JP2003328465A - Building - Google Patents
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- JP2003328465A JP2003328465A JP2002133390A JP2002133390A JP2003328465A JP 2003328465 A JP2003328465 A JP 2003328465A JP 2002133390 A JP2002133390 A JP 2002133390A JP 2002133390 A JP2002133390 A JP 2002133390A JP 2003328465 A JP2003328465 A JP 2003328465A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat insulating
- insulating material
- hollow portion
- building
- indoor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、建物の壁、床、屋
根等の取付パネルに胴縁で断熱材を固定している建物に
関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building in which a heat insulating material is fixed to a mounting panel such as a wall, floor or roof of the building with a furring strip.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の建物の壁は、外壁と内壁との間に
断熱材を配設している。断熱材にはガラス繊維を細長い
長方形としたものが多く使用される。壁の断熱材は、図
１の断面図に示すように、間柱１４Ａの間に入れて固定
される。断熱材８には、合成樹脂発泡体を板状に成形し
たものも使用される。この断熱材８も間柱１４Ａの間に
配置して固定される。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional building wall, a heat insulating material is arranged between an outer wall and an inner wall. The heat insulating material is often made of elongated rectangular glass fiber. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, the heat insulating material of the wall is inserted and fixed between the studs 14A. As the heat insulating material 8, a synthetic resin foam molded into a plate shape is also used. This heat insulating material 8 is also arranged and fixed between the studs 14A.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図１に示すように、間
柱１４Ａの間に断熱材８を固定する壁構造は、断熱材８
が理想的な状態で建物の躯体を断熱するように施工する
のが極めて難しい。それは、外壁１等の内面を完全に覆
うように断熱材８を固定するのが難しいからである。断
熱材８を間柱１４Ａの間に配置して固定するとき、図２
に示すように、断熱材８と間柱１４Ａとの間に隙間がで
きることがある。ここに隙間ができると、外壁１の内面
に断熱材８で被覆されない領域ができ、この部分を断熱
できなくなる。このため、夏期の暑いときなどには、図
の矢印で示すように、壁パネルを通過して熱が建物内に
侵入する。この弊害は、断熱材と間柱との間の隙間を完
全になくして少なくできる。ただ、多数の断熱材を固定
するときに、断熱材と間柱との間に全く隙間ができない
ようにするのは極めて難しい。また仮に、断熱材と間柱
との間に隙間ができないように施工したとしても、経時
的に断熱材が剥離したり変形して、間柱との間や、外壁
との間にも隙間ができることがある。As shown in FIG. 1, the wall structure for fixing the heat insulating material 8 between the studs 14A has the heat insulating material 8
However, it is extremely difficult to construct it so as to insulate the structure of the building under ideal conditions. This is because it is difficult to fix the heat insulating material 8 so as to completely cover the inner surface of the outer wall 1 or the like. When the heat insulating material 8 is arranged and fixed between the studs 14A, as shown in FIG.
As shown in, there may be a gap between the heat insulating material 8 and the stud 14A. If a gap is formed here, a region not covered with the heat insulating material 8 is formed on the inner surface of the outer wall 1, and this portion cannot be insulated. For this reason, when it is hot in summer, as shown by the arrow in the figure, heat passes through the wall panel and enters the building. This adverse effect can be reduced by completely eliminating the gap between the heat insulating material and the stud. However, when fixing a large number of heat insulating materials, it is extremely difficult to make no gap between the heat insulating material and the studs. Even if the construction is performed so that there is no gap between the heat insulating material and the studs, the heat insulating material may peel or deform over time, and a gap may be created between the studs and the outer wall. is there.
【０００４】本発明は、この欠点を解決することを目的
に開発されたもので、本発明の重要な目的は、簡単かつ
容易に、しかも能率よく断熱材を固定しながら、優れた
断熱特性を実現できる建物を提供することにある。The present invention was developed for the purpose of solving this drawback, and an important object of the present invention is to easily and easily fix the heat insulating material efficiently and to obtain excellent heat insulating properties. To provide a building that can be realized.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の建物は、取付パ
ネル４０に所定の間隔で複数の胴縁１１を平行に固定し
ており、隣接する胴縁１１の間に断熱材８を配置してい
る。胴縁１１は、断熱材８の側縁部を案内する凹部１７
と、側縁部を凹部１７に入れた断熱材８の表面に向かっ
て突出されて、断熱材８を取付パネル４０の表面に固定
するための保持凸条１２とを側面に備えている。建物
は、胴縁１１を取付パネル４０に固定して、凹部１７に
入れた断熱材８を取付パネル４０と保持凸条１２とで挟
着して取付パネル４０の表面に固定している。In the building of the present invention, a plurality of furring strips 11 are fixed in parallel to a mounting panel 40 at predetermined intervals, and a heat insulating material 8 is arranged between adjacent furring strips 11. ing. The furring strip 11 is a recess 17 that guides the side edge of the heat insulating material 8.
And a holding projection 12 for fixing the heat insulating material 8 to the surface of the mounting panel 40 on the side surface, the side protruding portion projecting toward the surface of the heat insulating material 8 having the side edge portion in the recess 17. In the building, the furring strip 11 is fixed to the mounting panel 40, and the heat insulating material 8 placed in the recess 17 is sandwiched between the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridge 12 and fixed to the surface of the mounting panel 40.
【０００６】胴縁１１は、横断面図形状をＴ字状とし
て、両側面に凹部１７と保持凸条１２とを設けることが
できる。The furring strip 11 has a T-shaped cross-sectional view, and a recess 17 and a holding ridge 12 can be provided on both side surfaces.
【０００７】さらに、本発明の請求項３の建物は、取付
パネル４０に所定の間隔で複数の胴縁１１を平行に固定
しており、隣接する胴縁１１の間に断熱材８を配置して
いる。胴縁１１は、断熱材８の側縁部を案内する凹部１
７と、側縁部を凹部１７に入れた断熱材８の表面に向か
って突出されて、断熱材８を固定するための保持凸条１
２とを側面に備えている。凹部１７は、側面の中間に縦
方向に延長して設けたセンター溝で、このセンター溝の
両側に保持凸条１２を設けている。建物は、胴縁１１を
取付パネル４０に固定して、凹部１７に入れた断熱材８
を両側の保持凸条１２で挟着して、取付パネル４０から
離して固定している。Further, in the building of claim 3 of the present invention, a plurality of furring strips 11 are fixed in parallel to the mounting panel 40 at predetermined intervals, and the heat insulating material 8 is arranged between the neighboring furring strips 11. ing. The furring strip 11 is a recess 1 that guides the side edge of the heat insulating material 8.
7 and a retaining ridge 1 for fixing the heat insulating material 8 by being projected toward the surface of the heat insulating material 8 having the side edge portion in the concave portion 17.
2 and 2 are provided on the side surface. The recessed portion 17 is a center groove extending in the longitudinal direction in the middle of the side surface, and the holding ridges 12 are provided on both sides of the center groove. In the building, the furring strip 11 is fixed to the mounting panel 40, and the heat insulating material 8 is placed in the recess 17.
Are sandwiched by the holding ridges 12 on both sides, and fixed apart from the mounting panel 40.
【０００８】胴縁１１は、断熱材８との対向面に縦溝１
３を設けることができる。さらに、胴縁１１は、取付パ
ネル４０との対向面に縦溝１３を設けることができる。
さらにまた、胴縁１１は、取付パネル４０の反対側に配
設される対向パネル４１との対向面に縦溝１３を設ける
こともできる。The furring strip 11 has a vertical groove 1 on the surface facing the heat insulating material 8.
3 can be provided. Further, the furring strip 11 can be provided with a vertical groove 13 on the surface facing the mounting panel 40.
Furthermore, the furring strip 11 may be provided with the vertical groove 13 on the surface facing the facing panel 41 arranged on the opposite side of the mounting panel 40.
【０００９】断熱材８は、合成樹脂発泡体、木材、無機
発泡体のいずれかを板状に成形したものとすることがで
きる。さらに、断熱材８は、中間断熱材層８Ａの両面に
表面板８Ｂを積層したものとすることもできる。The heat insulating material 8 may be formed of a synthetic resin foam, wood, or an inorganic foam in a plate shape. Further, the heat insulating material 8 may be formed by laminating the surface plates 8B on both surfaces of the intermediate heat insulating material layer 8A.
【００１０】本明細書において「取付パネル」とは、建
物の壁、床、屋根、天井のいずれかを断熱するために断
熱材を固定する基材となるパネルであって、壁パネル、
床パネル、屋根パネル、天井パネルのいずれかを意味す
るものとする。ただし、本明細書における「取付パネ
ル」は、必ずしも建物の躯体としての強度を実現するパ
ネルには特定しない。建物としての強度は要求されない
が、壁、床、屋根、天井等に固定されて断熱材を固定す
る基材となる全てのパネルを意味するものとする。As used herein, the term "mounting panel" refers to a panel serving as a base material for fixing a heat insulating material for insulating any of a wall, a floor, a roof and a ceiling of a building.
It shall mean either floor panel, roof panel or ceiling panel. However, the "mounting panel" in this specification is not necessarily specified as a panel that realizes strength as a building frame. Although the strength as a building is not required, it means all panels that are fixed to walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, etc. and serve as base materials for fixing heat insulating materials.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基
づいて説明する。ただし、以下に示す実施例は、本発明
の技術思考を具体化するための建物を例示するものであ
って、本発明は建物を下記のものに特定しない。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the examples shown below exemplify a building for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the building to the following.
【００１２】さらに、この明細書は、特許請求の範囲を
理解し易いように、実施例に示される部材に対応する番
号を、「特許請求の範囲の欄」、および「課題を解決す
るための手段の欄」に示される部材に付記している。た
だ、特許請求の範囲に示される部材を、実施例の部材に
特定するものでは決してない。Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as "the claims column" and "to solve the problems. It is added to the members shown in "Means column". However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiment.
【００１３】図３の水平断面図と図４の一部を除去した
斜視図、及び図５の水平断面図に示す壁構造は、建物の
屋外側に位置する外壁１と、建物の室内側に位置する室
内プレート２との間に中間区画壁３を配設して、中間区
画壁３の両面に屋外側中空部４と室内側中空部５とを設
けている。屋外側中空部４は、外壁１と中間区画壁３と
の間に設けられており、室内側中空部５は、中間区画壁
３と室内プレート２との間に設けられている。これらの
図に示す壁構造は、屋外側中空部４を断熱材８で断熱し
ている。断熱材８は、取付パネル４０に固定されて、屋
外側中空部４に配設されている。断熱材８は、胴縁１１
を介して取付パネル４０に固定している。図３と図４に
示す壁構造は、中間区画壁３を取付パネル４０としてお
り、この中間区画壁３の屋外側の表面に断熱材８を固定
している。図５に示す壁構造は、外壁１を取付パネル４
０としており、この外壁１の室内側の表面に断熱材８を
固定している。The wall structure shown in the horizontal sectional view of FIG. 3, a perspective view with a part of FIG. 4 removed, and the horizontal sectional view of FIG. 5 has an outer wall 1 located on the outdoor side of the building and an indoor side of the building. The intermediate partition wall 3 is disposed between the indoor partition plate 2 and the indoor plate 2, and the outdoor side hollow portion 4 and the indoor side hollow portion 5 are provided on both surfaces of the intermediate partition wall 3. The outdoor side hollow portion 4 is provided between the outer wall 1 and the intermediate partition wall 3, and the indoor side hollow portion 5 is provided between the intermediate partition wall 3 and the indoor plate 2. In the wall structure shown in these figures, the outdoor hollow portion 4 is thermally insulated by the heat insulating material 8. The heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the mounting panel 40 and is disposed in the outdoor hollow portion 4. The heat insulating material 8 is a furring strip 11
It is fixed to the mounting panel 40 via. In the wall structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the intermediate partition wall 3 is used as a mounting panel 40, and the heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the surface of the intermediate partition wall 3 on the outdoor side. In the wall structure shown in FIG. 5, the outer wall 1 is attached to the mounting panel 4.
The heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the surface of the outer wall 1 on the indoor side.
【００１４】図の壁構造は、柱１４の室内側に室内プレ
ート２を固定して、屋外側に中間区画壁３を固定して、
室内プレート２と中間区画壁３の間に室内側中空部５を
設けている。この壁構造は、柱１４の両面に室内プレー
ト２と中間区画壁３を固定しているので、柱１４の太さ
が室内側中空部５の幅となる。ただ、柱１４の間には、
筋かい１５や室内プレート２を固定するための下地材等
が設けられるので、筋かい１５等で室内側中空部５の実
質的な幅は狭くなる。室内側中空部５は、室内の空気を
循環させる。したがって、室内側中空部５に設けられる
筋かい１５等は、室内側中空部５の空気の循環を阻止し
ないように柱１４の間に固定される。図の壁構造は、筋
かい１５の幅を室内側中空部５の幅よりも狭くして、室
内側中空部５の空気を上下に循環できるようにしてい
る。In the wall structure shown in the figure, the indoor plate 2 is fixed to the indoor side of the pillar 14, and the intermediate partition wall 3 is fixed to the outdoor side.
An indoor-side hollow portion 5 is provided between the indoor plate 2 and the intermediate partition wall 3. In this wall structure, since the indoor plate 2 and the intermediate partition wall 3 are fixed to both sides of the pillar 14, the thickness of the pillar 14 is the width of the indoor hollow portion 5. However, between the pillars 14,
Since the brace 15 and the base material for fixing the indoor plate 2 are provided, the substantial width of the indoor hollow portion 5 is narrowed by the brace 15 and the like. The indoor hollow portion 5 circulates indoor air. Therefore, the braces 15 and the like provided in the indoor hollow portion 5 are fixed between the columns 14 so as not to block the circulation of air in the indoor hollow portion 5. In the wall structure shown in the figure, the width of the braces 15 is narrower than the width of the indoor hollow portion 5 so that the air in the indoor hollow portion 5 can be vertically circulated.
【００１５】図の壁構造は、表面にクロスを張った石膏
ボードや天然板を室内プレート２としているが、室内プ
レート２には土壁も使用できる。石膏ボードや天然板
は、図３と図５に示すように、柱１４の室内側に固定さ
れるが、土壁の室内プレート２は、図６の水平断面図に
示すように、柱１４の間に設けられる。土壁２Ａは、柱
１４に固定される中間区画壁３との間に室内側中空部５
を設けている。室内側中空部５には、ここの空気を上下
に換気できるように、室内側中空部５よりも幅の狭い筋
かい１５を固定している。ただ、筋かいは、上下に貫通
して空気孔を設けて、室内側中空部の空気を上下に換気
できる構造とすることもできる。In the wall structure shown in the figure, the interior plate 2 is made of plasterboard or a natural plate with a cloth stretched on the surface, but a soil wall can also be used for the interior plate 2. The gypsum board or natural board is fixed to the indoor side of the pillar 14 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, but the indoor plate 2 of the earth wall is shown in the horizontal sectional view of FIG. It is provided between. The earth wall 2A and the intermediate partition wall 3 fixed to the pillar 14 are provided with the interior hollow portion 5 between them.
Is provided. A brace 15 having a width narrower than that of the indoor hollow portion 5 is fixed to the indoor hollow portion 5 so that the air here can be vertically ventilated. However, the brace may have a structure in which air holes are vertically penetrated to vertically ventilate the air in the indoor hollow portion.
【００１６】中間区画壁３は、空気中の湿度で伸縮する
天然木材３Ａを、換気隙間７ができるように並べて固定
している。天然木材３Ａは、厚さを３０ｍｍ、幅を１３
５ｍｍとする。ただし、天然木材３Ａは、厚さを２０〜
５０ｍｍ、幅を５０〜２００ｍｍとすることもできる。
天然木材３Ａを厚くすると、壁の断熱性と防音性が向上
する。ただ、天然木材３Ａを厚くすると施工コストが高
くなるので、施工コストと断熱特性の両方を考慮して最
適値とする。天然木材３Ａには、スギ、マツ、モミ等の
針葉樹が適している。スギは、低コストで優れた断熱特
性を有する特長がある。また、湿度の変化で速やかに伸
縮する特長もある。ただし、天然木材には、ヒノキ、キ
リ等も使用できる。マツとヒノキは、優れた防音特性と
吸湿性を有し、キリは優れた断熱特性を有する。The intermediate partition wall 3 is made of natural wood 3A that expands and contracts due to humidity in the air and is arranged and fixed so that a ventilation gap 7 is formed. The natural wood 3A has a thickness of 30 mm and a width of 13
5 mm. However, the natural wood 3A has a thickness of 20 to
The width may be 50 mm and the width may be 50 to 200 mm.
If the natural wood 3A is thickened, the heat insulation and soundproofing of the wall are improved. However, since the construction cost increases when the natural wood 3A is thickened, it is set to an optimum value in consideration of both the construction cost and the heat insulating property. Coniferous trees such as cedar, pine and fir are suitable for the natural wood 3A. Sugi has the feature of low cost and excellent heat insulation properties. It also has the feature that it expands and contracts rapidly with changes in humidity. However, cypress and persimmon can also be used for the natural wood. Pine and cypress have excellent soundproofing and hygroscopic properties, and kiri has excellent heat insulating properties.
【００１７】板状の天然木材３Ａは、水平方向に延長し
て水平に柱１４に固定される。天然木材３Ａは、空気中
の湿度で伸縮して、空気中の湿度が低くなると収縮し、
空気中の湿度が高くなると膨張する。したがって、天然
木材３Ａの間に設けている換気隙間７は、湿度が低くな
ると広くなって空気を通過しやすくし、湿度が高くなる
と換気隙間７を狭くして空気を通過し難くする。中間区
画壁３の天然木材３Ａの間に設けている換気隙間７は、
湿度で自動的にその間隔が制御される。湿度が高いとき
に換気隙間７が狭くなるので、屋外側中空部４と室内側
中空部５との空気の流通は遮断され、あるいは少なくな
る。湿度が低くなると、換気隙間７が広くなって、屋外
側中空部４と室内側中空部５との空気は流通しやすくな
る。すなわち、室内側中空部５と屋外側中空部４との間
で空気が流通するようになる。The plate-shaped natural wood 3A extends horizontally and is horizontally fixed to the pillar 14. The natural wood 3A expands and contracts with humidity in the air, and contracts when the humidity in the air decreases.
It expands when the humidity in the air increases. Therefore, the ventilation gaps 7 provided between the natural woods 3A become wider when the humidity is low to facilitate the passage of air, and when the humidity is high, the ventilation gaps 7 are narrowed to make it difficult for the air to pass. The ventilation gap 7 provided between the natural wood 3A of the intermediate partition wall 3 is
Humidity automatically controls the interval. When the humidity is high, the ventilation gap 7 becomes narrow, so that the air flow between the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the indoor hollow portion 5 is blocked or reduced. When the humidity becomes lower, the ventilation gap 7 becomes wider, and the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the indoor hollow portion 5 becomes easier to flow. That is, the air flows between the indoor hollow portion 5 and the outdoor hollow portion 4.
【００１８】図７は、図５に示す中間区画壁３を上下に
切断した断面図である。この中間区画壁３は、天然木材
３Ａの上面に連結凸条９を設けて、下面には連結凸条９
を案内する連結溝１０を設けている。この中間区画壁３
は、天然木材３Ａの連結凸条９を隣の天然木材３Ａの連
結溝１０に案内して隣接する天然木材３Ａを連結してい
る。さらに、この中間区画壁３は、天然木材３Ａの収縮
で換気隙間７を調整するために、連結凸条９を先端に向
かって幅を次第に狭くして、連結溝１０を開口部に向か
って幅が広くなるようにしている。図７に示す連結凸条
９は、先端に向かって直線的に幅が狭くなるようにして
いるが、連結凸条は先端に向かって湾曲しながら幅が狭
くなるようにすることもできる。この天然木材３Ａは、
膨張して互いに接近すると換気隙間７が狭くなる。反対
に天然木材３Ａが収縮して互いに離れると換気隙間７が
広くなる。ただ、天然木材３Ａは、図８の断面図に示す
ように横断面が長方形となるように加工して、柱１４に
固定して換気隙間７を設けることもできる。FIG. 7 is a sectional view in which the intermediate partition wall 3 shown in FIG. 5 is vertically cut. This intermediate partition wall 3 is provided with a connecting ridge 9 on the upper surface of the natural wood 3A and a connecting ridge 9 on the lower surface.
Is provided with a connection groove 10 for guiding. This intermediate partition wall 3
Guides the connecting ridge 9 of the natural wood 3A to the connecting groove 10 of the adjacent natural wood 3A to connect the adjacent natural wood 3A. Further, in this intermediate partition wall 3, in order to adjust the ventilation gap 7 by contraction of the natural wood 3A, the width of the connecting ridge 9 is gradually narrowed toward the tip, and the width of the connecting groove 10 is moved toward the opening. To make it wider. Although the connecting ridge 9 shown in FIG. 7 has a width that narrows linearly toward the tip, the connecting ridge may be curved toward the tip and narrow in width. This natural wood 3A is
When they expand and approach each other, the ventilation gap 7 becomes narrower. On the contrary, when the natural woods 3A contract and separate from each other, the ventilation gap 7 becomes wider. However, as shown in the sectional view of FIG. 8, the natural wood 3A may be processed to have a rectangular cross section and fixed to the pillar 14 to provide the ventilation gap 7.
【００１９】天然木材３Ａは、湿度が高いとき、たとえ
ば湿度が８０％になると換気隙間７が閉鎖されるように
柱１４に固定される。したがって、天然木材３Ａは、柱
１４に固定するときの湿度で、換気隙間７の大きさを調
整する。湿度が８０％以上のときは、隣の天然木材３Ａ
との間に隙間ができないように柱１４に固定する。湿度
が低いときは、湿度によって換気隙間７の幅を調整して
柱１４に固定する。天然木材３Ａの換気隙間７を調整し
て固定するときはスペーサーを使用する。スペーサー
は、天然木材３Ａの間に挟まれてシックネスゲージとし
て使用される。天然木材３Ａを固定した後、スペーサー
は除去される。The natural wood 3A is fixed to the pillar 14 so that the ventilation gap 7 is closed when the humidity is high, for example, when the humidity reaches 80%. Therefore, the natural wood 3A adjusts the size of the ventilation gap 7 with the humidity when fixed to the pillar 14. When the humidity is 80% or more, the next natural wood 3A
It is fixed to the pillar 14 so that there is no gap between. When the humidity is low, the width of the ventilation gap 7 is adjusted by the humidity and fixed to the pillar 14. When adjusting and fixing the ventilation gap 7 of the natural wood 3A, a spacer is used. The spacer is sandwiched between the natural wood 3A and used as a thickness gauge. After fixing the natural wood 3A, the spacer is removed.
【００２０】中間区画壁３は、その外壁１側の表面に防
水シート６を張設している。防水シート６は、中間区画
壁３と外壁１との間の屋外側中空部４に配設されて、中
間区画壁３に水が通過するのを阻止する。したがって、
防水シート６は、水の通過を制限して空気を通過させる
プラスチックシートである。防水シート６は、好ましく
は水の通過を阻止して、空気のみを通過させるものが最
適である。The intermediate partition wall 3 has a waterproof sheet 6 stretched on the outer wall 1 side surface. The waterproof sheet 6 is provided in the outdoor hollow portion 4 between the intermediate partition wall 3 and the outer wall 1 to prevent water from passing through the intermediate partition wall 3. Therefore,
The waterproof sheet 6 is a plastic sheet that restricts the passage of water and allows air to pass through. The waterproof sheet 6 is preferably one that blocks passage of water and allows only air to pass.
【００２１】以上の中間区画壁３は、空気中の湿度で伸
縮する天然木材３Ａを、換気隙間７ができるように並べ
て固定しているが、本発明は中間区画壁３を天然木材に
特定しない。中間区画壁３には、天然木材以外の木材
を、湿度が高いときに隙間ができるように固定し、ある
いは湿度が高くても隙間ができないように固定して使用
することができる。また、中間区画壁３には合板も使用
できる。さらにまた、中間区画壁３には木材以外の石膏
ボードやＭＤＦなど、全ての板材を使用することができ
る。The intermediate partition wall 3 described above is fixed by arranging natural wood 3A which expands and contracts with humidity in the air so as to form a ventilation gap 7. However, the present invention does not specify the intermediate partition wall 3 as natural wood. . Wood other than natural wood can be fixed to the intermediate partition wall 3 so that a gap can be formed when the humidity is high, or fixed so that no gap can be formed even when the humidity is high. Plywood can also be used for the intermediate partition wall 3. Furthermore, all plate materials such as gypsum board and MDF other than wood can be used for the intermediate partition wall 3.
【００２２】さらに、壁構造は、中間区画壁３から離し
て外壁１を固定して、中間区画壁３と外壁１との間に屋
外側中空部４を設けている。図の壁構造は、中間区画壁
３の屋外側に断熱材８を固定する胴縁１１を固定し、こ
の胴縁１１に外壁１を固定している。胴縁１１は、断熱
材８を屋外側中空部４に配設している。この胴縁１１
は、断熱材８の側縁部を入れる凹部１７と、断熱材８を
固定する保持凸条１２を側面に設けている。保持凸条１
２は、側縁部を凹部１７に入れた断熱材８の表面に向か
って突出されて、断熱材８を取付パネル４０の表面に固
定する。図に示す胴縁１１は、横断面図形状をＴ字状と
して、両側面に凹部１７と保持凸条１２とを設けてい
る。この胴縁１１は、複数の断熱材８の境界に配設され
て、２枚の断熱材８を同時に取付パネル４０の定位置に
固定できる。図３と図４に示す壁構造は、中間区画壁３
を取付パネル４０としているので、胴縁１１の凹部１７
に入れた断熱材８を、取付パネル４０である中間区画壁
３と保持凸条１２とで挟着して固定している。さらに、
図５に示す壁構造は、外壁１を取付パネル４０としてい
るので、胴縁１１の凹部１７に入れた断熱材８を、取付
パネル４０である外壁１と保持凸条１２とで挟着して固
定している。このように、取付パネル４０と保持凸条１
２とで挟着して断熱材８を固定する構造は、胴縁１１と
断熱材８との間に隙間ができないように、取付パネル４
０に固定できる。Further, in the wall structure, the outer wall 1 is fixed apart from the intermediate partition wall 3, and the outdoor side hollow portion 4 is provided between the intermediate partition wall 3 and the outer wall 1. In the wall structure shown in the figure, a furring strip 11 for fixing the heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the outdoor side of the intermediate partition wall 3, and the outer wall 1 is fixed to this furring strip 11. The furring strip 11 has the heat insulating material 8 disposed in the outdoor hollow portion 4. This furring 11
Is provided with a concave portion 17 into which a side edge portion of the heat insulating material 8 is inserted and a holding ridge 12 for fixing the heat insulating material 8 on the side surface. Holding ridge 1
2 is projected toward the surface of the heat insulating material 8 having the side edge portion in the recess 17 to fix the heat insulating material 8 to the surface of the mounting panel 40. The furring strip 11 shown in the drawing has a T-shaped cross section, and is provided with a recess 17 and a holding ridge 12 on both side surfaces. The furring strip 11 is arranged at the boundary of the plurality of heat insulating materials 8 so that the two heat insulating materials 8 can be simultaneously fixed in place on the mounting panel 40. The wall structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is an intermediate partition wall 3
Since the mounting panel 40 is shown in FIG.
The heat insulating material 8 put in the above is fixed by being sandwiched between the intermediate partition wall 3 which is the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridge 12. further,
In the wall structure shown in FIG. 5, since the outer wall 1 is the mounting panel 40, the heat insulating material 8 put in the recess 17 of the furring strip 11 is sandwiched between the outer wall 1 which is the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridge 12. It is fixed. In this way, the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridges 1
The structure in which the heat insulating material 8 is fixed by being sandwiched between the mounting panel 4 and the heat insulating material 8 is provided so that no gap is formed between the furring strip 11 and the heat insulating material 8.
Can be fixed at 0.
【００２３】胴縁１１は、中間区画壁３の外側に垂直に
固定される。天然木材３Ａは水平に固定されるので、胴
縁１１は天然木材３Ａと直交して固定される。垂直の胴
縁１１は、断熱材８との間に換気ダクトを設ける縦溝１
３を設けている。この縦溝１３は、断熱材８を胴縁１１
に密着させる状態で、屋外側中空部４の空気を煙突のよ
うに効率よく自然対流できる。とくに、夏期の暑いとき
に、縦溝１３の換気ダクトで効率よく空気を対流させ
て、胴縁１１と屋外側中空部４を涼しくできる特長があ
る。さらに、図の胴縁１１は、取付パネル４０と対向パ
ネル４１との間にも縦溝１３を設けている。対向パネル
４１は、胴縁１１からみて、取付パネル４の取付面と反
対側に配設されるパネルである。したがって、図３で
は、中間区画壁３に対向する外壁１が対向パネル４１で
あり、図５では、外壁１に対向する中間区画壁３が対向
パネル４１である。このように、取付パネル４０や対向
パネル４１との間に設けられる縦溝１３も、胴縁１１を
密着させる状態で、屋外側中空部４の空気を効率よく自
然対流できる。胴縁１１は、釘止して、あるいは接着し
て取付パネル４０と対向パネル４１に固定される。胴縁
１１の縦溝１３は、上下の両端を屋外側中空部４に連通
させる。The furring strip 11 is vertically fixed to the outside of the intermediate partition wall 3. Since the natural wood 3A is fixed horizontally, the furring strip 11 is fixed orthogonally to the natural wood 3A. The vertical furring strip 11 is a vertical groove 1 provided with a ventilation duct between the vertical furring strip 11 and the heat insulating material 8.
3 is provided. In this vertical groove 13, the heat insulating material 8 is attached to the furring strip 11
The air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 can be efficiently convected naturally like a chimney in a state of being closely attached to the. In particular, when the summer is hot, there is a feature that air can be efficiently convected in the ventilation duct of the vertical groove 13 to cool the furring strip 11 and the outdoor hollow portion 4. Further, the furring strip 11 in the drawing is also provided with a vertical groove 13 between the mounting panel 40 and the opposing panel 41. The facing panel 41 is a panel disposed on the side opposite to the mounting surface of the mounting panel 4 when viewed from the furring strip 11. Therefore, in FIG. 3, the outer wall 1 facing the intermediate partition wall 3 is the facing panel 41, and in FIG. 5, the intermediate partition wall 3 facing the outer wall 1 is the facing panel 41. In this way, the vertical groove 13 provided between the mounting panel 40 and the counter panel 41 can also efficiently and naturally convect the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 in a state where the furring strip 11 is in close contact. The furring strip 11 is fixed to the mounting panel 40 and the counter panel 41 by nailing or bonding. The upper and lower ends of the vertical groove 13 of the furring strip 11 communicate with the outdoor-side hollow portion 4.
【００２４】図の外壁１は、胴縁１１に固定された下地
サイディング１Ｂとこの下地サイディング１Ｂの表面に
固定しているタイル等の外壁材１Ａである。外壁１に板
状のものを使用する場合、下地サイディング等を使用す
ることなく、胴縁１１に直接外壁１を固定することがで
きる。The outer wall 1 in the figure is a base siding 1B fixed to the furring strip 11 and an outer wall material 1A such as a tile fixed to the surface of the base siding 1B. When a plate-shaped outer wall 1 is used, the outer wall 1 can be directly fixed to the furring strip 11 without using base siding or the like.
【００２５】以上の壁構造は、外壁１と中間区画壁３と
の間に設けられた屋外側中空部４に断熱材８を配設して
いる。ただ、断熱材は、図示しないが、中間区画壁と室
内プレートとの間に設けられた室内側中空部に配設する
こともできる。室内側中空部に配設される断熱材は、室
内プレートの室外側の表面に固定し、あるいは、中間区
画壁の室内側の表面に固定する。断熱材は、胴縁で所定
の位置に固定される。断熱材を室内プレートの室外側に
固定する壁構造は、室内プレートを取付パネルとして、
胴縁の凹部に入れた断熱材を、室内プレートと保持凸条
とで挟着して定位置に固定する。また、断熱材を中間区
画壁の室内側に固定する壁構造は、中間区画壁を取付パ
ネルとして、胴縁の凹部に入れた断熱材を、中間区画壁
と保持凸条とで挟着して定位置に固定する。これらの壁
構造は、室内側中空部を有効に断熱できる。さらに、断
熱材は、屋外側中空部と室内側中空部の両方に配設でき
るのは言うまでもない。In the above wall structure, the heat insulating material 8 is arranged in the outdoor hollow portion 4 provided between the outer wall 1 and the intermediate partition wall 3. However, although not shown, the heat insulating material may be disposed in the indoor hollow portion provided between the intermediate partition wall and the indoor plate. The heat insulating material arranged in the hollow portion on the indoor side is fixed to the surface on the outdoor side of the indoor plate or fixed to the surface on the indoor side of the intermediate partition wall. The heat insulating material is fixed in place at the furring strip. The wall structure that fixes the heat insulating material to the outdoor side of the indoor plate uses the indoor plate as a mounting panel.
The heat insulating material placed in the concave portion of the furring strip is sandwiched between the indoor plate and the holding ridge and fixed in place. In addition, the wall structure for fixing the heat insulating material to the indoor side of the intermediate partition wall is such that the intermediate partition wall is used as a mounting panel and the heat insulating material placed in the concave portion of the furring strip is sandwiched between the intermediate partition wall and the holding ridge. Fix in place. These wall structures can effectively insulate the indoor hollow portion. Further, it goes without saying that the heat insulating material can be disposed in both the outdoor hollow portion and the indoor hollow portion.
【００２６】さらに、以上の壁構造は、外壁１と室内プ
レート２との間に中間区画壁３を配設して、中間区画壁
３の両面に屋外側中空部４と室内側中空部５とを設けて
いる。ただ、本発明の建物は、必ずしも外壁と室内プレ
ートとの間に屋外側中空部と室内側中空部とを設ける必
要はなく、図９に示す壁構造とすることもできる。この
壁構造は、柱１４の室内側に室内プレート２を固定し
て、屋外側に外壁１を固定している。さらに、外壁１の
室内側の表面に、胴縁１１で断熱材８を固定している。Further, in the above wall structure, the intermediate partition wall 3 is arranged between the outer wall 1 and the indoor plate 2, and the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the indoor hollow portion 5 are provided on both surfaces of the intermediate partition wall 3. Is provided. However, the building of the present invention does not necessarily need to have the outdoor hollow portion and the indoor hollow portion between the outer wall and the indoor plate, and may have the wall structure shown in FIG. 9. In this wall structure, the indoor plate 2 is fixed to the indoor side of the pillar 14, and the outer wall 1 is fixed to the outdoor side. Further, a heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the surface of the outer wall 1 on the indoor side by a furring strip 11.
【００２７】この壁構造は、外壁１を取付パネル４０と
して、胴縁１１の凹部１７に入れた断熱材８を外壁１と
保持凸条１２とで挟着して定位置に固定している。図に
おいて、隣り合う断熱材８の境界に配設される胴縁１１
は、両側面に凹部１７と保持凸条１２とを設けて、１つ
の胴縁１１で２つの断熱材８を取付パネル４０に固定し
ている。さらに、柱１４と断熱材８の境界に配設される
胴縁１１は、断熱材８側の側面にのみ凹部１７と保持凸
条１２とを設けて、反対側の側面を柱１４の側面に密着
させる状態で取付パネル４０に固定して、断熱材８を取
付パネル４０の表面に固定している。さらに、胴縁１１
の室内側には、筋かい１５を配設している。胴縁１１
は、筋かい１５に固定することもできる。図の胴縁１１
は、外壁１を取付パネル４０として、断熱材８を外壁１
側に配設しているが、図において胴縁の上下を反対にし
て、すなわち室内プレートを取付パネルとして、断熱材
を室内プレート側に固定することもできる。In this wall structure, the outer wall 1 is used as a mounting panel 40, and the heat insulating material 8 placed in the concave portion 17 of the furring strip 11 is sandwiched between the outer wall 1 and the holding ridges 12 and fixed in place. In the figure, the furring strip 11 arranged at the boundary between the adjacent heat insulating materials 8
Is provided with a concave portion 17 and a holding convex strip 12 on both side surfaces, and the two heat insulating materials 8 are fixed to the mounting panel 40 by one furring strip 11. Further, the furring strip 11 arranged at the boundary between the pillar 14 and the heat insulating material 8 is provided with the concave portion 17 and the holding ridge 12 only on the side surface on the heat insulating material 8 side, and the opposite side surface is formed on the side surface of the pillar 14. The heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the surface of the mounting panel 40 by fixing the heat insulating material 8 to the mounting panel 40 in a state of being closely attached. Furthermore, the furry rim 11
A brace 15 is provided on the indoor side of the. Furry 11
Can also be fixed to the brace 15. Furry edge 11
Uses the outer wall 1 as the mounting panel 40 and the heat insulating material 8 as the outer wall 1.
However, it is also possible to fix the heat insulating material to the indoor plate side by turning the furring strips upside down in the figure, that is, using the indoor plate as a mounting panel.
【００２８】さらにまた、ツーバイフォーの建物におい
ては、図１０に示す構造で壁に断熱材８を配設できる。
この図に示す壁構造は、床と梁に固定されて互いに連結
される枠付パネル４２に断熱材８を固定している。枠付
パネル４２は、構造体合板４２Ａの片面に、枠組みされ
た取付枠４２Ｂを固定している。構造体合板４２Ａは、
たとえば、厚さを１０〜２０ｍｍ、好ましくは１５ｍｍ
とする合板で、この構造体合板４２Ａを取付パネル４０
としている。図に示す枠付パネル４２は、取付枠４２Ｂ
を固定している面の表面に胴縁１１を固定して断熱材８
を固定している。ただ、枠付パネル４２は、図１１に示
すように、取付枠４２Ｂを固定している面と反対側の面
に胴縁１１を固定して断熱材８を固定することもでき
る。この壁構造は、取付パネル４０である構造体合板４
２Ａの、断熱材８が固定される面を建物の外側に配置す
る状態で枠付パネル４２を床と梁に固定して、建物の屋
外側に断熱材８を配設している。この壁構造は、胴縁１
１に固定される外壁１と枠付パネル４２との間に屋外側
中空部４を設けることができる。Furthermore, in a two-by-four building, the heat insulating material 8 can be arranged on the wall with the structure shown in FIG.
In the wall structure shown in this figure, the heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the framed panel 42 that is fixed to the floor and the beams and is connected to each other. The framed panel 42 has a framed mounting frame 42B fixed to one surface of the structural plywood 42A. The structure plywood 42A is
For example, the thickness is 10 to 20 mm, preferably 15 mm
This structure plywood 42A is attached to the mounting panel 40.
I am trying. The framed panel 42 shown in the figure is a mounting frame 42B.
The insulating material 8 is fixed by fixing the furring strip 11 to the surface of the surface fixing the
Is fixed. However, in the framed panel 42, as shown in FIG. 11, the furring strip 11 can be fixed to the surface opposite to the surface to which the mounting frame 42B is fixed to fix the heat insulating material 8. This wall structure is a structure plywood 4 which is a mounting panel 40.
The framed panel 42 is fixed to the floor and the beam in a state where the surface of 2A to which the heat insulating material 8 is fixed is arranged outside the building, and the heat insulating material 8 is arranged on the outdoor side of the building. This wall structure is furring 1
It is possible to provide the outdoor side hollow portion 4 between the outer wall 1 fixed to 1 and the framed panel 42.
【００２９】さらに、図１２は床構造を示す。この図の
床構造は、根太や大引き等の下地材１６の上にプラット
ホーム２４を固定し、プラットホーム２４の上に床板２
３を固定して、プラットホーム２４と床板２３との間に
室内側中空部５を設けている。プラットホーム２４は、
コンパネ等の合板である。プラットホームには、合板の
上に、前述の壁構造の中間区画壁と同じ構造の天然木材
を同じように固定することもできる。また、合板を使用
することなく、壁の中間区画壁である天然木材を湿度で
自動調整される換気隙間ができるように下地材に固定す
ることもできる。天然木材のプラットホームは、その下
面に、壁構造と同じ防水シートを張設することもでき
る。防水シートは、床下の水分がプラットホームを濡ら
すのを防止する。ただ、床下には雨水が侵入することが
少ないので、防水シートは必ずしも張設する必要はない
のは言うまでもない。Further, FIG. 12 shows a floor structure. In the floor structure shown in this figure, the platform 24 is fixed on the base material 16 such as joists or large pulls, and the floor board 2 is placed on the platform 24.
3 is fixed, and the indoor side hollow portion 5 is provided between the platform 24 and the floor plate 23. The platform 24
It is plywood such as control panels. On the platform, natural wood having the same structure as the intermediate partition wall of the above-mentioned wall structure can be similarly fixed on the plywood. Further, without using plywood, it is also possible to fix the natural wood, which is the intermediate partition wall of the wall, to the base material so that a ventilation gap is automatically adjusted by humidity. The natural wood platform can also have the same tarpaulin stretched on the underside as the wall structure. The tarpaulin prevents moisture under the floor from wetting the platform. However, it goes without saying that it is not always necessary to stretch the waterproof sheet because rainwater does not intrude under the floor.
【００３０】プラットホーム２４の上には、胴縁１１を
介して床板２３を固定している。床板２３とプラットホ
ーム２４との間に室内側中空部５を設けて、ここに断熱
材８を配設している。断熱材８は、壁構造と同じ胴縁１
１でもって、室内側中空部５に配置される。図に示す床
構造は、床板２３を取付パネル４０として、プラットホ
ーム２４を対向パネル４１としている。すなわち、この
床構造は、胴縁１１の凹部１７に入れた断熱材８を、取
付パネル４０である床板２３と保持凸条１２とで挟着し
て固定している。胴縁１１は、対向パネル４１であるプ
ラットホーム２４に保持凸条１２を固定している。この
胴縁１１は、断熱材８を床板２３の下面に密着して固定
できる。床は、プラットホーム２４が充分な強度を有す
る場合、根太を省略して大引きにプラットホーム２４を
固定することができる。さらに、図の床構造は、床板２
３の下に床暖房シート３４を敷設して床暖房できる。A floor plate 23 is fixed on the platform 24 via the furring strip 11. The indoor hollow portion 5 is provided between the floor plate 23 and the platform 24, and the heat insulating material 8 is disposed therein. The heat insulating material 8 is the same furring strip 1 as the wall structure.
1, and is disposed in the indoor hollow portion 5. In the floor structure shown in the figure, the floor plate 23 is used as a mounting panel 40, and the platform 24 is used as a facing panel 41. That is, in this floor structure, the heat insulating material 8 put in the concave portion 17 of the furring strip 11 is fixed by being sandwiched between the floor plate 23 which is the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridge 12. The furring strip 11 has the holding ridges 12 fixed to the platform 24 that is the facing panel 41. This furring strip 11 can fix the heat insulating material 8 in close contact with the lower surface of the floor plate 23. If the platform 24 has sufficient strength, the floor can be fixed to the platform 24 by omitting joists and pulling the platform 24 out. Furthermore, the floor structure in the figure is the floorboard 2
A floor heating sheet 34 can be laid under 3 to heat the floor.
【００３１】さらに、床構造は、図１３に示すように、
胴縁１１を図１の姿勢とは上下反転して、すなわち、プ
ラットホーム２４を取付パネル４０とし、床板２３を対
向パネル４１として、プラットホーム２４と床板２３の
間に固定することもできる。この床構造は、断熱材８を
プラットホーム２４に密着するように固定する。胴縁１
１は、保持凸条１２を対向パネル４１である床板２３の
下面に固定して、断熱材８を取付パネル４０であるプラ
ットホーム２４に密着している。この床構造は、図１４
に示すように、床板２３の下側であって断熱材８の上側
に暖房パネル３５を配置して床板２３を加温できる。暖
房パネル３５は、胴縁１１の間にできる室内側中空部５
の全面に配置し、あるいは室内側中空部５の一部に配置
する。胴縁１１は、図１３に示すように、上面に横溝３
６を設けて、両側の室内側中空部５を連結している。こ
の構造は、暖房パネル３５で加熱された空気を、横溝３
６に通過させて隣の室内側中空部５に流入させる。この
ため、床板２３の全面を均一に加熱できる。とくに、室
内側中空部５の一部に暖房パネル３５を配置して、床板
２３の全面を均一に加温できる。Further, the floor structure, as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to fix the furring strip 11 upside down from the posture of FIG. 1, that is, to fix the platform 24 as the mounting panel 40 and the floor plate 23 as the facing panel 41 between the platform 24 and the floor plate 23. In this floor structure, the heat insulating material 8 is fixed so as to be in close contact with the platform 24. Furry 1
1, the holding ridges 12 are fixed to the lower surface of the floor plate 23 which is the facing panel 41, and the heat insulating material 8 is brought into close contact with the platform 24 which is the mounting panel 40. This floor structure is shown in FIG.
As shown in, the heating panel 35 can be arranged below the floor plate 23 and above the heat insulating material 8 to heat the floor plate 23. The heating panel 35 is formed by the interior hollow portion 5 formed between the furring strips 11.
Or on a part of the indoor-side hollow portion 5. As shown in FIG. 13, the furring strip 11 has a lateral groove 3 on its upper surface.
6 are provided to connect the inner hollow portions 5 on both sides. This structure allows the air heated by the heating panel 35 to flow into the lateral groove 3
6 and then flow into the adjacent indoor-side hollow portion 5. Therefore, the entire surface of the floor plate 23 can be heated uniformly. Particularly, the heating panel 35 is arranged in a part of the indoor side hollow portion 5 so that the entire surface of the floor plate 23 can be heated uniformly.
【００３２】さらに、床構造は、図１５に示すように、
胴縁１１で二層に断熱材８を固定することもできる。こ
の図に示す胴縁１１は、側面から突出する保持凸条１２
の両側に断熱材８の側縁部を案内する凹部１７を設けて
いる。この胴縁１１は、保持凸条１２の両側の凹部１７
に入れた断熱材８を、取付パネル４０と保持凸条１２と
で挟着して固定する。すなわち、この床構造は、床板２
３とプラットホーム２４の両方を取付パネル４０とし
て、断熱材８を床板２３の下面とプラットホーム２４の
上面とに密着して固定している。このように、二層に断
熱材８を配設する床構造は、優れた断熱特性を実現でき
る。ただ、図示しないが、この床構造と同様にして、
壁、屋根、天井等に二層に断熱材８を配設することもで
きる。Further, the floor structure is as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to fix the heat insulating material 8 in two layers with the furring strip 11. The furring strip 11 shown in this figure has a holding ridge 12 protruding from the side surface.
Recesses 17 for guiding the side edges of the heat insulating material 8 are provided on both sides of the. This furring strip 11 is provided with recesses 17 on both sides of the holding ridge 12.
The heat insulating material 8 put in the above is fixed by sandwiching it between the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridge 12. That is, this floor structure is the floorboard 2
3 and the platform 24 are both used as a mounting panel 40, and the heat insulating material 8 is fixed in close contact with the lower surface of the floor plate 23 and the upper surface of the platform 24. Thus, the floor structure in which the heat insulating material 8 is arranged in two layers can realize excellent heat insulating properties. However, although not shown, similar to this floor structure,
It is also possible to dispose the heat insulating material 8 in two layers on a wall, a roof, a ceiling or the like.
【００３３】さらに、二階の床は、図１２と図１４に示
すように、振動吸収するゴム状弾性シート３７を、胴縁
１１とプラットホーム２４の間に固定する。この床構造
は、床板２３の振動をゴム状弾性シート３７で吸収す
る。このため、二階の騒音が下の部屋に伝わるのを遮断
できる。断熱材８に使用される合成樹脂発泡体や無機繊
維の集合体は、音を吸収する性質がある。このため、二
階の騒音が下の部屋に伝わるのを、ゴム状弾性シート３
７と断熱材８の両方で有効に遮断できる。とくに、図１
５に示すように、胴縁１１とプラットホーム２４との間
にゴム状弾性シート３７を配置すると共に、胴縁１１で
二層に断熱材８を固定する床構造は、もっとも効率よく
騒音を遮断できる。Further, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 14, the second floor has a rubber-like elastic sheet 37 for absorbing vibration fixed between the furring strip 11 and the platform 24. In this floor structure, the vibration of the floor plate 23 is absorbed by the rubber-like elastic sheet 37. Therefore, the noise on the second floor can be blocked from being transmitted to the room below. The synthetic resin foam or inorganic fiber aggregate used for the heat insulating material 8 has a property of absorbing sound. Therefore, the noise on the second floor is transmitted to the lower room by the rubber-like elastic sheet 3
It can be effectively blocked by both 7 and the heat insulating material 8. In particular, Figure 1
As shown in FIG. 5, the floor structure in which the rubber-like elastic sheet 37 is arranged between the furring strip 11 and the platform 24 and the heat insulating material 8 is fixed in two layers by the furring strip 11 can most effectively shield noise. .
【００３４】さらに、断熱材８は、図１６に示す胴縁１
１で、壁、床、屋根、天井等に配設することもできる。
この図は、断熱材８を床に配設する状態を示している。
この胴縁１１は、断熱材８の側縁部を案内する凹部１７
を、側面の中間に縦方向に延長して設けたセンター溝と
している。さらに、この胴縁１１は、センター溝である
凹部１７の両側に保持凸条１２を設けている。この形状
の胴縁１１は、凹部１７に入れた断熱材８を両側の保持
凸条１２で挟着して保持する。この胴縁１１は、図にお
いて上下の両面に取付パネル４０を固定して、断熱材８
を取付パネル４０から離した状態で配設する。図に示す
胴縁１１は、下面をプラットホーム２４に、上面を床板
２３に固定しており、胴縁１１の凹部１７に入れた断熱
材８を室内側中空部５の中央部に配設している。この構
造の胴縁１１は、室内側中空部５を断熱材８で二層に区
画するので、断熱特性を向上できる特長がある。さら
に、二層に区画された室内側中空部の一部に暖房パネル
を配置して、床板を加温することもできる。Further, the heat insulating material 8 is the furring strip 1 shown in FIG.
It can also be installed on a wall, floor, roof, ceiling, etc.
This figure shows a state in which the heat insulating material 8 is arranged on the floor.
This furring strip 11 is a recess 17 that guides the side edge of the heat insulating material 8.
Is a center groove extending vertically in the middle of the side surface. Further, the furring strip 11 is provided with holding ridges 12 on both sides of a recess 17 which is a center groove. The furring strip 11 of this shape holds the heat insulating material 8 put in the recess 17 by sandwiching the holding projections 12 on both sides. The furring strips 11 are made by fixing the mounting panels 40 on both upper and lower surfaces in the figure, and
Is placed away from the mounting panel 40. The furring strip 11 shown in the figure has a lower surface fixed to the platform 24 and an upper surface fixed to the floor plate 23, and the heat insulating material 8 placed in the recessed portion 17 of the furring strip 11 is disposed in the center of the indoor hollow portion 5. There is. The furring strip 11 of this structure has a feature that the heat insulating property can be improved because the indoor hollow portion 5 is divided into two layers by the heat insulating material 8. Furthermore, a floor panel can be heated by arranging a heating panel in a part of the indoor side hollow part divided into two layers.
【００３５】さらに、図１７は屋根構造を示す。この図
の屋根構造は、たる木１８の上に中間区画壁３を固定し
ている。中間区画壁３は、壁構造と同じ天然木材を同じ
ように固定して設けられる。中間区画壁３の上面に防水
シート６を張設している。防水シート６は、壁構造のも
のと同じように、水の通過を制限して空気を通過させる
プラスチックシートである。さらに、中間区画壁３の上
に、胴縁１１を介して屋根の下地材１９を固定して、こ
の下地材１９と中間区画壁３との間に屋外側中空部４を
設けている。屋外側中空部４には、断熱材８を固定して
いる。断熱材８は、壁構造と同じ胴縁１１で屋外側中空
部４に固定される。図に示す屋根構造は、下地材１９を
取付パネル４０として、中間区画壁３を対向パネル４１
としている。すなわち、この屋根構造は、胴縁１１の凹
部１７に入れた断熱材８を、取付パネル４０である下地
材１９と保持凸条１２とで挟着して固定している。胴縁
１１は、対向パネル４１である中間区画壁３に保持凸条
１２を固定している。この胴縁１１は、断熱材８を下地
材１９の下面に密着して固定できる。ただ、屋根構造
は、図１８に示すように、胴縁１１を図１７の姿勢とは
上下反転して、すなわち、中間区画壁３を取付パネル４
０として、断熱材８を中間区画壁３の表面に固定するこ
ともできる。Further, FIG. 17 shows a roof structure. In the roof structure of this figure, the intermediate partition wall 3 is fixed on the rafter 18. The intermediate partition wall 3 is provided by fixing the same natural wood as the wall structure in the same manner. A waterproof sheet 6 is stretched on the upper surface of the intermediate partition wall 3. The waterproof sheet 6 is a plastic sheet that restricts the passage of water and allows air to pass therethrough, like the one having a wall structure. Further, a base material 19 for the roof is fixed on the intermediate partition wall 3 via the furring strip 11, and an outdoor-side hollow portion 4 is provided between the base material 19 and the intermediate partition wall 3. A heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the outdoor side hollow portion 4. The heat insulating material 8 is fixed to the outdoor hollow portion 4 with the furring strip 11 having the same wall structure. In the roof structure shown in the figure, the base material 19 is used as the mounting panel 40, and the intermediate partition wall 3 is used as the facing panel 41.
I am trying. That is, in this roof structure, the heat insulating material 8 put in the concave portion 17 of the furring strip 11 is fixed by being sandwiched between the base material 19 which is the mounting panel 40 and the holding ridge 12. The furring strip 11 has the holding ridges 12 fixed to the intermediate partition wall 3, which is the facing panel 41. The furring strip 11 can fix the heat insulating material 8 by closely contacting it with the lower surface of the base material 19. However, in the roof structure, as shown in FIG. 18, the furring strip 11 is turned upside down from the posture of FIG. 17, that is, the intermediate partition wall 3 is attached to the mounting panel 4.
The heat insulating material 8 can be fixed to the surface of the intermediate partition wall 3 as 0.
【００３６】さらに、図１７と図１８の屋根構造は、下
地材１９の上に瓦やスレート等の屋根材２０を固定して
いる。図の屋根構造は、たる木１８の室内側に室内プレ
ート２を固定して、中間区画壁３と室内プレート２との
間に屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６を設け
ている。ただし、屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダク
トは、天井裏にたる木から離れて、室内プレートを固定
して設けることもできる。さらに、天井板を室内プレー
トとして、天井板と中間区画壁との間に設けることもで
きる。Further, in the roof structure shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, a roof material 20 such as a tile or a slate is fixed on a base material 19. In the roof structure shown in the figure, the indoor plate 2 is fixed to the indoor side of the rafter 18, and the ceiling duct 26, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, is provided between the intermediate partition wall 3 and the indoor plate 2. However, the in-ceiling duct, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, can be provided by fixing the indoor plate apart from the tree that is behind the ceiling. Further, the ceiling plate may be an indoor plate and may be provided between the ceiling plate and the intermediate partition wall.
【００３７】断熱材８は、合成樹脂を板状に発泡成形し
たものが使用される。この断熱材８は、所定の厚さに成
形されたものを所定の形状に裁断して、胴縁１１で取付
パネル４０に固定される。この断熱材８は、能率良く施
工できる特長がある。ただ、断熱材８は、図１９に示す
ように、中間断熱材層８Ａの両面に表面板８Ｂを積層し
たものとすることもできる。この構造の断熱材８は、中
間断熱材層８Ａの両面に表面板８Ｂを配設しているの
で、中間断熱材層８Ａとしてガラス繊維や木材チップ等
を充填することができる。表面板８Ｂには、合板等の木
材や硬質のプラスチック板、または、鉄板、アルミ箔等
が使用できる。As the heat insulating material 8, a plate-shaped synthetic resin foam-molded is used. The heat insulating material 8 is formed into a predetermined thickness, cut into a predetermined shape, and fixed to the mounting panel 40 by the furring strip 11. This heat insulating material 8 has a feature that it can be installed efficiently. However, as shown in FIG. 19, the heat insulating material 8 may be one in which the surface plates 8B are laminated on both surfaces of the intermediate heat insulating material layer 8A. In the heat insulating material 8 having this structure, since the surface plates 8B are arranged on both surfaces of the intermediate heat insulating material layer 8A, glass fibers, wood chips, or the like can be filled as the intermediate heat insulating material layer 8A. Wood such as plywood or a hard plastic plate, an iron plate, an aluminum foil, or the like can be used for the surface plate 8B.
【００３８】以上の構造で、断熱材８を、壁、床、屋
根、天井等に配設してなる壁構造と床構造と屋根構造を
有する建物の一例を図２０に示す。図に示す建物は、以
下のようにして換気できる構造としている。この建物の
壁構造は、建物の屋外側に位置する外壁１と建物の室内
側に位置する室内プレート２との間に中間区画壁３を設
けている。さらに、壁構造は、外壁１と中間区画壁３と
の間に屋外側中空部４を設けて、中間区画壁３と室内プ
レート２との間に室内側中空部５を設けている。屋外側
中空部４は、上端部と下端部を建物の外部に換気できる
構造として、外気を換気できるようにしている。FIG. 20 shows an example of a building having a wall structure, a floor structure, and a roof structure having the above-described structure in which the heat insulating material 8 is arranged on walls, floors, roofs, ceilings, and the like. The building shown in the figure has a structure that allows ventilation as follows. In the wall structure of this building, an intermediate partition wall 3 is provided between an outer wall 1 located on the outdoor side of the building and an indoor plate 2 located on the indoor side of the building. Furthermore, in the wall structure, the outdoor side hollow portion 4 is provided between the outer wall 1 and the intermediate partition wall 3, and the indoor side hollow portion 5 is provided between the intermediate partition wall 3 and the indoor plate 2. The outdoor side hollow portion 4 has a structure in which the upper end portion and the lower end portion can be ventilated to the outside of the building so that the outside air can be ventilated.
【００３９】さらに、建物の床構造は、室内側の床板２
３と床下側に設けているプラットホーム２４との間に隙
間を設けて室内側中空部５を設けている。壁の室内側中
空部５と床の室内側中空部５とは互いに連通している。
壁又は床の室内側中空部５は、室内換気ダクト２５を介
して室内に連結している。室内換気ダクト２５には、麦
飯石、珪藻土、活性炭、木材チップ等の濾過材４３を設
けて、空気を濾過して室内に流入する構造にできる。こ
れ等の濾過材４３は交換できるように、室内換気ダクト
２５の開口部又は内部に、あるいは室内側中空部に配設
される。Further, the floor structure of the building is the floorboard 2 on the indoor side.
3 and the platform 24 provided on the underside of the floor, a room-side hollow portion 5 is provided with a gap provided therebetween. The interior hollow part 5 of the wall and the interior hollow part 5 of the floor communicate with each other.
The indoor hollow portion 5 of the wall or floor is connected to the room via the indoor ventilation duct 25. The indoor ventilation duct 25 may be provided with a filtering material 43 such as barley stone, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and wood chips to filter the air to flow into the room. These filter materials 43 are disposed in the opening or inside of the indoor ventilation duct 25 or in the indoor hollow portion so that they can be replaced.
【００４０】さらにまた、建物の屋根裏には屋根の室内
側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６を設けている。この屋
根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６は、壁の室内
側中空部５に連結している。壁と床に設けている室内側
中空部５と、屋根裏に設けている屋根の室内側中空部で
ある天井裏ダクト２６とは、互いに連結されて空気を循
環できる状態としている。Furthermore, an attic duct 26 which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof is provided in the attic of the building. The ceiling back duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof, is connected to the indoor hollow portion 5 of the wall. The indoor hollow portion 5 provided on the wall and the floor and the ceiling back duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof provided on the attic, are connected to each other so that air can be circulated.
【００４１】この構造の建物は、夏期と冬期、いいかえ
ると暑いときと寒いときに、空気の循環状態をコントロ
ールして、室内環境を快適にする。図２１は夏期、すな
わち暑いときに、屋外側中空部４と室内側中空部５に空
気を循環させる状態を示している。図２２は冬期、すな
わち寒いときに、屋外側中空部４と室内側中空部５に空
気を循環させる状態を示している。The building of this structure controls the air circulation state in summer and winter, or in other words, when it is hot and cold to make the indoor environment comfortable. FIG. 21 shows a state in which air is circulated through the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the indoor hollow portion 5 in the summer, that is, when it is hot. FIG. 22 shows a state in which air is circulated through the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the indoor hollow portion 5 in winter, that is, when it is cold.
【００４２】暑い夏においては、屋外側中空部４が、図
２３に示すように、下部から吸入した外気を上部から排
気する。外気は、屋外側中空部４の上部に設けている軒
下排気口２７から排気され、あるいは屋根の棟部に連結
している棟排気ダクト２８で排気する。屋外側中空部４
は、加温された空気が上昇するので、上部を開口して自
然に排気される。ただ、ファンで強制的に排気すること
もできる。ファンで強制排気して、多量の空気を排気で
きる。In the hot summer, the outdoor side hollow portion 4 exhausts the outside air sucked from the lower portion from the upper portion, as shown in FIG. The outside air is exhausted from the eaves outlet 27 provided at the upper part of the outdoor side hollow portion 4, or is exhausted by the ridge exhaust duct 28 connected to the roof ridge. Outdoor side hollow part 4
As the heated air rises, the upper part is opened and is naturally discharged. However, you can force exhaust with a fan. A large amount of air can be exhausted by forcibly exhausting with a fan.
【００４３】室内側中空部５に連結している屋根の室内
側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６には加熱された空気が
溜る。加熱された屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダク
ト２６の空気は、排気ファン２９で強制的に排気され
る。排気ファン２９は、建物の側面に、あるいは軒下に
吸入した空気を排気する。排気ファン２９は、屋根の室
内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の排気量を制御しな
がら、効率よく排気できる。排気ファン２９の運転は、
たとえば、屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６
の空気温度を検出する温度センサー３９で制御される。
温度センサー３９は、屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏
ダクト２６の空気温度が設定温度よりも高くなると排気
ファン２９を運転させ、設定温度よりも低くなると運転
を停止させる。さらに、排気ファン２９の運転は、空気
の湿度を検出する湿度センサー（図示せず）で制御する
こともできる。湿度センサーは、屋根の室内側中空部で
ある天井裏ダクト２６の空気の湿度を検出して、空気の
湿度が設定値よりも高くなると排気ファン２９を運転さ
せ、設定値よりも低くなると運転を停止させる。さら
に、排気ファン２９の運転は、温度と湿度の両方を検出
するセンサーで制御することもできる。ただ、屋根の室
内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の空気は、排気ファ
ンを使用しないで、自然に排気することもできる。屋根
の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の空気を自然に
排気するには、屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト
２６をダクト（図示せず）で建物外に連結する。加熱さ
れて軽くなった屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト
２６の空気は、ダクトを通過して建物外に排気される。The heated air collects in the ceiling back duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof connected to the indoor hollow portion 5. The air in the ceiling-inside duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the heated roof, is forcibly exhausted by the exhaust fan 29. The exhaust fan 29 exhausts the air sucked into the side surface of the building or under the eaves. The exhaust fan 29 can efficiently exhaust air while controlling the exhaust amount of the ceiling back duct 26 that is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof. The operation of the exhaust fan 29 is
For example, an in-ceiling duct 26 that is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof
It is controlled by a temperature sensor 39 that detects the temperature of the air.
The temperature sensor 39 operates the exhaust fan 29 when the air temperature of the ceiling back duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof, becomes higher than the set temperature, and stops the operation when the air temperature becomes lower than the set temperature. Further, the operation of the exhaust fan 29 can be controlled by a humidity sensor (not shown) that detects the humidity of the air. The humidity sensor detects the humidity of the air in the ceiling ceiling duct 26, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, and operates the exhaust fan 29 when the humidity of the air becomes higher than a set value, and when the humidity of the air becomes lower than the set value, the operation is started. Stop. Further, the operation of the exhaust fan 29 can be controlled by a sensor that detects both temperature and humidity. However, the air in the ceiling back duct 26, which is the hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, can be naturally discharged without using an exhaust fan. In order to naturally discharge the air in the ceiling back duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof, the ceiling back duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof is connected to the outside of the building by a duct (not shown). The air in the ceiling-inside duct 26, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the heated and lightened roof, passes through the duct and is exhausted to the outside of the building.
【００４４】屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２
６から空気が排気されると、室内側中空部５には、プラ
ットホーム２４を貫通して床下に開口している吸入口３
０から自然に空気が吸入される。床下は、図２０に示す
ように、土台４５を貫通して開口された貫通孔４６を介
して建物の外部と連通されている。外気は、この貫通孔
４６を通過して床下に吸入されて、吸入口３０から室内
側中空部５に吸入される。この図の建物は、プラットホ
ーム２４を貫通する吸入口３０から外気を室内側中空部
５に流入させているが、室内側中空部５には、図の鎖線
で示すように、壁の室内側中空部５の下部と屋外側中空
部４を連結している吸入口３０に通過させて、又は壁の
室内側中空部５の下部と建物外を連結している吸入口３
０に通過させて、屋外側中空部４の空気、または建物外
の空気を吸入させることもできる。Duct 2 behind the ceiling, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof
When the air is exhausted from 6, the intake hole 3 that penetrates the platform 24 and opens below the floor is provided in the indoor hollow portion 5.
Air is naturally inhaled from 0. As shown in FIG. 20, the underfloor is communicated with the outside of the building through a through hole 46 that is opened through the base 45. The outside air passes through the through holes 46 and is sucked under the floor, and then is sucked into the indoor hollow portion 5 through the suction port 30. In the building shown in this figure, outside air is allowed to flow into the indoor hollow portion 5 through the intake port 30 penetrating the platform 24. However, in the indoor hollow portion 5, as shown by the chain line in the figure, A suction port 3 that passes through a suction port 30 that connects the lower portion of the portion 5 and the outdoor hollow portion 4, or that connects the lower portion of the indoor hollow portion 5 of the wall and the outside of the building.
It is also possible to let the air pass through 0 to suck the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 or the air outside the building.
【００４５】室内空気を換気するときは、室外換気ダク
ト３１に通過させて室内空気を屋外側中空部５に強制的
に排気し、あるいは屋外換気ダクト３２に通過させて建
物外に強制的に排気する。室内側中空部５の空気が強制
的に排気されると、室内の圧力が低下するので、室内に
は自然に室内換気ダクト２５を通過して室内側中空部５
の空気が吸入される。以上の構造とは反対に、室内換気
ダクト２５から強制的に室内に空気を供給して、室内空
気を室外換気ダクト３１や屋外換気ダクト３２から排気
することもできる。空気を強制的に排気し、あるいは供
給するには、室外換気ダクト３１や屋外換気ダクト３２
にファン（図示せず）を連結し、このファンで強制送風
する。When the indoor air is ventilated, the indoor air is forced to be exhausted to the outdoor hollow portion 5 by passing through the outdoor ventilation duct 31, or is forced to be exhausted to the outside of the building by passing through the outdoor ventilation duct 32. To do. When the air in the indoor-side hollow portion 5 is forcibly discharged, the pressure in the room decreases, so that the indoor-side hollow portion 5 naturally passes through the indoor ventilation duct 25.
Air is inhaled. Contrary to the above structure, it is also possible to forcibly supply air to the room from the indoor ventilation duct 25 and exhaust the indoor air from the outdoor ventilation duct 31 or the outdoor ventilation duct 32. In order to forcibly exhaust or supply air, the outdoor ventilation duct 31 or the outdoor ventilation duct 32
A fan (not shown) is connected to the fan and this fan blows the air.
【００４６】暑い夏において、外気は、以下の、、
のいずれかの経路で室内側中空部５を通過する。
床下→吸入口３０→床の室内側中空部５→壁の室内
側中空部５→屋根の室内側中空部５→屋根の室内側中空
部である天井裏ダクト２６→排気ファン２９→建物外
建物外→吸入口３０→壁の室内側中空部５→屋根の
室内側中空部５→屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダク
ト２６→排気ファン２９→建物外
建物外→吸入口３０→床の室内側中空部５→壁の室
内側中空部５→屋根の室内側中空部５→屋根の室内側中
空部である天井裏ダクト２６→排気ファン２９→建物外In the hot summer, the outside air is
The interior hollow portion 5 is passed through either of the routes. Underfloor → Suction port 30 → Indoor hollow part 5 of the floor → Indoor hollow part 5 of the wall → Indoor hollow part 5 of the roof → Ceiling duct 26 that is the indoor hollow part of the roof → Exhaust fan 29 → Outside building Outside → Suction port 30 → Indoor hollow part 5 of the wall → Indoor hollow part 5 of the roof → Ceiling duct 26 which is the indoor hollow part of the roof → Exhaust fan 29 → Outside the building → Outside intake port 30 → Floor Indoor hollow part 5-> wall interior hollow part 5-> roof interior hollow part 5-> roof interior duct 26, which is the roof interior hollow part-> exhaust fan 29-> outside the building
【００４７】また、暑い夏において、外気は、以下の
またはの経路で屋外側中空部４を通過する。
建物外→屋外側中空部４の下部→屋外側中空部４→
軒下排気口２７→建物外
建物外→屋外側中空部４の下部→屋外側中空部４→
棟排気ダクト２８→建物外In the hot summer, the outside air passes through the outdoor hollow portion 4 by the following route or. Outside the building → Lower part of the outdoor hollow part 4 → Outdoor hollow part 4 →
Exhaust outlet 27 → Outside the building → Outside the building → Lower part of the outdoor hollow part 4 → Outdoor hollow part 4 →
Building exhaust duct 28 → Outside the building
【００４８】寒い冬期において、屋外側中空部４の空気
は、棟排気ダクト２８から排気しない。屋根で加温され
た空気の熱エネルギーを有効利用するためである。た
だ、空気を自然に排気する構造の軒下排気口２７は、壁
の上部で屋外側中空部４の空気を建物外に排気する。屋
根に設けている屋外側中空部４には太陽熱で加熱された
空気が溜る。したがって、屋根に溜る暖かい空気は、屋
根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６に供給され
る。In the cold winter season, the air in the outdoor side hollow portion 4 is not exhausted from the ridge exhaust duct 28. This is to effectively use the heat energy of the air heated on the roof. However, the eaves outlet 27, which has a structure for naturally exhausting air, exhausts the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 to the outside of the building at the upper part of the wall. The air heated by solar heat accumulates in the outdoor hollow portion 4 provided on the roof. Therefore, the warm air accumulated on the roof is supplied to the in-ceiling duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof.
【００４９】壁の室内側中空部５に連結している屋根の
室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６には、加温された
空気が蓄えられる。太陽熱で加温されると共に、屋外側
中空部４から加温された暖かい空気が供給されるからで
ある。屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の暖
かい空気は、循環ファン３３で室内側中空部５に循環さ
れる。循環ファン３３は、屋根の室内側中空部である天
井裏ダクト２６の暖かい空気を、床の室内側中空部５、
あるいは壁の室内側中空部５の下部に供給して、室内側
中空部５で循環させる。以上のように、屋根の屋外側中
空部４で加温された空気は、壁や床の室内側中空部５に
循環されて、熱エネルギーを有効利用する。The heated air is stored in the ceiling back duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof connected to the indoor hollow portion 5 of the wall. This is because the heated air is supplied from the outdoor hollow portion 4 while being heated by solar heat. The warm air in the ceiling back duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof, is circulated to the indoor hollow portion 5 by the circulation fan 33. The circulation fan 33 transfers the warm air in the ceiling back duct 26, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, to the hollow portion 5 on the indoor side of the floor,
Alternatively, it is supplied to the lower part of the inner hollow portion 5 of the wall and circulated in the inner hollow portion 5. As described above, the air heated in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof is circulated in the indoor hollow portion 5 of the wall or floor to effectively use the thermal energy.
【００５０】室内側中空部５を循環する空気の一部は、
室内換気ダクト２５を通過して室内に流入され、室内空
気は室外換気ダクト３１を介して屋外側中空部４に排気
され、あるいは屋外換気ダクト３２を介して建物外に排
気される。ただし、火災が発生したとき、排気ファン２
９と循環ファン３３は運転を停止する。A part of the air circulating in the indoor hollow portion 5 is
The indoor air passes through the indoor ventilation duct 25 and flows into the room, and the indoor air is exhausted to the outdoor hollow portion 4 via the outdoor ventilation duct 31 or to the outside of the building via the outdoor ventilation duct 32. However, when a fire occurs, the exhaust fan 2
9 and the circulation fan 33 stop the operation.
【００５１】屋根の屋外側中空部４の下部には軒下排気
口２７を設けている。屋根の屋外側中空部４の下部は、
壁の屋外側中空部４の上部に連結される。したがって、
軒下排気口２７は、壁の屋外側中空部４の上部に連結さ
れる。軒下排気口２７は、雨水が侵入しないように軒下
に開口される。軒下排気口２７は、壁の屋外側中空部４
で暖かくなった空気を、屋外に排気する。壁の屋外側中
空部４は、内部の空気を加温するので、下端から外気を
吸入して軒下排気口２７から屋外に排気して換気する。
図の建物は、壁の屋外側中空部４で暖められた空気の一
部を、軒下排気口２７から屋外に排気し、残りの一部を
屋根の屋外側中空部４に流入させる。本発明の建物は、
必ずしも軒下排気口２７を設ける必要はない。軒下排気
口２７のない建物は、壁の屋外側中空部４で加温された
空気を、屋根の屋外側中空部４に流入させる。図の建物
は、屋根に設けている屋外側中空部４の上部を、棟排気
ダクト２８に連結している。棟排気ダクト２８は、屋根
の棟部に設けられて、暑い夏期に、屋根の屋外側中空部
４の上部から加熱された空気を建物外に排気する。棟排
気ダクト２８は、寒い冬期には、屋外側中空部４の空気
を屋外に排気しない。棟排気ダクト２８は、温度によ
り、あるいは季節により、屋外側中空部４の空気の排気
を制御する。An eaves outlet 27 is provided below the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof. The lower part of the outdoor hollow part 4 of the roof is
It is connected to the upper part of the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the wall. Therefore,
The eaves outlet 27 is connected to the upper portion of the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the wall. The eaves outlet 27 is opened under the eaves so that rainwater does not enter. The eaves exhaust port 27 is a hollow part 4 on the outdoor side of the wall.
Exhaust the warmed air to the outdoors. The outdoor-side hollow portion 4 of the wall heats the inside air, so that the outside air is sucked in from the lower end and exhausted to the outside from the eaves outlet 27 for ventilation.
In the building shown in the figure, a part of the air warmed in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the wall is exhausted to the outside through the eaves outlet 27, and the remaining part is made to flow into the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof. The building of the present invention is
It is not always necessary to provide the eaves outlet 27. In a building without the eaves outlet 27, the air heated in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the wall flows into the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof. In the illustrated building, the upper part of the outdoor hollow portion 4 provided on the roof is connected to the ridge exhaust duct 28. The ridge exhaust duct 28 is provided in the ridge of the roof, and exhausts the heated air from the upper part of the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof to the outside of the building in the hot summer. The ridge exhaust duct 28 does not exhaust the air in the outdoor side hollow portion 4 to the outside in the cold winter. The ridge exhaust duct 28 controls the exhaust of air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 depending on the temperature or the season.
【００５２】図２３〜図２５の建物は、屋根に設けてい
る屋外側中空部４の上部を、連結ダクト３８を介して屋
根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６に連結してい
る。図２４と図２５の建物は、天井板の上で屋根裏のほ
ぼ全体を室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６としてい
る。そして、屋根の屋外側中空部４を棟までは延長する
ことなく、屋根の中間まで延長して、屋根の屋外側中空
部４の上部を屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２
６に連結している。さらにこれ等の図に示す建物は、屋
外側中空部４に、夏期の暑い空気を排気する排気ファン
２９を設け、冬期に屋根の屋外側中空部４の暖かい空気
を室内側中空部５に強制送風する循環ファン３３を設け
ている。In the buildings shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the upper portion of the outdoor hollow portion 4 provided on the roof is connected to the ceiling back duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof through the connecting duct 38. In the buildings shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, almost the entire attic on the ceiling plate is an indoor ceiling hollow duct 26. Then, the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof is extended to the middle of the roof without extending to the ridge, and the upper portion of the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof is the ceiling back duct 2 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof.
It is connected to 6. Further, in the building shown in these drawings, an exhaust fan 29 for exhausting hot air in summer is provided in the outdoor hollow portion 4, and warm air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof is forced to the indoor hollow portion 5 in winter. A circulation fan 33 for blowing air is provided.
【００５３】循環ファン３３は冬の寒いときに、屋根の
屋外側中空部４で加温されて暖かくなった空気を、屋根
の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６から、建物の北
側に位置する寒い壁の室内側中空部５に循環させる。た
だ、循環ファン３３は必ずしも北側の壁の室内側中空部
に空気を強制送風する必要はなく、たとえば、図示しな
いが、部屋を区画している間仕切壁に暖かい空気を強制
送風することもできる。排気ファン２９と循環ファン３
３は、温度センサー３９で運転が自動的に制御され、あ
るいは室内に設けられる操作スイッチ、あるいはリモー
トコントロール用の操作スイッチで運転が制御される。The circulation fan 33 is provided on the north side of the building for the air warmed by the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof when the winter is cold, from the ceiling ceiling duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof. It is circulated in the hollow part 5 on the indoor side of the cold wall. However, the circulation fan 33 does not necessarily need to forcibly blow the air to the indoor hollow portion of the north wall, and for example, although not shown, warm air can be forced to be blown to the partition wall while partitioning the room. Exhaust fan 29 and circulation fan 3
The operation of 3 is automatically controlled by the temperature sensor 39, or is controlled by an operation switch provided in the room or an operation switch for remote control.
【００５４】冬の寒いときには、温度センサー３９は、
排気ファン２９の運転を停止して、循環ファン３３を運
転して、図２４に示すよう空気を循環させる。また手動
スイッチやリモコンで同じように排気ファン２９と循環
ファン３３を制御することもできる。このように運転さ
れると、循環ファン３３は、屋根で暖かく加温された空
気を吸入して、壁の室内側中空部５に強制的に循環させ
る。循環ファン３３で強制送風される暖かい空気は、壁
の室内側中空部５から床の室内側中空部５を通過し、
壁、あるいは屋根の下部において、室内側中空部５から
屋外側中空部４に流入して、屋根の屋外側中空部４に流
入して再加温され、再び循環ファン３３で強制送風され
る。屋根は、図２４に示すように、中間区画壁３に貫通
孔４４を設けて、室内側中空部５の空気を屋外側中空部
４に流入できる。貫通孔は、図示しないが壁の中間区画
壁に設けることもできる。また、壁の中間区画壁３は、
空気中の湿度で伸縮する天然木材３Ａを使用してできる
換気隙間７から、室内側中空部５から屋外側中空部４に
空気を流入させることもできる。When it is cold in winter, the temperature sensor 39 is
The operation of the exhaust fan 29 is stopped and the circulation fan 33 is operated to circulate the air as shown in FIG. Further, the exhaust fan 29 and the circulation fan 33 can be controlled in the same manner by a manual switch or a remote controller. When operated in this way, the circulation fan 33 draws in the air warmly heated on the roof and forcibly circulates it through the indoor-side hollow portion 5 of the wall. The warm air forcibly blown by the circulation fan 33 passes from the inner hollow part 5 of the wall to the inner hollow part 5 of the floor,
In the wall or the lower part of the roof, the air flows from the indoor hollow portion 5 into the outdoor hollow portion 4, flows into the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof, is reheated, and is forcedly blown again by the circulation fan 33. As shown in FIG. 24, the roof is provided with through holes 44 in the intermediate partition wall 3 so that the air in the indoor hollow portion 5 can flow into the outdoor hollow portion 4. Although not shown, the through hole may be provided in the intermediate partition wall of the wall. Also, the intermediate partition wall 3 of the wall is
It is also possible to let air flow from the indoor hollow portion 5 into the outdoor hollow portion 4 through the ventilation gap 7 formed by using the natural wood 3A that expands and contracts due to the humidity in the air.
【００５５】夏期の暑いときは、循環ファン３３の運転
を停止して、排気ファン２９を運転する。排気ファン２
９は、図２５の矢印で示すように、屋根の屋外側中空部
４の空気を強制的に排気して、屋根を涼しくする。さら
に、排気ファン２９は、屋根の室内側中空部である天井
裏ダクト２６の空気が暑くなると、このことを温度セン
サー３９で検出して、天井裏ダクト２６の空気を建物外
に排気することもできる。この場合、循環ファン３３を
逆回転させて、天井裏ダクト２６から屋根の屋外側中空
部４に送風することもできる。ただし、連結ダクト３８
にシャッター（図示せず）を設けて、循環ファン３３を
運転することなく、シャッターを開いて、天井裏ダクト
２６から屋外側中空部４に空気を流入させることもでき
る。シャッターは、連結ダクト３８に空気を通過させる
ときに開かれ、連結ダクト３８に空気を通過させないと
き、たとえば、排気ファン２９を運転して天井裏ダクト
２６の空気を排気しないときに閉じられる。When it is hot in summer, the circulation fan 33 is stopped and the exhaust fan 29 is operated. Exhaust fan 2
As shown by the arrow in FIG. 25, 9 forcibly discharges the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof to cool the roof. Further, the exhaust fan 29 may detect this with the temperature sensor 39 when the air in the ceiling behind duct 26, which is a hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, becomes hot, and may exhaust the air in the ceiling behind duct 26 to the outside of the building. it can. In this case, the circulation fan 33 can be rotated in the reverse direction so that the air is blown from the back-of-ceiling duct 26 to the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof. However, the connecting duct 38
It is also possible to provide a shutter (not shown) in the above and open the shutter to allow air to flow into the outdoor hollow portion 4 from the ceiling back duct 26 without operating the circulation fan 33. The shutter is opened when air is allowed to pass through the connecting duct 38, and is closed when air is not allowed to pass through the connecting duct 38, for example, when the exhaust fan 29 is operated and the air in the ceiling duct 26 is not exhausted.
【００５６】図２３の建物は、夏期の暑いときには、屋
根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の空気を連結
ダクト３８に通過させて、屋外側中空部４に流入させて
棟排気ダクト２８から屋外に排気する。図２４と図２５
の建物は、屋外側中空部４と天井裏ダクト２６とを連結
ダクト３８で連結しているので、屋外側中空部４に設け
た排気ファン２９が、屋外側中空部４と天井裏ダクト２
６の両方の空気を建物外に排気できる。ただし、本発明
の建物は、屋根の屋外側中空部の空気と天井裏ダクト２
６の空気を別々に建物外に排気することもできる。この
建物は、屋根の屋外側中空部と天井裏ダクトとを連結ダ
クトで連結する必要がない。この建物は、図２０ないし
図２２に示すように、屋根の屋外側中空部４の空気を棟
排気ダクト２８で建物外に排気して、屋根の室内側中空
部である天井裏ダクト２６の空気を排気ファン２９で強
制的に屋外に排気する。図２１と図２２の建物は、屋根
の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の空気を排気す
るために、排気を制御できる排気ファン２９を屋根の室
内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６に連結している。排
気ファン２９は、暑い夏期に、室内側中空部である屋根
の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６の空気を建物外
に排気する。In the building shown in FIG. 23, when the summer is hot, the air in the ceiling-inside duct 26, which is the hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof, passes through the connecting duct 38 and flows into the outdoor-side hollow portion 4, and the building exhaust duct 28. Exhaust from outside. 24 and 25
In this building, since the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the in-ceiling duct 26 are connected by the connecting duct 38, the exhaust fan 29 provided in the outdoor hollow portion 4 causes the outdoor-side hollow portion 4 and the in-ceiling duct 2 to be connected.
Both airs of 6 can be exhausted outside the building. However, in the building of the present invention, the air in the hollow portion on the outdoor side of the roof and the ceiling duct 2
It is also possible to separately exhaust the air of 6 outside the building. In this building, it is not necessary to connect the outdoor hollow portion of the roof and the above-ceiling duct with a connecting duct. In this building, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof is exhausted outside the building by the ridge exhaust duct 28, and the air in the ceiling duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof, is exhausted. Is forcibly exhausted outdoors by the exhaust fan 29. In the buildings shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, in order to exhaust the air in the ceiling-inside duct 26, which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof, an exhaust fan 29 whose exhaust can be controlled is installed in the ceiling-inside duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof. It is connected. The exhaust fan 29 exhausts the air in the ceiling behind duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof which is the indoor hollow portion to the outside of the building in the hot summer.
【００５７】図２３の建物も、図２４と図２５の建物の
ように、屋外側中空部４と屋根の室内側中空部である天
井裏ダクト２６とを連結する連結ダクト３８を設けてい
るので、寒い冬期には、屋根の屋外側中空部４で加温さ
れた空気を棟排気ダクト２８で屋外に排気することな
く、屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト２６に流入
して、壁と床の室内側中空部５に循環させることができ
る。Like the buildings of FIGS. 24 and 25, the building of FIG. 23 is also provided with a connecting duct 38 for connecting the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the ceiling back duct 26 which is the indoor hollow portion of the roof. In the cold winter season, the air heated in the hollow portion 4 on the outdoor side of the roof does not exhaust to the outside in the building exhaust duct 28 and flows into the duct 26 behind the ceiling, which is the hollow portion on the indoor side of the roof. And can be circulated to the indoor hollow portion 5 of the floor.
【００５８】壁と床と屋根に、室内側中空部５を設けて
いる建物は、夏期と冬期に理想的な環境にできる。図２
２と図２４の建物は、寒い冬期に、屋根に設けている循
環ファン３３で、屋根で暖められた空気を、壁と床の室
内側中空部５に循環して、建物の壁面を暖かくできる。
室内側中空部５は、中間区画壁３と防水シート６を介し
て屋外側中空部４に連結されるので、湿度が低いとき
は、屋外側中空部４と室内側中空部５とが換気されて、
室内を快適にできる。また、夏期においては、屋根の屋
外側中空部４の空気を外部に排気して、建物を涼しくで
きる。A building in which the interior hollow portion 5 is provided on the wall, floor and roof can be made into an ideal environment in summer and winter. Figure 2
In the buildings shown in FIGS. 2 and 24, in the cold winter, the circulation fan 33 provided on the roof circulates the air warmed by the roof to the indoor side hollow portion 5 of the wall and floor to warm the wall surface of the building. .
Since the indoor hollow portion 5 is connected to the outdoor hollow portion 4 via the intermediate partition wall 3 and the waterproof sheet 6, the outdoor hollow portion 4 and the indoor hollow portion 5 are ventilated when the humidity is low. hand,
You can make the room comfortable. Further, in the summer, the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof can be exhausted to the outside to cool the building.
【００５９】さらに、図２２に示すように、空気の循環
路に空気を加熱したり、あるいは冷却する熱交換器２２
を設けて、室内側中空部５に循環させる空気を快適な温
度に制御することができる。室内側中空部５の空気は、
内装材を透過し、あるいは内装材の隙間を通過して室内
に循環される。また、室内側中空部５と室内を換気量を
制御できる換気ダクトを連結して、室内側中空部５と室
内とで空気を循環させることができる。Further, as shown in FIG. 22, a heat exchanger 22 for heating or cooling air in the air circulation path.
Is provided to control the temperature of the air circulated in the indoor hollow portion 5 to a comfortable temperature. The air in the interior hollow part 5 is
It passes through the interior material or passes through the gap between the interior materials and is circulated in the room. Further, air can be circulated between the indoor hollow portion 5 and the room by connecting the indoor hollow portion 5 and a ventilation duct capable of controlling the ventilation amount in the room.
【００６０】さらに、建物は、図２６と図２７に示すよ
うに、軒下排気口に代わって、屋外垂直排気ダクト４７
を設けることもできる。図の建物は、二階建ての建物の
壁面に、一階の土台部分から二階の屋根部分まで延長し
て屋外垂直排気ダクト４７を設けている。屋外垂直排気
ダクト４７は、壁の屋外側中空部と屋根の屋外側中空部
４とに加えて、一階の床下と二階の床下とを連結してい
る。この屋外垂直排気ダクト４７は、暑い夏期に、屋外
側中空部４や二階の床下で暖かくなった空気を上端開口
部から屋外に排気する。さらに、屋外垂直排気ダクト４
７は、下端から一階の床下の空気や外気を吸入して屋外
に排気して換気する。この屋外垂直排気ダクト４７は、
寒い冬期には、屋外側中空部４の空気を屋外に排気しな
い。屋外垂直排気ダクト４７は、温度や湿度により、あ
るいは季節により、屋外側中空部４の空気の排気を制御
する。Further, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, the building has an outdoor vertical exhaust duct 47 instead of the eaves exhaust port.
Can be provided. In the building shown in the figure, an outdoor vertical exhaust duct 47 is provided on a wall surface of a two-story building by extending from a base portion on the first floor to a roof portion on the second floor. The outdoor vertical exhaust duct 47 connects the floor on the first floor and the floor on the second floor in addition to the outdoor hollow portion of the wall and the outdoor hollow portion 4 of the roof. The outdoor vertical exhaust duct 47 exhausts the warmed air under the outdoor hollow part 4 and the floor under the second floor from the upper end opening to the outdoors during the hot summer. Furthermore, outdoor vertical exhaust duct 4
7 inhales the air or the outside air on the first floor from the lower end and exhausts it to the outside for ventilation. This outdoor vertical exhaust duct 47
In the cold winter season, the air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 is not exhausted to the outside. The outdoor vertical exhaust duct 47 controls the exhaust of air in the outdoor hollow portion 4 depending on the temperature, the humidity, or the season.
【００６１】さらに、建物は、図２０に示すように、室
内側中空部５に充填部材４８を充填することもできる。
ここに充填される充填部材４８は、マイナスイオンを発
生させるものが使用できる。充填部材４８は、たとえ
ば、スギ、マツ等の針葉樹の木材チップである自然素材
や活性炭、竹炭等である。これらの充填部材４８は、た
とえば、床の室内側中空部５と壁の室内側中空部５に充
填される。室内側中空部５に充填された充填部材４８か
ら発生するマイナスイオンは、室内換気ダクト２５を通
過して室内に供給される。このように、室内にマイナス
イオンを含む空気を供給するシステムは、活性酸素等の
有害物質を除去して快適な生活空間を実現できる。Further, in the building, as shown in FIG. 20, the interior hollow portion 5 can be filled with the filling member 48.
As the filling member 48 filled here, one that generates negative ions can be used. The filling member 48 is, for example, a natural material that is a wood chip of a conifer such as cedar or pine, activated carbon, or bamboo charcoal. These filling members 48 are filled in, for example, the room inner hollow portion 5 of the floor and the room inner hollow portion 5 of the wall. Negative ions generated from the filling member 48 filled in the indoor hollow portion 5 pass through the indoor ventilation duct 25 and are supplied indoors. In this way, the system that supplies air containing negative ions to the room can remove harmful substances such as active oxygen and realize a comfortable living space.
【００６２】[0062]
【発明の効果】本発明の建物は、簡単かつ容易に、しか
も能率よく断熱材を固定しながら、優れた断熱特性を実
現できる特長がある。それは、本発明の建物が、断熱材
の側縁部を入れる凹部と、凹部に入れた断熱材の表面に
向かって突出された保持凸条とを側面に備える胴縁を、
取付パネルに所定の間隔で平行に固定しており、この胴
縁が、凹部に入れた断熱材を取付パネルと保持凸条とで
挟着して取付パネルに固定し、あるいは、凹部を側面の
中間に縦方向に延長して設けたセンター溝として、この
凹部に入れた断熱材を両側に設けた保持凸条で挟着して
取付パネルから離して固定しているからである。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The building of the present invention is characterized in that it is possible to easily and easily fix the heat insulating material efficiently and to realize excellent heat insulating properties. That is, the building of the present invention has a furring strip provided on a side surface with a concave portion for inserting a side edge portion of the heat insulating material, and a holding ridge protruding toward the surface of the heat insulating material placed in the concave portion,
It is fixed to the mounting panel in parallel at a predetermined interval, and this furring strip holds the heat insulating material placed in the concave portion between the mounting panel and the holding ridge to fix it to the mounting panel, or the concave portion on the side surface. This is because, as a center groove extending in the longitudinal direction in the middle, the heat insulating material placed in this recess is sandwiched between the holding ridges provided on both sides and is fixed away from the mounting panel.
【００６３】この構造の建物は、胴縁の凹部に入れた断
熱材の側縁部を保持凸条と取付パネルで挟着し、あるい
は胴縁の凹部の両側の保持凸条で挟着する状態で断熱材
を取付パネルに固定するので、この部分に隙間ができる
のを確実に阻止できる。とくに、この胴縁は、凹部に入
れた断熱材の側縁部の表面を保持凸条で被覆する状態で
保持して取付パネルに固定するので、断熱材の寸法に多
少の誤差があっても、その誤差を凹部で吸収しながら取
付パネルに固定できる。したがって、簡単かつ容易に、
しかも極めて能率よく断熱材を取付パネルに固定しなが
ら、長期間にわたって柱と断熱材との間に隙間ができる
のを阻止して優れた断熱特性を実現できる。このよう
に、本発明の建物は、簡単かつ容易に施工できると共
に、理想的な状態で建物の躯体を断熱して快適な生活環
境を実現できる。さらに、本発明の建物は、胴縁を直接
に取付パネルに固定しながら断熱材を固定するので、こ
の胴縁に外壁等の重いパネルを強固に固定できる特長も
ある。In the building of this structure, the side edge portions of the heat insulating material placed in the concave portion of the furring strip are sandwiched between the holding ridges and the mounting panels, or the holding ridges on both sides of the furring strip recess are sandwiched. Since the heat insulating material is fixed to the mounting panel with, it is possible to reliably prevent a gap from being formed in this portion. In particular, this furring strip is fixed to the mounting panel while holding the surface of the side edge of the heat insulating material placed in the concave portion in a state of being covered with the holding ridges, so even if there is some error in the dimensions of the heat insulating material. , The error can be absorbed by the concave portion and fixed to the mounting panel. Therefore, easily and easily
Moreover, while excellently efficiently fixing the heat insulating material to the mounting panel, it is possible to prevent a gap from being formed between the column and the heat insulating material for a long period of time, thereby realizing excellent heat insulating properties. As described above, the building of the present invention can be constructed easily and easily, and the skeleton of the building can be insulated in an ideal state to realize a comfortable living environment. Further, in the building of the present invention, since the heat insulating material is fixed while the furring strip is directly fixed to the mounting panel, a heavy panel such as an outer wall can be firmly fixed to the furring strip.
【図１】従来の建物の壁構造を示す概略断面図FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional wall structure of a building.
【図２】図１に示す壁構造の要部拡大断面図FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the wall structure shown in FIG.
【図３】本発明の一実施例にかかる建物の壁構造を示す
水平断面図FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view showing a wall structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】図３に示す壁構造の一部を除去した状態を示す
斜視図FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which a part of the wall structure shown in FIG. 3 is removed.
【図５】壁構造の他の一例を示す水平断面図FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view showing another example of the wall structure.
【図６】壁構造の他の一例を示す水平断面図FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view showing another example of the wall structure.
【図７】図５に示す壁構造の垂直断面図FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the wall structure shown in FIG.
【図８】壁構造の他の一例を示す垂直断面図FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of the wall structure.
【図９】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の壁構造を示
す水平断面図FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view showing a wall structure of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図１０】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の壁構造を
示す水平断面図FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view showing a wall structure of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図１１】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の壁構造を
示す水平断面図FIG. 11 is a horizontal sectional view showing a wall structure of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図１２】本発明の一実施例にかかる建物の床構造を示
す垂直断面図FIG. 12 is a vertical sectional view showing a floor structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図１３】床構造の他の一例を示す断面斜視図FIG. 13 is a sectional perspective view showing another example of the floor structure.
【図１４】床構造の他の一例を示す垂直断面図FIG. 14 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of the floor structure.
【図１５】床構造の他の一例を示す垂直断面図FIG. 15 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of the floor structure.
【図１６】床構造の他の一例を示す垂直断面図FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of the floor structure.
【図１７】本発明の一実施例にかかる建物の屋根構造を
示す垂直断面図FIG. 17 is a vertical sectional view showing a roof structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図１８】屋根構造の他の一例を示す垂直断面図FIG. 18 is a vertical sectional view showing another example of the roof structure.
【図１９】断熱材の他の一例を示す断面図FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a heat insulating material.
【図２０】本発明の一実施例にかかる建物の概略断面図FIG. 20 is a schematic sectional view of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２１】図２０に示す建物が夏期に空気を循環させる
状態を示す図FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a state where the building shown in FIG. 20 circulates air in the summer.
【図２２】図２０に示す建物が冬期に空気を循環させる
状態を示す図22 is a diagram showing a state in which the building shown in FIG. 20 circulates air in winter.
【図２３】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の概略断面
図FIG. 23 is a schematic sectional view of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図２４】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の概略断面
図FIG. 24 is a schematic sectional view of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図２５】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の概略断面
図FIG. 25 is a schematic sectional view of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図２６】本発明の他の実施例にかかる建物の側面図FIG. 26 is a side view of a building according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【図２７】図２６に示す建物の概略断面図27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building shown in FIG.
１…外壁 １Ａ…外壁材 １Ｂ
…下地サイディング
２…室内プレート ２Ａ…土壁
３…中間区画壁 ３Ａ…天然木材
４…屋外側中空部
５…室内側中空部
６…防水シート
７…換気隙間
８…断熱材 ８Ａ…中間断熱材層 ８Ｂ
…表面板
９…連結凸条
１０…連結溝
１１…胴縁
１２…保持凸条
１３…縦溝
１４…柱 １４Ａ…間柱
１５…筋かい
１６…下地材
１７…凹部
１８…たる木
１９…下地材
２０…屋根材
２２…熱交換器
２３…床板
２４…プラットホーム
２５…室内換気ダクト
２６…屋根の室内側中空部である天井裏ダクト
２７…軒下排気口
２８…棟排気ダクト
２９…排気ファン
３０…吸入口
３１…室外換気ダクト
３２…屋外換気ダクト
３３…循環ファン
３４…床暖房シート
３５…暖房パネル
３６…横溝
３７…ゴム状弾性シート
３８…連結ダクト
３９…温度センサー
４０…取付パネル
４１…対向パネル
４２…枠付パネル ４２Ａ…構造体合板 ４２
Ｂ…取付枠
４３…濾過材
４４…貫通孔
４５…土台
４６…貫通孔
４７…屋外垂直排気ダクト
４８…充填部材1 ... Outer wall 1A ... Outer wall material 1B
... Base siding 2 ... Indoor plate 2A ... Soil wall 3 ... Intermediate partition wall 3A ... Natural wood 4 ... Outdoor side hollow part 5 ... Indoor side hollow part 6 ... Waterproof sheet 7 ... Ventilation gap 8 ... Heat insulating material 8A ... Intermediate heat insulating material layer 8B
... Surface plate 9 ... Coupling ridges 10 ... Coupling groove 11 ... Furniture 12 ... Holding ridges 13 ... Vertical grooves 14 ... Columns 14A ... Studs 15 ... Braces 16 ... Base material 17 ... Concave 18 ... Barrel 19 ... Base material 20 ... Roofing material 22 ... Heat exchanger 23 ... Floor board 24 ... Platform 25 ... Indoor ventilation duct 26 ... Ceiling duct 27 that is a hollow part on the indoor side of the roof ... Under-exhaust vent 28 ... Building exhaust duct 29 ... Exhaust fan 30 ... Suction port 31 ... Outdoor ventilation duct 32 ... Outdoor ventilation duct 33 ... Circulation fan 34 ... Floor heating sheet 35 ... Heating panel 36 ... Transverse groove 37 ... Rubber-like elastic sheet 38 ... Connection duct 39 ... Temperature sensor 40 ... Mounting panel 41 ... Opposing panel 42 ... Panel with frame 42A ... Structure plywood 42
B ... Mounting frame 43 ... Filtration material 44 ... Through hole 45 ... Base 46 ... Through hole 47 ... Outdoor vertical exhaust duct 48 ... Filling member
Claims (8)
胴縁(11)を平行に固定しており、隣接する胴縁(11)の間
に断熱材(8)を配置している建物であって、 胴縁(11)が、断熱材(8)の側縁部を案内する凹部(17)
と、側縁部を凹部(17)に入れた断熱材(8)の表面に向か
って突出されて、断熱材(8)を取付パネル(40)の表面に
固定するための保持凸条(12)とを側面に備えており、 胴縁(11)を取付パネル(40)に固定して、凹部(17)に入れ
た断熱材(8)を取付パネル(40)と保持凸条(12)とで挟着
して取付パネル(40)の表面に固定している建物。1. A plurality of furring strips (11) are fixed in parallel to a mounting panel (40) at predetermined intervals, and a heat insulating material (8) is placed between adjacent furring strips (11). The building (11) in which the furring strip (11) guides the side edge of the heat insulating material (8)
And a retaining ridge (12) for fixing the heat insulating material (8) to the surface of the mounting panel (40) by projecting toward the surface of the heat insulating material (8) having the side edge portion in the recess (17). ) Is provided on the side surface, the furring strip (11) is fixed to the mounting panel (40), and the heat insulating material (8) placed in the recess (17) is attached to the mounting panel (40) and the retaining ridge (12). A building that is sandwiched between and fixed to the surface of the mounting panel (40).
て、両側面に凹部(17)と保持凸条(12)とを設けている請
求項１に記載される建物。2. The building according to claim 1, wherein the furring strip (11) has a T-shaped cross section and is provided with a recess (17) and a retaining ridge (12) on both side surfaces.
胴縁(11)を平行に固定しており、隣接する胴縁(11)の間
に断熱材(8)を配置している建物であって、 胴縁(11)が、断熱材(8)の側縁部を案内する凹部(17)
と、側縁部を凹部(17)に入れた断熱材(8)の表面に向か
って突出されて、断熱材(8)を取付パネル(40)の表面に
固定するための保持凸条(12)とを側面に備えており、凹
部(17)は側面の中間に縦方向に延長して設けたセンター
溝で、このセンター溝の両側に保持凸条(12)を設けてお
り、 胴縁(11)を取付パネル(40)に固定して、凹部(17)に入れ
た断熱材(8)を両側の保持凸条(12)で挟着して、取付パ
ネル(40)から離して固定するようにしてなる建物。3. A plurality of furring strips (11) are fixed in parallel to a mounting panel (40) at predetermined intervals, and a heat insulating material (8) is arranged between adjacent furring strips (11). The building (11) in which the furring strip (11) guides the side edge of the heat insulating material (8)
And a retaining ridge (12) for fixing the heat insulating material (8) to the surface of the mounting panel (40) by projecting toward the surface of the heat insulating material (8) having the side edge portion in the recess (17). ) Is provided on the side surface, and the concave portion (17) is a center groove provided longitudinally extending in the middle of the side surface, and holding ridges (12) are provided on both sides of the center groove. 11) is fixed to the mounting panel (40), the heat insulating material (8) put in the recess (17) is sandwiched by the holding ridges (12) on both sides, and fixed away from the mounting panel (40). The building that becomes like this.
溝(13)を設けている請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載
される建物。4. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the furring strip (11) is provided with a vertical groove (13) on the surface facing the heat insulating material (8).
に縦溝(13)を設けている請求項１ないし４のいずれかに
記載される建物。5. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the furring strip (11) is provided with a vertical groove (13) on the surface facing the mounting panel (40).
配設される対向パネル(41)との対向面に縦溝(13)を設け
ている請求項１ないし４のいずれかに記載される建物。6. The furrow (11) according to claim 1, wherein a vertical groove (13) is provided on a surface facing the facing panel (41) arranged on the opposite side of the mounting panel (40). Building listed in either.
無機発泡体のいずれかを板状に成形したものである請求
項１ないし３のいずれかに記載される建物。7. The heat insulating material (8) is made of synthetic resin foam, wood,
The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein one of the inorganic foams is molded into a plate shape.
に表面板(8B)を積層したものである請求項１ないし３の
いずれかに記載される建物。8. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat insulating material (8) is obtained by laminating surface plates (8B) on both surfaces of the intermediate heat insulating material layer (8A).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002133390A JP2003328465A (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2002-05-08 | Building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002133390A JP2003328465A (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2002-05-08 | Building |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003328465A true JP2003328465A (en) | 2003-11-19 |
Family
ID=29696388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002133390A Pending JP2003328465A (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2002-05-08 | Building |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003328465A (en) |
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