JP2003048077A - METHOD FOR JOINING Al OR Al ALLOY MEMBER - Google Patents
METHOD FOR JOINING Al OR Al ALLOY MEMBERInfo
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- JP2003048077A JP2003048077A JP2001232518A JP2001232518A JP2003048077A JP 2003048077 A JP2003048077 A JP 2003048077A JP 2001232518 A JP2001232518 A JP 2001232518A JP 2001232518 A JP2001232518 A JP 2001232518A JP 2003048077 A JP2003048077 A JP 2003048077A
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- joining
- joined
- flux
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ＡｌまたはＡｌ合
金部材（以下、単にＡｌ部材ということがある）と金属
部材の接合法に関し、特に自動車等の輸送機関や電気製
品等において、ＡｌまたはＡｌ合金を構成素材として含
む部材を、ＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材またはその他の金属
部材と接合する際に適用される改善された接合法に関す
るものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for joining an Al or Al alloy member (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as an Al member) and a metal member, and particularly to Al or Al in a transportation system such as an automobile or an electric product. The present invention relates to an improved joining method applied when joining a member containing an alloy as a constituent material to Al or an Al alloy member or another metal member.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】金属部材の接合には古くから抵抗溶接や
ロウ付が広く採用されている。ところがＡｌ部材の接
合、特にＡｌ部材と鉄鋼材料等の異種金属とを接合する
際には、接合界面にＡｌ−Ｆｅ系の脆弱な金属間化合物
が形成されるため、健全な接合継手を得ることは難し
い。2. Description of the Related Art Resistance welding and brazing have been widely used for joining metal members since ancient times. However, when joining Al members, particularly when joining Al members and dissimilar metals such as steel materials, a brittle intermetallic compound of Al-Fe system is formed at the joining interface, so that a sound joining joint is obtained. Is difficult
【０００３】即ち抵抗溶接は、被接合金属部材同士を重
ね合わせ、銅合金の如き導電性電極で両側から挟んで加
圧すると共に、電極間に瞬間的に大電流を流すことによ
って被接合金属部材の界面で抵抗発熱させ、被接合金属
部材表面に存在する酸化皮膜を破壊すると共に母材同士
を溶融接合させることによって行なわれる。しかし、た
とえばＡｌ部材と鉄鋼部材を抵抗溶接する場合には、Ａ
ｌまたはＡｌ合金の熱伝導性が良好であるため発熱は鉄
鋼部材内で起こり、被接合材界面、特にＡｌ部材表面の
酸化皮膜を破壊して十分な接合強度を得るまでには至ら
ない。一方、酸化皮膜を十分に破壊し得る様な高い溶接
電流を採用すると、過大な入熱量によってＡｌ部材と鉄
鋼部材間で金属元素の相互拡散が急激に進行し、接合界
面にＡｌ−Ｆｅ系の脆弱な金属間化合物が生成して接合
強度が劣化する。That is, in resistance welding, metal members to be joined are superposed on each other, sandwiched by conductive electrodes such as copper alloys from both sides to apply pressure, and a large current is momentarily passed between the electrodes to join the metal members to be joined. This is performed by causing resistance heat generation at the interface, destroying the oxide film existing on the surface of the metal member to be joined, and melting and joining the base materials. However, for example, in the case of resistance welding an Al member and a steel member, A
Since the heat conductivity of 1 or Al alloy is good, heat generation occurs in the steel member, and the interface between the materials to be joined, particularly the oxide film on the surface of the Al member, is not destroyed to obtain sufficient joining strength. On the other hand, if a high welding current that can sufficiently destroy the oxide film is adopted, an excessive amount of heat input causes rapid mutual diffusion of the metal element between the Al member and the steel member, and the Al-Fe-based alloy A brittle intermetallic compound is generated and the bonding strength deteriorates.
【０００４】抵抗溶接によるこうした接合不良の問題を
改善するため、たとえば特開平６−３９５５８号公報に
は、被接合部材である鋼の表面に予めＡｌまたはＡｌ合
金をメッキしてから抵抗溶接する方法、また特開平６−
６３７６２号公報には、鉄鋼部材とＡｌ部材のスポット
溶接に適したＦｅ−Ａｌ二層構造の積層インサート材を
介在させて溶接する方法が提案されている。In order to improve such a problem of poor joining due to resistance welding, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-39558 discloses a method in which the surface of steel to be joined is plated with Al or Al alloy in advance and then resistance welding is performed. Also, JP-A-6-
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63762 proposes a method of welding by interposing a laminated insert material having an Fe—Al double-layer structure suitable for spot welding of a steel member and an Al member.
【０００５】他方Ａｌ部材をロウ付する際に、塩化物系
あるいはふっ化物系のフラックスとＡｌ−Ｓｉ系あるい
はＺｎ−Ａｌ系などの低融点共晶合金からなるロウ材を
用いて接合する方法がある。この方法は、フラックスと
ロウ材を加熱溶融させることによって、フラックス中の
ハロゲンイオン（Ｃｌ-、Ｆ-）でＡｌ部材表面の酸化皮
膜を化学的に溶解させると共に、ロウ材で接合界面を接
合させるものである。しかしこの方法は、接合強度がロ
ウ材自身の強度に依存するため高度の接合強度は期待で
きず、適用用途が制限される。しかも、金属（ロウ材）
が溶融状態を経て接合するため接合界面での元素拡散が
避けられず、金属間化合物の形成などもあって十分な接
合強度が得られ難い。On the other hand, when brazing Al members, there is a method of joining by using a brazing material composed of a chloride-based or fluoride-based flux and a low-melting eutectic alloy such as Al-Si-based or Zn-Al-based. is there. This method heats and melts the flux and the brazing material to chemically dissolve the oxide film on the surface of the Al member with halogen ions (Cl − , F − ) in the flux and to bond the bonding interface with the brazing material. It is a thing. However, this method cannot be expected to have a high degree of bonding strength because the bonding strength depends on the strength of the brazing material itself, limiting its application. Moreover, metal (wax material)
However, since the elements are joined after being melted, it is unavoidable to diffuse elements at the joint interface, and it is difficult to obtain sufficient joint strength due to the formation of intermetallic compounds.
【０００６】この改善策として例えば特開２０００−２
６３２４３号公報には、被接合部材間に、亜鉛または銅
と軽合金とを含む共晶合金の如き第三金属部材を介在さ
せ、加熱・加圧することにより溶融反応層を形成すると
共に、母材金属との反応性が低い溶融状態の第三金属部
材を接合部から排出させることにより、金属間化合物の
生成を抑えて高い接合強度を得る方法が提案されてい
る。また特許第２７７７７０７号には、Ａｌ基材やロウ
材中に銅（Ｃｕ）を含有させたりメッキすることによっ
て接合部へ供給し、接合層中のＡｌ母相中に０．５〜
４．８質量％程度の銅を含有せしめた接合体が開示され
ている。As a countermeasure for this, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2
Japanese Patent No. 63243 discloses that a molten reaction layer is formed by interposing a third metal member such as a eutectic alloy containing zinc or copper and a light alloy between members to be joined to form a molten reaction layer and also to form a base material. A method has been proposed in which the generation of intermetallic compounds is suppressed and high bonding strength is obtained by discharging a molten third metal member having a low reactivity with a metal from the bonding portion. Further, in Japanese Patent No. 2777707, an Al base material or a brazing material contains copper (Cu) and is supplied to a joint portion by plating, and 0.5 to 0.5% is contained in an Al mother phase in a joint layer.
A joined body containing about 4.8% by mass of copper is disclosed.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、前述したＡｌ
メッキやＦｅ−Ａｌインサート材を用いる抵抗溶接法で
は、ある程度良好な接合強度は得られるものの、メッキ
処理やインサート材の使用に伴うコストアップが避けら
れず、接合作業も煩雑となる。また亜鉛や銅などの低融
点金属ロウ材を用いるロウ付法は、接合界面で溶融金属
状態を経るため、脆弱な金属間化合物の生成による強度
劣化が避けられず、満足のいく接合強度は得られ難い。However, the above-mentioned Al
Although the resistance welding method using plating or Fe-Al insert material can obtain a good joining strength to some extent, the cost increase due to the plating treatment and the use of the insert material is unavoidable, and the joining work becomes complicated. In addition, the brazing method using a low melting point metal brazing material such as zinc or copper undergoes a molten metal state at the joint interface, so strength deterioration due to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds is unavoidable, and satisfactory joint strength is obtained. It's hard to be beaten.
【０００８】本発明は上記の様な事情に着目してなされ
たものであって、その目的は、接合にロウ材等の溶融金
属を用いることなく、比較的低温で優れた接合強度を得
ることができるＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の接合法を提供
することにある。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to obtain excellent bonding strength at a relatively low temperature without using a molten metal such as a brazing material for bonding. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for joining Al or Al alloy members capable of performing the above.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決すること
のできた本発明に係るＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の接合法
とは、ＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材と被接合金属部材との被
接合部にふっ化物系フラックスを存在させ、該被接合部
を加熱・加圧することにより両部材を接合するところに
要旨を有している。The method of joining an Al or Al alloy member according to the present invention, which has been capable of solving the above-mentioned problems, is a method of forming a fluoride on a joined portion between an Al or Al alloy member and a joined metal member. The main point is to join both members by allowing a system flux to exist and heating and pressurizing the joined parts.
【００１０】この方法によってＡｌ部材の接合を行なう
に当たっては、加熱・加圧時の温度を５００℃以下、よ
り好ましくは３００℃以上、４５０℃以下の範囲で行な
うことが望ましく、また、上記フラックスとしては、ふ
っ化カリウムおよび／またはふっ化セシウムと、ふっ化
アルミニウム、ふっ化亜鉛およびふっ化錫よりなる群か
ら選択される１種以上との混合物または複合化合物を使
用することによって、より確実且つ強固な接合状態を得
ることができるので好ましい。また、加熱方式や加圧方
式については、機構が単純で入熱量や加圧力等の制御性
に優れた抵抗加熱および機械的加圧が望ましい。そして
本発明は、Ａｌ部材同士、或はＡｌ部材と鉄鋼部材の接
合に有効に活用することができ、特にＡｌ部材と鉄鋼部
材の接合に利用すれば、接合界面に脆弱なＡｌ−Ｆｅ系
金属間化合物の生成を生じることなく強固な接合継手を
得ることができるので、特に好ましく利用できる。When joining Al members by this method, it is desirable that the temperature at the time of heating / pressurizing is 500 ° C. or less, more preferably 300 ° C. or more and 450 ° C. or less. Is more reliable and robust by using a mixture or complex compound of potassium fluoride and / or cesium fluoride and one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum fluoride, zinc fluoride and tin fluoride. It is preferable because a good bonding state can be obtained. As for the heating method and the pressurizing method, resistance heating and mechanical pressurization, which have a simple mechanism and are excellent in controllability of the heat input amount and the applied pressure, are desirable. The present invention can be effectively utilized for joining Al members to each other or joining an Al member and a steel member, and particularly when used for joining an Al member and a steel member, an Al-Fe-based metal fragile at a joining interface. Since a strong bonded joint can be obtained without producing intermetallic compounds, it can be used particularly preferably.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明者らは前述した様な従来技
術の下で、接合対象の少なくとも１方にＡｌ部材を使用
する際の接合力強化技術を確立すべく鋭意検討を重ねて
きた。その結果、ふっ化物系フラックスを用いてＡｌ部
材表面に存在する強固な酸化皮膜を化学的に破壊（溶
解）しつつ被接合部を加熱・加圧すれば、強固な接合状
態が得られることを知った。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Under the conventional technique as described above, the present inventors have made earnest studies to establish a technique for strengthening the joining force when an Al member is used for at least one of the joining targets. . As a result, it is possible to obtain a strong bonded state by heating and pressing the bonded parts while chemically destroying (melting) the strong oxide film existing on the surface of the Al member using the fluoride-based flux. Knew.
【００１２】この方法により強固な接合状態が得られる
理由は次の様に考えられる。即ち、Ａｌ部材と被接合金
属部材間にふっ化物系フラックスを介在させて加熱・加
圧すると、該フラックスが接合界面で溶融することによ
りフラックスがＡｌ部材表面の酸化皮膜を溶解する。そ
して溶解した酸化皮膜は、押圧力によって接合界面から
周縁側へ押出されるため被接合界面は活性な金属状態と
なり、比較的低温でも金属−金属結合を形成し強固な接
合状態が形成される。即ちこの方法によれば、接合界面
にロウ材の如き被接合部材以外の金属成分が存在せず、
しかも、接合されるべき母材は金属溶融状態を経ない
か、もしくは溶融領域が接合界面のせいぜい数μｍ厚さ
の範囲に抑えられるので、脆弱なＡｌ−Ｆｅ系金属間化
合物などが接合界面に形成され難く、強固な接合状態が
確保されるものと考えられる。The reason why a strong joining state can be obtained by this method is considered as follows. That is, when a fluoride-based flux is interposed between the Al member and the metal member to be bonded and heated and pressed, the flux melts at the bonding interface, and the flux dissolves the oxide film on the surface of the Al member. Then, the melted oxide film is extruded from the bonding interface to the peripheral side by the pressing force, so that the interface to be bonded becomes an active metal state and forms a metal-metal bond even at a relatively low temperature to form a strong bonding state. That is, according to this method, there is no metal component other than the members to be joined such as a brazing material at the joining interface,
In addition, the base materials to be joined do not go through a molten metal state, or the molten region is suppressed to a range of a few μm thick at the joined interface, so that fragile Al-Fe-based intermetallic compounds, etc. It is considered that it is difficult to form and a strong joint state is secured.
【００１３】ちなみに図１は、該加熱・加圧接合の状況
を示す概念図であり、Ａｌ(またはＡｌ合金)部材１と被
接合金属部材（例えば冷延鋼板など）２とを、ふっ化物
系フラックス３を介して重ね合わせ、加熱・加圧して接
合するときの状況を示している。図示する如くＡｌ部材
１の表面にはＡｌ酸化物系の不動態皮膜４で覆われてい
る（図１の左側図）が、該不動態皮膜４は、加熱により
溶融したフラックス３によって溶解し、該不動態皮膜成
分を溶解したフラックス３は、図１の右側図に示す如く
加圧により接合界面から周縁側へ押出される。その結
果、接合界面では不動態皮膜が溶解除去されて活性面が
露出したＡｌ部材と、同様に表面の酸化物皮膜が除去さ
れて活性面が露出した鉄鋼板の活性面同士が直接接合す
ることになり、活性面同士の拡散接合により比較的低温
で強力な接合が可能となる。しかも、上記加熱・加圧の
条件を適切に制御すれば、両者を比較的低い温度で拡散
接合することができるので、母材金属であるＡｌとＦｅ
を実質的に溶解させることなく、或は溶融量をごく少量
（薄肉）に抑えることができ、加熱温度が低いこととも
相俟って脆弱なＡｌ−Ｆｅ系金属間化合物の生成が可及
的に抑えられ、強度欠陥のない強力な接合状態を得るこ
とができる。Incidentally, FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the state of the heating / pressurizing joining, in which an Al (or Al alloy) member 1 and a metallic member to be joined (for example, a cold rolled steel sheet) 2 are made of a fluoride-based material. The situation is shown when they are superposed with each other via the flux 3 and joined by heating / pressurizing. As shown in the drawing, the surface of the Al member 1 is covered with an Al oxide-based passivation film 4 (left side view in FIG. 1), but the passivation film 4 is dissolved by the flux 3 melted by heating, The flux 3 in which the passivation film component is dissolved is extruded from the bonding interface to the peripheral side by pressure as shown in the right side view of FIG. As a result, the active surface of the Al member having the active surface exposed by dissolving and removing the passive film at the bonding interface and the active surface of the steel sheet having the active surface exposed by similarly removing the oxide film on the surface are directly bonded. Thus, the diffusion bonding of the active surfaces enables strong bonding at a relatively low temperature. Moreover, if the above heating and pressurizing conditions are properly controlled, both can be diffusion-bonded at a relatively low temperature.
It is possible to form a fragile Al-Fe intermetallic compound in combination with the fact that the melting amount can be suppressed to a very small amount (thin wall) without being substantially dissolved and the heating temperature is low. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a strong bonding state without any strength defect.
【００１４】ところで、一般にＡｌ部材をロウ付する際
に用いるフラックスとしては、ＫＣｌ−ＮａＣｌ−Ｌｉ
Ｃｌ系、ＫＣｌ−ＮａＣｌ−ＢａＣｌ2系あるいはＺｎ
Ｃｌ2を主成分とする塩化物系フラックス、あるいはこ
れら塩化物とふっ化物の混合フラックスが用いられてい
る。ところが塩化物系フラックスを使用すると、チリが
発生し易いばかりでなく、満足のいく接合強度も得られ
難い。これは、加熱・加圧によって瞬時に接合する本発
明の方法では、Ａｌ酸化皮膜の破壊時に生成した昇華性
の塩化アルミニウムがチリ発生の原因になると共に、一
部は接合部に残存してブローホールの原因となり、接合
強度を低下させるためと考えられる。By the way, generally, a flux used when brazing an Al member is KCl-NaCl-Li.
Cl system, KCl-NaCl-BaCl 2 system or Zn
A chloride-based flux containing Cl 2 as a main component or a mixed flux of these chlorides and fluorides is used. However, when the chloride-based flux is used, not only is dust easily generated, but also it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory joint strength. This is because in the method of the present invention, in which the material is instantly joined by heating and pressurization, the sublimable aluminum chloride generated at the time of breaking the Al oxide film causes dust generation, and part of it remains in the joint portion and blows. This is considered to cause holes and reduce the bonding strength.
【００１５】これに対し本発明では、フラックスとし
て、ＫＦ−ＡｌＦ3系、ＫＦ−ＺｎＦ2系、ＫＦ−ＳｉＦ
4系、Ｃｓ−ＡｌＦ3系などのふっ化物系フラックスが使
用される。これらふっ化物系フラックスのうち、ＡｌＦ
3を含むフラックスは、該フラックスの融点以上に加熱
すると、フラックス中のフッ素イオンがＡｌ部材表面に
存在する酸化皮膜を破壊（溶解）してフラックス中に溶
け込ませるので、この状態で圧力が加わると、フラック
スは酸化皮膜を伴って溶融状態で被接合界面から周縁方
向に排斥される。On the other hand, in the present invention, as the flux, KF-AlF 3 system, KF-ZnF 2 system, KF-SiF system are used.
Fluoride-based fluxes such as 4 series and Cs-AlF 3 series are used. Of these fluoride-based fluxes, AlF
When the flux containing 3 is heated above the melting point of the flux, the fluorine ions in the flux destroy (dissolve) the oxide film existing on the Al member surface and dissolve into the flux, so if pressure is applied in this state The flux is removed along with the oxide film in the molten state from the interface to be joined in the peripheral direction.
【００１６】また、ＺｎＦ2やＳｉＦ4の如くＡｌよりも
イオン化傾向の小さい元素のふっ化物は、加熱によるこ
れらの元素とＡｌ部材との置換反応によってフラックス
組成がＡｌＦ3を含むものへと変化し、フラックス自身
の融点が降下する。そのため、初期フラックスの融点よ
り低い加熱温度でも溶融状態が確保され、ＡｌＦ3系の
フラックスと同様の酸化皮膜の破壊（溶解）と、接合界
面からの排斥効果が発揮されるのである。Fluorides of elements such as ZnF 2 and SiF 4 which have a smaller ionization tendency than Al change their flux composition to those containing AlF 3 by the substitution reaction of these elements with the Al member by heating. , The melting point of the flux itself drops. Therefore, the molten state is ensured even at a heating temperature lower than the melting point of the initial flux, and the same destruction (dissolution) of the oxide film as AlF 3 -based flux and the repulsion effect from the bonding interface are exhibited.
【００１７】即ちＡｌＦ3系フラックスは、融点以上の
温度に加熱すると溶融するが、例えばＺｎＦ2の如くＺ
ｎを含むフラックスの場合は、加熱に伴いＺｎＦ2がＡ
ｌＦ3を含む物に変化することによってフラックス自身
の融点が下がるため、フラックスの融度以下の加熱温度
でも強力な接合が可能となるのである。That is, the AlF 3 type flux melts when heated to a temperature higher than the melting point, but ZF such as ZnF 2 is used.
In the case of a flux containing n, ZnF 2 becomes A when heated.
Since the melting point of the flux itself is lowered by changing to a substance containing IF 3 , strong bonding is possible even at a heating temperature below the melting point of the flux.
【００１８】こうしたふっ化物系フラックスの塗布量は
特に制限されず、加熱・加圧条件も考慮して適宜に設定
できるが、Ａｌ酸化皮膜を効率よく溶解すると共に接合
界面からの排斥を速やかに進めるには、塗布量を０．５
ｇ／ｍ2以上、より好ましくは１ｇ／ｍ2以上とすること
が望ましい。但し、塗布量を過度に多くすることは不経
済であるばかりでなく、接合部周縁に排斥されるフラッ
クス成分の除去作業に要する負担も増大するので、好ま
しくは１０ｇ／ｍ2程度以下、より好ましくは５ｇ／ｍ2
程度以下に抑えるのがよい。The coating amount of such a fluoride-based flux is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate in consideration of heating / pressurizing conditions, but the Al oxide film is efficiently dissolved and the exclusion from the bonding interface is rapidly promoted. The coating amount is 0.5
g / m 2 or more, more preferably it is desirable that the 1 g / m 2 or more. However, excessively increasing the coating amount is not only uneconomical, but also increases the burden required for the work of removing the flux component that is rejected to the peripheral edge of the joint, so it is preferably about 10 g / m 2 or less, more preferably Is 5 g / m 2
It is better to keep it below the level.
【００１９】また、接合に伴うＡｌ部材の変形を抑える
と共に、接合層をできるだけ薄くしてより高レベルの接
合強度を得るには、加熱温度を５００℃以下、より好ま
しくは４５０℃以下に抑えることが望ましい。但し、加
熱温度が低すぎると、フラックスが溶融不足となって酸
化物層に対する破壊（溶解）作用が発揮されなくなるば
かりでなく、酸化物を溶解したフラックスの接合界面か
らの加圧・排斥も不十分となり、更には接合界面での拡
散接合も不十分となるので、好ましくは３００℃以上、
より好ましくは３５０℃以上に加熱すべきである。Further, in order to suppress the deformation of the Al member due to bonding and to obtain a higher level of bonding strength by making the bonding layer as thin as possible, the heating temperature should be suppressed to 500 ° C. or lower, more preferably 450 ° C. or lower. Is desirable. However, if the heating temperature is too low, not only does the flux become insufficiently melted and the destruction (dissolution) action on the oxide layer is not exhibited, but also the pressurization / repulsion from the bonding interface of the flux that has dissolved the oxide is not successful. Since it will be sufficient, and further diffusion bonding at the bonding interface will be insufficient, it is preferably 300 ° C. or higher
More preferably, it should be heated to 350 ° C. or higher.
【００２０】そして、本発明で使用するふっ化物系フラ
ックスは、少なくとも上記加熱温度で溶融する低融点組
成のものを使用すべきであり、Ａｌ系不動態皮膜に対す
る溶解作用などを考慮して特に好ましいのは、ＣｓＦ−
ＡｌＦ3系、ＣｓＦ−ＺｎＦ2系、ＣｓＦ−ＳｎＦ2系、
ＫＦ−ＳｎＦ2系など、ＫＦやＣｓＦと、ＡｌＦ3，Ｚｎ
Ｆ2，ＳｎＦ2の混合物や複合化合物（例えば、ＣｓＡｌ
Ｆ4，ＫＳｎ2Ｆ5など）である。The fluoride-based flux used in the present invention should have a low melting point composition that melts at least at the above-mentioned heating temperature, and is particularly preferable in consideration of the dissolution action on the Al-based passivation film. CsF-
AlF 3 system, CsF-ZnF 2 system, CsF-SnF 2 system,
KF-CnF such as KF-SnF 2 system, AlF 3 , Zn
Mixtures of F 2 and SnF 2 or complex compounds (for example, CsAl
F 4 , KSn 2 F 5, etc.).
【００２１】加熱方式や加圧方式にも特段の制限はな
く、加熱方式としては、一般的な抵抗加熱や高周波加
熱、更には超音波、衝撃などによる発熱を利用した加熱
法が、また加圧方式としては、プレス等の機械的加圧、
電磁気力を利用した加圧などの加圧法などを任意に選択
して適用できる。しかし、その中でも抵抗加熱と機械的
加圧を併用する加熱・加圧方式、すなわち通電圧接によ
る抵抗溶接法は工業的な完成度も高く、接合に先立つ密
着の程度（接合界面での発熱量に影響）や接合界面への
入熱量を加圧力や電流密度によって容易に調整できる
等、制御性に優れているので、特に好ましい方法として
推奨される。There is no particular limitation on the heating method and the pressurizing method. As the heating method, general resistance heating or high frequency heating, and further heating method utilizing heat generation by ultrasonic waves, impact, etc. As a method, mechanical pressure such as a press,
A pressing method such as pressing using electromagnetic force can be arbitrarily selected and applied. However, among them, the heating / pressurizing method that uses both resistance heating and mechanical pressurization, that is, the resistance welding method by passing voltage contact has a high degree of industrial perfection, and the degree of adhesion prior to joining (the amount of heat generated at the joining interface). Influence) and the amount of heat input to the bonding interface can be easily adjusted by the pressing force and the current density. Therefore, it is recommended as a particularly preferable method because it has excellent controllability.
【００２２】抵抗溶接法を採用するときの条件は、接合
母材の種類やサイズ（肉厚など）、使用するふっ化物系
フラックスの種類（融点など）や塗布量などによっても
変わってくるので一律に決めることはできないが、標準
的な条件として示すならば、圧力：１．４〜１．８ｋ
Ｎ、溶接電流：８〜１４ｋＡの範囲が好ましい。The conditions when the resistance welding method is adopted vary depending on the type and size of the joining base material (wall thickness, etc.), the type of fluoride type flux used (melting point, etc.) and the coating amount. However, if it is shown as standard conditions, pressure: 1.4 to 1.8k
N, welding current: The range of 8 to 14 kA is preferable.
【００２３】本発明の接合法は、上記の様にＡｌ部材表
面に存在するＡｌ酸化物よりなる不動態皮膜をふっ化物
系フラックスにより溶解除去し、清浄な活性面を露出さ
せることによって拡散接合を強化することができるの
で、純ＡｌおよびＡｌ合金部材の全てに有効に活用する
ことができ、適用可能なＡｌ合金としては、Ｍｇ，Ｓ
ｉ，Ｍｎ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｃｒなどの１種若しくは２種以
上を含む全てのＡｌ合金が対象となる。また該Ａｌまた
はＡｌ合金部材と接合される被接合金属部材の種類にも
格別の制限はなく、同種もしくは異種のＡｌまたはＡｌ
合金や鉄鋼材を始めとする各種の鉄基合金、或は更に、
銅または銅合金、チタンまたはチタン合金などの非鉄金
属やそれらの合金からなるあらゆる金属部材が適用でき
る。In the joining method of the present invention, as described above, the passivation film made of Al oxide existing on the surface of the Al member is dissolved and removed by the fluoride flux to expose the clean active surface to perform the diffusion joining. Since it can be strengthened, it can be effectively utilized for all of pure Al and Al alloy members, and applicable Al alloys include Mg and S.
All Al alloys containing one or more of i, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr and the like are targeted. Also, there is no particular limitation on the type of the metal member to be joined with the Al or Al alloy member, and the same or different type of Al or Al
Various iron-based alloys such as alloys and steel materials, or further
Any metal member made of non-ferrous metals such as copper or copper alloys, titanium or titanium alloys or their alloys can be applied.
【００２４】しかし本発明は、金属間化合物の中でも特
に脆弱で継手欠陥の原因となり易いＡｌ−Ｆｅ系金属間
化合物の生成を可及的に抑え得ることから、Ａｌまたは
Ａｌ合金と鉄鋼部材の接合法として特に有効に活用でき
る。However, the present invention can suppress the formation of Al-Fe intermetallic compounds, which are particularly fragile among intermetallic compounds and are liable to cause joint defects, so that the contact between Al or Al alloy and steel members can be suppressed. It can be used particularly effectively as legal.
【００２５】またＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材や被接合金属
部材の形状にも一切制限がなく、板材、形材、管、棒な
どに幅広く活用できる。There is no limitation on the shape of the Al or Al alloy member or the metal member to be joined, and it can be widely used for plate materials, shape materials, pipes, rods and the like.
【００２６】[0026]
【実施例】以下、実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に
説明するが、本発明はもとより下記実施例によって制限
を受けるものではなく、前・後記の趣旨に適合し得る範
囲で適当に変更を加えて実施することも可能であり、そ
れらはいずれも本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and may be appropriately applied within a range compatible with the gist of the preceding and the following. Modifications can be made and implemented, and all of them are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
【００２７】実施例
幅２５ｍｍ、長さ１５０ｍｍ、厚さ０．７ｍｍの各種Ａ
ｌ合金板、冷延鋼板または純銅板を、市販の弱アルカリ
系脱脂剤により浸漬脱脂してから水洗、乾燥後、Ａｌ合
金板の片面に、水に溶解あるいは分散させた種々の塩化
物系フラックスまたはふっ化物系フラックスを塗布し乾
燥する。そして、フラックス塗布面側を内面にして、無
塗布のＡｌ合金板、冷延鋼板または純銅板を重ね合わ
せ、加熱・加圧して接合を行った。Example A of various width 25 mm, length 150 mm, thickness 0.7 mm
Various chloride fluxes obtained by dissolving or dispersing an alloy sheet, cold rolled steel sheet or pure copper sheet in one side of an Al alloy sheet by dipping and degreasing with a commercially available weak alkaline degreasing agent, washing with water and drying. Alternatively, apply a fluoride-based flux and dry. Then, the non-coated Al alloy plate, the cold-rolled steel plate or the pure copper plate was overlapped with the side on which the flux was applied being the inner surface, and heating and pressing were performed for joining.
【００２８】接合法としては下記の方法を採用した。そ
れぞれ予備試験により良好な接合強度が得られる条件範
囲で接合を行った。方法及び接合条件を以下に示す。
1)スポット溶接法（抵抗加熱、機械的加圧）
圧力：１．２〜２ｋＮ、電流：８〜１８ｋＡ
2)超音波接合法（摩擦加熱、機械的加圧）
圧力：１．４〜２ｋＮ、振動数：１７ｋＨｚ
3)高周波溶接法（高周波加熱、機械的加圧）
圧力：１〜２ｋＮ、振動数：５００ｋＨｚ
4)マグネチックパルスウェルディング法（渦電流加熱、
電磁気力加圧）
エネルギー：１．７〜２．３ｋＪ。The following method was adopted as the joining method. Bonding was carried out in the range of conditions in which good bonding strength was obtained in each preliminary test. The method and joining conditions are shown below. 1) Spot welding method (resistance heating, mechanical pressure) Pressure: 1.2 to 2 kN, current: 8 to 18 kA 2) Ultrasonic bonding method (friction heating, mechanical pressure) Pressure: 1.4 to 2 kN, Frequency: 17 kHz 3) High frequency welding method (high frequency heating, mechanical pressurization) Pressure: 1-2 kN, frequency: 500 kHz 4) Magnetic pulse welding method (eddy current heating,
Electromagnetic force pressurization) Energy: 1.7 to 2.3 kJ.
【００２９】［接合評価法］接合強度は、図２（Ａが接
合部である）に示す如く十字引張試験によって評価し
た。十字引張試験は、接合した試験片端部を折り曲げて
摘む様に挟み込み、接合面に対し直角方向に引張試験を
行う試験である。接合部が破断した時の強度を接合強度
とし、接合部ではなく母材が破断した場合は、板破断と
して必要な接合強度を満足していると判断した。[Joining Evaluation Method] Bonding strength was evaluated by a cross tension test as shown in FIG. 2 (where A is a joint portion). The cross tension test is a test in which the ends of the joined test pieces are bent and sandwiched so as to be pinched, and a tensile test is performed in a direction perpendicular to the joining surface. The strength at the time of fracture of the joint was defined as the joint strength, and when the base material was fractured rather than the joint, it was judged that the joint strength required for plate fracture was satisfied.
【００３０】結果をまとめて表１に示す。The results are summarized in Table 1.
【００３１】[0031]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３２】表１から明らかな様に、本発明の実施例
（Ｎｏ．１〜１０）では比較的低温で良好な接合強度
（Ａｌ板強度を上回る強度）を有する接合が可能であ
り、特に加熱温度を５００℃以下にすることにより接合
強度の向上が認められる。一方、フラックスを用いない
比較例（Ｎｏ．１１，１２）では接合強度が低く、ま
た、塩化物系フラックスを用いたＮｏ．１３，１４でも
十分な接合強度が得られていない。ロウ材を使用したＮ
ｏ．１５では、脆弱な金属間化合物の形成により満足な
接合強度が得られていない。As is clear from Table 1, in the examples (Nos. 1 to 10) of the present invention, it is possible to carry out the bonding having a good bonding strength (strength exceeding the strength of the Al plate) at a relatively low temperature, and especially heating. It is recognized that the bonding strength is improved by setting the temperature to 500 ° C. or lower. On the other hand, in the comparative examples (Nos. 11 and 12) in which no flux was used, the bonding strength was low, and in Nos. Even with Nos. 13 and 14, sufficient bonding strength is not obtained. N using brazing material
o. In No. 15, satisfactory bonding strength was not obtained due to the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds.
【００３３】[0033]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上の様に構成されており、Ａ
ｌ部材の接合、特にＡｌ部材同士あるいはＡｌ部材と鉄
鋼部材との接合に適した方法であり、接合に悪影響を与
えるＡｌまたはＡｌ合金表面の酸化皮膜を化学的に溶解
・排除しつつ、清浄な活性面の露出した金属面同士を圧
着させて拡散接合できるため比較的低温で接合すること
ができ、それに伴って接合界面における脆弱なＡｌ−Ｆ
ｅ系金属間化合物などの生成も抑えられ、欠陥のない強
力な接合継手を得ることができる。The present invention is constituted as described above, and A
This is a method suitable for joining 1-members, particularly for joining Al members or for joining an Al member and a steel member, and cleans while chemically dissolving and eliminating an oxide film on the surface of Al or Al alloy that adversely affects the joining. Since the metal surfaces with exposed active surfaces can be pressure-bonded to each other and diffusion-bonded, they can be bonded at a relatively low temperature, and accordingly, fragile Al-F at the bonding interface.
Generation of e-based intermetallic compounds and the like is also suppressed, and a strong joint without defects can be obtained.
【図１】本発明に係るＡｌ部材の接合法を例示する模式
図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a method for joining Al members according to the present invention.
【図２】接合強度評価用試験片を示す模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a joint strength evaluation test piece.
１ Ａｌ部材（Ａｌ合金板） ２ 被接合部材（冷延鋼板） ３ フラックス ４ Ａｌ酸化皮膜 Ａ 接合部 1 Al member (Al alloy plate) 2 Members to be joined (cold rolled steel sheet) 3 flux 4 Al oxide film A joint
フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 4E067 AA02 AA05 AB07 AC07 AD04 BA03 DA17 DC01 DC05 DC06 EA04 EA07 EC03 Continued front page F-term (reference) 4E067 AA02 AA05 AB07 AC07 AD04 BA03 DA17 DC01 DC05 DC06 EA04 EA07 EC03
Claims (5)
材との被接合部にふっ化物系フラックスを存在させ、該
被接合部を加熱・加圧することにより両部材を接合する
ことを特徴とするＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の接合法。1. A fluorine-containing flux is present in a joined portion between an Al or Al alloy member and a joined metallic member, and the joined portions are joined together by heating and pressurizing the joined portion. A method of joining Al or Al alloy members.
に記載のＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の接合法。2. The heating temperature is set to 500 ° C. or lower.
The method for joining Al or Al alloy members according to 1.
び／またはふっ化セシウムと、ふっ化アルミニウム、ふ
っ化亜鉛およびふっ化錫よりなる群から選択される１種
以上との混合物または複合化合物を使用する請求項１ま
たは２に記載のＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の接合法。3. A mixture or complex compound of potassium fluoride and / or cesium fluoride and one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of aluminum fluoride, zinc fluoride and tin fluoride is used as the flux. Item 3. A method of joining Al or Al alloy members according to Item 1 or 2.
機械的加圧によって行なう請求項１〜３のいずれかに記
載のＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の接合法。4. The method for joining Al or Al alloy members according to claim 1, wherein the heating is performed by resistance heating and the pressing is performed by mechanical pressing.
合金部材、もしくは鉄または鉄合金部材を使用する請求
項１〜４のいずれかに記載のＡｌまたはＡｌ合金部材の
接合法。5. The metal member to be joined is Al or Al
The Al or Al alloy member joining method according to claim 1, wherein an alloy member, or iron or an iron alloy member is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001232518A JP2003048077A (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2001-07-31 | METHOD FOR JOINING Al OR Al ALLOY MEMBER |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001232518A JP2003048077A (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2001-07-31 | METHOD FOR JOINING Al OR Al ALLOY MEMBER |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003048077A true JP2003048077A (en) | 2003-02-18 |
Family
ID=19064432
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001232518A Withdrawn JP2003048077A (en) | 2001-07-31 | 2001-07-31 | METHOD FOR JOINING Al OR Al ALLOY MEMBER |
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| Country | Link |
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