JP2003126851A - Apparatus for separating/removing oil-water - Google Patents
Apparatus for separating/removing oil-waterInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003126851A JP2003126851A JP2001323007A JP2001323007A JP2003126851A JP 2003126851 A JP2003126851 A JP 2003126851A JP 2001323007 A JP2001323007 A JP 2001323007A JP 2001323007 A JP2001323007 A JP 2001323007A JP 2003126851 A JP2003126851 A JP 2003126851A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- water
- floating
- separation
- removal device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、事故により海水や
湖沼等に広がったオイルを事故現場にて、分離、回収、
除去し、水質汚濁防止法の排水基準値を満たす基準まで
油水中の油分を浄化する油水分離除去装置に関するもの
である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention separates and collects oil that has spread to seawater, lakes and marshes due to an accident at the accident site.
The present invention relates to an oil / water separation / removal device that removes and purifies oil content in oil / water to a standard that satisfies the wastewater standard value of the Water Pollution Control Law.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来において、汚染された海水や湖沼の
オイル分の除去や、消防法に規定されている油水分離槽
における油水の清掃の殆どは、含油水をバキュームやフ
ロートサクションを利用して回収し、陸地に回収した含
油水を移送して処理したり、油の広がる海域をオイルフ
ェンスで囲み、吸着マットを使用して油分を吸着した
り、油水表面に中和剤を散布して油分を吸着したりする
方法を採用していた。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, most of the removal of polluted seawater and oil from lakes and marshes and the cleaning of oily water in oil-water separation tanks stipulated by the Fire Service Act use vacuum or float suction of oil-containing water. Oil-impregnated water collected and transferred to land for processing, sea areas where oil spreads are surrounded by an oil fence, and oil is adsorbed using an adsorption mat, and a neutralizer is sprayed on the oil-water surface to disperse oil. Adsorption method was adopted.
【0003】そのほか、油水中の油分を薬品を使用して
フロックとして処理する化学的な処理方法や、特開平6
−10334号公報記載の発明のように、多孔板やグラ
スウール等のフィルターを通過させて油分を除去する物
理的な処理方法により、含油水の処理を行う油水分離装
置も知られている。In addition, a chemical treatment method for treating oil in oil-water as flocs by using a chemical, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-242242
There is also known an oil-water separation device for treating oil-containing water by a physical treatment method of removing oil by passing through a filter such as a perforated plate or glass wool, as in the invention described in JP-10334.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、事故等により
オイルが広範な海域に広がっている場合に、含油水を回
収して陸地に移送して処理する方法では膨大なコストが
かかる。また、オイルフェンスでオイルの広がる海域を
囲み、中和剤を散布して油分を除去する方法も、膨大な
時間と費用を必要とし、現実的な処理方法ではなかっ
た。However, when the oil is spread over a wide sea area due to an accident or the like, the method of recovering the oil-containing water and transferring it to the land for treatment requires a huge cost. Further, the method of enclosing the sea area where the oil spreads with an oil fence and spraying a neutralizing agent to remove the oil component also requires a huge amount of time and cost, and is not a realistic treatment method.
【0005】特に、薬品を使用してフロックとして処理
する化学的な処理方法では、薬品の使用量や使用方法等
の取扱いが難しく、フロックとした廃棄物中に薬品が海
底に堆積して、環境に影響を与えないとはいいきれな
い。また、水面に浮かんだ油分を中和剤を用いて乳化さ
せた場合であっても、乳化剤及び乳化した油分が光酸化
や魚介類等によって生分解されず、処理後に油処理剤が
残留して再度汚染源にならないとはいいきれず、環境へ
の影響が懸念される。In particular, in a chemical treatment method in which chemicals are treated as flocs, it is difficult to handle the amount and method of use of the chemicals. It cannot be said that it will not affect. Even when the oil floating on the water surface is emulsified with a neutralizing agent, the emulsifier and the emulsified oil are not biodegraded by photooxidation or seafood, and the oil treatment agent remains after the treatment. It cannot be said that it will not become a pollution source again, and there is concern about its impact on the environment.
【0006】また、従来の多孔板等のフィルターを用い
る物理的な処理方法では、油分を除去した後も、微細な
油膜が水面に残ってしまい、海水を完全に清澄化するこ
とは困難であった。Further, in the conventional physical treatment method using a filter such as a perforated plate, a fine oil film remains on the water surface even after the oil is removed, and it is difficult to completely clarify the seawater. It was
【0007】そこで、本発明は、叙述の諸事情を鑑みて
創案されたもので、漏油事故現場において、処理量を少
なくして処理コストを低減し、油水中の油分を完全に無
害固形物として除去し、微細な油膜をも残留することな
く、規定された排水基準値以下まで油水を処理して、処
理水を現場に戻すことの可能な油水分離除去装置を提供
することを目的とする。Therefore, the present invention was devised in view of the various circumstances described above, and in an oil leak accident site, the processing amount is reduced to reduce the processing cost, and the oil content in the oil water is completely harmless. It is an object of the present invention to provide an oil / water separation / removal device capable of treating oil water up to a prescribed drainage standard value or less and returning the treated water to the site without removing even a fine oil film. .
【0008】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記技術的課題を解決す
るために、請求項1に記載した発明の手段は、含油排水
中の油分を分離、回収、除去する油水分離除去装置にお
いて、ごみを除去して油分の多い表面附近の油水のみを
汲み上げるフロートポンプ、汲み上げた油水表面に浮上
する油分を底部まで到達させないように油水の流速を制
御する邪魔板及び浮上した油分を回収するオイルスキマ
ーを設けた第一の浮上油分離槽、油水を浮上油分離槽か
ら汲み上げるサイホン及び汲み上げた油水中の油分を底
部まで集中落下させないように流速を制御する水圧分散
ストレーナーを設けた第二,第三の浮上油分離槽、第三
の浮上油分離槽中に万一にも含まれている可能性のある
油分を活性炭からなる多孔質性の吸着材を用いて吸着す
る油吸着フィルター、油分を吸着処理した処理水を放出
する放出口を設けた浮上油分離回収装置と、前記浮上油
分離槽中の油水中に残留する油分をミセルの効果により
エマルジョン化する植物系の洗浄剤と、エマルジョン化
した油分をフロック化する食可能な海草等の植物から抽
出したエキスを主成分とした凝集剤及びカチオン系の食
品添加物をメインとした凝固剤とを投入して混合するタ
ンク、フロック化した油分を回収するバグフィルター、
フロック化した油分を除去した処理水を放出する放出口
を設けた水中油分除去装置とを、一つのハウジングに設
置し、船舶、車両、列車の移動物体に搭載可能としたこ
と、にある。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the means of the invention described in claim 1 is an oil-water separation / removal device for separating, recovering and removing oil in oil-containing wastewater. A float pump that removes oil and draws only the oil near the surface with a lot of oil, a baffle plate that controls the flow rate of the oil so that the oil that floats on the surface of the oil that has been pumped does not reach the bottom, and an oil skimmer that collects the oil that floats The first floating oil separation tank, the siphon that pumps oil water from the floating oil separation tank, and the second and third floating machines that are equipped with a hydraulic pressure dispersion strainer that controls the flow velocity so that the oil content in the pumped oil water does not concentrate and drop to the bottom. An oil adsorption filter that uses a porous adsorbent made of activated carbon to adsorb oil that may be contained in the oil separation tank or the third floating oil separation tank. A floating oil separation and recovery device provided with a discharge port for discharging treated water that has absorbed oil, and a plant-based cleaning agent that emulsifies the oil remaining in the oil in the floating oil separation tank by the effect of micelles, , A floc that mixes by adding a flocculant mainly composed of an extract extracted from plants such as edible seaweed that flocculates the emulsified oil and a coagulant mainly composed of a cationic food additive, floc Bag filter that collects the converted oil,
An underwater oil removing device provided with a discharge port for discharging treated water from which flocked oil has been removed is installed in one housing and can be mounted on a moving object of a ship, a vehicle or a train.
【0009】消防法に規定される油水分離槽などに貯留
した油水、漏油事故等により油分を含む海水等の油分の
多い表面附近の油水のみをフロートポンプで汲み上げ、
処理する油水量をできるだけ少なくして、処理コストを
低減する。また、油水中からあらかじめごみ等を除去し
て、ごみ等により油水の流通を妨げないようにしてい
る。A float pump pumps up only the oily water stored in the oily water separation tank stipulated by the Fire Service Law, the oily water near the surface with a lot of oil such as seawater containing oil due to an oil leak accident,
The amount of oil and water to be treated is reduced as much as possible to reduce the treatment cost. Further, dust and the like are removed from the oil water in advance so that the dust and the like do not hinder the flow of the oil water.
【0010】油水は、邪魔板によって、油水中の油分が
底部まで直接到達しないように流速が制御されて、第一
の浮上油分離槽に流入するとともに、水分と油分との比
重差により、油分の浮上が促進され、油分が油水表面に
浮上分離する。浮上した油分は、オイルスキマーで回収
し、油水中から除去する。The flow rate of the oil water is controlled by the baffle so that the oil content in the oil water does not reach the bottom directly, and the oil water flows into the first floating oil separation tank, and due to the difference in specific gravity between the water content and the oil content, the oil content is reduced. Is promoted, and the oil content floats and separates on the oil-water surface. The floating oil is collected by an oil skimmer and removed from the oil water.
【0011】次に、油分がオイルスキマーによって除去
された油水を、第一の浮上油分離槽からサイホンによっ
て汲み上げ、底部まで油水が集中落下しないように水圧
分散ストレーナーで流速を制御して、第二の浮上油分離
槽に流入し、微細な油分を油膜として浮上分離させやす
くする。そして、第二の浮上油分離槽から第三の浮上油
分離槽に油水を流通して同様の操作を繰り返す。Next, the oil water from which the oil content has been removed by the oil skimmer is pumped up from the first floating oil separation tank by a siphon, and the flow velocity is controlled by a water pressure dispersion strainer so that the oil water does not drop intensively to the bottom. It flows into the floating oil separation tank of and makes it easy to float and separate fine oil content as an oil film. Then, oil water is circulated from the second floating oil separation tank to the third floating oil separation tank, and the same operation is repeated.
【0012】このように、第一の浮上油分離槽から第二
の浮上油分離槽へ、第二の浮上油分離槽から第三の浮上
油分離槽へ、同様の操作を繰り返すのは、万が一にも最
終槽である第三の浮上油分離槽に油分が到達することが
ないようにするためであり、この操作を繰り返すことに
よって、油水中の極微細な油分も、水分との比重差によ
り、油膜として完全に油水の上部表面に浮上分離する。In this way, in the unlikely event that the same operation is repeated from the first floating oil separation tank to the second floating oil separation tank and from the second floating oil separation tank to the third floating oil separation tank. This is also to prevent the oil from reaching the third floating oil separation tank, which is the final tank.By repeating this operation, even the extremely fine oil in the oil water may differ due to the difference in specific gravity from the water content. , As an oil film, completely floats and separates on the upper surface of oil water.
【0013】油水中から浮上分離した油膜を、油水とと
もに、活性炭からなる多孔質性の吸着材を用いた油吸着
フィルターに流通し、除去の困難な数ミクロン単位の微
細な油膜をも油吸着フィルターにて吸着・除去し、規定
された排水基準値以下まで油水を清浄化するとともに、
油膜が残らない清澄な処理水を浮上油分離回収装置から
現場に放出する。The oil film floated and separated from the oil water is passed along with the oil water to an oil adsorption filter using a porous adsorbent made of activated carbon, and even a fine oil film of several micron unit which is difficult to remove is oil adsorption filter. Adsorbs and removes the oil and cleans oil and water to below the specified drainage standard value.
The clear treated water with no oil film left is discharged to the site from the floating oil separation / collection device.
【0014】浮上油分離回収装置で浮上分離されず、油
水中に残留する油分は、水中油分除去装置において、植
物系の洗浄剤で油水をリエマルジョン化して安定なミセ
ルとし、更に、食可能な海草等の植物から抽出したエキ
スを主成分とした凝集剤とカチオン系の食品添加物とを
メインとした凝固剤とを投入してフロック化したうえ、
油分を油水中から完全に除去し、規定された排水基準値
以下まで完全に清澄化した処理水を水中油分除去装置か
ら現場に放出する。The oil component which is not floated and separated by the floating oil separation and recovery device and remains in the oil water is re-emulsified with the plant-based detergent to form stable micelles in the oil-in-water removal device, and is further edible. After flocculating by adding a coagulant mainly composed of an extract extracted from plants such as seaweed and a cationic food additive,
The oil content is completely removed from the oil water, and the treated water that has been completely clarified to below the specified discharge standard value is discharged from the oil-in-water removal device to the site.
【0015】洗浄剤、凝集剤および凝固剤の全てが、環
境に影響を与えない天然物を用いていることから、フロ
ック化した油分を無害固形物として、安心して廃棄・除
去できる。Since all of the cleaning agent, coagulant and coagulant are natural products which do not affect the environment, the flocculated oil can be safely disposed and removed as harmless solids.
【0016】なお、浮上油分離回収装置と水中油分除去
装置を連結し循環する手段を設け、浮上油分離槽中の充
填水に、浮上分離されずに残留する油分を水中油分除去
装置で清浄化し、初期充填水として再利用している。A means for connecting and circulating the floating oil separating and collecting device and the in-water oil removing device is provided, and the oil remaining in the floating oil separating tank without being floated is cleaned by the in-water oil removing device. , Reused as initial filling water.
【0017】請求項2記載の発明は、油吸着フィルター
を、油水を分散する多孔性の水流分散板と、該水流分散
板の下流に位置する活性炭からなる多孔質性の吸着材
と、該吸着材の下流に位置する吸着材に吸収した油分を
流出させない吸着材流出防止フィルターとから構成した
こと、にある。According to a second aspect of the present invention, the oil adsorption filter comprises a porous water-flow dispersion plate for dispersing oil and water, a porous adsorbent made of activated carbon located downstream of the water-flow dispersion plate, and the adsorption. And an adsorbent outflow prevention filter that does not allow the oil absorbed by the adsorbent located downstream of the material to flow out.
【0018】数ミクロン単位の微細な油膜として浮上分
離した油分を、多孔性の水流分散板によって分散し、油
水を一箇所に集中して流通しないように防止して、活性
炭からなる吸着材に略均等に流通し、除去の困難な微細
な油膜をも吸着除去して、油膜の残留しない清浄な処理
水を現場に放出する。The oil that has been floated and separated as a fine oil film of a few microns is dispersed by a porous water flow distribution plate to prevent the oil water from being concentrated and distributed at one place, and the adsorbent made of activated carbon is almost It evenly distributes and adsorbs and removes fine oil film that is difficult to remove, and releases clean treated water without oil film remaining to the site.
【0019】請求項3記載の発明にあっては、請求項1
又は2記載の発明の構成に加え、第一、第二及び第三の
浮上油分離槽をL字型に載置した浮上油分離回収装置
と、該浮上油分離回収装置に水中油分除去装置を近設し
たこと、にある。According to the invention of claim 3, claim 1
Alternatively, in addition to the configuration of the invention described in 2, a floating oil separation / collection device in which the first, second and third floating oil separation tanks are mounted in an L shape, and an in-water oil removal device in the floating oil separation / collection device It is in that it was installed nearby.
【0020】第一、第二及び第三の浮上油分離槽を直列
ではなく、L字型に載置し、水中油分除去装置を前記浮
上油分離装置に近設したことで、油水分離除去装置の設
置に必要な面積を極力小さくし、車両や船舶等に搭載し
やすくしている。The first, second, and third floating oil separation tanks are placed in an L-shape instead of in series, and the oil-in-water removal device is installed near the floating oil separation device, thereby removing the oil-water separation device. The area required for installation is minimized, making it easy to install in vehicles and ships.
【0021】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施例を、図面
を参照にしながら説明する。図1は、油水分離除去装置
の概略構成を示す説明図である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an oil / water separation / removal device.
【0022】図1に示すように、油水分離除去装置1
は、油水中の比重の軽い油分を上部に浮上分離させて除
去する浮上油分離回収装置2と、浮上分離せず、油水中
に残留する油分を最終的に無害固形物として除去する水
中油分除去装置4とから構成されている。As shown in FIG. 1, an oil / water separation / removal device 1
Is a floating oil separation / collection device 2 that floats and removes the oil component having a low specific gravity in the oil water, and an in-water oil component that finally removes the oil component that does not float and remains in the oil water as a harmless solid substance. And device 4.
【0023】図2は、消防法に規定される油水分離槽等
の清掃のため貯留した油水や、漏油事故等により海水に
広がる油水中の油分の多い表面附近の油水を汲み上げ
て、浮上油分離回収装置2の第一の浮上油分離槽2aに
流入させるフロートポンプ5の概略構成を示す図であ
り、(a)は、フロートポンプ5の平面図、(b)は、フロー
トポンプ5の側面図である。FIG. 2 shows a case where a floating oil is drawn by pumping up the oil water stored for cleaning the oil-water separation tank specified by the Fire Service Act and the oil water near the surface of the oil water that spreads in seawater due to an oil leak accident. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the float pump 5 made to flow into the 1st floating oil separation tank 2a of the separation collection apparatus 2, (a) is a top view of the float pump 5, (b) is a side surface of the float pump 5. It is a figure.
【0024】図2に示すように、フロートポンプ5は、
含油排水中にフロートポンプ5を保持するフロート部5
aと、表面の油分の多い油水をポンプ駆動にて吸い込む
吸い込み口5dと、該吸い込み口5dの周囲に配した粗
大なごみを除去する網目の大きなごみ除け網5bと、ご
み除け網5bの内部で吸い込み口5dの周囲に配した微
細なごみを除去するごみ除け網5cとから構成されてい
る。As shown in FIG. 2, the float pump 5 is
Float part 5 for holding the float pump 5 in oil-containing wastewater
a, a suction port 5d for sucking oily water on the surface by a pump drive, a large mesh net 5b for removing coarse dust arranged around the suction port 5d, and an inside of the dust net 5b. It is composed of a dust net 5c arranged around the suction port 5d for removing fine dust.
【0025】消防法に規定される油水分離槽6中に貯留
された含油排水は、ごみ除け網5c,5dによりごみが
除かれて、油分の多い含油排水表面の油水のみがフロー
トポンプ5で汲み上げられ、第一の浮上油分離槽2aに
流入する。The oil-containing wastewater stored in the oil-water separation tank 6 stipulated by the Fire Service Law is debris-removed by the debris nets 5c and 5d, and only the oil-water on the surface of the oil-containing wastewater containing a lot of oil is pumped up by the float pump 5. And flows into the first floating oil separation tank 2a.
【0026】このように、油水中のごみをあらかじめ除
去しておくため、浮上油分離回収装置2において、油水
の流通がごみで妨げられることなく、効率よく作業が進
められる。As described above, since the dust in the oil water is removed in advance, the floating oil separating and collecting apparatus 2 can efficiently perform the work without the dust blocking the flow of the oil water.
【0027】また、事故により海水にオイルが広がった
場合であっても、油分の多い含油排水表面の油水のみを
フロートポンプ5で汲み上げて処理するため、処理する
油水量が少なくなり、処理コストを低減することができ
る。Further, even when oil spreads to seawater due to an accident, since only the oil water on the oil-containing drainage surface with a large amount of oil is pumped up by the float pump 5 and processed, the amount of oil water to be processed is reduced and the processing cost is reduced. It can be reduced.
【0028】図3は、浮上油分離回収装置2を示す拡大
図である。第一の浮上油分離槽2aは、フロートポンプ
5で汲み上げられた油水の流速を制御する邪魔板である
抵抗板2b及び浮上した油分を回収するオイルスキマー
2cを備えている。なお、図4は、抵抗板2bの概略構
成を示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the floating oil separating and collecting apparatus 2. The first floating oil separation tank 2a includes a resistance plate 2b that is a baffle plate that controls the flow rate of the oil water pumped by the float pump 5, and an oil skimmer 2c that collects the floating oil component. Note that FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the resistance plate 2b.
【0029】図4に示すように、抵抗板2bは、やや斜
めに設置した扇状の平板20に、複数のフィルター21
を起立設し、このフィルター21の側部を側板22で囲
って、フロートポンプ5により汲み上げられた油水を抵
抗板2b上に流通させて、第一の浮上油分離槽2aに流
入する仕組みとなっている。As shown in FIG. 4, the resistance plate 2b includes a fan-shaped flat plate 20 installed at a slight angle and a plurality of filters 21.
Is installed upright, the side part of this filter 21 is surrounded by a side plate 22, and the oil water pumped up by the float pump 5 is circulated on the resistance plate 2b and flows into the first floating oil separation tank 2a. ing.
【0030】フロートポンプ5で汲み上げられた油水
は、抵抗板2bにぶつかって、油水中の油分が直接、第
一の浮上油分離槽2aの底部まで到達しないように流速
が制御され、油分の浮上分離が促進される。The oil water pumped up by the float pump 5 hits the resistance plate 2b and the flow velocity is controlled so that the oil content in the oil water does not directly reach the bottom of the first floating oil separation tank 2a. Separation is facilitated.
【0031】そして、水面に浮上した油分を、油分の粘
性を利用して、油水の流入方向と逆方向に回転する円筒
状のオイルスキマー2cに付着させ、オイルスキマー2
cに付着した油分を油分回収タンク2iに回収する。The oil floating on the surface of the water is attached to the cylindrical oil skimmer 2c which rotates in the direction opposite to the inflow direction of the oil by utilizing the viscosity of the oil.
The oil content adhering to c is collected in the oil collection tank 2i.
【0032】次いで、オイルスキマー2cで浮上油分が
除去された油水を、第一の浮上油分離槽2aの底部附近
からサイホン2dで汲み上げ、水圧分散ストレーナー2
eの40メッシュ程度のサクションフィルターに通流さ
せて油水の流速を制御し、油分の底部への集中落下を防
止しつつ、第二の浮上油分離槽2fに流通する。ここ
で、油水中の油分の浮上分離が促進され、油水中の油分
が、油膜として第二の浮上油分離槽2fの上部に浮上分
離する。Next, the oil-water having the floating oil content removed by the oil skimmer 2c is pumped up by a siphon 2d from the vicinity of the bottom of the first floating oil separation tank 2a, and the hydraulic dispersion strainer 2
The oil is passed through a suction filter of about 40 mesh (e) to control the flow rate of the oil water to prevent the oil content from being concentratedly dropped to the bottom portion, and is circulated to the second floating oil separation tank 2f. Here, the floating separation of the oil component in the oil water is promoted, and the oil component in the oil water floats and separates as an oil film on the upper part of the second floating oil separation tank 2f.
【0033】同様に、油分が浮上分離された第二の浮上
油分離槽2fの底部付近からサイホン2gを用いて油水
を汲み上げ、水圧分散ストレーナー2hを通流させて第
三の浮上油分離槽2iに流入する操作を繰り返すことに
より、最終槽である第三の浮上油分離槽2iに油分が到
達しないように防止するとともに、油水中の極微細な油
分も、水分との比重差により、完全に油膜として油水の
上部表面に浮上分離する。Similarly, oil water is pumped up from the vicinity of the bottom of the second floating oil separation tank 2f from which oil is floated and separated by using a siphon 2g, and the water is dispersed through a hydraulic pressure dispersion strainer 2h to make a third floating oil separation tank 2i. By repeating the operation of flowing into the third tank, the oil is prevented from reaching the third floating oil separation tank 2i, which is the final tank, and the extremely fine oil content in the oil water is completely removed due to the difference in specific gravity with water. It floats and separates on the upper surface of oil water as an oil film.
【0034】次に、浮上分離した油水表面の油膜を除去
する油吸着フィルター3について説明する。Next, the oil adsorption filter 3 for removing the oil film on the surface of the oil / water that has been floated and separated will be described.
【0035】図5は、油吸着フィルター3に用いる水流
分散板3cを示す平面図であり、図6は、油吸着フィル
ター3の概略構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a water flow distribution plate 3c used in the oil adsorption filter 3, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of the oil adsorption filter 3.
【0036】図5に示すように、水流分散板3cは、多
孔を有する円板体である。As shown in FIG. 5, the water flow distribution plate 3c is a disk body having porosity.
【0037】また、図6に示すように、油吸着フィルタ
ー3は、有頂円筒状のケース体3b中に、水流分散板3
cを装着し、その下流に活性炭を用いた吸着材3dを充
填し、更に下流に、吸着材3dに吸着した油分の流出を
防止するポリプロピレン製の円板体である吸着材流出防
止フィルター3eを装着している。Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the oil adsorption filter 3 includes a water dispersion plate 3 in a cylindrical case body 3b.
c is installed, the adsorbent 3d using activated carbon is filled in the downstream thereof, and further downstream, an adsorbent outflow prevention filter 3e, which is a polypropylene disc body that prevents the oil component adsorbed by the adsorbent 3d from flowing out. I am wearing it.
【0038】吸着材3dは、谷口商会株式会社が製造・
販売元である、活性炭を主原料とするスミレイを使用し
ている。スミレイは、一般の油吸着マットに用いる吸着
素材の孔径(通常の油吸着マットの孔径:200μm〜600
μm)よりも小さく、大径孔で20μm〜50μm程度の大き
さであり、薄膜状となっている油分の吸着に適してい
る。The adsorbent 3d is manufactured by Taniguchi Shokai Co., Ltd.
It uses violet, which is the seller, whose main raw material is activated carbon. Sumirei has a pore size of the adsorption material used for general oil adsorption mats (pore size of ordinary oil adsorption mats: 200 μm-600
The size is about 20 μm to 50 μm with a large diameter hole, and it is suitable for the adsorption of oil in the form of a thin film.
【0039】なお、本例の油吸着フィルター3は、水流
分散板3c,吸着材3d及び吸着材流出防止フィルター
3eからなるセットを二セット、ケース体3b中に装着
している。このセットの交換が可能となるように、ケー
ス体3bは、強固な金属等を用いて形成することが望ま
しい。The oil adsorption filter 3 of this embodiment is equipped with two sets of a water flow dispersion plate 3c, an adsorbent 3d and an adsorbent outflow prevention filter 3e in the case body 3b. The case body 3b is preferably formed of a strong metal or the like so that the set can be replaced.
【0040】油膜が上部に浮上している油水を、油吸着
フィルター3に流通すると、水流分散板3cに油水がぶ
つかって分散し、吸着材3d中に略均等に油水が流通し
て、油膜が吸着材3dに吸着される。そして、吸着材流
出防止フィルター3eから流通した油水が、さらに二セ
ット目の水流分散板3c,吸着材3d,吸着材流出防止
フィルター3eを流通し、完全に油膜が吸着されて油水
から除去される。When the oil water having the oil film floating on the upper side is passed through the oil adsorption filter 3, the oil water collides with the water flow distribution plate 3c and is dispersed, and the oil water is evenly distributed in the adsorbent 3d to form the oil film. Adsorbed on the adsorbent 3d. The oil water flowing from the adsorbent outflow prevention filter 3e further flows through the second set of water flow distribution plate 3c, the adsorbent 3d, and the adsorbent outflow prevention filter 3e, and the oil film is completely adsorbed and removed from the oil water. .
【0041】したがって、除去の困難な数ミクロン単位
の微細な油膜として、油分が油水表面に浮上分離してい
る場合であっても、油吸着フィルター3に油膜を吸着
し、規定された排水基準値(鉱物油5ppm,植物油30pp
m)以下まで油分が除去されるとともに、油膜も残留し
ない清澄な処理水を現場に放出することができる。Therefore, even if the oil is floated and separated on the oil-water surface as a fine oil film of a few micron unit which is difficult to remove, the oil film is adsorbed by the oil adsorption filter 3 and the specified drainage standard value is set. (Mineral oil 5ppm, vegetable oil 30pp
m) The oil content is removed up to and below, and clear treated water that leaves no oil film can be discharged to the site.
【0042】次に、比重差によって油分が浮上分離せ
ず、油水中に残留する油分を除去する水中油分除去装置
4について説明する。Next, the oil-in-water removing device 4 for removing the oil remaining in the oil water without causing the oil to float and separate due to the difference in specific gravity will be described.
【0043】水中油分除去装置4は、図1に示すよう
に、攪拌装置4aを有する攪拌タンク4bに凝集剤B投
入用のホッパー4cと、凝固剤C投入用の液量確認タン
ク4dとを装備し、ろ過ポンプ4eを介してバッグフィ
ルター4fを配して成る。図中4gは、凝固剤Cのタン
クであり、このタンク4gから凝固剤C液をポンプ4h
で吸い上げて、液量確認タンク4dにて、液量を確認
し、攪拌タンク4bに投入する。また、図中4iは、洗
浄剤Aのタンクであり、適量ポンプ4jにて、攪拌タン
ク4bに適量の洗浄剤Aを投入する。As shown in FIG. 1, the oil-in-water removing device 4 includes a stirring tank 4b having a stirring device 4a, a hopper 4c for charging a coagulant B, and a liquid amount confirmation tank 4d for charging a coagulant C. Then, the bag filter 4f is arranged via the filtration pump 4e. In the figure, 4g is a tank for the coagulant C, and the coagulant C liquid is pumped from this tank 4g for 4h.
Then, the liquid amount is confirmed in the liquid amount confirmation tank 4d, and the liquid is confirmed and charged into the stirring tank 4b. In addition, reference numeral 4i in the drawing denotes a tank for the cleaning agent A, and an appropriate amount of the cleaning agent A is put into the stirring tank 4b by an appropriate amount pump 4j.
【0044】洗浄剤Aは、有限会社S・N・E総合研究
所が製造した商品名イオン洗浄剤SNF−GF88を用
いた植物性の洗浄剤である。また、凝集剤Bは、食可能
な海草等の植物から抽出したエキスを主成分とした粉状
体であり、凝固剤Cは、カチオン系の食品添加物をメイ
ンとした液体である。凝集剤B及び凝固剤Cとも、株式
会社ウェステックが製造元で、株式会社シンドウが販売
元のNBP−A、BC9−B(二つセットで総称ミキロ
シク)を使用している。The cleaning agent A is a vegetable cleaning agent using an ion cleaning agent SNF-GF88 (trade name) manufactured by SNE Research Institute. The coagulant B is a powdery substance containing an extract extracted from a plant such as edible seaweed as a main component, and the coagulant C is a liquid mainly containing a cationic food additive. Both the flocculant B and the coagulant C use NBP-A and BC9-B (two sets are collectively referred to as Mikirosik) manufactured by Westec Co., Ltd. and sold by Shindou Co., Ltd.
【0045】浮上油分離回収装置2にて、比重の軽い油
分が浮上分離された油水を、配管を通じて浮上油分離槽
2a,2f,2iから水中油分除去装置4の攪拌タンク
4bに流入し、洗浄剤Aを投入して油水をリエマルジョ
ン化して油水中に残留している油分を安定なミセルと
し、更に、凝集剤B及び凝固剤Cとを投入してミセルと
なっている油分を完全にフロック化したうえ、このフロ
ック化した油分をバッグフィルター4fで除去し、油分
の残留しない、完全に清澄化した処理水を水中油分除去
装置4の放出口から現場に再放出することができる。In the floating oil separation / collection device 2, the oil / water in which the oil component having a low specific gravity is floated and separated flows from the floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i into the agitation tank 4b of the oil-in-water removing device 4 through a pipe to wash Oil A is re-emulsified by adding agent A to make the oil remaining in the oil into stable micelles, and further coagulant B and coagulant C are added to completely flocculate the oil that becomes micelles. In addition, the flocculated oil content is removed by the bag filter 4f, and the completely clarified treated water without the oil content remaining can be re-released to the site from the discharge port of the oil-in-water removal device 4.
【0046】また、洗浄剤A、凝集剤B及び凝固剤Cの
全てが環境に影響を与えない天然物を用いていることか
ら、フロック化した油分を無害固形物として、安心して
廃棄・除去することができる。Further, since the cleaning agent A, the coagulant B and the coagulant C are all natural substances that do not affect the environment, the flocculated oil is safely disposed and removed as a harmless solid substance. be able to.
【0047】浮上油分離槽2a,2f,2iにおいて、
浮上した油分も、水中油分除去装置4において、フロッ
ク化した上、除去することも可能である。すなわち、浮
上油分離槽2a,2f,2iの下部から充填水を供給
し、浮上油を浮上油分離槽2a,2f,2iの上部に押
し上げて、浮上油分離槽2a,2f,2i上部に設けた
上部回収パイプ7により水中油分除去装置4の攪拌タン
ク4bに流入し、油分をフロック化したうえ回収し、分
離廃棄する。In the floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i,
The oil content that has floated up can also be flocculated and removed by the oil-in-water removal device 4. That is, the filling water is supplied from the lower part of the floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i, and the floating oil is pushed up to the upper parts of the floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i, and is provided above the floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i. The upper recovery pipe 7 flows into the agitation tank 4b of the oil-in-water removing device 4, and the oil is flocculated, recovered, and separated and discarded.
【0048】なお、浮上油分離回収装置2と水中油分除
去装置4を流通弁を介して配管7で連結した循環手段を
設け、汚れてきた浮上油分離槽2a,2f,2i中の充
填水を、流通弁を介したパイプ8を通じて水中油分除去
装置4に循環させ、清浄な初期充填水として再利用して
いる。A circulating means is provided in which the floating oil separation / recovery device 2 and the underwater oil removing device 4 are connected by a pipe 7 via a flow valve, and the contaminated floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i are filled with filled water. It is circulated to the oil-in-water removing device 4 through the pipe 8 through the flow valve and reused as clean initial filling water.
【0049】次に、図7は、油水分離除去装置1の他の
実施例について説明する。図7は、浮上油分離回収装置
2及び水中油分除去装置4を配管7で連結して一つのラ
インを構成し、ハウジング内に設置した油水分離除去装
置1を示す平面図である。Next, FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment of the oil / water separation / removal device 1. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the oil / water separation / removal device 1 installed in the housing by connecting the floating oil separation / recovery device 2 and the in-water oil removal device 4 with a pipe 7.
【0050】図7に示すように、油水分離除去装置1
は、浮上油分離回収装置2の第一、第二及び第三の浮上
油分離槽2a,2f,2iをL字型に設置し、この浮上
油分離回収装置2の第一、第二及び第三の浮上油分離槽
2a,2f,2iを流通弁を介して配管7で攪拌タンク
4bに連結し、水中油分除去装置4を浮上油分離回収装
置2に近設して設け、コンパクトにハウジング内に設置
している。As shown in FIG. 7, the oil / water separation / removal device 1
Installs the first, second and third floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i of the floating oil separating and collecting apparatus 2 in an L-shape, and the first, second and second floating oil separating and collecting apparatus 2 are installed. The three floating oil separation tanks 2a, 2f, 2i are connected to the agitation tank 4b through a pipe 7 with a stirring tank 4b, and an oil-in-water removing device 4 is provided near the floating oil separating and collecting device 2 to compactly house the housing. It is installed in.
【0051】このため、油水分離除去装置1を、車両や
船舶に搭載することが容易となり、事故等によって汚染
された海水や湖沼の事故現場まで、車両や船舶に搭載し
た油水分離除去装置1を運び、現場において、油水を規
定された排水基準値以下まで浄化し、油膜の残らない清
澄化した処理水を現場に戻すことができる。Therefore, the oil / water separation / removal device 1 can be easily mounted on a vehicle or a ship, and the oil / water separation / removal device 1 mounted on a vehicle or a ship can be used for accidents such as seawater and lakes contaminated by an accident. It is possible to carry and purify oil water to below the specified standard value of waste water at the site, and to return the clarified treated water with no oil film remaining to the site.
【0052】[0052]
【発明の効果】本発明は、上記した構成となっているの
で、以下に示す効果を奏する。油水分離除去装置は、油
分の多い油水の表面附近の油水を汲み上げて処理するた
め、油水が海水等の広範囲に広がっている場合であって
も、処理する油水量を少なくして、処理コストを低減す
ることができる。Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, it has the following effects. The oil / water separation / removal device pumps up and processes oily water near the surface of oily water, so even if the oily water is spread over a wide area such as seawater, the amount of oily water to be processed is reduced to reduce the processing cost. It can be reduced.
【0053】油水分離除去装置の浮上油分離回収装置
は、油分と水分との比重差により油水中の油分を浮上分
離させて回収するとともに、油水中な微細な油分も油膜
として浮上分離させて除去する。また、油膜として浮上
分離しない油分が万一、油水中に残留した場合であって
も、油吸着フィルターを用いて除去し、規定された排水
基準値以下まで油水を完全に浄化し、油膜としても油分
が残留しない清澄な処理水を現場に戻すことができる。The floating oil separation / recovery device of the oil / water separation / removal device floats and collects the oil component in the oil water due to the difference in specific gravity between the oil component and the moisture, and also removes the fine oil component in the oil water by floating and separating it as an oil film. To do. Even if oil that does not float as an oil film remains in the oil water, it is removed using an oil adsorption filter and the oil water is completely purified to below the specified drainage standard value. Clear treated water with no oil remaining can be returned to the site.
【0054】更に、油水分離装置の水中油分除去装置
は、浮上油分離回収装置で浮上分離されない油水中に残
留する油分を無害固形物として回収・除去し、規定され
た排水基準値以下まで、完全に清澄化した処理水を現場
に戻すことができる。Further, the oil-in-water removing device of the oil-water separating device collects and removes the oil remaining in the oil-water which is not floated and separated by the floating oil-separating / recovering device, as a harmless solid substance, and completely removes it up to the prescribed standard value of wastewater. The clarified treated water can be returned to the site.
【0055】油水分離除去装置は、コンパクトにハウジ
ング内に設置することが可能であり、船舶等の移動体に
容易に搭載することが可能であるため、事故現場まで油
水分離除去装置を運んで、漏油の事故現場において、低
コストで、環境に影響を与えることなく、海水等の油水
中の油分を完全に除去し、規定された排水基準値以下ま
で油水を清浄化するとともに、油膜としても油分の残ら
ない完全に清澄化した処理水を現場に再放出することが
できる。Since the oil / water separation / removal device can be compactly installed in the housing and can be easily mounted on a moving body such as a ship, the oil / water separation / removal device can be carried to an accident site, At an oil spill accident site, the oil content in oil water such as seawater is completely removed at low cost without affecting the environment, and the oil water is purified to below the specified drainage standard value, and also as an oil film. Completely clarified treated water with no oil residue can be re-released to the site.
【図1】本発明の一実施例を示す、油水分離回収装置の
概略構成を示す説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an oil / water separation and recovery apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】(a)はフロートポンプの概略構成を示す平面
図、(b)は、フロートポンプの側面図。FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a float pump, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the float pump.
【図3】本発明の一実施例を示す、浮上油分離回収装置
の概略構成を示す説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a floating oil separation and recovery apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図4】抵抗板の概略構成を示す斜視図。FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a resistance plate.
【図5】油吸着フィルターに用いる水流分散板の概略構
成を示す平面図。FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a water flow dispersion plate used for an oil adsorption filter.
【図6】油吸着フィルターの概略構成を示す説明図。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an oil adsorption filter.
【図7】本発明の他の実施例を示す、浮上油分離回収装
置及び水中油分除去装置を一ラインで連結した油水分離
除去装置の概略構成を示す説明図。FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of an oil / water separation / removal device in which a floating oil separation / recovery device and an in-water oil removal device are connected by one line, showing another embodiment of the present invention.
1 ; 油水分離除去装置 2 ; 浮上油分離回収装置 2a ; 浮上油分離槽 2b ; 抵抗板 2c ; オイルスキマー 2d ; サイホン 2e ; 水圧分散ストレーナー 2f ; 浮上油分離槽 2g ; サイホン 2h ; 水圧分散ストレーナー 2i ; 浮上油分離槽 2j ; 回収タンク 3 ; 油吸着フィルター 3a ; サイホン 3b ; ケース体 3c ; 水流分散板 3d ; 吸着材 3e ; 吸着材流出防止フィルター 4 ; 水中油分除去装置 4a ; 攪拌装置 4b ; 攪拌タンク 4c ; ホッパー 4d ; 液量確認タンク 4e ; ろ過ポンプ 4f ; バッグフィルター 4g ; 凝固剤Cタンク 4h ; ポンプ 4i ; 洗浄剤Aタンク 4j ; 適量ポンプ 5 ; フロートポンプ 5a ; フロート部 5b ; ごみ除け網 5c ; ごみ除け網 5d ; 吸い込み口 6 ; 排水ビット 7 ; 上部回収パイプ 8 ; パイプ 20 ; 平板 21 ; フィルター 22 ; 側板 1; Oil water separation and removal device 2; Floating oil separation and recovery device 2a; Floating oil separation tank 2b; Resistance plate 2c; Oil skimmer 2d; Siphon 2e; Water pressure dispersion strainer 2f; Floating oil separation tank 2g; Siphon 2h; Water pressure dispersion strainer 2i; Floating oil separation tank 2j; Recovery tank 3; Oil adsorption filter 3a; Siphon 3b; Case body 3c; Water dispersion plate 3d; Adsorbent 3e; Adsorbent outflow prevention filter 4; Underwater oil removal device 4a; stirring device 4b; stirring tank 4c; Hopper 4d; Liquid volume confirmation tank 4e; Filtration pump 4f; Bag filter 4g; Coagulant C tank 4h; pump 4i; Cleaning agent A tank 4j; Appropriate amount pump 5; Float pump 5a; float part 5b; garbage screen 5c; garbage screen 5d; Suction port 6; Drainage bit 7; Upper recovery pipe 8; Pipe 20; Flat plate 21; Filter 22; Side plate
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) B01D 17/022 503 B01D 17/022 503 17/025 504 17/025 504 17/028 17/028 Z 17/032 17/032 17/05 501 17/05 501G B63J 4/00 B63J 4/00 A C02F 1/28 C02F 1/28 H 1/52 1/52 F E03F 5/16 E03F 5/16 Fターム(参考) 2D063 DB08 4D015 BA12 DB31 DC07 EA35 FA01 FA11 4D024 AA05 AB06 BA02 BB01 BC01 CA07 DB03 DB08 DB21 4D051 AA01 AA06 AB02 AB07 BA03 BA08 BA10 DA02 DC02 DC20─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) B01D 17/022 503 B01D 17/022 503 17/025 504 17/025 504 17/028 17/028 Z 17 / 032 17/032 17/05 501 17/05 501G B63J 4/00 B63J 4/00 A C02F 1/28 C02F 1/28 H 1/52 1/52 F E03F 5/16 E03F 5/16 F term (reference) 2D063 DB08 4D015 BA12 DB31 DC07 EA35 FA01 FA11 4D024 AA05 AB06 BA02 BB01 BC01 CA07 DB03 DB08 DB21 4D051 AA01 AA06 AB02 AB07 BA03 BA08 BA10 DA02 DC02 DC20 DC20
Claims (3)
水のみを汲み上げるフロートポンプ、汲み上げた油水表
面に浮上する油分を底部まで到達させないように油水の
流速を制御する邪魔板及び浮上した油分を回収するオイ
ルスキマーを設けた第一の浮上油分離槽、油水を浮上油
分離槽から汲み上げるサイホン及び汲み上げた油水中の
油分を底部まで集中落下させないように流速を制御する
水圧分散ストレーナーを設けた第二,第三の浮上油分離
槽、第三の浮上油分離槽中に万一にも含まれている可能
性のある油分を活性炭からなる多孔質性の吸着材を用い
て吸着する油吸着フィルター、油分を吸着処理した処理
水を放出する放出口を設けた浮上油分離回収装置と、前
記浮上油分離槽中の油水中に残留する油分をミセルの効
果によりエマルジョン化する植物系の洗浄剤と、エマル
ジョン化した油分をフロック化する食可能な海草等の植
物から抽出したエキスを主成分とした凝集剤及びカチオ
ン系の食品添加物をメインとした凝固剤とを投入して混
合するタンク、フロック化した油分を回収するバグフィ
ルター、フロック化した油分を除去した処理水を放出す
る放出口を設けた水中油分除去装置とを、一つのハウジ
ングに設置し、船舶、車両、列車の移動物体に搭載可能
とした油水分離除去装置。1. A float pump that removes dust and pumps only oily water near a surface that is rich in oil, a baffle plate that controls the flow rate of oily water so that the oily material that floats on the surface of the oily water that has been pumped does not reach the bottom, and the oily material that floats A first floating oil separation tank equipped with an oil skimmer for collecting oil, a siphon for pumping oil water from the floating oil separation tank, and a hydraulic pressure dispersion strainer for controlling the flow velocity so that the oil content in the pumped oil water would not be concentratedly dropped to the bottom. Oil adsorption that uses a porous adsorbent made of activated carbon to absorb oil that may be contained in the second and third floating oil separation tanks and the third floating oil separation tank A floating oil separation / collection device equipped with a filter and a discharge port for discharging treated water that has absorbed oil, and the oil remaining in the oil in the floating oil separation tank is removed by the effect of micelles. A flocculant-based cleaning agent, a flocculant mainly composed of an extract extracted from plants such as edible seaweeds that flocculates emulsified oil, and a coagulant mainly composed of a cationic food additive. Install a tank for mixing and mixing oil, a bag filter for collecting flocked oil, and an underwater oil removal device with a discharge port for discharging treated water from which flocked oil has been removed in one housing Oil and water separation and removal device that can be mounted on moving objects such as vehicles, trains, and trains.
孔性の水流分散板と、該水流分散板の下流に位置する活
性炭からなる多孔質性の吸着材と、該吸着材の下流に位
置する吸着材に吸収した油分を流出させない吸着材流出
防止フィルターとから構成した請求項1記載の油水分離
除去装置。2. An oil adsorption filter comprising a porous water-flow dispersion plate for dispersing oil and water, a porous adsorbent made of activated carbon located downstream of the water-flow dispersion plate, and a downstream of the adsorbent. The oil / water separation / removal device according to claim 1, comprising an adsorbent outflow prevention filter that does not allow the oil absorbed by the adsorbent to flow out.
字型に載置した浮上油分離回収装置と、該浮上油分離回
収装置に水中油分除去装置を近設した請求項1又は2記
載の油水分離除去装置。3. The first, second and third floating oil separation tanks are set to L.
The oil / water separation / removal device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a floating oil separation / recovery device placed in a V shape and an in-water oil removal device are provided near the floating oil separation / recovery device.
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JP2001323007A JP3640070B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2001-10-22 | Oil / water separation and removal equipment |
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JP2001323007A JP3640070B2 (en) | 2001-10-22 | 2001-10-22 | Oil / water separation and removal equipment |
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JP3640070B2 JP3640070B2 (en) | 2005-04-20 |
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