JP2003268380A - Apparatus for manufacturing high quality fuel from organic waste and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Apparatus for manufacturing high quality fuel from organic waste and manufacturing methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003268380A JP2003268380A JP2002073843A JP2002073843A JP2003268380A JP 2003268380 A JP2003268380 A JP 2003268380A JP 2002073843 A JP2002073843 A JP 2002073843A JP 2002073843 A JP2002073843 A JP 2002073843A JP 2003268380 A JP2003268380 A JP 2003268380A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- organic waste
- quality fuel
- liquid
- water
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150076749 C10L gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100033041 Carbonic anhydrase 13 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100032566 Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000867860 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase 13 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000867836 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100121112 Oryza sativa subsp. indica 20ox2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100121113 Oryza sativa subsp. japonica GA20OX2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、有機性廃棄物から
の高品質燃料製造装置及び製造方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for producing high quality fuel from organic waste.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】有機性廃棄物を熱分解することにより熱
分解ガスを得てこれを燃焼する処理方法では、分解ガス
のみを燃焼させる。このため、金属類、ばいじんが少な
い雰囲気で、高温燃焼が可能でありダイオキシンなどの
生成が少ないという利点がある。2. Description of the Related Art In a treatment method in which a pyrolysis gas is obtained by thermally decomposing an organic waste, and the pyrolysis gas is burned, only the cracked gas is burned. Therefore, there is an advantage that high temperature combustion is possible in an atmosphere containing less metal and soot and dust, and less dioxins are produced.
【０００３】一方、有機性廃棄物を熱分解することによ
り得られた炭化物中には、原料中の金属類、塩類や灰分
が残留しているので、これを燃料として利用する際に
は、塩類の揮散、ばいじんの発生、またこれらよりダイ
オキシンの生成などの環境に影響を与える問題が起こり
やすいことが考えられる。したがって、このような問題
を起こらないようにするには、燃焼温度の限定、高度な
排ガス無害化設備を要してしまい、炭化物を燃料とする
には経済合理性がない。このため、得られる炭化物の用
途は、燃料吸着剤等に限定されており、炭化物の多くは
埋め立て処分せざるを得ない。On the other hand, in the carbide obtained by pyrolyzing the organic waste, metals, salts and ash in the raw material remain, so that when using this as fuel, the salt is used. It is conceivable that problems that affect the environment such as volatilization of water, generation of soot and dust, and generation of dioxins are more likely to occur. Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem, the combustion temperature is limited and a sophisticated exhaust gas detoxification facility is required, and it is not economically rational to use a carbide as a fuel. Therefore, the applications of the obtained carbides are limited to fuel adsorbents and the like, and most of the carbides have to be landfilled.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記問題を
鑑みてなされたのものであり、有機性廃棄物を熱分解す
ることにより得られる炭化物から高品質な燃料を製造す
るための製造装置及び製造方法を提供することを目的と
する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing for manufacturing a high quality fuel from a carbide obtained by pyrolyzing an organic waste. The purpose is to provide a method.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置
は、有機性廃棄物を攪拌する攪拌手段、及び攪拌された
有機性廃棄物を外部より加熱し炭化物にする外部加熱手
段を備え、酸素濃度を制限した加熱流通系ゾーンと、該
流通系ゾーンから抜き出された該炭化物を液体に浮遊さ
せることによって、該液体中に浮き高品質燃料となる炭
素分と、該液体中に沈んだ灰分とに分ける浮遊選別手段
とを含む。In order to achieve the above object, the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention comprises a stirring means for stirring the organic waste, and the stirred organic waste. An external heating means for heating a substance from the outside to turn it into a carbide is provided, and a heating flow system zone in which the oxygen concentration is restricted, and the carbide extracted from the flow system zone are suspended in a liquid to float in the liquid. It includes a floating sorting means for separating a carbon content which is a high quality fuel and an ash content which is sunk in the liquid.
【０００６】加熱流通系ゾーンとは、低酸素濃度下で有
機物を燃焼するのではなく、外部から加熱することによ
り炭化させることができる装置のことである。例えば、
加熱流通系ゾーンは、有機性廃棄物を酸素濃度５％以下
に制限した、外部より加熱する炭化炉である。炭化炉の
例では、外熱式キルンが好適である。浮遊選別手段は、
液体中に２種以上の比重の違う物質を混ぜ、比重の違い
を利用して分ける手段のことである。浮遊選別手段の一
実施の形態としては、浮遊選別機がある。The heating and circulation system zone is a device capable of carbonizing the organic matter by heating it from the outside, instead of burning it under a low oxygen concentration. For example,
The heating distribution zone is a carbonization furnace in which the organic waste is limited to an oxygen concentration of 5% or less and is heated from the outside. In the example of the carbonization furnace, an external heating kiln is suitable. The floating sorting means
It is a method of mixing two or more substances with different specific gravities into a liquid and separating them by utilizing the difference in specific gravities. A floating sorter is an example of the floating sorter.
【０００７】本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造装置は、前記加熱流通系ゾーンと前記浮遊選別手段と
の間に設けられ、前記加熱流通系ゾーンから抜き出され
た炭素分を粉砕する粉砕手段をさらに含むことができ
る。粉砕手段とは、炭素を粉砕する手段をいう。粉砕手
段の一実施の形態では、粉砕機がある。前記液体が、
水、油、または、水と油の混合物のいずれかであること
が望ましい。この液体中に界面活性剤のような添加物が
混合していてもよい。油の性状は、重油など一般的な発
電用燃料が好ましい。The apparatus for producing high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention is provided between the heating flow system zone and the floating sorting means, and pulverizes carbon content extracted from the heating flow system zone. It may further include a crushing means. The crushing means means for crushing carbon. In one embodiment of the grinding means, there is a grinder. If the liquid is
Desirably it is either water, oil or a mixture of water and oil. An additive such as a surfactant may be mixed in this liquid. As for the property of oil, a general fuel for power generation such as heavy oil is preferable.
【０００８】本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造装置は、前記液体が水であるとき、前記浮遊選別手段
の後段に設けられ、前記炭素分を脱水する脱水手段をさ
らに含むことが好適である。前記炭素分が、前記脱水手
段によって水分３０〜８０％に脱水されることが好まし
い。脱水手段とは炭素分を脱水する手段であり、一実施
の形態では脱水機がある。本発明の有機性廃棄物からの
高品質燃料製造装置は、前記液体が水であるとき、前記
浮遊選別手段の後段に設けられ、該水を膜分離する膜分
離手段をさらに含むことができる。The apparatus for producing high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention further comprises a dehydrating means provided after the floating sorting means for dehydrating the carbon content when the liquid is water. It is suitable. It is preferable that the carbon content is dehydrated to 30 to 80% by the dehydrating means. The dehydration means is means for dehydrating carbon, and in one embodiment, there is a dehydrator. The apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention may further include a membrane separation unit that is provided at a stage subsequent to the floating sorting unit when the liquid is water and that separates the water into a membrane.
【０００９】本発明は別の側面として、有機性廃棄物か
らの高品質燃料製造方法であり、該高品質製造方法は、
有機性廃棄物を酸素濃度５％以下に制限した、外部より
加熱する加熱流通系ゾーンに供給する供給ステップと、
該加熱流通系ゾーン内を温度３００℃〜８００℃に維持
しながら該加熱流通系ゾーンの外部より加熱する加熱ス
テップと、該流通系ゾーンから抜き出された該炭化物を
液体に浮遊させることによって、該液体中に浮き高品質
燃料となる炭素分と、該液体中に沈んだ灰分とに分ける
選別ステップとを含む。Another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a high quality fuel from organic waste, the high quality producing method comprising:
A supply step of supplying the organic waste to a heating distribution system zone heated from the outside, in which the oxygen concentration is limited to 5% or less;
By heating the heating distribution system zone from the outside of the heating distribution system zone while maintaining the temperature at 300 ° C. to 800 ° C. and suspending the carbide extracted from the distribution system zone in a liquid, The method includes a separation step of separating carbon content that floats in the liquid and becomes high-quality fuel and ash content that sinks in the liquid.
【００１０】本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造方法は、前記加熱ステップと前記選別ステップとの間
において、前記加熱流通系ゾーンから抜き出された炭素
分を粉砕する粉砕ステップをさらに含むことが好適であ
る。前記液体が、水、油、または、水と油の混合物のい
ずれかであることが望ましい。In the method for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention, between the heating step and the sorting step, a crushing step of crushing the carbon content extracted from the heating distribution system zone is further included. It is preferable to include. Desirably, the liquid is either water, oil, or a mixture of water and oil.
【００１１】本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造方法は、前記液体が水であるとき、前記選別ステップ
の後段において、前記炭素分を脱水する脱水ステップを
さらに含むことができる。前記炭素分が、前記脱水ステ
ップによって水分３０％〜８０％に脱水されることが好
適である。The method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention may further include a dehydration step of dehydrating the carbon content after the sorting step when the liquid is water. It is preferable that the carbon content is dehydrated to a water content of 30% to 80% by the dehydration step.
【００１２】本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造方法は、前記液体が水であるとき、前記選別ステップ
の後段において、該水を膜分離する膜分離ステップをさ
らに含むことができる。膜分離手段の一実施の形態とし
て、ＲＯ膜（逆浸透膜）がある。The method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention may further include a membrane separation step of membrane-separating the water when the liquid is water, after the sorting step. An RO membrane (reverse osmosis membrane) is one embodiment of the membrane separation means.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明の実施の形態を図面
を参照しながら、例示的に説明する。但し本実施の形態
に記載される製品の寸法、形状、材質、その相対配置等
は特に特定的な記載がない限りは本発明の範囲をそれの
みに限定する趣旨ではなく、単なる説明例に過ぎない。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be exemplarily described with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, shapes, materials, relative positions, etc. of the products described in the present embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention thereto unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Absent.
【００１４】［実施の形態１：湿式粉砕＋浮遊選別機］
図１は本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置
の一実施の形態を示すプロセスフロー図である。図１に
おいて、有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置１０
は、炭化炉１１、加熱ジャケット１２、分析抜き出し手
段１３、急冷手段１４、サイクロン１５、排ガス処理装
置１７を備える。これらによって、後述する炭化物が生
成する。さらに、有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装
置は、篩い１９、粉砕機２０、浮遊選別機２１、脱水機
２２、乾燥機２３、脱水機２４、乾燥機２５を備える。
これらによって、後述するように、生成した炭化物か
ら、高品質燃料を製造する。[Embodiment 1: Wet grinding + floating sorter]
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart showing an embodiment of the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a high-quality fuel production apparatus 10 from organic waste
Is equipped with a carbonization furnace 11, a heating jacket 12, an analysis extraction means 13, a quenching means 14, a cyclone 15, and an exhaust gas treatment device 17. By these, carbides described later are generated. Further, the apparatus for producing high-quality fuel from organic waste includes a sieve 19, a crusher 20, a floating sorter 21, a dehydrator 22, a dryer 23, a dehydrator 24, and a dryer 25.
With these, as described below, a high quality fuel is produced from the produced carbide.
【００１５】次に、本実施の形態の有機性廃棄物からの
高品質燃料製造装置１０の作用について説明する。この
作用を説明することによって、本発明の有機性廃棄物か
らの高品質燃料製造方法の実施の形態を説明する。酸素
濃度５％以下に制限した、加熱流通系ゾーンである炭化
炉１１に、有機性廃棄物を供給手段（図に示さず）によ
り連続的に供給する。この供給手段は、破砕機及びスク
リューフィーダにより構成することができる。炭化炉１
１は、外熱式キルンであることが好適である。Next, the operation of the apparatus 10 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present embodiment will be described. By explaining this action, an embodiment of the method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste of the present invention will be described. The organic waste is continuously supplied by a supply means (not shown in the figure) to the carbonization furnace 11 which is a heating distribution system zone in which the oxygen concentration is limited to 5% or less. This supply means can be composed of a crusher and a screw feeder. Carbonization furnace 1
It is preferable that 1 is an externally heated kiln.
【００１６】加熱流通系ゾーンである炭化炉１１では酸
素を制限して、発熱を伴う酸化燃焼ではなく、緩やかな
条件で起こる化学結合の切断を主体とする熱分解が支配
的な反応とする。そして、熱分解反応が行われている炭
化炉１１は、常に有機性廃棄物である原料系を供給し、
高品質な燃料を生成し取り出すことを可能とする、加熱
流通系ゾーンであるべきであり、炭化炉１１内には、吸
熱反応である熱分解に必要な熱を外部から供給する必要
がある。In the carbonization furnace 11 which is the heating and circulation system zone, oxygen is restricted so that not the oxidative combustion accompanied by heat generation but the thermal decomposition mainly due to the breaking of chemical bonds which occurs under mild conditions becomes the reaction. Then, the carbonization furnace 11 in which the thermal decomposition reaction is performed always supplies a raw material system that is an organic waste,
It should be a heating and circulation system zone that enables high-quality fuel to be produced and taken out, and the heat necessary for thermal decomposition, which is an endothermic reaction, must be supplied from the outside into the carbonization furnace 11.
【００１７】炭化炉１１内の５％以下という若干の酸素
は、酸化反応に関与するが、このように酸素分圧の低い
条件での酸化速度は非常に緩慢で、若干の発熱反応によ
って内部から熱を与える面では寄与するものの、局部的
な高温状態は達しえないので、毒性のある有機ハロゲン
化物質の生成には至らない。また、ダイオキシン類など
の有機ハロゲン化物質は一旦生成すると難分解性である
ので、また、炭化物の収量を上げるために、炭化炉１１
の全体の温度を３００〜８００℃に制限するのが同時に
重要な要素である。Although a small amount of oxygen of 5% or less in the carbonization furnace 11 is involved in the oxidation reaction, the oxidation rate under such a low oxygen partial pressure condition is very slow, and a slight exothermic reaction causes internal oxidation. Although it contributes in terms of giving heat, it cannot reach a local high temperature state, and therefore does not lead to the production of toxic organic halogenated substances. Further, since organic halogenated substances such as dioxins are hardly decomposed once they are formed, in order to increase the yield of carbide, the carbonization furnace 11
At the same time, limiting the overall temperature of the to 300-800 ° C is an important factor.
【００１８】さらには、有機性廃棄物は、炭化炉１１に
供給される前に破砕されることが望ましい。この粉砕時
に、有機性廃棄物の０．３％ほどの炭酸ナトリウムを触
媒を加え、連続的に炭化炉１１に供給することが望まし
い。ここで、炭酸ナトリウムのほかにも、有機性廃棄物
とともに水蒸気もしくは金属の炭酸塩、酸化物、硫酸
塩、水酸化物から選ばれる少なくとも一つの化合物を炭
化炉１１に供給することが望ましい。Furthermore, it is desirable that the organic waste be crushed before being supplied to the carbonization furnace 11. At the time of this pulverization, it is desirable to add about 0.3% of sodium carbonate as a catalyst to the catalyst and continuously supply it to the carbonization furnace 11. Here, in addition to sodium carbonate, it is desirable to supply at least one compound selected from water vapor or metal carbonates, oxides, sulfates, and hydroxides to the carbonization furnace 11 together with the organic waste.
【００１９】水蒸気の添加は炭化炉１１内の酸素分圧を
低下することによって、激しい酸化反応を抑制し、さら
に水が系内の炭素と反応して、一酸化炭素や水素を生成
して、還元性ガス雰囲気となり、有毒な有機ハロゲン化
化合物の生成を抑制し、原料中の炭素分の固定に寄与す
る。また、金属の炭酸塩、酸化物、ケイ酸塩、硫酸塩、
水酸化物は炭素鎖の切断を助長する触媒作用や、反応系
内の遊離ハロゲンを無機物（金属塩）として固定する作
用があることがわかり、本発明の方法を低温で速やかに
進行させるのに有効である。これら化合物の例として
は、炭酸ナトリウム、酸化鉄、水酸化カルシウムなどが
あげられる。The addition of water vapor reduces the oxygen partial pressure in the carbonization furnace 11 to suppress a vigorous oxidation reaction, and further, water reacts with carbon in the system to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, It becomes a reducing gas atmosphere, suppresses the production of toxic organic halogenated compounds, and contributes to the fixation of carbon content in the raw material. Also, metal carbonates, oxides, silicates, sulfates,
It has been found that the hydroxide has a catalytic action that promotes the breaking of the carbon chain and an action that fixes the free halogen in the reaction system as an inorganic substance (metal salt). It is valid. Examples of these compounds include sodium carbonate, iron oxide, calcium hydroxide and the like.
【００２０】そして、炭化炉１１の加熱ジャケット１２
中に高温排ガスを流通して内部を加熱する。昇温途上の
十分低温の間に、炭化炉１１内部は、窒素もしくは水蒸
気でフラッシュして、内部の空気の一部を置換し、酸素
濃度を５％以下に抑える。炭化炉１１の内温は３００〜
８００℃に制御し、有形製廃棄物から得られる炭化物を
炭化炉１１の終端の分離抜き出し手段１３の下部に導き
炭化物と不燃物１８を得て、熱分解ガスを上部から取り
出してサイクロン１５へ供給する。分離抜き出し手段１
３は、例えば、炭化炉１１の終端側出口付近に設けられ
た固気分離ポートに接続された、分解ガス排出配管、及
び炭化物排出口である。炭化物排出口には排出用のスク
リューコンベヤが付帯していてもよい。炭化炉１１の終
端にある分離抜き出し手段１３の下部からは、有機性廃
棄物の供給量とバランスして炭化炉１１内のキルン内容
量が定常状態になるよう、炭化物１８を抜き出す。The heating jacket 12 of the carbonization furnace 11
High-temperature exhaust gas is circulated inside to heat the inside. While the temperature is sufficiently low during the temperature rise, the inside of the carbonization furnace 11 is flushed with nitrogen or steam to replace a part of the internal air and suppress the oxygen concentration to 5% or less. The internal temperature of the carbonization furnace 11 is 300-
Controlling the temperature to 800 ° C., guiding the carbide obtained from the tangible waste to the lower part of the separation extraction means 13 at the end of the carbonization furnace 11 to obtain the carbide and the incombustible 18, and the pyrolysis gas is taken out from the upper part and supplied to the cyclone 15. To do. Separation and extraction means 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes, for example, a cracked gas discharge pipe and a carbide discharge port, which are connected to a solid gas separation port provided near the outlet on the terminal side of the carbonization furnace 11. A screw conveyor for discharging may be attached to the carbide discharging port. From the lower part of the separation extraction means 13 at the end of the carbonization furnace 11, the carbide 18 is extracted so that the kiln internal volume in the carbonization furnace 11 is in a steady state in balance with the supply amount of the organic waste.
【００２１】炭化炉１１の終端の分離抜き出し手段１３
の下部には急冷手段１４として熱交換器を備えることが
好適である。熱交換器では、抜き出し途上の炭化物が熱
交換器の伝熱面に接触して冷却されるよう構成すればよ
い。伝熱面の他方の面は水などの低温媒体で冷却して、
除熱する。冷却効率の点から、熱交換器の伝熱面積は限
られた空間の中で大きい方がよい。したがって、例え
ば、管路の径を拡大して、その外部を囲緯した冷却ジャ
ケットや、経路に挿入した多管式熱交換器、もしくはフ
ィン付きチューブ等とすることができる。熱交換器で
は、加熱流通系ゾーンである炭化炉１１から抜き出す炭
素を主体とする炭化物を２５０℃以下に急冷して抜きだ
すことが望ましい。これは、前記熱分解で固相の方に移
行した残存ハロゲン化物質があった場合、ダイオキシン
等有毒ハロゲン化化合物に転化させないための手段であ
る。高温状態で抜き出し空気中の酸素と触れさせないた
めにこの操作が必要となる。Separation and extraction means 13 at the end of the carbonization furnace 11
It is preferable to provide a heat exchanger as the quenching means 14 in the lower part of the. In the heat exchanger, the carbide that is being extracted may be configured to come into contact with the heat transfer surface of the heat exchanger to be cooled. Cool the other side of the heat transfer surface with a low temperature medium such as water,
Remove heat. From the viewpoint of cooling efficiency, the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger should be large in a limited space. Therefore, for example, the diameter of the pipe can be enlarged to form a cooling jacket surrounding the outside, a multi-tube heat exchanger inserted in the passage, or a finned tube. In the heat exchanger, it is desirable that the carbon-based carbide extracted from the carbonization furnace 11, which is the heating and circulation system zone, is rapidly cooled to 250 ° C. or less and then extracted. This is a means for preventing conversion of toxic halogenated compounds such as dioxin when residual halogenated substances are transferred to the solid phase due to the thermal decomposition. This operation is necessary in order to avoid contact with oxygen in the extracted air at high temperature.
【００２２】炭化炉１１から排出される熱分解ガスは飛
散粒子を含んでいるので、サイクロン１５またはバグフ
ィルタ（セラミックフィルターなど）で除塵した後、高
温の燃焼炉１６で燃焼させる。高温の燃焼炉１６では、
炭化炉１１から抜き出す熱分解ガスを８５０〜１１００
℃で高温燃焼させることを特徴とする。高温燃焼炉１６
は例えば、炭化炉１１より抜き出す熱分解ガスを導入す
る配管及び空気もしくは酸素富化空気送入配管に接続し
て、熱分解ガスを、高温で燃焼させるバーナを備え、燃
焼排ガスを排出する出口を有する燃焼炉１６である。例
えば、高温の燃焼排ガスの用途によっては、もしくはバ
ーナ摩耗防止の目的から、燃焼炉１６の入り口の経路に
除塵器を設け分解ガスに随伴する固体粒子を排除してか
ら、高温燃焼炉１６に供給することも可能である。Since the pyrolysis gas discharged from the carbonization furnace 11 contains scattered particles, dust is removed by the cyclone 15 or a bag filter (ceramic filter, etc.) and then burned in the high temperature combustion furnace 16. In the high temperature combustion furnace 16,
The pyrolysis gas extracted from the carbonization furnace 11 is 850 to 1100.
It is characterized by high temperature combustion at ℃. High temperature combustion furnace 16
Is equipped with a burner for burning the pyrolysis gas at a high temperature, which is connected to a pipe for introducing the pyrolysis gas extracted from the carbonization furnace 11 and an air or oxygen-enriched air feed pipe, and has an outlet for discharging the combustion exhaust gas. The combustion furnace 16 has. For example, depending on the use of high-temperature combustion exhaust gas or for the purpose of preventing burner wear, a dust remover is provided at the entrance passage of the combustion furnace 16 to remove solid particles accompanying the cracked gas, and then supplied to the high-temperature combustion furnace 16. It is also possible to do so.
【００２３】この可燃（熱分解）ガスは、未だ、ハロゲ
ン源を持っているため、潜在的に有毒な有機ハロゲン化
化合物を生成する原因物質を含んでいるので、これら化
合物を生成しない、また、たとえ生成していたとしても
分解する高温域で燃焼させる。これにより、系内に含有
しているハロゲンはハロゲン化水素となるので、排気経
路でアルカリ性物質などで中和して容易且つ低コストで
除去することが可能となる。また得られた高温の排ガス
は炭化炉１１を外部から加熱する熱源として有効に利用
することができる。高温の燃焼炉１６での燃焼用空気も
しくは酸素を付加した空気は別の経路で排ガス処理装置
１７に導入する。Since the combustible (pyrolysis) gas still has a halogen source, it contains a causative substance that produces a potentially toxic organic halogenated compound, and therefore does not produce these compounds. Burn even in the high temperature range where it decomposes even if it is generated. As a result, the halogen contained in the system becomes hydrogen halide, so that it can be removed easily and at low cost by neutralizing it with an alkaline substance or the like in the exhaust path. The obtained high-temperature exhaust gas can be effectively used as a heat source for heating the carbonization furnace 11 from the outside. Combustion air in the high temperature combustion furnace 16 or oxygen-added air is introduced into the exhaust gas treatment device 17 through another route.
【００２４】高温の燃焼炉１６で得られた高温排ガスの
一部は、炭化炉（外熱式キルン）１１の下部（加熱ジャ
ケット１２）に導き、分解に必要な熱供給に用い、加熱
ジャケット１２の出口から排出する未だ温度の高い、熱
供給後のガスは高温の燃焼炉１６から排出する高温ガス
の一部と合流させて排ガス処理装置１７（例えば、ボイ
ラ）加熱用ガスとすることができる。A portion of the high-temperature exhaust gas obtained in the high-temperature combustion furnace 16 is guided to the lower part (heating jacket 12) of the carbonization furnace (external heating kiln) 11 and used for supplying heat necessary for decomposition, and the heating jacket 12 is heated. The gas that is still high in temperature and that has been supplied with heat after being discharged from the outlet of the gas can be combined with a part of the high-temperature gas that is discharged from the high-temperature combustion furnace 16 to be used as a gas for heating the exhaust gas treatment device 17 (for example, a boiler). .
【００２５】排ガス処理装置１７がボイラとすると、高
温のボイラ加熱用ガスはボイラに導かれ、ここで蒸気を
発生する熱源として使用され、発生した蒸気は蒸気ター
ビン式発電機を駆動し、復水機により凝縮した水を再び
ボイラに戻し、循環せしめることもできるようにしても
よい。ボイラ加熱用ガスはボイラで熱交換してボイラか
らの排ガスとなり、バグフィルタで除塵後、煙突から排
出することもできる。有機性廃棄物を有毒な有機ハロゲ
ン化化合物の生成を抑制して処理し、炭素を主体とす
る、資源として有効利用のできる炭化物を取得し、発生
する熱源によりボイラを稼動しタービン発電機を運転し
てもよく、エネルギーを有効に回収できる。When the exhaust gas treatment device 17 is a boiler, the high-temperature boiler heating gas is guided to the boiler and used as a heat source for generating steam, and the generated steam drives a steam turbine generator and condensate water. The water condensed by the machine may be returned to the boiler so that it can be circulated. The boiler heating gas exchanges heat with the boiler to become exhaust gas from the boiler, which can be discharged from the chimney after dust removal by the bag filter. Treats organic waste by suppressing the production of toxic organic halogenated compounds, obtains carbon-based carbides that can be effectively used as a resource, and operates a boiler and operates a turbine generator with the heat source generated. However, the energy can be effectively recovered.
【００２６】さらに、炭化炉１１において生成され、ま
たはサイクロン１５によって回収される炭化物及び不燃
物１８を、篩い１９に供給する。篩い１９において、篩
い１９の上に残る金属類は回収する。篩い１９よりも下
に落ちる炭化物を粉砕機２０へ送る。篩い１９は１０〜
３０ｍｍの範囲の篩いを用いるとよい。Further, the carbides and incombustibles 18 produced in the carbonization furnace 11 or recovered by the cyclone 15 are supplied to the sieve 19. In the sieve 19, the metals remaining on the sieve 19 are recovered. Carbide falling below the sieve 19 is sent to the crusher 20. Sieve 19 is 10
It is advisable to use a sieve in the range of 30 mm.
【００２７】粉砕機２０に入った炭化物に水を加える。
粉砕機２０は、水を加えられた炭化物を粉砕する（湿式
粉砕）。水を加えて粉砕する湿式粉砕は、炭化物の粒径
を小さくし、水中での炭化物の分散度を上げる効果があ
る。粉砕機２０の例としては、高速回転体による衝撃式
粉砕機や媒体を用いる振動ミル、チューブミルなどがあ
る。粉砕機２０から浮遊選別機２１へ水中の炭化物を供
給する。浮遊選別機２１では、炭素分（炭素リッチ（豊
富）な粒子）と、灰分（灰分リッチな粒子）とをその密
度差により浮遊選別する。一般に、炭素分の方が比重が
軽く水に浮かび、灰分の方が比重が重く水中に沈む。こ
のとき、塩類・重金属類が水側に溶解するため、灰分及
び塩類が除去されたクリーンな炭素分が得られる。この
灰分及び塩類が除去された炭素分を脱水機２２へ供給す
る。なお、浮遊選別機２１の例としては、ジグ選別機、
泡沫分離機などがある。Water is added to the carbide that has entered the crusher 20.
The crusher 20 crushes the carbide containing water (wet crushing). The wet pulverization in which water is added and pulverized has the effects of reducing the particle size of the carbide and increasing the degree of dispersion of the carbide in water. Examples of the crusher 20 include an impact crusher using a high-speed rotating body, a vibration mill using a medium, and a tube mill. Carbide in water is supplied from the crusher 20 to the floating sorter 21. In the floating sorter 21, the carbon content (particles rich in carbon) and the ash content (particles rich in ash) are subjected to floating sorting based on the density difference. Generally, carbon has a lower specific gravity and floats in water, and ash has a higher specific gravity and sinks in water. At this time, since salts and heavy metals are dissolved on the water side, clean carbon content free of ash and salts is obtained. The carbon content from which the ash and salts have been removed is supplied to the dehydrator 22. As an example of the floating sorter 21, a jig sorter,
There is a foam separator.
【００２８】脱水機２２では炭素分から水を脱水する。
脱水された水の中には、塩や重金属類が含まれているの
で、環境処理をして系外に廃水する。脱水機２２の例と
しては、ろ過式脱水機、圧搾式脱水機、遠心脱水機など
がある。脱水された炭素分を、脱水機２２から乾燥機２
３へ供給する。乾燥機２３において、脱水された炭素分
をさらに乾燥する。乾燥された炭素分は、炭素リッチ
（豊富）な燃料になり、高品質燃料となる。なお、乾燥
機２３の例としては、熱風乾燥機、真空乾燥機がある。
ここで、高品質燃料とは、塩類・重金属が除かれた燃料
であり、炭素リッチであるため、重量当たりの燃焼カロ
リーが、３，０００ｋｃａｌ／ｋｇ〜７，０００ｋｃａ
ｌ／ｇ程度まで改質された炭化物のことを意味する。本
実施の形態１で得られる炭素リッチ燃料の形状の特徴
は、１０μｍ〜１０００μｍの粒径（直径）を有する。The dehydrator 22 dehydrates water from carbon.
Since dehydrated water contains salts and heavy metals, it is environmentally treated and discharged to the outside of the system. Examples of the dehydrator 22 include a filtration dehydrator, a compression dehydrator, a centrifugal dehydrator, and the like. The dehydrated carbon content is transferred from the dehydrator 22 to the dryer 2
Supply to 3. In the dryer 23, the dehydrated carbon content is further dried. The dried carbon content becomes a carbon-rich fuel and a high-quality fuel. Examples of the dryer 23 include a hot air dryer and a vacuum dryer.
Here, the high-quality fuel is a fuel from which salts and heavy metals have been removed, and since it is rich in carbon, it has a combustion calorie per weight of 3,000 kcal / kg to 7,000 kca.
It means a carbide modified to about 1 / g. The characteristic feature of the shape of the carbon-rich fuel obtained in the first embodiment is that it has a particle diameter (diameter) of 10 μm to 1000 μm.
【００２９】浮遊選別機２１で沈んだ灰分を、脱水機２
４へ送る。脱水機２４で脱水された灰分を乾燥機２５へ
送り、乾燥する。なお、乾燥機２５の例としては、熱風
乾燥機、真空乾燥機がある。脱水機２４において脱水さ
れた水は、塩、重金属が多いので環境処理後、系外に排
水する。The ash content that has settled in the floating sorter 21 is removed by the dehydrator 2.
Send to 4. The ash content dehydrated by the dehydrator 24 is sent to the dryer 25 and dried. Examples of the dryer 25 include a hot air dryer and a vacuum dryer. Since the water dehydrated in the dehydrator 24 contains a lot of salts and heavy metals, it is drained out of the system after environmental treatment.
【００３０】以上のように、本実施の形態の有機性廃棄
物からの高品質燃料製造装置では、有機性廃棄物から炭
化炉で得られた炭化物を、まず湿式粉砕にて細粒化する
ことで炭素分と灰分の分離性を向上させ、これらに付着
する塩分、重金属類と水とを接触することにより炭化物
中のこれら物質を水側に溶出させることにより分離す
る。さらに、浮遊選別機で灰分の分離を行なうことによ
り、炭素リッチなクリーン燃料を得ることができるよう
になる。As described above, in the apparatus for producing high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present embodiment, the carbide obtained from the organic waste in the carbonization furnace is first pulverized by wet pulverization. To improve the separability of carbon and ash, and to separate these substances in the carbide toward the water side by contacting salt and heavy metals adhering to these with water. Furthermore, by separating the ash with a floating sorter, it becomes possible to obtain a carbon-rich clean fuel.
【００３１】［実施の形態２：湿式粉砕＋浮遊選別、精
製サスペンジョン燃料］次に、本発明の有機性廃棄物か
らの高品質燃料製造装置の別の形態２を、図２の有機性
廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置３０を用いて説明す
る。[Second Embodiment: Wet Grinding + Floating Sorting, Purification Suspension Fuel] Next, another embodiment 2 of the apparatus for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention is shown in FIG. The high quality fuel production apparatus 30 manufactured by
【００３２】図２の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造
装置３０中、図１の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造
装置１０と同じ参照番号を用いているものは、同じ機能
を有するので、説明を省略する。本実施の形態の有機性
廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置３０の特徴は、脱水機
２２の後段に乾燥機を設けないことである。さらに、脱
水機２２において、浮遊選別機２１で分けられた炭素分
を、該炭素分中の水分が３０％〜８０％になるように脱
水し、水と炭化物を含むスラリー状の燃料として得る。
このスラリー状の燃料は、ハンドリング性に優れた液体
燃料として利用可能である。Among the high-quality fuel production apparatus 30 from organic waste in FIG. 2, those using the same reference numbers as the high-quality fuel production apparatus 10 from organic waste in FIG. 1 have the same function. Therefore, the description is omitted. A feature of the apparatus 30 for producing high-quality fuel from organic waste of the present embodiment is that a dryer is not provided after the dehydrator 22. Further, in the dehydrator 22, the carbon content separated by the floating sorter 21 is dehydrated so that the water content in the carbon content is 30% to 80% to obtain a slurry fuel containing water and carbide.
This slurry-like fuel can be used as a liquid fuel having excellent handleability.
【００３３】［実施の形態３：湿式粉砕＋浮遊選別、精
製、ＣＯＭ燃料（Ｃｏａｌ ＯｉｌＭｉｘｔｕｒｅ：石
炭石油混合燃料）］次に、本発明の有機性廃棄物からの
高品質燃料製造装置の別の形態３を、図３の有機性廃棄
物からの高品質燃料製造装置４０を用いて説明する。図
３の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置４０中、図
１の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置１０と同じ
参照番号を用いているものは、同じ機能を有するので、
説明を省略する。[Embodiment 3: Wet grinding + floating sorting, refining, COM fuel (Coal Oil Mixture: coal-oil mixed fuel)] Next, another embodiment of the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste of the present invention 3 will be described using the apparatus 40 for producing a high quality fuel from organic waste in FIG. Among the apparatus 40 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste in FIG. 3, the apparatus using the same reference number as the apparatus 10 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste in FIG. 1 has the same function.
The description is omitted.
【００３４】図３の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造
装置４０は、高品質燃料製造装置３０と比較して、粉砕
機では水を加えず、浮遊選別機２１で油を用いた点で異
なる。この油の種類は重油など一般的な発電用燃料が好
ましい。浮遊選別機２１において油に浮遊するため得ら
れる炭素リッチ炭化物は油を含むため、高発熱量の液体
燃料となる。さらに、浮遊選別機２１において、沈む油
分を含んだ灰分は、固液分離機２６に送り、固体である
灰分と、液体である油分に分ける。なお、固液分離機２
６で回収された油は、浮遊選別機２１へ送り、リサイク
ルする。固液分離機２６の例としては、ろ過式脱水機、
圧搾式脱水機、遠心脱水機がある。The apparatus 40 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste shown in FIG. 3 is different from the apparatus 30 for producing high quality fuel in that water is not added in the pulverizer and oil is used in the floating sorter 21. different. The type of oil is preferably a general fuel for power generation such as heavy oil. Since the carbon-rich carbide obtained by floating in the oil in the floating sorter 21 contains oil, it becomes a liquid fuel having a high calorific value. Further, in the floating sorter 21, the ash containing the sinking oil is sent to the solid-liquid separator 26 and separated into a solid ash and a liquid oil. The solid-liquid separator 2
The oil collected in 6 is sent to the floating sorter 21 for recycling. Examples of the solid-liquid separator 26 include a filtration type dehydrator,
There are compression type dehydrator and centrifugal dehydrator.
【００３５】［実施の形態４：湿式粉砕＋浮遊選別＋膜
分離］次に、本発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造装置の別の形態４を、図４の有機性廃棄物からの高品
質燃料製造装置５０を用いて説明する。図４の有機性廃
棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置５０中、図１の有機性廃
棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置１０と同じ参照番号を用
いているものは、同じ機能を有するので、説明を省略す
る。[Fourth Embodiment: Wet Grinding + Floating Sorting + Membrane Separation] Next, another embodiment 4 of the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention will be described with reference to the organic waste shown in FIG. This will be described using the high quality fuel manufacturing apparatus 50 of. In the apparatus 50 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste in FIG. 4, the apparatus using the same reference number as the apparatus 10 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste in FIG. 1 has the same function, and therefore will be described. Is omitted.
【００３６】本実施の形態の有機性廃棄物からの高品質
燃料製造装置５０は、有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製
造装置１０に比べ、脱水機２２と、脱水機２４の後段
に、膜分離装置２７を設けている点で異なる。膜分離装
置２７において、膜分離を行なうことにより、塩分が除
去された水は、粉砕機２０へ再添加することができ、水
を循環再利用できる。また、膜分離装置２７において、
膜分離した高塩分の排水は環境処理後、系外に排水す
る。膜分離装置２７の例としては、ＲＯ膜（逆浸透膜）
がある。The apparatus 50 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present embodiment is different from the apparatus 10 for producing high quality fuel from organic waste in that a membrane is provided after the dehydrator 22 and the dehydrator 24. The difference is that a separating device 27 is provided. By performing membrane separation in the membrane separation device 27, the water from which salt has been removed can be added again to the crusher 20, and the water can be circulated and reused. In the membrane separation device 27,
The high-salt wastewater separated by the membrane is discharged to the outside of the system after environmental treatment. As an example of the membrane separation device 27, an RO membrane (reverse osmosis membrane)
There is.
【００３７】［その他の実施形態］浮遊選別機２１の前
段における粉砕機２０において、液体を加えながら炭素
分を粉砕したが、炭化物１８の粒径が小さいときは、必
ずしも、粉砕機２０は必要な構成要件ではない。[Other Embodiments] In the crusher 20 in the preceding stage of the floating sorter 21, the carbon content was crushed while adding the liquid, but when the particle size of the carbide 18 is small, the crusher 20 is not always necessary. It is not a configuration requirement.
【００３８】[0038]
【発明の効果】上記したところから明らかなように、本
発明の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置及び製造
方法によって、有機性廃棄物を熱分解することにより得
られる炭化物から、塩類が除去されたクリーンで高品質
の燃料を製造することができる。さらには、ハンドリン
グ性に優れた液体燃料も製造できる。また、油と炭化物
のスラリーの高発熱量燃料も製造できる。これらの高品
質な燃料を製造するときに使用される水も循環再利用す
ることができ、環境的にも経済的にも優れている。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As is clear from the above description, the apparatus and method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention produces a salt from a carbide obtained by pyrolyzing an organic waste. It is possible to produce clean and high quality fuel that has been removed. Furthermore, a liquid fuel having excellent handleability can be manufactured. It can also produce high calorific value fuels of oil and carbide slurries. The water used to produce these high-quality fuels can also be recycled and recycled, which is environmentally and economically superior.
【図１】本発明に関する有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料
製造装置の一実施の形態を説明する概念図である。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of a high quality fuel production apparatus from organic waste according to the present invention.
【図２】本発明に関する有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料
製造装置の他の実施の形態を説明する概念図である。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment of the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明に関する有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料
製造装置の他の実施の形態を説明する概念図である。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment of the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明に関する有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料
製造装置の他の実施の形態を説明する概念図である。FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating another embodiment of the apparatus for producing high quality fuel from organic waste according to the present invention.
１０ 有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置 １１ 炭化炉 １２ 加熱ジャケット １３ 分離抜き出し手段 １４ 急冷手段 １５ サイクロン １６ 燃焼炉 １７ 排ガス処理装置 １８ 炭化物、不燃物 １９ 篩い ２０ 粉砕機 ２１ 浮遊選別機 ２２ 脱水機 ２３ 乾燥機 ２４ 脱水機 ２５ 乾燥機 ２６ 固液分離機 ２７ 膜分離装置 ３０ 有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置 ４０ 有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置 ５０ 有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置 10 High-quality fuel production equipment from organic waste 11 carbonization furnace 12 heating jacket 13 Separation and extraction means 14 Quenching means 15 cyclone 16 Combustion furnace 17 Exhaust gas treatment equipment 18 Carbides, incombustibles 19 sieve 20 crusher 21 Floating sorter 22 dehydrator 23 dryer 24 dehydrator 25 dryer 26 Solid-liquid separator 27 Membrane separation device 30 High-quality fuel production equipment from organic waste 40 High-quality fuel production equipment from organic waste 50 High-quality fuel production equipment from organic waste
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｂ０９Ｂ 5/00 Ｃ１０Ｌ 5/46 ４Ｈ０１５ Ｃ０２Ｆ 1/44 5/48 Ｃ１０Ｌ 5/46 Ｂ０２Ｃ 23/08 Ｚ 5/48 Ｂ０９Ｂ 3/00 ＺＡＢ // Ｂ０２Ｃ 23/08 5/00 Ｎ (72)発明者 奥野 敏 神奈川県横浜市中区錦町12番地 三菱重工 業株式会社横浜製作所内 (72)発明者 荒岡 衛 神奈川県横浜市中区錦町12番地 三菱重工 業株式会社横浜製作所内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D004 AA01 BA03 CA04 CA10 CA13 CA26 CA42 DA03 DA06 DA10 4D006 GA03 KA01 KB30 PB08 PC80 4D067 EE12 EE16 GA20 4D071 AA43 AB14 AB24 AB55 CA03 DA15 4H012 HA03 4H015 AA01 AA02 AB01 BA01 BA11 BB00 BB03 CB01 Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) B09B 5/00 C10L 5/46 4H015 C02F 1/44 5/48 C10L 5/46 B02C 23/08 Z 5/48 B09B 3 / 00 ZAB // B02C 23/08 5/00 N (72) Inventor Satoshi Okuno 12 Nishiki-cho, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Yokohama Works (72) Inventor, Araoka Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 12 Nishikicho Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Yokohama Factory F-term (reference) 4D004 AA01 BA03 CA04 CA10 CA13 CA26 CA42 DA03 DA06 DA10 4D006 GA03 KA01 KB30 PB08 PC80 4D067 EE12 EE16 GA20 4D071 AA43 AB14 AB24 AB55 CA03 DA15 4H01A01 4H012A01 4H01 A03 4H012 BA01 BA11 BB00 BB03 CB01
Claims (12)
攪拌された有機性廃棄物を外部より加熱し炭化物にする
外部加熱手段を備え、酸素濃度を制限した加熱流通系ゾ
ーンと、 該流通系ゾーンから抜き出された該炭化物を液体に浮遊
させることによって、該液体中に浮き高品質燃料となる
炭素分と、該液体中に沈んだ灰分とに分ける浮遊選別手
段とを含む有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置。1. A heating and circulation system zone in which the oxygen concentration is restricted, comprising a stirring means for stirring the organic waste and an external heating means for heating the stirred organic waste from the outside to turn it into a carbide, and the circulation. An organic waste including a floating sorting means for separating the carbonaceous substance extracted from the system zone into a liquid, thereby separating into a carbon component that floats in the liquid and becomes a high-quality fuel and an ash component that sinks in the liquid. High-quality fuel production equipment from things.
段との間に設けられ、前記加熱流通系ゾーンから抜き出
された炭素分を粉砕する粉砕手段をさらに含む請求項１
に記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置。2. A crushing means for crushing the carbon content extracted from the heating / circulating system zone, which is provided between the heating / circulating system zone and the floating sorting means.
A high-quality fuel production system from organic waste as described in.
混合物のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項１また
は２に記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置。3. The high-quality fuel producing apparatus from organic waste according to claim 1, wherein the liquid is water, oil, or a mixture of water and oil.
手段の後段に設けられ、前記炭素分を脱水する脱水手段
をさらに含む請求項３に記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品
質燃料製造装置。4. The production of high-quality fuel from organic waste according to claim 3, further comprising a dehydrating unit which is provided after the floating sorting unit and dehydrates the carbon content when the liquid is water. apparatus.
分３０％〜８０％に脱水されることを特徴とする請求項
４に記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造装置。5. The apparatus for producing a high quality fuel from organic waste according to claim 4, wherein the carbon content is dehydrated to 30% to 80% of water by the dehydrating means.
手段の後段に設けられ、該水を膜分離する膜分離手段を
さらに含む請求項３〜５のいずれかに記載の有機性廃棄
物からの高品質燃料製造装置。6. The organic waste according to any one of claims 3 to 5, further comprising a membrane separation unit that is provided after the floating sorting unit when the liquid is water and that separates the water into membranes. Quality fuel production equipment from.
した、外部より加熱する加熱流通系ゾーンに供給する供
給ステップと、 該加熱流通系ゾーン内を温度３００℃〜８００℃に維持
しながら該加熱流通系ゾーンの外部より加熱する加熱ス
テップと、 該流通系ゾーンから抜き出された該炭化物を液体に浮遊
させることによって、該液体中に浮き高品質燃料となる
炭素分と、該液体中に沈んだ灰分とに分ける選別ステッ
プとを含む有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造方法。7. A supply step of supplying the organic waste to a heating flow system zone heated from the outside, in which the oxygen concentration is limited to 5% or less, and the temperature in the heat flow system zone is maintained at 300 ° C. to 800 ° C. While heating from the outside of the heating flow system zone, and by suspending the carbide extracted from the flow system zone in a liquid, a carbon content that floats in the liquid and becomes a high-quality fuel, and the liquid A method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste, which comprises a step of separating the ash that has been sunk into the ash.
の間において、前記加熱流通系ゾーンから抜き出された
炭素分を粉砕する粉砕ステップをさらに含む請求項７に
記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造方法。8. The high level of organic waste according to claim 7, further comprising a crushing step of crushing carbon extracted from the heating flow system zone between the heating step and the sorting step. Quality fuel manufacturing method.
混合物のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項７また
は８に記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造方法。9. The method for producing a high quality fuel from organic waste according to claim 7, wherein the liquid is either water, oil, or a mixture of water and oil.
テップの後段において、前記炭素分を脱水する脱水ステ
ップをさらに含む請求項９に記載の有機性廃棄物からの
高品質燃料製造方法。10. The method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste according to claim 9, further comprising a dehydration step of dehydrating the carbon content after the sorting step when the liquid is water.
って水分３０％〜８０％に脱水されることを特徴とする
請求項１０に記載の有機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造
方法。11. The method for producing a high-quality fuel from organic waste according to claim 10, wherein the carbon content is dehydrated to have a water content of 30% to 80% by the dehydration step.
テップの後段において、該水を膜分離する膜分離ステッ
プをさらに含む請求項１０〜１１のいずれかに記載の有
機性廃棄物からの高品質燃料製造方法。12. The high-level organic waste according to claim 10, further comprising a membrane separation step of membrane-separating the water when the liquid is water after the sorting step. Quality fuel manufacturing method.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002073843A JP3986335B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2002-03-18 | High quality fuel production apparatus and production method from organic waste |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002073843A JP3986335B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2002-03-18 | High quality fuel production apparatus and production method from organic waste |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003268380A true JP2003268380A (en) | 2003-09-25 |
| JP3986335B2 JP3986335B2 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
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ID=29203394
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002073843A Expired - Lifetime JP3986335B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2002-03-18 | High quality fuel production apparatus and production method from organic waste |
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| JP2006021956A (en) * | 2004-07-08 | 2006-01-26 | Takuma Co Ltd | Facility and method for dechlorinating carbonized product |
| JP2006231125A (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2006-09-07 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Manufacturing system of shell powder |
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|---|---|
| JP3986335B2 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
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