JP2003132931A - Liquid fuel directly supplied fuel cell - Google Patents
Liquid fuel directly supplied fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003132931A JP2003132931A JP2001332413A JP2001332413A JP2003132931A JP 2003132931 A JP2003132931 A JP 2003132931A JP 2001332413 A JP2001332413 A JP 2001332413A JP 2001332413 A JP2001332413 A JP 2001332413A JP 2003132931 A JP2003132931 A JP 2003132931A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid fuel
- reaction product
- power generation
- generation unit
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は液体燃料直接供給形
燃料電池に関するもので、さらに詳しく言えば、携帯電
話等の携帯形小型電子機器用に燃料電池を使用するため
の、液体燃料室と反応生成物貯蔵室とを有する容器の構
造に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell, and more particularly, to a liquid fuel chamber and a reaction for using the fuel cell for a portable small electronic device such as a mobile phone. The present invention relates to the structure of a container having a product storage chamber.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術と解決しようとする課題】従来、携帯電
話、携帯形のコンピューター等の電源にはニッケル−カ
ドミウム電池、ニッケル−水素電池、リチウムイオン電
池等の二次電池が用いられてきたが、これらの機器は常
に電源を入れた状態で使用することが多く、上記した二
次電池では、エネルギー密度が十分に高いとは言えず、
その連続使用時間の点で問題があった。Conventionally, a secondary battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery or a lithium ion battery has been used as a power source for a mobile phone, a portable computer and the like. These devices are often used with the power always on, and it cannot be said that the secondary battery has a sufficiently high energy density.
There was a problem in terms of continuous use time.
【０００３】これに対して、燃料電池をこのような機器
の電源に用いる試みが開始されており、水を含むメタノ
ールなどの液体燃料を直接供給することによって発電を
行うことができる直接メタノール形燃料電池のような液
体燃料直接供給形燃料電池が、燃料となる水素の供給方
法や電解質膜の水分制御等が複雑な、水素を燃料とした
固体高分子形燃料電池に代わって有望視されている。On the other hand, attempts have been made to use a fuel cell as a power source for such equipment, and a direct methanol fuel capable of generating power by directly supplying a liquid fuel such as methanol containing water. Liquid fuel direct-supply type fuel cells such as batteries are regarded as promising alternatives to hydrogen-fueled solid polymer fuel cells, which have complicated supply method of hydrogen as fuel and water content control of electrolyte membrane. .
【０００４】すなわち、水を含むメタノールなどの液体
燃料を直接供給することによって発電を行うことができ
るため、固体高分子形燃料電池で必要であったような電
解質膜の水分管理等が不要で、構造もシンプルにできる
という特徴を有しているからであった。That is, since it is possible to generate electricity by directly supplying a liquid fuel such as methanol containing water, it is not necessary to manage the water content of the electrolyte membrane, which is required in the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. This is because it has a feature that the structure can be simplified.
【０００５】ところが、このような液体燃料直接供給形
燃料電池は、プロトン導電性の高分子電解質よりなる電
解質を介して負極と正極とを配し、前記負極に液体燃料
が供給され、前記正極に酸化剤ガスが供給されるように
構成された単電池セルまたはこの単電池セルが複数個積
層されたセルスタックからなる発電ユニットに、液体燃
料を供給する液体燃料供給口と、前記発電ユニットの電
気化学反応によって生成した反応生成物を排出する反応
生成物排出口とが設けられており、この反応生成物排出
口からは、水が気体または液体状で排出されるため、上
記した携帯形小型電子機器用の電源に使用する場合に
は、気体または液体状で排出される水が機器に接触し、
それによって腐食、漏電、作動不良が生じないようにす
ることが重要であり、特に、直接メタノール形燃料電池
の場合には、上記反応生成物中に、発電に寄与しなかっ
たメタノールが混入してくるため、このようなメタノー
ルが混入した廃液をどのように処理するかも実用化の上
で重要であった。However, in such a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell, a negative electrode and a positive electrode are arranged via an electrolyte made of a proton conductive polymer electrolyte, and the liquid fuel is supplied to the negative electrode to supply the positive electrode to the positive electrode. A liquid fuel supply port for supplying liquid fuel to a power generation unit composed of a single battery cell configured to supply an oxidant gas or a cell stack in which a plurality of the single battery cells are stacked, and an electric power of the power generation unit. A reaction product discharge port for discharging the reaction product generated by the chemical reaction is provided, and water is discharged from the reaction product discharge port in the form of gas or liquid. When used as a power source for equipment, water discharged in the form of gas or liquid contacts the equipment,
Therefore, it is important to prevent corrosion, electric leakage, and malfunctions.In particular, in the case of direct methanol fuel cells, methanol that did not contribute to power generation is mixed in the reaction product. Therefore, how to treat the waste liquid mixed with methanol was also important for practical use.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するためになされたもので、直接メタノール形燃料電池
のような液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池における反応生成
物の処理、特に直接メタノール形燃料電池ではメタノー
ルが混入した廃液の処理を的確に行うことを目的として
いる。すなわち、請求項１記載の発明は、プロトン導電
性の高分子電解質よりなる電解質を介して負極と正極と
を配し、前記負極に液体燃料が供給され、前記正極に酸
化剤ガスが供給されるように構成された単電池セルまた
はこの単電池セルが複数個積層されたセルスタックから
なる発電ユニットに、少なくとも、液体燃料を供給する
液体燃料供給口と、前記発電ユニットの電気化学反応に
よって生成した反応生成物を排出する反応生成物排出口
とが設けられ、かつ前記液体燃料供給口に接続される、
液体燃料を充填するための液体燃料室と、前記反応生成
物排出口に接続される、反応生成物を貯蔵するための反
応生成物貯蔵室とを有する容器を備え、前記発電ユニッ
トまたは容器の少なくとも一方に、液体燃料室を前記発
電ユニットの液体燃料供給口に接続し、反応生成物貯蔵
室を前記発電ユニットの反応生成物排出口に接続する機
構を設けたことを特徴としている。これにより、容器に
充填した液体燃料を確実に発電ユニットに供給すること
ができるとともに、反応生成物を確実に回収することが
できるので、これらが機器に接触し、それによって腐
食、漏電、作動不良が生じないようにすることが防止で
きる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and treats reaction products in a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell such as a direct methanol type fuel cell, and more particularly to a direct methanol type fuel cell. The purpose of fuel cells is to accurately treat waste liquid mixed with methanol. That is, in the invention according to claim 1, the negative electrode and the positive electrode are arranged through an electrolyte made of a proton conductive polymer electrolyte, the liquid fuel is supplied to the negative electrode, and the oxidant gas is supplied to the positive electrode. Generated by an electrochemical reaction of at least a liquid fuel supply port for supplying liquid fuel to a power generation unit including a single battery cell configured as described above or a cell stack in which a plurality of the single battery cells are stacked. A reaction product discharge port for discharging the reaction product is provided, and is connected to the liquid fuel supply port,
At least one of the power generation unit or the container is provided with a container having a liquid fuel chamber for filling a liquid fuel and a reaction product storage chamber for storing the reaction product, which is connected to the reaction product discharge port. On the other hand, it is characterized in that a mechanism for connecting the liquid fuel chamber to the liquid fuel supply port of the power generation unit and connecting the reaction product storage chamber to the reaction product discharge port of the power generation unit is provided. As a result, the liquid fuel filled in the container can be reliably supplied to the power generation unit, and the reaction products can be reliably recovered, so that they come into contact with the equipment, thereby causing corrosion, electric leakage, and malfunction. Can be prevented.
【０００７】また、請求項２記載の発明は、前記請求項
１記載の液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池において、容器の
液体燃料室または反応生成物貯蔵室の少なくとも一方
は、内部に吸水性物質が充填されていることを特徴と
し、請求項３記載の発明は、前記吸水性物質は、アニオ
ン系吸水ポリマー、ノニオン系吸水ポリマーであること
を特徴としている。これにより、前述した反応生成物を
固形化して回収することが可能である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to the first aspect, at least one of the liquid fuel chamber and the reaction product storage chamber of the container has a water absorbing substance inside. The present invention is characterized in that the water absorbing substance is an anion water absorbing polymer or a nonion water absorbing polymer. As a result, the above-mentioned reaction product can be solidified and collected.
【０００８】また、請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１〜
３のいずれか一項記載の液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池に
おいて、容器の反応生成物貯蔵室と発電ユニットの反応
生成物排出口とを接続する機構または容器の液体燃料室
と発電ユニットの液体燃料供給口とを接続する機構の少
なくとも一方は、内部に多孔質材料を充填した接続配管
であることを特徴とし、請求項５記載の発明は、前記多
孔質材料は、シリカ、アルミナ、マグネシア、ジルコニ
ア等の無機繊維または粉末、炭素繊維または粉末、ガラ
ス繊維または粉末、プラスチック繊維または粉末からな
ることを特徴としている。これにより、前述した反応生
成物を多孔質材料の毛細管力によって発電ユニットから
容器に移動させることができる。Further, the invention according to claim 4 is based on claim 1
In the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to any one of 3 above, a mechanism for connecting the reaction product storage chamber of the container and the reaction product discharge port of the power generation unit or the liquid fuel chamber of the container and the liquid fuel of the power generation unit At least one of the mechanisms for connecting to the supply port is a connecting pipe having a porous material filled therein, and the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the porous material is silica, alumina, magnesia, or zirconia. And the like, carbon fibers or powders, glass fibers or powders, plastic fibers or powders. As a result, the reaction product described above can be moved from the power generation unit to the container by the capillary force of the porous material.
【０００９】また、請求項６記載の発明は、請求項１〜
５のいずれか一項記載の液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池に
おいて、容器の反応生成物貯蔵室は、内部に、未反応の
液体燃料または発電ユニットの電気化学反応によって生
成する一部の反応生成物を吸着する吸着材またはこれら
を分解する触媒の少なくとも一方が添加されていること
を特徴とし、請求項７記載の発明は、前記吸着材は、活
性炭またはゼオライトから選択された一つ、またはこれ
らの組み合わせたものからなり、前記触媒は、貴金属触
媒、無機触媒または微生物触媒から選択された一つ、ま
たはこれらの組み合わせたものからなることを特徴とし
ている。これにより、前述した未反応の液体燃料や一部
の反応生成物を吸着材に吸着させたり、触媒と反応させ
て無害化することができる。Further, the invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 1
In the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to any one of 5, the reaction product storage chamber of the container has an unreacted liquid fuel or a part of reaction products generated by an electrochemical reaction of the power generation unit. At least one of an adsorbent that adsorbs or a catalyst that decomposes these is added, and the invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the adsorbent is one selected from activated carbon or zeolite, or one of these. It is characterized in that it is composed of a combination thereof, and the catalyst is composed of one selected from a noble metal catalyst, an inorganic catalyst or a microbial catalyst, or a combination thereof. As a result, the unreacted liquid fuel and a part of the reaction products can be adsorbed on the adsorbent or reacted with the catalyst to be rendered harmless.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を、その実施の形態
に基づいて説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below based on its embodiments.
【００１１】本発明の実施の形態に係る液体燃料直接供
給形燃料電池は、図１に示したように、発電ユニット１
０に、液体燃料を供給する液体燃料供給口１と、発電ユ
ニット１０の電気化学反応によって生成した反応生成物
を排出する反応生成物排出口２とが設けられ、前記液体
燃料供給口１に接続される、液体燃料を充填するための
液体燃料室２１と、前記反応生成物排出口２に接続され
る、反応生成物を貯蔵するための反応生成物貯蔵室２２
とを有する、ポリプロピレン等の樹脂製の容器２０を備
え、液体燃料室２１を液体燃料供給口１に接続し、反応
生成物貯蔵室２２を反応生成物排出口２に接続する機構
を設けたことを特徴とする。The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
0, a liquid fuel supply port 1 for supplying a liquid fuel and a reaction product discharge port 2 for discharging a reaction product generated by an electrochemical reaction of the power generation unit 10 are provided and connected to the liquid fuel supply port 1. A liquid fuel chamber 21 for filling the liquid fuel and a reaction product storage chamber 22 for storing the reaction product, which is connected to the reaction product outlet 2.
And a mechanism for connecting the liquid fuel chamber 21 to the liquid fuel supply port 1 and the reaction product storage chamber 22 to the reaction product discharge port 2 are provided. Is characterized by.
【００１２】前記発電ユニット１０は、プロトン導電性
の高分子電解質よりなる電解質を介して負極と正極とを
配し、前記負極に液体燃料が供給され、前記正極に酸化
剤ガスが供給されるように構成された単電池セルまたは
この単電池セルが複数個積層されたセルスタックからな
り、単電池セルの場合は、図２に示したように、電解質
１１の両面に負極１２と正極１３とが設けられ、電解質
１１に接触しない負極１２の外側面に設けられた負極側
セパレータ１４と、電解質１１に接触しない正極１３の
外側面に設けられた正極側セパレータ１５とによって挟
持され、これらのセパレータ１４，１５の外側面には負
極端子板１６と正極端子板１７が配され、これがエンド
プレート１８と締め付け用ボルト１９とで締め付けられ
た構造になっており、エンドプレート１８には液体燃料
を供給する液体燃料供給口１と反応生成物を排出する反
応生成物排出口２とが設けられ、さらに図示していない
が、酸化剤ガスを供給する酸化剤ガス供給口が設けられ
ている。The power generation unit 10 has a negative electrode and a positive electrode arranged through an electrolyte made of a proton conductive polymer electrolyte, and liquid fuel is supplied to the negative electrode and oxidant gas is supplied to the positive electrode. 2 or a cell stack in which a plurality of the single battery cells are stacked. In the case of the single battery cell, the negative electrode 12 and the positive electrode 13 are provided on both surfaces of the electrolyte 11 as shown in FIG. The separator 14 is provided and sandwiched by a negative electrode side separator 14 provided on the outer surface of the negative electrode 12 that does not contact the electrolyte 11 and a positive electrode side separator 15 provided on the outer surface of the positive electrode 13 that does not contact the electrolyte 11. A negative electrode terminal plate 16 and a positive electrode terminal plate 17 are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the terminals 15 and 15, which are fastened by the end plates 18 and the fastening bolts 19. The end plate 18 is provided with a liquid fuel supply port 1 for supplying a liquid fuel and a reaction product discharge port 2 for discharging a reaction product. Although not shown, an oxidant gas for supplying an oxidant gas is also provided. A supply port is provided.
【００１３】前記発電ユニット１０の液体燃料供給口１
と容器２０の液体燃料室２１との接続および前記発電ユ
ニット１０の反応生成物排出口２と容器２０の反応生成
物貯蔵室２２との接続は、発電ユニット１０または容器
２０の少なくとも一方に、これらを互いに接続する機
構、たとえばコネクターやジョイントが設けられ、着脱
自在に構成されている。これにより、液体燃料直接供給
形燃料電池を作動させる際には、この容器２０を発電ユ
ニット１０に取り付けると、容器２０の液体燃料室２１
から発電ユニット１０に液体燃料が供給され、発電ユニ
ット１０の電気化学反応によって生成した反応生成物は
発電ユニット１０の反応生成物排出口２から容器２０の
反応生成物貯蔵室２２に回収される。そして、液体燃料
を使い尽くした後は、容器２０を発電ユニット１０から
取り外し、使用済の容器２０だけを回収して別途処理し
たり、リサイクルすることができ、必要であれば、別
の、液体燃料が充填された容器２０を取り付けて発電を
継続することもできる。また、液体燃料を消費すると、
容器２０内が減圧となって液体燃料の供給ができなくな
るのを防止するため、液体燃料供給口１と液体燃料室２
１との接続部に圧力調整弁を設けてもよい。Liquid fuel supply port 1 of the power generation unit 10
And the liquid fuel chamber 21 of the container 20 and the reaction product discharge port 2 of the power generation unit 10 and the reaction product storage chamber 22 of the container 20 are connected to at least one of the power generation unit 10 and the container 20. A mechanism for connecting the components to each other, for example, a connector or a joint is provided, and is configured to be detachable. Accordingly, when the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell is operated, when the container 20 is attached to the power generation unit 10, the liquid fuel chamber 21 of the container 20 is installed.
The liquid fuel is supplied to the power generation unit 10 from the above, and the reaction product generated by the electrochemical reaction of the power generation unit 10 is recovered from the reaction product discharge port 2 of the power generation unit 10 to the reaction product storage chamber 22 of the container 20. Then, after the liquid fuel is used up, the container 20 is removed from the power generation unit 10, and only the used container 20 can be collected and separately processed or recycled. If necessary, another liquid can be used. It is also possible to attach a container 20 filled with fuel to continue power generation. Also, when consuming liquid fuel,
In order to prevent the pressure inside the container 20 from being reduced and the liquid fuel cannot be supplied, the liquid fuel supply port 1 and the liquid fuel chamber 2 are prevented.
A pressure regulating valve may be provided at the connecting portion with 1.
【００１４】また、前記容器２０の反応生成物貯蔵室２
２内には、アニオン系吸水ポリマーまたはノニオン系吸
水ポリマーなどの吸水性物質を充填しておいてもよい。
これにより、発電ユニット１０の電気化学反応によって
生成した反応生成物を固形化して回収することが可能と
なる。The reaction product storage chamber 2 of the container 20 is also provided.
The inside of 2 may be filled with a water absorbing substance such as an anionic water absorbing polymer or a nonionic water absorbing polymer.
As a result, the reaction product generated by the electrochemical reaction of the power generation unit 10 can be solidified and collected.
【００１５】また、液体燃料供給口１と液体燃料室２１
との接続および反応生成物排出口２と反応生成物貯蔵室
２２とをコネクターやジョイントで接続しているが、発
電ユニット１０から容器２０に至る配管内に、シリカ、
アルミナ、マグネシア、ジルコニア等の無機繊維または
粉末、炭素繊維または粉末、ガラス繊維または粉末、プ
ラスチック繊維または粉末からなる多孔質材料を充填し
ておいてもよい。これにより、別に動力源を用いること
なく、容器２０の液体燃料室２１から、液体燃料を、多
孔質材料の毛細管力によって発電ユニット１０に供給す
ることができ、発電ユニット１０の電気化学反応によっ
て生成した反応生成物を、多孔質材料の毛細管力によっ
て容器２０の反応生成物貯蔵室２２内に回収することが
可能となる。Further, the liquid fuel supply port 1 and the liquid fuel chamber 21
, And the reaction product discharge port 2 and the reaction product storage chamber 22 are connected by a connector or a joint, but in the pipe from the power generation unit 10 to the container 20, silica,
A porous material made of inorganic fiber or powder such as alumina, magnesia, zirconia, carbon fiber or powder, glass fiber or powder, plastic fiber or powder may be filled in advance. Accordingly, the liquid fuel can be supplied from the liquid fuel chamber 21 of the container 20 to the power generation unit 10 by the capillary force of the porous material without using a separate power source, and is generated by the electrochemical reaction of the power generation unit 10. The reaction product thus formed can be collected in the reaction product storage chamber 22 of the container 20 by the capillary force of the porous material.
【００１６】また、前記液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池
が、直接メタノール形燃料電池であれば、燃料のメタノ
ールの一部が未反応のまま反応生成物排出口２から排出
されたり、電気化学反応の副生成物としてホルムアルデ
ヒドや蟻酸といった有害物質が反応生成物排出口２から
排出される可能性があり、これらが反応生成物に混入し
て容器２０内に回収されると、容器２０の処理やリサイ
クル上の問題が生じるため、これらの有害物質を吸着す
るための活性炭やゼオライトなどの吸着材やこれらの有
害物質を分解させるための銀などの貴金属触媒、無機触
媒または微生物によってこれらの物質を無害化するため
の微生物触媒を、単独または適宜組み合わせて容器２０
内に添加しておいてもよい。これにより、容器２０の処
理やリサイクル上の問題を解消することができる。If the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell is a direct methanol type fuel cell, a part of the methanol of the fuel is discharged unreacted from the reaction product discharge port 2 or the electrochemical reaction is performed. As a by-product, harmful substances such as formaldehyde and formic acid may be discharged from the reaction product discharge port 2, and if these are mixed with the reaction product and collected in the container 20, the container 20 is treated or recycled. Since the above problems occur, detoxify these substances with adsorbents such as activated carbon or zeolite for adsorbing these harmful substances, precious metal catalysts such as silver for decomposing these harmful substances, inorganic catalysts or microorganisms. The microbial catalyst for carrying out the treatment is used alone or in an appropriate combination.
It may be added inside. As a result, problems in processing and recycling the container 20 can be solved.
【００１７】なお、容器２０の処理やリサイクルに代え
て、容器２０から吸水性物質、多孔質材料、吸着剤を取
り出し、これらを処理したり、リサイクルすることもで
きる。Instead of treating and recycling the container 20, it is also possible to take out the water-absorbing substance, the porous material and the adsorbent from the container 20 and treat or recycle them.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】上記した如く、本発明は、液体燃料直接
供給形燃料電池を携帯形小型電子機器用にしようするに
際し、液体燃料の供給と反応生成物の回収を、安全かつ
簡易に行うことができるので、このような用途に液体燃
料直接供給形燃料電池を普及させるのに寄与するところ
が大である。As described above, according to the present invention, when a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell is used in a portable small electronic device, the liquid fuel is supplied and the reaction products are collected safely and easily. Therefore, it greatly contributes to popularization of the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell for such applications.
【００１９】また、反応生成物を回収した容器の処理も
安全かつ無害に行うことができるので、容器をリサイク
ルするといった点においても、前述した用途に液体燃料
直接供給形燃料電池を普及させるのに寄与するところが
大である。Further, since the container in which the reaction product is collected can be treated safely and harmlessly, the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell can be widely used for the above-mentioned uses in terms of recycling the container. It has a great contribution.
【００２０】上記した実施の形態は、一つの発電ユニッ
トに一つの容器を接続する構成のものについて説明した
が、複数の発電ユニットを互いに接続して一つの容器に
接続したり、複数の容器を互いに接続して一つの発電ユ
ニットに接続したものにすることもでき、発電ユニット
に複数の液体燃料供給口や反応生成物排出口を設けたも
のであってもよい。In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which one container is connected to one power generation unit has been described, but a plurality of power generation units are connected to each other to connect to one container, or a plurality of containers are connected. They may be connected to each other and connected to one power generation unit, or the power generation unit may be provided with a plurality of liquid fuel supply ports and reaction product discharge ports.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態に係る液体燃料直接供給形
燃料電池の模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施の形態に係る液体燃料直接供給形
燃料電池の発電ユニットの斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a power generation unit of a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
１ 液体燃料供給口 ２ 反応生成物排出口 １０ 発電ユニット ２０ 容器 ２１ 液体燃料室 ２２ 反応生成物貯蔵室 1 Liquid fuel supply port 2 Reaction product outlet 10 power generation unit 20 containers 21 Liquid Fuel Chamber 22 Reaction product storage room
Claims (7)
電解質を介して負極と正極とを配し、前記負極に液体燃
料が供給され、前記正極に酸化剤ガスが供給されるよう
に構成された単電池セルまたはこの単電池セルが複数個
積層されたセルスタックからなる発電ユニットに、少な
くとも、液体燃料を供給する液体燃料供給口と、前記発
電ユニットの電気化学反応によって生成した反応生成物
を排出する反応生成物排出口とが設けられ、かつ前記液
体燃料供給口に接続される、液体燃料を充填するための
液体燃料室と、前記反応生成物排出口に接続される、反
応生成物を貯蔵するための反応生成物貯蔵室とを有する
容器を備え、前記発電ユニットまたは容器の少なくとも
一方に、液体燃料室を前記発電ユニットの液体燃料供給
口に接続し、反応生成物貯蔵室を前記発電ユニットの反
応生成物排出口に接続する機構を設けたことを特徴とす
る液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池。1. A negative electrode and a positive electrode are arranged via an electrolyte made of a proton conductive polymer electrolyte, and a liquid fuel is supplied to the negative electrode and an oxidant gas is supplied to the positive electrode. At least a liquid fuel supply port for supplying a liquid fuel to a power generation unit composed of a single battery cell or a cell stack in which a plurality of the single battery cells are stacked, and a reaction product generated by an electrochemical reaction of the power generation unit are discharged. A liquid fuel chamber for filling the liquid fuel, which is connected to the liquid fuel supply port, and is connected to the liquid fuel supply port, and stores the reaction product connected to the reaction product discharge port. And a liquid fuel chamber connected to a liquid fuel supply port of the power generation unit in at least one of the power generation unit and the container. A liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell comprising a mechanism for connecting a product storage chamber to a reaction product discharge port of the power generation unit.
電池において、容器の液体燃料室または反応生成物貯蔵
室の少なくとも一方は、内部に吸水性物質が充填されて
いることを特徴とする液体燃料直接供給形燃料電池。2. The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the liquid fuel chamber and the reaction product storage chamber of the container is filled with a water absorbing substance. Liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell.
電池において、吸水性物質は、アニオン系吸水ポリマ
ー、ノニオン系吸水ポリマーであることを特徴とする液
体燃料直接供給形燃料電池。3. The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the water absorbing substance is an anion water absorbing polymer or a nonion water absorbing polymer.
燃料直接供給形燃料電池において、容器の反応生成物貯
蔵室と発電ユニットの反応生成物排出口とを接続する機
構または容器の液体燃料室と発電ユニットの液体燃料供
給口とを接続する機構の少なくとも一方は、内部に多孔
質材料を充填した接続配管であることを特徴とする液体
燃料直接供給形燃料電池。4. The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a reaction product storage chamber of the container and a reaction product discharge port of the power generation unit are connected to each other. At least one of the mechanisms for connecting the liquid fuel chamber and the liquid fuel supply port of the power generation unit is a connection pipe in which a porous material is filled, and the liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell is characterized.
電池において、多孔質材料は、シリカ、アルミナ、マグ
ネシア、ジルコニア等の無機繊維または粉末、炭素繊維
または粉末、ガラス繊維または粉末、プラスチック繊維
または粉末からなることを特徴とする液体燃料直接供給
形燃料電池。5. The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the porous material is inorganic fiber or powder of silica, alumina, magnesia, zirconia, carbon fiber or powder, glass fiber or powder, plastic fiber. Alternatively, a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell comprising a powder.
燃料直接供給形燃料電池において、容器の反応生成物貯
蔵室は、内部に、未反応の液体燃料または発電ユニット
の電気化学反応によって生成する一部の反応生成物を吸
着する吸着材またはこれらを分解する触媒の少なくとも
一方が添加されていることを特徴とする液体燃料直接供
給形燃料電池。6. The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the reaction product storage chamber of the container has an unreacted liquid fuel or an electrochemical reaction of a power generation unit therein. At least one of an adsorbent for adsorbing a part of the reaction products produced by or a catalyst for decomposing the adsorbent is added to the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell.
電池において、吸着材は、活性炭またはゼオライトから
選択された一つ、またはこれらの組み合わせたものから
なり、触媒は、貴金属触媒、無機触媒または微生物触媒
から選択された一つ、またはこれらの組み合わせたもの
からなることを特徴とする液体燃料直接供給形燃料電
池。7. The liquid fuel direct-supply type fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the adsorbent is one selected from activated carbon or zeolite or a combination thereof, and the catalyst is a noble metal catalyst or an inorganic catalyst. Alternatively, a liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell comprising one selected from a microbial catalyst or a combination thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001332413A JP3925695B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001332413A JP3925695B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003132931A true JP2003132931A (en) | 2003-05-09 |
| JP3925695B2 JP3925695B2 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
Family
ID=19147832
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001332413A Expired - Fee Related JP3925695B2 (en) | 2001-10-30 | 2001-10-30 | Liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3925695B2 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005216847A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-11 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | Fuel cell system and fuel supply device |
| JP2005302449A (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-27 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Fuel cell system and image formation device |
| JP2005302519A (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2005-10-27 | Seiko Epson Corp | Fuel cell system and equipment |
| JP2006286419A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Removal method of toxic substance generated from fuel cell |
| JP2006528417A (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2006-12-14 | ザ ジレット カンパニー | Fuel cell system |
| US7615303B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2009-11-10 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Direct methanol fuel cell and portable computer having the same |
| JP2010108938A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-13 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Fuel container |
| JP2010114083A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-20 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Fuel container |
| JP4867345B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2012-02-01 | 日本電気株式会社 | Fuel cartridge for fuel cell and fuel cell having the same |
-
2001
- 2001-10-30 JP JP2001332413A patent/JP3925695B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006528417A (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2006-12-14 | ザ ジレット カンパニー | Fuel cell system |
| US7615303B2 (en) | 2003-10-22 | 2009-11-10 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Direct methanol fuel cell and portable computer having the same |
| JP4867345B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2012-02-01 | 日本電気株式会社 | Fuel cartridge for fuel cell and fuel cell having the same |
| JP2005216847A (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-11 | Samsung Sdi Co Ltd | Fuel cell system and fuel supply device |
| US8283080B2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2012-10-09 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system including fuel supply apparatus |
| JP2005302449A (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-27 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Fuel cell system and image formation device |
| JP2005302519A (en) * | 2004-04-12 | 2005-10-27 | Seiko Epson Corp | Fuel cell system and equipment |
| JP2006286419A (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Removal method of toxic substance generated from fuel cell |
| JP2010108938A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-13 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Fuel container |
| JP2010114083A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-20 | Casio Computer Co Ltd | Fuel container |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3925695B2 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
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