JP2002139736A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display deviceInfo
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- JP2002139736A JP2002139736A JP2000333025A JP2000333025A JP2002139736A JP 2002139736 A JP2002139736 A JP 2002139736A JP 2000333025 A JP2000333025 A JP 2000333025A JP 2000333025 A JP2000333025 A JP 2000333025A JP 2002139736 A JP2002139736 A JP 2002139736A
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- liquid crystal
- display device
- crystal display
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- substrate
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は電界印加時に基板に
対して斜め方向の電界を発生させ、液晶分子の配列状態
を制御する液晶表示装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device which generates an electric field in an oblique direction with respect to a substrate when an electric field is applied, and controls an alignment state of liquid crystal molecules.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】現在の液晶表示装置にはＴＮ方式が広く
利用され、高い性能と品質を維持している。しかしＴＮ
方式は視野角が狭くなるという問題があるため、ＴＮ方
式より広視野角が得られる方式として液晶層に印加する
電界を基板と平行な方向にかけるＩＰＳ（In-Plane Swi
tching）方式の液晶表示装置が提案されている。ところ
がＩＰＳ方式は一方の基板に櫛歯状の画素電極と共通電
極を設けているため、電界印加時に電極が存在しない基
板側に位置する液晶分子の挙動が安定しなかったり、基
板間の液晶分子の配向状態が均一にならずにディスクリ
ネーションが発生するなどの問題があった。そこで両基
板間の液晶分子の配向状態を安定させるために、一方の
基板に画素電極と共通電極を配置すると共に、他方の基
板にも共通電極を配置する構成が提案されている。これ
は例えば特開２０００−８１６４１号公報に記載されて
いる。また、他方の基板の共通電極を絶縁膜で覆うこと
で、基板間に発生する電界ができるだけ基板と平行な方
向になるようにした液晶表示装置が「Fast-Switching L
CD with Multi-domain Vertical Alignment Driven by
an Oblique Electric Field」（ＳＩＤ ００ ＤＩＧ
ＥＳＴ ｐ３３４〜ｐ３３７）に記載されている。2. Description of the Related Art The TN system is widely used in current liquid crystal display devices, and maintains high performance and quality. But TN
The IPS (In-Plane Swivel) method applies an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer in a direction parallel to the substrate as a method that can obtain a wider viewing angle than the TN method because the method has a problem that the viewing angle becomes narrower.
(Tching) type liquid crystal display devices have been proposed. However, in the IPS method, since a comb-shaped pixel electrode and a common electrode are provided on one substrate, the behavior of liquid crystal molecules located on the substrate side where no electrode is present when an electric field is applied is not stable, or the liquid crystal molecules between the substrates are not stable. However, there is a problem that the alignment state is not uniform and disclination occurs. Therefore, in order to stabilize the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules between the two substrates, a configuration in which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are arranged on one substrate and a common electrode is arranged on the other substrate has been proposed. This is described, for example, in JP-A-2000-81641. In addition, a liquid crystal display device in which the electric field generated between the substrates is made as parallel to the substrate as possible by covering the common electrode of the other substrate with an insulating film is called "Fast-Switching L."
CD with Multi-domain Vertical Alignment Driven by
an Oblique Electric Field ”(SID 00 DIG
ESTs p334-337).
【０００３】従来の横電界方式の液晶表示装置を図面に
基づいて説明する。図５は従来の液晶表示装置の断面概
略図であり、電界印加時の液晶分子の配列状態を示して
いる。第一基板１００には複数の走査線と複数の信号線
１０１がマトリックス状に配置され、走査線と信号線１
０１の交差点にはスイッチング素子であるＴＦＴが形成
される。走査線と信号線１０１で囲まれる領域で１画素
を構成し、各画素内には櫛歯状の画素電極１０２が配置
されている。ＴＦＴはゲート電極が走査線に、ソース電
極が信号線１０１に、ドレイン電極が画素電極１０２に
接続され、ＴＦＴをオン状態にしたときに信号線１０１
に供給された電圧が画素電極１０２に印加される。第一
基板１００の画素内には櫛歯状の共通電極１０３が設け
られ、共通電極１０３の櫛歯部分が画素電極１０２の櫛
歯部分と平行に配置されている。第二基板１０４上には
各画素に対応してＲＧＢのカラーフィルタ１０５が設け
られ、カラーフィルタ１０５上の全面に共通電極１０６
が積層されている。A conventional in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device, showing an arrangement state of liquid crystal molecules when an electric field is applied. A plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of signal lines 101 are arranged in a matrix on the first substrate 100.
At the intersection of 01, a TFT as a switching element is formed. One pixel is composed of a region surrounded by the scanning line and the signal line 101, and a comb-shaped pixel electrode 102 is arranged in each pixel. The TFT has a gate electrode connected to the scanning line, a source electrode connected to the signal line 101, and a drain electrode connected to the pixel electrode 102. When the TFT is turned on, the signal line 101 is turned on.
Is applied to the pixel electrode 102. A comb-shaped common electrode 103 is provided in a pixel of the first substrate 100, and the comb-shaped portion of the common electrode 103 is arranged in parallel with the comb-shaped portion of the pixel electrode 102. An RGB color filter 105 is provided on the second substrate 104 corresponding to each pixel, and a common electrode 106 is formed on the entire surface of the color filter 105.
Are laminated.
【０００４】両基板間１００、１０４には正の誘電率異
方性を有する液晶層が介在し、画素電極１０２に電圧が
印加されていないときは液晶分子１０７が垂直配列す
る。そして画素電極１０２に電圧が印加されたとき、画
素電極１０２と第一基板１００上の共通電極１０３との
間には基板１００に対して平行方向の電界が発生し、画
素電極１０２と第二基板１０４上の共通電極１０６との
間には基板１００の垂直方向から若干斜め方向の電界が
発生し、各液晶分子は電界に沿って配列状態が変化す
る。なお図５の点線は電界の様子を模式的に示してい
る。ここで画素電極１０２上や第二基板１０４側の液晶
分子１０７は主に斜め方向の電界の影響を受けて少し傾
斜し、画素電極１０２と共通電極１０３の間に位置する
液晶分子１０７は主に平行方向の電界の影響を受けて大
きく傾斜する。A liquid crystal layer having a positive dielectric anisotropy is interposed between the substrates 100 and 104, and liquid crystal molecules 107 are vertically aligned when no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 102. When a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 102, an electric field in a direction parallel to the substrate 100 is generated between the pixel electrode 102 and the common electrode 103 on the first substrate 100, and the pixel electrode 102 and the second substrate An electric field is generated between the common electrode 106 and the common electrode 106 in a direction slightly oblique from the direction perpendicular to the substrate 100, and the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules changes along the electric field. The dotted line in FIG. 5 schematically shows the state of the electric field. Here, the liquid crystal molecules 107 on the pixel electrode 102 and on the second substrate 104 side are slightly tilted mainly due to the effect of the electric field in the oblique direction, and the liquid crystal molecules 107 located between the pixel electrode 102 and the common electrode 103 are mainly tilted. It is greatly inclined under the influence of the electric field in the parallel direction.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが図５のような
液晶表示装置の場合、共通電極１０６が第二基板１０４
側の全面に形成されている場合、画素電極１０２と共通
電極１０６の間に発生する電界の方向は垂直方向に近く
なるため、液晶分子１０７があまり傾斜しない。そこで
共通電極１０６上に誘電膜１０８を積層し、画素電極１
０２と共通電極１０３の間に発生する電界がより平行方
向に近くなるようにした液晶表示措置がある。図６はそ
の液晶表示装置の断面概略図であり、電界印加時の液晶
分子の配列状態を示している。なお誘電膜１０８以外の
構成は図５の液晶表示装置を同じである。誘電膜１０８
がない場合は等電位線が液晶層だけに存在するが、誘電
膜１０８を設けることで等電位線が誘電膜１０８内にも
広がり、液晶層に基板１００に対して平行方向の電界の
割合が多くなる。したがって電界印加時に図５の液晶表
示装置よりも液晶分子が大きく傾斜し、高輝度な液晶表
示装置になる。However, in the case of the liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG.
When the liquid crystal molecules 107 are formed on the entire surface on the side, the direction of the electric field generated between the pixel electrode 102 and the common electrode 106 is close to the vertical direction, so that the liquid crystal molecules 107 are not so inclined. Therefore, a dielectric film 108 is laminated on the common electrode 106, and the pixel electrode 1
There is a liquid crystal display measure in which the electric field generated between the liquid crystal 02 and the common electrode 103 is made closer to the parallel direction. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device, showing an arrangement state of liquid crystal molecules when an electric field is applied. The configuration other than the dielectric film 108 is the same as that of the liquid crystal display device of FIG. Dielectric film 108
When there is no equipotential line, the equipotential lines exist only in the liquid crystal layer. However, by providing the dielectric film 108, the equipotential lines also More. Therefore, when an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules tilt more greatly than in the liquid crystal display device of FIG.
【０００６】しかしながら図６に示す液晶表示装置の場
合、共通電極上に誘電膜を形成する工程が必要となり、
そのため工程数が増加したりコストアップになる問題点
があった。However, in the case of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 6, a step of forming a dielectric film on the common electrode is required.
Therefore, there has been a problem that the number of steps increases and the cost increases.
【０００７】そこで本発明は、工程数を増加することな
く、電界印加時に液晶分子が大きく傾斜する液晶表示装
置を提供することを目的とする。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal molecules are greatly inclined when an electric field is applied, without increasing the number of steps.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
に本発明は、第一基板と第二基板を対向配置し、両基板
間に液晶を封入した液晶表示装置において、第一基板の
画素毎に形成された画素電極と、第一基板上に形成され
且つ各画素内で画素電極とほぼ平行に配置された共通電
極と、第二基板上に形成されたベタ電極状の対向電極
と、対向電極上に積層されたカラーフィルタとを備え、
カラーフィルタは画素電極に電圧を印加したときに画素
電極と対向電極の間に発生する電界ができるだけ基板の
平行方向になるように作用する膜厚を有することを特徴
とする。According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display in which a first substrate and a second substrate are opposed to each other and a liquid crystal is sealed between the two substrates. A pixel electrode formed for each, a common electrode formed on the first substrate and arranged substantially parallel to the pixel electrode in each pixel, and a solid electrode-like counter electrode formed on the second substrate, A color filter laminated on the counter electrode,
The color filter is characterized in that it has a film thickness that acts so that an electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode is as parallel to the substrate as possible.
【０００９】このように画素電極と対向電極の間に発生
する電界をできるだけ横方向にするための誘電膜として
作用するカラーフィルタを対向電極上に設けることで、
従来のような誘電膜を特別に形成する工程が不要にな
り、製造工程が効率化できる。As described above, by providing a color filter acting as a dielectric film on the counter electrode to make the electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode as horizontal as possible,
This eliminates the need for a special step of forming a dielectric film as in the related art, thereby increasing the efficiency of the manufacturing process.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の第１の実施例を図
に基づいて説明する。図1は電界印加時の液晶表示装置
の断面概略図であり、図２は１画素内の電極の構造を示
す平面図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of the liquid crystal display device when an electric field is applied, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the structure of an electrode in one pixel.
【００１１】１はガラス基板などの第一基板であり、こ
の第一基板１上には走査線２と信号線３がマトリクス状
に配線されている。走査線２と信号線３で囲まれる領域
が１画素に相当し、この領域内に櫛歯状の画素電極４が
配置され、走査線２と信号線３の交差部には薄膜トラン
ジスタ５（以下ＴＦＴという）が形成される。ＴＦＴ５
は走査線２から延在したゲート電極５ａ上に信号線３か
ら延在したソース電極５ｂやドレイン電極５ｃ等を積層
して形成され、ドレイン電極５ｃは画素電極４と接続さ
れる。６は第一基板側に設けられた共通電極であり、Ｉ
ＴＯなどで形成されている。共通電極６は櫛歯状の形状
をしており、各画素内で共通電極６の櫛歯部分と画素電
極４の櫛歯部分が平行になるように配置されている。ま
た各画素内の共通電極６は隣接する画素の共通電極６と
連結され、同電位に保たれている。なお、図２では１画
素内に３つの歯状電極を有する画素電極４と４つの歯状
電極を有する共通電極６が記載されているが、図１では
画素電極４と共通電極６の歯状電極をそれぞれ１つと２
つに簡略化している。Reference numeral 1 denotes a first substrate such as a glass substrate, on which scanning lines 2 and signal lines 3 are arranged in a matrix. A region surrounded by the scanning line 2 and the signal line 3 corresponds to one pixel, and a comb-shaped pixel electrode 4 is arranged in this region. A thin film transistor 5 (hereinafter referred to as a TFT) is provided at an intersection of the scanning line 2 and the signal line 3. Is formed. TFT5
Is formed by stacking a source electrode 5b, a drain electrode 5c, and the like extending from the signal line 3 on a gate electrode 5a extending from the scanning line 2, and the drain electrode 5c is connected to the pixel electrode 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a common electrode provided on the first substrate side, and I
It is formed of TO or the like. The common electrode 6 has a comb-like shape, and is arranged such that the comb-tooth portion of the common electrode 6 and the comb-tooth portion of the pixel electrode 4 are parallel in each pixel. The common electrode 6 in each pixel is connected to the common electrode 6 in an adjacent pixel and is kept at the same potential. Note that FIG. 2 illustrates a pixel electrode 4 having three toothed electrodes and a common electrode 6 having four toothed electrodes in one pixel, but FIG. 1 illustrates a toothed shape of the pixel electrode 4 and the common electrode 6. One and two electrodes respectively
One is simplified.
【００１２】７はガラス基板などで形成された第二基板
であり、第二基板７にはＩＴＯなどの対向電極８が積層
されている。この対向電極８は画素に対向する部分の全
面に形成され、共通電極６と同電位に保たれている。９
は対向電極８を覆っているカラーフィルタ９であり、各
画素に対応してＲ、Ｇ、Ｂのいずれかのカラーフィルタ
９が形成されている。このカラーフィルタ９は少なくと
も表示領域の対向電極８の全面を覆うように各色のカラ
ーフィルタ９が隙間なく形成される。カラーフィルタ９
はＲＧＢの色に関係なく均一な膜厚であるが、このカラ
ーフィルタ９は基板１、７間にできるだけ平行方向の電
界を発生させるための誘電膜として作用し、その膜厚も
電界の分布を考慮して決められる。Reference numeral 7 denotes a second substrate formed of a glass substrate or the like, and a counter electrode 8 such as ITO is laminated on the second substrate 7. The opposing electrode 8 is formed on the entire surface opposing the pixel and is kept at the same potential as the common electrode 6. 9
Is a color filter 9 covering the counter electrode 8, and one of R, G, and B color filters 9 is formed corresponding to each pixel. The color filters 9 are formed without gaps so as to cover at least the entire surface of the counter electrode 8 in the display area. Color filter 9
Has a uniform film thickness irrespective of the colors of RGB, but this color filter 9 acts as a dielectric film for generating an electric field in a direction as parallel as possible between the substrates 1 and 7, and the film thickness also reduces the distribution of the electric field. It is decided in consideration of.
【００１３】両基板１、７間には正の誘電率異方性を有
する液晶が封入され、基板１、７上に形成された図示し
ない垂直配向膜によって、電界が印加されていないとき
は液晶分子１０が垂直配列する。画素電極４に電圧を印
加したときは液晶層に電界が印加され、図１の点線は電
界印加時の電界を示す。このとき画素電極４と共通電極
６の間には第一基板１に対して平行方向の電界が発生
し、画素電極４と対向電極８の間には第一基板１に対し
て斜め方向の電界が発生する。ここで共通電極６と対向
電極８を０Ｖに維持し、画素電極４に５Ｖの電圧を印加
した場合、例えばカラーフィルタ９表面の電位はＡ点が
ＶA1＝３Ｖ、Ｂ点がＶB1＝１．５Ｖ、Ｃ点がＶC1＝０Ｖ
になる。もしも対向電極８上に誘電膜であるカラーフィ
ルタ９が存在しない場合、画素電極４と対向した位置の
電位が０Ｖになるため基板１、７の垂直方向に強い電界
が発生するが、第１の実施例の場合、画素電極４とＡ点
の間よりも画素電極４とＢ点、Ｃ点の間に大きな電位差
が生じるため、この個所に強い電界が発生して電界が基
板１、７の平行方向に近づく。A liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy is sealed between the substrates 1 and 7, and a vertical alignment film (not shown) formed on the substrates 1 and 7 allows a liquid crystal to be applied when no electric field is applied. The molecules 10 are arranged vertically. When a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 4, an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, and the dotted line in FIG. 1 indicates the electric field when the electric field is applied. At this time, an electric field in a direction parallel to the first substrate 1 is generated between the pixel electrode 4 and the common electrode 6, and an electric field in a direction oblique to the first substrate 1 is generated between the pixel electrode 4 and the counter electrode 8. Occurs. Here, when the common electrode 6 and the counter electrode 8 are maintained at 0 V and a voltage of 5 V is applied to the pixel electrode 4, for example, the potential of the surface of the color filter 9 is V A1 = 3V at point A and V B1 = 1 at point B. 0.5V, C point is V C1 = 0V
become. If the color filter 9 as a dielectric film does not exist on the opposing electrode 8, the potential at the position opposing the pixel electrode 4 becomes 0 V, so that a strong electric field is generated in the vertical direction of the substrates 1 and 7. In the case of the embodiment, since a larger potential difference is generated between the pixel electrode 4 and the points B and C than between the pixel electrode 4 and the point A, a strong electric field is generated at this location and the electric field is parallel to the substrates 1 and 7. Approach the direction.
【００１４】またカラーフィルタ９の膜厚をさらに厚く
した場合、例えばカラーフィルタ９表面の電位はＡ点が
ＶA2＝４Ｖ、Ｂ点がＶB2＝２Ｖ、Ｃ点がＶC2＝０Ｖにな
り、ＶA1＜ＶA2、ＶB1＜ＶB2の関係が成り立つ。つまり
カラーフィルタ９の膜厚を厚くすればそれだけ画素電極
４とＡ点の電位差が小さくなると共にカラーフィルタ９
上の膜厚が薄いときと同等の電位差になる位置がそれぞ
れ画素電極４から遠ざかる方に移ることになり、画素電
極９上の垂直方向の電界が弱くなると共に基板１、７の
平行方向の電界が相対的に強くなる。そのため液晶層に
はより基板１、７の平行方向に近い斜め電界が発生して
液晶分子１０が大きく傾斜する。このようにカラーフィ
ルタ９を厚くすると液晶層には基板１、７の平行方向に
近い斜め電界が発生することになるが、その反面、カラ
ーフィルタ９による透過光のロスが大きくなる。またカ
ラーフィルタ９の誘電率を液晶の誘電率よりも小さくす
ると、カラーフィルタ９の誘電率が大きい場合に比べ
て、画素電極４と対向電極８の間の電界が基板１、７に
対してより平行方向に近くなる。これらの要素を考慮し
て、透過光のロスが少なく、且つできるだけ斜め方向の
電界が発生するようにカラーフィルタ９の膜厚や誘電率
を決定する。When the thickness of the color filter 9 is further increased, for example, the potential of the surface of the color filter 9 becomes V A2 = 4 V at point A, V B2 = 2 V at point B, and V C2 = 0 V at point C. the relationship of V A1 <V A2, V B1 <V B2 is satisfied. That is, as the film thickness of the color filter 9 is increased, the potential difference between the pixel electrode 4 and the point A is reduced, and
The positions at which the potential difference becomes the same as when the upper film thickness is small move toward the side away from the pixel electrode 4, so that the electric field in the vertical direction on the pixel electrode 9 becomes weaker and the electric field in the parallel direction of the substrates 1 and 7. Becomes relatively strong. Therefore, an oblique electric field closer to the parallel direction of the substrates 1 and 7 is generated in the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal molecules 10 are largely inclined. When the color filter 9 is thickened in this way, an oblique electric field near the parallel direction of the substrates 1 and 7 is generated in the liquid crystal layer, but the loss of light transmitted by the color filter 9 increases. When the permittivity of the color filter 9 is smaller than the permittivity of the liquid crystal, the electric field between the pixel electrode 4 and the counter electrode 8 is higher than that of the case where the permittivity of the color filter 9 is large. It becomes closer to the parallel direction. In consideration of these factors, the thickness and the dielectric constant of the color filter 9 are determined so that the loss of transmitted light is small and an electric field is generated in an oblique direction as much as possible.
【００１５】両基板１、７を直交ニコルに設定された一
対の偏光板で挟み、一方の偏光板の透過軸と電界印加時
の液晶分子１０の傾斜方向が約４５°程度になるように
偏光板を配置すれば、電界が印加されていないときは液
晶分子１０が垂直配列するため、一方の偏光板を通過し
た入射光は他方の偏光板によって遮断され、液晶表示装
置は黒表示になる。そして電界を印加したときは液晶分
子１０が電界に沿って基板の平行方向に傾斜するので、
一方の偏光板を通過した入射光は液晶分子１０の複屈折
作用によって楕円偏光になり、他方の偏光板を通過して
白表示となる。このとき液晶分子１０は斜め電界の作用
によって大きく傾斜するので、高輝度の液晶表示装置に
なる。The two substrates 1 and 7 are sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates set in orthogonal Nicols, and the polarization direction is set such that the transmission axis of one of the polarizing plates and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules 10 when an electric field is applied are about 45 °. If a plate is arranged, the liquid crystal molecules 10 are vertically aligned when no electric field is applied, so that incident light passing through one polarizing plate is blocked by the other polarizing plate, and the liquid crystal display device displays black. When an electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 10 tilt in the direction parallel to the substrate along the electric field.
The incident light that has passed through one of the polarizing plates becomes elliptically polarized light due to the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal molecules 10, and passes through the other polarizing plate to display white. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 10 are largely tilted by the action of the oblique electric field, so that a high-brightness liquid crystal display device is obtained.
【００１６】このように本発明では、対向電極８上に誘
電膜として作用するカラーフィルタ９を設けることによ
り、画素電極４と対向電極８との間にできるだけ横方向
に近い電界を発生させることができ、高輝度の液晶表示
装置が得られる。その上、画素電極４と対向電極８の間
にできるだけ横方向の電界を発生するための誘電膜を製
造する工程を特別に設ける必要がなく、製造工程の効率
化ができる。As described above, in the present invention, by providing the color filter 9 acting as a dielectric film on the counter electrode 8, an electric field as close as possible in the horizontal direction can be generated between the pixel electrode 4 and the counter electrode 8. As a result, a high-brightness liquid crystal display device can be obtained. In addition, there is no need to provide a special step of manufacturing a dielectric film for generating a horizontal electric field between the pixel electrode 4 and the counter electrode 8 as much as possible, and the manufacturing process can be made more efficient.
【００１７】次に第２の実施例を図３に基づき説明す
る。第２の実施例はカラーフィルタ１１の膜厚が各色毎
に異なっている点で第１の実施例と相違するが、他の構
成は第１の実施例と同じである。したがって第１の実施
例と共通する部分は同一の番号を用い、説明を省略す
る。図３は電界印加時の液晶表示装置の断面概略図であ
り、第１の実施例の図１に対応する。また、図４はカラ
ーフィルタ１０９の膜厚が異なる場合の従来の液晶表示
装置であり、図３、図４に基づいて本発明と従来の液晶
表示装置の違いを説明する。Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the film thickness of the color filter 11 is different for each color, but the other configuration is the same as the first embodiment. Therefore, the same portions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the liquid crystal display device when an electric field is applied, and corresponds to FIG. 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 4 shows a conventional liquid crystal display device in which the thickness of the color filter 109 is different. The difference between the present invention and the conventional liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIGS.
【００１８】カラーフィルタ１１は各色に応じて分光特
性が異なるため、色に関係なく同じ膜厚のカラーフィル
タ１１の場合、各画素電極に一定電圧を印加したとき
に、ＲＧＢの混合色である中間色が黄色味を帯びて表示
されるなどの問題が生じる。そのため各色のカラーフィ
ルタ１１の膜厚を変えることで、各色のカラーフィルタ
１１を通過する光のバランスを調整して、三原色の混合
色が正確な色の表示になるように設定している。この第
２の実施例及び従来例では赤色、緑色、青色の順にカラ
ーフィルタ１１、１０９の膜厚を厚くする。Since the color filter 11 has different spectral characteristics depending on each color, when the color filter 11 has the same thickness regardless of the color, when a constant voltage is applied to each pixel electrode, an intermediate color which is a mixed color of RGB is applied. Is displayed with a yellow tint. Therefore, by changing the film thickness of the color filter 11 of each color, the balance of the light passing through the color filter 11 of each color is adjusted so that the mixed color of the three primary colors is displayed in an accurate color. In the second embodiment and the conventional example, the color filters 11 and 109 are made thicker in the order of red, green and blue.
【００１９】図３に示す第２の実施例では、第二基板７
に対向電極８が形成され、対向電極８上にカラーフィル
タ１１が積層されている。図４に示す従来例では、第二
基板１０４にカラーフィルタ１０９を形成し、カラーフ
ィルタ１０９上に対向電極１０６、誘電膜１０８の順に
積層している。画素電極４、１０２に電界を印加したと
き、画素電極４、１０２と共通電極６、１０３との間に
基板１、１００の平行方向の電界が発生し、画素電極
４、１０２と対向電極８、１０６との間に基板１、１０
０の斜め方向の電界が発生し、液晶分子１０、１０７は
電界に沿って傾斜する。このとき液晶層を通過する透過
光は液晶の複屈折性によって直線偏光から楕円偏光にな
るため偏光板を通過して白表示になるが、この透過率が
最適になるようにリタデーションＲが設定される。この
リタデーションＲはＲ＝ｄΔｎ・sin2φで表され、ｄは
セルの厚さ、Δｎは液晶分子１０、１０７の長軸方向と
短軸方向の屈折率の差、φは液晶分子１０、１０７の傾
斜角度である。なお液晶分子１０、１０７の傾斜角度φ
とは、基板１、１００の法線方向と液晶分子１０、１０
７の長軸方向とがなす角度を示す。各色のカラーフィル
タ１１の膜厚が異なるように設定すると、各色によって
セルの厚さｄが異なってしまうが、リタデーションＲは
カラーフィルタ１１の色に関係なく一定である方が好ま
しい。第２の実施例の場合、対向電極８と画素電極４と
の間隔が一定であり、誘電膜の役割を兼ねるカラーフィ
ルタ１１の膜厚が異なっているため、画素電極に５Ｖを
印加したときに、Ｒ層の点ＡRは２Ｖ、Ｇ層の点ＡGが３
Ｖ、Ｂ層の点ＡBが４Ｖになり、各色に応じて液晶分子
１０の傾斜角度が異なる。つまりセルの厚さｄRが大き
いＲ層では垂直方向に近い電界が発生するために液晶分
子１０があまり倒れず、Δｎ・sin2φRが小さくなる。
一方、セルの厚さｄBが小さいＢ層では横方向に近い電
界が発生するため液晶分子１０が大きく倒れ、Δｎ・si
n2φBが大きくなる。したがってカラーフィルタ１１の
各色に対応したリタデーションＲの差が小さくなり、リ
タデーションＲに起因する表示ムラを抑えることができ
る。In the second embodiment shown in FIG.
The color filter 11 is laminated on the counter electrode 8. In the conventional example shown in FIG. 4, a color filter 109 is formed on a second substrate 104, and a counter electrode 106 and a dielectric film 108 are laminated on the color filter 109 in this order. When an electric field is applied to the pixel electrodes 4 and 102, an electric field in the direction parallel to the substrates 1 and 100 is generated between the pixel electrodes 4 and 102 and the common electrodes 6 and 103, and the pixel electrodes 4 and 102 and the opposing electrode 8. Between the substrates 1 and 10
A zero oblique electric field is generated, and the liquid crystal molecules 10 and 107 are inclined along the electric field. At this time, the transmitted light passing through the liquid crystal layer changes from linearly polarized light to elliptically polarized light due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal, so that white light is displayed by passing through the polarizing plate. However, the retardation R is set so that the transmittance is optimized. You. The retardation R is represented by R = dΔn · sin 2 φ, d is the cell thickness, Δn is the difference between the refractive indices of the liquid crystal molecules 10 and 107 in the major axis direction and the minor axis direction, and φ is the liquid crystal molecules 10 and 107 Is the inclination angle. The tilt angle φ of the liquid crystal molecules 10 and 107
Are the normal directions of the substrates 1 and 100 and the liquid crystal molecules 10 and 10
7 shows the angle formed by the long axis direction. If the thickness of the color filter 11 for each color is set to be different, the thickness d of the cell differs for each color, but it is preferable that the retardation R is constant irrespective of the color of the color filter 11. In the case of the second embodiment, since the distance between the counter electrode 8 and the pixel electrode 4 is constant and the thickness of the color filter 11 also serving as a dielectric film is different, when 5 V is applied to the pixel electrode, , The point A R of the R layer is 2V, and the point A G of the G layer is 3V.
V, points A B of the B layer becomes 4V, the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecules 10 differs according to each color. That is, in the R layer having a large cell thickness d R , an electric field close to the vertical direction is generated, so that the liquid crystal molecules 10 do not fall so much, and Δn · sin 2 φ R becomes small.
On the other hand, in the B layer having a small cell thickness d B , an electric field close to the horizontal direction is generated, so that the liquid crystal molecules 10 largely fall, and Δn · si
n 2 φ B increases. Therefore, the difference of the retardation R corresponding to each color of the color filter 11 becomes small, and the display unevenness caused by the retardation R can be suppressed.
【００２０】それに対して従来例の場合、膜厚の異なる
カラーフィルタ１０９上に対向電極１０６を形成するた
め、セルの厚さｄRが大きいＲ層では弱い電界が発生
し、セルの厚さｄBが大きいＢ層では強い電界が発生す
る。そのためＲ層では電界が横方向に近づき液晶分子１
０７が大きく倒れ、Ｂ層では電界が縦方向に近づき液晶
分子１０７があまり倒れない。したがってカラーフィル
タ１０９の各色に対応したリタデーションＲの差が大き
くなり、リタデーションＲに起因する表示ムラが表れ易
くなる。On the other hand, in the case of the conventional example, since the counter electrode 106 is formed on the color filters 109 having different film thicknesses, a weak electric field is generated in the R layer having a large cell thickness d R , and the cell thickness d R A strong electric field is generated in the B layer where B is large. Therefore, in the R layer, the electric field approaches the horizontal direction and the liquid crystal molecules 1
07 falls significantly, the electric field approaches the vertical direction in the B layer, and the liquid crystal molecules 107 do not fall much. Therefore, the difference of the retardation R corresponding to each color of the color filter 109 becomes large, and the display unevenness caused by the retardation R easily appears.
【００２１】このように本発明では、対向電極８上に誘
電膜として作用するカラーフィルタ１１を設けることに
より、画素電極４と対向電極８の間にできるだけ横方向
の電界を発生するための誘電膜の製造工程を少なくする
だけでなく、異なる膜厚のカラーフィルタ１１によるリ
タデーションの差に起因する表示ムラを抑えることがで
きる。As described above, according to the present invention, by providing the color filter 11 acting as a dielectric film on the counter electrode 8, the dielectric film for generating a horizontal electric field between the pixel electrode 4 and the counter electrode 8 as much as possible. In addition to reducing the number of manufacturing steps, display unevenness due to a difference in retardation between the color filters 11 having different film thicknesses can be suppressed.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、同一基板上に形成した
画素電極と共通電極の間で基板の横電界を発生させ、画
素電極と対向基板上の対向電極との間で基板の斜め電界
を発生させる液晶表示装置において、斜め電界をできる
だけ横方向にするための誘電膜として作用するカラーフ
ィルタを対向電極上に設けているため、特別に誘電膜を
形成する工程が不要になり、製造工程が効率化できる。
また、カラーフィルタの膜厚が各色毎に異なる場合でも
このカラーフィルタによるリタデーションの差を小さく
することができ、各画素毎のリタデーションの差に起因
する表示ムラを低減させることができる。According to the present invention, a horizontal electric field of the substrate is generated between the pixel electrode and the common electrode formed on the same substrate, and the oblique electric field of the substrate is generated between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode on the counter substrate. In a liquid crystal display device that generates an image, a color filter that acts as a dielectric film for making the oblique electric field as horizontal as possible is provided on the counter electrode. Can be made more efficient.
Further, even when the film thickness of the color filter is different for each color, the difference in retardation due to the color filter can be reduced, and display unevenness due to the difference in retardation for each pixel can be reduced.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例である液晶表示装置の電
界印加時の断面概略図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention when an electric field is applied.
【図２】１画素内の各電極の配置を示す平面図でる。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an arrangement of each electrode in one pixel.
【図３】本発明の第２の実施例である液晶表示装置の電
界印加時の断面概略図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention when an electric field is applied.
【図４】第２の実施例に対応した従来例の電界印加時の
断面概略図である。FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional example corresponding to the second embodiment when an electric field is applied.
【図５】共通電極上に誘電膜が存在しない従来例の電界
印加時の断面概略図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional example in which no dielectric film is present on a common electrode when an electric field is applied.
【図６】共通電極上に誘電膜を有する従来例の電界印加
時の断面概略図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional example having a dielectric film on a common electrode when an electric field is applied.
１ 第一基板 ４ 画素電極 ６ 共通電極 ７ 第二基板 ８ 対向電極 ９ カラーフィルタ １０ 液晶分子 １１ カラーフィルタ Reference Signs List 1 first substrate 4 pixel electrode 6 common electrode 7 second substrate 8 counter electrode 9 color filter 10 liquid crystal molecule 11 color filter
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 賀勢 裕之 鳥取県鳥取市南吉方３丁目201番地 鳥取 三洋電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 森 善隆 鳥取県鳥取市南吉方３丁目201番地 鳥取 三洋電機株式会社内 (72)発明者 田中 慎一郎 鳥取県鳥取市南吉方３丁目201番地 鳥取 三洋電機株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 2H048 BA02 BB02 BB06 BB14 BB43 2H091 FA02Y FA08X FA08Z GA02 GA03 KA02 KA10 LA12 LA18 2H092 GA05 GA14 GA23 HA04 JA24 NA01 NA27 NA29 PA08 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Kase 3-201 Minamiyoshikata, Tottori-shi, Tottori Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshitaka Mori 3-201 Minamiyoshikata, Tottori-shi, Tottori Sanyo Tottori Inside Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinichiro Tanaka 3-201, Minamiyoshikata, Tottori City, Tottori Prefecture GA14 GA23 HA04 JA24 NA01 NA27 NA29 PA08
Claims (7)
両基板間に液晶を封入した液晶表示装置において、前記
第一基板の画素毎に形成された画素電極と、前記第一基
板上に形成され且つ各画素内で前記画素電極とほぼ平行
に配置された共通電極と、前記第二基板上に形成された
ベタ電極状の対向電極と、前記対向電極上に積層された
カラーフィルタとを備え、前記カラーフィルタは前記画
素電極に電圧を印加したときに前記画素電極と前記対向
電極の間に発生する電界が前記基板の平行方向に近づく
ように作用する膜厚を有することを特徴とする液晶表示
装置。1. A liquid crystal display device in which a first substrate and a second substrate are disposed to face each other, and a liquid crystal is sealed between the two substrates. A pixel electrode formed for each pixel of the first substrate; A common electrode formed on the second substrate and substantially parallel to the pixel electrode in each pixel; a solid electrode-shaped counter electrode formed on the second substrate; and a color filter stacked on the counter electrode. Wherein the color filter has a thickness such that an electric field generated between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode acts so as to approach a parallel direction of the substrate. Liquid crystal display device.
晶を封入し、液晶分子が電圧無印加時に垂直配列し、電
圧印加時に電界に沿って前記基板の水平方向に傾斜する
ことを特徴とする請求項１記載の液晶表示装置。2. A liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy is sealed between the two substrates, and liquid crystal molecules are vertically arranged when no voltage is applied, and are inclined in a horizontal direction of the substrate along an electric field when a voltage is applied. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein:
も小さい誘電率を有することを特徴とする請求項１乃至
請求項２記載の液晶表示装置。3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the color filter has a dielectric constant smaller than a dielectric constant of liquid crystal.
位に設定されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求
項３記載の液晶表示装置。4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said common electrode and said counter electrode are set at substantially the same potential.
の前記カラーフィルタを配置すると共に、前記カラーフ
ィルタの膜厚が各色に応じて異なることを特徴とする請
求項１乃至請求項４記載の液晶表示装置。5. The color filter according to claim 1, wherein the color filter of any one of R, G, and B is arranged according to the pixel, and a film thickness of the color filter is different according to each color. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to 4.
をマトリクス状に配置し、前記走査線と前記信号線の交
差部にスイッチング素子を設け、前記スイッチング素子
に櫛歯状の画素電極を接続し、櫛歯状の共通電極をその
櫛歯部分が前記画素電極の櫛歯部分ととほぼ平行になる
ように配置したことを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項５
記載の液晶表示装置。6. A plurality of scanning lines and signal lines are arranged in a matrix on the first substrate, a switching element is provided at an intersection of the scanning line and the signal line, and a comb-shaped pixel is provided in the switching element. An electrode is connected, and a comb-shaped common electrode is arranged so that the comb-teeth portion is substantially parallel to the comb-teeth portion of the pixel electrode.
The liquid crystal display device according to the above.
液晶表示装置において、前記偏光板の互いの透過軸が直
交し、且つ一方の偏光板の透過軸が電界印加時の液晶分
子の傾斜方向と直交しないように両偏光板を配置したこ
とを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項６記載の液晶表示装
置。7. In a liquid crystal display device in which both substrates are sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates, the transmission axes of the polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other, and the transmission axis of one of the polarizing plates is tilted when liquid crystal molecules are applied with an electric field. 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein both polarizing plates are arranged so as not to be orthogonal to the direction.
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|---|---|---|---|
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000333025A JP3609712B2 (en) | 2000-10-31 | 2000-10-31 | Liquid crystal display |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006523850A (en) * | 2002-08-26 | 2006-10-19 | ユニバーシティ・オブ・セントラル・フロリダ・リサーチ・ファウンデーション・インコーポレイテッド | High speed and wide viewing angle LCD |
| JP2010204536A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-16 | Nec Lcd Technologies Ltd | Liquid crystal display element and image display device using the same |
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