JP2002357657A - Target classification device and radar device equipped therewith - Google Patents
Target classification device and radar device equipped therewithInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002357657A JP2002357657A JP2001164228A JP2001164228A JP2002357657A JP 2002357657 A JP2002357657 A JP 2002357657A JP 2001164228 A JP2001164228 A JP 2001164228A JP 2001164228 A JP2001164228 A JP 2001164228A JP 2002357657 A JP2002357657 A JP 2002357657A
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- target
- radar
- range
- unit
- classification
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- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えばミサイル、
小型機、大型機等に目標を類別する目標類別装置、及び
これを備えたレーダ装置に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a missile,
The present invention relates to a target categorizing device that categorizes targets into small and large machines, and a radar apparatus including the same.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、捜索中に探知した目標をミサイ
ル、小型機、大型機等に類別するレーダ装置が知られて
いる（例えば特開平５−１５７８３９号公報）。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a radar apparatus which classifies targets detected during a search into missiles, small aircraft, large aircraft, and the like (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H5-157839).
【０００３】図５は、この種の従来のレーダ装置を示す
ブロック図である。以下、この図面に基づき説明する。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional radar apparatus of this kind. Hereinafter, description will be made based on this drawing.
【０００４】従来のレーダ装置１１は、レーダ電波を送
受信するアンテナ１と、レンジ（距離）方向の分解能を
向上させるために広帯域変調された信号を発生する広帯
域変調信号発生部１０と、広帯域変調信号を増幅及び周
波数変換しレーダ送信信号を生成するレーダ送信部９
と、送受信信号の切替を行うサーキュレータ８と、広帯
域受信処理と狭帯域受信処理との切替を行う切替部２
と、狭帯域受信系において受信処理を行うレーダ受信部
３と、信号処理を行うレーダ信号処理部５と、広帯域受
信系にて目標からの反射信号を受信する広帯域受信部４
と、広帯域で受信された信号を高パルス圧縮する広帯域
信号処理部６とから構成される。A conventional radar apparatus 11 includes an antenna 1 for transmitting and receiving radar radio waves, a wideband modulation signal generating section 10 for generating a signal that has been subjected to wideband modulation to improve the resolution in the range (distance) direction, and a wideband modulation signal. Transmitter 9 for amplifying and frequency-converting a signal to generate a radar transmission signal
A circulator 8 for switching transmission / reception signals, and a switching unit 2 for switching between wideband reception processing and narrowband reception processing.
A radar receiving unit 3 for performing reception processing in a narrow band receiving system, a radar signal processing unit 5 for performing signal processing, and a wide band receiving unit 4 for receiving a reflected signal from a target in a wide band receiving system.
And a wideband signal processing unit 6 for high-pulse compression of a signal received in a wideband.
【０００５】広帯域信号処理部６では、約１００ＭＨｚ
の帯域により高パルス圧縮することで、距離分解能約
１．５ｍを実現して目標類別を行う。この類別処理は、
レンジ分解能を大幅に高めているために、レンジ方向の
処理演算量が増大する。そこで、レーダ信号処理部５か
ら予め送られる目標の存在するレンジ付近のみ処理を行
うことで、時間内に処理を終わらせることにより、通常
の捜索・追尾に対して影響を及ぼさないようにしてい
る。[0005] In the broadband signal processor 6, about 100 MHz
By performing high pulse compression in the band of, a distance resolution of about 1.5 m is realized and target classification is performed. This categorization process
Since the range resolution is significantly increased, the amount of processing calculation in the range direction increases. Therefore, processing is performed only in the vicinity of the range where the target is sent in advance from the radar signal processing unit 5 so that the processing is completed in time so that the normal search and tracking are not affected. .
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】第１の問題点は、周波
数帯域を１００ＭＨｚも必要とすることである。すなわ
ち、一つのレーダ装置に対して１００ＭＨｚもの周波数
帯域が割り当てられることである。したがって、より狭
い周波数帯域を使って目標類別を行う手段が必要であ
る。The first problem is that a frequency band of 100 MHz is required. That is, a frequency band of as much as 100 MHz is allocated to one radar device. Therefore, a means for performing target classification using a narrower frequency band is required.
【０００７】第２の問題点は、目標の姿勢の変動による
補正回路がないことである。その結果、目標の変動に対
して、受信電力が大幅に変動していた。また、高レンジ
分解能レーダを用いた場合でも、目標のレーダに対する
見込み角でレンジ方向の受信特性が変わるので、類別が
困難である。[0007] The second problem is that there is no correction circuit due to a change in the target attitude. As a result, the received power fluctuated significantly with respect to the target fluctuation. Even when a high-range resolution radar is used, classification is difficult because the reception characteristics in the range direction change depending on the expected angle with respect to the target radar.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明の目的】そこで、本発明の目的は、狭い周波数帯
域でも精度よい類別処理を実現できる目標類別装置、及
びこれを備えたレーダ装置を提供することにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a target classifying device capable of realizing a high-precision classification process even in a narrow frequency band, and a radar device provided with the same.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係る目標類別装
置は、目標のレンジ対ＲＣＳ特性を示すレンジプロファ
イルと目標の追尾情報とを入力し目標の種類を出力する
ものであって、レンジプロファイルから目標長を推定す
る目標長推定部と、追尾情報を考慮しつつレンジプロフ
ァイルのパターン認識を行うパターン認識部と、目標長
推定部で推定された目標長とパターン認識部でパターン
認識されたレンジプロファイルとに基づき類別処理を行
う類別部とを備えたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A target classification apparatus according to the present invention inputs a range profile indicating a target range-RCS characteristic and target tracking information and outputs a target type. A target length estimator for estimating a target length from a target, a pattern recognizer for recognizing a range profile pattern in consideration of tracking information, and a target length estimated by the target length estimator and a range recognized by the pattern recognizer by the pattern recognizer A classification unit that performs a classification process based on the profile.
【００１０】また、ヒット毎に受信電力からＲＣＳを計
算し、これらのＲＣＳの平均値を求め、レンジプロファ
イルを補正する平均処理部を更に備えた、としてもよい
（請求項２）。目標長推定部は、レンジプロファイル形
状に対応した複数の計算式を用いて前記目標長を推定す
るとしてもよく（請求項３）、更に計算式に含まれる補
正項を分解能の大きさに応じて変化させるとしてもよい
（請求項４）。[0010] Further, the apparatus may further include an averaging section for calculating RCS from the received power for each hit, obtaining an average value of these RCSs, and correcting the range profile. The target length estimating unit may estimate the target length using a plurality of formulas corresponding to the range profile shape (claim 3), and further calculates a correction term included in the calculation formula according to the magnitude of the resolution. It may be changed (claim 4).
【００１１】本発明に係るレーダ装置は、請求項１乃至
４のいずれかに記載の目標類別装置を備えたものである
（請求項５）。例えば、レーダ電波を送受信するアンテ
ナと、レンジ方向の分解能を向上させるために広帯域変
調された信号を発生する広帯域変調信号発生部と、広帯
域変調信号を増幅及び周波数変換しレーダ送信信号を生
成するレーダ送信部と、送受信信号の切替を行うサーキ
ュレータと、広帯域受信系と狭帯域受信系との切替を行
う切替部と、狭帯域受信系において受信処理を行うレー
ダ受信部と、狭帯域受信系において信号処理を行うレー
ダ信号処理部と、広帯域受信系において目標からの反射
信号を受信する広帯域受信部と、広帯域受信系において
広帯域で受信された信号を高パルス圧縮する広帯域信号
処理部と、高パルス圧縮によってレンジ方向の分解能が
向上したレンジプロファイルと追尾情報とに基づき目標
類別処理を行う請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の目標
類別装置と、を備えたものである（請求項６）。[0011] A radar apparatus according to the present invention is provided with the target classification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 (claim 5). For example, an antenna that transmits and receives radar radio waves, a wideband modulation signal generator that generates a signal that is broadband modulated to improve the resolution in the range direction, and a radar that amplifies and frequency converts the wideband modulation signal to generate a radar transmission signal A transmission unit, a circulator for switching between transmission and reception signals, a switching unit for switching between a wideband reception system and a narrowband reception system, a radar reception unit for performing reception processing in the narrowband reception system, and a signal in the narrowband reception system. A radar signal processing unit for processing, a wideband receiving unit for receiving a reflected signal from a target in a wideband receiving system, a wideband signal processing unit for high-pulse compressing a signal received in a wideband in the wideband receiving system, and a high-pulse compression 5. A target classification process according to claim 1, wherein the target classification process is performed based on the range information and the tracking information whose resolution in the range direction is improved. It is obtained and a target classification apparatus according to any displacement (claim 6).
【００１２】換言すると、本発明に係るレーダ装置は、
レンジプロファイルと追尾情報から得られる航跡情報を
利用して目標類別を行うものであり、追尾情報を提供す
るレーダ信号処理部と、レンジ方向の分解能を向上させ
るために広帯域変調された信号を発生する広帯域変調信
号発生部と、目標からの反射信号を受信する広帯域受信
部と、広帯域で受信された信号を高パルス圧縮する広帯
域信号処理部と、高パルス圧縮によってレンジ方向の分
解能が向上するとともにレンジ方向でのＲＣＳの変化と
して得られるレンジプロファイルに基づき、目標長を推
定しパターン認識を行い類別を行う目標類別装置とを有
する。また、目標類別装置では、目標の姿勢の変動によ
るレンジプロファイルの変動の影響を低減する機能を有
する。[0012] In other words, the radar device according to the present invention comprises:
Target classification is performed using the track information obtained from the range profile and tracking information, and a radar signal processing unit that provides tracking information and a signal that is broadband modulated to improve the resolution in the range direction are generated. A wideband modulation signal generator, a wideband receiver that receives the reflected signal from the target, a wideband signal processor that compresses the signal received over a wide band with a high pulse, and a high pulse compression improves the resolution in the range direction and increases the range. A target classification device that estimates a target length, performs pattern recognition, and performs classification based on a range profile obtained as a change in RCS in the direction. In addition, the target classification device has a function of reducing the influence of a change in the range profile due to a change in the posture of the target.
【００１３】狭帯域受信系で目標が探知され、例えばオ
ペレータが類別が必要と判断すると、レーダ信号処理部
は広帯域変調信号発生部及び切替部へ類別要求信号を出
力する。すると、広帯域変調信号発生部では、高レンジ
分解能化のために必要である広帯域な電波を、レーダ送
信部に供給し、アンテナから出力する。これと同時に、
切替部は、類別処理を行う広帯域受信系統に、接続を切
り替える。アンテナ１で受信された広帯域受信信号は、
広帯域受信部で増幅・検波され、広帯域信号処理部で高
パルス圧縮によりレンジ方向の分解能が高められ、目標
のレンジ対ＲＣＳ特性を示すレンジプロファイルの算出
に用いられる。類別処理部は、レンジプロファイルの変
動を低減する手段を用い、安定したレンジプロファイル
と目標の追尾情報とから目標類別処理を行う。これによ
り、実現可能な周波数帯域を用いて、目標のレンジ対Ｒ
ＣＳ特性を示すレンジプロファイルと、航跡情報とから
目標類別を実現する。When the target is detected in the narrowband receiving system and the operator determines that classification is necessary, the radar signal processing unit outputs a classification request signal to the wideband modulation signal generation unit and the switching unit. Then, the wideband modulation signal generating section supplies a wideband radio wave necessary for high-range resolution to the radar transmitting section and outputs it from the antenna. At the same time,
The switching unit switches the connection to the broadband receiving system that performs the classification process. The broadband received signal received by antenna 1 is
The signal is amplified and detected by the wideband receiving unit, and the resolution in the range direction is increased by the high pulse compression in the wideband signal processing unit, and is used for calculating a range profile indicating a target range-RCS characteristic. The classification processing unit performs a target classification process based on the stable range profile and the target tracking information by using a means for reducing the fluctuation of the range profile. This allows for a target range versus R using a feasible frequency band.
The target classification is realized from the range profile indicating the CS characteristics and the track information.
【００１４】したがって、レーダ装置において、周波数
帯域３０ＭＨｚ程度の高パルス圧縮によってレンジ方向
の分解能を向上させ、レンジ方向でのＲＣＳの変化とし
て得られる特性（レンジプロファイル）と追尾情報から
得られる航跡情報とから目標類別処理を行う目標類別装
置を提供できる。Therefore, in the radar apparatus, the resolution in the range direction is improved by high pulse compression in a frequency band of about 30 MHz, and the characteristics (range profile) obtained as a change in RCS in the range direction and the wake information obtained from the tracking information are improved. Can provide a target classification device that performs target classification processing.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は、本発明に係るレーダ装置
の一実施形態を示すブロック図である。以下、この図面
に基づき説明する。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a radar apparatus according to the present invention. Hereinafter, description will be made based on this drawing.
【００１６】本実施形態のレーダ装置１２は、レーダ電
波を送受信するアンテナ１と、レンジ方向の分解能を向
上させるために広帯域変調された信号を発生する広帯域
変調信号発生部１０と、広帯域変調信号を増幅及び周波
数変換しレーダ送信信号を生成するレーダ送信部９と、
送受信信号の切替を行うサーキュレータ８と、広帯域受
信処理と狭帯域受信処理との切替を行う切替部２と、狭
帯域受信系において受信処理を行うレーダ受信部３と、
信号処理を行うレーダ信号処理部５と、広帯域受信系に
て目標からの反射信号を受信する広帯域受信部４と、広
帯域で受信された信号を高パルス圧縮する広帯域信号処
理部６と、高パルス圧縮によってレンジ方向の分解能が
向上したレンジプロファイルと航跡情報とから目標類別
処理を行う目標類別装置７とを備えている。このレンジ
プロファイルは、レンジ方向でのＲＣＳの変化として得
られるものである。The radar apparatus 12 according to the present embodiment includes an antenna 1 for transmitting and receiving radar radio waves, a wideband modulation signal generating section 10 for generating a signal that has been subjected to wideband modulation to improve the resolution in the range direction, and a wideband modulation signal. A radar transmitting unit 9 that performs amplification and frequency conversion to generate a radar transmission signal;
A circulator 8 for switching transmission / reception signals, a switching unit 2 for switching between wideband reception processing and narrowband reception processing, a radar reception unit 3 for performing reception processing in a narrowband reception system,
A radar signal processing unit 5 for performing signal processing, a wideband receiving unit 4 for receiving a reflected signal from a target in a wideband receiving system, a wideband signal processing unit 6 for compressing a wideband received signal with a high pulse, and a high pulse A target classification device 7 is provided for performing target classification processing based on the range profile and the wake information whose resolution in the range direction has been improved by compression. This range profile is obtained as a change in RCS in the range direction.
【００１７】図２は、目標類別装置７の一例を示すブロ
ック図である。以下、この図面に基づき説明する。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the target classification device 7. Hereinafter, description will be made based on this drawing.
【００１８】目標類別装置７は、レンジプロファイルか
ら目標長の推定を行う目標長推定部７１と、航跡情報を
考慮しつつレンジプロファイルのパターン認識を行うパ
ターン認識部７２と、ヒット毎に受信電力からＲＣＳを
計算し、これらをヒストグラムにして５０％点から平均
値を求める平均処理部７３と、目標長推定部７１及びパ
ターン認識部７２からの情報及び航跡情報に基づき類別
処理を行う類別部７４とを備えている。The target classifying device 7 includes a target length estimating unit 71 for estimating a target length from a range profile, a pattern recognizing unit 72 for recognizing a range profile pattern while considering wake information, and a receiving power for each hit. An averaging unit 73 that calculates the RCS and uses these as a histogram to obtain an average value from the 50% point; a categorizing unit 74 that performs categorizing processing based on information and wake information from the target length estimation unit 71 and the pattern recognition unit 72; It has.
【００１９】次に、レーダ装置１２の動作について、図
１を用いて説明する。Next, the operation of the radar device 12 will be described with reference to FIG.
【００２０】アンテナ１から放射された電波は、目標で
反射され、再びアンテナ１で受信される。通常の運用で
は、切替部２は狭帯域受信系に接続されているので、受
信信号はレーダ受信部３にて増幅・検波され、レーダ信
号処理部５でパルス圧縮等の信号処理がされた後、目標
探知・追尾が行われる。The radio wave radiated from the antenna 1 is reflected by the target and received by the antenna 1 again. In normal operation, since the switching unit 2 is connected to the narrow band receiving system, the received signal is amplified and detected by the radar receiving unit 3 and subjected to signal processing such as pulse compression by the radar signal processing unit 5. Then, target detection and tracking are performed.
【００２１】目標が探知され、例えばオペレータが「類
別が必要」と判断すると、レーダ信号処理部５は類別要
求信号を広帯域変調信号発生部１０及び切替部２へ出力
する。広帯域変調信号発生部１０では、高レンジ分解能
化のために必要である例えば３０ＭＨｚ程度の実現可能
な広帯域の電波を、レーダ送信部９に供給し、アンテナ
１から出力する。切替部２は、類別処理を行う広帯域受
信系統に接続を切り替える。When the target is detected and, for example, the operator determines that “classification is required”, the radar signal processing unit 5 outputs a classification request signal to the wideband modulation signal generation unit 10 and the switching unit 2. The wideband modulation signal generation unit 10 supplies a wideband radio wave that can be realized, for example, about 30 MHz, which is necessary for achieving high range resolution, to the radar transmission unit 9 and outputs it from the antenna 1. The switching unit 2 switches the connection to the broadband receiving system that performs the classification process.
【００２２】アンテナ１で受信された広帯域受信信号
は、広帯域受信部４で増幅・検波され、広帯域信号処理
部６で高パルス圧縮によりレンジ方向の分解能が高めら
れ、図３に示すような目標のレンジ対ＲＣＳ特性を示す
レンジプロファイルが算出される。目標類別装置７は、
レンジプロファイルと目標の追尾情報から得られる航跡
情報とに基づき、目標長の算出及びパターン認識などの
類別処理を行い目標を類別する。The wideband reception signal received by the antenna 1 is amplified and detected by the wideband reception unit 4, and the resolution in the range direction is increased by high pulse compression in the wideband signal processing unit 6, so that the target signal as shown in FIG. A range profile indicating the range-RCS characteristic is calculated. The target classification device 7
Based on the range profile and the track information obtained from the tracking information of the target, the target is classified by performing classification processing such as calculation of a target length and pattern recognition.
【００２３】図３はレンジプロファイルを示すグラフで
あり、図３［１］がミサイルの場合、図３［２］が航空
機の場合である。図４は、レーダ見込み角による目標長
の変化を示す説明図である。以下、図２乃至図４を用い
て、目標類別装置７の動作について説明する。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a range profile. FIG. 3 [1] shows a case of a missile, and FIG. 3 [2] shows a case of an aircraft. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in the target length depending on the estimated radar angle. Hereinafter, the operation of the target classification device 7 will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００２４】図３に示すようなレンジプロファイルの情
報が、目標長推定部７１及びパターン認識部７２に入力
される。ミサイルのような単調な形状についてのレンジ
プロファイルは、図３［１］のようになる。航空機のよ
うな主翼及び尾翼を有する等複雑な形状についてのレン
ジプロファイルは、図３［２］のようになる。周波数帯
域が例えば３０ＭＨｚ程度では、レンジ分解能も約５ｍ
と十分な分解能を得られない。しかし、複数の目標類別
手段及び補正処理手段を用いることにより、目標類別の
確度をあげることが可能である。The range profile information shown in FIG. 3 is input to the target length estimating unit 71 and the pattern recognizing unit 72. The range profile for a monotonous shape such as a missile is as shown in FIG. The range profile for a complex shape such as an aircraft having a main wing and a tail wing is as shown in FIG. 3 [2]. When the frequency band is, for example, about 30 MHz, the range resolution is about 5 m.
Cannot obtain sufficient resolution. However, the accuracy of the target classification can be increased by using a plurality of target classification means and correction processing means.
【００２５】本発明では、目標類別手段として、目標長
推定手段、レンジプロファイルパターン認識手段、及び
目標長推定結果、パターン認識結果及び航跡情報から総
合的に目標類別を行う手段を有する。補正処理手段とし
ては、航跡情報による目標長補正、パターン認識基準デ
ータの補正、及び目標の姿勢変動による受信電力の変動
を低減する回路を有する。以下に上記手段の詳細につい
て示す。In the present invention, the target classification means includes a target length estimation means, a range profile pattern recognition means, and a means for comprehensively classifying the target from the target length estimation result, the pattern recognition result, and the track information. The correction processing means includes a circuit that corrects target length based on track information, corrects pattern recognition reference data, and reduces fluctuations in received power due to fluctuations in target attitude. The details of the above means will be described below.
【００２６】パターン認識部７２では、目標の形状の違
いによるレンジプロファイルの特徴の違いから、例えば
予め記憶してある類別用基準データとの相関をとる等の
パターンマッチング処理を行うことにより、目標類別を
行う。レンジプロファイルのうち実際にレーダで確認で
きるのは、Ｓ／Ｎ比で決まるスレショルドレベル以上の
部分である。したがって、図３に示すように、レンジプ
ロファイルから目標長を推定するためには、十分なＳ／
Ｎ比が必要である。そこで、レーダ信号処理部５から類
別要求信号を出力する時にＳ／Ｎ比が不足している場合
には、広帯域受信系に切り替えると同時に、多ヒット積
分等の手段によりＳ／Ｎ比を向上させる。すなわち、広
帯域変調信号発生部１０の送信ヒット数を増加させ、広
帯域信号処理部６での積分処理を行う。The pattern recognizing section 72 performs pattern matching processing such as correlation with pre-stored classification reference data based on the difference in the characteristics of the range profile due to the difference in the shape of the target. I do. The part of the range profile that can be actually confirmed by the radar is a portion that is equal to or higher than the threshold level determined by the S / N ratio. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, sufficient S / S is required to estimate the target length from the range profile.
N ratio is required. Therefore, if the S / N ratio is insufficient when the classification request signal is output from the radar signal processing unit 5, the S / N ratio is improved by means such as multi-hit integration while switching to a wideband reception system. . That is, the number of transmission hits of the wideband modulation signal generator 10 is increased, and the integration process in the wideband signal processor 6 is performed.
【００２７】目標長推定部７１では、レンジプロファイ
ルの形状に応じて、例えば図３［１］のレンジプロファ
イルのようにピークが一つのものに対してはスレショル
ドレベル以上の信号の範囲Ｌｓを求め、図３［２］のレ
ンジプロファイルのようにピークが複数あるものに対し
てはＸａ、Ｘｂを求める。そして、目標推定長は例えば
下式を用いて算出する。The target length estimating unit 71 obtains a signal range Ls which is equal to or higher than a threshold level for a single peak such as the range profile in FIG. 3A according to the shape of the range profile. Xa and Xb are obtained for a peak having a plurality of peaks as in the range profile of FIG. Then, the target estimated length is calculated using, for example, the following equation.
【００２８】 Ｌ＝Ｌｓ−２Ｌａ−Ｌａ／√３＋Ｃ１ …（１）式 Ｌ＝Ｘｂ−Ｘａ＋Ｌａ／√３＋Ｃ２ …（２）式 Ｌ ：目標推定長 Ｌａ：レンジ分解能 Ｌｓ：スレショルド以上のレンジプロファイル長 Ｘａ：最初のピークレンジ Ｘｂ：最後のピークレンジ Ｃ１，Ｃ２：補正項L = Ls−2La−La / √3 + C1 (1) Equation L = Xb−Xa + La / √3 + C2 (2) Equation L: Target Estimated Length La: Range Resolution Ls: Range Profile Length Above Threshold Xa: First peak range Xb: Last peak range C1, C2: Correction term
【００２９】（１）式は、ピークが一つのレンジプロフ
ァイルに対する目標推定長の算出式である。（２）式
は、ピークが複数のレンジプロファイルに対する目標推
定長の算出式である。（１）、（２）式とも第３項はレ
ンジ量子化誤差の補正である。式における周波数帯域の
違いによるパラメータ比較を下記表１に示す。Equation (1) is an equation for calculating the target estimated length for a range profile having one peak. Equation (2) is an equation for calculating the target estimated length for a plurality of range profiles having peaks. In both equations (1) and (2), the third term is the correction of the range quantization error. Table 1 below shows a parameter comparison based on the difference in frequency band in the equation.
【００３０】レンジ分解能が大きくなるとＬｓは大きく
なる。 Ｌｓ（３０ＭＨｚ）＞Ｌｓ（１００ＭＨｚ） （−２Ｌａ−Ｌａ／√３）は表１のように周波数帯域が
大きくなると小さくなる。したがって、目標推定長Ｌ
は、周波数帯域によらず近い値となるような補正がかか
ることを確認できる。このようにして、十分とはいえな
い周波数帯域でも、目標長推定の精度を向上することが
できる。As the range resolution increases, Ls increases. Ls (30 MHz)> Ls (100 MHz) (−2La−La / √3) decreases as the frequency band increases as shown in Table 1. Therefore, the target estimated length L
Can be confirmed to be corrected so as to be a close value regardless of the frequency band. In this way, the accuracy of target length estimation can be improved even in a frequency band that is not sufficient.
【００３１】 ［表１］ 周波数帯域 レンジ分解能 −２Ｌａ−Ｌａ／√３ １００ＭＨｚ １．５ｍ −３．９ｍ ３０ＭＨｚ ５ｍ −１２．９ｍ[Table 1] Frequency band Range resolution -2La-La / $ 3 100MHz 1.5m -3.9m 30MHz 5m -12.9m
【００３２】図４の０°方向から見たときの目標長ａ、
３０°方向から見たときの目標長ｂ、及び９０°方向か
ら見たときの目標長ｃがそれぞれ異なるように、目標の
進行方向によって見かけ上の目標長が変化する。そのた
め、レーダ信号処理部５からの追尾情報に基づいて、レ
ーダの電波発射方向からの見込み角を計算し、例えば
（３）式のような補正を行う。The target length a when viewed from the 0 ° direction in FIG.
The apparent target length changes depending on the target traveling direction so that the target length b when viewed from the 30 ° direction and the target length c when viewed from the 90 ° direction are different from each other. Therefore, based on the tracking information from the radar signal processing unit 5, the expected angle from the radio wave emission direction of the radar is calculated, and a correction such as Expression (3) is performed.
【００３３】Ｌｏ＝Ｌ／Ｆ（θ） …（３）式 Ｌｏ：見込み角を考慮した推定目標長 Ｌ：見込み角考慮前の推定目標長 Ｆ（θ）：見込み角θの関数 例えば、Ｆ（０°）＝１ Ｆ（３０°）＝２ Ｆ（９０°）＝５Lo = L / F (θ) Expression (3) Lo: Estimated target length considering the expected angle L: Estimated target length before considering the expected angle F (θ): Function of the estimated angle θ For example, F ( 0 °) = 1 F (30 °) = 2 F (90 °) = 5
【００３４】ＲＣＳデータは、目標の姿勢により変動す
る。そのため、平均処理部７３にて、ヒット毎に受信電
力からＲＣＳを計算し、これをヒストグラムにして５０
％点から求めることにより、変動分の影響を極力抑える
ようにする。類別部７４は、目標長推定部７１及びパタ
ーン認識部７２からの情報に基づいて目標類別を行う。The RCS data varies depending on the target posture. For this reason, the averaging unit 73 calculates the RCS from the received power for each hit, and uses this as a histogram.
By calculating from the percentage point, the influence of the fluctuation is minimized. The classification unit 74 performs target classification based on information from the target length estimation unit 71 and the pattern recognition unit 72.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】本発明に係る目標類別装置及びレーダ装
置によれば、目標のレンジ対ＲＣＳ特性を示すレンジプ
ロファイルと目標の追尾情報とを入力し目標の種類を出
力することにより、狭い周波数帯域でも精度よい類別処
理を実現できる。According to the target classification apparatus and the radar apparatus of the present invention, a narrow frequency band is obtained by inputting a range profile indicating a target range versus RCS characteristic and target tracking information and outputting a target type. However, accurate classification processing can be realized.
【００３６】また、ヒット毎に受信電力からＲＣＳを計
算し、これらのＲＣＳの平均値を求め、レンジプロファ
イルを補正する平均処理部を更に備えることにより、目
標の姿勢の変動によるレンジプロファイルの変動を補正
できる。更に、レンジプロファイル形状に対応した複数
の計算式を用いて目標長を推定することにより、又はこ
れに加え計算式に含まれる補正項を分解能の大きさに応
じて変化させることにより、十分なレンジ分解能が得ら
れない場合でも目標類別の確度を向上できる。Further, an RCS is calculated from the received power for each hit, an average value of these RCSs is obtained, and an average processing unit for correcting the range profile is further provided. Can be corrected. Furthermore, by estimating the target length using a plurality of formulas corresponding to the range profile shape, or by changing the correction term included in the formula in accordance with the magnitude of the resolution in addition to this, a sufficient range is obtained. Even when the resolution cannot be obtained, the accuracy of the target classification can be improved.
【００３７】換言すると、実現可能な３０ＭＨｚの周波
数帯域でも、類別の確度を上げることができる。その理
由は、目標の姿勢の変動によるレンジプロファイルの変
動を低減させる平均処理部を設け、安定したレンジプロ
ファイルから目標長算出を行う目標長推定部とパターン
認識を行うパターン認識部とを設け、複数の手段及び航
跡情報から総合的に目標類別を行う目標類別装置を設け
たためである。In other words, the classification accuracy can be increased even in the feasible frequency band of 30 MHz. The reason is that an averaging unit is provided to reduce the variation of the range profile due to the variation of the target posture, a target length estimating unit that calculates the target length from a stable range profile, and a pattern recognition unit that performs pattern recognition are provided. This is because a target categorizing device for comprehensively categorizing targets based on the means and the track information is provided.
【図１】本発明に係るレーダ装置の第一実施形態を示す
ブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a radar device according to the present invention.
【図２】図１のレーダ装置に用いられる目標類別装置を
示すブロック図である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a target classification device used in the radar device of FIG. 1;
【図３】レンジプロファイルを示すグラフであり、図３
［１］がミサイルの場合、図３［２］が航空機の場合で
ある。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a range profile, and FIG.
[1] is a case of a missile, and FIG. 3 [2] is a case of an aircraft.
【図４】レーダ見込み角による目標長の変化を示す説明
図である。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in a target length depending on a radar prospective angle.
【図５】従来のレーダ装置を示すブロック図である。FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional radar device.
１ アンテナ ２ 切替部 ３ レーダ受信部 ４ 広帯域受信部 ５ レーダ信号処理部 ６ 広帯域信号処理部 ７ 目標類別装置 ８ サーキュレータ ９ レーダ送信部 １０ 広帯域変調信号発生部 １２ レーダ装置 ７１ 目標長推定部 ７２ パターン認識部 ７３ 平均処理部 ７４ 類別部 ａ ０゜方向から見た時の目標長 ｂ ３０゜方向から見た時の目標長 ｃ ９０゜方向から見た時の目標長 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 antenna 2 switching unit 3 radar receiving unit 4 wideband receiving unit 5 radar signal processing unit 6 wideband signal processing unit 7 target classification device 8 circulator 9 radar transmitting unit 10 wideband modulation signal generating unit 12 radar device 71 target length estimating unit 72 pattern recognition Part 73 Average processing part 74 Classification part a Target length when viewed from 0 ° direction b Target length when viewed from 30 ° direction c Target length when viewed from 90 ° direction
Claims (6)
積）特性を示すレンジプロファイルと当該目標の追尾情
報とを入力し当該目標の種類を出力する目標類別装置で
あって、 前記レンジプロファイルから目標長を推定する目標長推
定部と、前記追尾情報を考慮しつつ前記レンジプロファ
イルのパターン認識を行うパターン認識部と、前記目標
長推定部で推定された目標長と前記パターン認識部でパ
ターン認識されたレンジプロファイルとに基づき類別処
理を行う類別部と、 を備えた目標類別装置。1. A target classification apparatus for inputting a range profile indicating a target range versus RCS (radar reflection cross-sectional area) characteristic and tracking information of the target and outputting a type of the target. A target length estimating unit for estimating the length, a pattern recognizing unit for recognizing the pattern of the range profile in consideration of the tracking information, and a target length estimated by the target length estimating unit and a pattern recognized by the pattern recognizing unit. A classification unit for performing a classification process based on the range profile and a target classification device.
し、これらのＲＣＳの平均値を求め、前記レンジプロフ
ァイルを補正する平均処理部を更に備えた、 請求項１記載の目標類別装置2. The target classification device according to claim 1, further comprising an average processing unit that calculates an RCS from received power for each hit, obtains an average value of the RCSs, and corrects the range profile.
ァイル形状に対応した複数の計算式を用いて前記目標長
を推定する、 請求項１又は２記載の目標類別装置3. The target classification device according to claim 1, wherein the target length estimating unit estimates the target length using a plurality of formulas corresponding to the range profile shape.
れる補正項を分解能の大きさに応じて変化させる、 請求項３記載の目標類別装置4. The target classification device according to claim 3, wherein the target length estimating unit changes a correction term included in the calculation formula according to a magnitude of a resolution.
類別装置を備えたレーダ装置。5. A radar device comprising the target classification device according to claim 1.
ンジ方向の分解能を向上させるために広帯域変調された
信号を発生する広帯域変調信号発生部と、広帯域変調信
号を増幅及び周波数変換しレーダ送信信号を生成するレ
ーダ送信部と、送受信信号の切替を行うサーキュレータ
と、広帯域受信系と狭帯域受信系との切替を行う切替部
と、前記狭帯域受信系において受信処理を行うレーダ受
信部と、前記狭帯域受信系において信号処理を行うレー
ダ信号処理部と、前記広帯域受信系において目標からの
反射信号を受信する広帯域受信部と、前記広帯域受信系
において広帯域で受信された信号を高パルス圧縮する広
帯域信号処理部と、高パルス圧縮によってレンジ方向の
分解能が向上したレンジプロファイルと追尾情報とに基
づき目標類別処理を行う請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記
載の目標類別装置と、 を備えたレーダ装置。6. An antenna for transmitting and receiving radar radio waves, a wideband modulation signal generating section for generating a signal that has been subjected to wideband modulation to improve resolution in a range direction, and amplifying and frequency converting the wideband modulation signal to convert a radar transmission signal. A radar transmitting unit for generating, a circulator for switching transmission / reception signals, a switching unit for switching between a wideband reception system and a narrowband reception system, a radar reception unit for performing reception processing in the narrowband reception system, A radar signal processing unit that performs signal processing in a band receiving system; a wide band receiving unit that receives a reflected signal from a target in the wide band receiving system; and a wide band signal that performs high pulse compression on a signal received in a wide band in the wide band receiving system. Processing unit and target classification processing based on the tracking information and the range profile whose resolution in the range direction has been improved by high pulse compression A radar device comprising: the target classification device according to claim 1.
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Cited By (7)
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| JP2005174249A (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-30 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Method and system for presuming living state of resident in electric power user |
| JP2005337854A (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-08 | Nec Corp | Target categorizing method and device |
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| JP2014232067A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Object detector |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005174249A (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-30 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | Method and system for presuming living state of resident in electric power user |
| JP2005337854A (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-08 | Nec Corp | Target categorizing method and device |
| JP4682535B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2011-05-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | Target classification method and apparatus |
| JP2009529665A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2009-08-20 | テールズ | Identification method by laser shape measurement |
| JP2014232067A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Object detector |
| KR20160055306A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-18 | 국방과학연구소 | Radar cross section profile computation method and apparatus of dummy object using radio wave augmentation device |
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