JP2002181445A - Air separator having packed tower - Google Patents
Air separator having packed towerInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002181445A JP2002181445A JP2001330120A JP2001330120A JP2002181445A JP 2002181445 A JP2002181445 A JP 2002181445A JP 2001330120 A JP2001330120 A JP 2001330120A JP 2001330120 A JP2001330120 A JP 2001330120A JP 2002181445 A JP2002181445 A JP 2002181445A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- column
- packed tower
- liquid distribution
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04896—Details of columns, e.g. internals, inlet/outlet devices
- F25J3/04927—Liquid or gas distribution devices
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は充填物を内蔵した空気分
離装置に関し、特に、充填塔の小型化に適用した空気分
離装置の塔構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air separation device having a built-in packing, and more particularly to a tower structure of an air separation device applied to downsizing of a packed tower.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】蒸留塔の充填塔内に配設される従来の液
体分配装置に関しては特開平５−１８４８０４号に記載
されているように、充填物と充填物の間に上部充填物よ
り落下してくる液体を補集するコレクタ、及びコレクタ
で集めた液体を集合する集合配管、この集合配管の下端
で連通して充填塔の塔断面に一様に配設される多数の孔
を有する分散管からなる構造が一般的で、液のヘッドを
利用して液体を均一に分散させるようになっている。あ
るいは特公平６−７７６８３号公報に記載されているよ
うに分散管の代りに略矩形のオリフィス式のトラフを用
いたものが公知となっている。さらには特開平６−２８
５３２３号公報に記載されているように、充填塔の高さ
を低く抑えるために液を捕集するコレクタと液分配箱が
一体化されたのも提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-184804, a conventional liquid distributing apparatus disposed in a packed column of a distillation column is provided such that a liquid is dropped from an upper packed material between the packed materials. A collector for collecting the liquid collected, a collecting pipe for collecting the liquid collected by the collector, and a dispersion having a number of holes which are communicated at the lower end of the collecting pipe and are uniformly arranged on the cross section of the packed tower. A general structure of a tube is used, and a liquid head is used to uniformly disperse the liquid. Alternatively, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-77683, a device using a substantially rectangular orifice type trough instead of the dispersion tube is known. Further, JP-A-6-28
As described in Japanese Patent No. 5323, it has been proposed that a collector for collecting liquid and a liquid distribution box are integrated in order to keep the height of the packed tower low.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記液
体分配装置の従来技術は充填塔内に設置された場合に充
填塔の高さを低減する構造に関して十分なものではなか
った。あるいは小型化が達成されていても、液体を均一
に分配する方法に関して十分なものではなかった。However, the prior art of the above-mentioned liquid distribution apparatus is not sufficient with respect to the structure for reducing the height of the packed tower when installed in the packed tower. Or, even if miniaturization has been achieved, it has not been sufficient for a method of uniformly distributing liquid.
【０００４】例えば充填塔内の規則充填物の性能を十分
に引き出すためには、初期に均一な液分散を行うことが
不可欠であることが公知となっている。これを達成する
ためには、充填物の種類にもよるが、塔段面積１平方メ
ートル当りに数百個の流下点を有する液体分配装置が提
案されている。しかし下降液は充填物を通過中に偏流が
生じるのを避けられないため、徐々に単位体積当りの有
効な気液接触面積が小さくなり、精留効率が低下する。
そこで、従来の充填塔では、気液接触用充填物の連続し
た充填高さをある範囲に区切り、充填物と充填物の間に
コレクタ（集液装置）と再び液を分散させるための液体
分配装置が設置されていた。一方、従来のコレクタと液
分配装置の充填塔内への設置は充填塔の高さに対してか
なりな不利益を生じさせる。すなわちコレクタと液分配
装置のために必要な空間を充填塔内に確保させねばなら
ず、充填塔の高さを不要に高くする原因となっていた。
工業的規模の充填塔ではコレクタと液分配装置の設置の
ための空間の高さは約２メートル必要である。また他の
液を流入される必要があるときはその配管設備のために
さらにこの空間の高さは大きくなる。本発明の第１の目
的は液体の分散性を向上させるとともに、小形な液体分
配装置を提供することにある。[0004] For example, it has been known that it is essential to carry out a uniform liquid dispersion at the initial stage in order to sufficiently bring out the performance of the structured packing in the packed tower. To achieve this, liquid distributors have been proposed which have, depending on the type of packing, hundreds of falling points per square meter of column height. However, since it is inevitable that the descending liquid undergoes a drift while passing through the packing, the effective gas-liquid contact area per unit volume gradually decreases, and the rectification efficiency decreases.
Therefore, in the conventional packed tower, a continuous filling height of the packing for gas-liquid contact is divided into a certain range, and a collector (liquid collecting device) and a liquid distribution for dispersing the liquid again between the packings. Equipment was installed. On the other hand, the installation of conventional collectors and liquid distributors in a packed column creates a considerable disadvantage to the height of the packed column. That is, the space required for the collector and the liquid distribution device must be secured in the packed tower, which causes the height of the packed tower to be unnecessarily increased.
In an industrial-scale packed tower, the height of the space for installing the collector and the liquid distribution device needs to be about 2 meters. Also, when another liquid needs to be introduced, the height of this space is further increased due to the piping equipment. A first object of the present invention is to improve the dispersibility of a liquid and to provide a small liquid distribution device.
【０００５】さらには、本発明の液体分配装置を気液接
触を行う充填塔に具備することで、充填塔の小形化ひい
ては空気分離装置の小形化を図ることを目的としてい
る。It is another object of the present invention to provide a liquid distributing apparatus of the present invention in a packed tower for performing gas-liquid contact, thereby reducing the size of the packed tower and the size of the air separation apparatus.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記第１の目的は上方か
ら流下する液体を受け止める液受板を設け、液受板から
流下した液体を気体が上昇するための開口を設けた堰板
を有する円形の液受皿に導き、また他の液供給配管から
の液も堰板に沿って液受皿に導き、液受皿に設けた液体
が流下する開口部を介して第１の液分配箱に導き、第１
の液分配箱の下方に設けられた多数の孔を底部に有する
第２の液分配箱を複数具備することによって達成され
る。好ましくは液受皿の開口部，第１の液分配箱，第２
の液分配箱の液体流入部分に多孔板あるいは金網等から
成る緩衝板を設けることによって液体の均一分散性が向
上する。さらに、好ましくは円形の液受皿の外周に液体
が導かれるように液受板が傾斜しており、円形の液受皿
に設けた開口部が中央に設けられ、開口部の両側に複数
の堰板を設けることが必要である。A first object of the present invention is to provide a liquid receiving plate for receiving a liquid flowing down from above, and to have a weir plate provided with an opening for allowing gas to rise from the liquid flowing down from the liquid receiving plate. The liquid is guided to the circular liquid tray, the liquid from other liquid supply pipes is also guided to the liquid tray along the weir plate, and is guided to the first liquid distribution box through the opening provided in the liquid tray and through which the liquid flows down, First
This is achieved by providing a plurality of second liquid distribution boxes having a large number of holes at the bottom provided below the liquid distribution box. Preferably, the opening of the liquid tray, the first liquid distribution box, the second
By providing a buffer plate made of a perforated plate or a wire mesh at the liquid inflow portion of the liquid distribution box, uniform dispersion of the liquid is improved. Further, preferably, the liquid receiving plate is inclined so that the liquid is guided to the outer periphery of the circular liquid receiving plate, the opening provided in the circular liquid receiving plate is provided at the center, and a plurality of weir plates are provided on both sides of the opening. It is necessary to provide.
【０００７】また、第２の目的は液体の分散性の良い小
形な液体分配装置を充填塔あるいは空気分離装置の複式
精留塔の下塔，上塔及びアルゴン塔に設けることにより
達成される。The second object is achieved by providing a small liquid distributor having good dispersibility of liquid in a lower column, an upper column, and an argon column of a double column of a packed column or an air separator.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】上記構成によれば、流下して来た液体は一旦液
受皿に捕集され、次に円形の液受皿に流下する。一方、
液受板は液体が液受皿の外周に導かれるように傾斜して
いる。従って液体は液受皿の比較的長い距離の外周を旋
回しながら穏やかな液勾配を形成した後に、液受皿の中
央に設けた開口部に流入する。また、液受皿に設けられ
た他の液供給配管からの液も液受皿に導入され、堰板に
沿って同じように開口部に流入する。この開口部に多孔
板、あるいは金網の緩衝板を設けると、オリフィス効果
によりさらに均一な流速で第１の液分配箱に流入する。
次に開口部から流入した液体は第１の液分配箱で適当な
液ヘッドを保持する。さらに液体は第１の液分配箱の下
端に適当に設けられた孔から均一に、複数の第２の液分
配箱に流入し適当な液ヘッドを保持しながら、底部に設
けた複数の孔から充填物に均一な液流量で落下する。第
１の液分配箱，第２の液分配箱の入口部分に前述したよ
うな緩衝板を設けるとさらに均一な液流量を達成でき
る。一方、本発明の液体分配装置は液受板，液受皿，第
１の液分配型箱及び第２の液分配箱が一体となっている
ので、液体分配装置の高さを低くすることができる。従
って、本発明の形態の液体分配装置では従来例の装置の
欠点を回避でき、液体の分散性を向上させるとともに、
小形な液体分配装置を提供できる。その結果、充填物を
内蔵した充填塔の小形化を行うことができる。According to the above construction, the liquid that has flowed down is once collected in the liquid receiving tray and then flows down into the circular liquid receiving tray. on the other hand,
The liquid receiving plate is inclined so that the liquid is guided to the outer periphery of the liquid receiving plate. Therefore, the liquid forms a gentle liquid gradient while swirling around the outer periphery of the liquid tray for a relatively long distance, and then flows into the opening provided in the center of the liquid tray. In addition, liquid from another liquid supply pipe provided in the liquid receiving tray is also introduced into the liquid receiving tray, and flows into the opening in the same manner along the weir plate. If a perforated plate or a wire netting buffer plate is provided in this opening, it flows into the first liquid distribution box at a more uniform flow rate due to the orifice effect.
Next, the liquid flowing from the opening holds an appropriate liquid head in the first liquid distribution box. Further, the liquid flows uniformly into the plurality of second liquid distribution boxes through holes appropriately provided at the lower end of the first liquid distribution box, and while holding an appropriate liquid head, passes through the plurality of holes provided at the bottom. Drops at a uniform liquid flow rate on the packing. If a buffer plate as described above is provided at the entrance of the first liquid distribution box and the second liquid distribution box, a more uniform liquid flow rate can be achieved. On the other hand, in the liquid distribution device of the present invention, since the liquid receiving plate, the liquid receiving plate, the first liquid distribution type box, and the second liquid distribution box are integrated, the height of the liquid distribution device can be reduced. . Therefore, in the liquid distribution device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the disadvantages of the conventional device can be avoided, and the dispersibility of the liquid can be improved.
A small liquid distribution device can be provided. As a result, it is possible to reduce the size of the packed tower containing the packing.
【０００９】空気分離装置は原料空気を高圧塔と低圧塔
からある複式精留塔及びアルゴン塔により、窒素，酸
素、及びアルゴンの沸点差を利用して精留分離を行う。
従来、精留塔には棚段を用いていたが、理論段当りの圧
力損失が小さい構造化された充填物（規則充填物）に置
き代えることにより、精留塔での圧力損失を低減できる
ことが公知となっている。しかしながら充填物の連続充
填高さの制限から、コレクタと液体分配装置を所々に設
置する必要があり、精留塔の高さ自体を不必要に大きく
していた。本発明の液体分配装置を空気分離装置の精留
塔に設けることにより、精留塔あるいは空気分離装置の
小形化を行なうことが可能となる。The air separation apparatus rectifies and separates raw air from a high-pressure column and a low-pressure column using a double rectification column and an argon column, utilizing the boiling points of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon.
Conventionally, trays were used for rectification towers, but pressure loss in rectification towers can be reduced by replacing them with structured packing (ordered packing) that has a small pressure loss per theoretical plate. Is known. However, due to the limitation of the continuous filling height of the packing, it is necessary to install a collector and a liquid distribution device in places, and the height of the rectification column itself is unnecessarily increased. By providing the liquid distribution device of the present invention in a rectification tower of an air separation device, it is possible to downsize the rectification tower or the air separation device.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】図１に本発明の一実施例を示す。図１は本発
明の液体分配装置の構成を示している。本液体分配装置
１１は気液接触用すなわち、蒸留，吸収等を行う充填塔
内に設けられ、一般的には上下に充填物が設置されてい
る状態で用いられる。液受板３（片側しか示していな
い）は上部の充填物から下降してくる液体１を捕集し、
液受皿６に液体１を導く役目を果たす。円形の液受皿６
には例えば略三日月状の２つの堰板４が設けられてお
り、液受皿６は充填塔の内壁に溶接等により固定されて
いる。液受皿６に導かれた液体１はある液ヘッドを保ち
ながら、堰板４に沿って流れ、液受皿６の中央に設けら
れた緩衝板から成る矩形の緩衝箱５を介して長方形の第
１の液分配箱７に流入する。同様に他の液組成の液体
１′も液体供給管１３を介して導入され、堰板４に沿っ
て流れ、緩衝箱５を介して第１の液分配箱７に流入す
る。緩衝箱５は多孔板あるいは金網等から構成され、流
入する液体の乱れを整流し、第１の液分配箱７に流入す
る液流量を一定に保つための一種の抵抗体である。緩衝
箱５から流入して来た液体１及び液体１′は第１の液分
配箱７である液ヘッドを維持しながら、底部に設けられ
た複数の孔８から充填塔の塔断面に対して所定の間隔を
保って設けられた複数の第２の液分配箱９に分流され
る。第２の液分配箱９には分配箱の下方に設けられた多
数の孔１０が存在し、適当な液ヘッドを有しながら、均
一な液分散を行うことができる構造となっている。一
方、下方の充填物から上昇して来た気体２は第２の液分
配箱９の間隙を通って、堰板４の空間を通って、上昇す
る。本実施例では液受板３では便宜上片側しか示してい
ないが、実際の装置では２つの液受板は必要である。す
なわち、気体２は堰板４と液受板３の間の空間１２を介
して上昇する。図２には液体分配装置の実施例の便宜的
な断面を示す。液体分配装置１１は充填物２０と充填物
２０の間に設けられており、液受皿６は充填塔２１の塔
壁に溶接等により固定されている。また、液受板３は上
部の充填物２０からの液が直接下部の充填物にショート
パスしないように堰板４に空間１２を設けて固定されて
いる。従って、液受板３の投影面積は堰板４の開口面積
より若干大きくすることが必要である。また、液体供給
配管１３から他の液組成の液体１′が供給される構造と
なっている。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the liquid distribution device of the present invention. The liquid distribution device 11 is provided in a packed tower for gas-liquid contact, that is, for performing distillation, absorption, and the like, and is generally used in a state where packing materials are installed vertically. The liquid receiving plate 3 (only one side is shown) collects the liquid 1 descending from the upper filling,
It serves to guide the liquid 1 to the liquid tray 6. Circular liquid pan 6
Is provided with, for example, two crescent-shaped weir plates 4, and the liquid receiving tray 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the packed tower by welding or the like. The liquid 1 guided to the liquid receiving pan 6 flows along the weir plate 4 while maintaining a certain liquid head, and passes through a rectangular buffer box 5 formed of a buffer plate provided at the center of the liquid receiving pan 6 to form a first rectangular liquid. Into the liquid distribution box 7. Similarly, a liquid 1 ′ having another liquid composition is introduced through the liquid supply pipe 13, flows along the dam plate 4, and flows into the first liquid distribution box 7 through the buffer box 5. The buffer box 5 is composed of a perforated plate or a wire mesh, and is a kind of resistor for rectifying the turbulence of the liquid flowing therein and keeping the flow rate of the liquid flowing into the first liquid distribution box 7 constant. The liquid 1 and the liquid 1 ′ flowing from the buffer box 5 maintain the liquid head, which is the first liquid distribution box 7, and pass through a plurality of holes 8 provided at the bottom to the column cross section of the packed tower. The liquid is divided into a plurality of second liquid distribution boxes 9 provided at predetermined intervals. The second liquid distribution box 9 has a number of holes 10 provided below the distribution box, and has a structure capable of performing uniform liquid dispersion while having an appropriate liquid head. On the other hand, the gas 2 rising from the lower packing passes through the gap of the second liquid distribution box 9, passes through the space of the weir plate 4, and rises. In this embodiment, only one side is shown for convenience in the liquid receiving plate 3, but two liquid receiving plates are necessary in an actual apparatus. That is, the gas 2 rises through the space 12 between the weir plate 4 and the liquid receiving plate 3. FIG. 2 shows a convenient cross section of an embodiment of the liquid distribution device. The liquid distribution device 11 is provided between the packings 20, and the liquid receiving tray 6 is fixed to a wall of the packing tower 21 by welding or the like. The liquid receiving plate 3 is provided with a space 12 in the dam plate 4 so as to prevent the liquid from the upper filler 20 from directly passing through the lower filler. Therefore, the projected area of the liquid receiving plate 3 needs to be slightly larger than the opening area of the dam plate 4. Further, the liquid supply pipe 13 supplies the liquid 1 ′ having another liquid composition.
【００１１】従って、本実施例によれば、流下して来た
液体１は一旦液受板に捕集され、次に円形の液受皿３に
流下する。次に液体１は比較的長い距離の堰板４の外周
を旋回しながら穏やかな液勾配を形成した後に、液受皿
の中央に設けた開口部に流入する。同様に、液体１′も
比較的長い距離の堰板４の外周を旋回しながら穏やかな
液勾配を形成した後に、液受皿の開口部に流入する。こ
の開口部に多孔板、あるいは金網等からなる緩衝箱５を
設けると、オリフィス効果により均一な流速で第１の液
分配箱７に流入する。緩衝箱５から流入した液体１及び
液体１′は緩衝板３０で液の乱れを整流され第１の液分
配箱７で適当な液ヘッドを保持する。さらに液体１及び
液体１′は第１の液分配箱７の下端に適当に設けられた
孔から均一に、複数の第２の液分配箱９に緩衝板３１を
介して流入し適当な液ヘッドを保持しながら、底部に設
けた複数の孔から充填物２０に均一な液流量で流下す
る。なお、緩衝板は緩衝箱と同様に適当な多孔板あるい
は金網より容易に製作される。一方、本発明の液体分配
装置１１は液受板３，液受皿６，第１の液分配箱７及び
第２の液分配箱９及び液体供給配管１３が一体となって
いるので、液体分配装置の高さを低くすることができ
る。工業的な規模の本発明の液体分配装置の高さは約１
ｍである。従って、本実施例の液体分配装置では従来例
の装置の欠点を回避でき、液体の分散性を向上させると
ともに、小形な液体分配装置を提供できる効果がある。
その結果、充填物を内蔵した充填塔の小形化が達成でき
る効果がある。Therefore, according to this embodiment, the liquid 1 that has flowed down is once collected by the liquid receiving plate, and then flows down to the circular liquid receiving tray 3. Next, the liquid 1 forms a gentle liquid gradient while rotating around the outer periphery of the weir plate 4 for a relatively long distance, and then flows into an opening provided at the center of the liquid receiving tray. Similarly, the liquid 1 'forms a gentle liquid gradient while rotating around the outer periphery of the weir plate 4 for a relatively long distance, and then flows into the opening of the liquid receiving tray. If a buffer box 5 made of a perforated plate or a wire mesh is provided in the opening, the orifice effect flows into the first liquid distribution box 7 at a uniform flow rate. The liquid 1 and the liquid 1 ′ flowing from the buffer box 5 are rectified by the buffer plate 30, and the first liquid distribution box 7 holds an appropriate liquid head. Further, the liquid 1 and the liquid 1 'uniformly flow into the plurality of second liquid distribution boxes 9 via the buffer plate 31 from holes appropriately provided at the lower end of the first liquid distribution box 7, and flow into appropriate liquid heads. , And flows down at a uniform liquid flow rate from the plurality of holes provided at the bottom to the filler 20. Note that the buffer plate is easily manufactured from a suitable perforated plate or a wire mesh similarly to the buffer box. On the other hand, in the liquid distribution device 11 of the present invention, since the liquid receiving plate 3, the liquid receiving plate 6, the first liquid distribution box 7, the second liquid distribution box 9, and the liquid supply pipe 13 are integrated, Height can be reduced. The height of the liquid dispenser of the invention on an industrial scale is about 1
m. Therefore, the liquid distribution device of the present embodiment can avoid the drawbacks of the conventional device, improve the dispersibility of the liquid, and provide a small liquid distribution device.
As a result, there is an effect that downsizing of the packed tower containing the packing can be achieved.
【００１２】本発明の空気分離装置への実施例を図３に
示す。空気分離装置の典型的なシステムとして低圧塔，
高圧塔及び粗アルゴン塔の三塔蒸留システムを例にと
る。圧縮，浄化及び冷却された原料空気４３は複式精留
塔の下部に位置した高圧塔２２の底部に導入される。高
圧塔２２内を上昇したガスは熱交換器２３において凝縮
され、塔内の還流液となる。最上部より液体窒素４６，
中間段より不純液体窒素４５，底部より酸素に富んだ液
体空気４４が別途設けられた過冷却器を経て上部の低圧
塔２４に送られる。液体空気の一部は４７より途中分岐
され、５０を通して粗アルゴン塔の凝縮器２６に送られ
る。複式精留塔の上部に設置された低圧塔２４の還流液
として液体窒素４９，不純液体窒素４８及び液体空気５
１が高圧塔２２より別途設けられた過冷却器を経て導入
される。原料空気の一部を挿出してタービンに送られた
空気は冷却された５２を通して、粗アルゴン塔の凝縮器
２６において蒸発した空気５６と共に低圧塔２４に導入
される。低圧塔２４内を降下していった液は熱交換器２
３において高圧塔の窒素と熱交換して蒸発し、塔内の上
昇ガスとなる。低圧塔２４の底部液溜めの上部より製品
酸素ガス５９，頂部より製品窒素ガス５７，途中の段よ
り不純窒素ガス５８が低圧塔２４において精留分離さ
れ、外部に排出される。また、低圧塔２４の中間段より
アルゴンをわずかに含んだ酸素ガスが挿出され、５４を
通して粗アルゴン塔２５の底部に送られる。粗アルゴン
塔２５を上昇したガスは凝縮器２６において液体空気と
熱交換して凝縮し、塔内の還流液となる。上昇ガスの一
部は粗アルゴンガスとして６１を通してアルゴン精製工
程へ送られる。粗アルゴン塔２５内を降下していった液
は底部より５５を介して低圧塔２４に戻される。こうし
た塔槽類及び連絡配管は、保冷槽６２内にパーライトと
よばれる保冷材を充填し設置される。精留要素としての
気液接触用の規則充填物の適用は高圧塔２２，低圧塔２
４及び粗アルゴン塔２５の何れにおいても可能である
が、本実施例では各々の塔に規則充填物２０が内蔵され
ている。また、本発明の液体分配装置１１は液が流入す
るあるいは合流する各々の塔に内蔵されており、特に上
塔２４においてはプロセス上から、精留領域が５個に分
割されているために５個の液体分配装置１１が設けられ
ている。なお、上塔２４の最上部の液体分配装置１１と
粗アルゴン塔の液体分配装置１１は液供給配管は不必要
である。本発明の液体分配装置の高さは従来例の約半分
（約１ｍ）であるから、上塔の高さを約５ｍ低く押さえ
ることができる。工業的規模の空気分離装置の上塔の高
さは３０ｍ〜４０ｍ程度であるから、精留塔の高さの低
減に大きな効果がある。さらに、粗アルゴン塔２５の場
合、精留に必要な理論段数は４０から最大２００段に達
する。空気分離装置においては、気液接触用規則充填物
のＨＥＴＰ、すなわち理論段当りの高さは公知のもので
２００ミリメートル前後である。理論段を２００段設け
る場合、充填物の高さは４０メートルに達するため、従
来のコレクタと液分配装置の代りに本発明による液分配
装置を適用することは、精留塔の高さ縮減に大きな効果
がある。さらに、配管材の物量縮減及び保冷槽の高さ縮
小により、空気分離装置全体の小形化に大きな効果があ
る。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of an air separation apparatus according to the present invention. Low pressure columns are typical systems for air separation equipment,
Take a three column distillation system of high pressure column and crude argon column as an example. The compressed, purified and cooled raw material air 43 is introduced into the bottom of the high-pressure column 22 located below the double rectification column. The gas that has risen in the high-pressure column 22 is condensed in the heat exchanger 23 and becomes a reflux liquid in the column. Liquid nitrogen 46,
Impure liquid nitrogen 45 from the intermediate stage and liquid air 44 rich in oxygen from the bottom are sent to the upper low-pressure column 24 via a separately provided subcooler. A part of the liquid air is branched on the way from 47 and sent to the condenser 26 of the crude argon column through 50. Liquid nitrogen 49, impure liquid nitrogen 48 and liquid air 5 are used as the reflux liquid of the low-pressure column 24 installed above the double rectification column.
1 is introduced from the high pressure column 22 through a separately provided subcooler. A part of the raw air is introduced and sent to the turbine through the cooled 52 and is introduced into the low-pressure column 24 together with the air 56 evaporated in the condenser 26 of the crude argon column. The liquid that has descended in the low-pressure column 24 is transferred to the heat exchanger 2
In 3, the gas exchanges with the nitrogen in the high-pressure column and evaporates to become a rising gas in the column. Product oxygen gas 59 from the upper part of the liquid reservoir at the bottom of the low-pressure column 24, product nitrogen gas 57 from the top, and impure nitrogen gas 58 from the middle stage are rectified and separated in the low-pressure column 24 and discharged to the outside. Oxygen gas containing a small amount of argon is inserted from the intermediate stage of the low-pressure column 24 and sent to the bottom of the crude argon column 25 through 54. The gas that has risen in the crude argon column 25 exchanges heat with liquid air in the condenser 26 and condenses to become a reflux liquid in the column. Part of the rising gas is sent as crude argon gas through 61 to the argon purification step. The liquid that has descended in the crude argon column 25 is returned to the low-pressure column 24 from the bottom through 55. The tower tanks and the communication pipes are installed by filling a cooling material called perlite in a cooling tank 62. Application of the structured packing for gas-liquid contact as a rectification element is performed in the high pressure column 22, the low pressure column 2
4 and the crude argon column 25 are possible, but in this embodiment, the structured packing 20 is incorporated in each column. Further, the liquid distribution device 11 of the present invention is incorporated in each of the towers into which the liquid flows or merges. In particular, in the upper tower 24, since the rectification region is divided into five from the viewpoint of the process, 5 Liquid distribution devices 11 are provided. In addition, the liquid distribution device 11 at the uppermost part of the upper tower 24 and the liquid distribution device 11 of the coarse argon column do not require a liquid supply pipe. Since the height of the liquid distribution apparatus of the present invention is about half (about 1 m) of the conventional example, the height of the upper tower can be held down by about 5 m. Since the height of the upper tower of the industrial-scale air separation device is about 30 m to 40 m, there is a great effect in reducing the height of the rectification tower. Furthermore, in the case of the crude argon column 25, the number of theoretical plates required for rectification ranges from 40 to a maximum of 200. In the air separation apparatus, the HETP of the structured packing for gas-liquid contact, that is, the height per theoretical plate is a known one, and is about 200 mm. In the case where 200 theoretical plates are provided, the height of the packing reaches 40 meters. Therefore, applying the liquid distributor according to the present invention instead of the conventional collector and liquid distributor may reduce the height of the rectification column. It has a great effect. Further, a reduction in the amount of piping material and a reduction in the height of the cold storage tank have a great effect on miniaturization of the entire air separation device.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、従来の装置の欠点を回
避でき、液体の分散性を向上させるとともに、小形な液
体分配装置を提供できる効果がある。その結果、充填物
を内蔵した充填塔の小形を達成できる効果がある。さら
に、本実施例の充填塔を空気分離装置に具備すること
で、装置の小形化及び低コスト化に寄与できる効果があ
る。According to the present invention, the drawbacks of the conventional apparatus can be avoided, the dispersibility of the liquid can be improved, and a small liquid distribution apparatus can be provided. As a result, there is an effect that a compact packed tower having a built-in packing can be achieved. Furthermore, providing the packed tower of this embodiment in an air separation device has the effect of contributing to downsizing and cost reduction of the device.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す液体分配装置の構造図
である。FIG. 1 is a structural view of a liquid distribution device showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例を示す液体分配装置の便宜的
な断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid distribution apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention for convenience.
【図３】本発明の液体分配装置を空気分離装置に用いた
一実施例を示すブロック図である。FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment in which the liquid distribution device of the present invention is used in an air separation device.
１，１′…液体、２…気体、３…液受板、４…堰板、５
…緩衝箱、６…液受皿、７…第１の液分配箱、８，１０
…孔、９…第２の液分配箱、１１…液体分配装置、１３
…液体供給配管、２０…充填物、２２…下塔、２４…上
塔、２５…粗アルゴン塔、３０，３１…緩衝板。1, 1 'liquid, 2 gas, 3 liquid receiving plate, 4 dam plate, 5
... buffer box, 6 ... liquid receiving tray, 7 ... first liquid distribution box, 8, 10
... holes, 9 ... second liquid distribution box, 11 ... liquid distribution device, 13
... liquid supply pipe, 20 ... packing, 22 ... lower tower, 24 ... upper tower, 25 ... crude argon tower, 30, 31 ... buffer plate.
Claims (1)
上方から流下する液体を集めて下方の充填物に液体を分
配するとともに、下方からの気体を上方に通過させる液
体分配器とからなり、上記液体分配器は、前記液体を受
け止める液受板と、少なくとも１つの開口を設けた堰板
を有する液受皿と、前記液受皿の少なくとも１つの開口
部から流下する液体を捕集し、液体を分配する底部に孔
を有する第１の液分配箱と、前記第１の液分配箱の下方
に設けられた多数の孔を底部に有する複数個の第２の液
分配箱からなることを特徴とする充填塔を具備した空気
分離装置。Claims: 1. A filler, provided above the filler,
A liquid distributor that collects the liquid flowing down from above and distributes the liquid to the filling below, and comprises a liquid distributor that allows gas from below to pass upward, the liquid distributor including a liquid receiving plate that receives the liquid, A liquid receiving tray having a dam plate provided with at least one opening, a first liquid distribution box having a hole at a bottom portion for collecting liquid flowing down from at least one opening of the liquid receiving tray and distributing the liquid; An air separation device equipped with a packed tower, comprising a plurality of second liquid distribution boxes having a plurality of holes at the bottom provided below the first liquid distribution box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001330120A JP2002181445A (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2001-10-29 | Air separator having packed tower |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001330120A JP2002181445A (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2001-10-29 | Air separator having packed tower |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24125395A Division JP3261940B2 (en) | 1995-09-20 | 1995-09-20 | Liquid distribution device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002181445A true JP2002181445A (en) | 2002-06-26 |
Family
ID=19145899
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001330120A Pending JP2002181445A (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2001-10-29 | Air separator having packed tower |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002181445A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009068831A (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-04-02 | Air Products & Chemicals Inc | Liquid collector and redistributor for packed column |
| CN110986483A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 陈翠平 | Mechanical air separation and purification equipment |
-
2001
- 2001-10-29 JP JP2001330120A patent/JP2002181445A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009068831A (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-04-02 | Air Products & Chemicals Inc | Liquid collector and redistributor for packed column |
| JP4638531B2 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2011-02-23 | エア プロダクツ アンド ケミカルズ インコーポレイテッド | Liquid collector and redistributor for packed towers |
| US8408026B2 (en) | 2007-08-21 | 2013-04-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Liquid collector and redistributor for packed columns |
| CN110986483A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 陈翠平 | Mechanical air separation and purification equipment |
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