連結手段により相互に合体するこ
とができ、組立性が格段に向上する。In each of the above inventions, the lower case and the upper case are united with each other by fitting the engaging claws provided on the other side into the engaging holes of the engaging pieces provided on one side of the outer case. It can be done. As a result, since the outer case is not required to be airtight, the lower case and the upper case can be combined with each other by a simple connecting means with the conductive member sandwiched between them, and the assemblability is significantly improved. Improve to.
【００２１】上記第２の発明において、圧力検知部材を
収縮変形させるための外部圧力は、前記圧力検知部材の
材質、寸法、体積および多孔度と弾性加圧部材の付勢力
とに基づいて設定されていることが好ましい。これによ
り、電流遮断圧を任意の値に設定することが可能とな
る。In the second aspect of the invention, the external pressure for contracting and deforming the pressure detecting member is set based on the material, size, volume and porosity of the pressure detecting member and the biasing force of the elastic pressure member. Preferably. This makes it possible to set the current cutoff pressure to an arbitrary value.
【００２２】第３の発明に係る感圧電流遮断素子は、体
積中に占める割合が８０％以上の単一気泡を有する圧力
検知部材と、両端の接続部が前記圧力検知部材の側方に
突出する配置で前記圧力検知部材の一面に接触され、中
央部に薄肉または幅狭に形成された易破断部の少なくと
も両端近傍箇所が前記一面に固定された帯状の導電部材
とを備えて構成されていることを特徴としている。In the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to the third aspect of the present invention, the pressure detecting member having a single bubble occupying 80% or more of the volume, and the connecting portions at both ends project to the side of the pressure detecting member. Is arranged in contact with one surface of the pressure detecting member, at least near both ends of the easily breakable portion formed thin or narrow in the central portion is provided with a belt-shaped conductive member fixed to the one surface. It is characterized by being.
【００２３】この感圧電流遮断素子では、圧力が所定値
以上になったときに易破断部が開裂されて電流経路を確
実に遮断することができる機能を備えながらも、極めて
簡単な構成であることから、大幅なコストダウンを達成
することができる。This pressure-sensitive current cutoff element has an extremely simple structure while having a function of reliably breaking the current path by opening the easily breakable portion when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value. Therefore, a significant cost reduction can be achieved.
【００２４】本発明に係る密閉型電池は、一方極を兼ね
る有底筒状の電池ケース内に、発電要素が収納され、前
記電池ケースの開口部が、他方極を兼ねる封口体で密閉
され、前記発電要素に設けられた一方極または他方極の
集電体と前記電池ケースまたは前記封口体とが、上記各
発明のうちの何れかの感圧電流遮断素子における導電部
材の一端および他端の接続部にそれぞれ接続されている
ことを特徴としている。In the sealed battery according to the present invention, a power generating element is housed in a bottomed cylindrical battery case that also serves as one pole, and the opening of the battery case is sealed with a sealing body that also serves as the other pole. The current collector of one pole or the other pole provided in the power generating element and the battery case or the sealing body, one end and the other end of the conductive member in the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element of any of the above inventions. It is characterized in that each is connected to the connecting portion.
【００２５】この密閉型電池では、過充電または短絡な
どにより電池ケース内の電池内圧が上昇して所定値以上
に達したときに、圧力検知部材が収縮変形することによ
り、導電部材の易破断部が開裂されて、充電電流などが
自動的に遮断される。そのため、過充電や短絡などによ
る異常反応の進度を、初期のうちに電流を遮断して停止
させることができるため、充電電流または短絡充電によ
る温度上昇を初期のうちに抑えることができ、発火や破
裂あるいは電解液の漏出を確実に防止することができ
る。In this sealed battery, when the internal pressure of the battery in the battery case rises to a predetermined value or more due to overcharging or short circuit, the pressure detecting member contracts and deforms, so that the easily breakable portion of the conductive member. Is cleaved and the charging current is automatically cut off. Therefore, the progress of abnormal reaction due to overcharge, short circuit, etc. can be stopped by cutting off the current in the initial stage, so that the temperature rise due to the charging current or short circuit charge can be suppressed in the early stage, and ignition or It is possible to reliably prevent the explosion or the leakage of the electrolytic solution.
【００２６】[0026]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の好ましい実施の形
態について図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。図１は本
発明の第１の実施の形態に係る感圧電流遮断素子を示す
分解斜視図、図２（ａ）〜（ｃ）はその感圧電流遮断素
子の通常時の縦断面図、圧力検知により電流遮断した状
態の縦断面図および（ｂ）のＡ−Ａ線断面図をそれぞれ
示す。この感圧電流遮断素子は、合成樹脂製の下ケース
１０と上ケース１１とを合体して外装ケース９が構成さ
れている。下ケース１０内には、直方体の発泡樹脂から
なる圧力検知部材１２が収納されている。この圧力検知
部材１２は、図２に模式的に示すように、独立気泡１２
ａを有する発泡樹脂からなり、体積に占める独立気泡１
２ａの割合は４０〜５０％である。この圧力検知部材１
２の下面は下ケース１０の底内面に接着剤１７で接着さ
れている。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a pressure-sensitive current interrupting element according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2C are vertical sectional views of the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element in a normal state and pressure. The vertical cross-sectional view and the cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. In this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, an outer case 9 is configured by combining a lower case 10 and an upper case 11 made of synthetic resin. A pressure detection member 12 made of a rectangular parallelepiped foamed resin is housed in the lower case 10. This pressure detection member 12 is, as schematically shown in FIG.
Closed cell 1 consisting of foamed resin having a
The ratio of 2a is 40 to 50%. This pressure detection member 1
The lower surface of 2 is adhered to the inner surface of the bottom of the lower case 10 with an adhesive 17.
【００２７】上記外装ケース９内に貫通させて取り付け
られる導電部材１３は、プレス加工されたアルミニウム
板材を打ち抜き加工して形成された安価なものであり、
中央部の最も幅の狭い受圧部１３ａから両側に向かって
順次幅が大きい取付部１３ｂおよび接続部１３ｃが形成
されており、受圧部１３ａの中央部に薄肉の易破断部１
３ｄが形成され、一方の取付部１３ｂに、直交する両方
向へ延出する一対の係合片部１３ｅが設けられている。
上記導電部材１３は、図１に矢印で示すように、両側の
取付部１３ｂが、下ケース１０の対向する両側の側板部
上面に形成された取付溝１８に嵌め入れられて、下ケー
ス１０と上ケース１１とで挟持固定されている。受圧部
１３ａの下面における易破断部１３ｄを除く部分は圧力
検知部材１２の上面に接着剤１７で接着されている。The conductive member 13 penetrating and mounted in the outer case 9 is an inexpensive member formed by punching a pressed aluminum plate material,
A mounting portion 13b and a connecting portion 13c having a larger width are formed from the narrowest pressure receiving portion 13a in the central portion toward both sides, and the thin easily breakable portion 1 is formed in the central portion of the pressure receiving portion 13a.
3d is formed, and one mounting portion 13b is provided with a pair of engaging piece portions 13e extending in both orthogonal directions.
As shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, the conductive member 13 has the mounting portions 13b on both sides fitted into the mounting grooves 18 formed on the upper surfaces of the side plate portions on both sides of the lower case 10 which are opposed to each other. It is clamped and fixed to the upper case 11. A portion of the lower surface of the pressure receiving portion 13a excluding the easily breakable portion 13d is adhered to the upper surface of the pressure detecting member 12 with an adhesive 17.
【００２８】下ケース１０における導電部材１３に対し
相対向する両側内面には、一対の係止片１９が導電部材
１３の両係合片部１３ｅに対向して一体に突設されてい
る。この両係止片１９の各々の両側箇所には、下ケース
１０の上端面から係止片１９より下方の位置まで垂直に
延びる切欠き２０がそれぞれ形成されて、その各一対の
切欠き２０の間が、内外方向へ僅かに屈撓可能な弾性を
付与された逃げ片部２１となっている。A pair of locking pieces 19 are integrally projectingly provided on both inner surfaces of the lower case 10 facing the conductive member 13 so as to face both engaging piece portions 13e of the conductive member 13. Notches 20 extending vertically from the upper end surface of the lower case 10 to a position below the locking pieces 19 are formed at both sides of the locking pieces 19, respectively. The space is an escape piece portion 21 provided with elasticity that allows it to flex slightly inward and outward.
【００２９】下ケース１０と上ケース１１とは、下ケー
ス１０の対向する両側板の外面にそれぞれ２個ずつ設け
られた係止爪２２を、上ケース１１の対向する両側板の
外面にそれぞれ２個ずつ設けられた掛止片２３の掛止孔
２４に嵌め入れることによって、相互に合体されて外装
ケース９を構成する。したがって、この外装ケース９
は、単なる容器状であって、従来の感圧電流遮断素子に
用いられている密閉容器のような気密性を有するもので
はなく、極めて安価に構成できるとともに、容易に組み
立てることができる。The lower case 10 and the upper case 11 each have two locking claws 22 provided on the outer surfaces of the opposite side plates of the lower case 10, and two locking claws 22 provided on the outer surfaces of the opposite side plates of the upper case 11, respectively. The outer case 9 is configured by being fitted into each other by being fitted into the hanging holes 24 of the hanging pieces 23 provided individually. Therefore, this outer case 9
Is a simple container, does not have airtightness like a closed container used in a conventional pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, and can be constructed at extremely low cost and can be easily assembled.
【００３０】上記感圧電流遮断素子は、導電部材１３に
おける外装ケース９の外方に導出された一対の接続部１
３ｃを、圧力の検知により自動的に遮断すべき電流経路
に接続した状態で、圧力を検知すべき空間に配置され
る。その空間の圧力が所定値以下である場合には、図２
（ａ）に示すように、圧力検知部材１２が通常の形状を
保持し、この圧力検知部材１２に受圧部１３ａを接着さ
れている導電部材１３は、水平の配置状態に保持され
る。The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element is composed of a pair of connecting portions 1 extending outside the outer case 9 in the conductive member 13.
3c is placed in a space where pressure should be detected, with 3c being connected to a current path that should be automatically shut off by detecting pressure. If the pressure in the space is below a predetermined value,
As shown in (a), the pressure detecting member 12 holds a normal shape, and the conductive member 13 having the pressure receiving portion 13a bonded to the pressure detecting member 12 is held in a horizontal arrangement state.
【００３１】そして、上記感圧電流遮断素子が配置され
ている空間の圧力が所定値以上に上昇した場合には、図
２（ｂ）に示すように、その所定値以上の圧力を受けた
圧力検知部材１２である発泡樹脂が、独立気泡の総体積
分だけ全体の体積が減少する状態に収縮変形する。この
とき、圧力検知部材１２は、その下面を下ケース１０に
接着されていることによって下ケース１０からの浮き上
がりを防止されているから、下ケース１０の底内面に向
けて収縮変形して、その上面に接着されている導電部材
１３の受圧部１３ａにおける易破断部１３ｄの両側部分
を下方に引き下げるように作用するので、易破断部１３
ｄが開裂される。これにより、導電部材１３が介挿接続
された電流経路は遮断されることになる。When the pressure in the space in which the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element is arranged rises above a predetermined value, as shown in FIG. The foamed resin that is the detection member 12 contracts and deforms to a state in which the total volume decreases by the total volume of the closed cells. At this time, since the lower surface of the pressure detection member 12 is adhered to the lower case 10 to prevent the pressure detection member 12 from rising from the lower case 10, the pressure detection member 12 contracts and deforms toward the inner surface of the bottom of the lower case 10, The pressure-sensitive portion 13a of the conductive member 13 adhered to the upper surface acts so as to pull down both side portions of the easy-breakable portion 13d, so that the easy-breakable portion 13
d is cleaved. As a result, the current path to which the conductive member 13 is inserted and connected is cut off.
【００３２】導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａが圧力検知部
材１２によって引き下げられるときには、これと一体に
引き下げられる一対の係合片部１３ｅが、下ケース１０
の対向する係止片１９に当接したのち、この両係止片１
９を外方に押圧して逃げ片部２１を外方に撓ませながら
係止片１９の下方に入り込む。係止片１９は、係合片部
１３ｅが下方へ向け通り過ぎたときに、自体の復元力で
元の状態に復帰して、係止片１９に対し上方位置で係合
する。したがって、図２（ｃ）に示すように、外部圧力
が所定値以下に戻って圧力検知部材１２が元の状態に復
帰しようとしたときには、易破断部１３ｄの開裂によっ
て中央で二つに分離された導電部材１３が圧力検知部材
１２によって押し上げられるが、一対の係合片部１３ｅ
が係止片１９の下面に当接して上昇を阻止されているの
で、導電部材１３の特に二つに分離された受圧部１３ａ
が押し下げられた位置に止められる。これにより、易破
断部１３ｄの開裂によって二つに分離された受圧部１３
ａが元の位置に復帰して接触することによる導電部材１
３の再導通が確実に防止される。When the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13 is pulled down by the pressure detecting member 12, a pair of engaging piece portions 13e which are pulled down integrally with the pressure detecting member 12 are provided in the lower case 10.
After abutting against the opposing locking pieces 19 of the
9 is pushed outward to bend the escape piece 21 outward, and then it enters below the locking piece 19. When the engaging piece portion 13e passes downward, the locking piece 19 returns to its original state by the restoring force of itself and engages with the locking piece 19 at the upper position. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2C, when the external pressure returns to a predetermined value or less and the pressure detection member 12 tries to return to the original state, the easy breakable portion 13d is split and separated into two at the center. The conductive member 13 is pushed up by the pressure detecting member 12, but the pair of engaging piece portions 13e
Is abutted against the lower surface of the locking piece 19 and is prevented from rising, so that the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13 is divided into two parts.
Is stopped in the depressed position. As a result, the pressure receiving portion 13 separated into two by the cleavage of the easily breakable portion 13d.
Conductive member 1 when a returns to its original position and contacts
Re-conduction of 3 is reliably prevented.
【００３３】上記感圧電流遮断素子は、上述のように圧
力が所定値以上になったときに易破断部１３ｄが開裂さ
れて電流経路を確実に遮断する顕著な機能を有している
が、その構成は極めて簡素化されたものであり、安価で
少ない材料を容易な組立性で簡単に構成することができ
る。すなわち、上記感圧電流遮断素子は、外部圧力に対
応して収縮変形する発泡樹脂を圧力検知部材１２として
用いていることから、導電部材１３の易破断部１３ｄを
外装ケース９に内包する構造でありながら、外装ケース
９に気密性が要求されず、また、導電部材１３はアルミ
ニウム板を打ち抜き加工しただけのものでよく、この導
電部材１３の一部を圧力検知部材１２に接着するだけの
極めて簡素化された構成とできる。The pressure-sensitive current interrupting element has a remarkable function of reliably interrupting the current path by opening the easily breakable portion 13d when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value as described above. The structure is extremely simplified, and it is possible to easily construct inexpensive and few materials with easy assembling. That is, since the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element uses the foamed resin that contracts and deforms in response to the external pressure as the pressure detection member 12, the easily breakable portion 13d of the conductive member 13 is enclosed in the outer case 9. However, the outer case 9 is not required to be airtight, and the conductive member 13 may be formed by punching an aluminum plate, and the conductive member 13 may be bonded to the pressure detection member 12 by a part. It is possible to have a simplified configuration.
【００３４】そのため、この感圧電流遮断素子では、従
来素子のような密閉容器の内部の気密性を確保するため
の溶着やかしめ加工などの封止手段、シリコンウエハ基
板や金めっき層などの高価な材料および半田付けなどの
接続工法などを必要とする個性に比較して、大幅なコス
トダウンを達成することが可能となる。しかも、圧力検
知部材１２として用いている独立気泡１２ａを有する発
泡樹脂は、例えば連続気泡を有するものに比較して、外
部圧力から受ける等方加圧に対応して正確、且つ確実に
収縮変形するので、圧力が所定値以上になった時に導電
部材１３の易破断部１３ｄを自動的に開裂して電流を確
実に遮断することができる。それに加えて、この感圧電
流遮断素子は、圧力が所定値以下に戻ったときの導電部
材１３の復帰防止手段を備え、さらに、構成の簡素化に
伴う作動の信頼性の向上および高い耐久性を併せて得る
ことができる。Therefore, in this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, a sealing means such as welding or caulking for securing the airtightness of the inside of the hermetic container such as the conventional element, a silicon wafer substrate and a gold plating layer are expensive. It is possible to achieve a significant cost reduction in comparison with the individuality that requires various materials and connection methods such as soldering. In addition, the foamed resin having the closed cells 12a used as the pressure detecting member 12 shrinks and deforms more accurately and surely in response to the isotropic pressurization from the external pressure, as compared with, for example, a resin having open cells. Therefore, when the pressure becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the easily breakable portion 13d of the conductive member 13 can be automatically cleaved to reliably cut off the current. In addition to this, this pressure-sensitive current interrupting element is provided with means for preventing the conductive member 13 from returning when the pressure returns to a predetermined value or less, and further, the operation reliability is improved and the durability is high due to the simplification of the configuration. Can be obtained together.
【００３５】図３（ａ），（ｂ）はそれぞれ本発明の第
２の実施の形態に係る感圧電流遮断素子を示す通常状態
時および圧力検知による作動時の縦断面図である。同図
において、図１および図２と同一若しくは同等のものに
は同一の符号を付して、重複する説明を省略する。この
実施の形態の感圧電流遮断素子は、導電部材１３の中央
部上面に易破断部１３ｄが形成されており、この易破断
部１３ｄに、合成樹脂からなる絶縁当接部材２７の本体
部２７ａから突設された抜け止め部２７ｂの先端の矢尻
形状部分が嵌め込まれている。FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are longitudinal sectional views showing a pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a normal state and during operation by pressure detection. In the figure, the same or equivalent parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the duplicated description will be omitted. In the pressure-sensitive current interrupt element of this embodiment, an easily breakable portion 13d is formed on the upper surface of the central portion of the conductive member 13, and the easily breakable portion 13d has a main body portion 27a of the insulating contact member 27 made of synthetic resin. The arrowhead-shaped portion at the tip of the retaining portion 27b protruding from is fitted.
【００３６】上記絶縁当接部材２７は、支持部３８ｓが
上ケース１１の天面に接着剤１７で接着固定された板ば
ねからなる弾性加圧部材２８の作用部２８ｂにより導電
部材１３に押し付けられる方向に付勢されている。この
弾性加圧部材２８は、圧力検知部材１２が収縮変形しな
い所定圧力以下の場合に易破断部１３ｄを開裂させない
付勢力に調整されている。すなわち、弾性加圧部材２８
は、導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａを圧力検知部材１２の
上面に押し付けて、収縮変形したときの圧力検知部材１
２の浮き上がりを阻止して受圧部１３ａを収縮変形する
圧力検知部材１２の上面に接した状態で押し下げること
ができる程度のばね力に設定されている。したがって、
この実施の形態では、上記弾性加圧部材２８を有してい
ることから、圧力検知部材１２の下面は下ケース１０の
底内面に接着されておらず、導電部材１３の受圧部１３
ａも圧力検知部材１２の上面に接着されていない。The insulating contact member 27 is pressed against the conductive member 13 by the acting portion 28b of the elastic pressure member 28, which is a leaf spring having the supporting portion 38s adhered and fixed to the top surface of the upper case 11 by the adhesive 17. Biased in the direction. The elastic pressurizing member 28 is adjusted to have a biasing force that does not cause the easily breakable portion 13d to be cleaved when the pressure detecting member 12 has a predetermined pressure or less at which it does not contract and deform. That is, the elastic pressure member 28
Is the pressure detecting member 1 when the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13 is pressed against the upper surface of the pressure detecting member 12 and contracted and deformed.
The spring force is set to such an extent that it can be pushed down in a state of being in contact with the upper surface of the pressure detection member 12 that contracts and deforms the pressure receiving portion 13a by preventing the floating of the pressure receiving portion 13a. Therefore,
In this embodiment, since the elastic pressure member 28 is provided, the lower surface of the pressure detection member 12 is not adhered to the inner surface of the bottom of the lower case 10, and the pressure receiving portion 13 of the conductive member 13 is provided.
Also a is not adhered to the upper surface of the pressure detection member 12.
【００３７】絶縁当接部材２７は、本体部２７ａの両端
部から抜け止め部２７ｂと平行に突設された一対の支持
片部２７ｃを有しており、この一対の支持片部２７ｃ
は、導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａの上面縁部に当接され
て、本体部２７ａを水平配置に保持しているが、圧力検
知部材１２が収縮変形して易破断部１３ｄが開裂したと
きに受圧部１３ａから容易に外れる位置に当接されてい
る。また、この感圧電流遮断素子は、抜け止め部２７ｂ
を有する絶縁当接部材２７を備えていることから、第１
の実施の形態で設けた導電部材１３の一対の係合片部１
３ｅおよび下ケース１０の一対の係止片１９が削除され
ている。The insulating contact member 27 has a pair of support piece portions 27c projecting from both ends of the main body portion 27a in parallel with the retaining portions 27b, and the pair of support piece portions 27c.
Holds the main body portion 27a in a horizontal arrangement by abutting on the upper edge of the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13, but when the pressure detecting member 12 contracts and deforms and the easily breakable portion 13d tears. It is in contact with a position where it is easily separated from the pressure receiving portion 13a. In addition, this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element has a retaining portion 27b.
Since the insulating contact member 27 having
Pair of engaging piece portions 1 of the conductive member 13 provided in the embodiment of
3e and the pair of locking pieces 19 of the lower case 10 are deleted.
【００３８】この実施の形態の感圧電流遮断素子は、第
１の実施の形態のものとほぼ同様に作用する。すなわ
ち、空間の圧力が所定値以上に上昇した場合には、図
（ｂ）に示すように、その所定値以上の圧力を受けた圧
力検知部材１２である発泡樹脂が収縮変形する。このと
き、圧力検知部材１２は、絶縁当接部材２７および導電
部材１３の受圧部１３ａを介して付勢力を付与されてい
ることから、下ケース１０の底内面に向けて収縮変形
し、導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａは、絶縁当接部材２７
を介し弾性加圧部材２８の付勢力を受けて、収縮変形す
る圧力検知部材１２の上面に押し付けられた状態を保持
しながら押し下げられるから、易破断部１３ｄが開裂さ
れる。これにより、導電部材１３が介挿接続された電流
経路は遮断されることになる。The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element of this embodiment operates in substantially the same manner as that of the first embodiment. That is, when the pressure in the space rises above the predetermined value, the foamed resin, which is the pressure detection member 12 that has received the pressure above the predetermined value, contracts and deforms, as shown in FIG. At this time, since the pressure detecting member 12 is biased via the insulating contact member 27 and the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13, the pressure detecting member 12 contracts and deforms toward the inner surface of the bottom of the lower case 10, and the conductive member. The pressure receiving portion 13a of 13 is an insulating contact member 27.
The elastically pressing member 28 receives the urging force via the elastic pressing member 28 and is pushed down while maintaining the state of being pressed against the upper surface of the pressure detecting member 12 that contracts and deforms, so that the easily breakable portion 13d is torn. As a result, the current path to which the conductive member 13 is inserted and connected is cut off.
【００３９】導電部材１３の易破断部１３ｄに当接され
ている絶縁当接部材２７の抜け止め部２７ｂは、易破断
部１３ｄが開裂して二つに分離された受圧部１３ａの間
に入り込む。したがって、外部圧力が所定値以下に戻っ
て圧力検知部材１２が元の状態に復帰しようとしたとき
には、矢尻形状の抜け止め部２７ｂが二つの受圧部１３
ａによって抜け止めされるから、易破断部１３ｄの開裂
によって二つに分離された受圧部１３ａが元に位置に復
帰して接触することによる導電部材１３の再導通が確実
に防止される。The retaining portion 27b of the insulating contact member 27, which is in contact with the easily breakable portion 13d of the conductive member 13, is inserted between the pressure receiving portions 13a which are separated by splitting the easily breakable portion 13d. . Therefore, when the external pressure returns to a predetermined value or less and the pressure detection member 12 tries to return to the original state, the arrow-shaped retaining portion 27b has the two pressure receiving portions 13.
Since it is prevented from coming off by a, the re-conduction of the conductive member 13 due to the pressure receiving portion 13a separated into two due to the breakage of the easily breakable portion 13d returning to the original position and contacting is surely prevented.
【００４０】この実施の形態の感圧電流遮断素子は、第
１の実施の形態と同様に、圧力が所定値以上になったと
きに易破断部１３ａが開裂されて電流経路を確実に遮断
することができ、簡素化された構成として大幅なコスト
ダウンを達成することが可能であり、高い信頼性を有す
る効果を得ることができる。また、上ケース１１が下ケ
ース１０に結合されたときには、弾性加圧部材２８が撓
められて、その復元力によって所定の付勢力を絶縁当接
部材２７を介し導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａに付与す
る。In the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element of this embodiment, the easily breakable portion 13a is cleaved when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value to surely cut off the current path, as in the first embodiment. It is possible to achieve a significant cost reduction as a simplified structure, and it is possible to obtain an effect having high reliability. Further, when the upper case 11 is coupled to the lower case 10, the elastic pressing member 28 is bent, and a predetermined biasing force is applied to the pressure receiving portion 13 a of the conductive member 13 via the insulating contact member 27 by the restoring force thereof. Give.
【００４１】さらに、この感圧電流遮断素子では、弾性
加圧部材２８を備えていることから、圧力検知部材１２
である発泡樹脂の材質および独立気泡１２ａの体積に占
める割合と弾性加圧部材２８のばね力とを調整すること
により、圧力検知部材１２が収縮変形する外部圧力であ
る電流遮断圧を任意の値に設定することができる大きな
利点もある。Further, since the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element is provided with the elastic pressing member 28, the pressure detecting member 12 is provided.
By adjusting the material of the foamed resin, the ratio of the closed cells 12a to the volume, and the spring force of the elastic pressure member 28, the current cutoff pressure, which is the external pressure at which the pressure detection member 12 contracts and deforms, is set to an arbitrary value. There is also a great advantage that can be set to.
【００４２】図４（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の第３の実施
の形態に係る感圧電流遮断素子を示す通常時の縦断面
図、圧力検知により電流遮断した状態の縦断面図および
（ｂ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。同図において、図３と
同一若しくは同等のものは同一の符号を付して、重複す
る説明を省略する。この実施の形態の電流遮断素子が第
２の実施の形態のものと相違するのは、圧力検知部材１
２が収縮変形したあとの導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａの
復帰防止手段が異なるのみである。FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c) are vertical sectional views in a normal state showing a pressure-sensitive current interrupting element according to a third embodiment of the present invention, a vertical sectional view showing a state in which the current is interrupted by pressure detection, and It is a BB line sectional view of (b). In the figure, parts that are the same as or equivalent to those in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations are omitted. The current cutoff element of this embodiment differs from that of the second embodiment in that the pressure detection member 1
The only difference is the means for preventing the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13 from recovering after the contraction and deformation of the member 2.
【００４３】すなわち、絶縁当接部材２９は、下ケース
１０の対向対面の各近傍まで延びる長さを有する帯状の
平板部２９の両端部下面にガイド突部２９ｂが突設さ
れ、下ケース１０の対向内面に、第１の実施の形態とほ
ぼ同様の逃げ片部３０とこの逃げ片部３０の内面に形成
された係止突部３１とを有している。係止突部３１は、
第１の実施の形態の係止片１９よりも僅かに短い長さを
有している。That is, in the insulating contact member 29, the guide projections 29b are provided on the lower surfaces of both ends of the strip-shaped flat plate portion 29 having a length extending to the vicinity of each of the facing opposite surfaces of the lower case 10, and the insulating projections 29b of the lower case 10 are provided. The facing inner surface has a relief piece portion 30 similar to that of the first embodiment, and a locking projection 31 formed on the inner surface of the relief piece portion 30. The locking protrusion 31
It has a length slightly shorter than the locking piece 19 of the first embodiment.
【００４４】この実施の形態の感圧電流遮断素子は、第
２の実施の形態とほぼ同様に作用する。すなわち、空間
の圧力が所定値以上に上昇した場合には、図（ｂ）に示
すように、その所定値以上の圧力を受けた圧力検知部材
１２が収縮変形し、導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａが、絶
縁当接部材２９の平板部２９ａを介し弾性加圧部材２８
の付勢力を受けて、収縮変形する圧力検知部材１２の上
面に押し付けられた状態を保持しながら押し下げられる
から、易破断部１３ｄが開裂される。これにより、導電
部材１３が介挿接続された電流経路は遮断されることに
なる。The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element of this embodiment operates in substantially the same manner as in the second embodiment. That is, when the pressure in the space rises above a predetermined value, the pressure detection member 12 that receives a pressure above the predetermined value contracts and deforms, as shown in FIG. However, the elastic pressurizing member 28 is connected via the flat plate portion 29a of the insulating contact member 29.
When the pressure detection member 12 is contracted and deformed, it is pressed down while being pressed against the upper surface of the pressure detection member 12, so that the easily breakable portion 13d is cleaved. As a result, the current path to which the conductive member 13 is inserted and connected is cut off.
【００４５】そのとき、絶縁当接部材２９の平板部２９
ａは、これの両端側の一対のガイド突部２９ｂが下ケー
ス１０の対向する係止突部３１に摺接しながら逃げ片部
３０を外方に撓ませることにより、係止突部３１を乗り
越えて、その係止突部３１の下方に位置する。そのた
め、外部圧力が所定値以下に戻って圧力検知部材１２が
元の状態に復帰しようとしたときには、絶縁当接部材２
９の両端部が下ケース１０の一対の係止突部３１に当接
して上昇を素子されるから、易破断部１３ｄの開裂によ
って二つに分離された受圧部１３ａが元の位置に復帰し
て接触することによる導電部材１３の再導通が確実に防
止される。At this time, the flat plate portion 29 of the insulating contact member 29
“A” overcomes the locking projection 31 by bending the escape piece 30 outward while the pair of guide projections 29b on both ends of the sliding contact the opposite locking projections 31 of the lower case 10. And is located below the locking projection 31. Therefore, when the external pressure returns below a predetermined value and the pressure detection member 12 tries to return to the original state, the insulating contact member 2
Both ends of 9 come into contact with the pair of locking projections 31 of the lower case 10 to lift, so that the pressure receiving portion 13a separated into two by the tearing of the easily breakable portion 13d returns to its original position. The re-conduction of the conductive member 13 due to the contact with each other is reliably prevented.
【００４６】この感圧電流遮断素子は、第２の実施の形
態で説明したと同様に、圧力が所定値以上になったとき
に易破断部１３ｄが開裂されて電流経路を確実に遮断す
ることができ、簡素化された構成として大幅なコストダ
ウンを達成することが可能であり、高い信頼性を有する
効果を得られるのに加えて、簡単な工程で容易に組み立
てることができ、圧力検知部材１２である発泡樹脂の材
質、寸法、体積および独立気泡１２ａの体積に占める割
合、つまり多孔度と弾性加圧部材２８のばね力とを調整
することにより、圧力検知部材１２が収縮変形する外部
圧力である電流遮断圧を任意の値に設定することができ
る効果を得ることができる。In this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, as in the second embodiment, when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the easily breakable portion 13d is cleaved to surely cut off the current path. It is possible to achieve a significant cost reduction as a simplified structure, and in addition to obtaining an effect with high reliability, it can be easily assembled in a simple process, and the pressure detecting member The external pressure at which the pressure detection member 12 contracts and deforms by adjusting the material, size, and volume of the foamed resin that is 12, and the ratio of the closed cells 12a to the volume, that is, the porosity and the spring force of the elastic pressure member 28. It is possible to obtain the effect that the current cut-off pressure can be set to an arbitrary value.
【００４７】なお、上記各実施の形態では、圧力検知部
材１２を多孔性樹脂である発泡樹脂で形成した場合を例
示して説明したが、圧力検知部材１２をゴムスポンジで
形成しても、上述したと同様の効果を得ることができ
る。In each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the pressure detecting member 12 is formed of the foamed resin which is the porous resin has been described as an example. However, even when the pressure detecting member 12 is formed of rubber sponge, the above description is made. The same effect as that can be obtained.
【００４８】図５は本発明の第４の実施の形態に係る感
圧電流遮断素子を示す斜視図である。この感圧電流遮断
素子は、圧力検知部材３２が単一気泡３２ａを有する直
方体形状の発泡樹脂によって構成されており、この圧力
検知部材３２の上面の取付凹所３２ｂに、第２の実施の
形態で示したと同様の導電部材１３が嵌め込まれている
とともに、この導電部材１３の一対の取付部１３ｂが接
着剤１７で圧力検知部材３２に接着されているだけの簡
単な構成になっている。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a pressure-sensitive current interrupt element according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, the pressure detecting member 32 is made of a rectangular parallelepiped foamed resin having a single bubble 32a. The pressure detecting member 32 has a mounting recess 32b on the upper surface thereof. A conductive member 13 similar to that shown in FIG. 3 is fitted, and a pair of mounting portions 13b of the conductive member 13 are simply bonded to the pressure detection member 32 with an adhesive 17.
【００４９】この感圧電流遮断素子では、圧力検知部材
３２が、体積中に占める割合が極めて大きな単一気泡３
２ａが樹脂で密閉された構成になっており、所定以上の
外部圧力を受けたときに、中央部分が凹む状態に収縮変
形する。そのため、導電部材１３の受圧部１３ａは、圧
力検知部材３２の中央部に向け引き込まれるので、易破
断部１３ｄが開裂される。この単一気泡３２ａを有する
発泡樹脂からなる圧力検知部材３２は、外部圧力が所定
以下になった場合にも元の状態に復帰しないので、導電
部材１３の二つに分離された受圧部１３ａが元の位置に
復帰して接触することによる導電部材１３の再導通が確
実に防止される。In this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, the pressure detecting member 32 has a very large proportion in the volume of the single bubble 3.
2a is sealed with a resin, and contracts and deforms so that the central portion is recessed when an external pressure of a predetermined value or more is applied. Therefore, the pressure receiving portion 13a of the conductive member 13 is drawn toward the central portion of the pressure detecting member 32, so that the easily breakable portion 13d is cleaved. Since the pressure detection member 32 made of foamed resin having the single bubbles 32a does not return to the original state even when the external pressure becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value, the pressure receiving portion 13a separated into two parts of the conductive member 13 is provided. The re-conduction of the conductive member 13 due to the return to the original position and the contact is surely prevented.
【００５０】この感圧電流遮断素子では、圧力が所定値
以上になったときに易破断部１３ｄが開裂されて電流経
路を確実に遮断することができる機能を備えながらも、
極めて簡単な構成であることから、大幅なコストダウン
を達成することができる。This pressure-sensitive current cutoff element has the function of surely breaking the current path by opening the easily breakable portion 13d when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value.
Since the structure is extremely simple, a significant cost reduction can be achieved.
【００５１】図６は上述した何れかの感圧電流遮断素子
を備えた本発明の実施の形態に係る密閉型電池を示す縦
断面図である。この密閉型電池は、有底筒状の金属製の
電池ケース３３内に、周知の正極板と負極板とをこれら
の間にセパレータを介在させて渦巻状に巻回してなる渦
巻状電極群３７の正極側（図の上面側）および負極側
（図の下面側）に正極集電体３８および負極集電体３９
がそれぞれ接続されてなる電極体３４が収納され、電池
ケース３３の開口部が封口体４０で封止されている。そ
して、正極集電体３８と封口体４０には上述した各感圧
電流遮断素子４１の導電部材１３の一対の接続部１３ｃ
が接続されていることにより、正極集電体３８と封口体
４０とが感圧電流遮断素子４１の導電部材１３を介して
電気的に接続されている。FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a sealed battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is equipped with any of the pressure-sensitive current cutoff elements described above. In this sealed battery, a spirally wound electrode group 37 is formed by spirally winding a well-known positive electrode plate and negative electrode plate with a separator interposed therebetween in a battery case 33 made of a metal having a cylindrical shape with a bottom. Of the positive electrode current collector 38 and the negative electrode current collector 39 on the positive electrode side (upper surface side in the drawing) and the negative electrode side (lower surface side in the drawing) of
The electrode body 34 connected to each other is housed, and the opening of the battery case 33 is sealed by the sealing body 40. The positive electrode current collector 38 and the sealing body 40 have a pair of connecting portions 13c of the conductive member 13 of each of the pressure-sensitive current interrupting elements 41 described above.
Are connected, the positive electrode current collector 38 and the sealing body 40 are electrically connected via the conductive member 13 of the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element 41.
【００５２】上記電池ケース３３は、表面にニッケルめ
っきが施された厚さ０．２ｍｍの鉄板により形成されて
いる。封口体４０は、アルミニュウム製の蓋板４２と、
正極外部端子を兼ねる正極キャップ４３と、この正極キ
ャップ４３と蓋板４２とで囲まれた空間内に収容された
弁体４４と、蓋板４２と電池ケース３３との間を絶縁す
る絶縁ガスケット４７とにより構成されている。この密
閉型電池は、電池ケース３３内に電極体３４を挿入した
のち、電解液（図示せず）を注入し、蓋板４２が感圧電
流遮断素子４１を介して正極集電体３８に接続された封
口体４０を電池ケース３３の開口部に嵌め入れて、電池
ケース３３の開口周縁部を内方へかしめ加工することに
よって組み立てられている。The battery case 33 is formed of an iron plate having a thickness of 0.2 mm, the surface of which is nickel-plated. The sealing body 40 includes a lid plate 42 made of aluminum,
A positive electrode cap 43 also serving as a positive electrode external terminal, a valve element 44 housed in a space surrounded by the positive electrode cap 43 and the cover plate 42, and an insulating gasket 47 for insulating between the cover plate 42 and the battery case 33. It is composed of and. In this sealed battery, after inserting the electrode body 34 into the battery case 33, an electrolytic solution (not shown) is injected, and the cover plate 42 is connected to the positive electrode current collector 38 via the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element 41. The sealed body 40 is fitted into the opening of the battery case 33, and the periphery of the opening of the battery case 33 is caulked inward to assemble.
【００５３】この密閉型電池では、過充電または短絡な
どにより電池ケース３３内の電池内圧が上昇して所定値
以上に達したときに、圧力検知部材１２，３２が収縮変
形することにより、導電部材１３の易破断部１３ｄが開
裂されて、充電電流などが自動的に遮断される。そのた
め、過充電や短絡などによる異常反応の進度を、初期の
うちに電流を遮断して停止させることができるため、充
電電流または短絡充電による温度上昇を初期のうちに抑
えることができ、発火や破裂あるいは電解液の漏出を確
実に防止することができる。In this sealed battery, when the internal pressure of the battery in the battery case 33 rises to a predetermined value or more due to overcharging or a short circuit, the pressure detecting members 12 and 32 contract and deform, thereby causing the conductive member. The easily breakable portion 13d of 13 is cleaved, and the charging current or the like is automatically cut off. Therefore, the progress of abnormal reaction due to overcharge, short circuit, etc. can be stopped by cutting off the current in the initial stage, so that the temperature rise due to the charging current or short circuit charge can be suppressed in the early stage, and ignition or It is possible to reliably prevent the explosion or the leakage of the electrolytic solution.
【００５４】因みに、本発明の実施の形態に係る何れか
の感圧電流遮断素子４１を組み込んで形成した密閉型電
池における封口体４０と電池ケース３３との間に２５Ｖ
で３Ａの電力を通電して過充電を行う実験を試みたとこ
ろ、電池内圧の上昇によって導電部材１３の易破断部１
３ｄが開裂して電流が遮断され、発煙、発火および破裂
の何れもが生じなかった。また、上記試験後も放置した
ところ、電池内圧が元に戻った場合にも、導電部材１３
の二つに分離された受圧部１３ａが再接触することによ
る電流の再導通が生じなかった。Incidentally, 25 V is provided between the sealing body 40 and the battery case 33 in the sealed battery formed by incorporating any of the pressure-sensitive current interrupting elements 41 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
An attempt was made to conduct an overcharge by supplying 3 A of electric power, and as a result of an increase in battery internal pressure, the easily breakable portion 1 of the conductive member 13 was
3d was cleaved, the current was cut off, and neither smoking, ignition nor rupture occurred. Further, when the battery was left to stand after the above-mentioned test, the conductive member 13
No re-conduction of current occurred due to the re-contact of the pressure receiving portion 13a separated into two.
【００５５】[0055]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の感圧電流遮断素子
によれば、圧力が所定値以上になったときに易破断部が
開裂されて電流経路を確実に遮断する顕著な機能を有し
ているが、外部圧力に対応して収縮変形する多孔性樹脂
やゴムスポンジなどの弾性部材を圧力検知部材として用
いていることから、導電部材の易破断部を外装ケースに
内包する構造でありながら、外装ケースに気密性が要求
されず、また、導電部材は金属板を打ち抜き加工した帯
状のものでよく、この導電部材の一部を圧力検知部材に
固着するだけの極めて簡素化された構成とすることがで
きる。そのため、この感圧電流遮断素子では、従来素子
のような密閉容器の内部の気密性を確保するための溶着
やかしめ加工などの封止手段、シリコンウエハ基板や金
めっき層などの高価な材料および半田付けなどの接続工
法などを必要とする構成に比較して、大幅なコストダウ
ンを達成することが可能となる。As described above, according to the pressure-sensitive current cutoff element of the present invention, when the pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the easily breakable portion is cleaved to surely cut off the current path. However, since an elastic member such as a porous resin or rubber sponge that contracts and deforms in response to external pressure is used as a pressure detection member, it is a structure in which the easily breakable portion of the conductive member is included in the outer case. However, the outer case is not required to be airtight, and the conductive member may be a band-shaped member obtained by punching out a metal plate, which is a very simplified structure in which a part of the conductive member is fixed to the pressure detection member. Can be Therefore, in this pressure-sensitive current cutoff element, sealing means such as welding and caulking for securing the airtightness of the inside of the hermetic container such as the conventional element, expensive materials such as a silicon wafer substrate and a gold plating layer, and It is possible to achieve a significant cost reduction as compared with a configuration that requires a connection construction method such as soldering.
【００５６】本発明の感圧電流遮断素子を用いた密閉型
電池によれば、過充電または短絡などにより電池ケース
内の電池内圧が上昇して所定値以上に達したときに、圧
力検知部材が収縮変形することにより、導電部材の易破
断部が開裂されて、充電電流などが自動的に遮断され
る。そのため、過充電や短絡などによる異常反応の進度
を、初期のうちに電流を遮断して停止させることができ
るため、充電電流または短絡充電による温度上昇を初期
のうちに抑えることができ、発火や破裂あるいは電解液
の漏出を確実に防止することができる。According to the sealed battery using the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element of the present invention, when the internal pressure of the battery in the battery case rises to a predetermined value or more due to overcharge or short circuit, the pressure detecting member is By contracting and deforming, the easily breakable portion of the conductive member is cleaved, and the charging current or the like is automatically cut off. Therefore, the progress of abnormal reaction due to overcharge, short circuit, etc. can be stopped by cutting off the current in the initial stage, so that the temperature rise due to the charging current or short circuit charge can be suppressed in the early stage, and ignition or It is possible to reliably prevent the explosion or the leakage of the electrolytic solution.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係る感圧電流遮断
素子を示す分解斜視図。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】（ａ）〜（ｃ）は同上の感圧電流遮断素子の通
常時の縦断面図、圧力検知により電流遮断した状態の縦
断面図および（ｂ）のＡ−Ａ線断面図。2 (a) to 2 (c) are a vertical sectional view of the pressure-sensitive current interrupting element in the same state at a normal time, a vertical sectional view in a state in which current is interrupted by pressure detection, and a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.
【図３】（ａ），（ｂ）はそれぞれ本発明の第２の実施
の形態に係る感圧電流遮断素子を示す通常状態時および
圧力検知による作動時の縦断面図。3 (a) and 3 (b) are vertical cross-sectional views showing a pressure-sensitive current interrupt element according to a second embodiment of the present invention in a normal state and during operation by pressure detection, respectively.
【図４】（ａ）〜（ｃ）は本発明の第３の実施の形態に
係る感圧電流遮断素子を示す通常時の縦断面図、圧力検
知により電流遮断した状態の縦断面図および（ｂ）のＢ
−Ｂ線断面図。4 (a) to 4 (c) are vertical sectional views of a pressure-sensitive current interrupting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention in a normal state, a vertical sectional view in a state in which current is interrupted by pressure detection, and ( b) in b)
-B line sectional view.
【図５】本発明の第４の実施の形態に係る感圧電流遮断
素子を示す斜視図。FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a pressure-sensitive current interrupt device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の感圧電流遮断素子を用いた密閉型電池
を示す縦断面図。FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a sealed battery using the pressure-sensitive current interrupt element of the present invention.
【図７】従来の感圧電流遮断素子を示す斜視図。FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a conventional pressure-sensitive current cutoff element.
９ 外装ケース １０ 下ケース １１ 上ケース １２，３２ 圧力検知部材 １２ａ 独立気泡 １３ 導電部材 １３ｃ 接続部 １３ｄ 易破断部 １３ｅ 係合片部 １９ 係止片 ２２ 係止爪 ２３ 掛止片 ２４ 掛止孔 ２７，２９ 絶縁当接部材 ２７ｂ 抜け止め部 ２８ 弾性加圧部材 ２８ａ 支持部 ２８ｂ 作用部 ２９ｂ ガイド突部 ３１ 係止突部 ３２ａ 単一気泡 ３３ 電池ケース ３７ 渦巻状電極群（発電要素） ３８ 正極集電体（集電体） ４０ 封口体 9 exterior case 10 Lower case 11 upper case 12, 32 Pressure detection member 12a closed bubbles 13 Conductive member 13c connection part 13d Easy break 13e Engagement piece 19 Locking piece 22 Locking claw 23 Hook 24 hook holes 27, 29 Insulation contact member 27b retaining part 28 Elastic pressure member 28a Support part 28b Working part 29b Guide protrusion 31 Locking protrusion 32a single bubble 33 battery case 37 Spiral electrode group (power generation element) 38 Positive electrode current collector (current collector) 40 Sealing body
Claims (10)
性部材からなり、外装ケース内に収納されて下面が前記
外装ケースの底内面に固着された圧力検知部材と、 前記外装ケース内を貫通する配置で設けられて前記圧力
検知部材の上面に接触されるとともに、中央部分に薄肉
または幅狭に形成された易破断部の少なくとも両側近傍
箇所が前記圧力検知部材に固着された帯状の導電部材と
を備え、 外部圧力が所定値以上となって前記圧力検知部材が収縮
変形したときに、前記導電部材が前記圧力検知部材と一
体的に引き下げられることにより、前記易破断部が開裂
するように構成されていることを特徴とする感圧電流遮
断素子。1. A pressure detecting member, which is made of an elastic member such as porous resin or rubber sponge, is housed in an outer case and has a lower surface fixed to an inner surface of a bottom of the outer case, and an arrangement penetrating the outer case. And a strip-shaped conductive member fixed to the pressure detecting member at least near both sides of the easily breakable portion formed thin or narrow in the central portion while being in contact with the upper surface of the pressure detecting member. When the external pressure is equal to or higher than a predetermined value and the pressure detection member contracts and deforms, the conductive member is integrally pulled down with the pressure detection member so that the easily breakable portion is split. A pressure-sensitive current cutoff element characterized in that
れている箇所に、側方に延びる係合片部が突設され、収
縮変形する圧力検知部材と一体的に前記導電部材が引き
下げられるときに、前記係合片部に対し、これの下方へ
の通過を許容したのち前記上面に当接して上昇を阻止す
る係止片が、前記外装ケースの内面に突設されている請
求項１に記載の感圧電流遮断素子。2. A conductive member having a laterally extending engagement piece projecting from a portion of the conductive member housed in the outer case, and when the conductive member is pulled down integrally with the pressure detecting member that contracts and deforms. The engaging piece portion is provided with a locking piece protruding from the inner surface of the outer case, the engaging piece being in contact with the upper surface to prevent the engagement piece from rising after allowing the engaging piece portion to pass therethrough. Pressure sensitive current cutoff element.
性部材からなり、外装ケース内に収納された圧力検知部
材と、 薄肉または幅狭の易破断部が中央部分に形成されて前記
外装ケース内を貫通する配置で設けられ、少なくとも前
記易破断部が前記圧力検知部材の上面に接触された帯状
の導電部材と、 前記導電部材における前記易破断部の周辺箇所に当てが
われた絶縁当接部材と、 支持部が前記外装ケースの内面に固定され、作用部が前
記絶縁当接部材を介して前記導電部材に付勢力を付与す
るように配設された弾性加圧部材とを備え、 外部圧力が所定値以上となって前記圧力検知部材が収縮
変形したときに、前記易破断部が、前記弾性加圧部材の
付勢力によって前記圧力検知部材に押し付けられた状態
を保持しながら押し下げられて開裂するように構成され
ていることを特徴とする感圧電流遮断素子。3. A pressure detecting member made of an elastic material such as porous resin or rubber sponge and housed in the outer case, and a thin or narrow easily breakable portion formed in the central portion to cover the outer case. A strip-shaped conductive member provided in a penetrating arrangement, at least the easily breakable portion being in contact with the upper surface of the pressure detection member, and an insulating contact member applied to a peripheral portion of the easily breakable portion in the conductive member. A supporting portion is fixed to the inner surface of the outer case, and an operating portion is provided with an elastic pressure member arranged to apply a biasing force to the conductive member via the insulating contact member. When the pressure detection member is contracted and deformed beyond a predetermined value, the easily breakable portion is pushed down while maintaining the state in which it is pressed against the pressure detection member by the urging force of the elastic pressure member, and tears. Sensitive piezoelectric flow blockage element characterized by being configured to so that.
形時に開裂される易破断部の分離箇所に弾性加圧部材の
付勢力を受けて入り込んだのち、前記分離箇所に抜け止
め状態に係合する抜け止め部が形成されている請求項３
に記載の感圧電流遮断素子。4. The insulating contact member enters the separation portion of the easily breakable portion that is cleaved when the pressure detection member is contracted and deformed by receiving the urging force of the elastic pressure member, and then keeps the separation portion in a retaining state. 4. A retaining portion that engages is formed.
The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element described in 1.
ガイド突部がそれぞれ形成され、外装ケースに、収縮変
形する圧力検知部材により導電部材が引き下げられると
きに、前記絶縁当接部材の両端部に対し、前記ガイド突
部によって下方への通過を許容したのち前記両端部の上
面に当接して上昇を阻止する係止突部が内面に形成され
ている請求項３に記載の感圧電流遮断素子。5. A guide protrusion having an inclined surface is formed at each end of the insulating contact member, and when the conductive member is pulled down by the pressure detecting member that contracts and deforms in the outer case, the insulating contact member is cut off. 4. The pressure-sensitive pressure sensing device according to claim 3, wherein the both end portions have locking projections formed on the inner surfaces thereof, which allow the guide projections to pass downward and then come into contact with the upper surfaces of the both end portions to prevent rising. Current interrupt element.
性樹脂またはゴムスポンジにより構成されている請求項
１ないし５の何れかに記載の感圧電流遮断素子。6. The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to claim 1, wherein the pressure detection member is made of a porous resin having closed cells or a rubber sponge.
が、これらの一方に設けられた掛止片の掛止孔に他方に
設けられた係止爪を嵌め入れることによって互いに合体
されたものである請求項１ないし６の何れかに記載の感
圧電流遮断素子。7. The outer case is obtained by combining a lower case and an upper case by fitting a locking claw provided on the other into a locking hole of a locking piece provided on one of the lower case and the upper case. 7. The pressure-sensitive current cutoff element according to claim 1, wherein
部圧力は、前記圧力検知部材の材質、寸法、体積および
多孔度と弾性加圧部材の付勢力とに基づいて設定されて
いる請求項３ないし７の何れかに記載の感圧電流遮断素
子。8. The external pressure for contracting and deforming the pressure detecting member is set based on the material, size, volume and porosity of the pressure detecting member and the biasing force of the elastic pressure member. 8. The pressure-sensitive current interrupt element according to any one of 1 to 7.
気泡を有する圧力検知部材と、 両端の接続部が前記圧力検知部材の側方に突出する配置
で前記圧力検知部材の一面に接触され、中央部に薄肉ま
たは幅狭に形成された易破断部の少なくとも両端近傍箇
所が前記一面に固定された帯状の導電部材とを備えて構
成されていることを特徴とする感圧電流遮断素子。9. A pressure detecting member having a single bubble of which the ratio in the volume is 80% or more, and a contact portion on both ends contacting one surface of the pressure detecting member in an arrangement protruding laterally of the pressure detecting member. And a strip-shaped conductive member having at least both ends of the easily breakable portion formed thin or narrow in the central portion, and the belt-shaped conductive member fixed to the one surface. .
内に、発電要素が収納され、 前記電池ケースの開口部が、他方極を兼ねる封口体で密
閉され、 前記発電要素に設けられた一方極または他方極の集電体
と前記電池ケースまたは前記封口体とが、請求項１ない
し９の何れかに記載の感圧電流遮断素子における導電部
材の一端および他端の接続部にそれぞれ接続されている
ことを特徴とする密閉型電池。10. A power generating element is housed in a bottomed cylindrical battery case that also functions as one pole, and an opening of the battery case is sealed by a sealing body that also functions as the other pole, and is provided on the power generating element. The current collector of one pole or the other pole and the battery case or the sealing body are respectively connected to the connection portions of one end and the other end of the conductive member in the pressure-sensitive current interrupt element according to any one of claims 1 to 9. A sealed battery characterized by being provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002135272A JP2003331822A (en) | 2002-05-10 | 2002-05-10 | Pressure-sensitive current cutout element and sealed battery using the element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002135272A JP2003331822A (en) | 2002-05-10 | 2002-05-10 | Pressure-sensitive current cutout element and sealed battery using the element |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003331822A true JP2003331822A (en) | 2003-11-21 |
Family
ID=29697639
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002135272A Withdrawn JP2003331822A (en) | 2002-05-10 | 2002-05-10 | Pressure-sensitive current cutout element and sealed battery using the element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003331822A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007157635A (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-21 | Fdk Energy Co Ltd | Cylindrical battery |
| WO2009080141A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Daimler Ag | Battery and method for operating a battery |
| WO2015001719A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| WO2015001716A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| CN110832670A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-02-21 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Battery pack and method for manufacturing same |
-
2002
- 2002-05-10 JP JP2002135272A patent/JP2003331822A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007157635A (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-21 | Fdk Energy Co Ltd | Cylindrical battery |
| WO2009080141A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Daimler Ag | Battery and method for operating a battery |
| WO2015001719A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| WO2015001716A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-08 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JPWO2015001716A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2017-02-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JPWO2015001719A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2017-02-23 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2017208365A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2017-11-24 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JP2018022693A (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2018-02-08 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| US10079386B2 (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2018-09-18 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| US10256508B2 (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2019-04-09 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| US10431827B2 (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2019-10-01 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| CN110832670A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-02-21 | 三洋电机株式会社 | Battery pack and method for manufacturing same |
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