JP2003045410A - Secondary battery - Google Patents
Secondary batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003045410A JP2003045410A JP2001234623A JP2001234623A JP2003045410A JP 2003045410 A JP2003045410 A JP 2003045410A JP 2001234623 A JP2001234623 A JP 2001234623A JP 2001234623 A JP2001234623 A JP 2001234623A JP 2003045410 A JP2003045410 A JP 2003045410A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- electrode plate
- electrode plates
- thermal switch
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、充放電を繰り返し
行うことができる二次電池に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a secondary battery which can be repeatedly charged and discharged.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】充放電を繰り返し行うことができる二次
電池は、近年、各種の分野で広範囲にわたって利用され
ている。例えば、小型タイプであれば、携帯電話やビデ
オカメラ等の電子機器の電源として利用され、大型タイ
プであれば、電気自動車の電源や家庭用の蓄電装置等と
して利用され始めている。このような二次電池において
は、従来のＰｂ二次電池やＮｉ−Ｃｄ二次電池に代わっ
て、現在、軽量化および小型化の容易なＬｉ二次電池の
ような非水電解質二次電池の開発が進められている。こ
のような従来の非水電解質二次電池の概略構造を図６に
示す。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, secondary batteries which can be repeatedly charged and discharged have been widely used in various fields. For example, the small type is beginning to be used as a power source for electronic devices such as mobile phones and video cameras, and the large type is beginning to be used as a power source for electric vehicles and household power storage devices. In such secondary batteries, in place of conventional Pb secondary batteries and Ni-Cd secondary batteries, non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries such as Li secondary batteries, which are easy to reduce in weight and size, are currently being used. Development is in progress. FIG. 6 shows a schematic structure of such a conventional non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
【０００３】図６に示すように、有機材料からなる電解
液を貯蔵するアルミニウム製の容器１１１の上部には、
アルミニウム製の安全弁１１１ａが設けられている。容
器１１１の内部には、正極板１１２および負極板１１３
が前記電解液に浸漬するようにして交互に複数配設され
ている。これら正極板１１２と負極板１１３との間に
は、セパレータ１１４がそれぞれ介在している。容器１
１１の上部には、正極端子１１５および負極端子１１６
が設けられている。正極端子１１５と各正極板１１２と
の間は、各正極板１１２に設けられた導電部材であるタ
ブ１１７により一体的に接続されている。負極端子１１
６と各負極板１１３との間は、各負極板１１３に設けら
れた導電部材であるタブ１１８により一体的に接続され
ている。As shown in FIG. 6, the upper part of an aluminum container 111 for storing an electrolytic solution made of an organic material is
A safety valve 111a made of aluminum is provided. A positive electrode plate 112 and a negative electrode plate 113 are provided inside the container 111.
Are alternately arranged so as to be immersed in the electrolytic solution. Separators 114 are respectively interposed between the positive electrode plate 112 and the negative electrode plate 113. Container 1
A positive electrode terminal 115 and a negative electrode terminal 116 are provided on the upper part of 11.
Is provided. The positive electrode terminal 115 and each positive electrode plate 112 are integrally connected by a tab 117 which is a conductive member provided on each positive electrode plate 112. Negative electrode terminal 11
6 and each negative electrode plate 113 are integrally connected by a tab 118 which is a conductive member provided on each negative electrode plate 113.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述したような二次電
池１１０において、例えば、図７に示すように、釘１０
０が突き刺さり、正極板１１２と負極板１１３とが短絡
（内部短絡）してしまうと、前記タブ１１７，１１８部
分から電流が回り込んで集中的に流れてしまう。このと
き、前記電極板１１２，１１３の積層数が少ない（数枚
程度）小型タイプ（１．５Ｗｈ程度）の場合には、回り
込む前記電流が比較的小さく（数十Ａ程度）、大きな問
題とはならないものの、前記電極板１１２，１１３の積
層数が多い（百枚以上）大型タイプ（５０〜２７０Ｗ
ｈ）の場合には、回り込む前記電流が非常に大きくなっ
てしまい（５００〜１０００Ａ）、内部温度の上昇によ
る熱暴走が急激に進行してしまう虞があった。In the secondary battery 110 as described above, for example, as shown in FIG.
When 0 is pierced and the positive electrode plate 112 and the negative electrode plate 113 are short-circuited (internal short-circuit), current flows from the tabs 117 and 118 and flows intensively. At this time, in the case of a small type (about 1.5 Wh) in which the number of stacked electrode plates 112 and 113 is small (about several sheets), the current flowing in is relatively small (about tens of amperes), and a big problem Although it does not occur, a large type (50 to 270W) in which the number of laminated electrode plates 112 and 113 is large (more than 100)
In the case of h), the current flowing in becomes very large (500 to 1000 A), and there is a possibility that thermal runaway will rapidly progress due to an increase in internal temperature.
【０００５】このようなことから、本発明は、内部短絡
を生じたとしても、熱暴走を防止することができる二次
電池を提供することを目的とする。In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery capable of preventing thermal runaway even if an internal short circuit occurs.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】前述した課題を解決する
ための、第一番目の発明による二次電池は、内部に電解
液を貯蔵する容器内に配設された対をなす電極板と、前
記容器の外側に突設された一対の電極端子と、前記容器
の内部に配設され、前記電極板と前記電極端子との間を
各々電気的に接続する導電部材とを備えた二次電池にお
いて、温度の上昇に伴って、電気抵抗が大きくなる熱ス
イッチを前記電極端子と前記導電部材との間および前記
電極板と前記導電部材との間の少なくとも一方に設けた
ことを特徴とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a secondary battery according to the first invention comprises a pair of electrode plates disposed inside a container for storing an electrolyte solution, A secondary battery including a pair of electrode terminals protruding from the outside of the container, and a conductive member disposed inside the container and electrically connecting the electrode plate and the electrode terminal, respectively. In (1), a thermal switch whose electric resistance increases with an increase in temperature is provided between at least one of the electrode terminal and the conductive member and between the electrode plate and the conductive member.
【０００７】第二番目の発明による二次電池は、第一番
目の発明において、前記熱スイッチが、前記電解液に対
して不溶のポリマとカーボンとを配合してなる抵抗体素
子を備えてなることを特徴とする。A secondary battery according to a second aspect of the present invention is the secondary battery according to the first aspect, wherein the thermal switch includes a resistor element formed by blending a polymer and carbon insoluble in the electrolytic solution. It is characterized by
【０００８】第三番目の発明による二次電池は、第二番
目の発明において、前記熱スイッチが、対をなす金属シ
ートで前記抵抗体素子を挟んだものであることを特徴と
する。The secondary battery according to the third invention is characterized in that, in the second invention, the thermal switch is one in which the resistive element is sandwiched between a pair of metal sheets.
【０００９】第四番目の発明による二次電池は、第一番
目から第三番目の発明のいずれかにおいて、前記電極板
が、複数対配設され、前記熱スイッチが、前記電極板の
同極の複数枚の組ごとに一つずつ設けられていることを
特徴とする。A secondary battery according to a fourth invention is the secondary battery according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein a plurality of pairs of the electrode plates are arranged and the thermal switch has the same polarity as the electrode plates. It is characterized in that one is provided for each set of a plurality of sheets.
【００１０】第五番目の発明による二次電池は、第四番
目の発明において、前記電極板の前記組のエネルギ容量
が所定の値以下となるように、当該組の当該電極板の枚
数が設定されていることを特徴とする。The secondary battery according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the secondary battery according to the fourth aspect, wherein the number of the electrode plates of the set is set so that the energy capacity of the set of the electrode plates becomes a predetermined value or less. It is characterized by being.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明による二次電池の実施の形
態を図面を用いて説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施の
形態に限定されるものではない。Embodiments of the secondary battery according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
【００１２】［第一番目の実施の形態］本発明による二
次電池の第一番目の実施の形態を図１，２を用いて説明
する。図１は、二次電池の概略構成を表す一部破断斜視
図、図２は、要部の拡大図である。[First Embodiment] A first embodiment of the secondary battery according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a secondary battery, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part.
【００１３】図１に示すように、有機材料からなる電解
液を貯蔵するアルミニウム製の容器１１の上部には、ア
ルミニウム製の安全弁１１ａが設けられている。容器１
１の内部には、正極板１２および負極板１３が前記電解
液に浸漬するようにして交互に複数配設されている。こ
れら正極板１２と負極板１３との間には、セパレータ１
４がそれぞれ介在している。容器１１の上部には、正極
端子１５および負極端子１６が設けられている。正極端
子１５と各正極板１２との間は、各正極板１２に設けら
れた導電部材であるタブ１７によりそれぞれ接続されて
いる。負極端子１６と各負極板１３との間は、各負極板
１３に設けられた導電部材であるタブ１８によりそれぞ
れ接続されている。As shown in FIG. 1, a safety valve 11a made of aluminum is provided on the upper part of a container 11 made of aluminum for storing an electrolytic solution made of an organic material. Container 1
A plurality of positive electrode plates 12 and negative electrode plates 13 are alternately arranged inside 1 so as to be immersed in the electrolytic solution. The separator 1 is provided between the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13.
4 are intervening. A positive electrode terminal 15 and a negative electrode terminal 16 are provided on the top of the container 11. The positive electrode terminal 15 and each positive electrode plate 12 are connected by a tab 17 which is a conductive member provided on each positive electrode plate 12. The negative electrode terminal 16 and each negative electrode plate 13 are connected by a tab 18 which is a conductive member provided on each negative electrode plate 13.
【００１４】図２に示すように、前記タブ１７間および
前記タブ１８間、すなわち、前記タブ１７，１８と前記
端子１５，１６との間には、所定の温度以上になると急
激に大きな電気抵抗となるシート状の熱スイッチ１９が
それぞれ介在している。この熱スイッチ１９（例えば、
株式会社レイケム製「ポリスイッチ（商品名）」等）
は、絶縁体であるポリマ（前記電解液に対して不溶）と
導電体であるカーボンとを配合した抵抗体素子を対をな
す金属シートで挟み込んだ構造をなしている。この抵抗
体素子は、常温（通常電流量）だと、ポリマ中のカーボ
ンにより導電パスが形成されて電気抵抗値が小さいもの
の、温度上昇（電流量の増加）に伴って、ポリマが次第
に軟化して体積膨張することにより、カーボンによる導
電パスが徐々に切断され、所定の温度（電流量）を超え
ると（例えば８０℃）、急激に電気抵抗が増大する特性
を有している。As shown in FIG. 2, between the tabs 17 and between the tabs 18, that is, between the tabs 17 and 18 and the terminals 15 and 16, a large electric resistance suddenly increases at a predetermined temperature or higher. The sheet-like thermal switches 19 are provided respectively. This thermal switch 19 (for example,
"Polyswitch (trade name)" manufactured by Raychem Co., Ltd.)
Has a structure in which a resistor element containing a polymer (insoluble in the electrolytic solution) as an insulator and carbon as a conductor is sandwiched between a pair of metal sheets. At room temperature (normal current amount), this resistor element has a small electrical resistance value due to the formation of a conductive path due to carbon in the polymer, but the polymer gradually softens as the temperature rises (increase in current amount). As a result, the conductive path due to carbon is gradually cut off due to the volume expansion, and when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature (amount of current) (for example, 80 ° C.), the electrical resistance rapidly increases.
【００１５】このような二次電池１０において、何らか
の原因で、正極板１２と負極板１３とが短絡（内部短
絡）してしまうと、前記タブ１７，１８部分から電流が
回り込んで集中的に流れてしまう。このとき、前記電極
板１２，１３の積層数が少ない（数枚程度）小型タイプ
（１．５Ｗｈ程度）の場合には、回り込む前記電流が比
較的小さく（数十Ａ程度）、大きな問題とはならないも
のの、前記電極板１２，１３の積層数が多い（百枚以
上）大型タイプ（５０〜２７０Ｗｈ）の場合には、回り
込む前記電流が非常に大きくなってしまい（５００〜１
０００Ａ）、内部温度が急激に上昇する。この急激な温
度上昇（電流量の増加）に伴って、前記熱スイッチ１９
の電気抵抗が上述した作用により増大し、各タブ１７，
１８への導通が遮断される。このため、各タブ１７，１
８を介して電極板１２，１３へ回り込んで集中的に流れ
る前記電流が非常に小さくなるので、温度上昇が抑制さ
れ、熱暴走が抑制される。In the secondary battery 10 as described above, if the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 are short-circuited (internal short-circuit) for some reason, current flows from the tabs 17 and 18 and concentrates. It will flow. At this time, in the case of a small type (about 1.5 Wh) in which the number of stacked electrode plates 12 and 13 is small (about several sheets), the current flowing in is relatively small (about tens of amperes), and a big problem Although it does not occur, in the case of a large type (50 to 270 Wh) in which the number of laminated electrode plates 12 and 13 is large (100 or more), the current flowing around becomes very large (500 to 1).
000A), the internal temperature rises sharply. As the temperature rises sharply (the amount of current increases), the thermal switch 19
The electrical resistance of the tabs increases due to the above-mentioned action,
The conduction to 18 is cut off. Therefore, each tab 17,1
Since the current flowing around the electrode plates 12 and 13 via 8 and flowing intensively becomes extremely small, temperature rise is suppressed and thermal runaway is suppressed.
【００１６】したがって、本実施の形態の二次電池１０
によれば、内部短絡を生じたとしても、熱暴走を防止す
ることができる。Therefore, the secondary battery 10 of the present embodiment
According to this, thermal runaway can be prevented even if an internal short circuit occurs.
【００１７】また、正極端子１５と負極端子１６との間
が短絡するような外部短絡を生じた場合であっても、上
述した内部短絡の場合と同様に各タブ１７，１８間の導
通を遮断して熱暴走を抑制することができる。Even when an external short circuit occurs such that the positive electrode terminal 15 and the negative electrode terminal 16 are short-circuited, the conduction between the tabs 17 and 18 is cut off as in the case of the internal short circuit described above. Then, thermal runaway can be suppressed.
【００１８】［第二番目の実施の形態］本発明による二
次電池の第二番目の実施の形態を図３，４を用いて説明
する。図３は、二次電池の概略構成を表す一部破断斜視
図、図４は、要部の拡大図である。ただし、前述した第
一番目の実施の形態と同様な部材については、前述した
第一番目の実施の形態の説明で用いた符号と同一の符号
を用いることにより、その説明を省略する。[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of the secondary battery according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the secondary battery, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part. However, for the same members as those in the above-described first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the above-described first embodiment are used, and the description thereof will be omitted.
【００１９】図３，４に示すように、正極板１２とタブ
１７との間および負極板１３とタブ１８との間には、前
記熱スイッチ１９がそれぞれ介在している。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the thermal switches 19 are interposed between the positive electrode plate 12 and the tab 17 and between the negative electrode plate 13 and the tab 18, respectively.
【００２０】つまり、前述した第一番目の実施の形態で
は、隣接するタブ１７間およびタブ１８間、すなわち、
前記端子１５，１６と前記タブ１７，１８との間に熱ス
イッチ１９を介在させたが、本実施の形態では、電極板
１２，１３とタブ１７，１８との間に熱スイッチ１９を
介在させるようにしたのである。That is, in the above-described first embodiment, between the tabs 17 and the tabs 18 which are adjacent to each other, that is,
Although the thermal switch 19 is interposed between the terminals 15 and 16 and the tabs 17 and 18, in the present embodiment, the thermal switch 19 is interposed between the electrode plates 12 and 13 and the tabs 17 and 18. I did so.
【００２１】このような二次電池２０において、何らか
の原因で、正極板１２と負極板１３とが短絡（内部短
絡）し、前記タブ１７，１８部分から電流が回り込んで
集中的に流れて、内部温度が急激に上昇すると、上記熱
スイッチ１９の電気抵抗が増大して、電極板１２，１３
とタブ１７，１８との各間の導通が遮断される。このた
め、各タブ１７，１８を介して電極板１２，１３へ回り
込んで集中的に流れる前記電流がなくなるので、温度上
昇が抑制され、熱暴走が抑制される。In the secondary battery 20 as described above, the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 are short-circuited (internal short-circuit) for some reason, and current flows from the tabs 17 and 18 and flows intensively. When the internal temperature rises sharply, the electrical resistance of the thermal switch 19 increases, and the electrode plates 12, 13
And the tabs 17 and 18 are disconnected from each other. Therefore, the current flowing around the electrode plates 12 and 13 via the tabs 17 and 18 and flowing intensively disappears, so that the temperature rise is suppressed and the thermal runaway is suppressed.
【００２２】したがって、本実施の形態の二次電池２０
によれば、前述した第一番目の実施の形態の二次電池１
０の場合と同様に、内部短絡および外部短絡を生じたと
しても、熱暴走を防止することができる。Therefore, the secondary battery 20 of the present embodiment
According to the secondary battery 1 according to the first embodiment described above.
As in the case of 0, thermal runaway can be prevented even if an internal short circuit and an external short circuit occur.
【００２３】［第三番目の実施の形態］本発明による二
次電池の第三番目の実施の形態を図５を用いて説明す
る。図５は、二次電池の要部の拡大図である。ただし、
前述した第一，二番目の実施の形態と同様な部材につい
ては、前述した第一，二番目の実施の形態の説明で用い
た符号と同一の符号を用いることにより、その説明を省
略する。[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment of the secondary battery according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of the secondary battery. However,
The same members as those in the first and second embodiments described above are denoted by the same reference numerals as those used in the description of the first and second embodiments, and the description thereof will be omitted.
【００２４】図５に示すように、前記電極板１２，１３
とタブ１７，１８との間には、網目状をなす導通体３９
ａがそれぞれ介在しており、当該導通体３９ａは、当該
電極板１２，１３およびタブ１７，１８と一体的に形成
されている。上記導通体３９ａの網目中には、所定の温
度以上になると急激に大きな電気抵抗となる熱スイッチ
３９ｂがそれぞれ介在しており、当該熱スイッチ３９ｂ
は、前述した第一，二番目の実施の形態の熱スイッチ１
９の前記抵抗体素子からなっている。As shown in FIG. 5, the electrode plates 12, 13 are
Between the tab and the tabs 17 and 18 is a mesh-like conductor 39.
a is interposed, and the conductor 39a is integrally formed with the electrode plates 12 and 13 and the tabs 17 and 18. In the mesh of the conductor 39a, there are respectively provided thermal switches 39b which suddenly have a large electric resistance at a predetermined temperature or higher.
Is the thermal switch 1 of the first and second embodiments described above.
9 resistor elements.
【００２５】つまり、前述した第二番目の実施の形態で
は、電極板１２，１３とタブ１７，１８との間を熱スイ
ッチ１９の前記金属シートで連結するようにしたが、本
実施の形態では、電極板１２，１３とタブ１７，１８と
の間を前記導通体３９ａで一体的に連結するようにした
のである。In other words, in the above-described second embodiment, the electrode sheets 12 and 13 and the tabs 17 and 18 are connected by the metal sheet of the thermal switch 19, but in the present embodiment, The electrode plates 12 and 13 and the tabs 17 and 18 are integrally connected by the conductor 39a.
【００２６】このため、前述した第二番目の実施の形態
では、電極板１２，１３およびタブ１７，１８と熱スイ
ッチ１９とを接合させるのに手間がかかってしまうもの
の、本実施の形態では、前記導通体３９ａの網目中に前
記抵抗体素子からなる熱スイッチ３９ｂを介在させるだ
けで製作することができる。Therefore, in the above-described second embodiment, it takes time to join the electrode plates 12 and 13 and the tabs 17 and 18 to the thermal switch 19, but in the present embodiment, It can be manufactured only by interposing the thermal switch 39b made of the resistor element in the mesh of the conductor 39a.
【００２７】したがって、本実施の形態によれば、前述
した第二番目の実施の形態の場合と同様な効果を得るこ
とができると共に、前述した第二番目の実施の形態の場
合よりも容易に製作することができる。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same effect as in the case of the second embodiment described above, and more easily than in the case of the second embodiment described above. Can be manufactured.
【００２８】［他の実施の形態］前述した第一〜三番目
の実施の形態では、各電極板１２，１３に熱スイッチ１
９，３９ａ等をそれぞれ設けるようにしたが、各電極板
１２，１３に回り込む電流の量に応じて、複数枚の同極
の電極板１２，１３の組ごとに一つの熱スイッチ１９，
３９ａ等を配設するとよい。すなわち、各電極板１２，
１３の一枚当たりのエネルギ容量が小さい場合には、前
記電極板１２，１３の同極の組のエネルギ容量が所定の
値以下（熱暴走を生じないエネルギ容量）となるよう
に、当該組の当該電極１２，１３の枚数（電極板１２，
１３の材質等により異なる）を設定して、当該組ごとに
熱スイッチ１９，３９ａ等を一つずつ設けるのである。
このようにすれば、多数の電極板１２，１３を積層する
大型の二次電池においては、その作製にかかる手間を簡
略化することができると共に、材料コストの上昇を抑え
ることができる。[Other Embodiments] In the above-described first to third embodiments, the thermal switch 1 is attached to each of the electrode plates 12 and 13.
9, 39a, etc. are provided respectively, but one thermal switch 19 is provided for each set of a plurality of electrode plates 12 and 13 having the same polarity depending on the amount of current flowing into each electrode plate 12 and 13.
39a or the like may be provided. That is, each electrode plate 12,
When the energy capacity per sheet 13 is small, the energy capacity of the same-polarity group of the electrode plates 12 and 13 is set to a predetermined value or less (energy capacity that does not cause thermal runaway). The number of electrodes 12, 13 (electrode plate 12,
13), and the thermal switches 19 and 39a are provided for each set.
By doing so, in a large-sized secondary battery in which a large number of electrode plates 12 and 13 are laminated, the labor required for its production can be simplified, and an increase in material cost can be suppressed.
【００２９】前述した第一〜三番目の実施の形態では、
絶縁体であるポリマと導電体であるカーボンとを配合し
てなる抵抗体素子を使用した熱スイッチ１９，３９ｂを
利用したが、他の実施の形態として、例えば、バイメタ
ルのような熱スイッチを利用することも可能である。本
発明においては、このような抵抗体素子やバイメタル等
に限らず、温度上昇に伴って、電流の量を減少させるこ
とができる熱スイッチであれば、前述した各実施の形態
の場合と同様にして適用することが可能である。In the above-mentioned first to third embodiments,
Although the thermal switches 19 and 39b using the resistor element formed by mixing the polymer which is the insulator and the carbon which is the conductor are used, as another embodiment, a thermal switch such as bimetal is used. It is also possible to do so. In the present invention, the thermal switch is not limited to such resistor elements and bimetals, and any thermal switch capable of reducing the amount of current with an increase in temperature can be used in the same manner as in the above-described respective embodiments. Can be applied.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】第一番目の発明による二次電池は、内部
に電解液を貯蔵する容器内に配設された対をなす電極板
と、前記容器の外側に突設された一対の電極端子と、前
記容器の内部に配設され、前記電極板と前記電極端子と
の間を各々電気的に接続する導電部材とを備えた二次電
池において、温度の上昇に伴って、電気抵抗が大きくな
る熱スイッチを前記電極端子と前記導電部材との間およ
び前記電極板と前記導電部材との間の少なくとも一方に
設けたことから、何らかの原因で、正極板と負極板とが
短絡してしまい、導電部材から電流が回り込んで集中的
に流れて、内部温度が上昇すると、この温度上昇に伴っ
て、熱スイッチの電気抵抗が増大するので、電極板へ回
り込んで集中的に流れる上記電流が非常に小さくなる。
その結果、内部温度の上昇を抑制することができるの
で、短絡を生じたとしても、熱暴走を防止することがで
きる。The secondary battery according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a pair of electrode plates arranged inside a container for storing an electrolyte therein, and a pair of electrode terminals projecting from the outside of the container. And a secondary battery provided inside the container and provided with a conductive member that electrically connects between the electrode plate and the electrode terminal, the electrical resistance increases as the temperature rises. Since the thermal switch that is provided between at least one of the electrode terminal and the conductive member and between the electrode plate and the conductive member, for some reason, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are short-circuited, When the current circulates from the conductive member and flows intensively and the internal temperature rises, the electrical resistance of the thermal switch increases with this temperature rise. Very small
As a result, the rise in internal temperature can be suppressed, and thermal runaway can be prevented even if a short circuit occurs.
【００３１】第二番目の発明による二次電池は、第一番
目の発明において、前記熱スイッチが、前記電解液に対
して不溶のポリマとカーボンとを配合してなる抵抗体素
子を備えてなるので、第一番目の発明による効果を簡単
に得ることができる。A secondary battery according to a second invention is the secondary battery according to the first invention, wherein the thermal switch comprises a resistor element formed by blending a polymer and carbon insoluble in the electrolytic solution. Therefore, the effect of the first invention can be easily obtained.
【００３２】第三番目の発明による二次電池は、第二番
目の発明において、前記熱スイッチが、対をなす金属シ
ートで前記抵抗体素子を挟んだものであるので、電極板
や導電部材や電極端子と熱スイッチとの連結を確実に行
うことができる。The secondary battery according to the third aspect of the present invention is the secondary battery according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which the thermal switch has the resistive element sandwiched between a pair of metal sheets, so that an electrode plate, a conductive member, or It is possible to reliably connect the electrode terminal and the thermal switch.
【００３３】第四番目の発明による二次電池は、第一番
目から第三番目の発明のいずれかにおいて、前記電極板
が、複数対配設され、前記熱スイッチが、前記電極板の
同極の複数枚の組ごとに一つずつ設けられているので、
作製の容易化および低コスト化を図ることができる。A secondary battery according to a fourth invention is the secondary battery according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein a plurality of pairs of the electrode plates are arranged and the thermal switch has the same polarity as the electrode plates. Because one is provided for each set of multiple sheets of
It is possible to facilitate the production and reduce the cost.
【００３４】第五番目の発明による二次電池は、第四番
目の発明において、前記電極板の前記組のエネルギ容量
が所定の値以下となるように、当該組の当該電極板の枚
数が設定されているので、作製の容易化および低コスト
化を最も効率よく図ることができる。The secondary battery according to the fifth invention is the secondary battery according to the fourth invention, wherein the number of the electrode plates of the set is set so that the energy capacity of the set of the electrode plates becomes a predetermined value or less. Therefore, the production can be facilitated and the cost can be reduced most efficiently.
【図１】本発明による二次電池の第一番目の実施の形態
の概略構成を表す一部破断斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of a secondary battery according to the present invention.
【図２】図１の二次電池の要部の拡大図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the secondary battery of FIG.
【図３】本発明による二次電池の第二番目の実施の形態
の概略構成を表す一部破断斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of a secondary battery according to the present invention.
【図４】図２の二次電池の要部の拡大図である。FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of the secondary battery of FIG.
【図５】本発明による二次電池の第三番目の実施の形態
の要部の拡大図である。FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of a third embodiment of a secondary battery according to the present invention.
【図６】従来の二次電池の一例の概略構成を表す一部破
断斜視図である。FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a schematic configuration of an example of a conventional secondary battery.
【図７】図６の二次電池に釘が刺さった場合の作用説明
図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the operation when a nail penetrates the secondary battery of FIG.
【符号の説明】 １０，２０ 二次電池 １１ 容器 １１ａ 安全弁 １２ 正極板 １３ 負極板 １４ セパレータ １５ 正極端子 １６ 負極端子 １７，１８ タブ １９ 熱スイッチ ３９ａ 導通体 ３９ｂ 熱スイッチ[Explanation of symbols] 10,20 secondary battery 11 containers 11a Safety valve 12 Positive plate 13 Negative electrode plate 14 Separator 15 Positive terminal 16 Negative electrode terminal 17,18 tabs 19 heat switch 39a Conductor 39b thermal switch
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 秋山 知雄 長崎県長崎市深堀町５丁目717番１号 三 菱重工業株式会社長崎研究所内 Ｆターム(参考） 5H022 AA09 CC12 CC19 CC22 EE01 EE05 EE06 KK01 5H029 AJ12 AK02 AL06 AM02 BJ02 BJ27 DJ05 EJ01 EJ04 EJ12 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Tomio Akiyama 3-51-1717 Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki Hishi Heavy Industries Ltd. Nagasaki Research Center F-term (reference) 5H022 AA09 CC12 CC19 CC22 EE01 EE05 EE06 KK01 5H029 AJ12 AK02 AL06 AM02 BJ02 BJ27 DJ05 EJ01 EJ04 EJ12
Claims (5)
れた対をなす電極板と、 前記容器の外側に突設された一対の電極端子と、 前記容器の内部に配設され、前記電極板と前記電極端子
との間を各々電気的に接続する導電部材とを備えた二次
電池において、 温度の上昇に伴って、電気抵抗が大きくなる熱スイッチ
を前記電極端子と前記導電部材との間および前記電極板
と前記導電部材との間の少なくとも一方に設けたことを
特徴とする二次電池。1. A pair of electrode plates arranged inside a container for storing an electrolyte therein, a pair of electrode terminals projecting from the outside of the container, and arranged inside the container. In a secondary battery including a conductive member that electrically connects between the electrode plate and the electrode terminal, a thermal switch whose electrical resistance increases with an increase in temperature is provided with the electrode terminal and the conductive member. A secondary battery provided between the electrode plate and the conductive member.
カーボンとを配合してなる抵抗体素子を備えてなること
を特徴とする二次電池。2. The secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the thermal switch includes a resistor element formed by mixing a polymer insoluble in the electrolytic solution and carbon.
子を挟んだものであることを特徴とする二次電池。3. The secondary battery according to claim 2, wherein the thermal switch includes the resistive element sandwiched between a pair of metal sheets.
て、 前記電極板が、複数対配設され、 前記熱スイッチが、前記電極板の同極の複数枚の組ごと
に一つずつ設けられていることを特徴とする二次電池。4. The electrode plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of pairs of the electrode plates are arranged, and the thermal switch is provided for each group of a plurality of the same poles of the electrode plate. A secondary battery characterized by being used.
るように、当該組の当該電極板の枚数が設定されている
ことを特徴とする二次電池。5. The secondary battery according to claim 4, wherein the number of the electrode plates of the set is set so that the energy capacity of the set of the electrode plates is equal to or less than a predetermined value. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001234623A JP2003045410A (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2001-08-02 | Secondary battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001234623A JP2003045410A (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2001-08-02 | Secondary battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003045410A true JP2003045410A (en) | 2003-02-14 |
Family
ID=19066204
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001234623A Pending JP2003045410A (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2001-08-02 | Secondary battery |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003045410A (en) |
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| CN108808096A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Layer-built battery |
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| JPH0896792A (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-04-12 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Lithium battery |
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| JPH07130351A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-19 | Sony Corp | Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
| JPH07249404A (en) * | 1994-03-10 | 1995-09-26 | Haibaru:Kk | Battery |
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| JP2005209395A (en) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-08-04 | Toshiba Corp | Nonaqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery |
| CN108808096A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Layer-built battery |
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