JP2003036144A - Touch screen - Google Patents

Touch screen

Info

Publication number
JP2003036144A
JP2003036144A JP2002149222A JP2002149222A JP2003036144A JP 2003036144 A JP2003036144 A JP 2003036144A JP 2002149222 A JP2002149222 A JP 2002149222A JP 2002149222 A JP2002149222 A JP 2002149222A JP 2003036144 A JP2003036144 A JP 2003036144A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
touch screen
substrate
display
light emitting
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2002149222A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Ronald S Cok
スティーブン コック ロナルド
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Publication of JP2003036144A publication Critical patent/JP2003036144A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/043—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using propagating acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/045—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/40—OLEDs integrated with touch screens

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an improved touch screen using an OLED(organic light emitting diode) flat panel display which increases the contrast of the display by reducing reflection and also suppresses the manufacture cost at the same time. SOLUTION: The touch screen for use with the OLED display, includes: (a) a substrate having a top side and a bottom side; (b) a plurality of touch screen elements located on the top side of substrate; and (c) a polarizing element for reducing glare and improving contrast of the OLED display, wherein the polarizing element is an integral part of the touch screen.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【０００１】 【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は有機発光ダイオード
ディスプレイと一緒に使用するためのタッチスクリーン
に関し、より具体的には、グレアを低下させ、ディスプ
レイコントラストを高める円偏光要素の使用に関する。 【０００２】 【従来の技術】放射することができるフラットディスプ
レイ装置は、コンピュータ装置、特にポータブル装置と
組み合わせて広く用いられる。これらのディスプレイ
は、ポータブル装置、又はディスプレイを駆動するため
に使用するコンピュータと組み合わさるキーボードが非
実用的であるような公共の領域に用いられることが多
い。このような状況では、ディスプレイに対してタッチ
スクリーンインターフェイスが用いられることが多い。 【０００３】タッチスクリーンは、機械的に接触すると
信号を提供する、ディスプレイ上方又はディスプレイ上
に配置される装置である。容量性（capacitive）、表面
弾性波、赤外線、及び抵抗性（４線式又は５線式）を含
んで用いられる多種多様の検出方法がある。赤外法の他
は、これらの方法はいずれも上部又は内部に種々の信号
と検出装置が組み込まれる硬質基体に頼っている。 【０００４】図１は従来技術のタッチスクリーン１０を
示す。タッチスクリーン１０は透明基体１２を含む。こ
の基体１２は、一般的には硬質であり、通常はガラスで
あるが、ときには軟質材料、例えば、プラスチック等が
用いられる。タッチスクリーン１０の接触感知素子１４
を形成する材料の種々の追加の層が基体１２の上部に形
成される。接触感知素子１４は接触の位置を計算するの
に用いることができる様式で、客体による接触を検出す
るのに必要な変換器及び回路を含む。ケーブル１６は、
種々の信号をやりとりできるようにタッチスクリーン１
０の回路に接続されている。ケーブル１６の他端は外部
コントローラ１８に接続されている。外部コントローラ
１８はタッチスクリーン１０に対する種々の信号の適用
を調整し、接触の（Ｘ、Ｙ）座標を求めるために、接触
に対する接触感知素子のレスポンスに基づいて計算を行
う。 【０００５】この基本構造を用いる一般的に使用されて
いる３種類のタッチスクリーン技法がある。即ち、抵抗
性、容量性及び表面弾性波（ＳＡＷ）タッチスクリーン
である。これらの技法の詳細は、Scott Smithの「Weigh
ing in touch technology」（Control Solutions Magaz
ine, 2000年5月発行）を参照されたい。 【０００６】抵抗性タッチスクリーンには、４線式、５
線式及び８線式の３種類がある。これら３つのタイプは
似たような構造を有する。図２のａは抵抗性タッチスク
リーン１０の正面図を示す。図２のｂは抵抗性タッチス
クリーン１０の側面図を示す。この抵抗性タッチスクリ
ーン１０の接触抵抗素子１４は、下部回路層２０、スペ
ーサードット２４のマトリックスを有するフレキシブル
スペーサー層２２、フレキシブル上部回路層２６、及び
フレキシブルトップ保護層２８を含む。これらの層は全
て透明である。下部回路層２０は基体１２上に回路パタ
ーンを形成する導電性材料を含むことが多い。 【０００７】４線式、５線式、及び８線式タッチスクリ
ーンの大きな違いは、下部回路層２０及び上部回路層２
６内の回路パターン並びに抵抗測定を行う手段である。
外部コントローラ１８はケーブル１６を介してタッチス
クリーン回路構成に接続されている。ケーブル１６内の
導線は、下部回路層２０と上部回路層２６内の回路構成
に接続されている。外部コントローラ１８はタッチスク
リーン回路素子に印加する電圧を調節する。 【０００８】抵抗性タッチスクリーンが押されると、押
している物体（指、スタイラス、又は他の物体）がトッ
プ保護層２８、上部回路層２６及びスペーサー層２２を
変形させ、触った点のところで、下部回路層２０と上部
回路層２６との間に導電路を形成する。触った点のとこ
ろで回路内の相対抵抗に比例して電圧が形成され、これ
をケーブル１６の他端に接続されている外部コントロー
ラ１８で測定する。そしてコントローラ１８は触れた点
の（Ｘ、Ｙ）座標を計算する。抵抗性タッチスクリーン
の操作の詳細は、「Touch Screen Controller Tips」,
Application Bulletin AB-158, Burr-Brown, Inc. (Tuc
son, Arizona), 2000年4月, 1-9頁を参照されたい。 【０００９】図３のａは容量感知タッチスクリーン１０
の正面図を示す。図３のｂは容量感知タッチスクリーン
１０の側面図を示す。接触感知素子１４は基体１２の上
に形成された透明金属酸化物層３０を含む。金属接点３
２、３４、３６及び３８はタッチスクリーン１０のコー
ナー部のところで金属酸化物層３０上に配置されてい
る。これらの金属接点は、回路構成３１によってケーブ
ル１６内の導線に接続されている。外部コントローラ１
８が、金属接点３２、３４、３６及び３８に印加する電
圧を印加し、基体１２の表面に均一電場を創出し、その
電場は透明金属酸化物層３０全体に広がる。指又は他の
導電性物体がタッチスクリーンに触れると、それがスク
リーンと容量的に結合して、微小量の電流を接触点に流
させ、その場合、各コーナー接点からの電流は当該接点
から接触点までの距離に比例する。コントローラ１８に
よって電流の割合を測定し、接触点の（Ｘ、Ｙ）座標を
計算する。Redmayneの米国特許第5,650,597号(1997年7
月22日発行)明細書には、差動感知（differential sens
ing）と呼ばれる技術を利用する容量タッチスクリーン
技法の変法が記載されている。 【００１０】図４のａは、弾性表面波（ＳＡＷ）タッチ
スクリーン１０の正面図を示す。図４のｂは、ＳＡＷタ
ッチスクリーン１０の側面図を示す。接触感知素子１４
は音響変換器４６の配置及び基体１２の面上に形成され
た音波リフレクタ４８を含む。音波リフレクタ４８は、
基体表面に沿って伝達する高周波数音波を反射すること
ができ、特有の波長反射の助けとなるパターン中に置か
れる。４つの音響変換器４６は基体１２上に形成され、
基体表面上で音波を発射し、そして感知するために用い
られる。ケーブル１６は基体１２に結合され、音響変換
器４６を外部コントローラ１８に接続する導線を含む。
この外部コントローラ１８は、信号を音響変換器４６に
適用し、基体１２にわたって発せられる高周波数音波を
生じる。物体がタッチスクリーンに触れると、音波場が
乱される。変換器４６によってこの乱れを検出し、外部
コントローラ１８はこの情報を用いて触れた点の（Ｘ、
Ｙ）座標を計算する。 【００１１】図５は、Littman等の米国特許第5,688,551
号（1997年11月18日発行）明細書に記載されたタイプの
典型的な有機発光ダイオード（ＯＬＥＤ）フラットパネ
ルディスプレイ４９を示す。ＯＬＥＤディスプレイはこ
のディスプレイ装置に機械的な支持を提供する基体５０
を含む。基体５０は典型的にガラスであるが、他の材
料、例えば、プラスチックを用いることもできる。発光
素子５２は、導電体５４、ホール注入層５６、有機発光
層５８、電子輸送層６０、及び金属カソード層６２を含
む。ケーブル６７を介して発光素子５２に電源６４によ
って電圧が加えられると、光６６が基体５０を通って放
出されるか、あるいは透明カソード層６２を通って放出
される。 【００１２】従来、フラットパネルディスプレイと一緒
にタッチスクリーンを用いる場合、タッチスクリーンは
単にフラットパネルディスプレイの上に置かれ、フレー
ム等の機械的な取り付け手段で両者が一緒に保持されて
いた。図６はＯＬＥＤフラットパネルディスプレイの上
に取り付けられたタッチスクリーンの従来の配置を示
す。タッチスクリーンとＯＬＥＤディスプレイを組み立
てた後、二つの基体１２及び５０は、フレーム６８内に
一緒に配置される。ときには、ニュートンリングを防止
するために、スペーサー７２を挿入することによって、
幅の細いエアギャップが基体１２と５０との間に追加さ
れる。 【００１３】 【発明が解決しようとする課題】フラットパネルディス
プレイは、タッチスクリーンをこのディスプレイと共に
用いる場合にも存在する問題を有する。図７（従来技術
を示す）に具体的に記載するように、フラットパネル又
はタッチスクリーンの前面に入射する周囲光が、その前
面から観者の目に反射する。図７では、構成部品１２及
び１４を用いるタッチスクリーンが構成部品５０及び５
２を用いるディスプレイ上に置かれている。光１００が
放出される光１０１と一緒に構成部品の表面から反射さ
れる。この反射光１００（即ち、グレア）は、観者に到
達する発光ディスプレイ１０１由来の光の割合を低下さ
せるので、知覚されるディスプレイのブライトネス及び
有効コントラストを低下させる。この問題は一般的に偏
光フィルター（通常、円偏光）を観者と反射面との間に
置くことによって対処される。図８は、ディスプレイ上
に置かれたフィルター１１０を表し、図９はタッチスク
リーン上に置かれたフィルター１１０を表す。しかし、
タッチスクリーンを備えた複合フラットパネルディスプ
レイ内に追加のフィルターを用いると、更なる処理工程
を新たに作り、追加の構成部品を必要とし、追加の中間
層反射を引き起こし、コストを高くし、信頼性を低下さ
せ、性能を低下させる。 【００１４】従って、反射を低下させディスプレイのコ
ントラストを増加させ、同時に製造コストを抑えるＯＬ
ＥＤフラットパネルディスプレイを用いる改良されたタ
ッチスクリーンのニーズがある。 【００１５】 【課題を解決するための手段】上述のニーズは、トップ
面と底部面とを有する基体、基体の前記トップ面に配置
された複数のタッチスクリーン要素、及び有機発光ダイ
オード（ＯＬＥＤ）ディスプレイのグレアを低下させ、
コントラストを向上させるための偏光要素を含んで成
る、有機発光ダイオードディスプレイと共に用いるため
のタッチスクリーンであって、前記偏光要素が前記タッ
チスクリーンの一体部分であるタッチスクリーンを提供
する本発明に従って達成される。 【００１６】 【発明の実施の形態】本発明のＯＬＥＤディスプレイ装
置は、ＯＬＥＤディスプレイと一緒に用いるタッチスク
リーンの現行の構成部品に偏光材料を組み込みことによ
って、周囲光反射の問題を克服する。偏光ガラス及びプ
ラスチックフィルムは当該技術分野では周知であり、シ
ート形態で入手可能であり、タッチスクリーン及びＯＬ
ＥＤディスプレイ内で使用するのに適した機械的特性と
化学的特性を備えている。 【００１７】本発明を適用できるいくつかの態様があ
る。第一の態様では、タッチスクリーンの基体１２それ
自体が偏光要素を受け入れる。図１０を参照すると、タ
ッチスクリーン１０は偏光基体１２０（基体１２の代わ
り）及びタッチスクリーン要素１４を含む。タッチスク
リーンは基体５０と発光素子５２とを備えたＯＬＥＤデ
ィスプレイ４９の上に置かれている。偏光基体１２０
は、この基体を通過する周囲光を吸収するが、ＯＬＥＤ
ディスプレイ４９から放出される光は吸収しない。一般
的な円偏光子は、４分の１波長板上の直線偏光子からな
る。光が直線偏光子を通過するとそれは直線偏光に変え
られる。光が４分の１波長板を通過すると、この偏光は
回転偏光に変えられる。光が逆方向に反射されると回転
が反転する。反転されるとその反射光は４分の１波長板
を再度通過して反対方向に通過し、直線偏光が再度行わ
れるが、反転のために偏光は元の状態から９０度となっ
ており、この光は直線偏光子によって吸収される。放出
された光は円偏光子を一回だけ通過するが、これは吸収
されない。円偏光子は軟質プラスチック及び硬質ガラス
とも種々の構成で、3M Inc.から市販されている。 【００１８】図１１を参照する第二の態様では、偏光基
体１２２は、要素１２及び５０の代わりに、タッチスク
リーン１０の基体及びＯＬＥＤディスプレイ４９の基体
の両方として作用し、図６に記載のスペーサー７２の必
要性が除かれる。図１０及び１１のいずれかの態様で
は、本発明は、容量性、表面弾性波、又は抵抗性タッチ
スクリーン技法のいずれにも適用可能である。これらの
適用は、基体の機械的な品質だけが異なる。例えば、表
面弾性波基体は抵抗性装置に必要な厚みよりも厚いと考
えられる。 【００１９】図１２を参照する抵抗性タッチスクリーン
装置に適用できる第三の態様では、基体は偏光材料を含
まない。その代わり、図２のｂに示したフレキシブル保
護層２８をフレキシブル偏光保護層１２４に置き換え
る。 【００２０】図１３を参照する抵抗性タッチスクリーン
１０の第四の態様では、ＯＬＥＤディスプレイ４９に関
連する共通の基体５０を一緒に使う。図２のｂに示した
タッチスクリーン１０内のタッチスクリーン構成部品１
４のフレキシブル保護層２８をフレキシブル偏光保護層
１２４に置き換える。 【００２１】本発明の好ましい態様では、Tang等の米国
特許第4,769,292号(1988年9月6日発行)及びVanSlyke等
の米国特許第5,061,569号(1991年10月29日発行)明細書
に記載されたような、小分子量又はポリマー有機発光ダ
イオード（ＯＬＥＤ）から構成される有機発光ダイオー
ドを含む装置に用いられるがこれらに限定するものでは
ない。その様な装置の製造するために、有機発光ディス
プレイの多種多様の組合せを用いることができる。 【発明の効果】本発明は、別個の偏光フィルター層の必
要性を除去することによって、ＯＬＥＤフラットパネル
ディスプレイと共に用いられるタッチスクリーンの、コ
ストを低下させ、信頼性と性能を向上させるという利点
を有する。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a touch screen for use with an organic light emitting diode display, and more particularly to reducing glare and increasing display contrast. Related to the use of circularly polarizing elements. [0002] Emissive flat display devices are widely used in combination with computer devices, especially portable devices. These displays are often used in portable devices or in public areas where a keyboard in combination with a computer used to drive the display is impractical. In such situations, a touch screen interface is often used for the display. [0003] A touch screen is a device located above or on a display that provides a signal upon mechanical contact. There are a wide variety of detection methods used, including capacitive, surface acoustic wave, infrared, and resistive (4- or 5-wire). In addition to the infrared method, all of these methods rely on a rigid substrate on or in which various signals and detection devices are incorporated. FIG. 1 shows a touch screen 10 of the prior art. The touch screen 10 includes a transparent substrate 12. The substrate 12 is generally hard and usually glass, but sometimes a soft material such as plastic is used. Touch sensing element 14 of touch screen 10
Various additional layers of the material forming are formed on top of the substrate 12. Touch sensing element 14 includes the necessary transducers and circuitry to detect contact by an object in a manner that can be used to calculate the location of the contact. The cable 16
Touch screen 1 for exchanging various signals
0 circuit. The other end of the cable 16 is connected to an external controller 18. External controller 18 coordinates the application of various signals to touch screen 10 and performs calculations based on the response of the touch-sensitive element to the touch to determine the (X, Y) coordinates of the touch. There are three commonly used touch screen techniques that use this basic structure. That is, a resistive, capacitive and surface acoustic wave (SAW) touch screen. For more information on these techniques, see Scott Smith's "Weigh
ing in touch technology ”(Control Solutions Magaz
ine, published May 2000). [0006] Resistive touch screens include 4-wire, 5
There are three types: wire type and 8-wire type. These three types have similar structures. FIG. 2 a shows a front view of the resistive touch screen 10. FIG. 2 b shows a side view of the resistive touch screen 10. The contact resistance element 14 of the resistive touch screen 10 includes a lower circuit layer 20, a flexible spacer layer 22 having a matrix of spacer dots 24, a flexible upper circuit layer 26, and a flexible top protection layer 28. All of these layers are transparent. Lower circuit layer 20 often includes a conductive material that forms a circuit pattern on substrate 12. The major difference between the 4-wire, 5-wire, and 8-wire touch screens is that the lower circuit layer 20 and the upper circuit layer 2
6 is a means for measuring the circuit pattern and resistance in 6.
External controller 18 is connected to touch screen circuitry via cable 16. The conductors in the cable 16 are connected to the circuit configuration in the lower circuit layer 20 and the upper circuit layer 26. The external controller 18 adjusts the voltage applied to the touch screen circuit element. When the resistive touch screen is pressed, the object being pressed (a finger, stylus, or other object) deforms the top protective layer 28, the upper circuit layer 26, and the spacer layer 22, and at the point of touch, the lower A conductive path is formed between the circuit layer 20 and the upper circuit layer 26. At the touched point, a voltage is formed in proportion to the relative resistance in the circuit, which is measured by an external controller 18 connected to the other end of the cable 16. Then, the controller 18 calculates the (X, Y) coordinates of the touched point. See “Touch Screen Controller Tips”,
Application Bulletin AB-158, Burr-Brown, Inc. (Tuc
son, Arizona), April 2000, pages 1-9. FIG. 3A shows a capacitive sensing touch screen 10.
FIG. FIG. 3 b shows a side view of the capacitive sensing touch screen 10. Touch sensing element 14 includes a transparent metal oxide layer 30 formed on substrate 12. Metal contact 3
2, 34, 36 and 38 are disposed on the metal oxide layer 30 at the corners of the touch screen 10. These metal contacts are connected to conductors in cable 16 by circuitry 31. External controller 1
8 applies a voltage to the metal contacts 32, 34, 36 and 38, creating a uniform electric field on the surface of the substrate 12, which electric field spreads throughout the transparent metal oxide layer 30. When a finger or other conductive object touches the touch screen, it capacitively couples with the screen, causing a small amount of current to flow to the point of contact, where the current from each corner contact comes from that contact. It is proportional to the distance to the point. The controller 18 measures the current ratio and calculates the (X, Y) coordinates of the contact point. Redmayne U.S. Pat.No. 5,650,597 (July 1997
Issued on March 22) The statement includes differential sens
A variant of the capacitive touch screen technique utilizing a technique called ing) is described. FIG. 4a shows a front view of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) touch screen 10. FIG. FIG. 4 b shows a side view of the SAW touch screen 10. Touch sensing element 14
Includes an acoustic transducer 46 and a sonic reflector 48 formed on the surface of the substrate 12. The sound wave reflector 48
High frequency sound waves traveling along the surface of the substrate can be reflected and placed in a pattern that aids in specific wavelength reflections. Four acoustic transducers 46 are formed on the substrate 12,
Used to emit and sense sound waves on the substrate surface. Cable 16 is coupled to substrate 12 and includes conductors connecting acoustic transducer 46 to external controller 18.
This external controller 18 applies the signal to the acoustic transducer 46 to generate high frequency sound waves that are emitted across the substrate 12. When an object touches the touch screen, the acoustic field is disturbed. This disturbance is detected by the converter 46, and the external controller 18 uses this information to detect the point (X,
Y) Calculate the coordinates. FIG. 5 is a U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,551 to Littman et al.
No. (issued November 18, 1997) shows a typical organic light emitting diode (OLED) flat panel display 49 of the type described in the specification. The OLED display has a substrate 50 that provides mechanical support to the display device.
including. The substrate 50 is typically glass, but other materials, such as plastic, can be used. The light emitting device 52 includes a conductor 54, a hole injection layer 56, an organic light emitting layer 58, an electron transport layer 60, and a metal cathode layer 62. When a voltage is applied to the light emitting element 52 by the power supply 64 via the cable 67, the light 66 is emitted through the substrate 50 or emitted through the transparent cathode layer 62. Conventionally, when a touch screen is used together with a flat panel display, the touch screen is simply placed on the flat panel display and both are held together by a mechanical mounting means such as a frame. FIG. 6 shows a conventional arrangement of a touch screen mounted on an OLED flat panel display. After assembling the touch screen and the OLED display, the two substrates 12 and 50 are placed together in a frame 68. Sometimes, to prevent Newton rings, by inserting a spacer 72,
A narrow air gap is added between the substrates 12 and 50. [0013] Flat panel displays have a problem that also exists when a touch screen is used with the display. As specifically described in FIG. 7 (showing the prior art), ambient light incident on the front surface of a flat panel or touch screen reflects off the viewer's eyes from the front surface. In FIG. 7, touch screens using components 12 and 14 are shown as components 50 and 5
2 on a display. Light 100 is reflected from the surface of the component together with the emitted light 101. This reflected light 100 (ie, glare) reduces the percentage of light from the light emitting display 101 that reaches the viewer, thus reducing the perceived brightness and effective contrast of the display. This problem is generally addressed by placing a polarizing filter (usually circularly polarized light) between the viewer and the reflective surface. FIG. 8 shows the filter 110 placed on the display, and FIG. 9 shows the filter 110 placed on the touch screen. But,
The use of additional filters in a composite flat panel display with a touch screen creates additional processing steps, requires additional components, causes additional interlayer reflections, increases costs, and increases reliability. And reduce the performance. Thus, OLs that reduce reflection and increase display contrast, while at the same time reducing manufacturing costs.
There is a need for improved touch screens using ED flat panel displays. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0015] The foregoing needs are addressed by a substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, a plurality of touch screen elements disposed on the top surface of the substrate, and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. Lowers the glare of
A touch screen for use with an organic light emitting diode display comprising a polarizing element for enhancing contrast, achieved in accordance with the present invention providing a touch screen wherein the polarizing element is an integral part of the touch screen. . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The OLED display device of the present invention overcomes the problem of ambient light reflection by incorporating polarizing materials into the current components of a touch screen used with an OLED display. Polarized glass and plastic films are well known in the art and are available in sheet form, touch screens and OL
It has mechanical and chemical properties suitable for use in ED displays. There are several embodiments to which the present invention can be applied. In a first embodiment, the touch screen substrate 12 itself receives the polarizing element. Referring to FIG. 10, the touch screen 10 includes a polarizing substrate 120 (instead of the substrate 12) and a touch screen element 14. The touch screen is placed on an OLED display 49 having a base 50 and a light emitting element 52. Polarizing substrate 120
Absorbs ambient light passing through this substrate,
Light emitted from the display 49 is not absorbed. A typical circular polarizer consists of a linear polarizer on a quarter wave plate. When light passes through a linear polarizer, it is converted to linearly polarized light. As the light passes through the quarter wave plate, this polarization is changed to rotational polarization. The rotation is reversed when the light is reflected in the opposite direction. When inverted, the reflected light passes through the quarter-wave plate again and passes in the opposite direction, and linear polarization is performed again. However, the polarization is 90 degrees from the original state due to the inversion, This light is absorbed by the linear polarizer. The emitted light passes through the circular polarizer only once, but it is not absorbed. Circular polarizers are available from 3M Inc. in various configurations, both soft plastic and hard glass. In the second embodiment, referring to FIG. 11, the polarizing substrate 122 acts as both the substrate of the touch screen 10 and the substrate of the OLED display 49, instead of the elements 12 and 50, and the spacer of FIG. The need for 72 is eliminated. In any of the aspects of FIGS. 10 and 11, the present invention is applicable to any of the capacitive, surface acoustic wave, or resistive touch screen techniques. These applications differ only in the mechanical quality of the substrate. For example, a surface acoustic wave substrate may be thicker than required for a resistive device. In a third embodiment applicable to the resistive touch screen device with reference to FIG. 12, the substrate does not include a polarizing material. Instead, the flexible protective layer 28 shown in FIG. In a fourth embodiment of the resistive touch screen 10 with reference to FIG. 13, a common substrate 50 associated with the OLED display 49 is used together. Touch screen component 1 in touch screen 10 shown in FIG.
4 is replaced with a flexible polarization protective layer 124. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, Tang et al., US Pat. No. 4,769,292 (issued Sep. 6, 1988) and VanSlyke et al., US Pat. No. 5,061,569 (issued Oct. 29, 1991) are described. Such devices are used in, but not limited to, devices that include organic light emitting diodes composed of small molecular weight or polymer organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). A wide variety of combinations of organic light emitting displays can be used to manufacture such devices. The present invention has the advantage of reducing the cost, improving reliability and performance of a touch screen used with an OLED flat panel display by eliminating the need for a separate polarizing filter layer. .

【図面の簡単な説明】 【図１】図１は、従来技術のタッチスクリーンの基本構
造を示す。 【図２】図２のａ及びｂは、従来技術の抵抗性タッチス
クリーンの構造を示す。 【図３】図３のａ及びｂは、従来技術の容量性タッチス
クリーンの構造を示す。 【図４】図４のａ及びｂは、従来技術の表面弾性波タッ
チスクリーンの構造を示す。 【図５】図５は、従来技術の有機発光ダイオード（ＯＬ
ＥＤ）ディスプレイの構造を示す。 【図６】図６は、従来技術で達成されていたＯＬＥＤと
タッチスクリーンとの組合せを示す。 【図７】図７は、ディスプレイ素子の表面から反射する
光の問題点を説明する図である。 【図８】図８は、従来技術で行われていたグレアを低下
させるための偏光フィルターの使用を示す。 【図９】図９は、従来技術で行われていたグレアを低下
させるための偏光フィルターの使用を示す。 【図１０】図１０は、本発明のタッチスクリーン及び発
光ディスプレイを説明する図である。 【図１１】図１１は、タッチスクリーン及び発光ディス
プレイが共通の基体を分け合っている、本発明のタッチ
スクリーン及び発光ディスプレイを説明する図である。 【図１２】図１２は、タッチスクリーン及び発光ディス
プレイが共通の基体を分け合っている、本発明の抵抗性
タッチスクリーン及び発光ディスプレイを説明する図で
ある。 【図１３】図１３は、タッチスクリーン及び発光ディス
プレイが共通の基体を分け合っている、本発明のタッチ
スクリーン及び発光ディスプレイを説明する図である。 【符号の説明】 １０…タッチスクリーン １２…基体 １４…接触感知素子 １６…ケーブル １８…外部コントローラ ２０…下部回路層 ２４…スペーサードット ２６…フレキシブル上部回路層 ２８…フレキシブルトップ保護層 ３０…透明金属酸化物層 ３２…金属接点 ４６…音響変換器 ４８…音波リフレクタ ４９…ＯＬＥＤディスプレイ ５２…発光素子 ５６…ホール注入層 ５８…有機発光層 ６０…電子輸送層 ６２…金属カソード層 １０１…発光ディスプレイ １１０…フィルター １２２…偏光基体 １２４…フレキシブル偏光保護層BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a conventional touch screen. 2a and 2b show the structure of a prior art resistive touch screen. 3a and 3b show the structure of a prior art capacitive touch screen. 4a and 4b show the structure of a prior art surface acoustic wave touch screen. FIG. 5 shows a prior art organic light emitting diode (OL)
ED) Shows the structure of the display. FIG. 6 shows the combination of OLED and touch screen achieved in the prior art. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a problem of light reflected from a surface of a display element. FIG. 8 illustrates the use of a polarizing filter to reduce glare as was done in the prior art. FIG. 9 illustrates the use of a polarizing filter to reduce glare as is done in the prior art. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a touch screen and a light emitting display according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a touch screen and a light emitting display of the present invention in which the touch screen and the light emitting display share a common base. FIG. 12 illustrates a resistive touch screen and a light emitting display of the present invention where the touch screen and the light emitting display share a common substrate. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a touch screen and a light emitting display of the present invention in which the touch screen and the light emitting display share a common base. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Touch screen 12 ... Substrate 14 ... Touch sensing element 16 ... Cable 18 ... External controller 20 ... Lower circuit layer 24 ... Spacer dot 26 ... Flexible upper circuit layer 28 ... Flexible top protective layer 30 ... Transparent metal oxide Material layer 32 Metal contact 46 Sound transducer 48 Sound wave reflector 49 OLED display 52 Light emitting element 56 Hole injection layer 58 Organic light emitting layer 60 Electron transport layer 62 Metal cathode layer 101 Light emitting display 110 Filter 122: polarizing substrate 124: flexible polarizing protective layer

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 【請求項１】 ａ）トップ面と底部面とを有する基体、 ｂ）基体の前記トップ面に配置された複数のタッチスク
リーン要素、及び ｃ）有機発光ダイオードディスプレイのグレアを低下さ
せ、コントラストを向上させるための偏光要素を含んで
成る、有機発光ダイオードディスプレイと共に用いるた
めのタッチスクリーンであって、前記偏光要素が前記タ
ッチスクリーンの一体部分であるタッチスクリーン。1. A substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, b) a plurality of touch screen elements disposed on said top surface of the substrate, and c) a glare of an organic light emitting diode display. A touchscreen for use with an organic light emitting diode display, comprising a polarizing element for reducing and increasing contrast, wherein the polarizing element is an integral part of the touchscreen.
JP2002149222A 2001-05-24 2002-05-23 Touch screen Pending JP2003036144A (en)

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US09/864,484 US7106307B2 (en) 2001-05-24 2001-05-24 Touch screen for use with an OLED display

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