JP2003120692A - Method of manufacturing metal ball retainer for bearing - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing metal ball retainer for bearingInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003120692A JP2003120692A JP2001320267A JP2001320267A JP2003120692A JP 2003120692 A JP2003120692 A JP 2003120692A JP 2001320267 A JP2001320267 A JP 2001320267A JP 2001320267 A JP2001320267 A JP 2001320267A JP 2003120692 A JP2003120692 A JP 2003120692A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- concave spherical
- concave
- metal ball
- press
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/38—Ball cages
- F16C33/42—Ball cages made from wire or sheet metal strips
- F16C33/422—Ball cages made from wire or sheet metal strips made from sheet metal
- F16C33/427—Ball cages made from wire or sheet metal strips made from sheet metal from two parts, e.g. ribbon cages with two corrugated annular parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
- F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/38—Ball cages
- F16C33/3887—Details of individual pockets, e.g. shape or ball retaining means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、各種機械装置の
回転部分を支持する転がり玉軸受に組み付けられる軸受
用金属製玉保持器の製造方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a metal ball cage for bearings, which is assembled to a rolling ball bearing that supports rotating parts of various mechanical devices.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】転がり玉軸受は、内輪及び外輪間に複数
のボールが転動自在に保持されるものであるが、これら
の複数のボールを周方向に等間隔おきに保持するための
玉保持器として、環状の金属板のプレス成形加工によっ
て得られる波形保持器が周知である。2. Description of the Related Art A rolling ball bearing holds a plurality of balls rollably between an inner ring and an outer ring, and holds a plurality of balls at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. As a container, a corrugated cage obtained by press-forming an annular metal plate is well known.
【0003】この波形保持器は、ボール保持用凹球部と
平坦部とが交互に形成された一対の波形環が互いに対向
配置されたものであり、対応し合う凹球部間にボールが
それぞれ挿着されて、平坦部同士がリベットを介して連
結一体化されることにより、複数のボールが周方向に等
間隔おきに転動自在に保持されるようにしたものであ
る。In this corrugated cage, a pair of corrugated rings, in which concave ball-holding portions and flat portions are alternately formed, are arranged so as to oppose each other. The plurality of balls are rotatably held at equal intervals in the circumferential direction by being inserted and attached and the flat portions being connected and integrated via rivets.
【0004】そしてこの玉保持器が、ボールを転動自在
に保持した状態で内輪及び外輪間に組み込まれて、内輪
及び外輪がボールを介して相対回転自在に支持されるこ
とにより、軸受が構成されるものである。The ball retainer is installed between the inner ring and the outer ring in a state in which the ball is rotatably held, and the inner ring and the outer ring are supported rotatably relative to each other through the ball, thereby forming a bearing. It is what is done.
【0005】このような玉軸受においては、組付後に、
玉保持器における凹球部の内表面(凹球面)等に、グリ
ース等の潤滑剤を注入することにより、ボールと、保持
器、内輪及び外輪等の周囲接触部位との間の摩擦抵抗を
減少させて、安定した回転状態が得られるように配慮さ
れている。In such a ball bearing, after assembly,
By injecting a lubricant such as grease into the inner surface (concave spherical surface) of the concave sphere of the ball cage, the frictional resistance between the ball and surrounding contact parts such as the cage, inner ring and outer ring is reduced. Therefore, it is considered that a stable rotation state can be obtained.
【0006】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記従
来の金属製波形玉保持器においては、凹球面がその面粗
さ(Rmax )が2〜3μm程度の平滑面に形成されてい
るため、凹球面における潤滑剤の保持力が低く、凹球面
に注入される潤滑剤の減少が早期に進行し、潤滑が不十
分となり、油切れによって、偏摩耗や焼き付け等の不具
合が発生する恐れがあるという問題を抱えている。However, in the above-mentioned conventional metal corrugated ball cage, the concave spherical surface is formed as a smooth surface having a surface roughness (Rmax) of about 2 to 3 μm. In this case, the holding force of the lubricant is low, the amount of lubricant injected into the concave spherical surface progresses at an early stage, lubrication becomes insufficient, and problems such as uneven wear and baking may occur due to oil shortage. Have a
【0007】そこで本願出願人は、上記のような波形玉
保持器において、凹球面における潤滑剤の保持性能を向
上させるために、凹球面に多数の油溜め凹部を形成する
技術を開発した(実用新案登録第2503952号)。Accordingly, the applicant of the present application has developed a technique for forming a large number of oil reservoir recesses on the concave spherical surface in order to improve the lubricant retaining performance on the concave spherical surface in the above corrugated ball cage (practical use. New model registration No. 2503952).
【0008】この先行技術における油溜め凹部は、開口
部によりも奥部側の方が広い袋状ないしはアリ溝断面状
の形状を有するものであり、開口部の口径が、0.1〜
1.0mm程度に設定されるとともに、油溜め凹部の深
さが、凹球部の板厚に対し、1/3程度の深さに設定さ
れている。つまり、上記先行技術の玉保持器は、ボール
保持用凹球部の板厚や大きさ等のサイズに比べて、油溜
め凹部の大きさや深さが大きく形成されているため、仕
上げプレス工程等のプレス成形加工時に、油溜め凹部が
クラック起点となってクラックが発生する等、製品不良
が多く発生することがあり、生産効率が減少してコスト
の増大を招く恐れがあった。The oil sump concave portion in this prior art has a bag shape or a dovetail groove cross-sectional shape whose inner side is wider than the opening, and the diameter of the opening is 0.1 to 0.1 mm.
The depth of the oil sump recess is set to about 1.0 mm, and is set to about 1/3 of the plate thickness of the recessed sphere. In other words, in the ball cage of the above-mentioned prior art, the size and depth of the oil sump concave portion are formed larger than the size such as the plate thickness and the size of the concave ball holding portion, so that the finishing press step, etc. During the press forming process, there are many product defects such as the occurrence of cracks at the oil sump recesses as crack starting points, which may reduce the production efficiency and increase the cost.
【0009】更に上記先行技術のように、ボール保持用
凹球部に、単独の油溜め凹部を多数形成するには、多く
の時間や複雑な工程を必要とするため、作業工程数が増
加して、製造が困難になるとともに、一段とコストの増
大を来す恐れがあった。Further, as in the above-mentioned prior art, it takes a lot of time and complicated steps to form a large number of independent oil-storing recesses in the ball-holding recessed sphere, so that the number of working steps increases. As a result, the manufacturing becomes difficult and the cost may further increase.
【0010】この発明は、上記の事情に鑑みてなされた
もので、潤滑剤の保持性能に優れる金属製玉保持器を、
効率良く、抵コストで、しかも簡単に製造することがで
きる軸受用金属製玉保持器の製造方法を提供することを
目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a metal ball retainer excellent in lubricant retaining performance.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a metal ball cage for bearings, which can be manufactured efficiently, at low cost, and easily.
【0011】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、金属製玉保
持器に関して、綿密な実験、研究を引き続き行った結
果、上記の目的を達成可能な特有の構成を見出し、本発
明をなすに至った。The inventor of the present invention found a peculiar structure capable of achieving the above object as a result of thorough experiments and researches on a metal ball cage, and made the present invention. I arrived.
【0012】すなわち本発明は、金属板にプレス成形加
工を施すことにより、ボール保持用凹球部と平坦部とが
交互に形成された一対の波形環を製作し、その一対の波
形環を、対応し合う凹球部同士を対向させるように配置
した状態で、対応し合う平坦部同士を連結一体化する金
属製玉保持器の製造方法であって、プレス成形加工にお
いて前記凹球部をプレス成形するための金型素子の外周
面に、放電加工によって、あらかじめ微細凹凸加工部を
形成しておき、プレス成形加工時に、前記凹球部の凹球
面に、前記微細凹凸加工部の転写によって微細凹凸部を
形成するものを要旨としている。That is, according to the present invention, a pair of corrugated rings in which concave ball portions for holding balls and flat portions are alternately formed are manufactured by press-forming a metal plate, and the pair of corrugated rings is A method for manufacturing a metal ball retainer in which corresponding flat portions are connected and integrated in a state where the corresponding concave spherical portions are arranged to face each other, wherein the concave spherical portions are pressed in a press forming process. A fine concavo-convex processed portion is previously formed on the outer peripheral surface of the die element for molding by electric discharge machining, and during press molding, the fine concavo-convex processed portion is transferred to the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical portion to form a fine concavity and convexity. The gist is to form the uneven portion.
【0013】本発明の軸受用金属製玉保持器の製造方法
においては、ボール保持用凹球部の凹球面に微細凹凸部
が形成されるものであるため、その凹球面における潤滑
剤の保持性能を向上させることができる。In the method for manufacturing a metal ball cage for bearings according to the present invention, since fine concave and convex portions are formed on the concave spherical surface of the ball retaining concave spherical portion, the lubricant retaining performance on the concave spherical surface is improved. Can be improved.
【0014】またプレス成形金型における金型素子にあ
らかじめ微細凹凸加工部を形成しておき、その加工部を
プレス成形加工時に転写することにより、凹球面に微細
凹凸部を形成するものであるため、波付けプレス成形と
同時に、微細凹凸部を形成することができ、微細凹凸部
の形成用に別途加工する必要がなく、作業工程数が増加
するのを防止することができる。Further, since a fine concavo-convex processed portion is formed in advance in the die element of the press molding die and the processed portion is transferred during the press molding process, the fine concavo-convex portion is formed on the concave spherical surface. The fine concavo-convex portion can be formed at the same time as the corrugating press molding, and it is not necessary to separately process the fine concavo-convex portion to prevent the number of working steps from increasing.
【0015】更に高精度の加工が可能な放電加工を用い
て金型素子に微細凹凸加工部を形成して、それを転写し
て微細凹凸部を形成するものであるため、ボール保持用
凹球面を、凹凸度合にばらつきがない高い寸法精度に仕
上げることができ、ボールを位置精度良く安定状態に確
実に保持することができる。Since a fine concavo-convex portion is formed on the die element by using electric discharge machining which can be machined with higher precision, and the fine concavo-convex portion is transferred to form the fine concavo-convex portion, a concave spherical surface for holding a ball is formed. Can be finished with high dimensional accuracy without unevenness in degree, and the ball can be reliably held in a stable state with good positional accuracy.
【0016】一方、本発明においては、前記微細凹凸部
に仕上げ押し加工を施すことにより、前記凹球部の凹球
面に仕上げ済微細凹凸部を形成する構成を採用するのが
好ましい。On the other hand, in the present invention, it is preferable to adopt a structure in which a finished fine uneven portion is formed on the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical portion by subjecting the fine uneven portion to finish pressing.
【0017】すなわちこの構成を採用する場合には、ボ
ール保持用凹球面を、より一層高い寸法精度に仕上げる
ことができ、ボールを位置精度良く安定状態に、より確
実に保持することができる。That is, when this structure is adopted, the concave spherical surface for holding the ball can be finished with higher dimensional accuracy, and the ball can be held in a stable state with high positional accuracy and more reliably.
【0018】また、本発明においては、前記仕上げ済微
細凹凸部における面粗さ(Rmax )が10〜20μmに
設定されてなる構成、又は、前記金型素子の微細凹凸加
工部おける面粗さ(Rmax )が20〜35μmに設定さ
れてなる構成を採用するのが望ましい。In the present invention, the surface roughness (Rmax) of the finished fine irregularities is set to 10 to 20 μm, or the surface roughness (Rmax) in the fine irregularities processed portion of the mold element is It is desirable to adopt a configuration in which Rmax) is set to 20 to 35 μm.
【0019】すなわちこれらの構成を採用する場合に
は、ボール保持用凹球面における潤滑剤の保持性能を十
分に確保しつつ、高い寸法精度を得ることができる。That is, when these structures are adopted, high dimensional accuracy can be obtained while sufficiently retaining the lubricant retaining performance on the concave spherical surface for retaining balls.
【0020】ここで、本発明において、放電加工は、金
型素子等の金属製の被加工物と、加工工具としての電極
との間に、絶縁媒体としての放電加工液を介して電圧を
印加して火花放電を行い、その際の高温度によって被加
工物の表面層を微細に溶融除去していく加工である。In the present invention, in the electric discharge machining, a voltage is applied between a metal work piece such as a die element and an electrode as a machining tool via an electric discharge machining liquid as an insulating medium. Then, spark discharge is performed, and the high temperature at that time finely melts and removes the surface layer of the workpiece.
【0021】この放電加工は、熱的な加工であるため、
ショットブラスト加工やバレル加工等の機械加工とは違
って、切削困難な高硬度の金属材料であっても精度良く
加工することができるとともに、精密加工、曲面加工、
球体加工等も精度良く行うことができる。Since this electric discharge machining is a thermal machining,
Unlike mechanical processing such as shot blasting and barrel processing, even high hardness metal materials that are difficult to cut can be processed with high precision, precision processing, curved surface processing,
Sphere processing and the like can be performed with high precision.
【0022】なお、放電加工は、被加工物と電極との間
の隙間(放電ギャップ)を適宜変更することにより、放
電加工面の粗さを自在に調整することができる上、凹凸
度合のばらつきが少ない梨地状の加工面を得ることがで
きる。In electrical discharge machining, the roughness of the electrical discharge machined surface can be freely adjusted by appropriately changing the gap between the workpiece and the electrode (electrical discharge gap), and the degree of unevenness can be varied. It is possible to obtain a satin-finished processed surface with a small amount.
【0023】[0023]
【発明の実施の形態】図1ないし図5はこの発明の実施
形態の製造方法によって製造された金属製波形玉保持器
(1)を示す図である。これらの図に示すように、この
玉保持器(1)は、同一の形状及び同一の大きさを有す
る一対の波形環(2)を具備している。波形環(2)
は、後に詳述する一連のプレス成形加工により得られる
ものであり、ボール保持用の凹球部(3)と平坦部
(4)とが周方向に沿って一定のピッチで交互配置に形
成されている。更に凹球部(3)の内周面(凹球面)に
は、後に詳述するように梨地状の仕上げ済微細凹凸部
(15)が形成されている。1 to 5 are views showing a metal corrugated ball cage (1) manufactured by a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in these figures, the ball retainer (1) includes a pair of corrugated rings (2) having the same shape and the same size. Corrugated ring (2)
Is obtained by a series of press-molding processes described in detail below, and concave ball portions (3) and flat portions (4) for holding balls are formed alternately in a constant pitch along the circumferential direction. ing. Further, as described later in detail, a satin-finished finished fine concavo-convex portion (15) is formed on the inner peripheral surface (concave spherical surface) of the concave spherical portion (3).
【0024】そして両波形環(2)が、互いのボール保
持用凹球部(3)の凹球面を対向させ、かつその対向部
の各間に、軸受の転動体としてのボール(5)をそれぞ
れ配置して重ね合わせるとともに、対応し合う平坦部
(4)同士をそれぞれ接合配置した状態で、各接合部を
リベット(6)によりそれぞれ連結することにより、ボ
ール付きの玉保持器(1)が構成されるものである。The corrugated rings (2) oppose the concave spherical surfaces of the ball retaining concave spheres (3), and the balls (5) as the rolling elements of the bearing are provided between the opposed portions. The ball cage (1) with balls can be arranged by stacking and stacking them, and by connecting the corresponding flat parts (4) with each other by joining them with rivets (6). It is composed.
【0025】本実施形態の玉保持器(1)を製造するに
は、まず、ブランク抜き工程により、金属板を打ち抜い
て環製品を得る。To manufacture the ball cage (1) of this embodiment, first, a blank is punched out to punch a metal plate to obtain a ring product.
【0026】ここで、金属板としては、SPCC等の冷
延鋼板や、SPHC等の熱延鋼板等の鋼板が好適に用い
られる。As the metal plate, a cold rolled steel plate such as SPCC or a hot rolled steel plate such as SPHC is preferably used.
【0027】次に、波押し荒仕上げ工程により、上記環
製品を略波形にプレス成形加工して、略波形環製品を得
る。Next, the ring product is press-formed into a substantially corrugated product by a wave-roughing roughing process to obtain a substantially corrugated product.
【0028】次に、第1仕上げ押し工程により、上記略
波形環製品にプレス成形加工を施して、波形環製品を得
る。この波形環製品は、玉保持器(1)を構成する波形
環(2)とほぼ等しい構成を有し、ボール保持用凹球部
(3)と平坦部(4)とが周方向に一定のピッチで交互
配置に形成されている。Next, in the first finishing pressing step, the above-mentioned substantially corrugated ring product is subjected to press forming to obtain a corrugated ring product. This corrugated ring product has substantially the same structure as the corrugated ring (2) that constitutes the ball retainer (1), and the ball retaining concave sphere portion (3) and the flat portion (4) are constant in the circumferential direction. They are formed in an alternating arrangement with a pitch.
【0029】本実施形態では、この第1仕上げ押し工程
に用いられるプレス成形用金型において、ボール保持用
凹球部(3)を成形するための金型素子(20)とし
て、本実施形態特有のものが用いられる。In the present embodiment, in the press-molding die used in the first finishing pressing step, the die element (20) for molding the ball holding concave sphere portion (3) is unique to the present embodiment. What is used.
【0030】図6に示すように、この金型素子(20)
は、凹球部(3)の凹球面形状に対応する半球面部(2
1)と、半球面部(21)に一端が連設されたロッド
(22)とを備えている。As shown in FIG. 6, this mold element (20)
Is a hemispherical surface (2) corresponding to the concave spherical shape of the concave sphere (3).
1) and a rod (22), one end of which is connected to the hemispherical surface portion (21).
【0031】ここで、本実施形態では、金型素子(2
0)における半球面部(21)の外周面には、放電加工
により梨地状の微細凹凸加工部(25)が形成されてい
る。Here, in this embodiment, the mold element (2
On the outer peripheral surface of the hemispherical surface part (21) in 0), a fine textured processed part (25) having a satin finish is formed by electric discharge machining.
【0032】この放電加工においては、半球面部(2
1)の外周面に対応した所定の曲率の内球面(半凹球
面)状の加工面(31)を有する銅製等の電極(30)
が準備される。そして、絶縁媒体としての放電加工油等
の液中において、金型素子(20)の半球面部(21)
と電極(30)の加工面(31)とを相対配置させ、金
型素子(20)側をアースに接続するとともに、電極
(30)側を電源に接続して、両者間に電圧を印加す
る。これにより、半球面部(21)と電極(30)との
間にアーク放電(A)を生じさせてその際の高温度によ
って、半球面部(21)の外表面部を微細に溶融除去
し、半球面部(21)の外周面に、微細凹凸加工部(2
5)を形成し、梨地状の粗面に仕上げるものである。In this electric discharge machining, the hemispherical surface (2
Electrode (30) made of copper or the like having an inner spherical surface (semi-concave spherical surface) processed surface (31) having a predetermined curvature corresponding to the outer peripheral surface of 1)
Is prepared. Then, in a liquid such as electric discharge machining oil as an insulating medium, the hemispherical surface portion (21) of the die element (20).
And the processed surface (31) of the electrode (30) are arranged relative to each other, the mold element (20) side is connected to the ground, the electrode (30) side is connected to a power source, and a voltage is applied between them. . As a result, arc discharge (A) is generated between the hemispherical surface portion (21) and the electrode (30), and due to the high temperature at that time, the outer surface portion of the hemispherical surface portion (21) is finely melted and removed. The fine concavo-convex processed portion (2
5) to form a matte surface.
【0033】本実施形態では、上記第1仕上げ押し工程
において、放電加工による金型素子(20)の微細凹凸
加工部(25)が、波形環製品における凹球部(3)の
凹球面に転写されて、その凹球面に微細凹凸部(仕上げ
前微細凹凸部15)が形成される。In the present embodiment, in the first finishing pressing step, the fine concavo-convex processed portion (25) of the die element (20) by electric discharge machining is transferred to the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical portion (3) in the corrugated ring product. Thus, the fine concavo-convex portion (fine concavo-convex portion 15 before finishing) is formed on the concave spherical surface.
【0034】ここで、仕上げ前微細凹凸部(15)の面
粗さは、後に行われる第2仕上げ押し工程での減少分を
考慮して、粗い目(大きい目)に行う。Here, the surface roughness of the fine concavo-convex portion (15) before finishing is made to be coarse (larger) in consideration of the reduction amount in the second finishing pressing step which will be performed later.
【0035】具体的には、金型素子(20)における半
球面部(21)の放電加工による面粗さ(Rmax )を、
20〜35μm、好ましくは下限値を25μm以上、上
限値を30μm以下に調整することにより、この粗面の
転写によって得られる仕上げ前微細凹凸部(15)の面
粗さを同程度に調整する。Specifically, the surface roughness (Rmax) of the hemispherical surface portion (21) of the die element (20) by electric discharge machining is
By adjusting the lower limit value to 20 to 35 μm, preferably the lower limit value to 25 μm or more and the upper limit value to 30 μm or less, the surface roughness of the fine uneven portion (15) before finishing obtained by transferring the rough surface is adjusted to the same degree.
【0036】なお、金型素子(20)における微細凹凸
加工部(25)の面粗さは、放電加工における電極(3
0)と金型素子(20)との間の放電ギャップを適宜変
更することにより調整することが可能である。例えば放
電ギャップを大きくすると、面粗さは大きくなる。The surface roughness of the fine concavo-convex processed portion (25) of the die element (20) is determined by the electrode (3
It can be adjusted by appropriately changing the discharge gap between the mold element (20) and the mold element (20). For example, when the discharge gap is increased, the surface roughness increases.
【0037】次に、第2仕上げ押し工程により、波形環
製品におけるボール保持用凹球部(3)の凹球面に仕上
げ成形を行う。Next, in the second finish pressing step, finish molding is performed on the concave spherical surface of the ball holding concave sphere portion (3) in the corrugated ring product.
【0038】この第2仕上げ押し工程に用いられるプレ
ス成形用金型において、凹球面仕上げ用の金型素子とし
ては、従来より使用されるもの、すなわち外周面が平滑
な半球面部と、その半球面部に一端が連設されたロッド
とを備えるものが用いられる。In the press-molding die used in the second finishing pressing step, as a die element for concave spherical surface finishing, those conventionally used, that is, a hemispherical surface portion having a smooth outer peripheral surface and the hemispherical surface portion thereof. A rod having one end connected to the rod is used.
【0039】これによりこの第2仕上げ押し工程では、
波形環製品における凹球面の曲率や隙間等の微妙な寸法
調整が精密に行われると同時に、凹球面に転写された仕
上げ前微細凹凸部が面押しされて凸部先端が押し潰され
ることにより、略平滑に仕上げられて、仕上げ済微細凹
凸部(15)が形成される。As a result, in this second finishing pushing step,
Delicate dimensional adjustments such as the curvature and gaps of the concave spherical surface in the corrugated ring product are precisely performed, and at the same time, the fine unevenness before finishing transferred to the concave spherical surface is pressed and the tip of the convex portion is crushed. It is finished to be substantially smooth to form a finished fine uneven portion (15).
【0040】なお、第1仕上げ押し工程直後(仕上げ
前)における微細凹凸部(15)の凹凸度合を図7のグ
ラフに示し、第2仕上げ押し工程後における微細凹凸部
(15)の凹凸度合を図8のグラフに示す。両グラフに
示すように、本実施形態では、仕上げ前微細凹凸部(1
5)において、表面側(ボールとの接触面側)に大きく
突出している凸部が、仕上げ済微細凹凸部(15)にお
いては押し潰されることにより、表面側が内部側に比べ
て略平滑に仕上げられている。The degree of unevenness of the fine unevenness portion (15) immediately after the first finishing pressing step (before finishing) is shown in the graph of FIG. 7, and the unevenness degree of the fine unevenness portion (15) after the second finishing pressing step is shown. This is shown in the graph of FIG. As shown in both graphs, in the present embodiment, before-finishing fine irregularities (1
In 5), the convex portion that largely protrudes to the surface side (contact surface side with the ball) is crushed in the finished fine unevenness portion (15), so that the surface side is finished to be substantially smoother than the inner side. Has been.
【0041】ここで、本実施形態においては、仕上げ済
微細凹凸部(15)の面粗さ(Rmax )を10〜20μ
m、好ましくは15μm以上に設定するのが良い。すな
わちこの面粗さが小さ過ぎる場合には、製造される玉保
持器(1)におけるボール保持用凹球面での潤滑剤の保
持力を十分に確保することができず、潤滑剤が早期に減
少して、摩擦抵抗が増大し、軸受性能の低下を来す恐れ
があり、好ましくない。逆に面粗さが大き過ぎる場合に
は、製造される玉保持器(1)におけるボール保持用凹
球面での凹凸度合にばらつきが生じて、ボールとの摺動
抵抗が増大して、回転トルクが増大し、軸受性能の低下
を来す恐れがあり、好ましくない。Here, in the present embodiment, the surface roughness (Rmax) of the finished fine irregularities (15) is 10 to 20 μm.
m, preferably 15 μm or more. That is, when the surface roughness is too small, it is not possible to sufficiently secure the retaining force of the lubricant on the ball retaining concave spherical surface in the ball retainer (1) to be manufactured, and the lubricant decreases early. Then, the frictional resistance increases and the bearing performance may deteriorate, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the surface roughness is too large, the degree of unevenness on the ball holding concave spherical surface in the manufactured ball cage (1) varies, the sliding resistance with the ball increases, and the rotational torque increases. Is increased and the bearing performance may be deteriorated, which is not preferable.
【0042】また本実施形態においては、第2仕上げ押
し工程によって、凹球部(3)の最終仕上げを行うもの
であるため、この第2仕上げ押し工程による寸法減少分
を考慮して、上記第1仕上げ押し工程等を行うものであ
る。Further, in the present embodiment, since the final finishing of the concave sphere portion (3) is performed by the second finishing pushing step, in consideration of the dimensional reduction due to the second finishing pushing step, the above-mentioned first finishing pushing step is carried out. 1 The finishing push step and the like are performed.
【0043】一方、第2仕上げ押し工程を行った後は、
リベット孔明工程により、凹球部(3)の各間における
平坦部(4)の所領領域を打ち抜いて、リベット孔(4
a)を形成する。On the other hand, after performing the second finishing pressing step,
A rivet hole (4) is punched out in the area of the flat portion (4) between the concave spheres (3) by a rivet hole forming step.
a) is formed.
【0044】次に、バレル処理工程により、環製品に残
存する打ち抜き時のバリを除去して、波形環(2)を得
るものである。Then, a barrel treatment step is carried out to remove burrs remaining in the ring product at the time of punching to obtain a corrugated ring (2).
【0045】その後、リベット挿入工程において、この
波形環(2)を、2枚1組にして、上記したようにボー
ル(5)を介してリベット(6)により連結することに
より、本実施形態の金属製波形玉保持器(1)を形成し
た後、軸受に組み付けられるものである。Thereafter, in the rivet inserting step, the corrugated rings (2) are made into a set of two pieces and are connected by the rivets (6) via the balls (5) as described above. The metal corrugated ball cage (1) is formed and then assembled to the bearing.
【0046】こうして得られた玉軸受においては、保持
器(1)のボール保持用凹球面に微細凹凸部(15)が
形成されているため、その凹球面における潤滑剤の保持
力が増大し、ボール(5)の周囲に潤滑剤が途切れるこ
となく供給される。このため、油切れにより偏摩耗や焼
き付け等の不具合が生じるの防止することができ、安定
した回転状態を長期維持することができ、高い品質、性
能を得ることができる。In the ball bearing thus obtained, since the concave-convex spherical surface (15) for holding the ball of the cage (1) is formed with fine irregularities (15), the holding force of the lubricant on the concave spherical surface increases, The lubricant is continuously supplied around the ball (5). For this reason, it is possible to prevent problems such as uneven wear and baking due to oil shortage, to maintain a stable rotating state for a long time, and to obtain high quality and performance.
【0047】また本実施形態の玉保持器(1)において
は、放電加工により金型素子(20)にあらかじめ微細
凹凸加工部(25)を形成しておき、その加工部(2
5)をプレス成形時(第1仕上げ押し加工時)に転写す
ることにより、凹球面に微細凹凸部(15)を形成する
ものであるため、微細凹凸部(15)の形成用に別途加
工する必要がないので、作業工程数が増加するのを防止
することができる。従って、簡単に製造できるととも
に、生産効率を向上できて、コストの削減を図ることが
できる。Further, in the ball cage (1) of this embodiment, a fine concavo-convex processed portion (25) is previously formed on the die element (20) by electric discharge machining, and the processed portion (2) is formed.
Since 5) is transferred at the time of press molding (during the first finish pressing), the fine concavo-convex portion (15) is formed on the concave spherical surface. Therefore, it is separately processed for forming the fine concavo-convex portion (15). Since it is not necessary, it is possible to prevent the number of working steps from increasing. Therefore, the manufacturing can be easily performed, the production efficiency can be improved, and the cost can be reduced.
【0048】更に本実施形態においては、保持器(1)
の板厚やサイズに比べて、極微細な凹凸部(15)を形
成するだけのものであるため、凹凸部(15)が、プレ
ス時のクラック起点となるような不具合を確実に防止で
きるので、製品不良の発生を有効に防止でき、より一層
生産効率を向上させることができる。Further, in this embodiment, the cage (1)
Compared with the plate thickness and size of No. 3, since it is only to form an extremely fine uneven portion (15), it is possible to reliably prevent the uneven portion (15) from becoming a crack starting point during pressing. Further, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of product defects, and further improve the production efficiency.
【0049】しかも、本実施形態においては、保持器
(1)を構成する波形環(2)を、ブランク抜き工程、
波押し荒仕上げ工程、第1仕上げ押し工程、第2仕上げ
押し工程、及びリベット孔明工程等のプレス成形加工の
みで製造するものであるため、切削加工等の異質の機械
加工が介在されることがないので、各工程間の移行をス
ムーズに行うことができ、この点においても、なお一
層、生産効率を向上させることができる。Moreover, in this embodiment, the corrugated ring (2) constituting the cage (1) is removed by the blank removing step,
Since it is manufactured only by press forming processes such as wave roughing finishing process, first finishing pressing process, second finishing pressing process, and rivet drilling process, heterogeneous machining such as cutting may be involved. Since it does not exist, it is possible to smoothly perform the transition between the respective steps, and in this respect as well, the production efficiency can be further improved.
【0050】また本実施形態においては、高精度の加工
が可能な放電加工を用いて金型素子(20)に微細凹凸
加工部(25)を形成して、それを転写して微細凹凸部
(15)を形成する上更に、その微細凹凸部(15)に
仕上げ加工(第2仕上げ押し加工)を施すものであるた
め、ボール保持用凹球面を、凹凸度合にばらつきがない
高い寸法精度に仕上げることができ、ボール(5)を位
置精度良く安定状態に確実に保持することができ、玉保
持器(1)、ひいては軸受製品としての品質をより一層
向上させることができる。Further, in the present embodiment, a fine concavo-convex portion (25) is formed on the die element (20) by using electric discharge machining capable of high-precision machining, and is transferred to the fine concavo-convex portion ( In addition to forming 15), the fine concavo-convex portion (15) is subjected to finishing processing (second finishing pressing processing), so that the ball holding concave spherical surface is finished with high dimensional accuracy without unevenness in degree. Therefore, the ball (5) can be surely held in a stable state with high positional accuracy, and the quality of the ball retainer (1) and eventually the bearing product can be further improved.
【0051】更に転写した微細凹凸部(15)に、仕上
げ押し加工を施して、凸部先端を滑らかに押し潰すもの
であるため、凸部先端との接触によりボール(5)に傷
が付く等の不具合も確実に防止することができる。Further, the transferred fine concave-convex portion (15) is subjected to finish pressing to crush the tip of the convex portion smoothly, so that the ball (5) is scratched by contact with the tip of the convex portion. It is possible to surely prevent the trouble of.
【0052】なお、上記実施形態においては、金型素子
(20)における半球部(21)の外周ほぼ全域に微細
凹凸加工部(25)を形成して、玉保持器(1)におけ
るボール保持用凹球面のほぼ全域に微細凹凸部(15)
を形成するようにしているが、本発明はそれだけに限ら
れず、凹球面の所要領域のみに微細凹凸部を部分的に形
成するようにしても良い。例えば金型素子(20)の半
球部(21)に部分的に放電加工を行って、ボールの回
転周速度の大きい、いわゆる赤道部周辺に対応する領域
等に、部分的に微細凹凸部を形成するようにしても良
い。In the above embodiment, the fine concavo-convex processed portion (25) is formed on almost the entire outer circumference of the hemispherical portion (21) of the mold element (20) to hold the ball in the ball cage (1). Fine concavo-convex portion (15) over almost the entire area of the concave spherical surface.
However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the fine concavo-convex portion may be partially formed only in a required region of the concave spherical surface. For example, the semi-spherical portion (21) of the die element (20) is partially subjected to electric discharge machining to partially form fine irregularities in a region corresponding to a so-called equator peripheral region where the rotational peripheral velocity of the ball is high. It may be done.
【0053】[0053]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明の軸受用金属製玉
保持器の製造方法によれば、ボール保持用凹球部をプレ
ス成形するための金型素子の外周面に、放電加工によっ
て、あらかじめ微細凹凸加工部を形成しておき、プレス
成形加工時に、凹球部の凹球面に、上記微細凹凸加工部
の転写によって微細凹凸部を形成するものであるため、
凹球面における潤滑剤の保持力が増大し、ボールの周囲
に潤滑剤が途切れることなく供給されるので、油切れに
より偏摩耗や焼き付け等の不具合が生じるの防止するこ
とができ、安定した回転状態を長期維持することがで
き、高い品質、性能を得ることができる。更に金型素子
にあらかじめ微細凹凸加工部を形成しておき、その加工
部を凹球部形成用のプレス成形加工時に転写することに
より、凹球面に微細凹凸部を形成するものであるため、
微細凹凸部の形成用に別途加工する必要がないので、作
業工程数の増加を防止でき、簡単に製造できるととも
に、生産効率を向上できて、コストの削減を図ることが
できる。また高精度の加工が可能な放電加工を用いて金
型素子に微細凹凸加工部を形成して、それを転写して微
細凹凸部を形成するものであるため、ボール保持用凹球
面を高い寸法精度に仕上げることができ、ボールを位置
精度良く安定状態に確実に保持することができ、品質を
より一層向上させることができるという効果がある。As described above, according to the method of manufacturing the metal ball cage for bearings of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the die element for press-molding the concave ball-holding portion is formed by electric discharge machining. , The fine concavo-convex processed portion is formed in advance, and at the time of press molding, the fine concavo-convex portion is formed by transferring the fine concavo-convex processed portion on the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical portion,
The holding power of the lubricant on the concave spherical surface increases and the lubricant is supplied around the ball without interruption, so it is possible to prevent problems such as uneven wear and baking due to oil shortage, and a stable rotation state. Can be maintained for a long time, and high quality and performance can be obtained. Furthermore, since a fine concavo-convex processed portion is formed in advance on the die element, and the processed portion is transferred at the time of press molding for forming the concave spherical portion, so that the fine concavo-convex portion is formed on the concave spherical surface.
Since it is not necessary to separately process for forming the fine concavo-convex portion, it is possible to prevent an increase in the number of working steps, facilitate manufacturing, improve production efficiency, and reduce cost. In addition, since a fine concavo-convex portion is formed on the die element by using electric discharge machining that can perform high-precision machining, and the fine concavo-convex portion is transferred to form a fine concavo-convex portion, the concave spherical surface for ball holding has a high dimension. There is an effect that the ball can be finished with high accuracy, the ball can be reliably held in a stable state with high positional accuracy, and the quality can be further improved.
【0054】本発明において、ボール保持用凹球面にお
ける微細凹凸部に仕上げ加工を施す場合には、ボール保
持用凹球面を、より一層高い寸法精度に仕上げることが
でき、ボールを位置精度良く安定状態に、より確実に保
持することができ、一段と品質を向上させることができ
るという利点がある。In the present invention, when finishing processing is performed on the fine irregularities of the concave spherical surface for holding a ball, the concave spherical surface for holding a ball can be finished with higher dimensional accuracy, and the ball can be stably positioned with high accuracy. In addition, there is an advantage that it can be held more reliably and the quality can be further improved.
【0055】本発明において、仕上げ済微細凹凸部にお
ける面粗さや、金型素子の微細凹凸加工部おける面粗さ
を、特定の範囲に設定する場合には、上記の効果をより
確実に得ることができるという利点がある。In the present invention, when the surface roughness in the finished fine concavo-convex portion or the surface roughness in the fine concavo-convex processed portion of the die element is set within a specific range, the above effect can be obtained more reliably. The advantage is that
【図1】この発明の実施形態の製造方法によって製造さ
れる軸受用金属製玉保持器を分解して示す斜視図であ
る。FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a metal ball holder for bearings manufactured by a manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】実施形態の玉保持器を示す平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a ball cage according to the embodiment.
【図3】実施形態の玉保持器を示す側面断面図である。FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing the ball cage of the embodiment.
【図4】実施形態の玉保持器に適用された波形環の一部
を示す平面図である。FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of a corrugated ring applied to the ball cage according to the embodiment.
【図5】実施形態の波形環における球面部周辺を拡大し
て示す斜視図である。FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view showing the periphery of the spherical portion in the corrugated ring of the embodiment.
【図6】実施形態の製造方法に用いられた金型素子を放
電加工実施途中の状態で示す斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a die element used in the manufacturing method of the embodiment in a state in which electric discharge machining is being performed.
【図7】実施形態の製造方法において第1仕上げ押し工
程直後のボール保持用凹球面における微細凹凸部の凹凸
度合を示すグラフである。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the degree of concavity and convexity of the fine concavo-convex portion on the concave spherical surface for holding balls immediately after the first finishing pressing step in the manufacturing method of the embodiment.
【図8】実施形態の製造方法において第2仕上げ押し工
程後のボール保持用凹球面における微細凹凸部の凹凸度
合を示すグラフである。FIG. 8 is a graph showing the degree of unevenness of the fine unevenness on the ball-holding concave spherical surface after the second finishing pressing step in the manufacturing method of the embodiment.
1…玉保持器 2…波形環 3…凹球部 4…平坦部 5…ボール 15…微細凹凸部 20…金型素子 25…微細凹凸加工部 1 ... Ball cage 2 ... Wave ring 3 ... concave sphere 4 ... Flat part 5 ... ball 15 ... Fine irregularities 20 ... Mold element 25 ... Fine irregularity processing part
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) F16C 33/66 F16C 33/66 Z (72)発明者 立岩 朝一 大阪市北区天満橋3丁目3番5号 中西金 属工業株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 3C059 AA01 AB01 HA04 3J101 AA02 AA32 AA42 AA62 BA37 BA45 BA47 CA14 DA09 EA02 EA63 FA32 FA44 4E050 JB06 JD03 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI theme code (reference) F16C 33/66 F16C 33/66 Z (72) Inventor Asaichi Tateiwa 3-3-5 Tenmabashi, Kita-ku, Osaka City Nakanishi Kinzoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3C059 AA01 AB01 HA04 3J101 AA02 AA32 AA42 AA62 BA37 BA45 BA47 CA14 DA09 EA02 EA63 FA32 FA44 4E050 JB06 JD03
Claims (4)
り、ボール保持用凹球部と平坦部とが交互に形成された
一対の波形環を製作し、その一対の波形環を、対応し合
う凹球部同士を対向させるように配置した状態で、対応
し合う平坦部同士を連結一体化する金属製玉保持器の製
造方法であって、 プレス成形加工において前記凹球部をプレス成形するた
めの金型素子の外周面に、放電加工によって、あらかじ
め微細凹凸加工部を形成しておき、 プレス成形加工時に、前記凹球部の凹球面に、前記微細
凹凸加工部の転写によって微細凹凸部を形成することを
特徴とする軸受用金属製玉保持器の製造方法。1. A pair of corrugated rings in which concave ball portions for holding balls and flat portions are alternately formed by press-forming a metal plate, and the pair of corrugated rings correspond to each other. A method for manufacturing a metal ball retainer, in which concave flat portions are arranged so as to face each other, and corresponding flat portions are connected and integrated with each other, in order to press-mold the concave spherical portions in a press molding process. A fine concavo-convex portion is formed in advance on the outer peripheral surface of the die element by electrical discharge machining, and during press molding, the fine concavo-convex portion is transferred to the concave spherical surface of the concave spherical portion by transferring the fine concavo-convex portion. A method of manufacturing a metal ball cage for bearings, which is characterized in that it is formed.
ことにより、前記凹球部の凹球面に仕上げ済微細凹凸部
を形成するものとした請求項1記載の軸受用金属製玉保
持器の製造方法。2. The metal ball retainer for a bearing according to claim 1, wherein the finished fine irregularities are formed on the concave spherical surface of the concave sphere by subjecting the fine irregularities to finish pressing. Production method.
(Rmax )が10〜20μmに設定されてなる請求項2
記載の軸受用金属製玉保持器の製造方法。3. The surface roughness (Rmax) of the finished fine irregularities is set to 10 to 20 μm.
A method for manufacturing the metal ball cage for bearings according to claim 1.
粗さ(Rmax )が20〜35μmに設定されてなる請求
項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の軸受用金属製玉保持器
の製造方法。4. The production of a metal ball cage for bearings according to claim 1, wherein the surface roughness (Rmax) in the finely textured portion of the die element is set to 20 to 35 μm. Method.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP2001320267A JP2003120692A (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2001-10-18 | Method of manufacturing metal ball retainer for bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001320267A JP2003120692A (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2001-10-18 | Method of manufacturing metal ball retainer for bearing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2003120692A true JP2003120692A (en) | 2003-04-23 |
Family
ID=19137682
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2001320267A Pending JP2003120692A (en) | 2001-10-18 | 2001-10-18 | Method of manufacturing metal ball retainer for bearing |
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JP (1) | JP2003120692A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008093499A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-07 | Ntn Corporation | Retainer for ball bearing and method of producing the same |
CN100522412C (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-08-05 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Method for processing middle and small ribbon cage by continuously discharging material |
CN104399827A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-11 | 吴中区光福良盛机械厂 | Wave-shaped retaining frame punching female mold processing process |
EP3438479A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-06 | Goodrich Corporation | Bearing assemblies with electrodynamically matched races |
-
2001
- 2001-10-18 JP JP2001320267A patent/JP2003120692A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008093499A1 (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-07 | Ntn Corporation | Retainer for ball bearing and method of producing the same |
US8317404B2 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2012-11-27 | Ntn Corporation | Bearing ball cage and method of making the same |
CN100522412C (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-08-05 | 洛阳轴研科技股份有限公司 | Method for processing middle and small ribbon cage by continuously discharging material |
CN104399827A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-03-11 | 吴中区光福良盛机械厂 | Wave-shaped retaining frame punching female mold processing process |
EP3438479A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-06 | Goodrich Corporation | Bearing assemblies with electrodynamically matched races |
US10371208B2 (en) | 2017-08-03 | 2019-08-06 | Goodrich Corporation | Bearing assemblies with electrodynamically matched races |
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