JP2003026454A - Fireproof glass including hydrogel - Google Patents
Fireproof glass including hydrogelInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003026454A JP2003026454A JP2001211735A JP2001211735A JP2003026454A JP 2003026454 A JP2003026454 A JP 2003026454A JP 2001211735 A JP2001211735 A JP 2001211735A JP 2001211735 A JP2001211735 A JP 2001211735A JP 2003026454 A JP2003026454 A JP 2003026454A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- fire
- aqueous gel
- resistant
- fireproof glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/069—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of intumescent material
Landscapes
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
- Special Wing (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、建物の開口部やド
アなどにおいて、火災の延焼を防ぐために用いられる水
性ゲル入り防火ガラスに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】従来より、建物の火災の発生時において
は、火焔の伝播に対する防護、煙の拡散に対するバリヤ
ー、さらには輻射熱に対する遮蔽等の防火性能を有し、
しかも透視性のある窓部材が求められている。
【０００３】前述の要求に対しては、防火戸用の窓に網
入りガラスを用いたものが一般的に良く知られており従
来より広く使用されていた。しかしながら、網入りガラ
スはガラス板の内部に網があるために透過性がやや劣
り、断熱性が低く、耐火性能も必ずしも十分でないなど
の欠点がある。
【０００４】これらの欠点を解消するために、最近では
網入りガラスの他に、水性ゲルや水ガラスなどの発泡性
耐火物質を二枚の板ガラス間に充填したゲル入り防火ガ
ラス、あるいは各種耐熱性板ガラスを建物の外壁の窓、
室内の間仕切りあるいは通路等のドアの窓に設けたもの
が各種提案され実用化されてきている。
【０００５】例えば特公昭６０−２４０６３号公報に
は、２枚以上のガラスシートを相互に平行に配置し、ガ
ラスシートの空間にゲルを充填してなる耐火ペインにお
いて、前記ゲルが少なくとも1 種のアクリル酸誘導体を
含み、かつ、前記ゲルが蒸発熱の高い液、例えば水65〜
95重量％と、前記ゲルと混和性であって熱線下で熱絶縁
性の泡を形成し得る物質、例えばアルカリ金属塩もしく
はアンモニウム塩からなる群から選んだ可溶塩１〜20重
量％とを含むというものが開示されている。
【０００６】また例えば、特開平３−２８６０５８号公
報には、所定の間隔をもって平行に対設した一対の透明
な耐熱性結晶化ガラスの間に、水ガラスが封入された構
成が開示されている。
【０００７】さらに、本出願人は実開平５−６３５５８
号公報において、２枚のガラス板の間に水性ゲルを充填
した水性ゲル入り防火ガラスを開示している。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような、水性ゲル
入り防火ガラスは、板ガラスにフロート板ガラスあるい
は強化ガラスなどが用いられており、屋外火災による加
熱によって室外側板ガラスが熱割れし落下した後、充填
された水性ゲルの構造が変化することによって炎、煙、
輻射熱を遮断し、室内における安全性の確保に有効であ
ることが知られているが、消防士の消火による放水が始
まると、室内側の板ガラスが急激に冷やされ、ガラス板
内に温度差（温度ムラ）が生じることで熱割れが発生し
破砕してしまう恐れがあり、防火ガラスとしての機能が
なくなる。また、破砕したガラス片が飛散して、避難者
の安全性を損なうという問題があった。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の水性ゲル入り防
火ガラスは、水性ゲル入り防火ガラスにおいて、線膨張
率が４．５×１０-6／℃以下の低膨張ガラスを用いるこ
とを特徴とする水性ゲル入り防火ガラスである。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】本発明において用いる水性ゲル入
り防火ガラスについて、以下に説明する。
【００１１】スペーサーを介して２枚のガラス板を対向
して平行に隔置し、２枚のガラス板とスペーサーで形成
される密閉空間に水性ゲルを充填して防火ガラスが構成
される。スペーサーは、水性ゲルを注入するための孔を
少なくても１箇所以上設けておく。
【００１２】火災が起こると想定した面のガラス板とし
ては、無機質の透明ガラス板であって、無色または着
色、ならびにその種類あるいは色調、形状等に特に限定
されるものではなく、フロートガラス等の未強化ガラ
ス、強化ガラスや強度アップガラス等各種加工ガラス板
も使用できる。
【００１３】低膨張防火ガラスには、結晶ガラス、シリ
カガラスあるいはホウケイ酸ガラスなどが使用でき、１
ｍ角サイズの窓において用いることを想定すると、膨張
率が４．５×１０-6／℃以下であることが好ましい。ま
た、硼珪酸ガラスで作製したガラス板のエッジを研磨し
上げし、熱処理などしたものを用いることが望ましい。
【００１４】スペーサーとガラス板とはポリイソブチレ
ン、ポリイソブチレン−ブチル系、ブチル系等の合成ゴ
ム系の非透水性かつ粘着性接着剤で接着するのが好まし
い。
【００１５】尚、通常接着剤中の補強充填剤として、シ
リカ、ホワイトカーボン、酸化チタン、珪酸マグネシウ
ム、珪酸アルミニウム等、粘着性付与剤として不飽和炭
化水素系樹脂、クロマン樹脂、テルペン樹脂、ロジン誘
導体等も適宜添加できる。
【００１６】前記接着剤はガラス質板状体が外気圧変動
や水性ゲルの膨縮により撓んでも、粘着力を以てこれを
広い温度域で保持することができ、また水性ゲルにおけ
る水性媒体の逸出を阻止し、長期にわたり安定性を維持
するものである。
【００１７】さらにスペーサーの外周部は同様な合成ゴ
ム系シーリング材、例えばシリコーン系、多硫化ゴム
系、ポリウレタン系、ポリブタジエン−ポリスチレン系
ゴム等のシーリング材で封着する。
【００１８】該シーリング材中には適宜耐熱無機材粉等
の充填剤その他の添加剤を混合できる。該シーリング材
は、もちろん粘着性を有するものであるが、特にガラス
板およびスペーサーを堅固に保持し、水性ゲルの外部と
の遮断をより完全にするうえで重要な構成要素である。
【００１９】水性ゲルは、アクリル酸ナトリウムビニー
ルアルコール共重合体、ポリアクリロニトリル系重合体
ケン化物などのアクリル系の合成高分子類、ポリビニー
ルアルコール架橋重合体などのポリビニールアルコール
系の合成高分子類などの高吸水性ポリマーと、水と、シ
リカ等の無機物とを適宜配合したものであって、例え
ば、水４０〜７０重量％、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムな
どのアクリル系高吸水性モノマー５〜３０重量％、シリ
カ等の無機物１５〜４０重量％を混合した溶液である。
前記水性ゲルは、水性ゲルの液に水溶性染料を混合させ
て着色したものであっても良い。前記水性ゲルの溶液を
２枚のガラス板とスペーサーで形成される密閉空間に充
填し、紫外線を照射して架橋硬化させる。
【００２０】なお、ガラス板と水性ゲルとは適宜、厚み
等を変え複数層とすることでもよい。
【００２１】一方のガラス板面には紫外線を反射させる
紫外線反射膜を設けるようにしても良く、紫外線反射膜
としては、スパッタリング法、ＣＶＤ法、ゾルゲル法な
どによってガラス板に成膜された酸化金属膜もしくは金
属膜などであり、透明な高分子フィルムに設けて、ガラ
ス板に接着してもよい。
【００２２】
【実施例】以下、図面を参照しながら本発明を詳細に説
明する。
【００２３】実施例１
図１は、本発明による実施例の水性ゲル入り防火ガラス
の断面である。フロート板ガラス１と低膨張ガラス２と
を、周辺にコの字形のステンレス鋼で作製したスペーサ
ー３を介して１９ｍｍの間隔で対向配置し、接着剤４を
用いて一体化し、空気層が１９ｍｍ厚みの複層ガラスと
した。
【００２４】フロート板ガラス１および低膨張ガラス２
は、共にサイズが１０００ｍｍ×１０００ｍｍ、厚みが
５ｍｍのものを用いた。また低膨張ガラス２には、線膨
張係数が、３．３×１０-6／℃のホウケイ酸ガラスを用
いた。
【００２５】フロート板ガラス１および低膨張ガラス２
の水性ゲル層５と接する面には、シリコーン系シランカ
ップリング剤による表面処理を行った。
【００２６】スペーサー３のコーナー部には水性ゲルを
注入するための図示しない孔を設けた。
【００２７】次いで、前述のスペーサー３の孔付近を除
いて、シリコーン系のシーリング材６を全周に施した。
【００２８】シーリング材６が固化した後、スペーサー
３の孔より水性ゲルを注入し、紫外線を照射して水性ゲ
ルを固体化し水性ゲル層５とした。水性ゲル層５を形成
した後、孔付近のスペーサーの部位にもシーリング材６
を施し、水性ゲル入り防火ガラスとした。
【００２９】なお、水性ゲル層の作成には、水５０重量
％、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム２０重量％、シリカ３０
重量％を混合して得た溶液を用いた。
【００３０】比較例１
低膨張ガラスの代わりに強化ガラス７を用いた他は、全
て実施例１と同様にして、水性ゲル入り防火ガラスを作
製した。該強化ガラスには、サイズ１０００ｍｍ×１０
００ｍｍで、厚みが５ｍｍのものを用いた。
【００３１】実施例１と比較例１の水性ゲル入り防火ガ
ラスに対し、国際海事機関（ＩＭＯ）Ａ．７５４に基づ
く標準火災試験（船舶Ａ−６０等級防火窓試験、以後試
験と略称する）を行った。実施例１および比較例１の水
性ゲル入り防火ガラスに対し、共にフロート板ガラス１
側を加熱側にした。
【００３２】実施例１および比較例１の水性ゲル入り防
火ガラスは、共に、加熱時間６０分については試験を満
足した。加熱直後の放水試験（実施例１は低膨張ガラス
２側に放水、比較例１は強化ガラス７側に放水）で、比
較例１は、放水開始から３０秒後に強化ガラス７が破損
し、試験は不合格となった。実施例１は、放水開始から
２００秒経過しても低膨張ガラス２が破損せず、試験を
合格した。
【００３３】試験の結果から、本発明の水性ゲル入り防
火ガラスは、従来の水性ゲル入り防火ガラスに比較し、
火災時の放水に対しても構造が保持されるので、防火性
能および遮熱性能が長時間維持できることを確認した。
【００３４】
【発明の効果】本発明の水性ゲル入り防火ガラスは、防
火性能および遮熱性能を長時間保持できる防火ガラスを
提供することを可能にした。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel, which is used for preventing fire from spreading in an opening or a door of a building. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a building fire occurs, the building has fire protection performance such as protection against the propagation of a flame, a barrier against the diffusion of smoke, and a shield against radiant heat.
In addition, a transparent window member is required. [0003] In response to the above-mentioned requirements, those using netted glass for windows for fire doors are generally well known and have been widely used in the past. However, the netted glass has drawbacks in that the net is inside the glass plate, so that the permeability is slightly inferior, the heat insulation is low, and the fire resistance is not always sufficient. In order to solve these drawbacks, recently, in addition to netted glass, fire-resistant glass containing a gel filled with a foaming refractory material such as aqueous gel or water glass between two sheets of glass, or various heat-resistant glasses. Sheet glass on the exterior wall of the building,
A variety of devices provided in a partition window or a window of a door such as a passage have been proposed and put into practical use. [0005] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-24063 discloses a fire-resistant pane in which two or more glass sheets are arranged in parallel with each other and the space between the glass sheets is filled with a gel. A liquid containing an acrylic acid derivative, and the gel has a high heat of evaporation, such as water 65 to
95% by weight and 1-20% by weight of a soluble substance selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts or ammonium salts, which are miscible with the gel and capable of forming a thermally insulating foam under a hot wire. Is disclosed. [0006] For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-286058 discloses a configuration in which water glass is sealed between a pair of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glasses opposed in parallel at a predetermined interval. . [0007] Further, the present applicant has disclosed Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-open No. 5-63558.
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. H11-264, an aqueous gel-containing fire-resistant glass in which an aqueous gel is filled between two glass plates is disclosed. [0008] Such a fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel uses a float glass or a tempered glass as the glass, and the outdoor glass is thermally cracked and dropped by heating due to an outdoor fire. After that, the structure of the filled aqueous gel changes, causing flame, smoke,
It is known that it is effective in blocking radiant heat and ensuring indoor safety, but when firefighters begin to discharge water by extinguishing fire, the glass sheet on the indoor side is rapidly cooled and a temperature difference ( (Temperature unevenness) may cause thermal cracking and crushing, and the function as fireproof glass is lost. In addition, there is a problem that crushed glass fragments are scattered and impair the safety of evacuees. The fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel according to the present invention uses a low-expansion glass having a linear expansion coefficient of 4.5 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less in the fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel. This is a fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel used in the present invention will be described below. Two glass plates are opposed to each other in parallel with a spacer interposed therebetween, and a sealed space formed by the two glass plates and the spacer is filled with an aqueous gel to form fireproof glass. The spacer has at least one or more holes for injecting the aqueous gel. The glass plate on the surface where a fire is supposed to occur is an inorganic transparent glass plate, which is not particularly limited to colorless or colored, and its type, color tone, shape, etc. Various processed glass plates such as untempered glass, tempered glass, and glass with increased strength can also be used. Crystal glass, silica glass, borosilicate glass and the like can be used as the low expansion fire prevention glass.
Assuming use in an m-size window, the expansion coefficient is preferably 4.5 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less. Further, it is preferable to use a glass plate made of borosilicate glass which has been polished and heat-treated. The spacer and the glass plate are preferably bonded with a non-water-permeable and tacky adhesive of a synthetic rubber type such as polyisobutylene, polyisobutylene-butyl or butyl. Usually, silica, white carbon, titanium oxide, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, etc. are used as reinforcing fillers in the adhesive, and unsaturated hydrocarbon resins, chroman resins, terpene resins, rosin derivatives are used as tackifiers. Etc. can be added as appropriate. The adhesive can hold the vitreous plate in a wide temperature range with an adhesive force even if the vitreous plate is bent due to fluctuations in the external pressure or expansion and contraction of the aqueous gel. And keep the stability for a long time. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the spacer is sealed with a similar synthetic rubber-based sealing material, for example, a sealing material such as silicone-based, polysulfide-rubber-based, polyurethane-based or polybutadiene-polystyrene-based rubber. A filler such as heat-resistant inorganic material powder and other additives can be appropriately mixed into the sealing material. The sealing material is, of course, tacky, but is an important component particularly for firmly holding the glass plate and the spacer and more completely blocking the aqueous gel from the outside. Aqueous gels include acrylic synthetic polymers such as sodium acrylate vinyl alcohol copolymer and saponified polyacrylonitrile polymer, and polyvinyl alcohol based synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked polymer. And water and an inorganic substance such as silica. For example, 40 to 70% by weight of water and 5 to 30% by weight of an acrylic superabsorbent monomer such as sodium polyacrylate. %, 15 to 40% by weight of an inorganic substance such as silica.
The aqueous gel may be colored by mixing a water-soluble dye with a liquid of the aqueous gel. The solution of the aqueous gel is filled in a closed space formed by two glass plates and a spacer, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to be crosslinked and hardened. Incidentally, the glass plate and the aqueous gel may be formed into a plurality of layers by appropriately changing the thickness and the like. An ultraviolet reflective film for reflecting ultraviolet light may be provided on one glass plate surface. The ultraviolet reflective film may be a metal oxide film formed on a glass plate by a sputtering method, a CVD method, a sol-gel method, or the like. It is a film or a metal film, and may be provided on a transparent polymer film and bonded to a glass plate. The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Example 1 FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an aqueous gel-containing fire-resistant glass of an example according to the present invention. The float plate glass 1 and the low expansion glass 2 are arranged facing each other at intervals of 19 mm via spacers 3 made of U-shaped stainless steel around the periphery, integrated using an adhesive 4, and the air layer has a thickness of 19 mm. It was a double glazing. Float glass 1 and low expansion glass 2
Used were both 1000 mm × 1000 mm in size and 5 mm in thickness. As the low expansion glass 2, a borosilicate glass having a linear expansion coefficient of 3.3 × 10 −6 / ° C. was used. Float glass 1 and low expansion glass 2
The surface in contact with the aqueous gel layer 5 was subjected to a surface treatment with a silicone-based silane coupling agent. A hole (not shown) for injecting an aqueous gel was provided at a corner of the spacer 3. Next, a silicone-based sealing material 6 was applied to the entire periphery except for the vicinity of the hole of the spacer 3 described above. After the sealing material 6 was solidified, an aqueous gel was injected from the holes of the spacer 3 and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to solidify the aqueous gel to form an aqueous gel layer 5. After the formation of the aqueous gel layer 5, the sealing material 6 is also provided at the portion of the spacer near the hole.
To give a fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel. The aqueous gel layer was prepared by adding 50% by weight of water, 20% by weight of sodium polyacrylate, and 30% by weight of silica.
A solution obtained by mixing weight% was used. Comparative Example 1 A fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tempered glass 7 was used instead of the low expansion glass. The tempered glass has a size of 1000 mm × 10
One having a thickness of 00 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was used. The fire-resistant glass containing the aqueous gel of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 was compared with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) A. 754 standard fire test (ship A-60 grade fire window test, hereinafter abbreviated as test). For the fire-resistant glass containing the aqueous gel of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, both the float glass 1
The side was the heating side. Each of the fire-resistant glasses containing an aqueous gel of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 satisfied the test for a heating time of 60 minutes. In the water discharge test immediately after heating (Example 1 water was discharged to the low expansion glass 2 side, Comparative Example 1 water was discharged to the tempered glass 7 side). In Comparative Example 1, the tempered glass 7 was broken 30 seconds after the start of water discharge. Was rejected. In Example 1, the low expansion glass 2 was not damaged even after 200 seconds from the start of water discharge, and passed the test. From the results of the test, the fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel of the present invention was compared with the conventional fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel,
It was confirmed that the structure was maintained even when water was discharged in the event of fire, so that fire and heat insulation performance could be maintained for a long time. The fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel according to the present invention has made it possible to provide a fire-resistant glass capable of maintaining fire protection performance and heat shielding performance for a long time.
【図面の簡単な説明】 【図１】実施例１の水性ゲル入り防火ガラスの断面図。 【図２】比較例１の水性ゲル入り防火ガラスの断面図。 【符号の説明】 １ 板ガラス ２ 低膨張ガラス ３ スペーサー ４ ブチル系接着材 ５ 水性ゲル層 ６ シーリング材 ７ 強化ガラス[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel of Example 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel of Comparative Example 1. [Explanation of symbols] 1 flat glass 2 Low expansion glass 3 Spacer 4 butyl adhesive 5 aqueous gel layer 6 Sealing materials 7 Tempered glass
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 2E016 AA01 BA09 CA01 CB01 CC02 EA03 GA01 4G061 AA28 BA01 CA02 CB06 CB12 CD02 CD24 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page F-term (reference) 2E016 AA01 BA09 CA01 CB01 CC02 EA03 GA01 4G061 AA28 BA01 CA02 CB06 CB12 CD02 CD24
Claims (1)
率が４．５×１０-6／℃以下の低膨張ガラスを用いるこ
とを特徴とする水性ゲル入り防火ガラス。Claims: 1. A fire-resistant glass containing an aqueous gel, wherein a low-expansion glass having a coefficient of linear expansion of 4.5 × 10 −6 / ° C. or less is used.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001211735A JP2003026454A (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Fireproof glass including hydrogel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001211735A JP2003026454A (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Fireproof glass including hydrogel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2003026454A true JP2003026454A (en) | 2003-01-29 |
Family
ID=19046998
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2001211735A Pending JP2003026454A (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2001-07-12 | Fireproof glass including hydrogel |
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| JP (1) | JP2003026454A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110103429A (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2011-09-20 | 에이쥐씨 글래스 유럽 | Fireproof glazing |
| JP2013534509A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-09-05 | ヴェトロテック サン−ゴバン（インターナチオナル）アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Fireproof laminated glass |
| CN107892492A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-10 | 浙江树人学院 | A kind of flame resistant glass film based on the doping of PAS inorganic matrixes and its preparation method and application |
-
2001
- 2001-07-12 JP JP2001211735A patent/JP2003026454A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110103429A (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2011-09-20 | 에이쥐씨 글래스 유럽 | Fireproof glazing |
| KR101673041B1 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2016-11-04 | 에이쥐씨 글래스 유럽 | Fireproof glazing |
| JP2013534509A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-09-05 | ヴェトロテック サン−ゴバン（インターナチオナル）アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Fireproof laminated glass |
| CN107892492A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-10 | 浙江树人学院 | A kind of flame resistant glass film based on the doping of PAS inorganic matrixes and its preparation method and application |
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