JP2002147854A - Water heating means and local part cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water heating device for a local part cleaning device, low in cost and high in safety as well as reliability. SOLUTION: The water heating device for a local part cleaning device, low in cost and high in safety as well as reliability, is provided by a method wherein the device is provided with a heat exchanging means designed so that water is passed in the condition of substantially turbulent flow by making a water passage so as to be discontinuous in a tubular means wherein a heating means, a heating amount control means, a water inlet port and a hot-water discharging port are communicated with each other while the temperature of hot-water discharged out of the hot-water discharging port is retained so as to be substantially same as the temperature of the heat exchanging means or both of them are retained in some temperature difference.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、特に水を所定温度
に加熱する局部洗浄装置用の温水装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot water device for a local cleaning device for heating water to a predetermined temperature.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、円筒状や平板状の基材の内部に薄
肉状の発熱体を埋設し、基材の内外面や表裏面に通水し
て温水を生成する温水装置が提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been proposed a hot water device in which a thin heating element is buried inside a cylindrical or flat base material, and hot water is generated by passing water through the inner and outer surfaces and the front and back surfaces of the base material. I have.

【０００３】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
ような温水生成方法においては、概して水と加熱部との
接触面積が小さく、水を効率よく加熱するためには所望
の温水温度に比べて加熱部の表面温度は非常に高い場合
がある。このため、高度な電力制御手段や万一の高温吐
水防止手段などを付加しなければ、安全性に関して信頼
性が得られないといった課題があった。また、加熱部と
水との接触箇所においては、加熱部の温度が所望の温水
温度に比べてかなり高く、加熱部の表面温度が１００℃
近くまで達し、この近傍では水が沸騰状態となり、熱交
換器に金属材料が使われた場合などには経年時、孔食に
よる漏水、漏電が生じたり、水あかの析出が促進され通
水路が目詰まりし圧損の増大による流量低下、最悪の場
合断水といった不具合があった。例えば、実公平１−４
２７５７や特開平１０−３１８６０５などに瞬間式温水
装置の従来例が記載されているが、加熱ヒータにセラミ
ックを使い、セラミックヒータ面に直接水を接触させて
温水生成している。これによれば、孔食などの腐食には
耐久性があるが、しかし、加熱ヒータの水との接触面積
が小さく、水を効率よく加熱するためには所望の温水温
度に比べて加熱部の表面温度は非常に高い場合がある。
さらに、熱交換器の出湯口近くでサーミスタなどによる
水温の検知を行っている。この場所ではヒーターの温度
を直接検知制御できず、水が流れていない時にヒータが
万が一ＯＮするとヒータの温度は上昇しているにもかか
わらず出湯口の水温は上昇ぜずヒータはさらに温度上昇
するという熱暴走の状態となってしまう。このため、水
流検知、水位検知さらには水位検知を安全に働かせるた
めの傾斜検知まで行っている。このように、高度な電力
制御手段や万一の高温吐水防止手段や火災防止策などを
付加した安全装置を何重にもしなければ、温度の安定性
や安全性に関して信頼性が得られないといった課題があ
った。特に、空だきや熱交換器内の水の量が減り、セラ
ミックヒータの加熱部の一部が空気に接したりするとそ
の近傍のみ異常加熱で温度が上昇し、熱膨張差による熱
ストレスでセラミックヒータが割れて内部に内設した電
気加熱発熱体が水と直接接触し、漏電、感電といった危
険性があった。However, in the above-described method for producing hot water, the contact area between the water and the heating section is generally small, and in order to heat the water efficiently, the heating temperature is higher than the desired hot water temperature. The surface temperature of the part can be very high. For this reason, there has been a problem that reliability cannot be obtained with respect to safety unless advanced power control means and emergency high-temperature water discharge prevention means are added. In addition, at the contact point between the heating unit and the water, the temperature of the heating unit is considerably higher than the desired hot water temperature, and the surface temperature of the heating unit is 100 ° C.
Water is brought to a boil near this point, and when metal materials are used for the heat exchanger, water leakage and leakage due to pitting occur over time and precipitation of scales is promoted over time, and the water passage is not visible. There were problems such as clogging and a decrease in flow rate due to an increase in pressure loss, and in the worst case, water cutoff. For example, actual fairness 1-4
Conventional examples of instantaneous water heaters are described in, for example, No. 2557 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-318605. Hot water is generated by using ceramic as a heater and bringing water directly into contact with the ceramic heater surface. According to this, although it is durable against corrosion such as pitting corrosion, the contact area of the heater with water is small, and in order to heat the water efficiently, the heating section has a higher temperature than the desired hot water temperature. Surface temperatures can be very high.
In addition, the temperature of the water is detected by a thermistor near the outlet of the heat exchanger. In this place, the temperature of the heater cannot be directly detected and controlled, and if the heater is turned on when water is not flowing, the temperature of the heater rises even though the temperature of the heater rises, but the temperature of the heater rises even though it does not rise. It will be a state of heat runaway. For this reason, water flow detection, water level detection, and even tilt detection for safely operating the water level detection are performed. As described above, unless safety devices with advanced power control means, emergency hot water discharge prevention means, fire prevention measures, etc. are added, the reliability of temperature stability and safety cannot be obtained. There were challenges. In particular, when the amount of water in the air gap or the heat exchanger decreases, and when a part of the heating part of the ceramic heater comes into contact with air, the temperature rises only in the vicinity of the area due to abnormal heating, and the ceramic heater becomes thermally stressed due to the difference in thermal expansion There was a danger of electric leakage and electric shock due to the fact that the electric heating element provided inside was in direct contact with water, resulting in electric leakage and electric shock.

【０００４】本発明は上記課題を解決するためになされ
たもので、ローコストで安全性、信頼性の高い局部洗浄
装置用の温水装置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has as its object to provide a low-cost, safe and highly reliable hot water device for a local cleaning device.

【０００５】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に第１の発明では、加熱手段と、加熱量制御手段と、入
水口と出湯口とが連通した筒状の内部で流路を不連続と
することで略乱流の状態で通水し、かつ該出湯口から吐
出する温水温度と熱交換手段の温度が略同一、あるい
は、ある温度差の中で保持してなるように設計された熱
交換手段とを備えたことを特徴とする温水手段を提供す
る。In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a heating means, a heating amount control means, and a flow path in a cylindrical shape in which a water inlet and a water outlet communicate with each other are provided. By being continuous, water is passed in a substantially turbulent state, and the temperature of the hot water discharged from the outlet and the temperature of the heat exchange means are designed to be substantially the same or to be maintained within a certain temperature difference. And a heat exchange means.

【０００６】これによれば、熱交換器の内部の通水路の
壁と接触する近傍の水は壁との摩擦などにより、水流の
速度が主流に比べて遅い流域ができ、熱交換器の通水路
の壁からの熱エネルギーが水流に伝わりにくい境界領域
が存在し、この領域では水の熱伝導率が律束となり効率
よく熱伝達できない。本発明では、入水口から出湯口に
向かって通水路を不連続とすることで略乱流の状態とす
ることで、この熱が伝わりにくい領域を限りなく薄く
し、熱が伝わりやすくすることができる。[0006] According to this, the water in the vicinity of the wall of the water passage inside the heat exchanger that is in contact with the wall forms a basin in which the speed of the water flow is lower than that of the main flow due to friction with the wall. There is a boundary region where heat energy from the wall of the water channel is difficult to transmit to the water flow, and in this region, the thermal conductivity of the water is governed and the heat cannot be transferred efficiently. In the present invention, by making the water passages discontinuous from the water inlet to the hot water outlet so as to be in a substantially turbulent state, the region where this heat is difficult to transmit can be made as thin as possible and the heat can be easily transmitted. it can.

【０００７】さらに、一般に伝熱量は、熱伝達率×伝熱
面積×温度差の積で与えられるが、該出湯口から吐出す
る温水温度と熱交換する手段の温度が略同一、あるい
は、ある温度差の中で保持してなるように設計したこと
によって、従来方式の加熱面温度のように人体にとって
危険な温度にせずとも、本質的に安全な温水を供給でき
る。通水路が出湯口に近づくほど水温は上昇し熱交換壁
との温度差が減少し、伝熱効率が次第に低下することに
なる。本発明のように、熱交換器の出湯口あたりなどの
水温と熱交換器温度の差が小さい領域でも、熱伝達効率
が向上し伝熱量を確保できる。これによって、従来にく
らべて同様な温水昇温幅にも関わらず熱交換器容積を減
少でき、トイレ空間のようにコンパクトが要求される箇
所では好適である。特に局部洗浄装置ではデザイン性が
近年とみに求められたり、さらなるコンパクト要求や各
種の大便器、特に外国製便器への取付を容易に可能とす
るためには局部洗浄装置本体のコンパクト化が求められ
ており、この要求に答えることができる。Further, the amount of heat transfer is generally given by the product of heat transfer coefficient × heat transfer area × temperature difference, and the temperature of the hot water discharged from the tap hole and the temperature of the means for heat exchange are substantially the same or a certain temperature. By designing so as to be held in the difference, it is possible to supply hot water which is essentially safe without making the temperature of the human body dangerous as in the conventional heating surface temperature. As the water passage approaches the hot water outlet, the water temperature rises, the temperature difference with the heat exchange wall decreases, and the heat transfer efficiency gradually decreases. As in the present invention, even in a region where the difference between the water temperature and the heat exchanger temperature is small, such as around the outlet of the heat exchanger, the heat transfer efficiency is improved and the heat transfer amount can be secured. As a result, the volume of the heat exchanger can be reduced in spite of a similar hot water temperature increase width as compared with the related art, and is suitable for a place where compactness is required, such as a toilet space. In particular, in the case of a local cleaning device, the design is required in recent years, and in order to make it easier to attach to more compact toilets and various types of toilet bowls, especially foreign toilets, the miniaturization of the local cleaning device body is required. And can answer this request.

【０００８】第２の発明では、熱交換手段の通水路長の
総和が略０．０１ｍ〜１００ｍ、より好ましくは略０．
０８〜２５ｍであることを特徴とする第１の発明に記載
の温水手段を提供する。In the second invention, the total length of the water passages of the heat exchange means is approximately 0.01 m to 100 m, and more preferably approximately 0.1 m to 100 m.
The hot water means according to the first invention is characterized by having a length of 08 to 25 m.

【０００９】これによれば、熱交換手段の通水路壁の温
度が、使用者が火傷しない程度でも、所望の温水温度を
吐水することができる。通水路長の総和は、長ければ長
いほど所望の温度に近づきよいが、長すぎると圧損が増
えたり容積が大きくなったりする不具合がでる。また、
これによってコストアップとなる。According to this, even if the temperature of the water passage wall of the heat exchange means does not burn the user, the desired hot water temperature can be discharged. The longer the sum of the lengths of the water passages, the closer to the desired temperature, but if too long, there is a problem that the pressure loss increases or the volume increases. Also,
This increases costs.

【００１０】第３の発明では、通水路が千鳥格子状、及
びまたは、３次元網目構造状など屈曲した複雑に形成さ
れていることを特徴とする第１の発明乃至第２の発明の
いずれかに記載の温水手段を提供する。[0010] In the third invention, any of the first and second inventions is characterized in that the water passage is formed in a complicated shape such as a houndstooth check and / or a three-dimensional mesh structure. A hot water means according to the present invention is provided.

【００１１】これによれば、水の流れは流速が遅くとも
かき乱され乱流状に熱交換手段内を流れ伝熱効率が向上
し、限られた容積の中で可能な限り通水路長を長くもで
きる。これによって、従来にくらべて同様な温水昇温幅
にも関わらず熱交換器容積を減少でき、トイレ空間のよ
うにコンパクトが要求される箇所では好適である。特に
局部洗浄装置ではデザイン性が近年とみに求められた
り、さらなるコンパクト要求や各種の大便器、特に外国
製便器への取付を容易に可能とするためには局部洗浄装
置本体のコンパクト化が求められており、この要求に答
えることができる。[0011] According to this, the flow of water is disturbed even if the flow velocity is slow, and flows through the heat exchange means in a turbulent manner to improve the heat transfer efficiency, and the length of the water passage can be made as long as possible in a limited volume. . As a result, the volume of the heat exchanger can be reduced in spite of a similar hot water temperature increase width as compared with the related art, and is suitable for a place where compactness is required, such as a toilet space. In particular, in the case of a local cleaning device, the design is required in recent years, and in order to make it easier to attach to more compact toilets and various types of toilet bowls, especially foreign toilets, the miniaturization of the local cleaning device body is required. And can answer this request.

【００１２】第４の発明では、通水路が多数並列に分岐
形成されていることを特徴とする第１の発明乃至第３の
発明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を提供するAccording to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to third aspects of the invention, wherein a large number of water passages are branched and formed in parallel.

【００１３】これによれば、熱交換器での圧損が低くで
きる。一般に圧損は、水の流速の２乗に比例するため多
数並列に通水路を配設するとこれらの通水路に水が分流
でながれ一本の通水路に流れる水量が減少し低圧損とで
きる。これによって、上水などが低水圧地域や屋上に貯
水タンクのある高層建造物の上階や低圧型電気温水器か
ら給水する場合には所望の水量を確保できないといった
問題を解消できる。According to this, the pressure loss in the heat exchanger can be reduced. In general, the pressure loss is proportional to the square of the flow velocity of water. Therefore, when a large number of water passages are arranged in parallel, water flows in these water passages in a branch flow, and the amount of water flowing through one water passage is reduced, so that a low pressure loss can be achieved. This can solve the problem that a desired amount of water cannot be secured when water is supplied from an upper floor of a high-rise building having a water storage tank on the roof or a low-pressure electric water heater.

【００１４】第５の発明では、加熱手段が自己温度制御
機能を有していることを特徴とする第１の発明乃至第４
の発明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を提供する。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the heating means has a self-temperature control function.
A hot water means according to any one of the inventions is provided.

【００１５】これによれば、電子制御手段など高価な制
御はいらず、加熱機能と自己温度制御機能が可能でロー
コストで部品点数が減らせることで、信頼性の高いもの
となる。また、ＰＴＣヒータは、万一故障しても熱暴走
することがなく加熱できない不良モードとなるので、本
質的に安全となる。それにより、ヒータ近傍の樹脂材料
に難燃グレードや高耐熱グレードを使わなくても良くコ
ストダウンに寄与できる。According to this, an expensive control such as an electronic control means is not required, and a heating function and a self-temperature control function are possible, and the number of parts can be reduced at low cost, so that high reliability can be obtained. In addition, the PTC heater is in a failure mode in which it cannot be heated without thermal runaway even if it breaks down, so that it is essentially safe. Thereby, it is not necessary to use a flame-retardant grade or a high heat-resistant grade for the resin material near the heater, which can contribute to cost reduction.

【００１６】また、ＰＴＣの利点は温度が上がりすぎる
と自身で電力を制御してそれ以上の温度上昇をコントロ
ールすることで、たとえば熱交換手段と加熱手段を熱結
合して使用した場合、ある一カ所が熱結合不足でたとえ
ば空気層があったりすると通常の加熱手段ではその箇所
だけ熱を熱交換手段に伝えられず、どんどん温度上昇し
異常加熱が起き加熱手段が電気絶縁破壊や割れたり燃焼
したりといった装置の重要な信頼性を損なう結果となり
やすいが、本発明ではＰＴＣ加熱手段内のどの箇所でも
個々に自己温度制御機能を有しているので、ヒートスポ
ットは本質的に起きず安全に使用できる。Another advantage of the PTC is that if the temperature rises too much, the power is controlled by itself to control the temperature rise further. If there is an air layer due to insufficient heat coupling, for example, if there is an air layer, heat cannot be transmitted to the heat exchange means only at the normal heating means, the temperature will rise steadily, abnormal heating will occur, and the heating means will break down, break or burn. However, since the present invention has a self-temperature control function at each point in the PTC heating means, heat spots do not essentially occur and can be used safely. it can.

【００１７】また、局部洗浄する温水温度を変更したい
場合には、簡易電子温度制御で加熱手段と熱交換手段の
温度制御を行う場合には、制御手段の温度設定を任意に
変更できるようにしておけばよいが、自己温度制御機能
を有した加熱手段の場合には温度を一定に保つ動作をす
るため、吐水温水温度を変更したい場合には、温水手段
の後段で水と混合調整する手段を設けて温度微調整して
もよい。When it is desired to change the temperature of the hot water to be locally cleaned, and when the temperature control of the heating means and the heat exchange means is performed by the simple electronic temperature control, the temperature setting of the control means can be arbitrarily changed. However, in the case of a heating means having a self-temperature control function, in order to operate to maintain the temperature constant, if it is desired to change the temperature of the discharged water temperature, a means for mixing and adjusting with water at a subsequent stage of the heated water means. It may be provided to finely adjust the temperature.

【００１８】第６の発明では、加熱手段が均熱手段を介
して熱交換手段と熱結合されていることを特徴とする第
１の発明乃至第５の発明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を
提供する。According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the heating means is thermally coupled to the heat exchange means via the soaking means. provide.

【００１９】これによれば、加熱手段が熱交換手段の全
面になくても均熱手段を介して熱交換手段に熱を拡散で
きるので、加熱手段はコンパクトでよく、加熱手段のロ
ーコスト化に寄与できる。また、均熱板によって熱交換
手段の均熱化がはかれ所望の温度を得やすくなる。According to this, even if the heating means is not provided on the entire surface of the heat exchanging means, heat can be diffused to the heat exchanging means via the soaking means, so that the heating means may be compact and contribute to a low cost of the heating means. it can. Further, the heat equalizing plate makes the heat exchange means uniform so that a desired temperature can be easily obtained.

【００２０】さらに、加熱手段が大面積を加熱しなけれ
ばならない場合などでは、入水口近くでは加熱手段の温
度が下がり気味で、出湯口近くでは温度が上がり気味に
なりやすく、たとえば加熱手段にセラミック製のものを
用いた場合などでは、加熱手段内の温度ムラによる熱膨
張差で熱ストレスが生じ、セラミック製加熱手段が割れ
てしまうといった不具合を解消できる。Further, when the heating means has to heat a large area, for example, the temperature of the heating means tends to decrease near the water inlet and tends to increase near the tap hole. In the case where the ceramic heating means is used, for example, a thermal stress is generated due to a difference in thermal expansion caused by temperature unevenness in the heating means, and the ceramic heating means is broken.

【００２１】さらには、加熱手段と熱交換手段の間の熱
結合が不十分で一カ所空気層などが、この間にあったり
するとそこだけ熱が伝わらず、加熱手段の一部だけ異常
加熱を起こす（ヒートスポット）危険性も防げ信頼性を
増すことができる。Furthermore, if the heat coupling between the heating means and the heat exchange means is insufficient and an air layer or the like is located between the heating means and the heat exchange means, heat will not be transmitted to the air layer and only a part of the heating means will cause abnormal heating ( (Heat spot) Danger can be prevented and reliability can be increased.

【００２２】熱的結合手段としては、ロー付けやハンダ
付けなどの溶接、導電性熱伝導性接着剤、絶縁性熱伝導
接着剤、シリコーングリースなどのゲル状粘着材などが
好適に使用できる。As the thermal coupling means, welding such as brazing or soldering, a conductive heat conductive adhesive, an insulating heat conductive adhesive, and a gel adhesive such as silicone grease can be suitably used.

【００２３】均熱手段としては、熱伝導率の良い銅、グ
ラファイト、アルミ、ＢＮ、ＡＬＮ、ＳｉＣなど用いて
もよいし、ヒートパイプのようにさらに熱伝導、熱輸送
性の高い手段を用いれば好適である。特に、ループ式の
ような平板状にでき均熱輸送ができるものが好適であ
る。As the heat equalizing means, copper, graphite, aluminum, BN, ALN, SiC or the like having good heat conductivity may be used, or if a means having higher heat conduction and heat transport properties such as a heat pipe is used. It is suitable. In particular, it is preferable to use a plate that can be formed into a flat plate shape such as a loop type and that can transport heat uniformly.

【００２４】第７の発明では、熱交換手段が熱伝導材料
で形成されたことを特徴とする第１の発明乃至第６の発
明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を提供する。According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the heat exchange means is formed of a heat conductive material.

【００２５】これによれば、加熱手段と熱交換手段が熱
的に結合され、加熱手段からの熱エネルギーが熱交換手
段に伝わる際に、熱伝導性が小さいと熱交換手段の隅々
までこの熱エネルギーが伝わらず水を十分に暖められな
い場合があり、伝熱効率が悪くなることがある。熱伝導
性が良いと熱交換手段内が複雑形状となっても隅々まで
熱エネルギーが行き渡り効率良く温水生成できる。According to this, the heating means and the heat exchanging means are thermally coupled, and when heat energy from the heating means is transmitted to the heat exchanging means, if the heat conductivity is small, the heat exchanging means can reach every corner of the heat exchanging means. In some cases, the heat energy may not be transmitted and the water may not be sufficiently heated, and the heat transfer efficiency may be deteriorated. If the heat conductivity is good, even if the inside of the heat exchange means has a complicated shape, heat energy can be distributed to every corner and hot water can be generated efficiently.

【００２６】熱伝導材料としては、銅、しんちゅうなど
の銅基合金、アルミ、ステンレスなどの鉄基合金、チタ
ン合金、ニッケル合金、フッ化グラファイトなど好適に
使用できる。As the heat conductive material, copper-based alloys such as copper and brass, iron-based alloys such as aluminum and stainless steel, titanium alloys, nickel alloys and graphite fluoride can be suitably used.

【００２７】第８の発明では、熱交換手段の少なくとも
水と接する最表面が耐食材料で形成されたことを特徴と
する第１の発明乃至第７の発明のいずれかに記載の温水
手段を提供する。According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein at least the outermost surface of the heat exchange means in contact with water is formed of a corrosion resistant material. I do.

【００２８】これによれば、長期間の使用でも孔食など
による漏水がなく、これによって引き起こされる漏電な
どなく安全に使用できる。耐食材料としては、銅基、鉄
基、チタン基、ニッケル基、Ｓｎ基、フッ化ニッケルな
どやＰｔ、Ａｕなどといった貴金属が好適に使用でき
る。According to this, even when used for a long time, there is no water leakage due to pitting corrosion and the like, and it can be used safely without electric leakage caused by this. As the corrosion resistant material, a noble metal such as a copper-based, iron-based, titanium-based, nickel-based, Sn-based, nickel-fluoride, Pt, or Au can be suitably used.

【００２９】また、熱交換手段全体が同一材料である必
要はなく、たとえば母材がアルミで水と接する最表面の
み耐食性に優れたＳＵＳにするといったこともできる。
これによって、アルミの持つ熱容量の少なさによる温度
の立ち上がりの良さや、加工性の良さによりローコスト
に作れる。最表層のみ耐食材料とする手段は、電気メッ
キ、溶融メッキ、溶射などのコーティング法やクラッド
法などが適宜使用できる。The entire heat exchange means does not need to be made of the same material. For example, the base material may be made of aluminum and only the outermost surface in contact with water may be made of SUS having excellent corrosion resistance.
This makes it possible to produce aluminum at low cost due to good temperature rise due to small heat capacity of aluminum and good workability. As a means for making the outermost layer a corrosion-resistant material, a coating method such as electroplating, hot-dip plating, or thermal spraying, or a cladding method can be used as appropriate.

【００３０】第９の発明では、熱交換手段が少なくとも
水と接する表面が電気絶縁材料で形成されたことを特徴
とする第１の発明乃至第８の発明のいずれかに記載の温
水手段を提供する。According to a ninth aspect, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein at least a surface of the heat exchange means in contact with water is formed of an electrically insulating material. I do.

【００３１】これによれば、万一加熱手段の電気絶縁機
能がブレークダウンした場合でも、加熱手段と水との電
気絶縁性を保て安全に使用でき漏電ブレーカーなどの付
加安全装置を省け、ローコスト化に寄与できる。電気絶
縁材料としては、アルミナ、ＳｉＣ、ＡＬＮ、ＢＮ、フ
ッ化グラファイトなど電気絶縁性だけでなく熱伝導性の
良い材料はさらに好適に使用できる。According to this, even in the event that the electrical insulation function of the heating means breaks down, the electrical insulation between the heating means and water can be maintained and used safely, and additional safety devices such as an earth leakage breaker can be omitted. Can contribute to As the electric insulating material, a material having not only an electric insulating property but also a heat conductive property such as alumina, SiC, ALN, BN, and graphite fluoride can be more preferably used.

【００３２】第１０の発明では、熱交換手段あるいは加
熱手段の任意の近傍に熱暴走防止手段を配設したことを
特徴とする第１の発明乃至第９の発明のいずれかに記載
の温水手段を提供する。In the tenth aspect, the hot water means according to any one of the first to ninth aspects is characterized in that a thermal runaway preventing means is provided at an arbitrary vicinity of the heat exchanging means or the heating means. I will provide a.

【００３３】これによれば、万一加熱手段、熱量制御手
段が何らかの理由で故障して熱暴走するような事態にな
っても、燃焼や漏電といった災害を未然に防げる。According to this, even in the event that the heating means and the calorie control means fail for some reason to cause thermal runaway, disasters such as combustion and electric leakage can be prevented beforehand.

【００３４】熱暴走防止手段としては、形状記憶合金、
バイメタル、サーマルリードスイッチ、ＰＴＣサーミス
タなど繰り返し動作復帰可能な手段を配設したことを特
徴とする。従来技術では出湯温度を測定するために熱交
換器ケーシングに孔をあけＯリングなどでシールして温
度検知を行っていた。本発明によれば、出湯温度と熱交
換器温度を略同一とできるので、直接水温を測る必要は
なく、万一の安全対策として熱交換器の出湯近傍やヒー
タ近傍に上記手段を配設することで対応でき、熱交換器
の製造工程、組立工程、部品点数を削減でき、コストダ
ウンが可能となる。As means for preventing thermal runaway, a shape memory alloy,
It is characterized in that means capable of returning operation repeatedly, such as a bimetal, a thermal reed switch and a PTC thermistor, are provided. In the prior art, a temperature was detected by making a hole in the heat exchanger casing and sealing it with an O-ring or the like to measure the tapping temperature. According to the present invention, since the tap water temperature and the heat exchanger temperature can be substantially the same, there is no need to directly measure the water temperature, and the above means is disposed near the tap water or the heater of the heat exchanger as a safety measure. Therefore, the manufacturing process, the assembly process, and the number of parts of the heat exchanger can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

【００３５】さらに熱暴走防止手段が温度ヒューズや電
流ヒューズ、バイメタルスイッチなどの動作自動復帰不
可能な手段を配設してもよい。動作復帰可能な手段と不
可能な手段を組み合わせて使用するのが好適である。Further, the means for preventing thermal runaway may be provided with means that cannot automatically return to operation, such as a temperature fuse, a current fuse, and a bimetal switch. It is preferable to use a combination of the means capable of returning the operation and the means impossible.

【００３６】第１１の発明では、加熱手段と熱交換手段
に蓄熱手段が熱結合されたことを特徴とする第１の発明
乃至第１０の発明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を提供す
る。According to an eleventh aspect, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the heat storage means is thermally coupled to the heating means and the heat exchange means.

【００３７】これによれば、特に均熱手段を利用すれば
蓄熱手段との熱の出し入れが速やかに行えるので、セミ
貯湯のように熱エネルギーのみ蓄熱し、温水が必要な時
に瞬間で温水を生成できるので、従来たとえば４０℃で
貯湯した場合などでは、１日も経てば雑菌が繁殖すると
いった不具合がなく、局部洗浄においては炎症を防止で
き衛生的に使用できる。蓄熱のみでもヒータ併用でもよ
い。また、通常の貯湯タンク容量よりコンパクト化でき
るので、放熱による熱エネルギーのロスが少なくでき省
エネとなる。According to this, heat can be quickly taken in and out of the heat storage means by using the heat equalizing means, so that only heat energy is stored as in semi-hot water storage, and hot water is generated instantaneously when hot water is required. Since it is possible, conventionally, when hot water is stored at, for example, 40 ° C., there is no problem that bacteria will propagate after one day, and in local washing, inflammation can be prevented and sanitary use is possible. Heat storage alone or a combination of heaters may be used. In addition, since the capacity can be made smaller than a normal hot water storage tank capacity, heat energy loss due to heat radiation can be reduced and energy can be saved.

【００３８】瞬間式においても、加熱手段の補助熱エネ
ルギーとして使える。例えば日本国内の一般家庭で使用
できる電力容量は１５００Ｗ以下のことが多く、おのず
と昇温可能温度は水量によって制限される。（たとえ
ば、１２００Ｗの電力で流量０．７Ｌ／分の水の昇温温
度範囲は入水温度プラス略２５℃であり、冬時期の入水
温度が５度以下の場合、出湯温度は３０℃にしか到達せ
ず物足りない場合がある。）本発明のように、蓄熱エネ
ルギーを速やかに取り出せれば、瞬間電力プラス蓄熱エ
ネルギー加熱で電力と蓄熱量に応じて、昇温範囲や水量
を設定できる。Also in the instantaneous method, it can be used as auxiliary heat energy of the heating means. For example, the power capacity that can be used in a general household in Japan is often 1500 W or less, and the temperature at which the temperature can be raised is naturally limited by the amount of water. (For example, the temperature rise temperature range of water at a flow rate of 0.7 L / min with an electric power of 1200 W is the inlet water temperature plus approximately 25 ° C., and when the incoming water temperature in winter is 5 ° C. or less, the outlet water temperature reaches only 30 ° C.) If the heat storage energy can be quickly taken out as in the present invention, the temperature rise range and the water amount can be set according to the power and the heat storage amount by the instantaneous power plus the heat storage energy heating.

【００３９】水道水の圧力の耐圧は熱交換手段のみでよ
く、蓄熱部は耐圧構造が必要なくローコスト化に寄与で
きる。特に、従来貯湯方式が大容量の場合には貯湯タン
クを耐圧構造にするとコスト並びに大きく重くなり実用
的でなかった。たとえば、従来の電気温水器などでは水
道圧を減圧し、ゲージ圧で1kg/cm2以下でしか使えず配
管が長くなったりして圧損があると所望の流量が得られ
なかった。圧力がほしい場合には、加圧ポンプを併用し
ていた。本発明によりこのような不具合を解消でき、使
用者は刺激感のある洗浄行為を行える。The pressure resistance of the tap water may be only the heat exchange means, and the heat storage section does not need a pressure resistance structure, which can contribute to cost reduction. In particular, when the conventional hot water storage system has a large capacity, if the hot water storage tank is made to have a pressure-resistant structure, the cost and the weight become large, which is not practical. For example, in a conventional electric water heater or the like, the tap water pressure is reduced and the gauge pressure can be used only at 1 kg / cm2 or less, and a desired flow rate cannot be obtained if there is a pressure loss due to a long pipe or the like. When pressure was desired, a pressurized pump was used together. According to the present invention, such a problem can be solved, and the user can perform a stimulating washing action.

【００４０】また、蓄熱槽は断熱保温できる構造が好ま
しい。たとえば、ステンレス製などの真空断熱壁を持っ
た容器であれば、一度所望の温水温度とすれば一昼夜以
上略一定の温度を保ち、従来保温のためのエネルギーが
ほぼ必要なくなる。これは、上記のように蓄熱槽が耐圧
構造である必要がないことから比較的にローコストで実
現できる。たとえば、熱交換手段を真空ロー付け法で組
立てる場合など、必然的に高真空中でロー付けするため
自ずと真空容器は作れることになる。The heat storage tank preferably has a structure capable of keeping heat adiabatic. For example, in the case of a container having a vacuum insulation wall made of stainless steel or the like, once the desired hot water temperature is reached, the temperature is maintained at a substantially constant level for more than one day and night, and almost no energy is conventionally required for keeping the temperature. This can be realized at a relatively low cost because the heat storage tank does not need to have a pressure-resistant structure as described above. For example, when assembling the heat exchange means by a vacuum brazing method, the vacuum vessel is naturally made because the brazing is necessarily performed in a high vacuum.

【００４１】第１２の発明では、蓄熱手段が潜熱蓄熱材
であることを特徴とする第１の発明乃至第１１の発明の
いずれかに記載の温水手段を提供する。According to a twelfth aspect, there is provided the hot water means according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, wherein the heat storage means is a latent heat storage material.

【００４２】これによれば、蓄熱材としては潜熱型を利
用すれば溶解時あるいは凝固時に略一定の温度とでき、
所望の温水温度とその温度と略同一にした熱交換手段と
あいまって一定温度の温水を供給できる。たとえば、パ
ラフィンは分子量を選べば略４０℃で溶融、凝固点を繰
り返すことができる。蓄熱槽中に均熱手段があれば、大
容量の蓄熱材とも速やかに熱の出し入れができ局部洗浄
装置だけにかぎらず、蓄熱瞬間式温水装置などに利用で
きる。According to this, if the latent heat type is used as the heat storage material, the temperature can be made substantially constant during melting or solidification,
Combined with the desired hot water temperature and heat exchange means having substantially the same temperature, it is possible to supply hot water at a constant temperature. For example, paraffin can be repeatedly melted and solidified at about 40 ° C. if the molecular weight is selected. If there is a soaking means in the heat storage tank, heat can be quickly taken in and out of a large-capacity heat storage material, so that it can be used not only for a local cleaning device but also for a heat storage instantaneous hot water device.

【００４３】また、過冷却型の蓄熱材を使えば一度溶解
させておけば、凝固点より温度が下がっても蓄熱材は固
まらずに過冷却の状態とでき、電気刺激や圧力、機械刺
激、温度刺激などを与えると凝固を開始し蓄熱した熱エ
ネルギーを放出し始める。これを利用すれば、保温の必
要がなく省エネ型蓄熱温水装置とできる。If a supercooling type heat storage material is used, once it is melted, even if the temperature falls below the freezing point, the heat storage material can be in a supercooled state without solidifying. When a stimulus or the like is given, it starts to coagulate and release the stored heat energy. If this is used, there is no need to keep the heat, and an energy-saving heat storage water heater can be obtained.

【００４４】第１３の発明では、熱交換手段の水と接す
る面の少なくとも最表面にＳｉ酸化物及び／又は炭酸Ｃ
ａなどで構成された水アカに対して、難付着性あるいは
易剥離性の層が形成されたことを特徴とする第１の発明
乃至第１２の発明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を提供す
る。In the thirteenth aspect, at least the outermost surface of the surface of the heat exchange means which is in contact with water is made of Si oxide and / or carbon dioxide C.
a hot water means according to any one of the first to twelfth inventions, characterized in that a hardly adherent or easily peelable layer is formed on the water scum composed of a or the like. .

【００４５】これによれば、熱交換手段の通水路の断面
面積を小さくできコンパクトな熱交換手段とすることが
できる。難付着性あるいは易剥離性の層としては、シリ
コーン系、フッ素系、フルオロアルキル基を有するシラ
ン化合物などや溶融Ｓｎメッキなどが好適に使用でき
る。これらの材料の持つ特性として、その表面エネルギ
ーが低く他の物質と接しても互いに引き合う力が弱く、
付きにくくまた付いてもとれやすくなる性質を利用した
ものである。長期間使用時の水アカ等のスケール付着に
よる熱伝達効率の低下を未然に防げる。According to this, the cross-sectional area of the water passage of the heat exchanging means can be reduced, and the heat exchanging means can be made compact. As the hardly adherent or easily peelable layer, a silicone-based, fluorine-based, silane compound having a fluoroalkyl group, or a molten Sn plating can be preferably used. As a property of these materials, their surface energy is low and even if they come into contact with other substances, their attraction is weak,
It utilizes the property that it is difficult to attach and that it is easy to remove. The heat transfer efficiency can be prevented from lowering due to the adhesion of scales such as water deposits during long-term use.

【００４６】第１４の発明では、温水手段の前段にプレ
フィルタを配設したことを特徴とする第１の発明乃至第
１３の発明のいずれかに記載の温水装置を提供する。According to a fourteenth aspect, there is provided the hot water apparatus according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, wherein a pre-filter is provided in front of the hot water means.

【００４７】これによれば、上水、井水や大便器洗浄用
の貯水タンクの水をポンプ加圧して流れ込んできた赤さ
び、配管工事時などの金属片、スライムやカビなどの微
生物由来の異物などをトラップでき熱交換器の通水路の
詰まりを未然に防げる。また、適宜フィルタのクリーニ
ングができるように脱着できる構造が使用できる。プレ
フィルタとしては、金属金網メッシュ、焼結金属多孔
体、フェルト状金属などや、その他有機樹脂製でも適宜
使用できる。Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ａｇなど抗菌機能を有した成
分を含んだ金属が好適である。あるいは、抗菌剤として
抗菌金属、無機系抗菌剤、有機系抗菌剤を含んだ樹脂で
も良い。抗菌機能付与によりフィルタ面での菌の増殖を
抑制でき、たとえばフィルタ面でスライムが発生しフィ
ルタが目詰まりするといったトラブルを未然に防止でき
る。According to this, red rust which has been pumped into water in a water tank for well water or a toilet tank for flushing toilet bowl, metal flakes at the time of plumbing work, and foreign matter derived from microorganisms such as slime and mold. Can be trapped to prevent clogging of the water passage of the heat exchanger. Further, a structure that can be attached and detached so that the filter can be appropriately cleaned can be used. As the pre-filter, a metal wire mesh, a sintered metal porous body, a felt-like metal, or the like, or other organic resin can be used as appropriate. A metal containing a component having an antibacterial function, such as Cu, Zn, or Ag, is preferable. Alternatively, a resin containing an antibacterial metal, an inorganic antibacterial agent, and an organic antibacterial agent may be used. By providing the antibacterial function, the growth of bacteria on the filter surface can be suppressed, and for example, troubles such as generation of slime on the filter surface and clogging of the filter can be prevented.

【００４８】第１５の発明では、第１の発明乃至第１４
の発明のいずれかに記載の温水手段を備えた局部洗浄装
置を提供する。In the fifteenth invention, the first to fourteenth inventions
A local cleaning device provided with the hot water means according to any one of the inventions.

【００４９】これによれば、コンパクトが要求されるト
イレ空間の、しかも便座に組み込まれた温水洗浄便座に
おいては好適である。According to this, it is suitable for a toilet seat where compactness is required, and for a hot water flush toilet seat incorporated in a toilet seat.

【００５０】また、近年洗浄水の節水化、高機能化、た
とえばマッサージ機能などは、水流を間欠状に供給する
ことで局部近辺を刺激し便意促進効果をもたらす。局部
は、温度に対して他の部位に比べて鋭敏な感覚を持ち、
安定した温水温度の維持が必要で、水流が間欠状など急
激に変化し温水温度を安定に制御するには高度な制御が
不可欠であった。そのため、高価な電子制御手段を搭載
した高価な装置となっていた。本発明によれば、熱交換
器温度と出湯温度を略同一とすることも可能で簡便でロ
ーコストな制御で安定した水温が供給できる利点があ
る。In recent years, water-saving and high-functionality of washing water, for example, a massage function, etc., stimulates the vicinity of a local area by intermittently supplying a water flow, thereby bringing about an effect of promoting convenience. The local part has a more sensitive sense of temperature than other parts,
It was necessary to maintain a stable hot water temperature, and the water flow changed suddenly, such as intermittently, and advanced control was essential to stably control the hot water temperature. Therefore, it has been an expensive device equipped with expensive electronic control means. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the heat exchanger temperature and the tap water temperature can also be made substantially the same, and there exists an advantage that a stable water temperature can be supplied by simple and low-cost control.

【００５１】また、本発明に係る構成要件と、前記各発
明に係る構成要件とを適宜組み合わせることにより、そ
れらの効果を併せ持った温水手段を備えた局部洗浄装置
を提供することもできる。Further, by appropriately combining the constituent elements according to the present invention and the constituent elements according to the above-mentioned inventions, it is also possible to provide a local cleaning apparatus provided with a hot water means having these effects.

【００５２】その他、本発明を利用した温水装置として
は、これに限らず大便器、小便器の洗浄、各種人体洗浄
用、食器洗浄機などに好適に使用できる。また、本装置
の構成の加熱手段を冷却手段とすれば、逆に効率のよい
冷水装置ともできる。冷水と温水を交互に使用して血行
促進などに好適に使用できる。In addition, the hot water apparatus utilizing the present invention is not limited to this, and can be suitably used for washing toilet bowls and urinals, for washing various human bodies, dishwashers, and the like. Further, if the heating means having the configuration of the present apparatus is a cooling means, it is possible to provide an efficient cooling water apparatus. It can be suitably used for promoting blood circulation by alternately using cold water and hot water.

【００５３】[0053]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の局部洗浄装置用の
温水装置について説明する。なお、局部洗浄装置の構成
は従来より周知であるため、図示および詳細は省略す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a hot water device for a local cleaning device according to the present invention will be described. It should be noted that the configuration of the local cleaning device is well known in the related art, and thus illustration and details are omitted.

【００５４】（温水装置の第一実施例）図１、２に本発
明の局部洗浄装置用の温水装置の概要を示す。(First Embodiment of Hot Water Device) FIGS. 1 and 2 show an outline of a hot water device for a local cleaning device according to the present invention.

【００５５】図１は、温水装置の外観図で入水口２より
水が供給され筒状の熱交換手段４中を流れ出湯口３より
温水として取り出せる。その過程で平板状ＰＴＣヒータ
ー１が熱交換器４の両面に熱結合されている。熱結合の
方法は、伝熱グリースや伝熱接着材で固着させてもよ
い。また、ハンダなどで接合してもよい。本構成では、
ＰＴＣヒーターを人体に危険でない温度で使用するの
で、有機質の材料が利用できる。FIG. 1 is an external view of a water heater, in which water is supplied from a water inlet 2, flows through a cylindrical heat exchange means 4, and can be taken out as hot water from a water outlet 3. In the process, the flat PTC heater 1 is thermally bonded to both surfaces of the heat exchanger 4. The method of thermal bonding may be fixed by heat transfer grease or heat transfer adhesive. Also, they may be joined with solder or the like. In this configuration,
Since the PTC heater is used at a temperature that is not dangerous to the human body, organic materials can be used.

【００５６】図２は、熱交換器内部を示す構成部品図
で、筒状の熱交換器を構成する部材５、７間に通水路を
形成する波板６が不連続に挿入されている。これら部材
５、６、７は、たとえば銅製でロー付け法で強固に固定
されている。また、銅製にかぎらずＳＵＳでも利用でき
る。また、セラミックヒータなど電気絶縁性の材料を使
った物では、直接水と接する構造をとっても良い。ま
た、本実施例では入水口を下面に、出湯口を上面の例を
示したが、適宜設計すればよく、たとえば、両方とも上
面、両方とも下面、あるいは、入水口２を上面、出湯口
３を下面でもよい。また、入水口２、出湯口３の位置も
熱交換器本体４の横幅方向（水の流れと直角方向）の略
中央である必要はなく、どちらか側に寄っていてもよ
い。特に、熱交換器本体４を横向きに配設した場合な
ど、側面側にあると水抜き時に好適に設計できる。FIG. 2 is a structural diagram showing the inside of the heat exchanger, in which a corrugated plate 6 forming a water passage is intermittently inserted between members 5 and 7 constituting a cylindrical heat exchanger. These members 5, 6, 7 are made of, for example, copper and are firmly fixed by a brazing method. In addition, not only copper but also SUS can be used. In the case of a material using an electrically insulating material such as a ceramic heater, a structure that directly contacts water may be used. Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which the water inlet is on the lower surface and the outlet is on the upper surface is shown. However, it may be designed appropriately, for example, both upper surfaces, both lower surfaces, or the water inlet 2 is the upper surface and the outlet 3 is provided. May be the lower surface. Further, the positions of the water inlet 2 and the outlet 3 need not be substantially at the center of the heat exchanger main body 4 in the width direction (perpendicular to the flow of water), and may be located on either side. In particular, when the heat exchanger main body 4 is disposed sideways, if it is on the side surface, it can be suitably designed when draining water.

【００５７】図３、４、５、６は、本発明の熱交換手段
内部の不連続に形成した通水路の断面形状の例を示す。FIGS. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show examples of the cross-sectional shape of a discontinuously formed water passage inside the heat exchange means of the present invention.

【００５８】図３は、本発明の温水手段の例を示す図２
に図示される波板６を取り出して不連続に多数配設した
ことを説明する図である。波板の各頂点が水の流れ方向
に対して、重ならないようにシフトして配設した。これ
によって、水は不連続な通水路断面で乱流状になる。FIG. 3 shows an example of the hot water means of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining that a large number of corrugated sheets 6 are taken out and arranged discontinuously. The vertices of the corrugated sheet were shifted so as not to overlap with the flow direction of water. As a result, the water becomes turbulent in a discontinuous channel section.

【００５９】図４は、不連続に多数配設された通水路の
構成部品のその他として矩形の通水路形状の例を示す図
である。通水路断面形状が矩形の場合には、その断面の
長辺／短辺比が大きいほど熱伝達効率がよくなる。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the shape of a rectangular water passage as another component of the water passage that is provided discontinuously in large numbers. When the cross section of the water passage is rectangular, the heat transfer efficiency increases as the ratio of the long side / short side of the cross section increases.

【００６０】図５に、図４での水の流れを例示した。通
水路が不連続に形成されているので、流れる水は個々分
岐して流れる。さらに、不連続な端部によって、流れが
かき乱され略乱流の状態となり、伝熱効率の向上に寄与
する。FIG. 5 illustrates the flow of water in FIG. Since the water passage is formed discontinuously, the flowing water branches and flows individually. In addition, the discontinuous end disturbs the flow, resulting in a substantially turbulent flow, which contributes to an improvement in heat transfer efficiency.

【００６１】図６は、不連続に形成された構成部品６の
拡大図であり、その端部にバリ状の突起を有している例
を示す。このような、バリ様突起により水の流れが乱さ
れ、略乱流の様態となり、該部位より水の流れの下流に
おける通水路の水と接する略近傍をかき乱し、伝熱効率
が向上する。バリ様突起は、端部のみならず、通水路内
に多数あってもよい。また、通水路の壁が、その隣り合
わせた通水路との間で貫通する構造でもよい。この場
合、貫通部分の面積が通水路内の通水を遮る邪魔板とし
て作用すれば、伝熱面積を確保したまま通水がさらにか
き乱され乱流促進して効果的である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the component 6 formed discontinuously, and shows an example having a burr-like projection at an end thereof. The flow of water is disturbed by such burr-like projections, resulting in a substantially turbulent flow, and the vicinity of the water flow passage downstream from the portion in contact with the water is disturbed, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved. A plurality of burr-like projections may be provided not only at the end but also in the water passage. Further, a structure in which the wall of the water passage penetrates between adjacent water passages may be employed. In this case, if the area of the penetrating portion acts as a baffle plate that blocks the flow of water in the water passage, the flow of water is further disturbed while the heat transfer area is secured, and turbulence is promoted, which is effective.

【００６２】図７は、所望の温水温度と熱交換手段の温
度が略同一を説明する概念図である。図において、横軸
が通水路長の総和を、縦軸が温水温度を示しており、通
水路長が長くなるほど温水温度が上昇し、熱交換手段の
壁面温度に近づいていく。通水路長の総和をある程度長
く設計することで、通水路壁温を所望の温水温度と略同
一とできる。これによって、熱交換手段内の最大温度が
所望の温水温度と略同一なことから本質的に安全な温水
装置とできる。また、通水路長の総和を適宜設計するこ
とで、熱交換手段内の通水路壁温と所望の温水温度とが
ある程度の温度差を保持してなるようにも設計できる。FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram explaining that the desired hot water temperature and the temperature of the heat exchange means are substantially the same. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents the sum of the water passage lengths, and the vertical axis represents the hot water temperature. As the water passage length increases, the warm water temperature rises and approaches the wall surface temperature of the heat exchange means. By designing the total length of the water passages to be somewhat longer, the water passage wall temperature can be made substantially the same as the desired hot water temperature. Thereby, since the maximum temperature in the heat exchange means is substantially the same as the desired hot water temperature, an essentially safe hot water device can be obtained. By appropriately designing the sum of the lengths of the water passages, it is possible to design such that a certain temperature difference is maintained between the wall temperature of the water passage in the heat exchange means and the desired hot water temperature.

【００６３】（温水装置の第二実施例）図８は、本発明
にかかる温水装置の第二実施例を示すグラフである。本
グラフにおいて、熱交換手段を構成する部品は、銅製で
平面部７、８の肉厚１ｍｍ、これら上下面間に各々通水
路断面積が矩形の高さ、横幅とも１ｍｍで、長さ１２０
ｍｍの細い通水路を並列に多数個形成した。各通水路間
は０．１ｍｍの肉厚とした。この熱交換器の上面のみに
ヒータを配設し、加熱量制御として、投入電力量は上面
が４０、４５、５０℃一定になるように１２００Ｗの範
囲内で温度制御した。入水温度１５℃、入水流量０．７
Ｌ／分、通水路の本数をそれぞれ設定した時の出湯温度
を評価した。(Second Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) FIG. 8 is a graph showing a second embodiment of the water heating apparatus according to the present invention. In this graph, the components constituting the heat exchange means are made of copper and have a thickness of 1 mm for the flat portions 7 and 8, a cross-sectional area of a water passage between these upper and lower surfaces is a rectangular height, a width of 1 mm, and a length of 120 mm.
A large number of narrow water passages of mm were formed in parallel. The thickness between the water passages was 0.1 mm. A heater was provided only on the upper surface of the heat exchanger, and the heating power was controlled within a range of 1200 W so that the applied electric power was constant at 40, 45, and 50 ° C. Incoming water temperature 15 ° C, incoming water flow 0.7
The tapping temperature when L / min and the number of water passages were set was evaluated.

【００６４】評価結果を図８に示す。図中横軸は、長さ
１２０ｍｍの細い矩形の通水路を並列に多数個形成した
時の一本の通水路長に並列に形成された通水路の個数を
乗じた通水路長の総和を表している。比較例とは、通水
路断面積が矩形の高さ、横幅とも１ｍｍで、連続した通
水路の場合であり、壁温を４０℃となるようにした。壁
温４０、４５、５０℃とは、通水路断面積が矩形の高
さ、横幅とも１ｍｍで、長さ１０ｍｍ毎に不連続となっ
ている場合を示している。個々の不連続な通水路間は、
端部のバリのため略０．１〜０．５ｍｍ程度離れてい
る。この空間によりさらに乱流促進すると考えられる。
グラフからわかるように、出湯温度が一定の時、通水路
が連続に内設された比較例に比べて、本実施例では略乱
流促進によって熱交換効率が向上し、短い通水路長の総
和でもよいことがわかる。一方、本発明においても、通
水路長の総和が長くなるにつれて、出湯温度が上昇して
いることがわかる。FIG. 8 shows the evaluation results. The horizontal axis in the figure represents the sum of the water channel lengths obtained by multiplying the number of the water channels formed in parallel by the length of one water channel when a large number of narrow rectangular water channels having a length of 120 mm are formed in parallel. ing. The comparative example is a case of a continuous water passage having a water passage cross-sectional area of 1 mm in both rectangular height and width, and the wall temperature was set to 40 ° C. The wall temperatures of 40, 45, and 50 ° C. indicate a case where the cross-sectional area of the water passage is 1 mm in both height and width of the rectangle and is discontinuous every 10 mm in length. Between individual discontinuous waterways,
Because of the burrs at the ends, they are separated by about 0.1 to 0.5 mm. It is believed that this space further promotes turbulence.
As can be seen from the graph, when the tap water temperature is constant, compared with the comparative example in which the water passage is continuously provided, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by the substantially turbulent flow promotion in the present embodiment, and the sum of the short water passage lengths is increased. It turns out that it is OK. On the other hand, also in the present invention, it can be seen that the tapping temperature increases as the sum total of the water passage lengths increases.

【００６５】（温水装置の第三実施例）図９は、本発明
にかかる温水装置の第三実施例を示すグラフである。本
グラフにおいて、熱交換手段を構成する部品は、銅製で
平面部７、８の肉厚１ｍｍ、これら上下面間に各々通水
路断面積が矩形の高さ５ｍｍ、横幅０．５ｍｍで、長さ
１２０ｍｍの細い通水路を並列に多数個形成した。各通
水路間は０．１ｍｍの肉厚とした。この熱交換器の両面
にヒータを配設し、加熱量制御として、投入電力量は上
面が４０℃一定になるように１２００Ｗの範囲内で温度
制御した。入水温度１５℃、入水流量０．７Ｌ／分、通
水路の本数をそれぞれ設定した時の出湯温度を評価し
た。(Third Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) FIG. 9 is a graph showing a third embodiment of the water heating apparatus according to the present invention. In this graph, the components constituting the heat exchange means are made of copper and have a thickness of 1 mm for the plane portions 7 and 8, a cross section of the water passage between these upper and lower surfaces is 5 mm in height, 0.5 mm in width and 0.5 mm in length. Many thin water passages of 120 mm were formed in parallel. The thickness between the water passages was 0.1 mm. Heaters were arranged on both sides of the heat exchanger, and the amount of electric power supplied was controlled within the range of 1200 W so that the upper surface was constant at 40 ° C. as the heating amount control. The outlet temperature was evaluated when the inlet water temperature was set at 15 ° C., the inlet water flow rate was 0.7 L / min, and the number of water passages was set.

【００６６】評価結果を図９に示す。図中横軸は、長さ
１２０ｍｍの細い矩形の通水路を並列に多数個形成した
時の一本の通水路長に並列に形成された通水路の個数を
乗じた通水路長の総和を表している。比較例とは、通水
路断面積が矩形の高さ５ｍｍ、横幅０．５ｍｍで、連続
した通水路の場合であり、壁温を４０℃となるようにし
た。壁温４０℃とは、通水路断面積が矩形の高さ５ｍ
ｍ、横幅０．５ｍｍで、長さ１０ｍｍ毎に不連続となっ
ている場合を示している。個々の不連続な通水路間は、
端部のバリのため略０．１〜０．５ｍｍ程度離れてい
る。この空間によりさらに乱流促進すると考えられる。
グラフからわかるように、出湯温度が一定の時、通水路
が連続に内設された比較例に比べて、本実施例では略乱
流促進によって熱交換効率が向上し、短い通水路長の総
和でもよいことがわかる。一方、本発明においても、通
水路長の総和が長くなるにつれて、出湯温度が上昇して
いることがわかる。FIG. 9 shows the evaluation results. The horizontal axis in the figure represents the sum of the water channel lengths obtained by multiplying the number of the water channels formed in parallel by the length of one water channel when a large number of narrow rectangular water channels having a length of 120 mm are formed in parallel. ing. The comparative example is a case of a continuous water passage having a water passage cross-sectional area of a rectangular shape having a height of 5 mm and a width of 0.5 mm, and the wall temperature was set to 40 ° C. The wall temperature of 40 ° C means that the cross section of the water channel is 5m in height.
m, a width of 0.5 mm, and a discontinuity every 10 mm. Between individual discontinuous waterways,
Because of the burrs at the ends, they are separated by about 0.1 to 0.5 mm. It is believed that this space further promotes turbulence.
As can be seen from the graph, when the tap water temperature is constant, compared with the comparative example in which the water passage is continuously provided, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by the substantially turbulent flow promotion in the present embodiment, and the sum of the short water passage lengths is increased. It turns out that it is OK. On the other hand, also in the present invention, it can be seen that the tapping temperature increases as the sum total of the water passage lengths increases.

【００６７】（温水装置の第四実施例）図１０は、本発
明にかかる温水装置の第四実施例を示すグラフである。
本グラフにおいて、熱交換手段を構成する部品は、銅製
で平面部７、８の肉厚１ｍｍ、これら上下面間に各々通
水路断面積が矩形の高さ０．５ｍｍ、横幅５０ｍｍで、
長さ１２０ｍｍの細い通水路を並列に多数個形成した。
各通水路間は０．１ｍｍの肉厚とした。この熱交換器の
両面にヒータを配設し、加熱量制御として、投入電力量
は上面が４０、４５℃に一定になるように１２００Ｗの
範囲内で温度制御した。入水温度１５℃、入水流量０．
７Ｌ／分、通水路の本数をそれぞれ設定した時の出湯温
度を評価した。(Fourth Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) FIG. 10 is a graph showing a fourth embodiment of the water heating apparatus according to the present invention.
In this graph, the components constituting the heat exchange means are made of copper, and have a thickness of 1 mm for the flat portions 7 and 8, a cross section of the water passage between these upper and lower surfaces is 0.5 mm in height and 50 mm in width, respectively.
A large number of narrow water passages having a length of 120 mm were formed in parallel.
The thickness between the water passages was 0.1 mm. Heaters were provided on both sides of this heat exchanger, and the amount of electric power supplied was controlled within a range of 1200 W so that the upper surface was constant at 40 and 45 ° C. as a heating amount control. Incoming water temperature 15 ° C, incoming water flow rate 0.
The tapping temperature when the number of water passages was set at 7 L / min was evaluated.

【００６８】評価結果を図１０に示す。図中横軸は、長
さ１２０ｍｍの細い矩形の通水路を並列に多数個形成し
た時の一本の通水路長に並列に形成された通水路の個数
を乗じた通水路長の総和を表している。比較例とは、通
水路断面積が矩形の高さ０．５ｍｍ、横幅５０ｍｍで、
連続した通水路の場合であり、壁温を４０℃となるよう
にした。壁温４０、４５℃とは、通水路断面積が矩形の
高さ０．５ｍｍ、横幅５０ｍｍで、長さ５ｍｍ毎に不連
続となっている場合を示している。個々の不連続な通水
路間は、端部のバリのため略０．１〜０．５ｍｍ程度離
れている。この空間によりさらに乱流促進すると考えら
れる。グラフからわかるように、出湯温度が一定の時、
通水路が連続に内設された比較例に比べて、本実施例で
は略乱流促進によって熱交換効率が向上し、短い通水路
長の総和でもよいことがわかる。一方、本発明において
も、通水路長の総和が長くなるにつれて、出湯温度が上
昇していることがわかる。FIG. 10 shows the evaluation results. The horizontal axis in the figure represents the sum of the water channel lengths obtained by multiplying the number of the water channels formed in parallel by the length of one water channel when a large number of narrow rectangular water channels having a length of 120 mm are formed in parallel. ing. With the comparative example, the cross-sectional area of the water passage is rectangular height 0.5 mm, width 50 mm,
This was a case of a continuous water passage, and the wall temperature was set to 40 ° C. The wall temperatures of 40 and 45 ° C. indicate a case where the cross section of the water passage is 0.5 mm in height, 50 mm in width, and discontinuous every 5 mm in length. The distance between the individual discontinuous water passages is approximately 0.1 to 0.5 mm because of the burrs at the ends. It is believed that this space further promotes turbulence. As can be seen from the graph, when the tapping temperature is constant,
Compared to the comparative example in which the water passages are continuously provided, the heat exchange efficiency is improved in the present embodiment by substantially promoting the turbulent flow, and it can be seen that the short water passage length may be a total sum. On the other hand, also in the present invention, it can be seen that the tapping temperature increases as the sum total of the water passage lengths increases.

【００６９】（温水装置の第五実施例）さらに、図１０
には、本発明にかかる温水装置の第五実施例も示す。前
記と同様に、熱交換手段を構成する部品は、銅製で平面
部７、８の肉厚１ｍｍ、これら上下面間に各々通水路断
面積が矩形の高さ０．０４ｍｍ、横幅５０ｍｍで、長さ
１２０ｍｍの細い通水路を並列に多数個形成した。各通
水路間は０．１ｍｍの肉厚とした。この熱交換器の両面
にヒータを配設し、加熱量制御として、投入電力量は上
面が４０、４５℃に一定になるように１２００Ｗの範囲
内で温度制御した。入水温度１５℃、入水流量０．７Ｌ
／分、通水路の本数をそれぞれ設定した時の出湯温度を
評価した。(Fifth Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) Further, FIG.
5 shows a fifth embodiment of the water heater according to the present invention. Similarly to the above, the components constituting the heat exchange means are made of copper and have a thickness of 1 mm for the flat portions 7 and 8, a cross section of the water passage between these upper and lower surfaces is 0.04 mm in height, 50 mm in width and 50 mm in width. Many thin water passages having a length of 120 mm were formed in parallel. The thickness between the water passages was 0.1 mm. Heaters were provided on both sides of this heat exchanger, and the amount of electric power supplied was controlled within a range of 1200 W so that the upper surface was constant at 40 and 45 ° C. as a heating amount control. Incoming water temperature 15 ℃, incoming water flow 0.7L
/ Min, the tapping temperature when the number of water passages was set, respectively, was evaluated.

【００７０】評価結果を図１０に示す。図中横軸は、長
さ１２０ｍｍの細い矩形の通水路を並列に多数個形成し
た時の一本の通水路長に並列に形成された通水路の個数
を乗じた通水路長の総和を表している。比較例とは、通
水路断面積が矩形の高さ０．０４ｍｍ、横幅５０ｍｍ
で、連続した通水路の場合であり、壁温を４０℃となる
ようにした。壁温４０、４５℃とは、通水路断面積が矩
形の高さ０．０４ｍｍ、横幅５０ｍｍで、長さ２ｍｍ毎
に不連続となっている場合を示している。個々の不連続
な通水路間は、端部のバリのため略０．１ｍｍ程度離れ
ている。この空間によりさらに乱流促進すると考えられ
る。グラフからわかるように、出湯温度が一定の時、通
水路が連続に内設された比較例に比べて、本実施例では
略乱流促進によって熱交換効率が向上し、短い通水路長
の総和でも３０〜４０℃にでき、適宜設計によって所望
の温水温度とするようにすればよい。一方、本発明にお
いても、通水路長の総和が長くなるにつれて、出湯温度
が上昇していることがわかる。FIG. 10 shows the evaluation results. The horizontal axis in the figure represents the sum of the water channel lengths obtained by multiplying the number of the water channels formed in parallel by the length of one water channel when a large number of narrow rectangular water channels having a length of 120 mm are formed in parallel. ing. The comparative example is that the cross-sectional area of the water passage has a rectangular height of 0.04 mm and a width of 50 mm.
This is a case of a continuous water passage, and the wall temperature was set to 40 ° C. The wall temperature of 40 and 45 ° C. indicates a case where the cross section of the water passage is 0.04 mm in height and 50 mm in width, and discontinuous every 2 mm in length. Individual discontinuous water passages are separated by about 0.1 mm due to burrs at the ends. It is believed that this space further promotes turbulence. As can be seen from the graph, when the tap water temperature is constant, compared with the comparative example in which the water passage is continuously provided, the heat exchange efficiency is improved by the substantially turbulent flow promotion in the present embodiment, and the sum of the short water passage lengths is increased. However, the temperature can be set to 30 to 40 ° C., and a desired hot water temperature may be set by an appropriate design. On the other hand, also in the present invention, it can be seen that the tapping temperature increases as the sum total of the water passage lengths increases.

【００７１】（温水装置の第六実施例）図１１は、通水
路のその他の例を示す。図１１において、図中記号９は
平板を上視した図であり、図中記号１０、１１、１２は
端部より見た図である。熱伝達可能な材料、たとえば、
銅製の平板１０の片面に矩形の溝を並列に多数斜行して
形成し、これと斜行方向が違う同様な平板１２と溝同士
がクロスするようにロー付けなどで結合させた通水路１
１を形成した。これを複数不連続に水流方向に配設し、
さらに乱流を促進させることができる。(Sixth Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) FIG. 11 shows another example of the water passage. In FIG. 11, the symbol 9 in the figure is a view when the flat plate is viewed upward, and the symbols 10, 11, and 12 in the figure are views as viewed from the end. Heat transferable materials, for example,
A water channel 1 formed by forming a large number of rectangular grooves in parallel on one surface of a copper flat plate 10 in parallel to each other, and connecting the similar flat plates 12 having different diagonal directions to the grooves by brazing or the like.
1 was formed. A plurality of these are arranged discontinuously in the water flow direction,
Further, turbulence can be promoted.

【００７２】（温水装置の第七実施例）図１２は、温水
手段のその他の例を示す。入水口２より入水した水は、
熱交換手段本体４内に配設された通水路内を流れる。自
己温度制御手段１４の発熱による熱エネルギーが、均熱
手段１３により均熱化され、熱交換手段４に伝わる。こ
の熱エネルギーが通水路の壁面で水と接し、温水を生成
する。均熱手段により、熱交換手段の温度は略同一とで
きる。とくに、セラミック製加熱手段などでは大きなサ
イズとなると組み合わせる熱交換手段との熱膨張差でセ
ラミックが割れてしまう問題や両者の表面は微妙にうね
り完全に接触しない場合が多く、熱がうまく熱交換手段
に伝わらないだけでなくヒートスポットができその箇所
だけ異常加熱する場合がある。これらの対策として好適
に利用できる。(Seventh Embodiment of Hot Water Device) FIG. 12 shows another example of the hot water means. The water that has entered through inlet 2
It flows through a water passage provided in the heat exchange means main body 4. The heat energy by the heat generated by the self-temperature control means 14 is soaked by the soaking means 13 and transmitted to the heat exchange means 4. This heat energy comes into contact with water on the wall of the water passage to generate hot water. The temperature of the heat exchange means can be made substantially the same by the heat equalizing means. In particular, in the case of ceramic heating means, if the size becomes large, the ceramic will crack due to the difference in thermal expansion with the heat exchange means combined, and the surfaces of both will swell delicately in many cases, and the heat will not be completely contacted. In some cases, heat spots are formed and the spots are abnormally heated. It can be suitably used as these countermeasures.

【００７３】均熱手段としては、熱伝導率の良い銅、グ
ラファイト、アルミやＢＮ、ＡＬＮ、ＳｉＣ、フッ化グ
ラファイトなど電気絶縁性と熱良導性を兼ね備えた材料
も用いてもよいし、ヒートパイプのようにさらに熱伝
導、熱輸送性の高い手段を用いれば好適である。特に、
ループ式のような平板状にでき均熱輸送ができるものが
好適である。As the heat equalizing means, a material having both electric insulation and good thermal conductivity such as copper, graphite, aluminum, BN, ALN, SiC, and graphite fluoride having good thermal conductivity may be used. It is preferable to use a means having higher heat conduction and heat transportability such as a pipe. In particular,
It is preferable to use a plate having a flat plate shape such as a loop type and capable of transporting heat uniformly.

【００７４】（温水装置の第八実施例）図１３は、本発
明のその他の例で蓄熱手段と組み合わせた例である。加
熱手段１に熱結合された熱交換手段４上にさらに蓄熱槽
１６が熱結合されている。さらに、蓄熱槽１６内は均熱
手段１５が配設され、加熱手段１に熱結合された熱交換
手段４からの熱エネルギーを均熱手段１５が、蓄熱槽１
６内の蓄熱材に速やかに熱を伝える役割を担っている。
蓄熱槽１６が小容量の場合には、この均熱手段１５は省
略もできるが、大容量になるほどその効果は大きくな
る。(Eighth Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) FIG. 13 shows another example of the present invention in which the apparatus is combined with a heat storage means. A heat storage tank 16 is further thermally coupled to the heat exchange means 4 thermally coupled to the heating means 1. Further, a heat equalizing means 15 is provided in the heat storage tank 16, and the heat energy from the heat exchange means 4 thermally coupled to the heating means 1 is used by the heat equalizing means 15.
6 plays a role in quickly transmitting heat to the heat storage material.
When the heat storage tank 16 has a small capacity, the heat equalizing means 15 can be omitted, but the effect increases as the capacity increases.

【００７５】（温水装置の第九実施例）図１４は、本発
明のその他の例で通水路が連続した壁でなく分散状に配
設され、水は分散状に配設された壁１８間をぬうように
蛇行しながら流れ、通水路長の総長を長くできる。さら
に中央に近づくほど壁間は狭まることで、通水路断面の
長辺／短辺比が増加し、さらに、流速が増し効率よく伝
熱できる。なお、これらの実施例に限定されず適宜利用
できるし、組み合わせて利用しても良い。また、局部洗
浄装置以外の温水装置にも利用可能である。(Ninth Embodiment of Water Heating Apparatus) FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the water passages are arranged not in a continuous wall but in a dispersed manner, and water is distributed between the walls 18 arranged in a dispersed manner. The water can flow in a meandering manner, increasing the total length of the water channel. Further, as the distance between the walls becomes closer to the center, the ratio of the long side / short side of the cross section of the water passage increases, and the flow velocity increases, so that heat can be transferred efficiently. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can be used as appropriate, or may be used in combination. Further, the present invention can be used for a hot water device other than the local cleaning device.

【００７６】[0076]

【発明の効果】以上説明したような構成により、本発明
は、加熱手段と、加熱量制御手段と、入水口と出湯口と
が連通した筒状の内部で通水路を不連続とすることで略
乱流の状態で通水し、かつ該出湯口から吐出する温水温
度と熱交換手段の温度が略同一、あるいは、ある温度差
の中で保持してなるように設計された熱交換手段とを備
えたことなどによりローコストで安全性、信頼性の高い
局部洗浄装置用の温水装置を提供することが可能となっ
た。According to the structure described above, the present invention provides a heating means, a heating amount control means, and a discontinuous water passage in a cylindrical shape in which a water inlet and a water outlet communicate with each other. The heat exchange means is designed such that the water is passed in a substantially turbulent state, and the temperature of the hot water and the temperature of the heat exchange means discharged from the tap are substantially the same, or maintained within a certain temperature difference. Thus, it has become possible to provide a low-cost, highly safe and reliable hot water device for a local cleaning device.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】 本発明の一態様の例を示す外観図である。FIG. 1 is an external view illustrating an example of one embodiment of the present invention.

【図２】 本発明の一態様の例を示す分解図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded view illustrating an example of one embodiment of the present invention.

【図３】 本発明の一態様の熱交換器内に内設して伝熱
可能な乱流促進手段を兼ねた通水路の例を示す。FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a water passage provided inside a heat exchanger of one embodiment of the present invention and also serving as a turbulence promoting unit capable of conducting heat.

【図４】 本発明の一態様の通水路のその他の例を示
す。FIG. 4 illustrates another example of a water passage according to one embodiment of the present invention.

【図５】 本発明の一態様の通水路の水の流れの例を示
す。FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a flow of water in a water passage according to one embodiment of the present invention.

【図６】 本発明の一態様の通水路の乱流促進の様子の
例を示す。FIG. 6 illustrates an example of how turbulence is promoted in a water passage according to one embodiment of the present invention.

【図７】 所望の温水温度と熱交換手段の温度が略同一
を説明する概念図である。FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram illustrating that a desired hot water temperature and a temperature of a heat exchange unit are substantially the same.

【図８】 本発明の一態様の評価結果を示すグラフであ
る。FIG. 8 is a graph showing evaluation results of one embodiment of the present invention.

【図９】 本発明の一態様の評価結果を示すグラフであ
る。FIG. 9 is a graph showing evaluation results of one embodiment of the present invention.

【図１０】 本発明の一態様の評価結果を示すグラフで
ある。FIG. 10 is a graph showing evaluation results of one embodiment of the present invention.

【図１１】 本発明の一態様の通水路のその他の例を示
す。FIG. 11 illustrates another example of a water passage according to one embodiment of the present invention.

【図１２】 本発明のその他の一態様を示す均熱手段を
備えた例を示す。FIG. 12 illustrates an example including a heat equalizing unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

【図１３】 本発明のその他の一態様を示す蓄熱と組み
合わせたカット図である。FIG. 13 is a cut view in combination with heat storage showing another embodiment of the present invention.

【図１４】 本発明のその他の一態様を示すカット図で
ある。FIG. 14 is a cutaway view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１…自己温度制御機能を有する平板状の加熱手段 ２…入水口 ３…出湯口 ４…熱交換器本体 ５…加熱手段への給電端子 ６…熱交換器の通水路を形成する構成部品 ７…熱交換器の筒状を形成する構成部品 ８…熱交換器の筒状を形成する構成部品 ９…熱交換器の筒状を形成する構成部品 １０…熱交換器の筒状を形成する構成部品 １１…熱交換器の筒状を形成する通水路 １２…熱交換器の筒状を形成する構成部品 １３…均熱手段 １４…自己温度制御加熱手段 １５…均熱手段 １６…蓄熱槽 １７…熱交換器内の通水路への導入路 １８…スパイラル状熱交換壁 １９…通水路 ２０…水流の流れ ２１…均熱手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Flat-plate-shaped heating means having a self-temperature control function 2 ... Water inlet 3 ... Hot-water outlet 4 ... Heat exchanger main body 5 ... Power supply terminal to heating means 6 ... Component parts forming a water passage of a heat exchanger 7 ... Components that form the cylinder of the heat exchanger 8 Components that form the cylinder of the heat exchanger 9 Components that form the cylinder of the heat exchanger 10 Components that form the cylinder of the heat exchanger DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Water passage which forms the cylinder of a heat exchanger 12 ... Component which forms the cylinder of a heat exchanger 13 ... Heat equalizing means 14 ... Self-temperature control heating means 15 ... Heat equalizing means 16 ... Heat storage tank 17 ... Heat Introductory path to water passage in exchanger 18 Spiral heat exchange wall 19 Water passage 20 Water flow 21 Heat equalizing means

Claims (15)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】 加熱手段と、加熱量制御手段と、入水口
と出湯口とが連通した筒状の内部で通水路を不連続とす
ることで略乱流の状態で通水し、かつ該出湯口から吐出
する温水温度と熱交換手段の温度が略同一、あるいは、
ある温度差の中で保持してなるように設計された熱交換
手段とを備えたことを特徴とする温水手段。1. A heating device, a heating amount control device, and a water passage in a substantially turbulent state by making a water passage discontinuous inside a cylindrical shape in which a water inlet and a water outlet communicate with each other. The temperature of the hot water discharged from the tap and the temperature of the heat exchange means are approximately the same, or
And a heat exchange means designed to be maintained within a certain temperature difference. 【請求項２】 前記熱交換手段の通水路長の総和が略
０．０１ｍ〜１００ｍ、より好ましくは略０．０８〜２
５ｍであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の温水手
段。2. The total length of water passages of the heat exchange means is about 0.01 to 100 m, more preferably about 0.08 to 2 m.
The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein the distance is 5 m. 【請求項３】 前記通水路が千鳥格子状、及びまたは、
３次元網目構造状など屈曲した複雑に形成されているこ
とを特徴とする請求項１〜２に記載の温水手段。3. The water passage according to claim 1, wherein the water passage is in a houndstooth check pattern.
The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein the hot water means is formed in a complicated and bent shape such as a three-dimensional network structure. 【請求項４】 前記通水路が多数並列に分岐形成されて
いることを特徴とする請求項１〜３に記載の温水装置。4. The hot water apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a large number of said water passages are branched and formed in parallel. 【請求項５】 前記加熱手段が自己温度制御機能を有し
ていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４に記載の温水手
段。5. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein said heating means has a self-temperature control function. 【請求項６】 前記加熱手段が均熱手段を介して熱交換
手段と熱結合されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５
に記載の温水手段。6. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein said heating means is thermally coupled to a heat exchange means via a soaking means.
The hot water means according to 1. 【請求項７】 前記熱交換手段が熱伝導材料で形成され
たことを特徴とする請求項１〜６に記載の温水手段。7. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein said heat exchange means is formed of a heat conductive material. 【請求項８】 前記熱交換手段の少なくとも水と接する
最表面が耐食材料で形成されたことを特徴とする請求項
１〜７に記載の温水手段。8. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein at least the outermost surface of said heat exchange means in contact with water is formed of a corrosion resistant material. 【請求項９】 前記熱交換手段が少なくとも水と接する
表面が電気絶縁材料で形成されたことを特徴とする請求
項１〜８に記載の温水手段。9. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein at least a surface of said heat exchange means in contact with water is formed of an electrically insulating material. 【請求項１０】 前記熱交換手段あるいは加熱手段の任
意の近傍に熱暴走防止手段を配設したことを特徴とする
請求項１〜９に記載の温水手段。10. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein a thermal runaway prevention means is provided at an arbitrary position near said heat exchange means or heating means. 【請求項１１】 前記加熱手段と熱交換手段に蓄熱手段
が熱結合されたことを特徴とする請求項１〜１０に記載
の温水手段。11. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein heat storage means is thermally coupled to said heating means and heat exchange means. 【請求項１２】 前記蓄熱手段が潜熱蓄熱材であること
を特徴とする請求項１１に記載の温水手段。12. The hot water means according to claim 11, wherein said heat storage means is a latent heat storage material. 【請求項１３】 前記熱交換手段の水と接する面の少な
くとも最表面にＳｉ酸化物及び／又は炭酸Ｃａなどで構
成された水アカに対して、難付着性あるいは易剥離性の
層が形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１〜１２に記載
の温水手段。13. A layer which is hardly adhered or easily peeled off from water residue composed of Si oxide and / or Ca carbonate on at least the outermost surface of the heat exchange means in contact with water. The hot water means according to claim 1, wherein: 【請求項１４】 前記温水手段の前段にプレフィルタを
配設したことを特徴とする請求項１〜１３に記載の温水
装置。14. The hot water apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pre-filter is provided at a stage preceding said hot water means. 【請求項１５】 請求項１〜１４に記載の温水装置を備
えた局部洗浄装置。15. A local cleaning device provided with the hot water device according to claim 1. Description: