JP2003232112A - Mud wall - Google Patents

Mud wall

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Publication number
JP2003232112A
JP2003232112A JP2002031139A JP2002031139A JP2003232112A JP 2003232112 A JP2003232112 A JP 2003232112A JP 2002031139 A JP2002031139 A JP 2002031139A JP 2002031139 A JP2002031139 A JP 2002031139A JP 2003232112 A JP2003232112 A JP 2003232112A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
soil
wall
carbonized
rice
carbonized rice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2002031139A
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Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3735074B2 (en
Inventor
Hideo Shimazaki
英雄 島崎
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP2002031139A priority Critical patent/JP3735074B2/en
Publication of JP2003232112A publication Critical patent/JP2003232112A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3735074B2 publication Critical patent/JP3735074B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mud wall, in which there is no possibility of the generation of fungi and which can contribute to the formation of a living space being sanitary and being excellent even in health. <P>SOLUTION: In the mud wall, mud 1, carbonized chaff 2 at approximately the same volume ratio as mud 1 and paste 3 at 10% or less of the total amount of mud 1 and carbonized chaff 2 are mixed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、主に日本家屋の壁
面に下塗りとして塗る土壁に関するものである。 【0002】 【従来の技術】従来この種の土壁として本出願人が既に
提案した特許第3090878号を挙げることができ
る。この特許発明の内容は、廃棄物の有効利用及び取り
扱いの利便性とともに、土と土との結合力の強化を図る
見地から、継ぎ材として藁に替わり籾殻を用いたことを
特徴とするものである。 【0003】しかしながら、土壁中の籾殻には、たまに
米が残存していることがあり、この残存している米が原
因となって施工後の壁にカビが生ずる懸念があった。 【0004】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は前記事情に基
づいてなされたものであり、カビの発生のおそれが全く
なく衛生的で健康にも良好な居住空間の形成に寄与でき
る土壁を提供することを目的とする。 【0005】 【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による土壁は、土
と炭化籾殻とを略同じ容積量で配合・混入し、さらに土
及び炭化籾殻をかき混ぜた後の総量の約1割以下の糊を
入れて混合してなることを特徴とするものである。 【0006】ここで炭化籾殻とは、籾殻を酸素の供給が
不完全または断たれた状態で熱分解したものであり、未
だ籾殻の原形の残っているものを使用する。このように
して作った炭化籾殻は、籾殻を炭化することによって籾
殻の殺菌が行われており、しかも断熱及び保温効果が高
くなるという特性に変化する。 【0007】土は赤土(粘土)と山砂を混合し十分な水
を入れてその状態のまま寝かしておいたものを使用す
る。糊は、古くから左官材料に使用されてきたもの、例
えば海草や餅米を煮て作ったものを用いるが、特に作業
性や耐水性などの点から角又を主体とした海草糊が好ま
しい。 【0008】このように構成される土壁は、炭化籾殻を
使用することによって、たとえ籾殻中に米の残存してい
るものがあったとしても、その米を含めて炭化され殺菌
されているので、施工後の土壁中にはカビ発生原因とな
るものが全く存在していない。また、土壁施工後の土壁
中に含まれている炭化籾殻には断熱及び保温作用がある
ので、本土壁を内壁や外壁に使用すれば、断熱・保温の
性能に優れた居住環境の家屋を得ることができる。 【0009】 【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明による土壁について
の実施形態を説明する。本発明の土壁13は、土壁の主
材料となる土1と、土と土との結合を強くするためのい
わゆる継ぎ材2と、土壁に固着性を出し且つ粘りを出し
て塗りやすくするための糊3と、を配合し混ぜ合わせて
作ってある点は、従来一般の土壁と基本的に変わりはな
いが、本発明の場合、前記継ぎ材2として、米を包んで
いる籾殻をそのままではなく酸素の供給が不完全か又は
断った状態で熱分解して得た炭化籾殻2を利用している
点が、最大の特徴となっている。 【0010】まず、前記土1は、赤土(粘土)が1に対
して山砂を2の割合で配合し混ぜて水を十分に入れ、1
年程度寝かしたものを使用する。そして、実際にこの土
を工事現場で土壁用に使用する場合には、例えば、約1
年寝かした前記土を例えばパワーショベル等の土木機械
で掘り起こし、さらに、この土をローラにかけて塊とな
っている部分をつぶし、土の物理的性状を整える。 【0011】次に、炭化籾殻2の作り方の例について図
2に基づき説明する。すなわち、図2に示すように、炭
化籾殻2を作る際に使用する加熱炉4は、底が開放され
且つ内部に熱源5を入れておくための中空部6を備えて
いる加熱体7と、該加熱体7の中空部6に連通して起立
する煙突8と、から構成され、前記加熱体7は上面が中
央に向かって上向き勾配に形成されている略方形錐体状
をしており、煙突8は加熱体7の中央頂部から起立し、
煙突8の周面には煙突内に通じる多数の小孔9が設けて
ある。そして、加熱体7及び煙突8はいずれもブリキに
て形成されている。この加熱炉4を用いて炭化籾殻2を
作る場合には、まず、加熱体7の中空部6内に薪10を
入れた状態で火を付けた後、加熱炉4を中心として周り
に堆く籾殻11を置く。この際、煙突8の先端は堆く積
まれている籾殻11から飛び出ている状態にしておく。 【0012】このようにすれば、中空部6内で燃える薪
10を熱源5として加熱体7及び煙突8は加熱されてい
くが、この加熱体7及び煙突8の周りには籾殻11で密
閉状態となっていて放熱されないので、加熱体7及び煙
突8における加熱温度が高くなり、その熱を受けて周り
の籾殻11が順次広がるようにして燻り出す状態とな
る。そして火の手が上がったらその部分に上から籾殻を
その都度被せて酸素の供給を遮断して燻り状態を維持し
つつ全体の籾殻11を炭化籾殻2となるようにする。 【0013】次いで、糊3は海草糊を使用し、本実施形
態例では海草のうち角又を炊いて1〜20%の液濃度に
したものを用いる。 【0014】このようにして作った土1は布袋に詰め、
さらに炭化籾殻2及び角又の糊3はそれぞれ各袋に詰め
て工事現場へ運ぶ。工事現場では、まず袋から炭化籾殻
2を出してミキサーに投入し、次いで投入した炭化籾殻
2と略同じ容積量の土1を同様にしてミキサー内に入れ
て両者をよくかき混ぜる。そうすると、炭化籾殻が粒状
形態であることから土1の中に略均一に分散するととも
に、炭化籾殻における半楕円球状の凹部12まで土1が
入り込んで土1に良くなじんだ状態となる。尚、土1と
炭化籾殻2の容積比割合については、土1の割合が多い
と土壁に亀裂が生じやすくなり、また炭化籾殻2の割合
が多いと土壁のボードへの接着性が悪くなり塗りにくく
なる。前記のように、炭化籾殻2と土1を良くかき混ぜ
た後におけるミキサー内の炭化籾殻2及び土1の総量に
おける約1割程度の容積量の糊3を更に入れて良くかき
混ぜる。糊3を入れる理由は、土壁に粘りを出し塗りや
すくするためであるが、糊3の割合が1割より超える
と、土壁としての土が負けた状態になり好ましくない。 【0015】このようにして作った土壁13は、炭化籾
殻2が土1の中に平均的に分散し、且つ各炭化籾殻2の
半楕円球状の凹部12にまで土1が入り込んで土1と絶
妙に一体的に混ざり合っているので、プラスタボードや
ラスボード等の被塗装面に容易に塗ることができるとと
もに、炭化籾殻2が土1と土1との結合力を強めて継ぎ
材としての役割を十分に果たしている。 【0016】しかも、土壁13中の炭化籾殻2は、炭化
することで殺菌されているのでカビや雑菌の発生及び繁
殖の原因になる懸念は全くない。 【0017】さらに、土壁中に分散している炭化籾殻2
の物性について生の籾殻及び半炭化の籾殻と比較した実
験データを以下の表1で示す。 【表1】 【0018】このように実験データに示すように炭化籾
殻2は、生の籾殻及び半炭化の籾殻のいずれよりも熱伝
導率λの数値及び比熱сの数値が小さくなっている。換
言すれば、炭化籾殻2の物性としての断熱性能及び保温
性能は、生の籾殻のそれよりは勿論半炭化の籾殻のそれ
よりも優れている。 【0019】 【発明の効果】以上のように本発明による土壁は、亀裂
を防いで土と土との結合力を強固にする継ぎ材として炭
化籾殻を使用したので、カビや雑菌の発生及び繁殖の誘
因を未然に断つことができ、しかも炭化籾殻による断熱
・保温の特性とも相まって健康で且つ快適な居住環境の
提供に寄与できる効果を有している。 【0020】また炭化籾殻は、運搬及び取り扱いにも便
利であり、土壁による使用により現実に破棄処分に困る
ほど大量に存在している籾殻の有効利用を図ることがで
きるとともに、コスト的にも極めて安価である。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an earth wall which is mainly used as an undercoat on a wall of a Japanese house. 2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent No. 3090878, which has already been proposed by the present applicant, can be cited as an example of this type of earth wall. The content of this patented invention is characterized by using rice husks instead of straw as a jointing material from the viewpoint of enhancing the bonding force between soil and soil, in addition to the effective use of waste and the convenience of handling. is there. [0003] However, rice sometimes remains in the rice husks in the soil wall, and there is a concern that the remaining rice may cause mold on the wall after construction. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has no risk of mold generation and can contribute to the formation of a sanitary and healthy living space. The purpose is to provide walls. [0005] The earth wall according to the present invention comprises approximately 10% of the total amount of the soil and the carbonized rice hull after mixing and mixing the soil and the carbonized rice hull in substantially the same volume. It is characterized by being mixed by adding the following glue. [0006] Here, the carbonized rice hulls are obtained by thermally decomposing rice husks in a state where the supply of oxygen is incomplete or cut off. The carbonized rice husks thus produced are subjected to the sterilization of the rice hulls by carbonizing the rice hulls, and change to a property of increasing the heat insulation and heat retaining effect. [0007] The soil used is a mixture of red clay (clay) and mountain sand, which is filled with sufficient water and left in that state. As the glue, a glue that has been used as a plastering material since ancient times, for example, a glue made by boiling seaweed or rice cake is used. From the viewpoint of workability and water resistance, a seaweed glue mainly composed of corners is preferred. [0008] The soil wall thus constructed is carbonized and sterilized by using carbonized rice hulls, even if rice husks remain in the rice husks. However, there is no mold that causes mold generation in the soil wall after construction. In addition, the carbonized rice hulls contained in the earthen wall after the earthen wall construction has heat insulation and heat insulation, so if the mainland wall is used for the inner wall and the outer wall, the house in a living environment with excellent heat insulation and heat insulation performance Can be obtained. An embodiment of an earth wall according to the present invention will be described below. The earth wall 13 of the present invention is a soil 1 which is a main material of the earth wall, a so-called joint material 2 for strengthening the bond between the soil and the soil, and has a sticking property and stickiness to the earth wall to make it easy to apply. Is basically the same as a conventional general earth wall, but in the case of the present invention, rice husk wrapping rice is used as the joining material 2 in the present invention. The greatest feature is that carbonized rice husk 2 obtained by pyrolysis in a state where the supply of oxygen is incomplete or turned off is not used as it is. First, the soil 1 is prepared by mixing and mixing mountain sand with red soil (clay) at a ratio of 1 to 1 and sufficiently adding water.
Use something that has been aged for about a year. And, when this soil is actually used for a mud wall at a construction site, for example, about 1
The aged soil is excavated by an earth-moving machine such as a power shovel or the like, and furthermore, the soil is wrapped with a roller to crush the lumps, thereby adjusting the physical properties of the soil. Next, an example of how to make the carbonized chaff 2 will be described with reference to FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a heating furnace 4 used when making the charred rice husk 2 has a heating body 7 having an open bottom and a hollow portion 6 for storing a heat source 5 therein, A chimney 8 standing up in communication with the hollow portion 6 of the heating element 7, wherein the heating element 7 has a substantially square pyramid shape whose upper surface is formed to have an upward slope toward the center. The chimney 8 rises from the central top of the heating element 7,
The periphery of the chimney 8 is provided with a number of small holes 9 communicating with the inside of the chimney. Each of the heating element 7 and the chimney 8 is formed of tinplate. When making the charcoal chaff 2 using this heating furnace 4, first, a fire is put in a state where the firewood 10 is put in the hollow portion 6 of the heating body 7, and the firewood 4 is piled up around the heating furnace 4. Put the rice husk 11. At this time, the tip of the chimney 8 is made to protrude from the pile of chaff 11 piled up. In this manner, the heating element 7 and the chimney 8 are heated by using the firewood 10 burning in the hollow portion 6 as the heat source 5, and the rice husk 11 is sealed around the heating element 7 and the chimney 8. Since the heat is not radiated, the heating temperature in the heating element 7 and the chimney 8 is increased, and the surrounding rice hulls 11 are sequentially spread by receiving the heat to be in a state of smoking. Then, when the hands of the fire rise, rice husks are put on the portions each time from above, and the supply of oxygen is shut off so that the whole rice hulls 11 become carbonized rice husks 2 while maintaining the smoked state. Next, a seaweed paste is used as the paste 3, and in the present embodiment, seaweed is cooked at a corner to make a liquid concentration of 1 to 20%. The soil 1 thus prepared is packed in a cloth bag.
Further, the carbonized rice hulls 2 and the glue 3 of the horns are packed in each bag and transported to the construction site. At the construction site, first, carbonized rice husk 2 is taken out of the bag and put into a mixer, and then soil 1 having approximately the same volume as the charged carbonized rice husk 2 is put into the mixer in the same manner, and both are well mixed. Then, since the carbonized rice husk is in a granular form, it is substantially uniformly dispersed in the soil 1, and the soil 1 enters the semi-elliptical spherical concave portion 12 in the carbonized rice hull and becomes well-fitted to the soil 1. In addition, regarding the volume ratio of the soil 1 and the carbonized rice husk 2, when the ratio of the soil 1 is large, cracks are easily generated in the soil wall, and when the ratio of the carbonized rice husk 2 is large, the adhesion of the soil wall to the board is poor. It becomes difficult to apply. As described above, after the carbonized rice hulls 2 and the soil 1 are thoroughly mixed, the glue 3 having a volume of about 10% of the total amount of the carbonized rice hulls 2 and the soil 1 in the mixer is further added and mixed well. The reason for putting the glue 3 is to make the soil wall sticky and to make it easy to apply. However, if the ratio of the glue 3 exceeds 10%, the soil as the mud wall is in a state of being lost, which is not preferable. The soil wall 13 thus formed is characterized in that the carbonized rice hulls 2 are dispersed in the soil 1 on average and the soil 1 enters the semi-elliptical spherical recesses 12 of each carbonized rice hull 2. And exquisitely mixed together, it can be easily applied to the surface to be coated such as plasterboard or lathboard, and the carbonized rice hulls 2 strengthen the bonding force between soil 1 Plays a sufficient role. Moreover, since the carbonized rice hulls 2 in the soil wall 13 are sterilized by carbonization, there is no concern that molds and various bacteria may be generated and propagated. Further, the carbonized chaff 2 dispersed in the soil wall
Table 1 below shows the experimental data of the physical properties of the raw rice hulls compared with raw rice husks and semi-carbonized rice husks. [Table 1] As shown in the experimental data, the carbonized rice husk 2 has a smaller value of the thermal conductivity λ and a smaller value of the specific heat с than both the raw rice husk and the semi-carbonized rice hull. In other words, the heat insulation performance and the heat retention performance of the carbonized rice hulls 2 as physical properties are better than those of raw rice hulls and of course those of semi-carbonized rice hulls. As described above, the soil wall according to the present invention uses carbonized rice husk as a joining material for preventing cracks and strengthening the bonding force between soil and soil. The incentive for breeding can be cut off beforehand, and it has the effect of contributing to the provision of a healthy and comfortable living environment in combination with the characteristics of heat insulation and heat retention by carbonized rice husk. Further, carbonized rice hulls are convenient for transportation and handling, and can be used effectively by using a large amount of rice hulls that are actually difficult to dispose of by using a clay wall, and also in terms of cost. Extremely inexpensive.

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】(イ)(ロ)(ハ) 本発明による土壁の実施形態例を示す説明図とA部拡大
図と炭化籾殻の斜視図である。 【図2】炭化籾殻を作る一例を示す説明図である。 【符号の説明】 1 土 2 炭化籾殻(継ぎ材) 3 糊
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of an earth wall according to the present invention, an enlarged view of a portion A, and a perspective view of carbonized rice hulls. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of making carbonized rice husk. [Explanation of symbols] 1 soil 2 carbonized rice hull (joint material) 3 glue

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 土(1)と、土(1)に対して略同じ容
積比の炭化籾殻(2)と、土(1)及び炭化籾殻(2)
の総量の1割以下の糊(3)と、を混合してなることを
特徴とする土壁。
Claims: 1. Soil (1), carbonized rice hull (2) having substantially the same volume ratio to soil (1), soil (1) and carbonized rice hull (2)
And a glue (3) that is not more than 10% of the total amount of the clay wall.
JP2002031139A 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Earthen wall Expired - Fee Related JP3735074B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002031139A JP3735074B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Earthen wall

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002031139A JP3735074B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Earthen wall

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003232112A true JP2003232112A (en) 2003-08-22
JP3735074B2 JP3735074B2 (en) 2006-01-11

Family

ID=27774629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2002031139A Expired - Fee Related JP3735074B2 (en) 2002-02-07 2002-02-07 Earthen wall

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3735074B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009270313A (en) * 2008-05-02 2009-11-19 Kiyokatsu Watanabe Heat insulation construction method using soil

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009270313A (en) * 2008-05-02 2009-11-19 Kiyokatsu Watanabe Heat insulation construction method using soil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3735074B2 (en) 2006-01-11

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