JP2002323259A - Instantaneous water-heating equipment - Google Patents
Instantaneous water-heating equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002323259A JP2002323259A JP2001127686A JP2001127686A JP2002323259A JP 2002323259 A JP2002323259 A JP 2002323259A JP 2001127686 A JP2001127686 A JP 2001127686A JP 2001127686 A JP2001127686 A JP 2001127686A JP 2002323259 A JP2002323259 A JP 2002323259A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- temperature
- metal pipe
- heating device
- supply port
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102100033040 Carbonic anhydrase 12 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102100033041 Carbonic anhydrase 13 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000867855 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase 12 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101000867860 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase 13 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035922 thirst Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、通水した金属管
に電流を直に流し、水を瞬間的に加熱して熱湯や蒸気を
連続的に発生させる水の瞬間加熱装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an instantaneous heating device for water, in which an electric current is applied directly to a metal pipe through which water flows to instantaneously heat water to continuously generate hot water or steam.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】上記した水の瞬間加熱装置に関し、発明
者らはかねてより研究開発を進め、その成果の一部につ
いて先に特許出願したが(特開平2000-241022号公報参
照)、その後の開発過程において次に述べるような課題
が発生した。2. Description of the Related Art The inventors of the present invention have been researching and developing the above-mentioned instantaneous heating device for water, and have applied for a patent for some of the results (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-241022). The following issues occurred during the development process.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】すなわち、容積の小さ
い金属管内で水を急速に加熱する瞬間加熱装置は、電力
密度の高い管壁で水の蒸発と過熱が行なわれ、管壁に急
峻に生じる水蒸気膜により、突沸、それによる爆発的な
水の急膨張による水滴の飛散、圧力の急上昇などの諸物
理現象が生じ、安定した熱湯や蒸気を得ることがなかな
か難しい。一方、金属管内の水温は給水口側で最も低
く、水が湯口側に移動するにつれて高温になるので、水
を効率的に加熱するためには、金属管に供給する電力の
電力密度を給水口側で最も高くし、湯口側に向って順次
低下するように制御する必要がある。ところが、電力密
度の最も高い給水口付近で上記した圧力急上昇が生じや
すく、その場合には水が給水ポンプ側に逆流する。That is, in the instant heating device for rapidly heating water in a small-sized metal tube, the water is evaporated and overheated on the tube wall having a high power density, so that the tube wall is sharply generated. The water vapor film causes various physical phenomena such as bumping, splashing of water droplets due to explosive rapid expansion of water, and sudden rise in pressure, making it difficult to obtain stable hot water or steam. On the other hand, the water temperature in the metal pipe is the lowest at the water supply port side, and becomes higher as the water moves to the sluice side.To efficiently heat the water, the power density of the power supplied to the metal pipe must be It is necessary to control so that it is the highest on the side and gradually decreases toward the gate. However, the pressure suddenly rises near the water supply port having the highest power density, in which case water flows backward to the water supply pump side.
【0004】水が逆流すると、熱伝達の悪い蒸気が管内
に充満して管壁から熱が奪えなくなり、金属管は一瞬に
して数百℃の赤熱状態になる。続いて、蒸気が湯口から
放出され圧力が下がると、赤熱した金属管に急に水が供
給され、再度、爆発的な蒸発が圧力の急上昇を伴ないな
がら起きることになる。このような不安定で破壊的な繰
り返し現象は数秒間隔でし、単に給水口の手前に逆止弁
を設けただけでは収まらない。そのため、圧力急変が生
じても安定して水を金属管に注入し続けると同時に、突
沸を生じさせないように金属管に投入する電力を適正に
制御する手段が必要であると考えられた。[0004] When the water flows backward, steam having poor heat transfer fills the inside of the tube, so that heat cannot be taken from the tube wall, and the metal tube instantaneously becomes red hot at several hundred degrees Celsius. Subsequently, when steam is released from the sprue and the pressure drops, water is suddenly supplied to the glowing metal tube, and again explosive evaporation occurs with a sudden rise in pressure. Such unstable and destructive repetitive phenomena occur at intervals of several seconds and cannot be accommodated simply by providing a check valve in front of the water supply port. Therefore, it was considered necessary to provide a means for stably injecting water into the metal tube even when a sudden change in pressure occurs, and for appropriately controlling the electric power supplied to the metal tube so as not to cause bumping.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】発明者らは、このような
課題を解決すべく種々の工夫を講じながら実験を重ねた
結果、ここに満足すべき手段を見出したものである。ま
ず、この発明は、一端に給水口を設け他端に湯口を設け
た金属管に、前記給水口から水を供給しながら通電し、
この通電による前記金属管の発熱により水を加熱して前
記湯口から湯又は蒸気を連続的に取り出すようにした水
の瞬間加熱装置において、圧力急変が生じても安定して
水を金属管に注入し続けるための手段として、前記給水
口に水を供給するポンプと前記給水口とを結ぶ管路の途
中に、この管路の断面積を局部的に狭める絞りを設ける
ものとする(請求項1)。Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted various experiments in order to solve such problems, and as a result, have found means that are satisfactory here. First, according to the present invention, a metal pipe provided with a water supply port at one end and a gate at the other end is energized while supplying water from the water supply port,
In the instantaneous water heating device in which water is heated by the heat generated by the metal tube due to the energization to continuously take out hot water or steam from the gate, water is stably injected into the metal tube even if a sudden pressure change occurs. As means for continuing the operation, a throttle for locally narrowing the cross-sectional area of the pipe is provided in the middle of a pipe connecting the pump for supplying water to the water supply port and the water supply port. ).
【0006】発明者らの実験によれば、上記した絞り
は、金属管内の極めて急峻な圧力上昇に対しては、一時
的に生じる大きな圧力差によりあたかも閉塞弁のように
働き、ポンプ側への水の逆流を有効に阻止する一方、ポ
ンプからの定常的な水の流れに対しては若干の圧力降下
は伴なうものの、それほどの障害にならないことが判明
した。そのため、この絞りを設けることにより、突沸な
どにより生じる圧力急上昇がポンプ側に及ばず、ポンプ
から金属管に向って途切れることなく水を注入すること
が可能になった。絞りとしては、いわゆるオリフィスを
用いることも可能であるが、管路を部分的に押し潰すな
どしてくびれを形成する簡単な構成でも有効である(請
求項2)。一方、ポンプとしては歯車ポンプやベーンポ
ンプ、チューブポンプなどの容積式ポンプを用いるのが
よく、それにより金属管側の圧力変動に対抗して、定流
量の水をより確実に送入することができる(請求項
3)。更に、前記ポンプと前記給水口との間に逆止弁を
設ければ、水の逆流防止作用が一層確実になるととも
に、この逆止弁の順方向に必要な圧力を利用して、運転
停止時の水漏れ防止作用を行なわせることができる(請
求項4)。According to the experiments conducted by the inventors, the above-described restrictor acts as an obstruction valve due to a temporarily large pressure difference with respect to an extremely steep pressure increase in the metal pipe, and the restriction to the pump side. While effectively preventing water backflow, it has been found that steady water flow from the pump, with a slight pressure drop, does not significantly impede it. For this reason, by providing the throttle, a sudden rise in pressure caused by bumping or the like does not reach the pump side, and water can be injected without interruption from the pump toward the metal pipe. As the throttle, a so-called orifice can be used, but a simple structure in which a pipe is partially crushed to form a constriction is also effective (claim 2). On the other hand, as the pump, it is preferable to use a positive displacement pump such as a gear pump, a vane pump, or a tube pump, so that a constant flow rate of water can be more reliably supplied against the pressure fluctuation on the metal tube side. (Claim 3). Further, if a check valve is provided between the pump and the water supply port, the action of preventing the backflow of water is further ensured, and the operation is stopped by utilizing the pressure required in the forward direction of the check valve. The effect of preventing water leakage at the time can be performed (claim 4).
【0007】次に、金属管に投入する電力を適正に制御
するために、この発明は、目標とする水の流量及び湯の
温度又は蒸気の温度若しくは湿り度から適正な供給電力
を演算する演算手段と、この演算手段の演算結果に基づ
いて電力供給装置に前記金属管に供給する電力を指令す
る電力指令手段とを設けるものとする(請求項5)。Next, in order to appropriately control the electric power supplied to the metal pipe, the present invention provides an operation for calculating an appropriate supply electric power from a target flow rate of water and temperature of hot water or temperature or wetness of steam. Means, and power command means for commanding a power supply device to supply power to the metal pipe based on a calculation result of the calculation means (claim 5).
【0008】この発明に係る水の瞬間加熱装置は、湯あ
るいは蒸気の温度が瞬間的に変化するので、応答の遅い
温度検出結果と目標温度との偏差から電力制御を安定的
に行なうことは難しい。そこで、この発明においては、
必要な水の流量や湯あるいは蒸気の温度、蒸気の湿り度
を予めセットしておくことにより、この目標値に必要な
適正電力を演算させ、その演算結果に基づいて供給電力
を制御するようにするものである(請求項6)。この制
御は開ループ制御なので、安定した制御が得られるとと
もに、高速で演算を行なわせることにより、高精度の電
力制御を行なうことができる。In the instant water heating apparatus according to the present invention, since the temperature of hot water or steam changes instantaneously, it is difficult to stably perform power control based on a deviation between a slow response temperature detection result and a target temperature. . Therefore, in the present invention,
By setting the required flow rate of water, the temperature of hot water or steam, and the wetness of steam in advance, the appropriate power required for this target value is calculated, and the supplied power is controlled based on the calculation result. (Claim 6). Since this control is an open-loop control, stable control can be obtained, and high-precision power control can be performed by performing calculations at high speed.
【0009】水の瞬間加熱装置では、空焚き、金属管の
詰まりなどによる、危険を伴なう異常過熱が起きやす
い。従って、前記給水口の上流側の管路中に水の有無を
検出する水検出器を設け、この水検出器により給水が断
たれたことが検出されたときは、前記金属管への電力供
給を直ちに停止するようにするのがよい(請求項6)。
その場合、水タンクからポンプに至る部分には大きな圧
力は生じないので、透明、半透明のプラスチック管など
を使用し、この部分で光線の屈折や誘電率の変化などか
ら管内部の水の有無を検出すれば、流量の検出から水の
有無を判定するよりも簡易に検出することができる。[0009] In the instantaneous heating device for water, abnormal overheating accompanied by danger due to empty heating, clogging of a metal tube or the like is apt to occur. Therefore, a water detector for detecting the presence or absence of water is provided in the pipeline on the upstream side of the water supply port, and when the water detector detects that water supply has been cut off, power is supplied to the metal pipe. Should be stopped immediately (claim 6).
In this case, a large pressure is not generated in the area from the water tank to the pump, so use a transparent or translucent plastic tube, etc. Is detected, the detection can be performed more easily than the determination of the presence or absence of water from the detection of the flow rate.
【0010】また、前記金属管の前記給水口近傍の通電
部分の温度を検出する温度検出器を設け、この温度検出
器が異常温度を検出したときは前記供給電力を絞るよう
にするのがよい(請求項7)。金属管の中の水温は検出
しにくいので、水の異常過熱は金属管の温度から検出す
る方が容易で的確である。その場合、給水口の近傍は、
正常時の温度が低いので簡易な温度センサが使える、電
力密度が最も高いので水が来ないなどの異常時の温度が
最も高くなる可能性が大きく、正常時と異常時の温度差
が大きいので異常検出の検出ミスが小さく検出速度が速
いなどの理由で異常検出が最も容易である。Further, it is preferable that a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of an energized portion near the water supply port of the metal pipe is provided, and when the temperature detector detects an abnormal temperature, the supply power is reduced. (Claim 7). Since it is difficult to detect the temperature of water in a metal tube, it is easier and more accurate to detect abnormal overheating of water from the temperature of the metal tube. In that case, near the water supply port,
Since the normal temperature is low, a simple temperature sensor can be used.The power density is the highest, so there is a high possibility that the temperature at the time of an abnormality such as when water does not come is the highest, and the temperature difference between the normal time and the abnormal time is large. Abnormality detection is easiest because the detection error of the abnormality detection is small and the detection speed is fast.
【0011】一方、前記金属管の前記湯口近傍における
非通電部分の温度を検出する温度検出器を設け、前記湯
口の湯又は蒸気の温度は、この温度検出器で検出した金
属管温度から推測するのがよい(請求項8)。湯口の蒸
気温度は、例えば300℃〜400℃の高温であり、温度セン
サが高価になる。また、湯口の蒸気温度を検出しようと
すると、温度センサの感温部が装置外に突出するので設
置も難しい。これに対して、金属管の湯口近傍における
非通電部分の温度はそれよりかなり低く、200℃〜300℃
で安定し、安価な標準センサが使用できる。なお、金属
管温度でも湯口近傍の通電部分になると、350℃〜500℃
と更に高くなる。On the other hand, a temperature detector is provided for detecting the temperature of a non-energized portion near the gate of the metal tube, and the temperature of hot water or steam in the gate is estimated from the metal tube temperature detected by the temperature detector. (Claim 8). The steam temperature of the gate is a high temperature of, for example, 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., and the temperature sensor becomes expensive. Also, when trying to detect the steam temperature of the gate, installation is also difficult because the temperature sensing part of the temperature sensor protrudes outside the apparatus. On the other hand, the temperature of the non-energized part near the gate of the metal pipe is much lower, and 200 ° C to 300 ° C.
And a stable and inexpensive standard sensor can be used. In addition, even if the temperature of the metal tube becomes the current-carrying part near the gate, 350 ° C to 500 ° C
And higher.
【0012】前記金属管はらせん状又は蛇状に屈曲させ
るか、部分的に偏平に変形させるのがよい(請求項
9)。金属管内では、突沸による圧力の急上昇で水が飛
散するが、蒸気温度の高い湯口付近の管壁まで水滴が達
するとそこを冷やしてしまうので、安定した100℃以上
の過熱蒸気が得られない。上記したような直線以外の形
状にすることで、飛散した水滴は近くの管壁に衝突して
へばり付いて遠くまで届かなくなる。その結果、連続的
な汽水分離が可能になり、安定した蒸気発生が得られ
る。Preferably, the metal tube is bent in a spiral or snake shape or partially deformed flat. In a metal tube, water is scattered due to a sudden rise in pressure due to bumping, but when water droplets reach a tube wall near a sprue having a high steam temperature, the water is cooled, so that stable superheated steam of 100 ° C. or more cannot be obtained. By adopting a shape other than the straight line as described above, the scattered water droplets collide with the nearby tube wall and stick to the tube wall so that they cannot reach far. As a result, continuous steam separation becomes possible, and stable steam generation is obtained.
【0013】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】図1は実験に用いた蒸気発生装置
としてのこの発明の実施の形態を示すシステム構成図、
図2は図1の装置における制御態様を説明するための加
熱特性図である。まず、図2において、横軸は金属管3
に投入する電力P(W)、縦軸は湯口温度T0℃で、流量
Q(g/秒)をパラメータにして、所望の湯、湿り蒸気及び
乾き蒸気を得るのに必要な電力Pを示している。図2で
は、特に流量Q=1g/秒の場合を代表として太線で示し
てあるので、以下、これ例として説明する。さて、流量
Q=1g/秒の水の温度を100℃上昇させるには100cal/秒
の熱量、つまり418Wの電力が必要である。この100℃の
水を大気中で加熱すると水と蒸気が混在する湿り蒸気が
得られ、すべての水を蒸気にするには(湿り度=0)、
539cal/秒が加算されて2672Wの電力が必要となる。この
蒸気を更に加熱すると高温の乾き蒸気が得られるが、そ
の温度上昇に要する電力も周知である。図2は、これら
の関係を多数の流量Q(g/秒)について線図として表した
もので、図2の折れ線図から、目標とする水の温度T0
*1、湿り蒸気の湿り度H*(%)あるいは渇き蒸気の温
度T0 *3を選べば、金属管3に投入すべき電力がP*1,
P*2,P*3が各流量Q(g/秒)に対して分る。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention as a steam generator used in an experiment.
FIG. 2 is a heating characteristic diagram for explaining a control mode in the apparatus of FIG. First, in FIG.
The vertical axis indicates the power P required to obtain the desired hot water, wet steam and dry steam, using the flow rate Q (g / sec) as a parameter at the gate temperature T 0 ° C. ing. In FIG. 2, the case where the flow rate Q is 1 g / sec is shown by a thick line as a representative, and therefore, description will be made below as an example. Now, in order to raise the temperature of water at a flow rate of Q = 1 g / sec by 100 ° C., a calorie of 100 cal / sec, that is, 418 W of electric power is required. When this 100 ° C water is heated in the air, wet steam is obtained in which water and steam coexist. To convert all water to steam (wetness = 0),
539cal / sec is added, and 2672W of power is required. When this steam is further heated, high-temperature dry steam is obtained, and the electric power required for increasing the temperature is well known. Figure 2 is a representation of these relationships as a line diagram for a number of the flow rate Q (g / sec), the broken line of FIG. 2, the temperature T 0 of water to target
* 1 , if the wetness H * (%) of the wet steam or the temperature T 0 * 3 of the thirst steam is selected, the electric power to be supplied to the metal tube 3 is P * 1 ,
P * 2 and P * 3 are known for each flow rate Q (g / sec).
【0014】一方、図1において、水タンク1の水は容
積式ポンプとしての歯車ポンプ2により金属管3に送ら
れ、電力供給装置4からの通電により発熱する金属管3
を通過し、乾き蒸気に変換されて湯口6から放出され
る。電力供給装置4は高周波インバータ7と変成器8と
からなり、変成器8の2次側端子から、低電圧、大電流
(例えば5v,500A)の電流が供給される。金属管3に
は、内径5mm,外径6mmのステンレス管が用いられてい
る。ここで、金属管3は数巻きのらせん状に巻かれると
ともに、給水口側から湯口側に向って段階的に長さが大
きくなる4つの区間に分けられ、各区間に変成器8の2
次側から並列に、かつ隣り合う各区間の電流の向きが互
いに逆になるように通電されている。これにより、低温
の水が流入する給水口側から水温が次第に上昇する湯口
側に向って、段階的に電力密度が降下する電力が供給さ
れ、突沸が抑えられるとともに効率的な加熱が行なわれ
る。また、隣り合う区間の電流が逆向きになることによ
り、各区間の起磁力が互いに打ち消され、インダクタン
スが低下して通電が容易になるとともに、磁束漏れが減
少して周辺機器への影響が防止される。なお、金属管3
は、給水口5及び湯口6を除いて単線で略示してある。
電力供給装置4の出力は、制御部12により制御され
る。On the other hand, in FIG. 1, water in a water tank 1 is sent to a metal pipe 3 by a gear pump 2 as a positive displacement pump,
, And is converted into dry steam and released from the gate 6. The power supply device 4 includes a high-frequency inverter 7 and a transformer 8, and a low-voltage, large-current (for example, 5 V, 500 A) current is supplied from a secondary terminal of the transformer 8. As the metal tube 3, a stainless steel tube having an inner diameter of 5 mm and an outer diameter of 6 mm is used. Here, the metal tube 3 is wound in a spiral shape with several turns, and is divided into four sections whose length gradually increases from the water supply port side to the gate port side.
The current is supplied in parallel from the next side so that the directions of the currents in the adjacent sections are opposite to each other. As a result, electric power whose power density decreases stepwise is supplied from the water supply port side into which the low-temperature water flows to the sluice side where the water temperature gradually rises, and bumping is suppressed and efficient heating is performed. In addition, since the currents in adjacent sections are reversed, the magnetomotive forces in each section cancel each other out, reducing inductance and facilitating energization, reducing magnetic flux leakage and preventing effects on peripheral devices. Is done. The metal tube 3
Is indicated by a single line except for the water supply port 5 and the gate 6.
The output of the power supply device 4 is controlled by the control unit 12.
【0015】水タンク1から金属管3に至る管路9には
透明なプラスチック管(シリコンチューブ)が用いら
れ、この管路9中には、歯車ポンプ2の吐出側に絞り1
0及び逆止弁11が挿入され、吸込側には水の有無を検
出する水検出器13が設けられている。水検出器13
は、光線の屈折から水の有無を検出する方式のものが用
いられ、その出力信号は制御部12に入力されている。
金属管3の給水口5の近傍における通電部分には、金属
管3の温度T1を検出する温度検出器14が設けられ、
金属管3の湯口6の近傍における非通電部分には、金属
管3の温度T2を検出する温度を検出する温度検出器1
5が設けられている。また、金属管3の湯口6の外側に
は、湯口6から放出される蒸気温度T0を検出する温度
検出器16が設けられている。温度検出器14〜16に
はいずれも熱電対又はサーミスタが用いられ、その出力
信号は制御部12に入力されている。A transparent plastic pipe (silicon tube) is used for a pipe 9 extending from the water tank 1 to the metal pipe 3, and a throttle 1 is provided in the pipe 9 on the discharge side of the gear pump 2.
0 and a check valve 11 are inserted, and a water detector 13 for detecting the presence or absence of water is provided on the suction side. Water detector 13
Is used for detecting the presence or absence of water from the refraction of the light beam, and the output signal is input to the control unit 12.
A temperature detector 14 for detecting the temperature T 1 of the metal tube 3 is provided in a current-carrying portion near the water supply port 5 of the metal tube 3,
A temperature detector 1 for detecting a temperature for detecting the temperature T 2 of the metal tube 3 is provided in a non-energized portion near the gate 6 of the metal tube 3.
5 are provided. Further, on the outside of the sprue 6 of the metal tube 3, the temperature detector 16 for detecting the steam temperature T 0 which is emitted from the sprue 6 are provided. A thermocouple or a thermistor is used for each of the temperature detectors 14 to 16, and an output signal thereof is input to the control unit 12.
【0016】図3は、制御部12に含まれる電力演算・
指令手段を示すブロック図である。電力演算・指令手段
17は主演算部18と補助演算部19とを備え、主演算
部18には図3に示した折れ線からなる特性図が記憶さ
れている。そこで、目標とする蒸気温度T0 *又は湿り度
H*及び流量Q*を設定入力すると、主演算部18はそれ
に必要な電力信号Pを出力する。一方、補助演算部19
は目標温度T0 *と温度検出器16からの蒸気出口温度の
実測値T0とを比較し、その偏差に応じた修正信号ΔP
を出力する。電力演算・指令手段17はこの修正信号を
電力信号Pに加え、適正電力信号P*を出力する。制御
部12はこの適正電力信号P*に基づいて電力供給装置
4の出力を制御する。図2から分るように、dP/dT0は
無限大の部分があり、蒸気温度のフィードバック制御は
難しいが、図3に示すような開ループ制御によれば適正
な電力を遅れなく演算し、安定した加熱を実現すること
ができる。FIG. 3 shows the power calculation and
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a command unit. The power calculation / command unit 17 includes a main calculation unit 18 and an auxiliary calculation unit 19, and the main calculation unit 18 stores a characteristic diagram formed by a polygonal line shown in FIG. Therefore, when the target steam temperature T 0 * or the wetness H * and the flow rate Q * are set and input, the main processing unit 18 outputs a power signal P necessary for it. On the other hand, the auxiliary calculation unit 19
Compares the target temperature T 0 * with the actual measured value T 0 of the steam outlet temperature from the temperature detector 16, and calculates a correction signal ΔP corresponding to the deviation.
Is output. The power calculation / command unit 17 adds this correction signal to the power signal P and outputs an appropriate power signal P *. The control unit 12 controls the output of the power supply device 4 based on the appropriate power signal P * . As can be seen from FIG. 2, dP / dT 0 has an infinite part, and it is difficult to perform feedback control of the steam temperature. However, according to the open-loop control shown in FIG. Stable heating can be realized.
【0017】さて、図1の装置は上記した構成の下で、
ポンプ2を運転して給水口5から水を供給しながら金属
管3に電力供給装置4から通電し、この通電による金属
管3の発熱により水を加熱して湯口から、いまの場合は
所望温度T0 * (例えば300℃〜400℃)の乾き蒸気を連
続的に放出する。ポンプ2の回転数は、予め記憶された
ポンプ2の回転数・流量特性と目標流量Q*とに基づいて
制御されるが、鎖線で示すように流量検出器20を設
け、その信号に基づいてフィードバック制御してもよ
い。制御部12は、水検出器13により水の供給が断た
れたことを検出すると、直ちに電力供給を遮断して空焚
きを防止する。また、温度検出器14で検出した給水口
近傍の金属管3の温度が異常の上昇したら供給電力を絞
る。Now, the apparatus shown in FIG.
The metal pipe 3 is energized from the power supply device 4 while the pump 2 is operated to supply water from the water supply port 5, and the water is heated by the heat generated by the metal pipe 3 due to the energization, and in this case, a desired temperature T 0 * the dry steam continuously releases (for example 300 ° C. to 400 ° C.). The rotation speed of the pump 2 is controlled based on the rotation speed / flow rate characteristics of the pump 2 and the target flow rate Q * stored in advance, but the flow rate detector 20 is provided as shown by a dashed line, and based on the signal thereof, Feedback control may be performed. When the control unit 12 detects that the supply of water is cut off by the water detector 13, the control unit 12 immediately shuts off the power supply to prevent empty heating. When the temperature of the metal pipe 3 near the water supply port detected by the temperature detector 14 rises abnormally, the supply power is reduced.
【0018】絞り10は、突沸などにより金属管3の内
圧が爆発的に急上昇したような場合に、ポンプ2側への
水の逆流を抑える作用をする。図4は図1の装置に用い
た絞りを示し、図4の(A)は縦断面図、(B)はその
B−B線に沿う横断面図である。図4の絞り10は構成
が最も簡単なもので、管路9を上下から押し潰してくび
れを形成したものである。この絞り10は、ポンプから
の水を矢印で示すように左から右に通過させる一方、絞
り10の右側の金属管3内での圧力急上昇に対しては大
きな抵抗作用を示し、ポンプ2の定流量特性とあいまっ
てポンプ側への水の逆流を阻止する。逆止弁11も逆流
阻止作用を有するが、同時にポンプ2の休止状態におい
て、順方向(図1の右方向)に水が流れるのに必要な0.
2気圧程度の圧力でポンプ2から金属管3への水漏れを
阻止する。The throttle 10 acts to suppress the backflow of water to the pump 2 when the internal pressure of the metal tube 3 rises explosively due to bumping or the like. 4 shows a diaphragm used in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 (A) is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 4 (B) is a transverse sectional view along the line BB. The diaphragm 10 in FIG. 4 has the simplest structure, and is formed by crushing the pipe 9 from above and below to form a constriction. The throttle 10 allows water from the pump to pass from left to right as indicated by the arrow, while exhibiting a large resistance action against a sudden rise in pressure in the metal pipe 3 on the right side of the throttle 10, In combination with the flow characteristics, backflow of water to the pump side is prevented. The check valve 11 also has a backflow preventing function, but at the same time, when the pump 2 is at rest, it is necessary for the water to flow forward (to the right in FIG. 1).
Water pressure from the pump 2 to the metal pipe 3 is prevented at a pressure of about 2 atm.
【0019】図5及び図6は絞りの変形例を示す縦断面
図である。図5の絞り10はオリフィスからなるもの
で、金属管側(図5の右側)にエッジが設けられてい
る。また、図6の絞り10は先細ノズルからなるもの
で、ポンプ側(図6の左側)はラッパ状に形成され、金
属管側は円筒状に形成されている。図5のものに比べて
やや形状が複雑であるが、縮流が小さいという利点があ
る。いずれのものも、金属管側の圧力急上昇をポンプ側
に対して遮断する作用を有する。FIGS. 5 and 6 are longitudinal sectional views showing modified examples of the diaphragm. The diaphragm 10 in FIG. 5 is formed of an orifice, and has an edge on the metal tube side (the right side in FIG. 5). The throttle 10 in FIG. 6 is formed of a tapered nozzle, and the pump side (the left side in FIG. 6) is formed in a trumpet shape, and the metal tube side is formed in a cylindrical shape. Although the shape is slightly more complicated than that of FIG. 5, there is an advantage that the contraction is small. Each of them has an action of blocking a sudden rise in pressure on the metal tube side from the pump side.
【0020】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上の通り、この発明によれば、金属管
に対する安定した給水と適切な電力供給により金属管内
の水の複雑な諸現象を抑え、水の瞬間加熱を円滑に進め
ることが可能になる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress complicated phenomena of water in a metal pipe by stable water supply and appropriate power supply to the metal pipe, and to promote instantaneous heating of water smoothly. become.
【図1】この発明の実施の形態を示す水の瞬間加熱装置
のシステム構成図である。FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an instantaneous heating device for water showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】図1の装置における制御態様を説明するための
水加熱特性図である。FIG. 2 is a water heating characteristic diagram for explaining a control mode in the apparatus of FIG. 1;
【図3】図1における制御部に含まれる電力演算・指令
手段のブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power calculation / command unit included in a control unit in FIG. 1;
【図4】図1における絞り示し、(A)は縦断面図、
(B)はそのB−B線に沿う横断面図である。FIG. 4 shows the diaphragm in FIG. 1, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view,
(B) is a cross-sectional view along the line BB.
【図5】絞りの変形例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the stop.
【図6】絞りの異なる変形例を示す縦断面図である。FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a different modification of the stop.
1 水タンク 2 給水ポンプ 3 金属管 4 電力供給装置 5 給水口 6 湯口 9 管路 10 絞り 11 逆止弁 12 制御部 13 水検出器 14 温度検出器 15 温度検出器 16 温度検出器 17 電力演算・指令手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water tank 2 Water supply pump 3 Metal pipe 4 Power supply device 5 Water supply port 6 Sluice 9 Pipe line 10 Throttle 11 Check valve 12 Control part 13 Water detector 14 Temperature detector 15 Temperature detector 16 Temperature detector 17 Power calculation / Command means
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) H05B 3/00 H05B 3/00 310D 3/40 3/40 A Fターム(参考) 3K058 AA11 AA22 AA41 AA51 AA71 BA11 CA12 CA13 CA46 CE02 3K092 PP11 QA02 QB02 RA06 RA10 RD03 UA05 UA06 UA11 VV11 VV25 3L034 BA14 BA34 EA02 Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification code FI Theme coat II (Reference) H05B 3/00 H05B 3/00 310D 3/40 3/40 A F term (Reference) 3K058 AA11 AA22 AA41 AA51 AA71 BA11 CA12 CA13 CA46 CE02 3K092 PP11 QA02 QB02 RA06 RA10 RD03 UA05 UA06 UA11 VV11 VV25 3L034 BA14 BA34 EA02
Claims (9)
属管に、前記給水口から水を供給しながら通電し、この
通電による前記金属管の発熱により水を加熱して前記湯
口から湯又は蒸気を連続的に取り出すようにした水の瞬
間加熱装置において、 前記給水口に水を供給するポンプと前記給水口とを結ぶ
管路の途中に、この管路の断面積を局部的に狭める絞り
を設けたことを特徴とする水の瞬間加熱装置。An electric current is supplied to a metal pipe having a water supply port at one end and a sprue at the other end while supplying water from the water supply port, and the water is heated by the heat generated by the metal pipe due to the energization. In an instantaneous heating device for water that continuously takes out hot water or steam from a pump, a cross-sectional area of the pipe is locally determined in a pipe connecting the pump for supplying water to the water supply port and the water supply port. An instantaneous heating device for water, characterized in that an aperture for narrowing is provided.
たことを特徴とする請求項1記載の水の瞬間加熱装置。2. The instantaneous heating device for water according to claim 1, wherein said restrictor is formed by constriction of said conduit.
とを特徴とする請求項1記載の水の瞬間加熱装置。3. The instantaneous heating device for water according to claim 1, wherein a positive displacement pump is used as said pump.
設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の水の瞬間加熱装
置。4. The instant water heating device according to claim 1, wherein a check valve is provided between the pump and the water supply port.
属管に、前記給水口から水を供給しながら通電し、この
通電による前記金属管の発熱により水を加熱して前記湯
口から湯又は蒸気を連続的に取り出すようにした水の瞬
間加熱装置において、 目標とする前記水の流量及び前記湯の温度又は蒸気の温
度若しくは湿り度から適正な供給電力を演算する演算手
段と、この演算手段の演算結果に基づいて電力供給装置
に前記金属管に供給する電力を指令する電力指令手段と
を設けたことを特徴とする水の瞬間加熱装置。5. A metal pipe provided with a water supply port at one end and a sprue at the other end is supplied with water from said water supply port while supplying electricity thereto, and heat is generated by said metal pipe due to the energization to heat the water so that the sprue is heated. An instantaneous heating device for continuously extracting hot water or steam from the apparatus, comprising: calculating means for calculating an appropriate supply power from a target flow rate of the water and a temperature of the hot water or a temperature or wetness of the steam; An instantaneous heating device for water, comprising: a power commanding means for commanding power supplied to the metal tube to a power supply device based on a calculation result of the calculating means.
検出する水検出器を設け、この水検出器により水が検出
されないときは前記金属管への電力供給を直ちに停止す
るようにしたことを特徴とする請求項5記載の水の瞬間
加熱装置。6. A water detector for detecting the presence or absence of water is provided in a pipe upstream of the water supply port, and when no water is detected by the water detector, power supply to the metal pipe is immediately stopped. 6. The instantaneous heating device for water according to claim 5, wherein:
部分の温度を検出する温度検出器を設け、この温度検出
器が異常温度を検出したときは前記金属管に供給する電
力を絞るようにしたことを特徴とする請求項5記載の水
の瞬間加熱装置。7. A temperature detector for detecting a temperature of an energized portion near the water supply port of the metal pipe, and when the temperature detector detects an abnormal temperature, the power supplied to the metal pipe is reduced. 6. The instantaneous heating device for water according to claim 5, wherein:
部分の温度を検出する温度検出器を設け、この温度検出
器で検出した金属管温度から前記湯口の湯又は蒸気の温
度を推測するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項5記載
の水の瞬間加熱装置。8. A temperature detector for detecting the temperature of a non-energized portion near the gate of the metal pipe, and the temperature of the hot water or steam of the gate is estimated from the temperature of the metal pipe detected by the temperature detector. 6. The instantaneous heating device for water according to claim 5, wherein:
るか、部分的に偏平に変形させたことを特徴とする請求
項1又は請求項5記載の水の瞬間加熱装置。9. An instantaneous water heating device according to claim 1, wherein said metal tube is bent in a spiral or snake shape or partially flattened.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001127686A JP2002323259A (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2001-04-25 | Instantaneous water-heating equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001127686A JP2002323259A (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2001-04-25 | Instantaneous water-heating equipment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2002323259A true JP2002323259A (en) | 2002-11-08 |
Family
ID=18976511
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001127686A Pending JP2002323259A (en) | 2001-04-25 | 2001-04-25 | Instantaneous water-heating equipment |
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JP (1) | JP2002323259A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2015070907A (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-16 | 株式会社ウェイナ総合研究所 | Fluid heating device and dental wax washing equipment |
JP2016532268A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2016-10-13 | クロマロックス,インコーポレイテッド | Power supply to heat tracing system sensor |
KR102172060B1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-10-30 | 최영우 | Heating device cleaning device thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-04-25 JP JP2001127686A patent/JP2002323259A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016532268A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2016-10-13 | クロマロックス,インコーポレイテッド | Power supply to heat tracing system sensor |
JP2015070907A (en) * | 2013-10-02 | 2015-04-16 | 株式会社ウェイナ総合研究所 | Fluid heating device and dental wax washing equipment |
KR102172060B1 (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-10-30 | 최영우 | Heating device cleaning device thereof |
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