JP2003018935A - Fertilizer applicating material - Google Patents
Fertilizer applicating materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003018935A JP2003018935A JP2001208941A JP2001208941A JP2003018935A JP 2003018935 A JP2003018935 A JP 2003018935A JP 2001208941 A JP2001208941 A JP 2001208941A JP 2001208941 A JP2001208941 A JP 2001208941A JP 2003018935 A JP2003018935 A JP 2003018935A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- iron
- steel slag
- diatomaceous earth
- fertilizer application
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水産資源の生育環
境改善と生産性向上に必要な施肥材に関する。さらに詳
しくは、海岸の底質を速やかに復元し、新たな水産資源
再生産領域を創造するに必要な化学施肥材に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fertilizer material necessary for improving the growth environment and productivity of marine resources. More specifically, it relates to a chemical fertilizer necessary for promptly restoring the bottom sediment of the coast and creating a new area for the reproduction of marine resources.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】今日、漁業は資源の枯渇から年々活力を
失っている状況にある。その要因は種々あるが、海岸の
変質が及ぼす影響は特に大きいものである。元来、光合
成を得られる海岸の底質は水産資源再生産の場として極
めて重要な場所であるが、岩礁または転石等で形成され
ている場所では、コンクリートブロックより溶出する水
酸化カルシウム等の弊害物質、地球温暖化傾向による海
水温の上昇等に起因する石灰藻類（ｃａｌｃａｒｅｏｕ
ｓ ａｌｇａｅ）の旺盛な繁殖によって、これまでに見
られなかった無生物領域拡大化が進み、その結果、資源
の枯渇を招き、漁業の衰退を一層加速している状況であ
る。2. Description of the Related Art Today, fisheries are losing their vitality year by year due to exhaustion of resources. There are various factors, but the impact of coastal alteration is particularly large. Originally, the sediment of the coast where photosynthesis can be obtained is a very important place for the reproduction of marine resources, but in the place formed by reefs or boulders, the harmful effects of calcium hydroxide etc. eluting from the concrete block. Substances, calcareous caused by rising seawater temperature due to global warming
The vigorous breeding of salgae) has promoted the expansion of inanimate areas, which has never been seen before, resulting in the depletion of resources and the accelerated decline of fisheries.
【０００３】石灰藻の繁殖には様々な要因があると言わ
れているが、石灰藻は好石灰植物であることが植物学で
明らかにされており、石灰藻はコンクリート等のアルカ
リ性の基質を選んで棲息し、繁殖する。It is said that there are various factors in the breeding of lime algae, but it has been revealed by botany that lime algae are lime-lime plants, and lime algae use alkaline substrates such as concrete. Choose to live and breed.
【０００４】また、、アルカリ性の少ない場所に住む嫌
石灰植物を石灰藻の繁殖した場所に置くと、活性化鉄の
欠乏によって嫌石灰植物が白化を引き起こすと言われて
いる。これを生物学上では石灰誘導白化といっている
が、海藻が植生していた海岸の底質にある岩や礫等が乳
白色を呈した基質面に変質する現象も石灰藻の繁殖に起
因するものである。It is also said that when a lime-dispersing plant that lives in a less alkaline place is placed in a place where lime alga breeds, the lime-depleting plant causes bleaching due to lack of activated iron. This is biologically called lime-induced bleaching, but the phenomenon that rocks and gravel in the bottom of the coast where seaweed was vegetated is transformed into a milky white matrix surface is also due to the growth of lime algae. Is.
【０００５】従って、磯焼け問題の解決にあたっては、
コンクリート等の石灰質が資源環境に及ぼす影響と、活
性化鉄の欠乏によって引き起される石灰誘導白化の二つ
の問題を解決する技術開発は急を要するもので、人類が
食糧の安定を求める上で極めて重要な課題である。Therefore, in solving the problem of beach burning,
Technological development that solves the two problems of the effects of limestone such as concrete on the resource environment and the lime-induced whitening caused by deficiency of activated iron is urgent, and human beings need to secure food stability. This is a very important issue.
【０００６】本発明者等は、水産資源再生産域にある海
岸環境保全技術について、コンクリート構造物より溶出
する水酸化カルシウム等の弊害物質を低減し、さらに鉄
イオン溶出を可能として、底棲動植物の生育環境を創造
する技術として、藻場増殖用溶剤（特公平１−５８９３
１号公報）、藻場増殖用粉体ならびにその使用方法（特
許第２６１７７８６号公報）、複層シート及びこれを用
いたコンクリート構造体の製造方法（特許第２５９８３
４８号公報）、コンクリート表面改質剤、表面改質シー
ト及び表面が改質されたコンクリート構造体の製造方法
（特許第３０６０１７４号公報）等を提案している。The inventors of the present invention have been able to reduce the harmful substances such as calcium hydroxide and the like eluted from the concrete structure in the coastal environment conservation technology in the fishery resource reproduction area, and further enable the elution of iron ions to make the bottom animals and plants. As a technology to create a growing environment for seaweed, a solvent for seaweed bed growth (Japanese Patent Publication 1-5893
No. 1), a powder for growing seaweed beds and a method of using the same (Japanese Patent No. 2617786), a multilayer sheet and a method for manufacturing a concrete structure using the same (Patent No. 25983).
No. 48), a concrete surface modifier, a surface modified sheet, and a method for producing a surface-modified concrete structure (Japanese Patent No. 3060174).
【０００７】しかし、一般に海洋コンクリートは重量物
であることから製作場所が限られ、上述の塗料の塗布、
あるいは表面改質シートを用いたコンクリート表面基質
変換技術工法等は、雨や風、又は気温の低下等によって
施工作業が妨げられやすく、その結果、材料費、施工
費、施工月数等に予期せぬ影響を与え、コストにも響い
て普及性に欠ける傾向があった。However, since the marine concrete is generally a heavy material, the manufacturing place is limited, and the coating of the above-mentioned paint,
Alternatively, the construction method of concrete surface substrate conversion technology using surface modification sheet is likely to hinder construction work due to rain, wind, or temperature drop, and as a result, expect material costs, construction costs, construction months, etc. It had a negative effect, affected the cost, and tended to be less popular.
【０００８】更に、本発明者等は、ナホトカ号石油流出
事故による海岸被災を契機に、水域における生態系回復
を目的とした施肥剤を提案し（特開２００１−７２号公
報）、その実用化試験を以下のとおり行っている。Furthermore, the present inventors proposed a fertilizer for the purpose of recovering the ecosystem in the water area in response to the coastal damage caused by the oil spill accident of Nakhodka (JP 2001-72A), and put it into practical use. The test is conducted as follows.
【０００９】即ち、平成１１年１１月１５日、富山湾沿
岸の海岸で磯焼けを助長する状態にある環境条件下にお
いて、水深４ｍで底質の一面が新しいコンクリートブロ
ックで覆われた人工リーフ（潜提）の上部面積１９００
ｍ2に対し、１ｍ2当り２ｋｇの割合で総量３８ｔの施肥
剤を、クレーン船と潜水夫によってコンクリートブロッ
ク表面に万遍なく散布した。[0009] That is, on November 15, 1999, under an environmental condition that promotes rock burning on the coast of Toyama Bay coast, an artificial reef at a depth of 4 m with one side of the bottom covered with a new concrete block ( The upper area of the submarine 1900
to m 2, fertilization agent of the total amount 38t at the rate of 1 m 2 per 2 kg, were sprayed on the concrete block surface evenly by divers and crane ship.
【００１０】平成１２年５月２６日に潜水調査を行った
結果、人工リーフを形成したコンクリートブロック表面
の全体はアオサとモズクの旺盛な植生によって覆われ、
想像以上の良好な底質環境が出現した。又、これらの旺
盛な藻類の植生によって動物の蝟集による発達した食物
連鎖機能が生れ、海底の各所で魚類の集まりと多くの貝
類の蝟集を観察した。As a result of a diving survey conducted on May 26, 2000, the entire surface of the concrete block having artificial reefs covered with vigorous vegetation of Aosa and Mozuku,
A better bottom environment than I had imagined appeared. In addition, these vigorous algae vegetation gave rise to a developed food chain function due to the collection of animals, and fish collections and many shellfish collections were observed at various places on the seabed.
【００１１】更に、平成１３年５月２０日、海岸調査を
行ったところ、施肥を行った場所の波打ち際の砂浜に
は、ワカメ、アオサ、ベニスナゴ、モズク、フクロノリ
等、多くの海藻が波によって打ち上げられ、波打ち際の
海面にも砂浜同様に多くの海藻が流れ藻となって漂って
いた。一方、これとは対照的に、施肥を行っていない隣
接の潜提ブロック設置場所の波打ち際には、この様な海
藻の打ち上げや波に漂っている流れ藻の光景等は一切見
られなかった。Furthermore, according to a coast survey conducted on May 20, 2001, many seaweeds such as wakame seaweed, sea lettuce, Venice nago, mozuku and fukuronori were washed up by the waves on the beach at the beach where fertilizer was applied. As a result, many seaweeds drifted to the surface of the sea as if they were sandy beaches. On the other hand, in contrast to this, at the time of waving at the adjacent submerged block installation site where fertilization was not applied, no such a scene of seaweed launching or drifting algae floating in the waves was seen.
【００１２】上記施肥剤は、実用化試験において極めて
有益な効果を得ることができた。即ち、施肥を行ってか
ら僅か６ヶ月の短期間で、海岸の底質を復元し、新たな
水産資源再生産領域を創造することができ、自然界に対
し、生態系に配慮した人為的技術の供与が、食料の生産
性向上に繋がることが明らかにされた。The fertilizer described above was able to obtain a very beneficial effect in a practical application test. In other words, it is possible to restore the bottom sediments of the coast and create a new area for fishery resource reproduction within a short period of only 6 months after fertilization is applied. It was clarified that donation leads to improvement of food productivity.
【００１３】しかし、施肥剤の主たる原料が天然塩と硫
酸鉄であることから、広く実用に供するには材料コスト
が多少高い傾向にあった。又、取り扱いにおいても、多
くの塩を用いるため７水和の鉄との配合によって常時湿
気をおび、保管や包装資材等に特別な配慮を要し、材料
コストとともに経済性に多少欠ける面があった。However, since the main raw materials for fertilizers are natural salts and iron sulfate, the material cost tends to be somewhat high for wide practical application. Also, in handling, since many salts are used, it is always moistened by blending with iron heptahydrate, special consideration is required for storage and packaging materials, and there is a point that the cost is not sufficient as well as the material cost. It was
【００１４】また、溶解性が優れているため、雨天や降
雪の時など散布作業が容易でないし、即効性を求められ
る底質改善の場合には優れた機能を発揮するものの、持
続性に多少難があった。Further, since it has excellent solubility, the spraying work is not easy in rainy weather or snowfall, and it exerts an excellent function in the case of improving the bottom sediment that requires immediate effect, but it has some sustainability. There was a problem.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、磯焼け現象
を引き起こしている石灰藻の繁殖を防ぐことと、既に磯
焼けになっている場所の復元に必要な施肥材及びその製
造方法を提供することを目的とする。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a fertilizer and a method for producing the fertilizer necessary for preventing the breeding of lime alga that causes the rock burning phenomenon and for restoring the area that has already been rock burning. The purpose is to do.
【００１６】また、本発明は、上記従来の施肥剤を改良
し、経済性に優れ、持続的効果を得られ、降雨・降雪時
などにおいても散布作業に支障がなく、しかも容易に製
造することができ、世に平易に普及され得る施肥材及び
その製造方法を提供することを目的とする。Further, the present invention is an improvement of the above-mentioned conventional fertilizers, which is excellent in economic efficiency, has a sustainable effect, does not hinder the spraying work even during rain or snow, and can be easily manufactured. An object of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer and a method for producing the fertilizer that can be easily spread around the world.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、上記目的
を達成すべく鋭意検討した結果、基質として低コストで
調達できる鉄鋼スラグ、あるいはコンクリート廃材を用
い、本発明者等のこれまでの提案で得られた知見に基づ
き、新たな技術開発を行った結果、本発明を完成するに
至った。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have used steel slag or concrete scrap material that can be procured at a low cost as a substrate, and The present invention has been completed as a result of developing new technology based on the knowledge obtained in the proposal.
【００１８】即ち、本発明の施肥材は、鉄鋼スラグ、コ
ンクリート廃材の少なくとも一方よりなる基質と、硫酸
鉄及び珪藻土とを少なくとも含み、粒状をなすことを特
徴とする。That is, the fertilizer application material of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one of a steel slag and a concrete waste material, and at least iron sulfate and diatomaceous earth to form a granular form.
【００１９】また、本発明の施肥材の製造方法は、鉄鋼
スラグ、コンクリート廃材の少なくとも一方よりなる基
質粉体と、硫酸鉄粉体、及び珪藻土粉体とを、造粒温度
５５〜８０℃で造粒する工程を有することを特徴とす
る。Further, the method for producing a fertilizer according to the present invention comprises a substrate powder made of at least one of steel slag and concrete waste material, iron sulfate powder and diatomaceous earth powder at a granulation temperature of 55-80 ° C. It is characterized by having a step of granulating.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.
【００２１】自立栄養植物としての水生緑色植物は、光
合成に必要な炭酸ガス以外の栄養を海水、淡水中から吸
収同化しており、ケイ素が吸収されている量が最も多
く、又、鉄も多く吸収していることが知られている。ま
た、鉄イオン（鉄はチトクロームの構成要素であること
から細胞内の電子伝達系に極めて重要なものである。）
は、水生緑色植物の生育過程で、海水に含まれる栄養イ
オンを吸収する際に必要であると考えられる。Aquatic green plants as self-supporting nutrient plants absorb and assimilate nutrients other than carbon dioxide gas required for photosynthesis from sea water and fresh water, and the amount of silicon absorbed is the largest, and the amount of iron is also large. It is known to absorb. In addition, iron ions (iron is a very important component of the electron transport system in cells because it is a constituent of cytochrome.)
Is considered to be necessary for absorbing nutrient ions contained in seawater during the growth process of aquatic green plants.
【００２２】そこで、本発明の施肥材は、細菌類、海藻
類或いは微生物の生育に必須な微量元素である硫酸鉄を
含有する。ここで、硫酸鉄としては、硫酸第一鉄、硫酸
第二鉄を使用できるが、硫酸鉄総量の８０ｗｔ％以上が
７水和の硫酸第一鉄であることが好ましい。Therefore, the fertilizer application material of the present invention contains iron sulfate, which is a trace element essential for the growth of bacteria, seaweeds, or microorganisms. Here, as the iron sulfate, ferrous sulfate or ferric sulfate can be used, but it is preferable that 80 wt% or more of the total amount of iron sulfate is ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
【００２３】また、硫酸鉄の含有量は、好ましくは５ｗ
ｔ％〜３５ｗｔ％であり、より好ましくは８ｗｔ％〜２
２ｗｔ％である。硫酸鉄の含有量が５ｗｔ％未満である
と、鉄イオンの供給が充分でなく、石灰藻に覆われてい
る磯焼け海域に対する施肥効果が充分でない傾向があ
り、３５ｗｔ％を越えると、鉄イオンの供給が過剰とな
り、水生生物が必要とする栄養元素の吸収機構に対し、
イオンストレスを生じさせる傾向がある。The content of iron sulfate is preferably 5w.
t% to 35 wt%, more preferably 8 wt% to 2
It is 2 wt%. When the content of iron sulfate is less than 5 wt%, the supply of iron ions is insufficient and the fertilization effect tends to be insufficient on the sea-burned sea area covered with lime algae. Supply becomes excessive and the absorption mechanism of nutrient elements required by aquatic organisms,
It tends to cause ionic stress.
【００２４】本発明の施肥材の基質は、鉄鋼スラグ、コ
ンクリートの少なくとも一方よりなる。The substrate of the fertilizer application material of the present invention comprises at least one of steel slag and concrete.
【００２５】鉄鋼スラグの化学組成は表１のとおりであ
る。鉄鋼スラグは、一般に石灰（ＣａＯ）およびシリカ
（ＳｉＯ2）の２成分を主成分としており、更に、高炉
スラグは、アルミナ（Ａｌ2Ｏ3）、マグネシア（Ｍｇ
Ｏ）、転炉スラグは酸化第一鉄（ＦｅＯ）マグネシア
（ＭｇＯ）、酸化マンガン（ＭｎＯ）等を含有してい
て、いずれも地殻あるいは普通の岩石、砿鉱石の一種を
構成しているものである。鉄鋼スラグとしては、高炉ス
ラグ、製鋼スラグ（転炉スラグ、電気炉スラグ）等を用
いることができるが、緑色植物が最も多く吸収している
栄養のシリカ（Ｓｉ）と同位にある二酸化ケイ素（Ｓｉ
Ｏ2）の含有量が多い高炉スラグを好適に使用できる。
また、製造の容易性より、水砕スラグが好ましい。Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the steel slag. Iron and steel slag generally contains two components, lime (CaO) and silica (SiO 2 ), and blast furnace slag contains alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and magnesia (Mg).
O), converter slag contains ferrous oxide (FeO) magnesia (MgO), manganese oxide (MnO), etc., all of which constitute the crust or ordinary rocks and a kind of mines ore. is there. As the steel slag, blast furnace slag, steelmaking slag (converter slag, electric furnace slag) and the like can be used, but silicon dioxide (Si) (Si), which is the same as nutrient silica (Si), which is most absorbed by green plants.
Blast furnace slag having a large content of O 2 ) can be preferably used.
Further, granulated slag is preferable in terms of easiness of production.
【００２６】[0026]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００２７】「金属等を含む産業廃棄物に係る判定基準
を定める総理府令」に基づく、「産業廃棄物に含まれる
金属等の検定方法」（昭和４８粘環境庁告示１３号、平
成７年３月に改訂）により検定を行った結果である表２
より、鉄鋼スラグが土壌汚染に係る環境基準の限界値を
下回っていることは明らかであるが、鉄鋼スラグは元
来、鉱石に含まれていた多くの鉄分を高温の溶融状態に
よって抜き取った滓であり、産業廃棄物である。しかも
石灰（ＣａＯ）は水に溶出してアルカリ性を呈するた
め、これをそのまま水域に用いれば表１に示す化学組成
から見て弊害を及ぼすことは明らかである。しかし、本
発明の施肥材においては、これらの化学組成を硫酸鉄、
好ましくは硫酸第一鉄（ＦｅＳＯ4７Ｈ2Ｏ）との化学反
応によって基質変換し、鉄イオンの溶出を可能にし、水
域環境と生態系に有益な材料としている。[Method of testing metals contained in industrial waste, etc.] based on the "Prime Ministerial Ordinance that sets criteria for industrial waste containing metals" (Showa 48 Viscosity Agency Notification No. 13, March 1995) Table 2 which is the result of the verification by
Although it is clear that steel slag is below the limit of environmental standards for soil pollution, steel slag is originally a slag obtained by extracting a large amount of iron contained in ore by high-temperature molten state. Yes, it is industrial waste. Moreover, since lime (CaO) is dissolved in water and exhibits alkalinity, it is clear that if it is used as it is in a water area, it has a harmful effect in view of the chemical composition shown in Table 1. However, in the fertilizer application material of the present invention, these chemical compositions of iron sulfate,
Preferably, it is converted into a substrate by a chemical reaction with ferrous sulfate (FeSO 4 7H 2 O) to enable the elution of iron ions, making it a material useful for the aquatic environment and ecosystem.
【００２８】[0028]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２９】一方、コンクリート廃材は、通常、セメン
ト９〜１５ｗｔ％、砂２０〜３３ｗｔ％、砂利３５〜４
８ｗｔ％、水１６〜２２ｗｔ％よりなるが、セメントの
化学的組成は、表１に示す様に鉄鋼スラグと類似してお
り、コンクリート廃材も本発明の施肥材の基質として用
いることができる。セメントとしては、特に限定され
ず、普通ポルトランドセメント等を使用することができ
る。勿論、コンクリート廃材ではなく、セメントのみを
使用しても、経済性以外はコンクリート廃材と同等の効
果を得られることは言うまでもない。On the other hand, concrete waste is usually 9 to 15 wt% of cement, 20 to 33 wt% of sand, and 35 to 4 of gravel.
It consists of 8 wt% and 16 to 22 wt% of water, but the chemical composition of cement is similar to steel slag as shown in Table 1, and concrete waste can also be used as a substrate for the fertilizer application of the present invention. The cement is not particularly limited, and ordinary Portland cement or the like can be used. Of course, it is needless to say that even if only cement is used instead of the concrete waste material, the same effect as that of the concrete waste material can be obtained except for the economical efficiency.
【００３０】コンクリート廃材も、表１に示すセメント
の化学組成が示すとおり、強アルカリ成分を溶出するこ
とから、公害対策基本法、海洋汚染防止法、自然環境保
全法、廃棄物の処理及び清掃に関する法律によって制約
をうけ、また、水質汚濁防止法の許容限度ｐＨ５〜９の
基準値を大きく上回ることが予測され、そのまま水域に
用いることには問題がある。しかし、本発明の施肥材に
おいては、鉄鋼スラグと同様に硫酸鉄、好ましくは硫酸
第一鉄によって非晶質の酸化鉄を形成した有益な材料に
基質変換し、鉄イオンの溶出を可能にし、水域環境と生
態系に有益な材料としている。Since concrete waste materials also leach out strong alkaline components as indicated by the chemical composition of cement shown in Table 1, the Basic Law for Pollution Control, the Law for Prevention of Marine Pollution, the Law for Conservation of Natural Environment, and the Law Concerning Waste Treatment and Cleaning There is a problem in using it as it is in the water area because it is predicted that it will greatly exceed the standard value of the allowable limit of pH 5 to 9 of the Water Pollution Control Law. However, in the fertilizer application of the present invention, iron sulfate, like iron and steel slag, substrate conversion to a beneficial material that has formed amorphous iron oxide by ferrous sulfate, enabling the elution of iron ions, The material is beneficial to the aquatic environment and ecosystem.
【００３１】基質の含有量は、好ましくは６５ｗｔ％〜
９５ｗｔ％であり、より好ましくは７８ｗｔ％〜９２ｗ
ｔ％である。基質の含有量が６５ｗｔ％未満であると、
鉄イオンの供給が過剰となり、水生生物が必要とする栄
養元素の吸収機構に対し、イオンストレスを生じさせる
傾向があり、９５ｗｔ％を越えると、鉄イオンの供給が
充分でなく、石灰藻に覆われている磯焼け海域に対する
施肥効果が充分でない傾向がある。The content of the substrate is preferably 65 wt% to
95 wt%, more preferably 78 wt% to 92 w
t%. When the content of the substrate is less than 65 wt%,
There is a tendency for ionic stress to occur in the absorption mechanism of nutrient elements required by aquatic organisms due to excessive iron ion supply. If it exceeds 95 wt%, iron ion supply will be insufficient and cover the lime algae. The fertilizing effect on the known sea-burning area tends to be insufficient.
【００３２】本発明で用いる珪藻土は、表３に示す化学
組成より明らかなように、緑色植物が最も多く吸収して
いる栄養のシリカ（Ｓｉ）と同位にある二酸化ケイ素
（ＳｉＯ2）８０％を有しており、更に、これまで一般
に自然界において藻類植生環境として最も好ましい基質
と言われている安山岩の化学組成（表４）とも似てい
る。As is clear from the chemical composition shown in Table 3, the diatomaceous earth used in the present invention contains 80% of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) which is the same as the nutritional silica (Si) which is most absorbed by green plants. It also has a similar chemical composition to that of andesite (Table 4), which is generally said to be the most preferable substrate for algae vegetation environment in nature.
【００３３】しかも、珪藻土は粘性をもっていることか
ら、バインダー的役割を果たし、基質である鉄鋼スラグ
又はコンクリート廃材と、硫酸鉄との結合を良くして基
質の変換を均一に行うことができる。Moreover, since the diatomaceous earth has a viscosity, it plays a role of a binder, and the binding of the iron or steel slag or the concrete waste material, which is the substrate, with iron sulfate can be improved so that the substrate can be uniformly converted.
【００３４】[0034]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３５】[0035]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３６】本発明に用いる珪藻土は、製造の容易性よ
り、粉体（乾燥品）であることが好ましく、例えば、昭
和化学（株）製「ラヂオライト」を好適に使用できる。
「ラヂオライト」の粒度分布（レーザー法により測定）
を表５に、特性を表６に示す。The diatomaceous earth used in the present invention is preferably a powder (dried product) from the viewpoint of easy production, and for example, "Radiolite" manufactured by Showa Kagaku Co., Ltd. can be preferably used.
"Radiolite" particle size distribution (measured by laser method)
Is shown in Table 5, and the characteristics are shown in Table 6.
【００３７】[0037]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００３８】[0038]
【表６】 [Table 6]
【００３９】珪藻土の含有量は、好ましくは５ｗｔ％未
満であり、より好ましくは３ｗｔ％〜４．５ｗｔ％であ
る。珪藻土の含有量が５ｗｔ％以上であると、施肥材の
比重が軽くなり、底質での安定性に欠ける傾向がある。The content of diatomaceous earth is preferably less than 5 wt%, more preferably 3 wt% to 4.5 wt%. When the content of diatomaceous earth is 5 wt% or more, the fertilizer material has a low specific gravity and tends to lack stability in sediment.
【００４０】本発明の施肥材は、粒状であればその形状
は特に限定されないが、後述するように施肥材を麻袋等
に詰めて置く場合には、取扱い上の観点から、球状、楕
円球状又は円筒状とするのが好ましい。また、粒の重さ
も特に限定されず、使用する場所の条件によって定めれ
ばよいが、０．１ｇ〜１５０ｇとするのが好ましい。The fertilizer application material of the present invention is not particularly limited in shape as long as it is granular, but when the fertilizer application material is packed in a hemp bag or the like as described later, it is spherical, elliptic spherical or It is preferably cylindrical. The weight of the particles is not particularly limited and may be determined according to the conditions of the place of use, but it is preferably 0.1 g to 150 g.
【００４１】本発明の施肥材は、基質となる鉄鋼スラグ
又はコンクリート廃材を細かく砕いて人工砂を製造し、
それに硫酸鉄及び珪藻土の粉体を混ぜ、撹拌機で万遍な
く配合し、造粒機に投入して、所望の形状、重さに圧力
成形することにより製造することができる。The fertilizer application material of the present invention is manufactured by finely crushing steel slag or concrete waste material as a substrate to produce artificial sand,
It can be manufactured by mixing powders of iron sulfate and diatomaceous earth with each other, blending them uniformly with a stirrer, feeding them into a granulator, and press-molding them into a desired shape and weight.
【００４２】造粒温度は、硫酸鉄の水に対する溶解度に
おいて最も適温とされる６４℃近辺、具体的には５５〜
８０℃とすることにより、基質が硫酸第一鉄との化学作
用を受け、完全に非晶質の酸化鉄に変換される。The granulation temperature is around 64 ° C., which is the most suitable temperature for the solubility of iron sulfate in water, specifically 55-55.
By setting the temperature to 80 ° C., the substrate undergoes a chemical reaction with ferrous sulfate and is converted into completely amorphous iron oxide.
【００４３】造粒機としては、図１に示すようなツイン
ダイス方式のものを用いることが好ましい。図１に示す
造粒機においては、ホッパー（不図示）より投入された
原料１が、図示する方向に回転する二つのダイス３間で
ダイス３の内側に押し出され、押し出された部分をカッ
ター４で切り取ることにより、施肥材２を得ることがで
きる。As the granulator, it is preferable to use a twin die type as shown in FIG. In the granulator shown in FIG. 1, the raw material 1 charged from a hopper (not shown) is extruded inside the die 3 between two dies 3 rotating in the direction shown, and the extruded portion is cut by a cutter 4 The fertilizer application material 2 can be obtained by cutting with.
【００４４】本発明の製造方法によって製造された施肥
材は、水産資源の保護育成環境に必要な鉄イオンを持続
して安定供給するため、好石灰植物の蝟集による繁殖を
防ぐ一方で有用藻類の繁殖を助長する環境を創造するこ
とができる。The fertilizer produced by the production method of the present invention continuously and stably supplies iron ions necessary for the environment for protecting and nurturing marine resources. Create an environment that encourages breeding.
【００４５】施肥の方法は、海域、河川、あるいは湖沼
など施肥を必要とする場所によって異なってくるが、施
肥材をそのままクレーン船を用いて海上から散布する方
法、あるいは麻袋等に入れて必要とする場所に置く方
法、又、干潟の場合などではアサリの採取を行った後に
採取場所に必要量を撒く方法などがある。また、海砂、
川砂、または山砂等に混ぜて、施肥と底質改善を兼ねた
材料として使用してもよい。特に、波の高い外洋に面し
た海岸で、底質が頑固な磯焼けを呈している場所では、
施肥材を麻袋等に詰めて置く方法が、即効的効果も得ら
れ好ましい。The method of fertilization varies depending on the area requiring fertilization, such as the sea area, rivers, lakes and marshes, but it is necessary to spray fertilizer directly from the sea using a crane ship or put it in a hemp bag or the like. There is a method of placing it in the place where it is kept, or in the case of tidal flats, collecting the clams and then spreading the required amount at the collection place. Also, sea sand,
It may be mixed with river sand, mountain sand or the like and used as a material for both fertilization and improving bottom sediment. Especially on coasts facing the open ocean with high waves, where the bottom material shows stubborn rock burning,
The method of packing the fertilizer in a hemp bag or the like and placing it is preferable because the immediate effect can be obtained.
【００４６】本発明の施肥材は、河川、湖沼を問わず、
沿岸域全ての海域の底質に散布することによって、水産
資源の活力ある再生産環境を創造するもので、資源の有
効活用と併せて社会基盤形成上で極めて有益なものであ
る。また、養殖事業においても有効に利用することがで
きる。The fertilizer application material of the present invention can be used in both rivers and lakes.
By spraying on the sediments of all coastal areas, it creates a vibrant reproduction environment for marine resources and is extremely useful for social infrastructure formation together with effective utilization of resources. It can also be effectively used in aquaculture business.
【００４７】[0047]
【実施例】以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳細に説明
する。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples.
【００４８】水砕鉄鋼スラグ材９１ｗｔ％と、硫酸第一
鉄粉体８ｗｔ％と、珪藻土粉体（商品名「ラヂオライ
ト」昭和化学（株）製）１ｗｔ％を撹拌機で万遍なく配
合し、図１に示す造粒機に投入して造粒温度６４℃で圧
力成形することにより、直径６ｍｍ、長さ１０ｍｍ、重
さ０．８ｇの円筒形状の施肥材を製造した。91 wt% of granulated iron and steel slag material, 8 wt% of ferrous sulfate powder, and 1 wt% of diatomaceous earth powder (trade name "Radiolite" manufactured by Showa Kagaku Co., Ltd.) were mixed evenly with a stirrer. A cylindrical fertilizer having a diameter of 6 mm, a length of 10 mm and a weight of 0.8 g was manufactured by charging the granulator shown in FIG. 1 and granulating at a granulation temperature of 64 ° C.
【００４９】この施肥材を、精製水中に６時間浸漬した
後の溶液を濾紙に取って乾燥したものを、環境省の廃棄
物溶出試験方法基準に示されているＪＩＳ Ｋ ０１０
２「工場排水試験方法」に基づき、蛍光Ｘ線法により、
フレーム原子吸光法で定性・定量分析した。結果は以下
に示すとおりであり、鉄が適度な速度で溶出し、クロム
等の有害成分は殆ど溶出しないことが分かった。
鉄：１．１７０×１０-3ｋｇ／ｍ3
ニッケル：０．１×１０-3ｋｇ／ｍ3
亜鉛：０．９×１０-3ｋｇ／ｍ3
全クロム：０．１×１０-3ｋｇ／ｍ3未満
六価クロム：０．０５×１０-3ｋｇ／ｍ3未満This fertilizer was soaked in purified water for 6 hours, the solution was taken on a filter paper and dried, and then JIS K 010 indicated in the waste elution test method standards of the Ministry of the Environment.
2 Based on the “Factory drainage test method”, by the fluorescent X-ray method,
Qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results are shown below, and it was found that iron was eluted at a moderate rate and harmful components such as chromium were hardly eluted. Iron: 1.170 × 10 −3 kg / m 3 Nickel: 0.1 × 10 −3 kg / m 3 Zinc: 0.9 × 10 −3 kg / m 3 Total chromium: 0.1 × 10 −3 kg / M 3 or less Hexavalent chromium: less than 0.05 × 10 -3 kg / m 3
【００５０】[0050]
【発明の効果】以上説明のように、本発明は、水産資源
の基礎生産力を支える藻類の生育過程で海水に含まれる
栄養イオンを吸収する際に必要な鉄イオン（鉄はチトク
ロームの構成要素であることから細胞内の電子伝達系に
極めて重要なものである。）の働きに不可欠な微量元素
を施肥材に取り入れたものであり、基質の中に安定した
形で鉄が挿入され、底質環境に極めて活力を与えるもの
である。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, iron ions (iron is a constituent of cytochrome) necessary for absorbing nutrient ions contained in seawater during the growth process of algae that supports the basic productivity of marine resources. It is extremely important for the intracellular electron transfer system.) The trace fertilizer contains a trace element that is essential for the function of (), and iron is stably inserted into the matrix, It is extremely vital to the quality environment.
【００５１】更に、施肥材は、広範な場所で大量に使用
する材料であることから、材料は何処の地域でも容易に
調達でき、しかも極めて低価であることが求められる
が、本発明では、製鉄所等で大量に排出される鉄鋼スラ
グ、又はコンクリート廃材を基質として有効に再利用
し、しかも基質の変換により持続的効果を得ることもで
きる。Further, since the fertilizer is a material used in a large amount in a wide range of places, it is required that the material can be easily procured in any region and that the price is extremely low. It is also possible to effectively reuse a large amount of steel slag or concrete waste material discharged at a steel mill or the like as a substrate, and further obtain a sustainable effect by converting the substrate.
【図１】本発明の施肥材の製造に使用する圧力粒材加工
機の要部の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a main part of a pressure granule processing machine used for manufacturing a fertilizer application material of the present invention.
１ 原料 ２ 施肥材 ３ ダイス ４ カッター 1 raw material 2 Fertilizer 3 dice 4 cutter
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大野 正夫 高知県土佐市宇佐町井尻194 高知大学海 洋生物教育研究センター内 (72)発明者 今村 定夫 神奈川県鎌倉市山ノ内1257 (72)発明者 古沢 昭 広島県福山市春日町能島890 (72)発明者 中田 眞一郎 富山県黒部市三日市3820番地６ Ｆターム(参考） 2B003 AA01 CC03 DD01 DD02 DD04 EE04 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Masao Ohno 194 Ijiri, Usa Town, Tosa City, Kochi Prefecture Kochi University Umi Western Biomedical Research Center (72) Inventor Sadao Imamura 1257 Yamanouchi, Kamakura City, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Akira Furusawa 890 Noshima, Kasuga Town, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture (72) Inventor Shinichiro Nakata 6820 Mikkaichi, Kurobe City, Toyama Prefecture F term (reference) 2B003 AA01 CC03 DD01 DD02 DD04 EE04
Claims (8)
とも一方よりなる基質と、硫酸鉄及び珪藻土とを少なく
とも含み、粒状をなすことを特徴とする施肥材。1. A fertilizer material comprising at least one of a steel slag and a concrete waste material, and at least iron sulfate and diatomaceous earth, and having a granular shape.
であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の施肥材。2. The fertilizer application material according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the particles is spherical, elliptic spherical or cylindrical.
ことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の施肥材。3. The fertilizer application material according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the grains is 0.1 g to 150 g.
であることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載
の施肥材。4. The content of iron sulfate is 5 wt% to 35 wt%.
The fertilizer application material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
硫酸第一鉄であることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいず
れかに記載の施肥材。5. The fertilizer application material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein 80 wt% or more of the total amount of iron sulfate is ferrous sulfate heptahydrate.
であることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載
の施肥材。6. The substrate content is 65 wt% to 95 wt%.
The fertilizer application material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein
とを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の施肥
材。7. The fertilizer material according to claim 1, wherein the content of diatomaceous earth is less than 5 wt%.
とも一方よりなる基質粉体と、硫酸鉄粉体、及び珪藻土
粉体とを、造粒温度５５〜８０℃で造粒する工程を有す
ることを特徴とする施肥材の製造方法。8. A step of granulating a substrate powder made of at least one of iron and steel slag and concrete waste material, iron sulfate powder, and diatomaceous earth powder at a granulation temperature of 55 to 80 ° C. Method for producing fertilizer.
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| JP2001208941A JP4012962B2 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2001-07-10 | Fertilizer for improving marine resource growth environment and manufacturing method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021087396A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | 株式会社エム．シー．アイ．エンジニアリング | Growth promotant and anti-death agent for aquaculture shellfish |
| JP2022036831A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-08 | 株式会社エム．シー．アイ．エンジニアリング | Growth promotion agent and death prevention agent for shell for cultivation |
| JP2022081197A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-31 | 株式会社朝日テック | Artificial reef |
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2001
- 2001-07-10 JP JP2001208941A patent/JP4012962B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2021087396A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-06-10 | 株式会社エム．シー．アイ．エンジニアリング | Growth promotant and anti-death agent for aquaculture shellfish |
| JP2022036831A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-03-08 | 株式会社エム．シー．アイ．エンジニアリング | Growth promotion agent and death prevention agent for shell for cultivation |
| JP7349613B2 (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2023-09-25 | 株式会社エム．シー．アイ．エンジニアリング | Growth promoter and mortality prevention agent for aquaculture shellfish |
| JP2022081197A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-31 | 株式会社朝日テック | Artificial reef |
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| JP4012962B2 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
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