JP2002155330A - Aluminum alloy for sliding member - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy for sliding memberInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002155330A JP2002155330A JP2000354416A JP2000354416A JP2002155330A JP 2002155330 A JP2002155330 A JP 2002155330A JP 2000354416 A JP2000354416 A JP 2000354416A JP 2000354416 A JP2000354416 A JP 2000354416A JP 2002155330 A JP2002155330 A JP 2002155330A
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- aluminum alloy
- graphite
- sliding member
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、過酷な摺動条件下
で使用される軸受などの部品や部材を作製するための合
金として好適な摺動部材用アルミニウム合金に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for a sliding member suitable as an alloy for producing parts and members such as bearings used under severe sliding conditions.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から、各種の機器や装置には軸受な
どの摺動部材（部品）が使用されることが多い。例えば
ＯＡ機器のプリンタでは、高速プリンタ用ブッシュなど
が使用されている。このように家電やＯＡ機器などで使
用される摺動部材を作製する場合、一般に、樹脂系複合
材料が使用される。また、自動車や二輪車では、エンジ
ンや足回り部品の一つとして軸受が使用されている。軸
受などの摺動部材を作製する場合、樹脂系複合材料の
他、給油式の砲金（Ｇｕｎ ｍｅｔａｌ）や鋼製軸受な
どが材料として使われる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, sliding members (parts) such as bearings are often used in various devices and apparatuses. For example, in a printer of OA equipment, a bush for a high-speed printer or the like is used. When a sliding member used in a home appliance, an OA device, or the like is manufactured as described above, a resin-based composite material is generally used. In automobiles and motorcycles, bearings are used as one of engines and underbody parts. When a sliding member such as a bearing is manufactured, in addition to a resin-based composite material, a lubricated gunmetal or a steel bearing is used as a material.
【０００３】上記したＯＡ機器などではその性能が年々
向上しており、この向上に伴って摺動部材に高負荷が作
用することがある。従って、今まで以上に耐熱性や耐摩
耗性の優れた材料が望まれている。しかし、樹脂系複合
材料は、一般に、鋼と比べて耐熱性や耐摩耗性に劣る。[0003] The performance of the OA equipment described above has been improving year by year, and with this improvement, a high load may be applied to the sliding member. Therefore, a material having better heat resistance and wear resistance than ever has been desired. However, resin-based composite materials are generally inferior in heat resistance and wear resistance as compared with steel.
【０００４】また、自動車などでは、その軽量化のため
に軸受などの軽量化を図っている。しかし、砲金や鋼製
軸受などは、一般に、樹脂系複合材料に比べて重い。In automobiles and the like, the weight of bearings and the like is reduced in order to reduce the weight. However, gunmetal and steel bearings are generally heavier than resin-based composite materials.
【０００５】ところで、省資源や環境改善のためにリサ
イクルできる部品や部材が多く使用されるようになって
いる。また、各種の機器や装置として、環境を汚染しな
いものが望まれている。このような観点から上記の材料
をみた場合、樹脂系複合材料は複合材料であるので分別
しにくく、リサイクル性が低い。一方、給油式の砲金や
鋼製軸受などから作製した摺動部材では、これらの摺動
面に外部から潤滑油が供給されるので環境汚染の点で問
題がある。[0005] Incidentally, many recyclable parts and members are used for saving resources and improving the environment. Further, there is a demand for various devices and devices that do not pollute the environment. In view of the above-mentioned materials from such a viewpoint, the resin-based composite material is a composite material, so it is difficult to separate the resin-based composite material, and the recyclability is low. On the other hand, a sliding member made of an oiling type gunmetal, a steel bearing, or the like has a problem in terms of environmental pollution since lubricating oil is supplied to these sliding surfaces from the outside.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、上記事情に
鑑み、耐熱性や耐摩耗性に優れると共にリサイクル性も
高く、しかも軽量化も図れる摺動部材用アルミニウム合
金を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for a sliding member which is excellent in heat resistance and abrasion resistance, has high recyclability, and can be reduced in weight. I do.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
の本発明（請求項１に記載）の摺動部材用アルミニウム
合金は、（１−１）１０重量％以上４５重量％以下のＳ
ｉと、（１−２）０．０５重量％以上１０重量％以下の
Ｃｕと、（１−３）０．０１重量％以上０．５重量％以
下のＰと、（１−４）５重量％以上３０重量％以下の黒
鉛と、（１−５）Ａｌ及び不可避的不純物のみを含む残
部とからなる組成を有することを特徴とするものであ
る。In order to achieve the above object, an aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention (described in claim 1) comprises (1-1) 10% by weight or more and 45% by weight or less of S alloy.
i, (1-2) 0.05 to 10% by weight of Cu, (1-3) 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of P, and (1-4) 5% by weight % Of graphite and 30% by weight or less and (1-5) Al and the balance containing only unavoidable impurities.
【０００８】ここで、上記の摺動部材用アルミニウム合
金は、（２）０．５重量％以上５重量％以下のＭｇを含
有してもよい。Here, the above-mentioned aluminum alloy for a sliding member may contain (2) Mg of 0.5% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less.
【０００９】また、上記の摺動部材用アルミニウム合金
は、（３）０．１重量％以上２重量％以下のＦｅを含有
してもよい。The above-mentioned aluminum alloy for a sliding member may contain (3) Fe of 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less.
【００１０】さらに、上記の摺動部材用アルミニウム合
金は、（４）０．５重量％以上５重量％以下のＭｇ、及
び０．１重量％以上２重量％以下のＦｅを含有してもよ
い。Further, the above-mentioned aluminum alloy for a sliding member may contain (4) 0.5% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less of Mg and 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less of Fe. .
【００１１】さらにまた、（５）上記Ｓｉは、２０重量
％以上４０重量％以下の範囲内のものであってもよい。(5) The Si may be in a range of 20% by weight or more and 40% by weight or less.
【００１２】さらにまた、（６）上記Ｃｕは、１重量％
以上６重量％以下の範囲内のものであってもよい。さら
にまた、（７）上記Ｍｇは、１重量％以上３重量％以下
の範囲内のものであってもよい。さらにまた、（８）上
記Ｆｅは、０．５重量％以上１重量％以下の範囲内のも
のであってもよい。(6) The above-mentioned Cu is 1% by weight.
It may be in the range of 6% by weight or less. (7) The Mg may be in the range of 1% by weight or more and 3% by weight or less. (8) The Fe may be in a range of 0.5% by weight or more and 1% by weight or less.
【００１３】さらにまた、（９）上記Ｐは、０．０５重
量％以上０．３重量％以下の範囲内のものであってもよ
い。(9) The P may be in the range of 0.05% by weight or more and 0.3% by weight or less.
【００１４】さらにまた、（１０）上記黒鉛は、５重量
％以上２０重量％以下の範囲内のものであってもよい。(10) The graphite may be in a range of 5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less.
【００１５】上記した発明を創作するに当たり、本発明
者らは、アルミニウムが優れた熱伝導性やリサイクル性
を有し、鋼に比べて比重の小さいことに着目した。しか
し、アルミニウムは軟らかくて凝着性をもつので、摺動
材料としての大きな欠点がアルミニウムには存在してい
ることとなる。In creating the above-described invention, the present inventors have noticed that aluminum has excellent thermal conductivity and recyclability, and has a lower specific gravity than steel. However, since aluminum is soft and has adhesive properties, aluminum has a major drawback as a sliding material.
【００１６】本発明者らは、この欠点を解消するための
第１の対策として、アルミニウムの結晶粒を微細化して
そのマトリックス（地）の強度を高めると共にマトリッ
クスに硬質化合物を分散して析出させて耐摩耗性を向上
させることにより耐凝着性を改善した。アルミニウムの
結晶粒を微細化するために、アルミニウムに所定量のＣ
ｕやＰなどを添加してアルミニウム合金にした。この添
加により、強度の高いマトリックスをもつアルミニウム
合金が得られた。As a first measure for solving this drawback, the present inventors have refined aluminum crystal grains to increase the strength of the matrix (ground), and dispersed and precipitated hard compounds in the matrix. The anti-adhesion property was improved by improving the abrasion resistance. In order to refine aluminum crystal grains, a certain amount of C
An aluminum alloy was obtained by adding u, P and the like. By this addition, an aluminum alloy having a high strength matrix was obtained.
【００１７】また、上記の欠点を解消するための第２の
対策として、アルミニウムに多量のＳｉを添加した。こ
の添加により、初晶Ｓｉがマトリックスに分散して析出
し、耐摩耗性が向上して耐凝着性を大きく改善できた。
この析出とこれによる耐摩耗性の向上を、図１を参照し
て説明する。As a second measure for solving the above-mentioned disadvantage, a large amount of Si was added to aluminum. By this addition, primary crystal Si was dispersed and precipitated in the matrix, the wear resistance was improved, and the adhesion resistance was greatly improved.
This precipitation and the resulting improvement in wear resistance will be described with reference to FIG.
【００１８】図１は、本発明の摺動部材用アルミニウム
合金の一例を模式的に示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing one example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member of the present invention.
【００１９】所定範囲内の重量％のＳｉが添加されたア
ルミニウム合金１０では、初晶Ｓｉ１２がマトリックス
１４から高さｈ（約０．１μｍ〜０．２μｍ）だけ突出
した状態で分散して析出し、多数の凸部が形成されてい
る。このため、隣り合う初晶Ｓｉ１２の間には、凹部１
６が形成されることとなる。この凹部１６には、潤滑
油、潤滑油脂、固体潤滑剤などを貯めておくことができ
る。また、アルミニウム合金１０には、後述するように
黒鉛１９も分散している。In the aluminum alloy 10 to which Si in a predetermined range is added by weight%, the primary crystal Si 12 is dispersed and precipitated while projecting from the matrix 14 by the height h (about 0.1 μm to 0.2 μm). , A large number of convex portions are formed. For this reason, the recess 1
6 will be formed. The recess 16 can store lubricating oil, lubricating oil and fat, solid lubricant, and the like. Further, graphite 19 is dispersed in the aluminum alloy 10 as described later.
【００２０】アルミニウム合金１０で例えば軸受を作製
した場合、分散している初晶Ｓｉ１２（凸部）が相手材
からの荷重を受ける。また、凹部１６に貯まった潤滑油
１８等は、相手材が摺動する際にこの相手材と初晶Ｓｉ
１２との間で被膜を形成する。従って、相手材からの荷
重を初晶Ｓｉ１２（凸部）が受けると共に荷重を受けて
いる凸部の上面に途切れなく潤滑油１８等が供給される
こととなる。さらに、後述するように、黒鉛１９がアル
ミニウム合金１０の自己潤滑性を向上させる。また、黒
鉛１９は潤滑油１８との親和性に優れるので、境界潤滑
領域において摩擦特性の向上に寄与する。この結果、ア
ルミニウム合金１０で作製した軸受などでは、その耐摩
耗性と潤滑性が非常に向上し、耐凝着性も大きく改善さ
れる。When, for example, a bearing is made of the aluminum alloy 10, the dispersed primary crystal Si12 (convex portion) receives a load from the partner material. Further, the lubricating oil 18 and the like stored in the concave portion 16 may be mixed with the mating material when the mating material slides.
12 and a film is formed. Accordingly, the primary crystal Si12 (convex portion) receives the load from the counterpart material, and the lubricating oil 18 and the like are supplied to the upper surface of the loaded convex portion without interruption. Further, as described later, the graphite 19 improves the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy 10. Further, the graphite 19 has an excellent affinity for the lubricating oil 18 and thus contributes to the improvement of the friction characteristics in the boundary lubrication region. As a result, in a bearing or the like made of the aluminum alloy 10, the wear resistance and lubricity thereof are greatly improved, and the adhesion resistance is also greatly improved.
【００２１】なお、アルミニウムにＳｉを添加した合金
としては、Ｓｉを１６重量％〜１８重量％添加したＡＤ
Ｃ１４（ＪＩＳ）が知られている。しかし、本発明で
は、さらに多量のＳｉを添加することが多い。As an alloy obtained by adding Si to aluminum, AD containing 16 to 18% by weight of Si is used.
C14 (JIS) is known. However, in the present invention, a larger amount of Si is often added.
【００２２】さらに、上記の欠点を解消するための第３
の対策として、アルミニウム合金に黒鉛を分散してその
摺動特性を向上させた。ところで、溶融状態のアルミニ
ウム合金（溶湯）に黒鉛を添加した場合、両者の比重差
に起因して黒鉛が溶湯から容易に分離するので、両者を
均一に混合しにくい。従って、溶湯と黒鉛を均一に混合
して黒鉛を分散させるためには、一般に、黒鉛にＣｕめ
っきやＮｉめっきを施して溶湯との濡れ性を良好にして
おき、溶湯と黒鉛を機械的に撹拌しながらこれらを金型
に鋳湯し、これらが凝固するまで静的圧力を加えるスク
ウィズ・キャスティング法が採用されている。Further, a third method for solving the above-mentioned disadvantages is described.
As a countermeasure, graphite was dispersed in an aluminum alloy to improve its sliding characteristics. By the way, when graphite is added to a molten aluminum alloy (molten metal), the graphite is easily separated from the molten metal due to a difference in specific gravity between the two, so that it is difficult to uniformly mix the two. Therefore, in order to uniformly mix the molten metal and the graphite to disperse the graphite, generally, the graphite is subjected to Cu plating or Ni plating to improve the wettability with the molten metal, and the molten metal and the graphite are mechanically stirred. Meanwhile, a squeeze casting method is employed in which these are cast into a mold and static pressure is applied until they solidify.
【００２３】しかし、このスクウィズ・キャスティング
法では、加圧力が大きく、製品形状も限定され、生産性
も良いとはいえない。また、アルミニウム合金が固液共
存状態（半溶融状態）のときにこのアルミニウム合金を
機械的に撹拌しながら黒鉛を混合して分散する方法が提
案されている。しかし、この方法でも、生産性が良くな
い。However, in the squeeze casting method, the pressing force is large, the product shape is limited, and the productivity is not good. In addition, a method has been proposed in which graphite is mixed and dispersed while mechanically stirring the aluminum alloy when the aluminum alloy is in a solid-liquid coexistence state (semi-molten state). However, even with this method, productivity is not good.
【００２４】そこで、本発明者は、ダイカスト鋳造法に
よれば寸法精度の高い製品が生産できると共に生産性も
高い点に着目し、プランジャによる溶湯搬送の条件とダ
イス型の設計を工夫した。さらに、これらの条件や工夫
に適合する黒鉛の粒子径を実験的に決定し、これによ
り、アルミニウム合金に黒鉛を一様に分散させることが
でき、その摺動特性を向上させた。Therefore, the present inventor paid attention to the point that the product having high dimensional accuracy can be produced and the productivity is high by the die casting method, and devised the condition of the molten metal transport by the plunger and the design of the die type. Further, the particle size of graphite that meets these conditions and devices was experimentally determined, whereby graphite could be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum alloy, and its sliding characteristics were improved.
【００２５】ここで、本発明の摺動部材用アルミニウム
合金が含有する成分元素について説明する。 （１）Ｓｉについて 溶融しているアルミニウム合金を冷却していくと、Ａｌ
に固溶できないＳｉが初晶Ｓｉとなって析出する。この
初晶Ｓｉは、小さな多角形状結晶として析出する。この
場合、溶融しているアルミニウム合金をダイカスト鋳造
法によって急冷凝固させたときは、初晶Ｓｉは微細結晶
として分散して析出する。また、溶融しているアルミニ
ウム合金に微量のＰが含まれているときも、初晶Ｓｉは
微細結晶として分散して析出する。さらに、冷却してい
くとＳｉの一部とＡｌが結合してＳｉX ＡｌY 系硬質化
合物を形成し、この化合物が分散して細い棒状に析出す
る。このため、上述した理由によりアルミニウム合金の
耐摩耗性と耐凝着性が向上する。また、添加されたＳｉ
の一部はＡｌに固溶してこのマトリックスの強度や硬さ
が高まる。Here, the component elements contained in the aluminum alloy for a sliding member of the present invention will be described. (1) About Si As the molten aluminum alloy is cooled, Al
Si that cannot form a solid solution is precipitated as primary crystal Si. This primary crystal Si precipitates as small polygonal crystals. In this case, when the molten aluminum alloy is rapidly solidified by die casting, the primary crystal Si is dispersed and precipitated as fine crystals. Also, when a small amount of P is contained in the molten aluminum alloy, primary Si is dispersed and precipitated as fine crystals. Further, as the cooling proceeds, a part of Si is combined with Al to form a Si x Al Y- based hard compound, which is dispersed and deposited in a thin rod shape. For this reason, the wear resistance and adhesion resistance of the aluminum alloy are improved for the reasons described above. Also, the added Si
Is dissolved in Al to increase the strength and hardness of the matrix.
【００２６】但し、Ｓｉが１０重量％未満のときは、上
記の効果が十分には発揮されない。一方、Ｓｉが４５重
量％を超えたときは、アルミニウム合金の靭性が著しく
低下する。従って、１０重量％以上４５重量％以下のＳ
ｉとした。なお、Ｓｉが２０重量％以上４０重量％以下
の場合、初晶ＳｉやＳｉXAｌ Y系硬質化合物が適量に析
出するので、耐摩耗性と耐凝着性がいっそう向上する。 （２）Ｃｕについて ＣｕはＡｌに固溶してアルミニウム合金の結晶粒を微細
化するので、そのマトリックスが強化される。また、Ｃ
ｕの一部はＡｌやＳｉと化合物を形成して時効硬化する
ので、アルミニウム合金のマトリックスの高温強度と硬
さを向上させる。However, when the content of Si is less than 10% by weight, the above effects cannot be sufficiently exhibited. On the other hand, when Si exceeds 45% by weight, the toughness of the aluminum alloy is significantly reduced. Therefore, 10% by weight or more and 45% by weight or less of S
i. When the content of Si is 20% by weight or more and 40% by weight or less, the primary crystal Si and the Si X Al Y- based hard compound are precipitated in an appropriate amount, so that the wear resistance and the adhesion resistance are further improved. (2) Regarding Cu Since Cu forms a solid solution in Al and refines the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy, its matrix is strengthened. Also, C
A part of u forms a compound with Al or Si and hardens by age, thereby improving the high-temperature strength and hardness of the aluminum alloy matrix.
【００２７】但し、Ｃｕが０．０５重量％未満のとき
は、アルミニウム合金のマトリックスが強化されにく
い。一方、Ｃｕが１０重量％を超えても、Ｃｕの添加に
よる効果は変わらない。従って、０．０５重量％以上１
０重量％以下のＣｕとした。なお、Ｃｕが１重量％以上
６重量％以下の場合は、アルミニウム合金の結晶粒がい
っそう確実に微細化する。 （３）Ｍｇについて ＭｇはＡｌに固溶して固溶体を形成することによりアル
ミニウム合金の靭性を向上させる。また、ＭｇがＳｉと
共存した場合は時効硬化性を発揮するので、アルミニウ
ム合金のマトリックスが硬化し、耐摩耗性がさらに向上
する。但し、Ｍｇが０．５重量％未満のときは、Ａｌ中
のＭｇ2 Ｓｉの溶解度が著しく減少し、時効硬化性が薄
れる。一方、Ｍｇが５重量％を超えたときは、時効硬化
性をほとんど発揮しないので好ましくない。従って、
０．５重量％以上５重量％以下のＭｇとした。なお、Ｍ
ｇが１重量％以上３重量％以下の場合は、適切な量の固
溶体が形成されると共に、時効硬化性もいっそう良好に
発揮される。 （４）Ｆｅについて Ｆｅの一部とＡｌは互いに固溶体を形成して結晶粒を微
細化する。しかし、Ｆｅが多量に含有された場合はアル
ミニウム合金が脆弱化する。However, when Cu is less than 0.05% by weight, the matrix of the aluminum alloy is hardly strengthened. On the other hand, even if Cu exceeds 10% by weight, the effect of the addition of Cu does not change. Therefore, 0.05% by weight or more 1
Cu was 0% by weight or less. When Cu is 1% by weight or more and 6% by weight or less, the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy are more surely refined. (3) Mg Mg improves the toughness of the aluminum alloy by forming a solid solution by dissolving in Al. Further, when Mg coexists with Si, age hardening is exhibited, so that the matrix of the aluminum alloy is hardened, and the wear resistance is further improved. However, when the content of Mg is less than 0.5% by weight, the solubility of Mg 2 Si in Al is remarkably reduced, and the age hardenability is reduced. On the other hand, when Mg exceeds 5% by weight, age hardening is hardly exhibited, which is not preferable. Therefore,
0.5 wt% to 5 wt% of Mg. Note that M
When g is 1% by weight or more and 3% by weight or less, an appropriate amount of a solid solution is formed, and the age hardening property is further exhibited. (4) About Fe A part of Fe and Al form a solid solution with each other to refine crystal grains. However, when a large amount of Fe is contained, the aluminum alloy becomes brittle.
【００２８】また、微量のＦｅは、アルミニウム合金を
金型鋳造やダイカスト鋳造するときに型離れを良好にす
る。但し、Ｆｅが０．１重量％未満のときは型離れを良
好にできない。一方、Ｆｅが２重量％を超えたときは、
アルミニウム合金を脆弱化する。従って、０．１重量％
以上２重量％以下のＦｅとした。なお、Ｆｅが０．５重
量％以上１重量％以下の場合は、結晶粒を微細化する作
用と、型離れを良好にする作用とがいっそう良好に発揮
される。 （５）Ｐについて 溶融状態のアルミニウムにＰを単独で添加しにくいの
で、ＣｕＰ母合金として添加する。Ｐは、アルミニウム
合金の結晶粒を微細化してその強度を向上させる。Further, a small amount of Fe improves the mold release during die casting or die casting of an aluminum alloy. However, when Fe is less than 0.1% by weight, the mold release cannot be improved. On the other hand, when Fe exceeds 2% by weight,
Makes aluminum alloy brittle. Therefore, 0.1% by weight
At least 2% by weight of Fe was used. When Fe is 0.5% by weight or more and 1% by weight or less, the effect of refining crystal grains and the effect of improving mold release are more favorably exhibited. (5) About P Since it is difficult to add P alone to molten aluminum, it is added as a CuP master alloy. P refines the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy to improve its strength.
【００２９】但し、Ｐが０．０１重量％未満のときは、
アルミニウム合金の結晶粒をほとんど微細化できない。
一方、Ｐが０．５重量％を超えたときは、アルミニウム
合金が脆弱化する。従って、０．０１重量％以上０．５
重量％以下のＰとした。なお、Ｐが０．０５重量％以上
０．３重量％以下の場合は、上記の効果がいっそう良好
に発揮される。また、Ｐと同時に添加されたＣｕは、上
記と同じ作用を奏する。 （６）黒鉛について 黒鉛はアルミニウム合金に分散して、このアルミニウム
合金の自己潤滑性を向上させる。また、黒鉛は潤滑油と
の親和性に優れるので、境界潤滑領域において摩擦特性
の向上に寄与する。However, when P is less than 0.01% by weight,
Almost no crystal grains of aluminum alloy can be refined.
On the other hand, when P exceeds 0.5% by weight, the aluminum alloy becomes brittle. Therefore, 0.01% by weight or more and 0.5% or more
The content of P was not more than% by weight. In addition, when P is 0.05% by weight or more and 0.3% by weight or less, the above-described effect is more favorably exhibited. Further, Cu added simultaneously with P has the same effect as above. (6) About graphite Graphite is dispersed in an aluminum alloy to improve the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy. Further, graphite has an excellent affinity for lubricating oil, and thus contributes to improvement of friction characteristics in a boundary lubrication region.
【００３０】ところで、黒鉛を添加するに当たっては、
アルミニウム合金の溶湯に黒鉛を配合するので、その粒
度が特に重要となる。本発明では、２０メッシュを通過
し１４５メッシュを通過しない粒度をもつ黒鉛を使用し
た。この結果、アルミニウム合金のマトリックス中に黒
鉛が一様に分散し、このアルミニウム合金の自己潤滑性
の向上に寄与することを本発明者が確認した。By the way, when adding graphite,
Since graphite is blended in the molten aluminum alloy, its particle size is particularly important. In the present invention, graphite having a particle size passing through 20 mesh but not passing through 145 mesh was used. As a result, the present inventors have confirmed that graphite is uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the aluminum alloy and contributes to the improvement of the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy.
【００３１】但し、黒鉛が５重量％未満のときは、アル
ミニウム合金の自己潤滑性に寄与し難い。一方、黒鉛が
３０重量％を超えたときは、アルミニウム合金の強度を
低下させ、摩耗特性を低下させる。従って、黒鉛の含有
量を５重量％以上３０重量％以下とした。なお、黒鉛が
５重量％以上２０重量％以下の場合は、アルミニウム合
金の強度をほとんど低下させずにその自己潤滑性をいっ
そう向上させる。However, when the amount of graphite is less than 5% by weight, it does not easily contribute to the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy. On the other hand, when the content of graphite exceeds 30% by weight, the strength of the aluminum alloy is reduced, and the wear characteristics are reduced. Therefore, the content of graphite is set to 5% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less. When the graphite content is 5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less, the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy is further improved without substantially reducing the strength.
【００３２】[0032]
【実施例】［実施例１］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳ
ｉ母合金と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金と
を準備し、Ｓｉが４０重量％、Ｃｕが１．０重量％、及
びＰが０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌイン
ゴットで調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で
溶解した。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシ
ュを通過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天
然黒鉛を５重量％になるように配合した。[Example 1] AlS containing 25% by weight of Si
An i mother alloy and a CuP mother alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P are prepared, and Si becomes 40% by weight, Cu becomes 1.0% by weight, and P becomes 0.2% by weight (remaining Al). These were adjusted with an Al ingot as described above, and these were melted at a temperature of 780 ° C. in an electric furnace. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００３３】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、４０重量
％のＳｉと、１．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有す
る。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工して、
一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、これ
を試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例２］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金とを準備
し、Ｓｉが３０重量％、Ｃｕが１．０重量％、及びＰが
０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴット
で調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解し
た。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通
過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛
を５重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 40% by weight of Si, 1.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 5% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. By cutting this plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting,
A rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was prepared and used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. [Example 2] An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si and a CuP mother alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P were prepared, and 30% by weight of Si, 1.0% by weight of Cu, and P Was adjusted with an Al ingot so as to be 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted at a temperature of 780 ° C. in an electric furnace. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００３４】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、３０重量
％のＳｉと、１．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有す
る。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工して、
一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、これ
を試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例３］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金とを準備
し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが１．０重量％、及びＰが
０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴット
で調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解し
た。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通
過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛
を５重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 30% by weight of Si, 1.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 5% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. By cutting this plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting,
A rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was prepared and used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. [Example 3] An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si and a CuP master alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P were prepared, and Si was 20% by weight, Cu was 1.0% by weight, and P was used. Was adjusted with an Al ingot so as to be 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted at a temperature of 780 ° C. in an electric furnace. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００３５】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、１．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有す
る。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工して、
一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、これ
を試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例４］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金とを準備
し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが１．０重量％、及びＰが
０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴット
で調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解し
た。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通
過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛
を１０重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 1.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 5% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. By cutting this plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting,
A rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was prepared and used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. [Example 4] An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si and a CuP master alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P were prepared, and Si was 20% by weight, Cu was 1.0% by weight, and P was used. Was adjusted with an Al ingot so as to become 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted in an electric furnace at a temperature of 780 ° C. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 10% by weight.
【００３６】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、１．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、１０重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有
する。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工し
て、一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、
これを試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例５］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金とを準備
し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが３．０重量％、及びＰが
０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴット
で調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解し
た。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通
過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛
を５重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 1.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 10% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. This plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting is cut to produce a square plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm,
This was used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. [Example 5] An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si and a CuP master alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P were prepared, and Si was 20% by weight, Cu was 3.0% by weight, and P was used. Was adjusted with an Al ingot so as to become 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted in an electric furnace at a temperature of 780 ° C. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００３７】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、３．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有す
る。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工して、
一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、これ
を試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例６］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金とを準備
し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが３．０重量％、及びＰが
０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴット
で調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解し
た。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通
過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛
を１０重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 3.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 5% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. By cutting this plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting,
A rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was prepared and used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. Example 6 An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si and a CuP mother alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P were prepared, and Si was 20% by weight, Cu was 3.0% by weight, and P was used. Was adjusted with an Al ingot so as to become 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted in an electric furnace at a temperature of 780 ° C. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 10% by weight.
【００３８】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、３．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、１０重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有
する。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工し
て、一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、
これを試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例７］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金とを準備
し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが６．０重量％、及びＰが
０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴット
で調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解し
た。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通
過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛
を５重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 3.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 10% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. This plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting is cut to produce a square plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm,
This was used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. [Example 7] An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si and a CuP mother alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P were prepared, and Si was 20% by weight, Cu was 6.0% by weight, and P was used. Was adjusted with an Al ingot so as to become 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted in an electric furnace at a temperature of 780 ° C. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００３９】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、６．０重量％のＣｕと、０．２重量％のＰ
と、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有す
る。この板状のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工して、
一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、これ
を試験片とした。試験条件については後述する。 ［実施例８］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金と、Ｍｇイ
ンゴットとを準備し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが６．０
重量％、Ｍｇが１重量％、及びＰが０．２重量％（残部
Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴットで調整し、これらを
電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解した。この溶解により
得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通過し４８メッシュを
通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛を５重量％になるよ
うに配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 6.0% by weight of Cu, and 0.2% by weight of P
And 5% by weight of graphite and the balance Al. By cutting this plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting,
A rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was prepared and used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. Example 8 An AlSi master alloy containing 25% by weight of Si, a CuP master alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P, and a Mg ingot were prepared, and Si was 20% by weight and Cu was 6.0%.
The contents were adjusted with an Al ingot so that the weight%, Mg was 1% by weight, and P was 0.2% by weight (remainder Al), and these were melted at a temperature of 780 ° C. in an electric furnace. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００４０】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、６．０重量％のＣｕと、１重量％のＭｇ
と、０．２重量％のＰと、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌ
とからなる組成を有する。この板状のアルミニウム合金
鋳物を切削加工して、一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの
方形板を作製し、これを試験片とした。試験条件につい
ては後述する。 ［実施例９］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金と、５０重
量％のＦｅを含むＡｌＦｅ母合金とを準備し、Ｓｉが２
０重量％、Ｃｕが６．０重量％、Ｆｅが１重量％、及び
Ｐが０．２重量％（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴ
ットで調整し、これらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶
解した。この溶解により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュ
を通過し４８メッシュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然
黒鉛を５重量％になるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 6.0% by weight of Cu, and 1% by weight of Mg.
, 0.2% by weight of P, 5% by weight of graphite, and the balance Al
Having a composition consisting of: This plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting was cut to form a rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, which was used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. Example 9 An AlSi mother alloy containing 25% by weight of Si, a CuP mother alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P, and an AlFe mother alloy containing 50% by weight of Fe were prepared.
0 wt%, Cu was 6.0 wt%, Fe was 1 wt%, and P was adjusted with an Al ingot to be 0.2 wt% (remainder Al), and these were heated at 780 ° C. in an electric furnace. And dissolved. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００４１】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、６．０重量％のＣｕと、１重量％のＦｅ
と、０．２重量％のＰと、５重量％の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌ
とからなる組成を有する。この板状のアルミニウム合金
鋳物を切削加工して、一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの
方形板を作製し、これを試験片とした。試験条件につい
ては後述する。 ［実施例１０］２５重量％のＳｉを含むＡｌＳｉ母合金
と、１４．５重量％のＰを含むＣｕＰ母合金と、５０重
量％のＦｅを含むＡｌＦｅ母合金と、Ｍｇインゴットと
を準備し、Ｓｉが２０重量％、Ｃｕが６．０重量％、Ｆ
ｅが１重量％、Ｍｇが１重量％、及びＰが０．２重量％
（残部Ａｌ）になるようにＡｌインゴットで調整し、こ
れらを電気炉にて７８０℃の温度で溶解した。この溶解
により得られた溶湯に、２０メッシュを通過し４８メッ
シュを通過しない粒度に調整した天然黒鉛を５重量％に
なるように配合した。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by die casting to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 6.0% by weight of Cu, and 1% by weight of Fe.
, 0.2% by weight of P, 5% by weight of graphite, and the balance Al
Having a composition consisting of: This plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting was cut to form a rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm, which was used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. Example 10 An AlSi mother alloy containing 25% by weight of Si, a CuP mother alloy containing 14.5% by weight of P, an AlFe mother alloy containing 50% by weight of Fe, and a Mg ingot were prepared. 20% by weight of Si, 6.0% by weight of Cu, F
e is 1% by weight, Mg is 1% by weight, and P is 0.2% by weight
(The remainder was Al) was adjusted with an Al ingot, and these were melted at a temperature of 780 ° C. in an electric furnace. Natural graphite adjusted to a particle size of 20 mesh but not 48 mesh was blended into the melt obtained by this melting so as to be 5% by weight.
【００４２】この黒鉛が配合された溶融アルミニウム合
金をダイカスト鋳造法により鋳造し、板状のアルミニウ
ム合金（本発明にいう摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一
例である）を得た。このアルミニウム合金は、２０重量
％のＳｉと、６．０重量％のＣｕと、１重量％のＦｅ
と、１重量％のＭｇと、０．２重量％のＰと、５重量％
の黒鉛と、残部Ａｌとからなる組成を有する。この板状
のアルミニウム合金鋳物を切削加工して、一辺が３０ｍ
ｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、これを試験片とし
た。試験条件については後述する。 ［比較例］比較例として、耐摩耗部品用途に使用されて
いる日本工業規格（ＪＩＳ）のＨ５３０２、記号ＡＤＣ
１４で規定される１７重量％のＳｉ、４．５重量％のＣ
ｕ、０．５５重量％のＭｇ、１．３重量％のＦｅ、１．
５重量％のＺｎ、０．５重量％のＭｎ、残部Ａｌからな
るアルミニウム合金を用いた。このアルミニウム合金か
ら一辺が３０ｍｍ、厚さが５ｍｍの方形板を作製し、こ
れを比較例の試験片とした。The molten aluminum alloy containing the graphite was cast by a die casting method to obtain a plate-shaped aluminum alloy (an example of the aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention). This aluminum alloy contains 20% by weight of Si, 6.0% by weight of Cu, and 1% by weight of Fe.
, 1 wt% Mg, 0.2 wt% P, 5 wt%
And the balance of Al. This plate-shaped aluminum alloy casting is cut and processed, and one side is 30m.
A rectangular plate having a thickness of 5 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was prepared and used as a test piece. The test conditions will be described later. [Comparative Example] As a comparative example, H5302 of Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) used for wear-resistant parts, symbol ADC
17% by weight of Si and 4.5% by weight of C
u, 0.55 wt% Mg, 1.3 wt% Fe,
An aluminum alloy consisting of 5% by weight of Zn, 0.5% by weight of Mn, and the balance Al was used. A rectangular plate having a side of 30 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was produced from this aluminum alloy, and this was used as a test piece of a comparative example.
【００４３】上述した実施例１から１０までに記載した
試験片、及び比較例に記載した試験片を用いて、下記の
試験条件で摩擦試験を行った。試験結果と各試験片の組
成や硬さを表１に示す。また、摩擦試験の方法を図２に
模式的に示す。 ［試験条件］摩擦試験としては、図２に示すように、試
験片２０を固定しておき、摩擦の相手材になるＳＵＳ３
０４製の円筒ブッシュ２２を試験片２０の上から（矢印
Ａ方向から）その表面２０ａに所定の荷重で押し付けな
がら、円筒ブッシュ２２を矢印Ｂ方向に回転させるスラ
スト試験を行った。円筒ブッシュ２２の内径は２０．０
ｍｍ、外径は２５．６ｍｍである。また、この摩擦試験
を開始するに先立って、試験片２０の表面２０ａに、１
０重量％の黒鉛を含有したリチウム系グリースを塗布し
た。Using the test pieces described in Examples 1 to 10 and the test pieces described in Comparative Examples, a friction test was performed under the following test conditions. Table 1 shows the test results and the composition and hardness of each test piece. FIG. 2 schematically shows a friction test method. [Test Conditions] In the friction test, as shown in FIG.
A thrust test was performed in which the cylindrical bush 22 was rotated in the direction of arrow B while the cylindrical bush 22 made of 04 was pressed against the surface 20a of the test piece 20 from above (from the direction of arrow A) with a predetermined load. The inner diameter of the cylindrical bush 22 is 20.0
mm, the outer diameter is 25.6 mm. Prior to the start of the friction test, 1
A lithium grease containing 0% by weight of graphite was applied.
【００４４】円筒ブッシュ２２を矢印Ｂ方向に回転させ
る速度（摺動速度）は１０ｍ／分とした。また、所定の
荷重として、摩擦試験開始から１０分間は２ｋｇｆ／ｃ
ｍ2（面圧）の荷重（初期荷重）を円筒ブッシュ２２に
負荷した。摩擦試験開始から１０分経過後に荷重を１ｋ
ｇｆ／ｃｍ2 増やし、その後も、１０分経過毎に１ｋｇ
ｆ／ｃｍ2 ずつ荷重を増やす累積荷重にした。 ［試験結果］実施例４の試験片と比較例の試験片を用い
た試験結果のグラフを図３に示す。図３の縦軸は摩擦係
数（μ）を示し、横軸は累積荷重（面圧）を示す。図３
に示すように、実施例４の試験片を用いた摩擦試験で
は、この試験を開始した直後の摩擦係数は約０．０７で
あり、その後は、累積荷重で３４ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 まで摩
擦係数が約０．０５程度を維持していたことが分かる。
なお、累積荷重が約３４ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 を超えた時点か
ら摩擦係数が上昇し始めた。これに対し、比較例の試験
片を用いた摩擦試験では、この試験を開始した直後の摩
擦係数は約０．４であるが、試験が進行するに伴って摩
擦係数が低下し、累積荷重が約８．０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 に
なったときの摩擦係数は約０．３であった。しかし、累
積荷重が約８．０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 を超えた時点から摩擦
係数が上昇し始めた。The speed (sliding speed) at which the cylindrical bush 22 was rotated in the direction of arrow B was 10 m / min. The predetermined load is 2 kgf / c for 10 minutes from the start of the friction test.
A load (initial load) of m 2 (contact pressure) was applied to the cylindrical bush 22. Load 1k after 10 minutes from the start of the friction test
gf / cm 2 , then 1 kg every 10 minutes
The cumulative load was increased by f / cm 2 . [Test Results] FIG. 3 is a graph showing test results obtained by using the test piece of Example 4 and the test piece of Comparative Example. The vertical axis in FIG. 3 indicates the friction coefficient (μ), and the horizontal axis indicates the accumulated load (surface pressure). FIG.
As shown in the above, in the friction test using the test piece of Example 4, the friction coefficient immediately after the start of this test was about 0.07, and thereafter, the friction coefficient was reduced to about 34 kgf / cm 2 by a cumulative load. It can be seen that about 0.05 was maintained.
The coefficient of friction started to increase from the point where the cumulative load exceeded about 34 kgf / cm 2 . On the other hand, in the friction test using the test piece of the comparative example, the friction coefficient immediately after the start of this test is about 0.4, but as the test progresses, the friction coefficient decreases, and the cumulative load increases. The coefficient of friction when it reached about 8.0 kgf / cm 2 was about 0.3. However, when the cumulative load exceeded about 8.0 kgf / cm 2 , the coefficient of friction began to increase.
【００４５】他の実施例の試験片を用いた実験でも、ほ
ぼ実施例４の試験片を用いた摩擦試験結果と同じ傾向に
あり、比較例に比べ、耐摩耗性に優れていることが判明
した。また、凝着は生じなかった。In the experiments using the test pieces of the other examples, the results tended to be almost the same as those of the friction test results using the test pieces of Example 4, which proved to be superior to the comparative examples in abrasion resistance. did. Also, no adhesion occurred.
【００４６】ここで、上述したように試験結果と各試験
片の組成や硬さを表１に示す。Table 1 shows the test results and the composition and hardness of each test piece as described above.
【００４７】[0047]
【表１】 表１に記載した耐荷重性とは、上記の摩擦試験において
摩擦係数が上昇し始めた時点の荷重（面圧）の値をい
い、この耐荷重性が大きいほど、耐摩耗性に優れてい
る。また、摩擦係数は試験開始後、安定域に移行したと
きの値を示した。[Table 1] The load resistance described in Table 1 refers to the value of the load (surface pressure) at the time when the friction coefficient starts to increase in the friction test described above. The greater the load resistance, the better the wear resistance. . Further, the coefficient of friction was a value at the time of shifting to the stable region after the start of the test.
【００４８】各実施例の耐荷重性を比較した場合、表１
に示すように、実施例３の試験片の耐荷重性が一番小さ
くて２７ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 であり、一方、実施例６の試験
片の耐荷重性が一番大きくて３６ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ2 であっ
た。しかし、比較例の試験片の耐荷重性は８ｋｇｆ／ｃ
ｍ2 であるので、実施例３の試験片であっても、比較例
の試験片に比べて３倍以上の耐荷重性を有する。また、
各実施例の摩擦係数は０．０４から０．０９の範囲内で
あるのに対し、比較例の摩擦係数は０．３０であった。
この結果、各実施例の試験片は、比較例に比べて耐摩耗
性に非常に優れていることが判明した。Table 1 shows a comparison of the load bearing capacity of each example.
As shown in the figure, the load resistance of the test piece of Example 3 was the smallest at 27 kgf / cm 2 , while the load resistance of the test piece of Example 6 was the largest at 36 kgf / cm 2. Was. However, the load resistance of the test piece of the comparative example was 8 kgf / c.
Since it is m 2 , even the test piece of Example 3 has a load resistance three times or more that of the test piece of the comparative example. Also,
The friction coefficient of each example was in the range of 0.04 to 0.09, while the friction coefficient of the comparative example was 0.30.
As a result, it was found that the test pieces of the respective examples were much more excellent in wear resistance than the comparative examples.
【００４９】[0049]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の第１の（請
求項１に記載された）摺動部材用アルミニウム合金で
は、多量に含有されているＳｉの一部がＡｌに固溶して
固溶体を形成することによりアルミニウム合金のマトリ
ックスを微細な共晶組織にするので、このマトリックス
の強度や硬さが高まる。また、ＳｉとＡｌがＳｉXAｌ Y
系硬質化合物を分散して析出するので耐摩耗性と耐凝着
性が向上する。さらに、ＣｕはＡｌに固溶してアルミニ
ウム合金の結晶粒を微細化するので、このアルミニウム
合金のマトリックスの高温強度と硬さがさらに向上す
る。さらにまた、Ｐによってアルミニウム合金の結晶粒
がいっそう微細化されるので、その強度も確実に向上す
る。さらにまた、黒鉛はアルミニウム合金に分散してこ
のアルミニウム合金の自己潤滑性を向上させる。また、
黒鉛は潤滑油との親和性に優れるので、境界潤滑領域に
おいて摩擦特性の向上に寄与する。このようにＡｌに適
宜の量のＳｉ、Ｃｕ、黒鉛、及びＰを含有させることに
より、高温強度と硬さが向上したマトリックスを有する
と共に耐摩耗性及び耐凝着性に優れた摺動部材用アルミ
ニウム合金が得られる。また、アルミニウム合金である
のでリサイクル性も高く、軽量化も図れる。As described above, in the first aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to the present invention (described in claim 1), a part of Si contained in a large amount forms a solid solution with Al. Since the aluminum alloy matrix has a fine eutectic structure by forming a solid solution, the strength and hardness of the matrix are increased. Also, Si and Al are Si X Al Y
Since the system hard compound is dispersed and precipitated, abrasion resistance and adhesion resistance are improved. Further, since Cu forms a solid solution in Al to refine crystal grains of the aluminum alloy, the high-temperature strength and hardness of the matrix of the aluminum alloy are further improved. Furthermore, since the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy are further refined by P, the strength is surely improved. Furthermore, graphite is dispersed in the aluminum alloy to improve the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy. Also,
Since graphite has excellent affinity with lubricating oil, it contributes to improvement of friction characteristics in the boundary lubrication region. As described above, by adding an appropriate amount of Si, Cu, graphite, and P to Al, a sliding member having a matrix having improved high-temperature strength and hardness and having excellent wear resistance and adhesion resistance is used. An aluminum alloy is obtained. In addition, since it is an aluminum alloy, the recyclability is high and the weight can be reduced.
【００５０】ここで、上記の摺動部材用アルミニウム合
金が、０．５重量％以上５重量％以下のＭｇを含有した
場合は、ＭｇがＡｌに固溶して固溶体を形成することに
よりアルミニウム合金の靭性を向上させる。また、Ｍｇ
がＳｉと共存した場合は時効硬化性を発揮するので、ア
ルミニウム合金のマトリックスが硬化し、耐摩耗性がさ
らに向上する。なお、Ｍｇが１重量％以上３重量％以下
の場合は、適切な量の固溶体が形成されると共に、時効
硬化性もいっそう良好に発揮される。Here, when the aluminum alloy for a sliding member contains 0.5% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less of Mg, Mg is dissolved in Al to form a solid solution to form the aluminum alloy. Improve toughness. In addition, Mg
Exhibits age hardening when coexisting with Si, the aluminum alloy matrix is hardened, and the wear resistance is further improved. When Mg is 1% by weight or more and 3% by weight or less, an appropriate amount of a solid solution is formed, and the age hardening property is further exhibited.
【００５１】また、上記の摺動部材用アルミニウム合金
が、０．１重量％以上２重量％以下のＦｅを含有した場
合は、Ｆｅの一部とＡｌは互いに固溶体を形成して結晶
粒を微細化する。また、微量のＦｅは、アルミニウム合
金を金型鋳造やダイカスト鋳造するときに型離れを良好
にする。なお、Ｆｅが０．５重量％以上１重量％以下の
場合は、結晶粒を微細化する作用と、型離れを良好にす
る作用とがいっそう良好に発揮される。When the aluminum alloy for a sliding member contains 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less of Fe, a part of Fe and Al form a solid solution with each other to reduce crystal grains. Become Further, a small amount of Fe improves mold release when performing die casting or die casting of an aluminum alloy. When Fe is 0.5% by weight or more and 1% by weight or less, the effect of refining crystal grains and the effect of improving mold release are more favorably exhibited.
【００５２】さらに、上記Ｓｉは、２０重量％以上４０
重量％以下の範囲内のものである場合は、Ｓｉの成分範
囲をいっそう厳密に限定したので、耐摩耗性及び耐凝着
性に優れた摺動部材用アルミニウム合金がいっそう確実
に得られる。Further, the Si is contained in an amount of 20% by weight or more and 40% by weight or more.
When the content is within the range of not more than% by weight, the component range of Si is more strictly limited, so that an aluminum alloy for a sliding member excellent in wear resistance and adhesion resistance can be obtained more reliably.
【００５３】さらにまた、上記Ｃｕは、１重量％以上６
重量％以下の範囲内のものである場合は、Ｃｕの成分範
囲をいっそう厳密に限定したので、高温強度にいっそう
優れた摺動部材用アルミニウム合金がいっそう確実に得
られる。Further, the above-mentioned Cu is 1% by weight or more and 6% by weight or more.
When the content is within the range of not more than% by weight, the component range of Cu is more strictly limited, so that an aluminum alloy for a sliding member having more excellent high-temperature strength can be obtained more reliably.
【００５４】さらにまた、上記Ｐは、０．０５重量％以
上０．３重量％以下の範囲内のものである場合は、アル
ミニウム合金の結晶粒をいっそう確実に微細化してその
強度をいっそう確実に向上させる。Further, when the above-mentioned P is in the range of 0.05% by weight or more and 0.3% by weight or less, the crystal grains of the aluminum alloy are more reliably refined and the strength thereof is more reliably improved. Improve.
【００５５】さらにまた、上記黒鉛は、５重量％以上２
０重量％以下の範囲内のものである場合は、アルミニウ
ム合金の強度をほとんど低下させずにその自己潤滑性を
いっそう向上させる。Further, the graphite is 5% by weight or more and 2% by weight or more.
When the content is within the range of 0% by weight or less, the self-lubricating property of the aluminum alloy is further improved without substantially reducing the strength.
【図１】本発明の摺動部材用アルミニウム合金の一例を
模式的に示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of an aluminum alloy for a sliding member of the present invention.
【図２】摩擦試験の方法を模式的に示す斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing a method of a friction test.
【図３】実施例４の試験片と比較例の試験片を用いた試
験結果を比較して示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison between test results using a test piece of Example 4 and a test piece of a comparative example.
１０ アルミニウム合金 １２ 初晶Ｓｉ １４ マトリックス １９ 黒鉛 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Aluminum alloy 12 Primary crystal Si 14 Matrix 19 Graphite
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 3J011 SB02 SB03 SB04 SB20 SD10 SE05 SE10 4K020 AA24 AC01 BB22 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3J011 SB02 SB03 SB04 SB20 SD10 SE05 SE10 4K020 AA24 AC01 BB22
Claims (9)
と、 ０．０５重量％以上１０重量％以下のＣｕと、 ０．０１重量％以上０．５重量％以下のＰと、 ５重量％以上３０重量％以下の黒鉛と、 Ａｌ及び不可避的不純物のみを含む残部とからなる組成
を有することを特徴とする摺動部材用アルミニウム合
金。2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the Si content is at least 10% by weight and at most 45% by weight.
And 0.05% to 10% by weight of Cu, 0.01% to 0.5% by weight of P, 5% to 30% by weight of graphite, and only Al and inevitable impurities An aluminum alloy for a sliding member, characterized by having a composition consisting of a balance containing:
含有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の摺動部材用
アルミニウム合金。2. The aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy contains 0.5% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less of Mg.
含有することを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の摺動
部材用アルミニウム合金。3. The aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to claim 1, further comprising 0.1% by weight or more and 2% by weight or less of Fe.
以下の範囲内のものであることを特徴とする請求項１，
２，又は３に記載の摺動部材用アルミニウム合金。4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Si content is 20% by weight or more and 40% by weight or less.
Claim 1 characterized by the following range:
4. The aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to 2 or 3.
の範囲内のものであることを特徴とする請求項１から４
までのうちのいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材用アルミニ
ウム合金。5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said Cu is in a range of 1% by weight to 6% by weight.
The aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to any one of the above.
の範囲内のものであることを特徴とする請求項２から５
までのうちのいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材用アルミニ
ウム合金。6. The method according to claim 2, wherein said Mg is in a range of 1% by weight or more and 3% by weight or less.
The aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to any one of the above.
以下の範囲内のものであることを特徴とする請求項３か
ら６までのうちのいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材用アル
ミニウム合金。7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Fe is 0.5% by weight or more and 1% by weight.
The aluminum alloy for a sliding member according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the aluminum alloy is within the following range.
量％以下の範囲内のものであることを特徴とする請求項
１から７までのうちのいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材用
アルミニウム合金。8. The slide according to claim 1, wherein said P is in a range of 0.05% by weight or more and 0.3% by weight or less. Aluminum alloy for moving parts.
下の範囲内のものであることを特徴とする請求項１から
８までのうちのいずれか一項に記載の摺動部材用アルミ
ニウム合金。9. The aluminum for a sliding member according to claim 1, wherein the graphite is in a range of 5% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less. alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000354416A JP2002155330A (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2000-11-16 | Aluminum alloy for sliding member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000354416A JP2002155330A (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2000-11-16 | Aluminum alloy for sliding member |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002155330A true JP2002155330A (en) | 2002-05-31 |
| JP2002155330A5 JP2002155330A5 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
Family
ID=18827003
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000354416A Pending JP2002155330A (en) | 2000-11-16 | 2000-11-16 | Aluminum alloy for sliding member |
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| JPH06293933A (en) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-21 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Wear resistant aluminum alloy and its production |
| JPH07178492A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-07-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for manufacturing slidable surface |
| JPH07285032A (en) * | 1994-04-20 | 1995-10-31 | Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd | Manufacture of sliding member for compressor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5573839A (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1980-06-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Manufacture of graphite-dispersed aluminum cast alloy |
| JPS602643A (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1985-01-08 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Die casting aluminum alloy with superior wear resistance |
| JPS6019972A (en) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-02-01 | Taiho Kogyo Co Ltd | Swash plate type compressor |
| JPS6056057A (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1985-04-01 | Showa Alum Corp | Production of wear resistant aluminum alloy material having excellent machinability |
| JPS6070160A (en) * | 1984-03-21 | 1985-04-20 | Showa Alum Corp | Wear resistant extruded aluminum alloy material with superior machinability |
| JPS60223055A (en) * | 1984-04-18 | 1985-11-07 | Showa Alum Corp | Guide member for sliding contact of tape in tape recorder |
| JPS60228646A (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1985-11-13 | Showa Alum Corp | Synchronizer ring for speed changer made of aluminum alloy |
| JPS6386844A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1988-04-18 | Showa Alum Corp | Sliding guide member for spinning and weaving yarn |
| JPS6436742A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-07 | Ryobi Ltd | Metallic grain and intermetallic compound grain dispersion strengthened alloy and its production |
| JPH01246340A (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1989-10-02 | Ryobi Ltd | Grain dispersion-type alloy and its manufacture |
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| JPH07178492A (en) * | 1993-12-21 | 1995-07-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method for manufacturing slidable surface |
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| WO1999047724A1 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-23 | Taiho Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Aluminum alloy-based sliding material |
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