JP2003207502A - Compost maturity determining device and method - Google Patents
Compost maturity determining device and methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003207502A JP2003207502A JP2002002425A JP2002002425A JP2003207502A JP 2003207502 A JP2003207502 A JP 2003207502A JP 2002002425 A JP2002002425 A JP 2002002425A JP 2002002425 A JP2002002425 A JP 2002002425A JP 2003207502 A JP2003207502 A JP 2003207502A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen concentration
- compost
- sample
- temperature
- sample container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、堆肥の腐熟度を判
定する堆肥腐熟度判定装置及び堆肥腐熟度判定方法に関
するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compost maturity level determination device and a compost maturity level determination method for determining the maturity level of compost.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、堆肥の腐熟度判定法に関しては多
数の提案がなされているが、それらの方法は、分析に長
い時間や高度な技術を必要とする場合が多く、実用的で
ないのが現状である。例えば、BOD(生物学的酸素要
求量)測定による腐熟度判定法は、堆肥から抽出された
水を培養し、その培養前後の溶存酸素の差から堆肥の腐
熟度を判定するものであるが、前記培養には5日も要す
るため、測定時間が長くなってしまうという問題を有し
ていた。そこで、前記腐熟度判定法を改良したものとし
て、特開昭57−56752号公報に記載された測定方
法があるが、pH調整等の面倒な操作を有することや、
24〜30時間程度の測定時間を要すること等、更なる
改良点を有していた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a number of proposals have been made regarding methods for determining the maturity of compost, but these methods often require a long time for analysis and sophisticated techniques, and are not practical. The current situation. For example, the maturity level determination method based on BOD (biological oxygen demand) measurement involves culturing water extracted from compost and determining the maturity level of the compost from the difference in dissolved oxygen before and after the culture. Since the culture requires 5 days, there is a problem that the measurement time becomes long. Therefore, there is a measuring method described in JP-A-57-56752 as an improved method of the ripening degree determination method, which has a troublesome operation such as pH adjustment,
It had further improvements such as requiring a measurement time of about 24 to 30 hours.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記従来事情
に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とする処は、測
定時間が短くて測定精度が高い上、取扱いも容易な堆肥
腐熟度判定装置及び堆肥腐熟度判定方法を提供すること
にある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to determine the maturity level of compost which is short in measurement time, high in measurement accuracy, and easy to handle. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for determining the degree of maturity of compost.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に、第一の発明の堆肥腐熟度判定装置は、試料容器内へ
投入される堆肥サンプルを加熱し所定の培養温度に維持
する加熱保温部と、前記試料容器内の温度を制御する制
御回路部とを本体ケース内に備えるとともに、前記試料
容器内に臨む酸素濃度センサーを備え、前記試料容器内
の酸素濃度の変化を検知するようにした堆肥腐熟度判定
装置であって、前記加熱保温部は、前記試料容器の外周
を伝熱体によって覆い包むとともに、該伝熱体の外周面
に電気ヒーターを接触させ、更に、前記伝熱体及び電気
ヒーターを保温材によって覆い包んでなり、前記制御回
路部は、前記試料容器内を所定の培養温度に保つように
前記電気ヒーターへの供給電力を調整する温度調整手段
と、所定の保温時間経過後に前記酸素濃度センサーによ
る第一回目の酸素濃度測定を開始する第一酸素濃度測定
手段と、第一回目の酸素濃度測定が完了し所定時間経過
後に前記酸素濃度センサーによる第二回目の酸素濃度測
定を開始する第二酸素濃度測定手段とを具備し、前記二
回の酸素濃度測定値より演算処理された結果を、本体ケ
ース外に露出されている表示手段に表示することを特徴
とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the apparatus for determining the degree of maturity of compost according to the first aspect of the present invention is a heating and heat-retaining apparatus for heating a compost sample put into a sample container and maintaining it at a predetermined culture temperature. Part and a control circuit part for controlling the temperature in the sample container are provided in the main body case, and an oxygen concentration sensor facing the sample container is provided to detect a change in the oxygen concentration in the sample container. The apparatus for determining the degree of maturity of compost according to claim 1, wherein the heating and heat retaining section covers the outer circumference of the sample container with a heat transfer body, and an electric heater is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body. And an electric heater covered with a heat insulating material, wherein the control circuit unit has a temperature adjusting means for adjusting electric power supplied to the electric heater so as to keep the inside of the sample container at a predetermined culture temperature, and a predetermined temperature A first oxygen concentration measuring means for starting the first oxygen concentration measurement by the oxygen concentration sensor after a lapse of time, and a second oxygen concentration by the oxygen concentration sensor after a lapse of a predetermined time after the first oxygen concentration measurement is completed. A second oxygen concentration measuring means for starting the measurement is provided, and the result of the arithmetic processing based on the two oxygen concentration measured values is displayed on the display means exposed outside the main body case.
【0005】また、第二の発明の堆肥腐熟度判定方法
は、堆肥サンプルの含有水分の重量比を60〜75%の
範囲内に調整し、その堆肥サンプルを30〜40度の範
囲内の培養温度で所定の保温時間保持した後、第一回目
の酸素濃度測定を行い、その第一回目の酸素濃度測定が
完了し前記培養温度を保持した状態で所定時間経過後に
第二回目の酸素濃度測定行い、前記二回の酸素濃度測定
値の差より堆肥サンプルの腐熟度を判定するようにした
ことを特徴とする。In the method for determining the maturity level of compost according to the second aspect of the present invention, the weight ratio of the water content of the compost sample is adjusted within the range of 60 to 75%, and the compost sample is cultured within the range of 30 to 40 degrees. After holding the temperature for a predetermined incubation time, perform the first oxygen concentration measurement, and after the first oxygen concentration measurement is completed and the culture temperature is maintained, the second oxygen concentration measurement after a predetermined time has elapsed. The maturity of the compost sample is determined based on the difference between the two oxygen concentration measurement values.
【0006】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。図1及び2は、本発明に係わる堆
肥腐熟度判定装置の一例を示す。この堆肥腐熟度判定装
置Aは、図2に示すように、本体ケース30内に、試料
容器11内へ投入される堆肥サンプルを加熱し所定の培
養温度に維持する加熱保温部10と、試料容器11内の
温度を制御する制御回路部20とを備えるとともに、前
記試料容器11の上方開口部を開閉する蓋部40の内側
に、試料容器11内に臨む酸素濃度センサー50を備
え、前記試料容器11内の酸素濃度の変化を検知するよ
うに構成されている。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show an example of a compost maturity level determination device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus A for determining the degree of maturity of compost includes a heating and heat-retaining unit 10 for heating a compost sample to be put into the sample container 11 in a main body case 30 to maintain a predetermined culture temperature, and a sample container. The sample container 11 is provided with an oxygen concentration sensor 50 facing the inside of the lid 40 that opens and closes the upper opening of the sample container 11. It is configured to detect a change in the oxygen concentration in 11.
【0007】本体ケース30は、合成樹脂材料又は軽量
金属材料を、上方に開口部を有する箱状に加工したもの
であり、その内部が、仕切り板32によって加熱保温部
10を収納する空間と、制御回路部20を収納する空間
とに仕切られている。そして、この本体ケース30の上
方開口部は、後述する試料容器11の開口部と表示手段
21とを貫通露出させるカバー31によって覆われてい
る。The main body case 30 is made of a synthetic resin material or a lightweight metal material processed into a box shape having an opening at the top, and the inside thereof has a space for accommodating the heating and heat retaining section 10 by a partition plate 32. It is partitioned into a space for housing the control circuit unit 20. The upper opening of the main body case 30 is covered with a cover 31 which exposes the opening of the sample container 11 and the display means 21 which will be described later.
【0008】蓋部40は、前記本体ケース30と同材料
からなり本体ケース30の上方開口部に重なり合うよう
に形成され、本体ケース30との間に蝶番及び係脱金具
を備えることで、本体ケース30に対し開閉且つ係脱す
るように取り付けられ、該蓋部40の内部には、本体ケ
ース30内の試料容器11中心部に対応する位置に、酸
素濃度センサー50が下向きに取り付けられている。The lid 40 is made of the same material as the body case 30 and is formed so as to overlap the upper opening of the body case 30, and is provided with a hinge and an engaging / disengaging metal fitting between the body case 30 and the body case 30. An oxygen concentration sensor 50 is attached so as to open and close and engage and disengage with respect to 30, and the oxygen concentration sensor 50 is attached downward inside the lid portion 40 at a position corresponding to the central portion of the sample container 11 in the main body case 30.
【0009】加熱保温部10は、本体ケース30内の仕
切り板32によって仕切られた一方の空間内に構成さ
れ、ステンレス、又はガラス、銅、アルミニウム等から
なる有底筒状の試料容器11の外周を、該試料容器11
の上方開口部を除いて伝熱体12によって覆い包むとと
もに、その伝熱体12の外周面に、複数の電気ヒーター
13を接触させて固定し、更に、前記伝熱体12及び電
気ヒーター13を保温材14によって覆い包んでなる。
尚、試料容器11の材質は、熱伝導性及び耐久強度、保
温性等の観点から、特にステンレスを用いるのが好まし
い。The heating / heat-retaining portion 10 is formed in one space partitioned by a partition plate 32 in the main body case 30, and has an outer periphery of a bottomed cylindrical sample container 11 made of stainless steel, glass, copper, aluminum or the like. The sample container 11
Is covered with the heat transfer body 12 except for the upper opening, and a plurality of electric heaters 13 are brought into contact with and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body 12, and further the heat transfer body 12 and the electric heater 13 are fixed. It is wrapped with the heat insulating material 14.
The material of the sample container 11 is preferably stainless steel from the viewpoints of thermal conductivity, durability strength, heat retention and the like.
【0010】伝熱体12は、試料容器11の開口部を除
く部位を覆い包むように形成されれば、一体構造または
分割構造の何れであっても構わない。この伝熱体12の
材質は、アルミニウム、銅、ステンレス等の熱伝導性の
高い材料であれば限定されるものでないが、熱伝導率が
高く且つ軽量な材料として特にアルミニウムを用いるの
が好ましい。尚、蓋部40内にも、酸素濃度センサー5
0を貫挿するようにして伝熱体12’が設けられる。し
たがって、試料容器11は、その全周を伝熱体12,1
2’によって覆われることになる。また、蓋部40側の
伝熱体12’は、蓋部40が閉じられた際に、前記本体
ケース30内の伝熱体12の上端に接触するように配置
されている。The heat transfer body 12 may have either an integral structure or a divided structure as long as it is formed so as to cover the portion of the sample container 11 excluding the opening. The material of the heat transfer body 12 is not limited as long as it is a material having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum, copper and stainless steel, but aluminum is particularly preferably used as a material having high thermal conductivity and light weight. In addition, the oxygen concentration sensor 5 is also provided in the lid 40.
A heat transfer body 12 'is provided so that 0 is inserted. Therefore, the sample container 11 has its entire circumference surrounded by the heat transfer bodies 12, 1.
It will be covered by 2 '. Further, the heat transfer body 12 ′ on the lid part 40 side is arranged so as to come into contact with the upper end of the heat transfer body 12 in the main body case 30 when the lid part 40 is closed.
【0011】よって、電気ヒーター13の熱は、伝熱体
12,12’を伝導することで、試料容器11の外周を
満遍なく加熱することになる。Therefore, the heat of the electric heater 13 conducts the heat transfer bodies 12 and 12 'to uniformly heat the outer periphery of the sample container 11.
【0012】電気ヒーター13は、導体を耐熱性ゴムで
被覆してなり、図示しない電線により制御回路部20へ
電気的に接続され、制御回路部20から電力の供給を受
けて発熱する。The electric heater 13 has a conductor covered with heat resistant rubber, is electrically connected to the control circuit section 20 by an electric wire (not shown), and receives heat from the control circuit section 20 to generate heat.
【0013】保温材14は、発泡スチロールや、スポン
ジ、ポリエチレンフォーム等からなり、伝熱体12及び
電気ヒーター13の外周を覆い包んで、試料容器11内
の熱を外部へ漏らさないようにしている。尚、蓋部40
側の伝熱体12’も、その外側(図2における伝熱体1
2’の上部側)が保温材14’によって覆い包まれてい
る。The heat insulating material 14 is made of expanded polystyrene, sponge, polyethylene foam or the like, and covers the outer circumferences of the heat transfer body 12 and the electric heater 13 to prevent the heat in the sample container 11 from leaking to the outside. The lid 40
The heat transfer body 12 ′ on the side is also outside (heat transfer body 1 in FIG. 2).
The upper side of 2 ') is covered with the heat insulating material 14'.
【0014】蓋部40内の酸素濃度センサー50は、ガ
ルバニ電池式やジルコニア固体電解質方式等の周知構造
の酸素濃度センサーであり、試料容器11内の酸素濃度
に応じた電気信号を、図示しない電線を介して制御回路
部20へ送信する。The oxygen concentration sensor 50 in the lid portion 40 is an oxygen concentration sensor having a well-known structure such as a galvanic cell type or a zirconia solid electrolyte type, and an electric signal corresponding to the oxygen concentration in the sample container 11 is supplied to an electric wire (not shown). To the control circuit unit 20 via the.
【0015】制御回路部20は、CPU、RAM、RO
M等を具備した電子回路であり、試料容器11内を所定
の培養温度に保つように電気ヒーター13への供給電力
を調整する温度調整手段と、所定の保温時間経過後に酸
素濃度センサー50による第一回目の酸素濃度測定を開
始する第一酸素濃度測定手段と、第一回目の酸素濃度測
定が完了し所定時間経過後に酸素濃度センサー50によ
る第二回目の酸素濃度測定を開始する第二酸素濃度測定
手段とを具備し、前記二回の酸素濃度測定値より演算処
理された結果を、本体ケース30外に露出されている表
示手段21に表示する。The control circuit section 20 includes a CPU, RAM, RO
An electronic circuit including M and the like, temperature adjusting means for adjusting the electric power supplied to the electric heater 13 so as to keep the inside of the sample container 11 at a predetermined culture temperature, and an oxygen concentration sensor 50 for measuring the temperature after a predetermined heat retention time. A first oxygen concentration measuring means for starting the first oxygen concentration measurement, and a second oxygen concentration for starting the second oxygen concentration measurement by the oxygen concentration sensor 50 after a lapse of a predetermined time after the first oxygen concentration measurement is completed. The measurement means is provided, and the result of the arithmetic processing based on the two oxygen concentration measurement values is displayed on the display means 21 exposed outside the main body case 30.
【0016】前記温度調整手段は、温度センサー15に
よって試料容器11内の温度を検知するとともに、その
検知温度が設定された培養温度となるように、電気ヒー
ター13への供給電力を、電圧制御またはON/OFF
制御等によって調整するフィードバック回路である。The temperature adjusting means detects the temperature in the sample container 11 by the temperature sensor 15 and controls the voltage supplied to the electric heater 13 so that the detected temperature becomes the set culture temperature. ON / OFF
It is a feedback circuit that is adjusted by control or the like.
【0017】前記温度センサー15は、測温抵抗体や熱
伝対等を用いた周知の温度センサーであり、伝熱体12
の底部に下方から有底孔を形成し、この有底孔内に挿入
されている。そして、この温度センサー15は、試料容
器11内の堆肥サンプルの温度を間接的に検知してい
る。尚、本発明者は、温度センサー15によって検知さ
れる温度と堆肥サンプル自体の温度との温度差が実験に
より0.5度以下であることを確認しているため、温度
センサー15により検知された温度を堆肥サンプルの温
度としても殆ど支障をきたすことがないが、必要に応じ
て、制御回路部20内で前記温度差を補正して堆肥サン
プルの温度を求めるようにしても構わない。また、前記
培養温度は、本実施の形態の好ましい一例では、30〜
40度に設定されている。The temperature sensor 15 is a well-known temperature sensor using a resistance temperature detector, a thermocouple, or the like.
A bottomed hole is formed in the bottom of the bottom from below, and the bottomed hole is inserted into the bottomed hole. The temperature sensor 15 indirectly detects the temperature of the compost sample in the sample container 11. Note that the present inventor has confirmed by experiment that the temperature difference between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 15 and the temperature of the compost sample itself is 0.5 degrees or less, so that the temperature sensor 15 detected the temperature difference. Although there is almost no problem even if the temperature is set to the temperature of the compost sample, the temperature difference may be corrected in the control circuit unit 20 to obtain the temperature of the compost sample, if necessary. Further, the culture temperature is 30 to 30 in a preferred example of the present embodiment.
It is set to 40 degrees.
【0018】前記第一酸素濃度測定手段は、スタートボ
タン(図示せず)が押された直後に、制御回路部20内
のタイマー機能によって前記培養温度を所定の保温時間
保持し、その後に、酸素濃度センサー50による第一回
目の酸素濃度の測定を行い、その測定値を一時的に記憶
する回路である。尚、前記スタートボタンは、本体ケー
ス30の上面に設けてもよいし、蓋部40が閉じられた
際にONになるように、蓋部40と本体ケース30との
間に設けられたリミットスイッチであってもよい。ま
た、前記保温時間は、堆肥の種類等に応じて適宜設定さ
れるが、本実施の形態の好ましい一例によれば、約30
分に設定されている。Immediately after the start button (not shown) is pressed, the first oxygen concentration measuring means holds the culture temperature for a predetermined heat retention time by the timer function in the control circuit section 20, and then the oxygen concentration is maintained. This is a circuit for measuring the oxygen concentration for the first time by the concentration sensor 50 and temporarily storing the measured value. The start button may be provided on the upper surface of the body case 30, or a limit switch provided between the lid part 40 and the body case 30 so that the start button is turned on when the lid part 40 is closed. May be Further, the heat retention time is appropriately set according to the type of compost and the like, but according to a preferred example of the present embodiment, it is about 30.
Set to minutes.
【0019】前記第二酸素濃度測定手段は、前記第一酸
素濃度測定手段による酸素濃度の測定が完了した後に、
制御回路部20内のタイマー機能により前記培養温度を
所定時間保持し、その後に、酸素濃度センサー50によ
る第二回目の酸素濃度の測定を行い、その測定値を一時
的に記憶する回路である。尚、前記所定時間とは、第一
回目の酸素濃度測定から第2回目の酸素濃度測定までの
間の時間であり、堆肥の種類等に応じて適宜設定される
が、本実施の形態の好ましい一例によれば、約30分に
設定されている。The second oxygen concentration measuring means, after the measurement of the oxygen concentration by the first oxygen concentration measuring means is completed,
This is a circuit that holds the culture temperature for a predetermined time by a timer function in the control circuit unit 20, then measures the second oxygen concentration by the oxygen concentration sensor 50, and temporarily stores the measured value. The predetermined time is the time between the first oxygen concentration measurement and the second oxygen concentration measurement, and is set appropriately according to the type of compost and the like, but the present embodiment is preferable. According to one example, it is set to about 30 minutes.
【0020】表示手段21は、液晶表示器であり、制御
回路部20内で計算された酸素消費量を表示する。そし
て、この酸素消費量は、換算グラフや換算表等を用いて
腐熟度に換算される。この腐熟度とは、堆肥の熟し度合
いを百分率で表現したものである。図3のグラフは、実
験により、新鮮牛糞の腐熟度を0%、完熟と考えられる
堆肥の腐熟度を100%と仮定し、それら二者の堆肥の
混合割合を6段階に変えて、腐熟度に差のある試料を人
為的に作り、それぞれの酸素消費量を計測したものであ
る。尚、前記完熟とは、堆肥の腐熟過程において、酸素
消費量を定期的に測定し、その酸素消費量がほぼ0にな
った時点で完熟したと仮定したものである。すなわち、
堆肥は、未熟のうちは微生物によって分解される易分解
性有機物を多く含み微生物の呼吸が活発で、腐熟が進む
につれて易分解性有機物が少なくなり微生物の呼吸が少
なくなる。The display means 21 is a liquid crystal display and displays the oxygen consumption calculated in the control circuit section 20. Then, this oxygen consumption amount is converted into the ripening degree using a conversion graph, a conversion table, or the like. The degree of ripening expresses the ripening degree of compost as a percentage. The graph in Fig. 3 shows that the maturity of fresh cow dung is 0% and the maturity of compost that is considered to be fully ripe is 100%, and the mixing ratio of the two composts is changed to 6 levels according to the experiment. This is a measurement of the oxygen consumption of each sample artificially made with different values. The term "ripening" is based on the assumption that oxygen consumption is measured regularly during the compost ripening process, and that the ripeness is reached when the oxygen consumption reaches almost zero. That is,
Compost contains a large amount of easily decomposable organic matter that is decomposed by microorganisms when it is immature, and the respiration of microorganisms is active. As the maturity progresses, the amount of easily decomposable organic matter decreases and the respiration of microorganisms decreases.
【0021】また、図3のグラフに示す実験結果は、堆
肥の成分が牛糞である場合の一例であり、堆肥が腐熟さ
れる際の諸条件や堆肥の成分等に応じて異なるものであ
る。したがって、酸素消費量から腐熟度を換算するため
の換算グラフや換算表等は、堆肥腐熟度判定装置Aの測
定対象となる堆肥の種類に応じて、実験に基づいて適宜
作成される。The experimental results shown in the graph of FIG. 3 are an example in the case where the compost component is cow dung, and it differs depending on various conditions when the compost is ripened, the compost component, and the like. Therefore, a conversion graph, a conversion table, or the like for converting the maturity degree from the oxygen consumption amount is appropriately created based on experiments according to the type of compost to be measured by the compost maturity degree determination device A.
【0022】また、酸素消費量の計算は、詳細には下記
のようにして行われる。先ず、第一回目の酸素濃度測定
値と第二回目の酸素濃度測定値との各々について、下記
式により酸素重量が求められる。
酸素重量[μg]=(試料容器の内容積[ml]−堆肥
サンプルの容積[ml])×酸素濃度測定値(%)÷1
00×1mlあたりの酸素重量[μg]
尚、前記酸素重量は、例えば、温度0度、1気圧の場合
は1430[μg]、また、温度35度、1気圧の場合
には1270[μg]とする。次に、次式により、前記
2点の酸素重量の差が求められる。
酸素重量の差[μg]=第一回目の測定から求められた
酸素重量[μg]−第二回目の測定から求められた酸素
重量[μg]
そして、次式により、1gの堆肥によって1分間に消費
された酸素消費量が求められる。
酸素消費量[μg/g/min]=酸素重量の差[μ
g]÷試料の重量[g]÷第一回目の酸素濃度測定から
第2回目の酸素濃度測定までの間の時間[min]The oxygen consumption amount is calculated in detail as follows. First, for each of the first oxygen concentration measurement value and the second oxygen concentration measurement value, the oxygen weight is calculated by the following formula. Oxygen weight [μg] = (internal volume of sample container [ml] -volume of compost sample [ml]) x measured oxygen concentration (%) / 1
Oxygen weight per 00 × 1 ml [μg] The oxygen weight is, for example, 1430 [μg] when the temperature is 0 ° C. and 1 atm, and 1270 [μg] when the temperature is 35 ° C. and 1 atm. To do. Next, the difference between the oxygen weights at the two points is calculated by the following equation. Oxygen weight difference [μg] = Oxygen weight obtained from the first measurement [μg] −Oxygen weight obtained from the second measurement [μg] Then, according to the following equation, 1 g of compost per minute The amount of oxygen consumed is calculated. Oxygen consumption [μg / g / min] = difference in oxygen weight [μ
g] ÷ weight of sample [g] ÷ time from first oxygen concentration measurement to second oxygen concentration measurement [min]
【0023】次に、上記堆肥腐熟度判定装置Aを用いた
堆肥腐熟度判定方法について詳細に説明する。この堆肥
腐熟度判定方法は、上述したように、堆肥の腐熟度が堆
肥内の微生物の呼吸による酸素消費量と相関関係を有す
ることを利用したものである。Next, the method for determining the degree of maturity of compost using the above-mentioned apparatus A for determining degree of maturity of compost will be described in detail. As described above, this method for determining the degree of maturity of compost utilizes the fact that the maturity of compost has a correlation with the oxygen consumption due to the respiration of microorganisms in the compost.
【0024】この堆肥腐熟度判定方法によれば、先ず、
採取された堆肥サンプルは、その含有水分の重量比が6
0〜75%の範囲内になるように水分調整される。この
水分調整方法は、例えば、堆肥サンプルの水分含有量を
周知の方法で測定し、その測定された水分含有量(比
率)が60%未満の場合には、堆肥サンプルに所定量の
水を加え、また、75%以上の場合には、堆肥サンプル
を風乾する等、周知の水分調整方法であればよい。According to this method for judging the degree of maturity of compost, first,
The collected compost sample has a weight ratio of water content of 6
The water content is adjusted to be within the range of 0 to 75%. This water content adjustment method measures, for example, the water content of a compost sample by a well-known method, and when the measured water content (ratio) is less than 60%, a predetermined amount of water is added to the compost sample. Further, in the case of 75% or more, a well-known moisture adjustment method such as air-drying the compost sample may be used.
【0025】前記含有水分の重量比は、図4に示す実験
結果に基づくものである。すなわち、堆肥サンプルの含
有水分の重量比率が前記範囲内にある場合(図中60
%、及び65%、70%、75%の測定値)は、酸素消
費量がほぼ一定して高めである。すなわち、所定時間に
おける酸素濃度の変化が顕著であり、腐熟度判定に適し
ていることになる。それに対し、同重量比率が前記範囲
外(55%、及び80%の測定値)では、前記よりも酸
素消費量が極端に低く、すなわち所定時間における酸素
濃度の変化が小さいために、信頼性の高い腐熟度判定が
困難である。The weight ratio of the contained water is based on the experimental result shown in FIG. That is, when the weight ratio of the water content of the compost sample is within the above range (60 in the figure)
%, And 65%, 70%, and 75% of the measured values), the oxygen consumption is almost constant and high. That is, the change in oxygen concentration during a predetermined period of time is remarkable, which is suitable for determining the maturity level. On the other hand, when the weight ratio is out of the above range (measured values of 55% and 80%), the oxygen consumption amount is extremely lower than the above value, that is, the change of the oxygen concentration in a predetermined time is small, so that the reliability of It is difficult to judge high maturity.
【0026】次に、堆肥腐熟度判定装置Aの電源が入れ
られ、予め、試料容器11が所定の培養温度(30〜4
0度)になるように加熱される。そして、試料容器11
内に、含有水分量が調整された上記堆肥サンプルが投入
され、蓋部40が閉じられ、スタートボタン(図示せ
ず)が押される。Next, the power of the compost maturity degree determination device A is turned on, and the sample container 11 is preset to a predetermined culture temperature (30 to 4).
It is heated to 0 degree). Then, the sample container 11
The above-mentioned compost sample with the adjusted water content is put therein, the lid 40 is closed, and a start button (not shown) is pressed.
【0027】前記スタートボタンがONにされると、前
記培養温度が所定の保温時間保持され、その後に、酸素
濃度センサー50による第一回目の酸素濃度の測定が行
われる。When the start button is turned on, the culture temperature is maintained for a predetermined heat retention time, after which the oxygen concentration sensor 50 measures the oxygen concentration for the first time.
【0028】そして、前記一回目の酸素濃度の測定が完
了し、更に前記培養温度が所定時間保持された後に、酸
素濃度センサー50による第二回目の酸素濃度の測定が
行われる。After the first oxygen concentration measurement is completed and the culture temperature is maintained for a predetermined time, the second oxygen concentration measurement by the oxygen concentration sensor 50 is performed.
【0029】次に、第一回目の酸素濃度測定値及び第二
回目の酸素濃度測定値、試料容器11の内容積、試料容
器11内に投入される試料の容積等のデータに基づき制
御回路部20内で酸素消費量が計算され、表示手段21
に表示される。そして、この酸素消費量は、上述したよ
うに、予め実験等に基づいて作成された換算グラフ(例
えば図3に示すグラフ)や換算表等を用いて腐熟度に換
算される。Next, the control circuit section is based on data such as the first oxygen concentration measurement value and the second oxygen concentration measurement value, the internal volume of the sample container 11, the volume of the sample loaded into the sample container 11 and the like. Oxygen consumption is calculated in 20 and display means 21
Is displayed in. Then, as described above, this oxygen consumption amount is converted into the maturity degree using a conversion graph (eg, the graph shown in FIG. 3) created in advance based on experiments or the like, a conversion table, or the like.
【0030】尚、前記培養温度は、本発明者が下記の諸
条件に基づいて、最も好適な温度範囲を限定したもので
ある。すなわち、培養温度は、微生物の活性化により酸
素消費量が多くなる温度が好適であること、また、試料
容器11内の結露防止のため、通常の外気温度よりも若
干高めの温度が適切であること、また、外気よりも低く
設定された場合には試料容器11を冷却する必要がある
ことから、通常の外気温度よりも高い温度が適切である
こと、また、低すぎる温度では微生物が不活性になると
ともに酸素消費量が少なく測定時間が長くなってしまう
こと、また、酸素濃度センサー50を使用温度範囲以内
で使用するためには40度以下に設定するのが適切であ
ること等の諸条件を勘案して、30〜40度の範囲内に
設定された。The culture temperature is set by the inventor of the present invention based on the following conditions to limit the most suitable temperature range. That is, the culture temperature is preferably a temperature at which oxygen consumption increases due to the activation of microorganisms, and in order to prevent dew condensation in the sample container 11, a temperature slightly higher than the normal outside air temperature is suitable. In addition, since it is necessary to cool the sample container 11 when the temperature is set lower than the outside air, it is appropriate that the temperature is higher than the normal outside air temperature, and if the temperature is too low, microorganisms are inactive. As a result, the oxygen consumption amount is small and the measurement time becomes long, and in order to use the oxygen concentration sensor 50 within the operating temperature range, it is appropriate to set it to 40 degrees or less. Considering the above, it was set within the range of 30 to 40 degrees.
【0031】また、本実施の形態では、表示手段21に
表示された酸素消費量を換算グラフや換算表等によって
腐熟度に換算するようにしているが、予め、酸素消費量
と腐熟度の関係を制御回路部20内に記憶させておき、
その関係から求められる腐熟度を直接表示手段21に表
示するようにしても構わない。Further, in the present embodiment, the oxygen consumption amount displayed on the display means 21 is converted into the maturity degree by a conversion graph or a conversion table, but the relationship between the oxygen consumption amount and the maturity degree is previously set. Is stored in the control circuit unit 20,
You may make it display the maturity degree calculated | required from the relationship directly on the display means 21.
【0032】[0032]
【発明の効果】本発明は、以上説明したように構成され
ているので、以下に記載されるような効果を奏する。第
一の発明によれば、試料容器内へ投入される堆肥サンプ
ルを所定の培養温度に維持し、所定時間経過前後の酸素
濃度の変化を検知することができ、その酸素濃度の変化
より堆肥サンプルの腐熟度を判定することができる。し
かも、試料容器を覆い包む伝熱体が電気ヒーターの熱を
試料容器へ満遍なく伝熱するため、短時間に試料容器を
培養温度まで加熱できる上、試料容器内の温度分布のバ
ラツキによる測定精度の低下を防止することができる。
また、本体ケース及び蓋部に、加熱保温部、制御回路
部、酸素濃度センサー等を一体に具備した構造であるた
め、持ち運び及び取扱いが容易である。更に、第二の発
明によれば、堆肥サンプルの含有水分量及び培養温度を
好適な範囲内に維持することで、精度の高い腐熟度判定
を行うことができる。Since the present invention is constructed as described above, it has the following effects. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the compost sample that is put into the sample container can be maintained at a predetermined culture temperature, and the change in oxygen concentration before and after the elapse of a predetermined time can be detected. The maturity level of can be determined. Moreover, since the heat transfer body that covers the sample container uniformly transfers the heat of the electric heater to the sample container, the sample container can be heated to the culture temperature in a short time, and the measurement accuracy due to the variation in the temperature distribution in the sample container is improved. The decrease can be prevented.
Further, since the main body case and the lid part are integrally provided with the heating and heat retaining part, the control circuit part, the oxygen concentration sensor and the like, they are easy to carry and handle. Furthermore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, by maintaining the water content and the culturing temperature of the compost sample within a suitable range, it is possible to perform the maturity determination with high accuracy.
【図1】 本発明に係わる堆肥腐熟度判定装置の一例を
示す斜視図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a compost maturity degree determination device according to the present invention.
【図2】 同堆肥腐熟度判定装置の縦断面図。FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the compost maturity degree determination device.
【図3】 堆肥の酸素消費量と腐熟度の関係を示すグラ
フ。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen consumption of compost and the degree of ripening.
【図4】 堆肥の含有水分量と酸素消費量の関係を示す
グラフ。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the water content of compost and the oxygen consumption.
10:加熱保温部 11:試料容器 12:伝熱体 13:電気ヒーター 14:保温材 20:制御回路部 21:表示手段 30:本体ケース 40:蓋部 50:酸素濃度センサー A:堆肥腐熟度判定装置 10: Heat insulation section 11: Sample container 12: Heat transfer body 13: Electric heater 14: Heat insulating material 20: Control circuit section 21: Display means 30: Body case 40: Lid 50: Oxygen concentration sensor A: Compost maturity determination device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 伊藤 稔 福島県西白河郡西郷村大字小田倉字小田倉 原1 畜産環境技術研究所内 (72)発明者 古川 智子 福島県西白河郡西郷村大字小田倉字小田倉 原1 畜産環境技術研究所内 (72)発明者 柴山 信幸 東京都文京区本郷6丁目11番6号 富士平 工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 市村 保 東京都文京区本郷6丁目11番6号 富士平 工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 中野 貞雄 東京都文京区本郷6丁目11番6号 富士平 工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 後藤 充弘 東京都文京区本郷6丁目11番6号 富士平 工業株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 2G004 BJ01 BK03 BK04 BL08 BL19 BM04 BM06 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Minoru Ito Fukushima Prefecture Nishishirakawa-gun Saigo Village Odakura Odakura Odakura Hara 1 Inside the Livestock Environmental Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Tomoko Furukawa Fukushima Prefecture Nishishirakawa-gun Saigo Village Odakura Odakura Odakura Hara 1 Inside the Livestock Environmental Technology Research Institute (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Shibayama Fujidaira 6-11-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tamotsu Ichimura Fujidaira 6-11-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Sadao Nakano Fujidaira 6-11-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsuhiro Goto Fujidaira 6-11-6 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Industry Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 2G004 BJ01 BK03 BK04 BL08 BL19 BM04 BM06
Claims (2)
加熱し所定の培養温度に維持する加熱保温部と、前記試
料容器内の温度を制御する制御回路部とを本体ケース内
に備えるとともに、前記試料容器内に臨む酸素濃度セン
サーを備え、前記試料容器内の酸素濃度の変化を検知す
るようにした堆肥腐熟度判定装置であって、 前記加熱保温部は、前記試料容器の外周を伝熱体によっ
て覆い包むとともに、該伝熱体の外周面に電気ヒーター
を接触させ、更に、前記伝熱体及び電気ヒーターを保温
材によって覆い包んでなり、 前記制御回路部は、前記試料容器内を所定の培養温度に
保つように前記電気ヒーターへの供給電力を調整する温
度調整手段と、所定の保温時間経過後に前記酸素濃度セ
ンサーによる第一回目の酸素濃度測定を開始する第一酸
素濃度測定手段と、第一回目の酸素濃度測定が完了し所
定時間経過後に前記酸素濃度センサーによる第二回目の
酸素濃度測定を開始する第二酸素濃度測定手段とを具備
し、前記二回の酸素濃度測定値より演算処理された結果
を、本体ケース外に露出されている表示手段に表示する
ことを特徴とする堆肥腐熟度判定装置。1. A main body case is provided with a heating and heat-retaining unit for heating a compost sample to be charged into a sample container to maintain a predetermined culture temperature, and a control circuit unit for controlling the temperature in the sample container, It is a compost maturity degree determination device which comprises an oxygen concentration sensor facing the inside of the sample container and detects a change in the oxygen concentration in the sample container, wherein the heating and heat retaining unit transfers heat to the outer periphery of the sample container. While covering with a body, an electric heater is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the heat transfer body, and further, the heat transfer body and the electric heater are covered with a heat insulating material, and the control circuit unit has a predetermined inside of the sample container. Temperature adjusting means for adjusting the electric power supplied to the electric heater so as to maintain the culture temperature, and the first acid for starting the first oxygen concentration measurement by the oxygen concentration sensor after a lapse of a predetermined heat retention time. Concentration measuring means, comprising a second oxygen concentration measuring means for starting the second oxygen concentration measurement by the oxygen concentration sensor after the first time oxygen concentration measurement is completed and a predetermined time has elapsed, the two times of oxygen A compost maturity degree determination device, characterized in that the result of arithmetic processing based on the concentration measurement value is displayed on a display means exposed outside the main body case.
〜75%の範囲内に調整し、その堆肥サンプルを30〜
40度の範囲内の培養温度で所定の保温時間保持した
後、第一回目の酸素濃度測定を行い、その第一回目の酸
素濃度測定が完了し前記培養温度を保持した状態で所定
時間経過後に第二回目の酸素濃度測定行い、前記二回の
酸素濃度測定値の差より堆肥サンプルの腐熟度を判定す
るようにしたことを特徴とする堆肥腐熟度判定方法。2. The weight ratio of water content of the compost sample is 60.
Adjusted within the range of ~ 75% and put the compost sample at 30 ~
After holding for a predetermined incubation time at a culturing temperature within the range of 40 degrees, the first oxygen concentration measurement was performed, and after the first oxygen concentration measurement was completed and the culturing temperature was kept, after a predetermined time elapsed. A method for determining the degree of maturity of compost, comprising performing a second oxygen concentration measurement and determining the degree of maturity of the compost sample from the difference between the two oxygen concentration measurement values.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002002425A JP3697416B2 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2002-01-09 | Compost maturity judgment device and compost maturity judgment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002002425A JP3697416B2 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2002-01-09 | Compost maturity judgment device and compost maturity judgment method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2003207502A true JP2003207502A (en) | 2003-07-25 |
JP3697416B2 JP3697416B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
Family
ID=27642281
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002002425A Expired - Fee Related JP3697416B2 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2002-01-09 | Compost maturity judgment device and compost maturity judgment method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3697416B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009250682A (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-29 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Gas sensor |
US7842510B2 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2010-11-30 | Ryokusan Corporation Limited | Method for measuring maturity degree of compost and measuring solution |
KR20210155490A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | Compost maturity measuring device |
KR20210155491A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | Compost maturity measuring device using sensor |
CN116908171A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-20 | 中农创达(北京)环保科技有限公司 | Color reagent for detecting compost maturity as well as preparation method and application thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106680432A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-17 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Monitoring device for monitoring concentration of oxygen in compost and monitoring method thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-01-09 JP JP2002002425A patent/JP3697416B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7842510B2 (en) | 2006-08-24 | 2010-11-30 | Ryokusan Corporation Limited | Method for measuring maturity degree of compost and measuring solution |
JP2009250682A (en) * | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-29 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Gas sensor |
KR20210155490A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | Compost maturity measuring device |
KR20210155491A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | 대한민국(농촌진흥청장) | Compost maturity measuring device using sensor |
KR102387415B1 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2022-04-15 | 대한민국 | Compost maturity measuring device using sensor |
KR102409579B1 (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2022-06-16 | 대한민국 | Compost maturity measuring device |
CN116908171A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-10-20 | 中农创达(北京)环保科技有限公司 | Color reagent for detecting compost maturity as well as preparation method and application thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3697416B2 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5771557B2 (en) | Ambient temperature measurement method, liquid sample measurement method and measuring instrument | |
EP3593636B1 (en) | Medical sample transportation container | |
CN111836683B (en) | Laboratory tempering device and method | |
US20200148993A1 (en) | Incubator, system and method for monitored cell growth | |
US3765237A (en) | Calorimetry | |
JP2003207502A (en) | Compost maturity determining device and method | |
US20220299497A1 (en) | System including a box and an instrumented container for detecting the presence of micro-organisms in a liquid sample | |
US20050194296A1 (en) | pH measurement system for buoyant water chlorinator | |
EP0238558A1 (en) | Specimen cooling and warming apparatus and method | |
CA2415821A1 (en) | Portable incubator | |
US6975967B2 (en) | CO2/O2 incubator predictive failure for CO2 and O2 sensors | |
CN103713027B (en) | Vertical type columnar microorganism reactor | |
Wadsö | Calorimetric techniques | |
JP2012228183A (en) | Biological activity measuring device and method for estimating minimum growth inhibiting concentration | |
CN111788295B (en) | Liquid level measuring equipment for laboratory cabinet equipment | |
RU90212U1 (en) | SYSTEM FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF GAS EMISSIONS FROM SOIL SAMPLES, COMPOSTS AND OTHER SOLID SUBSTRATES | |
JPH0365176A (en) | Control of atmosphere inside culture chamber of incubator | |
JPH0376570A (en) | Apparatus for measuring activity of multiple sample microorganism | |
JP4988991B2 (en) | Small test equipment | |
JP4617008B2 (en) | Small test equipment | |
CN215375438U (en) | Simple potato virus enzyme-linked immunoassay operation panel | |
JP5848020B2 (en) | Bioactivity measuring device | |
CN205599196U (en) | Portable automatic thermostat | |
JP5177564B2 (en) | Smell analyzer | |
CN206818506U (en) | One kind activation blood coagulation processing unit |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20050607 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20050704 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110708 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20140708 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |