JP2002224933A - Control method for temperature of cutting liquid - Google Patents
Control method for temperature of cutting liquidInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002224933A JP2002224933A JP2001019109A JP2001019109A JP2002224933A JP 2002224933 A JP2002224933 A JP 2002224933A JP 2001019109 A JP2001019109 A JP 2001019109A JP 2001019109 A JP2001019109 A JP 2001019109A JP 2002224933 A JP2002224933 A JP 2002224933A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- cutting fluid
- room temperature
- change
- cutting liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、工作機械において
切削液の温度を制御する方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of a cutting fluid in a machine tool.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、工作機械においては、稼動時の
機体各部の発熱や加工熱、あるいは切削液温度や室温の
変化によって加工部に熱変位が発生し、これが加工精度
に悪影響を及ぼすことが知られている。例えば、旋盤を
長時間稼動して、各ユニットを十分にウオーミングアッ
プしたのちであっても、室温が変化すると、ベッドを始
めとする機体各部の温度や切削液の温度が変化し、機械
構造体の熱変位によってワークと刃先の相対位置が変化
し、加工寸法誤差が生じる。2. Description of the Related Art In general, in a machine tool, heat displacement of a machined portion occurs due to heat generation and machining heat of a machine body during operation, or a change in a cutting fluid temperature or a room temperature, which adversely affects machining accuracy. Are known. For example, even after running a lathe for a long time and warming up each unit sufficiently, if the room temperature changes, the temperature of each part of the machine, including the bed, and the temperature of the cutting fluid change, and the The relative position between the workpiece and the cutting edge changes due to the thermal displacement, and a machining dimensional error occurs.
【０００３】特に、切削液はワークに直に触れるため、
切削液の温度がワークの温度及び熱膨張量に大きな影響
を及ぼす。従来、加工熱によって切削液温度が上昇しな
いように、温度調整装置を用いて切削液温度をコントロ
ールする方法が提案されている。ここでは、室温又はベ
ッド等の機体温度を計測し、この計測温度に合わせて切
削液温度を制御する。また、従来、加工室全体をカバー
で覆い、室温と切削液温度とを一様に変化させる設備対
策も採られている。[0003] In particular, since the cutting fluid directly touches the work,
The temperature of the cutting fluid has a great influence on the temperature and the thermal expansion of the work. Conventionally, there has been proposed a method of controlling the temperature of a cutting fluid by using a temperature adjusting device so that the temperature of the cutting fluid does not rise due to processing heat. Here, a room temperature or a temperature of a machine body such as a bed is measured, and the cutting fluid temperature is controlled in accordance with the measured temperature. Conventionally, equipment measures have been taken to cover the entire processing chamber with a cover and uniformly change the room temperature and the cutting fluid temperature.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、室温が変化
する環境下では、通常、機械構造体の熱変位が室温と異
なる速度で変化する。このため、従来方法により切削液
温度を室温又は機体温度に合わせて制御したとしても、
ワークの熱膨張量がワークと刃先の相対変位量と時間変
化で一致せず、加工寸法誤差が生じる。また、ワークと
刃先の相対変位と同様に変化する部位の機体温度を用い
る方法も考えられるが、その部位を特定することは困難
である。なお、カバーによる対策は、設備費が高くつ
き、機械が大型化する問題がある。However, in an environment where the room temperature changes, the thermal displacement of the mechanical structure usually changes at a different speed from the room temperature. For this reason, even if the cutting fluid temperature is controlled according to the room temperature or the machine temperature by the conventional method,
The amount of thermal expansion of the workpiece does not match the relative displacement between the workpiece and the cutting edge over time, resulting in a machining dimensional error. Further, a method using the body temperature of a portion that changes in the same manner as the relative displacement between the workpiece and the cutting edge can be considered, but it is difficult to specify the portion. In addition, the countermeasure by the cover has a problem that the equipment cost is high and the machine becomes large.
【０００５】そこで、本発明の課題は、室温が変化する
環境下で、ワークの熱膨張速度とワークと刃先の相対変
位変化速度とを等しくして、加工寸法誤差を簡単に抑制
できる切削液温度制御方法を提供することにある。[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cutting fluid temperature in which the thermal expansion rate of a work and the relative displacement change rate of a work and a cutting edge are made equal under an environment where room temperature changes, so that a machining dimensional error can be easily suppressed. It is to provide a control method.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めに、本発明による切削液温度制御方法は、室温又は機
体温度を計測し、計測温度に基づいて切削液の温度を制
御するにあたり、数値化された計測温度を用い、一次遅
れ系の演算により、室温の変化に伴うワークと刃先の相
対変位変化速度に合わせて切削液の温度を変化させるこ
とを特徴とする。Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a cutting fluid temperature control method according to the present invention measures a room temperature or a machine body temperature and controls the temperature of the cutting fluid based on the measured temperature. It is characterized in that the temperature of the cutting fluid is changed in accordance with the relative displacement change speed between the workpiece and the cutting edge accompanying the change in room temperature by using a numerically measured temperature and calculating a first-order lag system.
【０００７】ここで、室温の変化が加工寸法に与える影
響について説明する。図２は１日の室温変化を想定した
モデル図である。この環境下で切削液を用いて機械加工
を行うと、切削液は室温と熱交換され、切削液温度が図
３に示すように室温変化に対し応答遅れを伴って変化す
る。このとき、ワーク温度は切削液の影響でほぼ同じ温
度となり、ワークに熱変形が生じ、ベッドを始めとした
機体各部も室温変化の影響で温度変化と共に熱変形を生
じる。そして、各部の熱変形が集積して機械構造体の熱
変位として現れ、これによってワークと刃先の距離が変
化する。Here, the effect of a change in room temperature on the processing size will be described. FIG. 2 is a model diagram assuming a daily change in room temperature. When machining is performed using a cutting fluid in this environment, the cutting fluid exchanges heat with room temperature, and the cutting fluid temperature changes with a response delay to a change in room temperature as shown in FIG. At this time, the temperature of the work becomes substantially the same temperature due to the influence of the cutting fluid, and the work undergoes thermal deformation, and each part of the machine body including the bed also undergoes thermal deformation together with the temperature change due to the change in room temperature. Then, the thermal deformation of each part accumulates and appears as a thermal displacement of the mechanical structure, thereby changing the distance between the workpiece and the cutting edge.
【０００８】図３において機械温度変化とは、機械構造
体の熱変位変化を温度変化に換算して示すもので、ワー
クと刃先の相対変位変化に対する実効的な温度変化に相
当する。この図から明らかなように、室温が変化する環
境下では、機械構造体温度が切削液温度と異なる速度で
変化する。そして、この速度差により加工寸法が図４に
示すように変化する。従って、本発明では、室温が変化
する環境下で加工寸法誤差を抑制できるように、切削液
の温度を機械構造体の実効温度変化に合わせて変化させ
る方法が採用される。In FIG. 3, the change in mechanical temperature indicates a change in thermal displacement of a mechanical structure converted into a change in temperature, and corresponds to an effective change in temperature with respect to a change in relative displacement between the workpiece and the cutting edge. As is apparent from this figure, in an environment where the room temperature changes, the temperature of the mechanical structure changes at a speed different from the temperature of the cutting fluid. Then, the processing size changes as shown in FIG. 4 due to the speed difference. Therefore, in the present invention, a method is adopted in which the temperature of the cutting fluid is changed in accordance with the change in the effective temperature of the mechanical structure so that the processing dimensional error can be suppressed in an environment where the room temperature changes.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。図１に示す旋盤においては、主軸
台１と刃物台４とがベッド３の上に設置され、タンク５
とポンプ６とがベッド３の下に分離した状態で配設され
ている。主軸台１にはワーク（図示略）を把持するチャ
ック２が装着され、刃物台４にはワークを切削するバイ
ト７が保持されている。タンク５の切削液はポンプ６に
よってチャック２近傍の加工部に供給され、ベッド３は
切削液が直接かからないようにカバー（図示略）で覆わ
れている。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the lathe shown in FIG. 1, a headstock 1 and a tool post 4 are installed on a bed 3 and a tank 5
And the pump 6 are arranged separately below the bed 3. A chuck 2 for holding a work (not shown) is mounted on the headstock 1, and a tool 7 for cutting the work is held on the tool rest 4. The cutting fluid in the tank 5 is supplied by the pump 6 to the processing section near the chuck 2, and the bed 3 is covered with a cover (not shown) so that the cutting fluid is not directly applied.
【００１０】また、切削液は切削液温度制御装置８を循
環し、この装置８に温度調整指令装置９が接続されてい
る。ベッド３の表面には、室温に対し比較的速やかに応
答する機体温度を計測する温度センサ１０が取り付けら
れている。そして、温度センサ１０の出力に基づき温度
調整指令装置９が切削液温度を指令し、これに従い切削
液温度制御装置８が冷却又は加熱等の公知の方法で切削
液の温度を制御するように構成されている。なお、温度
センサ１０をベッド３から離れた場所に取り付け、室温
を直接計測してもよい。The cutting fluid circulates through a cutting fluid temperature control device 8, to which a temperature adjustment command device 9 is connected. The surface of the bed 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 10 for measuring the body temperature which responds relatively quickly to room temperature. The temperature adjustment command device 9 instructs the temperature of the cutting fluid based on the output of the temperature sensor 10, and the cutting fluid temperature control device 8 controls the temperature of the cutting fluid by a known method such as cooling or heating. Have been. Note that the temperature sensor 10 may be attached to a place away from the bed 3 to directly measure the room temperature.
【００１１】温度調整指令装置９は、温度センサ１０が
計測した温度データに基づき、このデータをアナログ処
理する場合にはＣＲ回路等の公知の一次遅れフィルタを
用い、デジタル処理する場合には移動平均又は指数平滑
のデジタルフィルタを用いて、室温変化に対応する切削
液温度の指令値を決定する。これにより切削液温度制御
装置８は、室温の変化に伴うワークと刃先の相対変位変
化速度に合わせて、切削液の温度を容易に変化させるこ
とが可能となる。The temperature adjustment command device 9 uses a known first-order lag filter such as a CR circuit for analog processing of the data based on the temperature data measured by the temperature sensor 10, and a moving average for digital processing. Alternatively, a command value of the cutting fluid temperature corresponding to the change in room temperature is determined using an exponentially smoothed digital filter. Thereby, the cutting fluid temperature control device 8 can easily change the temperature of the cutting fluid in accordance with the relative displacement change speed between the workpiece and the cutting edge accompanying the change in the room temperature.
【００１２】温度データをデジタル処理する場合には、
温度調整指令装置９において、数値化された計測温度
と、実験結果より求めた機械構造体の温度変化に相当す
る係数とを用い、一次遅れ系の演算により切削液の温度
指令値が算出される。例えば指数平滑デジタルフィルタ
の場合は、次の式１及び比例式２を用いて温度指令値が
生成される。 生成温度＝先回の生成温度＋（センサ計測温度−先回の生成温度）・Ｆ 式１ 指令温度＝Ｋ・生成温度 式２When digitally processing temperature data,
In the temperature adjustment command device 9, a temperature command value of the cutting fluid is calculated by a first-order lag-based operation using the digitized measured temperature and a coefficient corresponding to a temperature change of the mechanical structure obtained from an experimental result. . For example, in the case of an exponential smoothing digital filter, a temperature command value is generated using the following equation 1 and proportional equation 2. Generation temperature = previous generation temperature + (sensor measurement temperature−previous generation temperature) · F Equation 1 Command temperature = K · Generation temperature Equation 2
【００１３】式１においてＦはフィルタ係数である。こ
の係数Ｆは図３に示す曲線のピーク点を時間軸方向に移
動させる作用があるので、切削液温度のピーク時間が機
械構造体温度のピーク時間と一致するように係数Ｆが設
定される。具体的には、室温が変化する環境下で切削し
たときの実験結果をもとに係数Ｆを求めるのが、正確か
つ容易に設定できる点で好ましい。式２においてＫは、
式１で求めた生成温度を機械構造体の実効温度変化に合
わせるための換算率であり、これも実験により求められ
る。In equation 1, F is a filter coefficient. Since the coefficient F has an effect of moving the peak point of the curve shown in FIG. 3 in the time axis direction, the coefficient F is set so that the peak time of the cutting fluid temperature matches the peak time of the mechanical structure temperature. Specifically, it is preferable to obtain the coefficient F based on an experimental result obtained when cutting is performed in an environment where the room temperature changes, because it can be accurately and easily set. In Equation 2, K is
This is a conversion factor for adjusting the generation temperature obtained by Expression 1 to the change in the effective temperature of the mechanical structure, which is also obtained by experiment.
【００１４】上記方法によれば、室温が変化する環境下
において、切削液温度の変化速度を機械構造体の熱変位
変化速度に合わせることができ、ワークの熱膨張速度と
ワークと刃先の相対変位変化速度とをほぼ等しくして、
加工寸法誤差を効率よく抑制することができる。また、
室温と切削液温度とを一様に変化させるための加工室カ
バー（図１参照）は必須でなくなるため、これを省略し
て旋盤を小型かつ安価に構成することも可能である。According to the above method, in an environment where the room temperature changes, the rate of change of the cutting fluid temperature can be matched with the rate of change of the thermal displacement of the mechanical structure. With the speed of change approximately equal,
Processing dimension errors can be suppressed efficiently. Also,
Since a machining chamber cover (see FIG. 1) for uniformly changing the room temperature and the cutting fluid temperature is not required, the lathe can be configured to be small and inexpensive by omitting it.
【００１５】なお、本発明は旋盤に限定されるものでは
なく、研削盤やフライス盤やマシニングセンタ等の各種
工作機械に適用するなど、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範
囲で各部の構成を適宜に変更して実施することも可能で
ある。The present invention is not limited to a lathe, but may be applied to various machine tools such as a grinding machine, a milling machine, a machining center, and the like, and may be appropriately modified in the configuration of each part without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to carry out.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明の切削液温
度制御方法によれば、ワークと刃先の相対変位変化速度
に合わせて切削液の温度を変化させるので、室温が変化
する環境下で、ワークの熱膨張速度とワークと刃先の相
対変位変化速度とを等しくして、加工寸法誤差を簡単に
抑制できるという優れた効果を奏する。As described above in detail, according to the cutting fluid temperature control method of the present invention, the temperature of the cutting fluid is changed in accordance with the relative displacement changing speed between the work and the cutting edge, so that the environment can be changed in an environment where the room temperature changes. Thus, an excellent effect that the thermal expansion speed of the work and the relative displacement change speed of the work and the cutting edge are made equal to each other to easily suppress a processing dimensional error is exhibited.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態を示す切削液温度制御シス
テムの概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cutting fluid temperature control system showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】室温の経時変化を示す特性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a change with time in room temperature.
【図３】室温、切削液温度、機械構造体温度の経時変化
を示す特性図である。FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing changes over time in room temperature, cutting fluid temperature, and mechanical structure temperature.
【図４】加工寸法の経時変化を示す特性図である。FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a temporal change of a processing dimension.
１・・主軸、２・・チャック、３・・ベッド、４・・刃
物台、５・・タンク、６・・ポンプ、７・・バイト、８
・・切削液温度制御装置、９・・温度調整指令装置、１
０・・温度センサ。1. Spindle, 2. Chuck, 3. Bed, 4. Turret, 5. Tank, 6. Pump, 7. Tool, 8
..Cutting fluid temperature control device, 9.Temperature adjustment command device, 1
0 .. Temperature sensor.
Claims (1)
基づいて切削液の温度を制御するにあたり、数値化され
た計測温度を用い、一次遅れ系の演算により、室温の変
化に伴うワークと刃先の相対変位変化速度に合わせて切
削液の温度を変化させることを特徴とする切削液温度制
御方法。1. A method for measuring a room temperature or a machine body temperature and controlling a temperature of a cutting fluid based on the measured temperature using a numerically measured temperature and calculating a first-order lag system to calculate a work with a change in the room temperature. A method for controlling a temperature of a cutting fluid, wherein the temperature of the cutting fluid is changed in accordance with a relative displacement changing speed of the cutting edge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001019109A JP2002224933A (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Control method for temperature of cutting liquid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001019109A JP2002224933A (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Control method for temperature of cutting liquid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002224933A true JP2002224933A (en) | 2002-08-13 |
Family
ID=18885046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001019109A Pending JP2002224933A (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2001-01-26 | Control method for temperature of cutting liquid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002224933A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011224719A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-11-10 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Grinding device for cylinder bore |
| JP2012200854A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-22 | Seibu Electric & Mach Co Ltd | Wire electric discharge machine, head control method, and program thereof |
-
2001
- 2001-01-26 JP JP2001019109A patent/JP2002224933A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011224719A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-11-10 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Grinding device for cylinder bore |
| JP2012200854A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-22 | Seibu Electric & Mach Co Ltd | Wire electric discharge machine, head control method, and program thereof |
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