JP2003076192A - Heat fixing device - Google Patents

Heat fixing device

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Publication number
JP2003076192A
JP2003076192A JP2001268383A JP2001268383A JP2003076192A JP 2003076192 A JP2003076192 A JP 2003076192A JP 2001268383 A JP2001268383 A JP 2001268383A JP 2001268383 A JP2001268383 A JP 2001268383A JP 2003076192 A JP2003076192 A JP 2003076192A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film
heat
heating
rotating body
heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2001268383A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshiaki Nakajima
義昭 中嶋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP2001268383A priority Critical patent/JP2003076192A/en
Publication of JP2003076192A publication Critical patent/JP2003076192A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat fixing device which can stably convey a film by preventing a slip between a heat-resisting film and a heated material. SOLUTION: A film heating type heat fixing device which has a heat-resisting film, a heating body, and a pressure rotary body, and the heated material is introduced between the external surface of a film at a press-contact nip part and the pressure rotary body, and moved through the press-contact nip part together with the film to impart the heat energy of the heating body to the heated material through the film, is provided with an escape area which is a size smaller than the external diameter of the pressure rotary body on both sides of the pressure rotary body nearby outside the maximum passage area of the heated material; and an end part of a coating layer as a release layer provided in the passage area of the heated material on the surface of the pressure rotary body is positioned at the escape part and the coefficient of friction of the surface of the pressure rotary body on both the outsides of the escape part is made larger than that of the coating layer.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【0001】 【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、加熱体(サーマル
ヒータ)と、該加熱体に密着して摺動走行する耐熱性フ
ィルムを有し、このフィルムを介して被加熱材を加熱体
に密着させてフィルムと一緒に圧接ニップ部を移動通過
させて加熱体の熱エネルギーをフィルムを介して被加熱
材に付与するフィルム加熱方式の加熱定着装置に関する
ものである。 【0002】 【従来の技術】プリンタ、複写機、記録装置、ファクシ
ミリ等の画像形成装置或は画像記録装置に用いられる加
熱定着装置、即ち、電子写真等による記録部にて記録材
に目的の画像情報に対応した未定着画像を形成担持さ
せ、これを加熱定着する装置に関して、熱伝達効率が高
く、装置の立ち上がりも早い方式として、加熱体として
の固定支持された低熱容量のサーマルヒータと、このヒ
ータと摺動する薄膜のフィルムを用いたフィルム加熱方
式の加熱定着装置が、特開昭63−313182号公
報、特開平2−157878号公報、特開平4−440
75〜44083号公報、特開平4−204980〜2
04984号公報等に提案されている。より具体的に
は、略平板状の加熱体に耐熱性フィルムを接触させて移
動させ、該フィルムの加熱体と加圧回転体との間に形成
される圧接部に記録部から画像定着すべき未定着画像を
有する記録材を供給して圧接部を加圧回転体の駆動力で
挟持搬送させて加熱体の熱で未定着画像を記録材に加熱
定着させるものである。 【0003】図5はフィルム加熱方式の像加熱装置(加
熱定着装置)の一例の概略構成を示す横断面図である。 【0004】図5に示す装置は特開平4−44075〜
44083号公報等に開示された円筒状のフィルムを用
いたフィルム加熱方式・加圧ローラ駆動式・テンション
レスタイプの加熱定着装置である。10は加熱アセンブ
リであり、これは加熱体としてのセラミックヒータ1、
ヒータホルダ2、円筒状の耐熱性フィルム(定着フィル
ム)3、補強ステー4等から構成されている。加熱体と
してのセラミックヒータ1は図5において図面に垂直方
向を長手とする細長平板状で低熱容量の部材である。 【0005】前記ヒータホルダ2は剛性・耐熱性を有す
る部材であり、本例のものは横断面略半円状桶型の横長
部材であり、前記ヒータ1は該ヒータホルダ2の下面に
長手に沿って形成具備させたヒータ嵌め込み溝2a内に
嵌め込んで固定支持されている。前記補強ステー4は横
断面下向きU字型の横長の剛性部材であり、横断面略半
円状桶型のヒータホルダ2の内側に載置して配設されて
いる。 【0006】円筒状のフィルム3はヒータ1、ヒータホ
ルダ2、補強ステー4の組立体に対して周長に余裕を持
たせてルーズに外嵌されている。フィルム3は、熱容量
を小さくしてクイックスタート性を向上させるために、
通常、ポリイミド等のフィルム表面にPTFE、PF
A、FEP等を離型層としてコーティングした膜厚10
0μm以下で、耐熱性、離型性、耐久性を兼ね備えた複
合層フィルムで構成されている。 【0007】11は加圧部材としての弾性加圧ローラで
あり、これは芯金とその外側に設けられたシリコンゴム
等の耐熱ゴム弾性層から成る。この加圧ローラ11は、
その両端軸部を回転自由に軸受け保持されて配設されて
おり、該加圧ローラ11の上側に前記のヒータ1、ヒー
タホルダ2、フィルム3、補強ステー4等から成る加熱
アセンブリ10をヒータ1側を下向きにして対向させ、
補強ステー4の両端部をそれぞれ加圧バネ部材(不図
示)で下方に押圧状態にすることによって、ヒータ1の
下向き面と加圧ローラ11とをフィルム3を挟ませて加
圧ローラ11の弾性に抗して圧接し、所定幅の加熱ニッ
プ部(定着ニップ部)Nを形成している。 【0008】加圧ローラ11は、駆動源Mから駆動力が
伝達されて図示矢印R方向(反時計方向)に所定の周速
度で回転駆動される(加圧ローラ駆動)。この加圧ロー
ラ11の回転駆動による該ローラ11の外面とフィルム
3の外面との加熱ニップ部Nにおける圧接摩擦力でフィ
ルム3に回転力が作用し、該フィルム3はその内面が加
熱ニップ部Nにおいてヒータ1の下向き面に密着して摺
動しながら時計方向に加圧ローラ11の回転周速度にほ
ぼ対応した周速度をもってヒータホルダ2の外回りを矢
印a方向(時計方向)に従動回転状態になる。ヒータホ
ルダ2は円筒状フィルム3の回転ガイド部材としての役
目も果たす。この場合、ヒータホルダ2の外回りを従動
回転する円筒状のフィルム3はその周長のニップ部Nと
その近傍部のフィルム部分以外のフィルム部分はテンシ
ョンフリー(テンションが加わらない状態)の状態にあ
る。 【0009】又、フィルム3の回転に伴って生じるヒー
タホルダ2の長手に沿う寄り移動はヒータホルダ2の端
部側に設けたフランジ部材(不図示)の内側面にフィル
ム3の端部が受け止められて規制される。 【0010】而して、加圧ローラ11が回転駆動され、
それに伴って円筒状のフィルム3がヒータホルダ2の外
回りを従動回転状態になり、ヒータ1に通電がなされて
該ヒータ1の発熱で加熱ニップ部Nの温度が所定に立ち
上がって温調された状態において、加熱ニップ部Nに未
定着顕画像(未定着トナー画像)tを形成担持させた紙
等の被記録部材Pが導入され、加熱ニップ部Nにおいて
被記録材Pの未定着トナー画像担持面側がフィルム3の
外面に密着してフィルム3と一緒に加熱ニップ部Nを挟
持搬送されていく。この被記録材Pの挟持搬送過程にお
いて、ヒータ1の熱がフィルム3を介して被記録材Pに
付与され、該被記録材P上の未定着トナー画像tが加熱
加圧され定着されていく。被記録材Pは加熱ニップ部N
を通過するとフィルム3の外面から曲率分離して排出搬
送される。 【0011】以上述べてきた加圧ローラ駆動による加熱
定着装置の被記録材Pを通紙している際の各摩擦力を図
6に模式的に示す。 【0012】フィルム3内面とヒータ1及びヒータホル
ダ2外面との間に摩擦力f1が作用する。被記録材Pの
通過域内の範囲では、フィルム3と被記録材Pとの間に
摩擦力f2が作用し、加圧ローラ11と被記録材Pとの
間に摩擦力f3が作用する。被記録材Pの通過領域外の
範囲では、フィルム3と加圧ローラ11との間に摩擦力
f4が作用する。こうした中で、被記録材Pが正しく搬
送されるためには、以下のような関係が成り立たなけれ
ばならない。 【0013】f1<f2+f4<f3 加圧ローラ11及びフィルム3の外周面は、被記録材P
によって搬送されてくる未定着トナーや紙粉が付着する
のを防止するため、表面層をPFA、FEP等のフッ素
系の材質等のど離型性の高い材質で構成されている。離
型性の高い材質の摩擦係数は一般的に低いため、フィル
ム3を回転させるためのf2+f4の力はなかなか大き
くできなかった。よって、従来は摩擦力f1を小さくす
るため、ヒータ1とフィルム3との間の低摩擦化を図
り、ヒータ1の表面に低摩擦層をコーティングしたり、
摺動用のグリスを塗布したりしていた。 【0014】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、例えば表面
性が良くて平滑な被記録材Pを高温・高湿環境下で通紙
すると、摩擦力f2の値が極端に小さくなり、 f1>f2+f4 という力関係になり、フィルム3が正しく摺動回転しな
いでフィルム3と被記録材Pとの間で滑りが生じて画像
に大きな乱れが生じてしまうという問題があった。 【0015】又、摩擦力f1を小さくするための低摩擦
層のコーティングや摺動用のグリスは耐久が進んでいく
と大きくなっていき、場合によっては、 f1>f2+f4 という力関係になり、同様に、フィルム3が正しく摺動
回転しないでフィルム3と被記録材Pとの間ですべりが
生じて画像に大きな乱れが生じてしまうことが起きてし
まう。又、被記録材Pのシワが発生するという問題も発
生してしまう。 【0016】以上の問題を解決するために、f4の値を
大きくして、力関係の逆転が生じないような方法が特開
平6−348156号公報に提案されている。これによ
ると、加圧ローラの最大通紙領域内の表面層には離型層
を設けているが、最大通紙領域外の部分は離型層を設け
ないでゴム層を露出しているゴム層露出部を設けること
によって、ゴム層露出部と接するフィルム部との摩擦力
f4を大きくしてフィルム3が正しく摺動回転し、画像
の乱れがない安定した加熱定着装置を実現できる。 【0017】しかし、上記加熱定着装置において、特に
加圧ローラにおいては、製法上、離型層とゴム露出部を
形成するには、ゴム露出部となるゴム素地に対してマス
キングを施して、その上から離型層をスプレー等により
塗布して形成するようになっている。その際、離型層と
露出部との境であるマスキング端部には不可避的にスプ
レー溜りができてしまうため、離型層の不均一な部分が
発生するという問題があった。 【0018】又、ゴム露出部との境である離型層端部は
耐久が進んでいくと、裂けや剥がれが生じ、本来離型層
が必要な部分もゴムが露出してしまうことになり、トナ
ー付着や紙粉付着等の問題が発生してしまう。これとは
別に、ゴム露出部に相当する部分を別部材で形成する場
合は、上記のような問題は発生しないが、別部材取り付
けの工程の追加、コストアップという問題が生じてしま
う。 【0019】本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたもの
で、その目的とする処は、耐熱性フィルムと被加熱材と
の間のスリップの発生を防いで安定したフィルム搬送を
行うことができる加熱定着装置を提供することにある。 【0020】 【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、エンドレスベルト状の耐熱性フィルム
と、該耐熱性フィルムの内側に配設された加熱体と、該
加熱体との間に前記耐熱性フィルムを挟んで圧接ニップ
部を形成し、且つ、フィルム内面を加熱体面に摺動させ
つつフィルムを所定の速度で被加熱材搬送方向へ回転駆
動させる加圧回転体を有し、前記圧接ニップ部のフィル
ムの外面と加圧回転体との間に被加熱材を導入してフィ
ルムと一緒に圧接ニップ部を移動通過させることにより
加熱体の熱エネルギーをフィルムを介して被加熱材に付
与するフィルム加熱方式の加熱定着装置において、前記
加圧回転体の被加熱材の通過最大領域外側近傍の両側に
該加圧回転体の外径より一段小さくなった逃げ部領域を
設け、該加圧回転体表面の被加熱材の通過領域に設けら
れた離型層となるコーティング層の端部を前記逃げ部に
位置せしめ、前記逃げ部の両外側の加圧回転体表面の摩
擦係数を前記コーティング層のそれよりも高くしたこと
を特徴とする。 【0021】 【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の実施の形態を添付
図面に基づいて説明する。 【0022】図1は本発明に係る加熱定着装置要部の破
断正面図、図2は加圧回転体である加圧ローラの一部拡
大図、図3は本発明に係る加熱定着装置要部の横断面
図、図4は圧接ニップ部の拡大横断面図である。 【0023】図1において、24,25は装置シャーシ
の左右の側板であり、加圧ローラ11はその芯金軸11
dの両端部をそれぞれ軸受26,27を介して該左右の
側板24,25間に回転自由に支持して配設されてい
る。12は加圧ローラ11の芯金軸11dの端部に設け
られた歯車であり、この歯車12に駆動源Mから回転力
が伝達されることによって加圧ローラ11の回転駆動が
なされる。 【0024】加熱体であるヒータ1は、低熱容量の板状
加熱体であって、図4の拡大図に示すように、一例とし
て厚み0.7mm、幅8mm、長さ310mmの熱伝導
性良好なセラミックから成るアルミナ基板1aと、その
表面に長手に沿って通電発熱抵抗材料を幅2mmの細帯
状に折り返し、パターンで塗工して形成した発熱体層1
bを基本構成とするものである。本実施の形態では、ヒ
ータ1と定着フィルム3との摩擦係数を下げるためにヒ
ータ1表面にガラスコート層1cを設けるとともに、ヒ
ータ1表面に耐熱性グリスを塗布してヒータ1と定着フ
ィルム3との摺動性を良くしている。 【0025】ヒータホルダ2は剛性・耐熱性を有する部
材であり、本例のものは横断面略半円状桶型の横長部材
であり、前記ヒータ1は該ヒーターホルダ2の下面に長
手に沿って形成具備させたヒータ嵌め込み溝2a内に嵌
め込んで固定支持されている。補強ステー4は横断面下
向きU字型の横長の剛性部材であり、横断面略半円状桶
型のヒータホルダ2の内側に載置して配設されている。 【0026】30,31は補強ステー4の両端部に取り
付いたフィルム3の端面を規制すると同時にフィルム3
の搬送を安定化するためのガイドも兼ねている定着フラ
ンジである。 【0027】前記ヒータ1、ヒータホルダ2、補強ステ
ー4、定着フランジ30,31、定着フィルム3から成
る加熱アセンブリ10を、加圧ローラ11の上側におい
て、左右側板24,25の外側に加熱アセンブリ10の
両端部が突出させた状態になるように配置する。そし
て、左右側板24,25の上辺の外方折り曲げ部24
a,25aと定着フランジ30,31のバネ受け面30
a,31aとの間に加圧バネ32,33をそれぞれ縮設
する。これにより、加熱アセンブリ10に押し下げ力が
働き、定着フランジ30,31、補強ステー4、ヒータ
ホルダ2を介してヒータ1が定着フィルム3を挟んで加
圧ローラ11の上面に総圧10kgf程度で圧接して圧
接ニップ部Nが形成された状態に保たれる。 【0028】定着フィルム3は、図4の拡大図に示すよ
うに、例えばポリイミド等の耐熱ベースフィルム3c
に、離型層3aと耐熱ベースフィルム3cとの接着を強
固にするためのプライマー層3bがコートされ、表面に
離型層3aのPTFEがコートされており、総厚64μ
mで定着フィルム3を構成している。 【0029】ヒータ1は、発熱体層1bの端部より商用
電源が通電されることによって該発熱体層1bの発熱で
急速昇温する。該発熱体層1bに対する通電が不図示の
制御系で制御されることにより、ヒータ1の温度が所定
の温度に制御される。このようにヒータ1が所定の定着
温度に温調された状態において、定着ニップNの加圧ロ
ーラ11と定着フィルム3との間に未定着トナー画像t
を有する被加熱材としての被記録材Pが挟持搬送される
ことにより、ヒータ1の熱が定着フィルム3を介して被
記録材Pに付与されてトナー画像tが被記録材Pに加熱
定着される。 【0030】ここで、本発明の最大の特徴である加圧ロ
ーラ11について説明する。 【0031】加圧ローラ11は芯金軸11dに同心一体
にローラ状にゴム層11aを形成している。このゴム層
11aは、耐熱性の高いゴム材料から構成されており、
本実施の形態では、ゴム硬度50°の液状シリコンゴム
から成り、外径φ22mm、全長260mmの外形寸法
となっている。又、最大通紙幅である216mmから外
側へ各3mmの箇所に幅4mmで加圧ローラ11の外径
より5mm小さくなった逃げ部11eが設けられてい
る。この上で、この両側の逃げ部11e間の加圧ローラ
11表面には離型層11bが形成される。この離型層1
1bは、フッ素ゴムにFEPを分散させた材料をコーテ
ィングして形成している。 【0032】このとき、図2の拡大図に示すように、逃
げ部11eに離型層11bの端部が位置するため、離型
層11bの領域の端面部にも離型層11bが回り込み、
そのため、離型層11bのエッジ部が加圧ローラ11の
外径部である摺動部には存在しないため、使用するに連
れての離型層11bの剥がれや裂けが起こり得ず、必要
な領域の離型層11bが確保される。 【0033】又、作製上のマスキングの境に起こるスプ
レー溜りによる離形層11bの不均一な部分も一段小さ
くなった逃げ部11eにて吸収し、摺動部である外径部
には出てこないため、安定した性能の加圧ローラ11が
確保できる。 【0034】一方、逃げ部11eの両外側の幅15m
m、外径φ22mmの部分は離型層11bを設けないゴ
ム層11aが露出したゴム層露出部Dが設けられてい
る。ここで、ゴム露出部Dは、摩擦係数(動摩擦係数、
静摩擦係数共に)が高いため、前記定着フィルム3の外
周面との摩擦力によるf4を大きく確保することができ
る。そのため、圧接ニップ部Nでの被記録材Pの通紙に
おける正しい力関係: f1<f2+f4<f3 の関係は、f2が低下したり、f1が増加したりして
も、逆転することなく保たれる。従って、定着フィルム
3と被記録材Pとのスリップがなく、安定したフィルム
搬送が行われ、定着画像の汚れや記録材のシワ等の画像
不良の発生を防ぐことができる。そして、以上のことを
一体の加圧ローラ11にて実現できるため、別部材の追
加や工程の追加等のコストアップもない。 【0035】尚、本実施の形態においては、離型層をス
プレー等で表面にコーティングするような系で説明した
が、これとは別に、製造後、離型層の端部が逃げ部に存
在するようなものであれば何であっても良く、例えば離
型層にPFA等の離型性の高いチューブ等で構成してあ
っても同様の効果が得られる。 【0036】 【発明の効果】以上の説明で明らかなように、本発明に
よれば、エンドレスベルト状の耐熱性フィルムと、該耐
熱性フィルムの内側に配設された加熱体と、該加熱体と
の間に前記耐熱性フィルムを挟んで圧接ニップ部を形成
し、且つ、フィルム内面を加熱体面に摺動させつつフィ
ルムを所定の速度で被加熱材搬送方向へ回転駆動させる
加圧回転体を有し、前記圧接ニップ部のフィルムの外面
と加圧回転体との間に被加熱材を導入してフィルムと一
緒に圧接ニップ部を移動通過させることにより加熱体の
熱エネルギーをフィルムを介して被加熱材に付与するフ
ィルム加熱方式の加熱定着装置において、前記加圧回転
体の被加熱材の通過最大領域外側近傍の両側に該加圧回
転体の外径より一段小さくなった逃げ部領域を設け、該
加圧回転体表面の被加熱材の通過領域に設けられた離型
層となるコーティング層の端部を前記逃げ部に位置せし
め、前記逃げ部の両外側の加圧回転体表面の摩擦係数を
前記コーティング層のそれよりも高くしたため、耐熱性
フィルムと被加熱材との間のスリップの発生を防いで安
定したフィルム搬送を行うことができるという効果が得
られる。
Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating element (thermal heater) and a heat-resistant film that slides and travels in close contact with the heating element. The heat-fixing device of the film heating type, in which the material to be heated is brought into close contact with the heating body through the press-contact nip together with the film and the thermal energy of the heating body is applied to the material to be heated through the film. is there. 2. Description of the Related Art A heat fixing device used in an image forming apparatus such as a printer, a copying machine, a recording apparatus, a facsimile or an image recording apparatus, that is, a target image on a recording material in a recording unit such as an electrophotographic apparatus. For a device that forms and carries an unfixed image corresponding to information and heats and fixes the unfixed image, as a method with high heat transfer efficiency and quick start-up of the device, a fixedly supported low heat capacity thermal heater as a heating element, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 63-313182, 2-157778, and 4-440 disclose a heat fixing device of a film heating system using a thin film sliding with a heater.
75-44083, JP-A-4-20498-0-2
No. 04984 has been proposed. More specifically, a heat-resistant film is brought into contact with a substantially flat heating body and moved, and an image should be fixed from a recording unit to a press-contact portion formed between the heating body and the pressing rotator of the film. The recording material having an unfixed image is supplied, the press-contact portion is nipped and conveyed by the driving force of the pressure rotating body, and the unfixed image is heated and fixed on the recording material by the heat of the heating body. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an example of a film heating type image heating device (heating fixing device). [0004] The apparatus shown in FIG.
This is a heat fixing device of a film heating type, a pressure roller driving type, and a tensionless type using a cylindrical film disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 44083. 10 is a heating assembly, which is a ceramic heater 1 as a heating body,
It comprises a heater holder 2, a cylindrical heat-resistant film (fixing film) 3, a reinforcing stay 4, and the like. The ceramic heater 1 as a heating element is an elongated flat plate-shaped member having a low heat capacity and having a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the drawing in FIG. [0005] The heater holder 2 is a member having rigidity and heat resistance. The heater holder 2 of this embodiment is an oblong member having a substantially semicircular trough-shaped cross section. It is fitted and fixedly supported in the formed heater fitting groove 2a. The reinforcement stay 4 is a U-shaped horizontally-long rigid member having a downward cross-section, and is disposed inside the heater holder 2 having a substantially semicircular trough-shaped cross-section. The cylindrical film 3 is loosely fitted around the assembly of the heater 1, the heater holder 2, and the reinforcing stay 4 with a margin in the circumferential length. In order to improve the quick start property by reducing the heat capacity,
Usually, PTFE, PF
Film thickness of 10 coated with A, FEP, etc. as release layer
It is composed of a composite layer film having a thickness of 0 μm or less and having both heat resistance, release property and durability. Reference numeral 11 denotes an elastic pressure roller as a pressure member, which comprises a metal core and a heat-resistant rubber elastic layer such as silicon rubber provided on the outside thereof. This pressure roller 11
The shafts at both ends are rotatably supported by bearings, and a heating assembly 10 including the heater 1, the heater holder 2, the film 3, the reinforcing stay 4, and the like is provided above the pressure roller 11 on the heater 1 side. Facing down with
By pressing both ends of the reinforcing stay 4 downward with a pressure spring member (not shown), the lower surface of the heater 1 and the pressure roller 11 are sandwiched by the film 3 so that the elasticity of the pressure roller 11 is maintained. To form a heating nip portion (fixing nip portion) N having a predetermined width. The pressure roller 11 receives a driving force from a drive source M and is driven to rotate at a predetermined peripheral speed in the direction of the arrow R (counterclockwise) in the figure (pressure roller drive). A rotational force acts on the film 3 by the frictional contact between the outer surface of the roller 11 and the outer surface of the film 3 at the heating nip portion N due to the rotation of the pressure roller 11, and the inner surface of the film 3 has the heating nip portion N At the same time, the outer periphery of the heater holder 2 is driven and rotated in the direction of arrow a (clockwise) at a peripheral speed substantially corresponding to the rotational peripheral speed of the pressure roller 11 while sliding in close contact with the downward surface of the heater 1. . The heater holder 2 also serves as a rotation guide member for the cylindrical film 3. In this case, the cylindrical film 3 that is driven to rotate around the outer periphery of the heater holder 2 is in a tension-free state (a state in which no tension is applied) at the film portions other than the nip portion N having a peripheral length and the film portion in the vicinity thereof. [0009] In addition, the shift of the heater holder 2 along the longitudinal direction caused by the rotation of the film 3 is such that the end of the film 3 is received on the inner surface of a flange member (not shown) provided at the end of the heater holder 2. Be regulated. Thus, the pressure roller 11 is driven to rotate,
Accordingly, the cylindrical film 3 is driven to rotate around the outer periphery of the heater holder 2, the power is supplied to the heater 1, and the heat generated by the heater 1 raises the temperature of the heating nip portion N to a predetermined temperature and regulates the temperature. Then, a recording member P such as paper having an unfixed visible image (unfixed toner image) t formed and carried in the heating nip portion N is introduced. The heating nip portion N is conveyed while being closely attached to the outer surface of the film 3 together with the film 3. In the process of nipping and transporting the recording material P, the heat of the heater 1 is applied to the recording material P via the film 3, and the unfixed toner image t on the recording material P is heated and pressed to be fixed. . The recording material P is heated nip N
, The film 3 is discharged and conveyed with a curvature separated from the outer surface of the film 3. FIG. 6 schematically shows each frictional force when the recording material P of the heat fixing device driven by the pressure roller described above is passed through the recording material P. A frictional force f1 acts between the inner surface of the film 3 and the outer surfaces of the heater 1 and the heater holder 2. In the range within the passage area of the recording material P, a frictional force f2 acts between the film 3 and the recording material P, and a frictional force f3 acts between the pressure roller 11 and the recording material P. In a range outside the passage area of the recording material P, a frictional force f4 acts between the film 3 and the pressure roller 11. Under these circumstances, the following relationship must be established for the recording material P to be conveyed correctly. F1 <f2 + f4 <f3 The outer peripheral surfaces of the pressure roller 11 and the film 3 are
In order to prevent unfixed toner and paper powder conveyed from being adhered, the surface layer is made of a material having a high releasability, such as a fluorine-based material such as PFA or FEP. Since the coefficient of friction of a material having high releasability is generally low, the force of f2 + f4 for rotating the film 3 cannot be easily increased. Therefore, conventionally, in order to reduce the friction force f1, the friction between the heater 1 and the film 3 is reduced, and the surface of the heater 1 is coated with a low friction layer.
Grease for sliding was applied. However, for example, when a smooth recording material P having a good surface property is passed under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the value of the frictional force f2 becomes extremely small, and f1 > F2 + f4, and there is a problem that the film 3 does not slide and rotate properly and slips between the film 3 and the recording material P to cause a large disturbance in an image. Further, the coating of the low-friction layer for reducing the frictional force f1 and the grease for sliding increase as durability increases, and in some cases, the force relationship f1> f2 + f4. If the film 3 does not slide and rotate correctly, a slip may occur between the film 3 and the recording material P, causing a large disturbance in the image. Further, a problem that wrinkles of the recording material P occur also occurs. In order to solve the above problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-348156 proposes a method in which the value of f4 is increased so that the reversal of the force relationship does not occur. According to this, the release layer is provided on the surface layer within the maximum paper passing area of the pressure roller, but the rubber layer is exposed on the portion outside the maximum paper passing area without the release layer. By providing the exposed layer portion, the frictional force f4 between the exposed portion of the rubber layer and the film portion in contact with the exposed portion is increased, so that the film 3 can be slid and rotated correctly, and a stable heat fixing device without image disturbance can be realized. However, in the above-mentioned heat fixing device, particularly in the case of a pressure roller, in order to form a release layer and a rubber exposed portion in a manufacturing method, masking is performed on a rubber base material to be a rubber exposed portion, A release layer is applied by spraying or the like from above. At that time, there is a problem that a spray pool is inevitably formed at a masking end portion which is a boundary between the release layer and the exposed portion, so that an uneven portion of the release layer occurs. Further, as the endurance of the release layer, which is the boundary with the rubber exposed portion, is advanced, the tear or peeling occurs, and the rubber is also exposed at the portion where the release layer is originally required. This causes problems such as toner adhesion and paper powder adhesion. Apart from this, when the portion corresponding to the rubber exposed portion is formed by another member, the above-described problem does not occur, but a problem of adding a step of attaching another member and increasing the cost occurs. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to provide a heating device capable of preventing the occurrence of slip between a heat-resistant film and a material to be heated and performing a stable film conveyance. An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing device. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an endless belt-shaped heat-resistant film, a heating element provided inside the heat-resistant film, and a heating element. A pressure rotator that forms a pressure contact nip portion with the heat-resistant film interposed therebetween, and that drives the film to rotate in the heated material transport direction at a predetermined speed while sliding the inner surface of the film against the surface of the heated body. The heat energy of the heating body is transferred through the film by introducing a material to be heated between the outer surface of the film of the press-contact nip portion and the pressurizing rotating body and moving and passing the press-contact nip portion together with the film. In the heat fixing device of a film heating type applied to a material to be heated, a relief portion region that is one step smaller than the outer diameter of the pressure rotating body is provided on both sides near the outside of a maximum passage area of the material to be heated of the pressure rotating body. Provided, The end of the coating layer, which is a release layer provided in the passage area of the material to be heated on the surface of the pressurizing rotator, is located at the relief portion, and the friction coefficient of the pressurizing rotator surface on both outer sides of the relief portion is determined. The height of the coating layer is higher than that of the coating layer. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded front view of a main part of a heat fixing device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a pressure roller as a pressing rotary member, and FIG. 3 is a main part of the heat fixing device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the press-contact nip portion. In FIG. 1, reference numerals 24 and 25 denote left and right side plates of the apparatus chassis.
d is rotatably supported between the left and right side plates 24 and 25 via bearings 26 and 27, respectively. Reference numeral 12 denotes a gear provided at the end of the core shaft 11d of the pressure roller 11, and the rotation of the pressure roller 11 is performed by transmitting a rotational force from a drive source M to the gear 12. The heater 1, which is a heating element, is a plate-shaped heating element having a low heat capacity. As shown in an enlarged view of FIG. 4, the heater 1 has a good thermal conductivity of 0.7 mm in thickness, 8 mm in width, and 310 mm in length. Alumina substrate 1a made of a simple ceramic, and a heating element layer 1 formed by folding a current-generating resistor material along the length of the alumina substrate 1a into a narrow band having a width of 2 mm and applying a pattern.
b is a basic configuration. In the present embodiment, a glass coat layer 1c is provided on the surface of the heater 1 in order to reduce the coefficient of friction between the heater 1 and the fixing film 3, and heat-resistant grease is applied to the surface of the heater 1 to make the heater 1, the fixing film 3 Slidability is improved. The heater holder 2 is a member having rigidity and heat resistance. In this embodiment, the heater 1 is a horizontally elongated member having a substantially semicircular trough-shaped cross section. It is fitted and fixedly supported in the formed heater fitting groove 2a. The reinforcing stay 4 is a U-shaped horizontally-long rigid member having a downward cross-section, and is placed inside the heater holder 2 having a substantially semicircular trough-shaped cross-section. Numerals 30 and 31 regulate the end faces of the film 3 attached to both ends of the reinforcing stay 4 and simultaneously
Is a fixing flange which also serves as a guide for stabilizing the conveyance of the sheet. The heating assembly 10 comprising the heater 1, the heater holder 2, the reinforcing stay 4, the fixing flanges 30, 31, and the fixing film 3 is placed above the pressing roller 11 and outside the left and right side plates 24, 25. Arrange so that both ends protrude. Then, the outer bent portions 24 on the upper sides of the left and right side plates 24, 25
a, 25a and spring receiving surfaces 30 of fixing flanges 30, 31
The pressure springs 32 and 33 are respectively contracted between the pressure springs a and 31a. As a result, a pressing force acts on the heating assembly 10, and the heater 1 is pressed against the upper surface of the pressure roller 11 with the total pressure of about 10 kgf via the fixing flanges 30 and 31, the reinforcing stay 4, and the heater holder 2 with the fixing film 3 interposed therebetween. As a result, the press-contact nip portion N is maintained. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 4, the fixing film 3 is made of a heat-resistant base film 3c made of, for example, polyimide.
Is coated with a primer layer 3b for strengthening the adhesion between the release layer 3a and the heat-resistant base film 3c, and the surface thereof is coated with PTFE of the release layer 3a.
m constitutes the fixing film 3. The heater 1 rapidly rises in temperature due to the heat generated by the heating element layer 1b when commercial power is supplied from the end of the heating element layer 1b. The temperature of the heater 1 is controlled to a predetermined temperature by controlling the energization of the heating element layer 1b by a control system (not shown). In the state where the temperature of the heater 1 is adjusted to the predetermined fixing temperature, the unfixed toner image t
When the recording material P as a material to be heated is sandwiched and conveyed, the heat of the heater 1 is applied to the recording material P via the fixing film 3 and the toner image t is heated and fixed to the recording material P. You. Here, the pressure roller 11 which is the most important feature of the present invention will be described. The pressure roller 11 has a rubber layer 11a formed in a roller shape concentrically and integrally with the core shaft 11d. The rubber layer 11a is made of a rubber material having high heat resistance.
In the present embodiment, it is made of liquid silicone rubber having a rubber hardness of 50 °, and has an outer diameter φ22 mm and an overall length of 260 mm. A relief portion 11e having a width of 4 mm and a size smaller by 5 mm than the outer diameter of the pressure roller 11 is provided at a position 3 mm outward from the maximum paper passing width of 216 mm. Then, a release layer 11b is formed on the surface of the pressure roller 11 between the escape portions 11e on both sides. This release layer 1
1b is formed by coating a material in which FEP is dispersed in fluororubber. At this time, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, since the end of the release layer 11b is located at the escape portion 11e, the release layer 11b wraps around the end surface of the region of the release layer 11b.
Therefore, since the edge portion of the release layer 11b does not exist in the sliding portion, which is the outer diameter portion of the pressure roller 11, the release layer 11b cannot be peeled or torn with use, so that the necessary The release layer 11b in the region is secured. Further, the uneven portion of the release layer 11b due to the spray pool generated at the boundary of the masking in the production is absorbed by the relief portion 11e which has become smaller by one step, and is projected to the outer diameter portion which is a sliding portion. Therefore, the pressure roller 11 having stable performance can be secured. On the other hand, the width 15 m on both outer sides of the escape portion 11 e
m, a rubber layer exposed portion D where the rubber layer 11a without the release layer 11b is exposed is provided in a portion having an outer diameter of φ22 mm. Here, the rubber exposed portion D has a friction coefficient (dynamic friction coefficient,
Since both static friction coefficients are high, f4 due to the frictional force with the outer peripheral surface of the fixing film 3 can be largely secured. Therefore, the correct force relationship when the recording material P is passed through the press-contact nip portion N: f1 <f2 + f4 <f3 is maintained without reversing even if f2 decreases or f1 increases. It is. Therefore, there is no slip between the fixing film 3 and the recording material P, and the film is stably transported, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of image defects such as stains on the fixed image and wrinkles of the recording material. And since the above-mentioned thing can be implement | achieved by the integral pressure roller 11, there is no cost increase, such as addition of another member and addition of a process. In this embodiment, a system in which the release layer is coated on the surface by spraying or the like has been described. Alternatively, after manufacture, the end of the release layer may be present in the escape portion. The same effect can be obtained even if the release layer is formed of a tube having high releasability such as PFA in the release layer. As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, an endless belt-shaped heat-resistant film, a heating element disposed inside the heat-resistant film, and a heating element And a pressing rotator that forms a pressure contact nip portion with the heat-resistant film interposed therebetween, and that rotates the film in a direction of conveying the material to be heated at a predetermined speed while sliding the inner surface of the film against the surface of the heating member. The heat energy of the heating element is transferred through the film by introducing a material to be heated between the outer surface of the film of the press-contact nip portion and the pressurizing rotary body and moving and passing the press-contact nip portion together with the film. In the heating and fixing device of a film heating method applied to a material to be heated, a relief portion area one step smaller than the outer diameter of the pressure rotating body is provided on both sides near the outside of a maximum area of the pressure rotating body through which the material to be heated passes. Provided, the pressurization An end of a coating layer serving as a release layer provided in a passage area of the material to be heated on the surface of the rotating body is positioned at the relief portion, and the friction coefficient of the pressurized rotating body surface on both outer sides of the relief portion is determined by the coating. Since the height is higher than that of the layer, an effect is obtained that the film can be stably transported while preventing the occurrence of slip between the heat-resistant film and the material to be heated.

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図1】本発明に係る加熱定着装置要部の破断正面図で
ある。 【図2】本発明に係る加熱定着装置の加圧回転体である
加圧ローラの一部拡大図である。 【図3】本発明に係る加熱定着装置要部の横断面図であ
る。 【図4】本発明に係る加熱定着装置の圧接ニップ部の拡
大横断面図である。 【図5】従来の加熱定着装置要部の横断面図である。 【図6】加圧ローラ駆動による加熱定着装置の各摩擦力
の関係を示す図である。 【符号の説明】 1 ヒータ 2 ヒータホルダ 3 定着フィルム 11 加圧ローラ 11a ゴム層 11b 離型層 11e 逃げ部 C 最大通紙幅 D ゴム層露出部 N 圧接ニップ部 P 被記録材
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cutaway front view of a main part of a heat fixing device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a pressure roller as a pressure rotating body of the heat fixing device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of the heat fixing device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a pressure nip portion of the heat fixing device according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a conventional heat fixing device. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between frictional forces of a heat fixing device driven by a pressure roller. [Description of Signs] 1 Heater 2 Heater holder 3 Fixing film 11 Pressure roller 11a Rubber layer 11b Release layer 11e Escape portion C Maximum paper passing width D Rubber layer exposed portion N Press-contact nip portion P Recording material

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項1】 エンドレスベルト状の耐熱性フィルム
と、該耐熱性フィルムの内側に配設された加熱体と、該
加熱体との間に前記耐熱性フィルムを挟んで圧接ニップ
部を形成し、且つ、フィルム内面を加熱体面に摺動させ
つつフィルムを所定の速度で被加熱材搬送方向へ回転駆
動させる加圧回転体を有し、前記圧接ニップ部のフィル
ムの外面と加圧回転体との間に被加熱材を導入してフィ
ルムと一緒に圧接ニップ部を移動通過させることにより
加熱体の熱エネルギーをフィルムを介して被加熱材に付
与するフィルム加熱方式の加熱定着装置において、 前記加圧回転体の被加熱材の通過最大領域外側近傍の両
側に該加圧回転体の外径より一段小さくなった逃げ部領
域を設け、該加圧回転体表面の被加熱材の通過領域に設
けられた離型層となるコーティング層の端部を前記逃げ
部に位置せしめ、前記逃げ部の両外側の加圧回転体表面
の摩擦係数を前記コーティング層のそれよりも高くした
ことを特徴とする加熱定着装置。
Claims: 1. An endless belt-shaped heat-resistant film, a heating element disposed inside the heat-resistant film, and pressure contact between the heating element and the heating element. Forming a nip portion, and, having a pressure rotating body to rotate the film at a predetermined speed in the conveying direction of the material to be heated while sliding the inner surface of the film against the surface of the heating body, the outer surface of the film of the press-contact nip portion and A heat-fixing method of a film heating type in which a heat-receiving material is introduced between the pressure rotating body and the film is moved and passed through the press-contact nip portion together with the film to apply heat energy of the heating body to the heat-receiving material via the film. In the apparatus, on both sides near the outside of the maximum area of the pressurized rotating body through which the material to be heated passes, there is provided a relief portion area one step smaller than the outer diameter of the pressurized rotating body, and the heated material on the surface of the pressurized rotating body is provided. Provided in the passage area of The end portion of the coating layer serving as the release layer is located at the relief portion, and the friction coefficient of the surface of the pressurized rotating body on both outer sides of the relief portion is higher than that of the coating layer. Fixing device.
JP2001268383A 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Heat fixing device Withdrawn JP2003076192A (en)

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JP2001268383A JP2003076192A (en) 2001-09-05 2001-09-05 Heat fixing device

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Publication Number Publication Date
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ID=19094375

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Link
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005316364A (en) * 2004-04-01 2005-11-10 Oki Data Corp Fixing device, image forming apparatus, and belt
JP2007011192A (en) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-18 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP2014032323A (en) * 2012-08-03 2014-02-20 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd Pressure roller, fixing device, and image forming device
JP2014098817A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-29 Ricoh Co Ltd Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus
CN108024756A (en) * 2015-09-30 2018-05-11 3M创新有限公司 For optimizing body and the system and method for object interaction
US10838332B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2020-11-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image heating device

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JP2005316364A (en) * 2004-04-01 2005-11-10 Oki Data Corp Fixing device, image forming apparatus, and belt
JP4597641B2 (en) * 2004-04-01 2010-12-15 株式会社沖データ Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus
JP2007011192A (en) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-18 Konica Minolta Business Technologies Inc Fixing device and image forming apparatus
JP2014032323A (en) * 2012-08-03 2014-02-20 Shin Etsu Polymer Co Ltd Pressure roller, fixing device, and image forming device
JP2014098817A (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-29 Ricoh Co Ltd Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus
CN108024756A (en) * 2015-09-30 2018-05-11 3M创新有限公司 For optimizing body and the system and method for object interaction
US10838332B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2020-11-17 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image heating device

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