JP2002191095A - Electroacoustic transducer - Google Patents
Electroacoustic transducerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002191095A JP2002191095A JP2000385894A JP2000385894A JP2002191095A JP 2002191095 A JP2002191095 A JP 2002191095A JP 2000385894 A JP2000385894 A JP 2000385894A JP 2000385894 A JP2000385894 A JP 2000385894A JP 2002191095 A JP2002191095 A JP 2002191095A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- diaphragm
- emitting element
- conversion device
- shielding housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はマイクロホン装置な
どの音響電気変換装置に係り、特に音響による振動板の
振動変位を光の受光量の変化に対応する電気信号に変換
して検出する音響電気変換装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an acousto-electric conversion device such as a microphone device, and more particularly to an acousto-electric conversion device for converting vibration displacement of a diaphragm caused by sound into an electric signal corresponding to a change in the amount of received light to detect the sound. Related to the device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来技術におけるマイクロホン音声変換
方式はコンデンサー及びダイナミック方式が中心として
実用されている。コンデンサー方式は静電容量の変化を
電気信号に変換して音声として取り出している。音波の
強弱により振動板（高分子フィルム）は垂直方向に振動
し電極間の静電容量は振動板が振動する事により静電容
量が変化しその変化量に応じて電気信号が出力される。
ダイナミック方式は振動板に垂直にコイルが設けられて
おり更にその一方にはこのコイルに対応した磁気回路上
に誘導コイルが設けられ音波により垂直振動された振動
板コイルは誘導コイルとの間に起電力を生じさせ音声信
号として出力される。上記２タイプの電気変換方式が従
来技術として現在もマイクロホンの分野では中心的な役
割を果しているほか、光を使った電気変換方式も提案さ
れ実用化研究が行われている。光を使った電気変換方式
は振動板に光を当てその振動板の反射光を受光素子で受
光し電気変換して出力するものである。2. Description of the Related Art Microphone sound conversion systems in the prior art are mainly used in condenser and dynamic systems. In the capacitor method, a change in capacitance is converted into an electric signal and extracted as sound. The diaphragm (polymer film) vibrates in the vertical direction due to the strength of the sound wave, and the capacitance between the electrodes changes due to the vibration of the diaphragm, and an electric signal is output according to the amount of change.
In the dynamic method, a coil is provided vertically on the diaphragm, and one of the coils is provided with an induction coil on a magnetic circuit corresponding to the coil, and the diaphragm coil vertically vibrated by sound waves is generated between the induction coil and the induction coil. Electric power is generated and output as an audio signal. The above two types of electrical conversion systems still play a central role in the field of microphones as a conventional technology, and electrical conversion systems using light have been proposed and studied for practical use. In the electrical conversion method using light, light is applied to a vibration plate, and light reflected by the vibration plate is received by a light receiving element, converted into electricity, and output.
【０００３】図２は光を使った電気変換方式の従来技術
を説明する図面である。同図において、振動板２０３と
対向して発光素子２０１及び受光素子２０２をそれぞれ
一対ずつ設け、中央に光を遮蔽するための遮光板２０４
を設ける。発光素子２０１から発せられた光は振動板２
０３に照射される。そして、振動板２０３の垂直振動変
化量に応じた反射光量が受光素子２０２に入力されて電
気信号として変換され、増幅器２０５を通って出力（電
気出力２０７）される。発光素子２０１への電力は電源
部２０６により供給される。FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a conventional technology of an electric conversion system using light. In the figure, a light-emitting element 201 and a light-receiving element 202 are provided in pairs each facing a vibration plate 203, and a light shielding plate 204 for shielding light at the center is provided.
Is provided. Light emitted from the light emitting element 201 is the diaphragm 2
03 is irradiated. The amount of reflected light according to the amount of change in the vertical vibration of the diaphragm 203 is input to the light receiving element 202, converted into an electric signal, and output through the amplifier 205 (electric output 207). Power to the light emitting element 201 is supplied by a power supply unit 206.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図２に示したとおり、
従来技術における振動板２０３の形状は平面であった。
また、振動板２０３は円形で構成されているため、その
振動分布は中心部が最大の振れを示し外側に向うほど振
動幅が少なかった。よって、振動板２０３とこれと対向
して設けられている遮光板２０４との間に形成され、光
を透過させる光透過スリット２０８を通る光は、振動板
２０３の中心部と外側とでは光が均一に分布せず、光漏
れの原因となっていた。そして、この光漏れが原因とな
って、振動板２０３が完全に閉じた状態におけるＳ/Ｎ
比（Signal to Noise Ratio）が悪化し、音声の劣化が
起こるという問題があった。本発明は上述した従来の音
響電気変換装置に用いられる振動板の問題点を解決する
ためになされたもので、高性能かつ量産性に適した振動
板、遮光ハウジング構造を備えた音響電気変換装置を提
供することを目的とする。As shown in FIG.
The shape of the diaphragm 203 in the related art was a plane.
Further, since the vibration plate 203 is formed in a circular shape, the vibration distribution thereof has the largest vibration at the center portion, and the vibration width is smaller toward the outside. Therefore, the light passing through the light transmitting slit 208 formed between the vibration plate 203 and the light shielding plate 204 provided to face the light and passing through the light transmission slit 208 transmits light between the center portion and the outside of the vibration plate 203. It was not evenly distributed, causing light leakage. Then, due to the light leakage, the S / N in a state where the diaphragm 203 is completely closed is set.
There is a problem that the ratio (Signal to Noise Ratio) is deteriorated and the sound is deteriorated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the problems of the diaphragm used in the above-described conventional acousto-electric conversion device, and has a diaphragm and a light-shielding housing structure suitable for high performance and mass production. The purpose is to provide.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、支持部材に張
設された薄膜状の振動板に対向して発光素子と受光素子
とを配置し、発光素子から振動板に放射された光の反射
光を受光素子で受光して電気信号として取出すことによ
り振動板の音響による振動変位を検出する音響電気変換
装置において、発光素子を底面中央に内設した遮光ハウ
ジングを備え、この遮光ハウジングの上面と振動板の中
心部とをドーム状に成型し、振動板と遮光ハウジングと
の間に光を均一に伝搬させるためのクリアランスを設け
たことを特徴とする。前記音響電気変換装置において、
遮光ハウジングのキャビティ上部に発光窓を設け、遮光
ハウジングの外壁上部に受光素子を周設することができ
る。According to the present invention, a light emitting element and a light receiving element are arranged so as to face a thin film diaphragm stretched over a support member, and light emitted from the light emitting element to the diaphragm is reduced. An acousto-electric conversion device for detecting a vibration displacement due to sound of a diaphragm by receiving reflected light by a light receiving element and extracting the reflected light as an electric signal, comprising a light shielding housing having a light emitting element provided in the center of a bottom surface, and an upper surface of the light shielding housing And a central portion of the diaphragm is formed in a dome shape, and a clearance is provided between the diaphragm and the light shielding housing for uniformly transmitting light. In the acoustoelectric conversion device,
A light-emitting window can be provided above the cavity of the light-shielding housing, and a light-receiving element can be provided above the outer wall of the light-shielding housing.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】以下本発明の実施の形態を詳細に
説明する。図１には本発明に係る音響電気変換装置に用
いられる振動板の形状および構造が断面図で示されてい
る。図１に示す音響電気変換装置は、アルミ箔等の薄い
薄膜状の振動板１０３を中央に開口部のある円形リング
状の支持部材に張設し、この振動板１０３に対向した位
置に発光素子１０４を配置し、発光素子１０４から振動
板１０３に光を放射し、この光の反射光を受光素子１０
５で受光して電気信号として取出すことにより振動板１
０３の音響による振動変位を検出するように構成されて
いる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the shape and structure of a diaphragm used in the acoustoelectric conversion device according to the present invention. The acoustoelectric conversion device shown in FIG. 1 has a thin-film diaphragm 103 made of aluminum foil or the like stretched over a circular ring-shaped support member having an opening at the center, and a light emitting element is provided at a position facing the diaphragm 103. 104, light is emitted from the light emitting element 104 to the diaphragm 103, and the reflected light of this light is
The diaphragm 1 receives light at 5 and extracts it as an electrical signal.
It is configured to detect a vibration displacement due to the sound of No. 03.
【０００７】図１における実施の形態では発光素子１０
４は遮光ハウジング１０６の底面中央に配置され、この
発光素子１０４からの光が外部に漏れないように遮光ハ
ウジング１０６の内壁で包囲されている。また、発光素
子１０４が内設された遮光ハウジング１０６のキャビテ
ィ１０７上部には発光窓１１５が設けられている。電源
部１０８からの供給電力によって発光素子１０４から放
射された光は、光の放射角度１０２をもった角度で振動
板１０３に照射され、音波等により振動をした振動板１
０３は上下に振れる。[0007] In the embodiment shown in FIG.
Numeral 4 is disposed at the center of the bottom surface of the light-shielding housing 106 and is surrounded by the inner wall of the light-shielding housing 106 so that light from the light emitting element 104 does not leak outside. A light-emitting window 115 is provided above the cavity 107 of the light-shielding housing 106 in which the light-emitting element 104 is provided. Light emitted from the light emitting element 104 by the power supplied from the power supply unit 108 is applied to the vibration plate 103 at an angle having a light emission angle 102, and the vibration plate 1 vibrated by a sound wave or the like.
03 swings up and down.
【０００８】振動板１０３と遮光ハウジング１０６との
間には僅かな隙間、すわなち、クリアランス１１０が設
けられており、発光素子１０４から振動板１０３に照射
された光はこのクリアランス１１０に反射して受光素子
１０５に照射される。ここで、クリアランス１１０に反
射した光を受光素子１０５に確実に照射させるため、受
光素子１０５は遮光ハウジング１０６の外壁上部（クリ
アランス１１０側）に周設される。受光素子１０５は照
射されたこの光を電気信号に変換し、増幅器１０９によ
り信号増幅して音声信号として出力する。本発明の特徴
の１つとして振動板１０３の中心部分はドーム状に成型
されている。そして、ドーム状に成型された振動板１０
３の中心部分と対向する位置にある遮光ハウジング１０
６の上面もドーム状に成型されている。[0008] A small gap, that is, a clearance 110 is provided between the diaphragm 103 and the light shielding housing 106. Light emitted from the light emitting element 104 to the diaphragm 103 is reflected by the clearance 110. The light is irradiated on the light receiving element 105. Here, in order to irradiate the light reflected by the clearance 110 to the light receiving element 105 without fail, the light receiving element 105 is provided around the outer wall of the light shielding housing 106 (toward the clearance 110). The light receiving element 105 converts the irradiated light into an electric signal, amplifies the signal by an amplifier 109, and outputs the signal as an audio signal. As one of the features of the present invention, the central portion of the diaphragm 103 is formed in a dome shape. And the diaphragm 10 molded in a dome shape
Light-shielding housing 10 at a position facing the center of
6 is also formed in a dome shape.
【０００９】図１に示すように、振動板１０３と遮光ハ
ウジング１０６の上面とをドーム状に成型することによ
り、振動板１０３の振動に対応して振動板１０３と遮光
ハウジング１０６との間にある隙間、すなわちクリアラ
ンス１１０を平行に保つことが可能となる。クリアラン
ス１１０が平行状態を維持しているとき、振動板１０３
の振動幅に応じてクリアランス１１０が変化する。そし
てこれにより、均一な光を受光素子１０５に伝えること
ができる。このように本発明によれば、発光素子からの
光漏れを回避し、受光素子に対して光を効率的に伝搬す
ることが可能になる。さらに、本発明によれば光を均一
に伝搬することが可能となるため、Ｓ/Ｎ比が向上し、
良好な音声信号を出力させることが可能になる。さら
に、本発明による音響電気変換装置は、その構造が簡素
であるため生産性に優れているという利点を有する。As shown in FIG. 1, the diaphragm 103 and the upper surface of the light-shielding housing 106 are formed in a dome shape, so that the diaphragm 103 and the light-shielding housing 106 are disposed in correspondence with the vibration of the diaphragm 103. The gap, that is, the clearance 110 can be kept parallel. When the clearance 110 maintains the parallel state, the diaphragm 103
The clearance 110 changes in accordance with the vibration width of. Thus, uniform light can be transmitted to the light receiving element 105. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to avoid light leakage from the light emitting element and efficiently transmit light to the light receiving element. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since light can be propagated uniformly, the S / N ratio is improved,
It is possible to output a good audio signal. Further, the acoustoelectric conversion device according to the present invention has an advantage that the structure is simple and thus the productivity is excellent.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の効果】以上詳細に説明したように、本発明によ
ると、高性能かつ量産性に適した振動板、遮光ハウジン
グ構造を備えた音響電気変換装置を提供することができ
る。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an acoustoelectric conversion device having a diaphragm and a light-shielding housing structure suitable for high performance and mass productivity.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態を示す断面図及び局部拡大
図。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来の音響電気変換装置に用いられる構造を示
す断面図及び斜視図。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view and a perspective view showing a structure used in a conventional acoustoelectric conversion device.
１０３ 振動板 １０４ 発光素子 １０５ 受光素子 １０６ 遮光ハウジング １１０ クリアランス 103 Vibration plate 104 Light emitting element 105 Light receiving element 106 Light shielding housing 110 Clearance
Claims (2)
対向して発光素子と受光素子とを配置し、前記発光素子
から前記振動板に放射された光の反射光を前記受光素子
で受光して電気信号として取出すことにより前記振動板
の音響による振動変位を検出する音響電気変換装置にお
いて、 前記発光素子を底面中央に内設した遮光ハウジングを備
え、前記遮光ハウジングの上面と前記振動板の中心部と
をドーム状に成型し、前記振動板と前記遮光ハウジング
との間に光を均一に伝搬させるためのクリアランスを設
けたことを特徴とする音響電気変換装置。1. A light-emitting element and a light-receiving element are arranged to face a thin-film vibration plate stretched on a support member, and reflected light of light emitted from the light-emitting element to the vibration plate is received by the light-receiving element. An acousto-electric conversion device for detecting vibration displacement due to the sound of the diaphragm by receiving the light as an electric signal and detecting the vibration displacement of the diaphragm, comprising: a light-shielding housing in which the light-emitting element is provided at the center of the bottom surface; An acousto-electric conversion device characterized in that a central portion of the plate is formed in a dome shape, and a clearance is provided between the diaphragm and the light-shielding housing for uniformly transmitting light.
いて、 前記発光素子のあるキャビティ上部に発光窓を設け、前
記遮光ハウジングの外壁上部に前記受光素子を周設した
ことを特徴とする音響電気変換装置。2. The acoustic-electric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein a light-emitting window is provided above a cavity where the light-emitting element is located, and the light-receiving element is provided around an outer wall of the light-shielding housing. Electric conversion device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000385894A JP3887535B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2000-12-19 | Acoustoelectric converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000385894A JP3887535B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2000-12-19 | Acoustoelectric converter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002191095A true JP2002191095A (en) | 2002-07-05 |
| JP3887535B2 JP3887535B2 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
Family
ID=18853085
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000385894A Expired - Fee Related JP3887535B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2000-12-19 | Acoustoelectric converter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3887535B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101646121A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-10 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Microphone module |
-
2000
- 2000-12-19 JP JP2000385894A patent/JP3887535B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101646121A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-10 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Microphone module |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3887535B2 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
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