JP2002082080A - Water content sensor - Google Patents

Water content sensor

Info

Publication number
JP2002082080A
JP2002082080A JP2000274121A JP2000274121A JP2002082080A JP 2002082080 A JP2002082080 A JP 2002082080A JP 2000274121 A JP2000274121 A JP 2000274121A JP 2000274121 A JP2000274121 A JP 2000274121A JP 2002082080 A JP2002082080 A JP 2002082080A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
electrodes
impedance
electrode
sensor according
change
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2000274121A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hideo Mori
秀夫 森
Eiji Nakamoto
栄次 中元
Yuji Takada
裕司 高田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Works Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Priority to JP2000274121A priority Critical patent/JP2002082080A/en
Publication of JP2002082080A publication Critical patent/JP2002082080A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm

Landscapes

  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water content sensor capable of generating an analog signal according to water content. SOLUTION: This water content sensor comprises an electrode part 1 having a pair of electrodes 1a and 1b, a detection circuit part 2 for detecting a change in impedance between the two electrodes 1a and 1b varying according to the water content between the two electrodes 1a and 1b, and an output circuit part 3 for generating a voltage signal having an amplitude corresponding to the result of detection of the detection circuit part 2.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、水分量センサに関
するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moisture sensor.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来より、一対の電極間のインピーダン
ス変化或いは静電容量の変化から、水分の有無を検知す
る水分検知センサが提供されている。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been provided a moisture detecting sensor for detecting the presence or absence of moisture from a change in impedance or a change in capacitance between a pair of electrodes.

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上述の水分検知センサ
は、例えば使い捨ておむつに取り付けられ、排尿による
おむつの濡れを検出して介護者に報知し、おむつの交換
を促すといった用途に用いられるが、従来のセンサでは
水分の有無を検出しているだけなので、少しの排尿があ
っても検知するため介護者や保護者の作業負担が増加
し、またその都度おむつを交換するためおむつ費用の増
加になり、適切な時期におむつ交換を行うことができな
いという問題があった。
The above-mentioned moisture detecting sensor is used, for example, for attaching to a disposable diaper, detecting the wetness of the diaper due to urination, notifying the caregiver, and prompting the diaper to be replaced. Conventional sensors only detect the presence or absence of water, so even a small amount of urination is detected, increasing the work load on caregivers and parents, and increasing diaper costs because diapers are replaced each time. As a result, there is a problem that diapers cannot be changed at an appropriate time.

【0004】また、従来の水分検知センサでは一方の電
極は全面が絶縁されているが、もう一方の電極は絶縁さ
れていないため、金属表面の腐食により電極そのものの
特性が変化するという問題もあった。
[0004] Further, in the conventional moisture detection sensor, one electrode is insulated on the entire surface, but the other electrode is not insulated, so that the characteristics of the electrode itself change due to corrosion of the metal surface. Was.

【0005】本発明は上記問題点に鑑みて為されたもの
であり、その目的とするところは、水分量に応じたアナ
ログ信号を発生することのできる水分量センサを提供す
ることにある。
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a moisture sensor capable of generating an analog signal corresponding to the amount of moisture.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、請求項1の発明では、互いに絶縁された複数の電極
を有する電極部と、電極間の水分量に応じて変化する電
極間の電気的特性値を検出する検出回路部と、検出回路
部の検出結果に応じた大きさのアナログ信号を発生する
出力回路部とを備えて成ることを特徴とし、検出回路部
は水分量に応じて変化する電極間の電気的特性値を検出
し、出力回路部は検出回路部の検出結果に応じた大きさ
のアナログ信号を発生しているので、水分量に応じたア
ナログ信号を出力することができる。例えばこの水分量
センサを使い捨ておむつに取り付けて、おむつの濡れを
検出する場合、水分量に応じたアナログ信号を出力する
ことができるので、水分量(すなわち排尿の量)が所定
量に達した時点で介護者に対しておむつの交換を促すこ
とができ、介護者や保護者の作業負担を低減し、適切な
時期におむつ交換を行うことができる。
To achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrode portion having a plurality of electrodes insulated from each other, and an electrode portion having a plurality of electrodes insulated from each other, the electrode portion changing in accordance with the water content between the electrodes. A detection circuit for detecting an electrical characteristic value; and an output circuit for generating an analog signal having a magnitude corresponding to a detection result of the detection circuit. Since the output circuit generates an analog signal of a magnitude corresponding to the detection result of the detection circuit, the analog signal corresponding to the moisture content is output. Can be. For example, when this moisture sensor is attached to a disposable diaper to detect diaper wetness, an analog signal corresponding to the moisture content can be output, so that when the moisture content (that is, the amount of urination) reaches a predetermined amount, Can encourage the caregiver to change the diaper, reduce the work load on the caregiver and the guardian, and can change the diaper at an appropriate time.

【0007】請求項2の発明では、請求項1の発明にお
いて、検出回路部は電極間のインピーダンス変化を検出
することを特徴とし、請求項1の発明と同様の作用を奏
する。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the detection circuit detects a change in impedance between the electrodes, and has the same effect as the first aspect of the present invention.

【0008】請求項3の発明では、請求項1の発明にお
いて、電極間の静電容量を含む発振回路を備え、検出回
路部は、電極間の水分量に応じて変化する発振回路の発
振周波数から電極間の静電容量変化を検出することを特
徴とし、請求項1の発明と同様の作用を奏する。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, an oscillation circuit including a capacitance between the electrodes is provided, and the detection circuit section includes an oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit which changes in accordance with a water content between the electrodes. And detects a change in capacitance between the electrodes, and has the same effect as the first aspect of the present invention.

【0009】請求項4の発明では、請求項2の発明にお
いて、検出回路部は、電極間のインピーダンスと、イン
ピーダンス値が既知の第1のインピーダンス要素とで一
定電圧を分圧することにより、電極間のインピーダンス
変化を電圧変化として検出することを特徴とし、電極間
のインピーダンスと第1のインピーダンス要素で分圧回
路を構成し、その分圧電圧から電極間のインピーダンス
を検出しているので、簡単な回路で検出回路部を実現で
きる。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the detection circuit section divides a constant voltage by an impedance between the electrodes and a first impedance element having a known impedance value, thereby forming a voltage between the electrodes. It is characterized by detecting a change in impedance as a voltage change. Since a voltage dividing circuit is configured by the impedance between the electrodes and the first impedance element, and the impedance between the electrodes is detected from the divided voltage, a simple circuit is used. The detection circuit can be realized by a circuit.

【0010】請求項5の発明では、請求項2の発明にお
いて、検出回路部は、非反転入力端子が接地された演算
増幅器と、演算増幅器の反転入力端子に一端が接続され
た第2のインピーダンス要素と、演算増幅器の反転入力
端子と出力端子との間に接続された第3のインピーダン
ス要素とで構成される増幅回路を有し、第2又は第3の
インピーダンス要素の内何れか一方を電極間に発生する
インピーダンスで構成し、電極間のインピーダンス変化
を増幅回路の出力電圧の変化として検出することを特徴
とし、演算増幅器の非反転入力端子は接地されており、
非反転入力端子と反転入力端子とは仮想的に短絡されて
いることから、反転入力端子に接続された電極に発生す
る浮遊容量の影響を少なくでき、電極間のインピーダン
スを精度良く検出することができる。
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the detection circuit section includes an operational amplifier having a non-inverting input terminal grounded, and a second impedance having one end connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. And an amplifier circuit comprising a third impedance element connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and one of the second and third impedance elements is connected to an electrode. It is configured with impedance generated between the electrodes, and detects a change in impedance between the electrodes as a change in output voltage of the amplifier circuit.A non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded,
Since the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal are virtually short-circuited, the effect of stray capacitance generated on the electrode connected to the inverting input terminal can be reduced, and the impedance between the electrodes can be accurately detected. it can.

【0011】請求項6の発明では、請求項1乃至5の発
明において、一対の電極を所定の間隔を開けて同一平面
上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極部を形
成したことを特徴とし、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で
覆っているので、電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化す
るのを防止できる。
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, a pair of electrodes are arranged on the same plane at a predetermined interval, and the entirety of both electrodes is covered with an insulator to form an electrode portion. Since both of the pair of electrodes are covered with the insulator, it is possible to prevent the electrodes from corroding and changing the electrical characteristics.

【0012】請求項7の発明では、請求項1乃至5の発
明において、互いに表面積の異なる一対の電極を、所定
の間隔を開けて検出面と交差する方向に並べて配置し、
両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極部を形成したことを
特徴とし、一対の電極を同一平面内に並べて配置した場
合に比べて、電極部全体の幅寸法を大きくすることな
く、各電極の幅寸法を大きくできるため、水分量に応じ
て発生する電極間のインピーダンス変化を大きくでき、
インピーダンス変化を容易に検出することができる。し
かも、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆っているので、
電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化するのを防止でき
る。
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, a pair of electrodes having different surface areas are arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction intersecting the detection surface.
An electrode portion is formed by covering the entirety of both electrodes with an insulator.Each electrode is formed without increasing the width of the entire electrode portion as compared with a case where a pair of electrodes are arranged side by side on the same plane. Because the width dimension of the can be increased, the impedance change between the electrodes generated according to the amount of moisture can be increased,
An impedance change can be easily detected. Moreover, since both electrodes are covered with an insulator,
It is possible to prevent the electrodes from corroding and changing the electrical characteristics.

【0013】請求項8の発明では、請求項1乃至5の発
明において、電極部は矩形状であって、一対の電極を電
極部の短幅方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に
形成し、一方の電極で他方の電極を取り囲むようにして
同一平面上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電
極部を形成したことを特徴とし、各電極は電極部の短幅
方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に形成されて
おり、しかも一方の電極で他方の電極を取り囲むように
して同一平面上に配置されているので、電極部が短幅方
向における中心線を軸として捻れたり、縒れたりして
も、一対の電極を短幅方向における中心線の両側に配置
した場合に比べて、両電極間の距離が殆ど変化せず、ま
た同一の電位を持った電極の部位が接近するだけなの
で、電極間のインピーダンス変化が殆どなく、誤動作を
防止できる。しかも、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆
っているので、電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化する
のを防止できる。
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the electrode portion is rectangular, and the pair of electrodes are formed to be substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line in the short width direction of the electrode portion. One electrode is arranged on the same plane so as to surround the other electrode, and the electrodes are formed by covering the entirety of both electrodes with an insulator. Are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line at the same time, and are arranged on the same plane so that one electrode surrounds the other electrode. Even if the electrodes are twisted or twisted, the distance between the two electrodes hardly changes compared to the case where a pair of electrodes are arranged on both sides of the center line in the short width direction, and the electrodes having the same potential Part only approaches, the impedance between the electrodes Nsu change little, it is possible to prevent the malfunction. In addition, since both of the pair of electrodes are covered with the insulator, it is possible to prevent the electrodes from corroding and changing the electrical characteristics.

【0014】請求項9の発明では、請求項1乃至5の発
明において、電極部は矩形状であって、一対の電極を、
電極部の長手方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状
に形成し、電極部の長手方向に沿って所定の間隔を開け
て同一平面上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って
電極部を形成したことを特徴とし、一対の電極は、電極
部の長手方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に形
成され、電極部の長手方向に沿って所定の間隔を開けて
同一平面上に配置されているから、電極部が短幅方向に
おける中心線を軸として捻れたり、縒れたりしても、電
極間の距離があまり変化せず、したがって電極間のイン
ピーダンス変化が殆どないため、誤動作を防止できる。
しかも、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆っているの
で、電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化するのを防止で
きる。
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the electrode portion is rectangular, and the pair of electrodes is
Formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion, arranged on the same plane at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion, covering both electrodes with an insulator. The electrode portion is formed, the pair of electrodes are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion, and at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion on the same plane Because it is arranged on the top, even if the electrode part is twisted around the center line in the short width direction or twisted, the distance between the electrodes does not change much, and therefore, there is almost no impedance change between the electrodes. , Malfunction can be prevented.
In addition, since both of the pair of electrodes are covered with the insulator, it is possible to prevent the electrodes from corroding and changing the electrical characteristics.

【0015】請求項10の発明では、請求項6乃至9の
発明において、各電極は弾性を有する平板状の導電体か
らなることを特徴とし、請求項6乃至9の発明と同様の
作用を奏する。
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in each of the sixth to ninth aspects of the present invention, each electrode is made of an elastic plate-shaped conductor, and has the same effect as the sixth to ninth aspects. .

【0016】請求項11の発明では、請求項6乃至9の
発明において、各電極は弾性を有する棒状の導電体から
なることを特徴とし、各電極を平板状とした場合に比べ
て屈曲性を高めることができる。
According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in each of the sixth to ninth aspects, each electrode is made of a rod-shaped conductor having elasticity, and has a greater flexibility as compared with a case where each electrode is a flat plate. Can be enhanced.

【0017】請求項12の発明では、請求項6乃至9の
発明において、各電極は弾性を有する複数の導電線の撚
り線からなることを特徴とし、各電極を平板状とした場
合に比べて屈曲性が高くなり、電極部を曲げた状態で取
り付けることができ、且つ各電極を棒状の導電体とした
場合に比べて、各電極を屈曲させた際に断線しにくくで
きる。
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in each of the sixth to ninth aspects, each electrode is formed of a stranded wire of a plurality of conductive wires having elasticity. Flexibility is increased, the electrode portion can be mounted in a bent state, and disconnection is less likely to occur when each electrode is bent than when each electrode is a rod-shaped conductor.

【0018】請求項13の発明では、請求項6乃至9の
発明において、両電極の全体を覆うことができる大きさ
に形成されグランドに接地されたシールド部材を有し、
一対の電極に対して検出面と反対側に絶縁体を介してシ
ールド部材を配置したことを特徴とし、一対の電極に対
して検出面と反対側にグランドに接地されたシールド部
材を配置しているから、検出面と反対側から導電体が接
近してきても、各電極間のインピーダンスが変化するこ
とがなく、誤動作を防止できる。
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the sixth to ninth aspects of the present invention, there is provided a shield member which is formed in a size capable of covering both of the electrodes and is grounded to the ground.
It is characterized in that a shield member is disposed via an insulator on a side opposite to the detection surface for a pair of electrodes, and a shield member grounded to ground is disposed on a side opposite to the detection surface for the pair of electrodes. Therefore, even if the conductor approaches from the side opposite to the detection surface, the impedance between the electrodes does not change and malfunction can be prevented.

【0019】請求項14の発明では、請求項13の発明
において、上記シールド部材は平板状の導電体からなる
ことを特徴とし、シールド部材によるシールド効果を高
め、誤動作を防止することができる。
According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the shield member is made of a flat conductor, and the shielding effect of the shield member can be enhanced to prevent malfunction.

【0020】請求項15の発明では、請求項13の発明
において、上記シールド部材はメッシュ状の導電体から
なることを特徴とし、シールド部材を平板状とした場合
はシールド部材によって電極間の電磁界が弱められ水分
量の変化によるインピーダンス変化が減少するが、シー
ルド部材をメッシュ状に形成しているので、インピーダ
ンス変化の減少を抑制でき、インピーダンス変化を検出
しやすくできる。
According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the thirteenth aspect, the shield member is made of a mesh-shaped conductor, and when the shield member is a flat plate, an electromagnetic field between the electrodes is formed by the shield member. Is weakened and the impedance change due to the change in the amount of moisture is reduced. However, since the shield member is formed in a mesh shape, the decrease in the impedance change can be suppressed, and the impedance change can be easily detected.

【0021】[0021]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照
して説明する。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

【0022】(実施形態1)本発明の実施形態1を図1
乃至図5を参照して説明する。本実施形態の水分量セン
サは、図1に示すように一対の電極1a,1bを有する
電極部1と、両電極1a,1b間の水分量に応じて発生
する両電極1a,1b間のインピーダンス変化を検出す
る検出回路部2と、検出回路部2の検出結果に応じた大
きさの電圧信号(アナログ信号)を発生する出力回路部
3とで構成される。
(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment includes an electrode unit 1 having a pair of electrodes 1a and 1b, and an impedance between the electrodes 1a and 1b generated according to the moisture between the electrodes 1a and 1b. It comprises a detection circuit section 2 for detecting a change and an output circuit section 3 for generating a voltage signal (analog signal) having a magnitude corresponding to the detection result of the detection circuit section 2.

【0023】図2は検出回路部2の具体回路を示してお
り、両電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxと抵抗値
が既知のインピーダンス要素Z1〜Z3とでブリッジ回
路2aを構成し、ブリッジ回路2aの入力端に発振回路
2bの出力電圧を印加する。そして、インピーダンス要
素Z1,Z2による分圧電圧と、インピーダンス要素Z
3と電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとによる分
圧電圧との差電圧を差動増幅回路2cで増幅し、検波回
路2dが差動増幅回路2cの出力電圧を検波して、イン
ピーダンスZxの大きさに応じた電圧を出力回路部3に
出力する。出力回路部3では検波回路2dの出力を増幅
するなどして、インピーダンスZxに応じた電圧値の電
圧信号を外部に出力する。
FIG. 2 shows a specific circuit of the detection circuit section 2. The bridge circuit 2a is composed of an impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b and impedance elements Z1 to Z3 having known resistance values. The output voltage of the oscillation circuit 2b is applied to the input terminal of the circuit. Then, the divided voltage by the impedance elements Z1 and Z2 and the impedance element Z
The difference voltage between the voltage and the divided voltage due to the impedance Zx between the electrode 3a and the electrodes 1a and 1b is amplified by the differential amplifier circuit 2c, and the detection circuit 2d detects the output voltage of the differential amplifier circuit 2c to increase the impedance Zx. A voltage corresponding to the output is output to the output circuit unit 3. The output circuit unit 3 outputs a voltage signal having a voltage value corresponding to the impedance Zx to the outside, for example, by amplifying the output of the detection circuit 2d.

【0024】図3(a)(b)は本実施形態の水分量セ
ンサを使い捨ておむつに取り付けた状態を示しており、
排尿によるおむつの濡れを検出して介護者に報知し、お
むつの交換を促すといった用途に用いられる。この使い
捨ておむつはパッド型おむつであり、所謂紙おむつや尿
取りパッドのようなパッド型の吸収体10を有し、吸収
体10における吸収面と反対側の面には、短冊状の電極
1a,1bが吸収体10の短幅方向における両側部に吸
収体10の長手方向に沿って取り付けられている。
FIGS. 3A and 3B show a state in which the moisture content sensor of the present embodiment is attached to a disposable diaper.
It is used for purposes such as detecting diaper wetness due to urination, notifying a caregiver, and prompting diaper replacement. This disposable diaper is a pad-type diaper and has a pad-type absorber 10 such as a so-called paper diaper or urine absorbing pad, and strip-shaped electrodes 1a and 1b are provided on the surface of the absorber 10 opposite to the absorption surface. Are attached to both sides in the short width direction of the absorber 10 along the longitudinal direction of the absorber 10.

【0025】ここで、おむつを装着した被介護者が排尿
し、吸収体10が水分を吸収すると、図4に示すように
両電極1a,1b間の水分量に応じて両電極1a,1b
間のインピーダンスZxが変化する。インピーダンスZ
xは水分量の増加に伴って低下するので、インピーダン
ス要素Z3と電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxと
の分圧比が変化して、差動増幅回路2cの出力電圧が増
加し、検波回路2dの出力が増加する。そして、出力回
路部3では検出回路部2の出力に応じた電圧信号を発生
しており、水分量に応じた大きさの電圧信号を外部に出
力することができる(図5参照)。尚、電極1a,1b
は全面が絶縁体で覆われているので、電極1a,1b間
に水分が存在しても電極1a,1b間が短絡することは
ない。
Here, when the care receiver wearing the diaper urinates and the absorber 10 absorbs moisture, as shown in FIG. 4, both electrodes 1a, 1b are changed according to the amount of water between the electrodes 1a, 1b.
The impedance Zx between them changes. Impedance Z
Since x decreases with an increase in the amount of water, the voltage division ratio between the impedance element Z3 and the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b changes, the output voltage of the differential amplifier circuit 2c increases, and the output voltage of the detection circuit 2d increases. The output increases. Then, the output circuit section 3 generates a voltage signal corresponding to the output of the detection circuit section 2, and can output a voltage signal having a magnitude corresponding to the moisture content to the outside (see FIG. 5). The electrodes 1a, 1b
Since the entire surface is covered with an insulator, even if moisture exists between the electrodes 1a and 1b, there is no short circuit between the electrodes 1a and 1b.

【0026】上述のように本実施形態の水分量センサで
は、出力回路部3が電極1a,1b間の水分量に応じた
アナログ信号を出力しているので、この水分量センサを
使い捨ておむつに取り付け、出力回路部3のアナログ信
号と所定のしきい値との高低を比較し、アナログ信号が
しきい値を越えると報知信号を発生する報知回路(図示
せず)を設けることにより、水分量(すなわち排尿の
量)が所定量に達した時点で報知信号を発生し、介護者
に対しておむつの交換を促すことができ、介護者や保護
者の作業負担を低減し、適切な時期におむつ交換を行う
ことができる。
As described above, in the moisture content sensor of the present embodiment, the output circuit section 3 outputs an analog signal corresponding to the moisture content between the electrodes 1a and 1b. Therefore, this moisture content sensor is attached to a disposable diaper. By providing a notification circuit (not shown) for comparing the level of the analog signal of the output circuit unit 3 with a predetermined threshold value and generating a notification signal when the analog signal exceeds the threshold value, the water content ( That is, when the amount of urination reaches a predetermined amount, a notification signal is generated, which can prompt the caregiver to change diapers, reduce the work load on the caregiver and the guardian, and provide an appropriate time for the diaper. Exchange can take place.

【0027】(実施形態2)本発明の実施形態2を図6
及び図7を参照して説明する。実施形態1の水分量セン
サでは、電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとイン
ピーダンス要素Z1〜Z3とでブリッジ回路2aを構成
し、ブリッジ回路2aの出力から水分量変化に応じたイ
ンピーダンス変化を検出しているが、本実施形態の水分
量センサでは、電極1a,b間の電極間容量を含むLC
発振回路からなる発振回路2eと、発振回路2eの発振
周波数に応じた電圧を発生する周波数−電圧変換回路2
fとで検出回路部2を構成し、外付けの発振周波数設定
用コンデンサの接続端にそれぞれ電極1a,1bの一端
を接続してある。すなわち、電極1a,1b間の電極間
容量により外付けの発振周波数設定用コンデンサを構成
している。尚、検出回路部2以外の構成は実施形態1と
同様であるので、同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し
て、その説明を省略する。
(Embodiment 2) FIG. 6 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In the moisture sensor according to the first embodiment, a bridge circuit 2a is configured by the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b and the impedance elements Z1 to Z3, and detects a change in impedance according to a change in moisture from the output of the bridge circuit 2a. However, in the moisture content sensor according to the present embodiment, the LC including the interelectrode capacitance between the electrodes 1a and 1b is used.
An oscillation circuit 2e comprising an oscillation circuit; and a frequency-voltage conversion circuit 2 for generating a voltage corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit 2e.
f constitutes the detection circuit section 2, and one end of each of the electrodes 1a and 1b is connected to the connection end of an external oscillation frequency setting capacitor. That is, an external oscillation frequency setting capacitor is formed by the capacitance between the electrodes 1a and 1b. Since the configuration other than the detection circuit unit 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

【0028】ここで、おむつを装着した被介護者が排尿
し、吸収体10が水分を吸収すると、両電極1a,1b
間に存在する水分によって両電極1a,1b間のインピ
ーダンスZxが低下する。また、電極1a,1bは全面
が絶縁体で覆われているので、電極1a,1b間に存在
する水分量が増加しても電極1a,1b間が短絡するこ
とはなく、電極1a,1b間の誘電率が増加して、その
静電容量が増加することになる。したがって、水分量の
増加に伴って電極1a,1b間の電極間容量C1が増加
し、発振回路2eの発振周波数が低下する(図7参
照)。周波数−電圧変換回路2fは発振回路2eの発振
周波数に応じた電圧値の出力電圧を発生し、出力回路部
3が周波数−電圧変換回路2fの出力電圧を増幅するな
どして水分量に応じた電圧信号を発生するので、実施形
態1の水分量センサと同様に、水分量に応じた大きさの
アナログ信号(電圧信号)を外部に出力することができ
る。
Here, when the care receiver wearing the diaper urinates and the absorber 10 absorbs moisture, the two electrodes 1a, 1b
The impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b is reduced by the moisture present between them. Further, since the electrodes 1a and 1b are entirely covered with an insulator, even if the amount of water existing between the electrodes 1a and 1b increases, there is no short circuit between the electrodes 1a and 1b. Will increase, and its capacitance will increase. Accordingly, the interelectrode capacitance C1 between the electrodes 1a and 1b increases with an increase in the amount of water, and the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit 2e decreases (see FIG. 7). The frequency-voltage conversion circuit 2f generates an output voltage having a voltage value corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit 2e, and the output circuit unit 3 amplifies the output voltage of the frequency-voltage conversion circuit 2f, for example, in accordance with the amount of water. Since the voltage signal is generated, an analog signal (voltage signal) having a size corresponding to the water content can be output to the outside similarly to the water content sensor of the first embodiment.

【0029】尚、本実施形態では発振回路2eを、電極
1a,1b間の電極間容量(静電容量)を含むを含むL
C発振回路により構成しているが、発振回路をLC発振
回路に限定する趣旨のものではなく、電極1a,1b間
の電極間容量を含むRC発振回路により構成しても良い
ことは言うまでもない。
In the present embodiment, the oscillation circuit 2e is provided with an L including an interelectrode capacitance (electrostatic capacitance) between the electrodes 1a and 1b.
Although constituted by the C oscillation circuit, it is needless to say that the oscillation circuit is not limited to the LC oscillation circuit, but may be constituted by an RC oscillation circuit including a capacitance between the electrodes 1a and 1b.

【0030】(実施形態3)本発明の実施形態3を図8
を参照して説明する。実施形態1の水分量センサでは、
電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとインピーダン
ス要素Z1〜Z3とでブリッジ回路2aを構成し、ブリ
ッジ回路2aの出力から水分量変化に応じたインピーダ
ンス変化を検出しているが、本実施形態の水分量センサ
では、発振回路2bの高電位側出力端に、インピーダン
ス値が既知の抵抗或いはコンデンサからなる第1のイン
ピーダンス要素(以下、インピーダンス要素と略す。)
Z0を介して一方の電極1aを接続すると共に、他方の
電極1bを発振回路2bの低電位側出力端を接続し、発
振回路2bの発振出力をインピーダンス要素Z0と電極
1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとで分圧している。
そして、分圧した電圧をバッファ回路2gを介して検波
回路2dに出力し、検波回路2dで検波して、インピー
ダンスZxに応じた電圧を出力回路部3に出力する。
尚、検出回路部2以外の構成は実施形態1と同様である
ので、同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説
明を省略する。
(Embodiment 3) Embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In the moisture content sensor according to the first embodiment,
The bridge circuit 2a is configured by the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b and the impedance elements Z1 to Z3, and the impedance change according to the change in the water content is detected from the output of the bridge circuit 2a. In the sensor, a first impedance element (hereinafter abbreviated as an impedance element) composed of a resistor or a capacitor having a known impedance value is provided at the high potential side output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b.
One electrode 1a is connected via Z0, the other electrode 1b is connected to the low potential side output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b, and the oscillation output of the oscillation circuit 2b is connected to the impedance Zx between the impedance element Z0 and the electrodes 1a and 1b. And partial pressure.
Then, the divided voltage is output to the detection circuit 2d via the buffer circuit 2g, detected by the detection circuit 2d, and output to the output circuit unit 3 a voltage corresponding to the impedance Zx.
Since the configuration other than the detection circuit unit 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

【0031】ここで、おむつを装着した被介護者が排尿
し、吸収体10が水分を吸収すると、両電極1a,1b
間に存在する水分によって両電極1a,1b間のインピ
ーダンスZxが変化する。インピーダンスZxは水分量
の増加に伴って低下するので、インピーダンス要素Z0
と電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとによる分圧
電圧が低下し、検波回路2dの出力が低下する。したが
って、出力回路部3の出力する電圧信号が低下し、水分
量に応じた大きさのアナログ信号(電圧信号)を発生す
ることができる。
Here, when the care receiver wearing the diaper urinates and the absorber 10 absorbs moisture, the two electrodes 1a, 1b
The impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b changes due to the moisture present between them. Since the impedance Zx decreases as the amount of water increases, the impedance element Z0
And the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b, the divided voltage decreases, and the output of the detection circuit 2d decreases. Therefore, the voltage signal output from the output circuit unit 3 decreases, and an analog signal (voltage signal) having a magnitude corresponding to the amount of moisture can be generated.

【0032】尚、本実施形態の水分量センサでは、イン
ピーダンス値が既知のインピーダンス要素Z0と、電極
1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとで分圧回路を構成
しているので、電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZx
とインピーダンス要素Z1〜Z3とでブリッジ回路を構
成する場合に比べて、回路構成を簡単にできる。
In the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment, a voltage dividing circuit is constituted by the impedance element Z0 having a known impedance value and the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b. Impedance Zx
The circuit configuration can be simplified as compared with the case where a bridge circuit is formed by the impedance elements Z1 to Z3.

【0033】また本実施形態の水分量センサでは、発振
回路2bの高電位側出力端にインピーダンス値が既知の
インピーダンス要素Z0を介して一方の電極1aを接続
すると共に、他方の電極1bを発振回路2bの低電位側
出力端を接続しているが、発振回路2bの高電位側出力
端に一方の電極1aを接続すると共に、他方の電極1b
をインピーダンス値が既知のインピーダンス要素Z0を
介して発振回路2bの低電位側出力端に接続しても良
く、上述と同様に水分量に応じた大きさのアナログ信号
を外部に出力することができる。
In the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment, one electrode 1a is connected to the high-potential output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b via an impedance element Z0 having a known impedance value, and the other electrode 1b is connected to the oscillation circuit. 2b is connected to the low-potential output terminal. One electrode 1a is connected to the high-potential output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b, and the other electrode 1b is connected.
May be connected to the low potential side output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b via an impedance element Z0 having a known impedance value, and an analog signal having a magnitude corresponding to the amount of moisture can be output to the outside in the same manner as described above. .

【0034】(実施形態4)本発明の実施形態4を図9
を参照して説明する。実施形態1の水分量センサでは、
電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとインピーダン
ス要素Z1〜Z3とでブリッジ回路2aを構成し、ブリ
ッジ回路2aの出力から水分量変化に応じたインピーダ
ンス変化を検出しているが、本実施形態の水分量センサ
では、発振回路2bの出力端に抵抗値が既知のインピー
ダンス要素Z0を介してオペアンプ(演算増幅器)OP
1の反転入力端子を接続すると共に、電極1a,1bを
オペアンプOP1の反転入力端子及び出力端子にそれぞ
れ接続し、オペアンプOP1の出力を検波回路2dによ
り検波し、電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxに応
じた電圧を出力回路部3に出力している。尚、検出回路
部2以外の構成は実施形態1と同様であるので、同一の
構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略す
る。
(Embodiment 4) Embodiment 4 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In the moisture content sensor according to the first embodiment,
The bridge circuit 2a is configured by the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b and the impedance elements Z1 to Z3, and the impedance change according to the change in the water content is detected from the output of the bridge circuit 2a. In the sensor, an operational amplifier (operational amplifier) OP is connected to an output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b via an impedance element Z0 having a known resistance value.
1 and the electrodes 1a and 1b are connected to the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1, respectively, and the output of the operational amplifier OP1 is detected by the detection circuit 2d to obtain the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b. The corresponding voltage is output to the output circuit unit 3. Since the configuration other than the detection circuit unit 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

【0035】ここに、オペアンプOP1とインピーダン
ス要素Z0と電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxと
で反転増幅回路2hが構成され、反転増幅回路2hの増
幅率は、インピーダンス要素Z0のインピーダンスと電
極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxとの抵抗比によっ
て決定される。また、インピーダンス要素Z0により、
オペアンプOP1の反転入力端子に一端が接続された第
2のインピーダンス要素が構成され、電極1a,1b間
のインピーダンスZxにより、オペアンプOP1の反転
入力端子と出力端子との間に接続された第3のインピー
ダンス要素が構成される。
Here, an operational amplifier OP1, an impedance element Z0, and an impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a, 1b constitute an inverting amplifier circuit 2h. The amplification factor of the inverting amplifier circuit 2h is determined by the impedance of the impedance element Z0 and the electrodes 1a, 1b. It is determined by the resistance ratio with the impedance Zx between them. Further, by the impedance element Z0,
A second impedance element having one end connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 is formed, and a third impedance element connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1 is formed by the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b. An impedance element is configured.

【0036】ここで、おむつを装着した被介護者が排尿
し、吸収体10が水分を吸収すると、両電極1a,1b
間に存在する水分によって両電極1a,1b間のインピ
ーダンスZxが変化する。インピーダンスZxは水分量
の増加に伴って低下するので、反転増幅回路2hの増幅
率が低下し、検波回路2dの出力が低下する。したがっ
て、出力回路部3の電圧信号が低下し、水分量に応じた
アナログ信号(電圧信号)を発生することができる。
Here, when the care receiver wearing the diaper urinates and the absorber 10 absorbs moisture, the two electrodes 1a, 1b
The impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b changes due to the moisture present between them. Since the impedance Zx decreases with an increase in the amount of water, the amplification factor of the inverting amplifier circuit 2h decreases, and the output of the detection circuit 2d decreases. Therefore, the voltage signal of the output circuit unit 3 decreases, and an analog signal (voltage signal) corresponding to the amount of moisture can be generated.

【0037】ところで、実施形態2の水分量センサで
は、発振回路2bの発振周波数を決定するコンデンサC
1の両端に電極1a,1bをそれぞれ接続しているの
で、電極1a,1b、すなわちコンデンサC1の両端と
グランドとの間に容量結合(以下、浮遊容量と言う。)
が発生し、浮遊容量が変化することによって発振回路2
bの発振周波数が変化する虞があり、測定精度が悪化す
る虞がある。それに対して、本実施形態の水分量センサ
では電極1a,1bをオペアンプOP1の非反転入力端
子と出力端子にそれぞれ接続しており、反転入力端子に
発生する浮遊容量については、オペアンプOP1の反転
入力端子が接地され、且つ、非反転入力端子と反転入力
端子とが仮想的に短絡されているから(イマジナリショ
ート)、反転入力端子に発生する浮遊容量の影響は少な
くなっている。また、出力端子に発生する浮遊容量につ
いても、出力インピーダンスが小さいため、浮遊容量の
影響が少なくなっており、実施形態2の水分量センサの
ように浮遊容量の変化によって測定精度が悪化するのを
防止できる。
In the moisture sensor according to the second embodiment, the capacitor C for determining the oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit 2b is used.
Since the electrodes 1a and 1b are connected to both ends of the capacitor 1, respectively, capacitive coupling between the electrodes 1a and 1b, that is, both ends of the capacitor C1 and the ground (hereinafter referred to as stray capacitance).
Occurs and the stray capacitance changes, causing the oscillation circuit 2
The oscillation frequency of b may change, and the measurement accuracy may deteriorate. On the other hand, in the moisture content sensor of the present embodiment, the electrodes 1a and 1b are connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1, respectively, and the stray capacitance generated at the inverting input terminal is determined by the inverting input of the operational amplifier OP1. Since the terminal is grounded and the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal are virtually short-circuited (imaginary short), the influence of the stray capacitance generated at the inverting input terminal is reduced. Also, regarding the stray capacitance generated at the output terminal, since the output impedance is small, the influence of the stray capacitance is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is deteriorated by the change in the stray capacitance as in the moisture content sensor of the second embodiment. Can be prevented.

【0038】尚、本実施形態の水分量センサでは、発振
回路2bの出力端とオペアンプOP1の反転入力端子と
の間にインピーダンス要素Z0を接続すると共に、電極
1a,1bをオペアンプOP1の反転入力端子及び出力
端子にそれぞれ接続しているが、電極1a,1bを発振
回路2bの出力端とオペアンプOP1の反転入力端子と
にそれぞれ接続すると共に、オペアンプOP1の反転入
力端子と出力端子との間にインピーダンス要素Z0を接
続しても良く、水分量の増加に伴って電極1a,1b間
のインピーダンスZxが低下するので、反転増幅回路2
hの増幅率が増加し、検波回路2dの出力が増加する。
したがって、出力回路部3の電圧信号が増加し、水分量
に応じたアナログ信号(電圧信号)を発生させることが
できる。
In the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment, the impedance element Z0 is connected between the output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1, and the electrodes 1a and 1b are connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1. The electrodes 1a and 1b are connected to the output terminal of the oscillation circuit 2b and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier OP1, respectively, and the impedance is set between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP1. The element Z0 may be connected, and the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b decreases with an increase in the amount of water.
The amplification factor of h increases, and the output of the detection circuit 2d increases.
Therefore, the voltage signal of the output circuit unit 3 increases, and an analog signal (voltage signal) corresponding to the moisture content can be generated.

【0039】(実施形態5)本発明の実施形態5を図1
0(a)(b)を参照して説明する。本実施形態では、
実施形態1の水分量センサにおいて、長尺の導電板から
なる一対の電極1a,1bを所定の距離を開けた状態で
同一平面上に配置し、電極1a,1b全体を絶縁体11
で覆って電極部1を形成している。尚、電極部1以外の
構成は実施形態1の水分量センサと同様であるので、同
一の構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略
する。
(Embodiment 5) FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment,
In the moisture content sensor according to the first embodiment, a pair of electrodes 1a and 1b made of a long conductive plate are arranged on the same plane with a predetermined distance between them, and the entire electrodes 1a and 1b are made of an insulator 11.
To form an electrode portion 1. Since the configuration other than the electrode unit 1 is the same as that of the moisture sensor of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

【0040】上述のように本実施形態では電極1a,1
b全体を絶縁体11で覆っているので、電極1a,1b
の表面が腐食されることはなく、電極1a,1b自体の
電気的な特性が変化するのを防止できる。
As described above, in the present embodiment, the electrodes 1a, 1
b is covered with the insulator 11, the electrodes 1a, 1b
Of the electrodes 1a and 1b can be prevented from being changed.

【0041】(実施形態6)ところで、図11は実施形
態5の水分量センサが取り付けられた使い捨ておむつの
装着状態を示しており、吸収体10は股間を覆うように
して装着されるため、使用者が不快感を感じないよう
に、吸収体10の幅寸法を小さくする必要がある。実施
形態5の水分量センサでは、図12に示すように電極1
a,1bが所定の距離をおいて同一平面上に配置されて
おり、電極部1の全幅Wbを小さくするためには、電極
1a,1bの幅寸法Waを小さくする必要がある。
(Embodiment 6) FIG. 11 shows a disposable diaper to which the moisture sensor of Embodiment 5 is attached, and the absorbent body 10 is attached so as to cover the crotch. It is necessary to reduce the width of the absorber 10 so that the user does not feel discomfort. In the moisture content sensor according to the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The widths Wa of the electrodes 1a and 1b need to be reduced in order to reduce the total width Wb of the electrode section 1.

【0042】図13は、電極1a,1bの幅寸法Waを
それぞれW1,W2,W3(W1<W2<W3)とした
場合の水分量と電極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZx
との関係を示しており、電極1a,1bの幅寸法Waが
小さくなるにつれて、水分量変化に対するインピーダン
ス変化が小さくなっている。したがって、使用者の不快
感を低減するために電極1a,1bの幅寸法Waを小さ
くすると、水分量変化に対するインピーダンス変化が小
さくなり、水分量に応じて変化するインピーダンスZx
の変化を検出しにくいという問題がある。
FIG. 13 shows the water content and the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b when the width Wa of the electrodes 1a and 1b is W1, W2 and W3 (W1 <W2 <W3), respectively.
This indicates that as the width Wa of the electrodes 1a and 1b becomes smaller, the change in impedance with respect to the change in water content becomes smaller. Therefore, when the width Wa of the electrodes 1a and 1b is reduced to reduce the discomfort of the user, the impedance change with respect to the change in the water content is reduced, and the impedance Zx that changes in accordance with the water content is reduced.
There is a problem that it is difficult to detect the change in

【0043】そこで、本実施形態の水分量センサでは、
図14(a)(b)に示すように、互いに表面積の異な
る1対の電極1a,1bを所定の距離をおいて厚み方向
(すなわち検出面と交差する方向)に並べて配置し、一
対の電極1a,1bの内、検出面と反対側の電極1bの
表面積を検出面側の電極1aの表面積に比べて大きく
し、両電極1a,1b全体を絶縁体11で覆って電極部
1を構成している。尚、電極部1以外の構成は実施形態
1の水分量センサと同様であるので、同一の構成要素に
は同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
Therefore, in the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment,
As shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B, a pair of electrodes 1a and 1b having different surface areas are arranged at a predetermined distance in a thickness direction (ie, a direction intersecting the detection surface). Of the electrodes 1a and 1b, the surface area of the electrode 1b on the side opposite to the detection surface is made larger than the surface area of the electrode 1a on the detection surface side, and the entire electrode 1a and 1b is covered with an insulator 11 to form the electrode section 1. ing. Since the configuration other than the electrode unit 1 is the same as that of the moisture sensor of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

【0044】このように、一対の電極1a,1bは厚み
方向に並べて配置されているので、電極1a,1bを同
一平面内に並べて配置した場合に比べて、電極部1全体
の幅寸法を大きくすること無く、各電極1a,1bの幅
寸法を大きくすることができる。したがって、水分量の
変化により発生する電極1a,1b間のインピーダンス
変化を大きくして、水分量変化に応じて発生するインピ
ーダンスZxの変化を検出し易くできる。
As described above, since the pair of electrodes 1a and 1b are arranged side by side in the thickness direction, the overall width of the electrode section 1 is made larger than when the electrodes 1a and 1b are arranged side by side on the same plane. Without doing this, it is possible to increase the width of each of the electrodes 1a and 1b. Therefore, it is possible to increase the impedance change between the electrodes 1a and 1b caused by the change in the water content, and to easily detect the change in the impedance Zx generated according to the change in the water content.

【0045】(実施形態7)ところで、実施形態5の水
分量センサを取り付けた使い捨ておむつは、図11に示
すように、吸収体10が股間を覆うようにして装着され
るため、使用者の姿勢や動作によって、図16に示すよ
うに電極1a,1bが捻れたり、縒れたりすると、電極
1a,1b間の距離が変化し、そのインピーダンスZx
が変化して、誤動作する虞がある。
(Embodiment 7) By the way, as shown in FIG. 11, the disposable diaper to which the moisture sensor according to Embodiment 5 is attached is mounted so that the absorber 10 covers the crotch, so that the posture of the user is changed. When the electrodes 1a and 1b are twisted or twisted as shown in FIG. 16 due to the operation or the operation, the distance between the electrodes 1a and 1b changes, and the impedance Zx
May change and malfunction may occur.

【0046】そこで、本実施形態の水分量センサでは、
図15(a)(b)に示すように、短冊状の導電板から
なる電極1aと、コ字状の導電板からなる電極1bとを
同一平面上に配置し、両電極1a,1b全体を絶縁体1
1で覆って矩形板状の電極部1を構成している。ここ
で、電極1bは側片1c,1cの一端部を連結片1dで
連結することによりコ字状に形成され、側片1c,1c
の間に電極1aを配置することにより、電極1aを電極
1bで囲い込むようにして同一平面上に配置されてお
り、電極1a,1bは電極部1の短幅方向における中心
線に対して略対称な形状に形成されている。そして、電
極部1は長手方向が吸収体10の長手方向に沿うように
して吸収体10に取り付けられている。尚、電極部1以
外の構成は実施形態1の水分量センサと同様であるの
で、同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説明
を省略する。
Therefore, in the moisture content sensor of the present embodiment,
As shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b), an electrode 1a made of a strip-shaped conductive plate and an electrode 1b made of a U-shaped conductive plate are arranged on the same plane. Insulator 1
1 to form a rectangular plate-shaped electrode portion 1. Here, the electrode 1b is formed in a U-shape by connecting one end of the side pieces 1c, 1c with a connecting piece 1d, and the side pieces 1c, 1c are formed.
By arranging the electrode 1a therebetween, the electrode 1a is arranged on the same plane so as to be surrounded by the electrode 1b, and the electrodes 1a and 1b are substantially symmetric with respect to the center line in the short width direction of the electrode portion 1. It is formed in a shape. The electrode section 1 is attached to the absorber 10 such that the longitudinal direction is along the longitudinal direction of the absorber 10. Since the configuration other than the electrode unit 1 is the same as that of the moisture sensor of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

【0047】ところで、本実施形態の水分量センサを取
り付けた使い捨ておむつを装着する場合、吸収体10で
股間を覆うようにして装着されるから、電極部1は短幅
方向における中心線を軸として曲げられることになり、
実施形態1の水分量センサのように、電極1a,1bを
電極部1の短幅方向における中心線の両側に配置した場
合は、異なる電位を持った電極1a,1bが近付くた
め、電極1a,1b間の容量変化が大きくなる。それに
対して、本実施形態の水分量センサでは電極1a,1b
が電極部1の短幅方向における中心線に対して略対称な
形状に形成され、電極1aを取り囲むようにして電極1
bが配置されているから、電極部1が短幅方向における
中心線を軸として曲げられた場合でも、図15(c)に
示すように、電極1aの短幅方向における両側部、電極
1bの両側片1c,1cがそれぞれ互いに接近するた
め、同一の電位を持った電極1a,1bの部位がそれぞ
れ接近することになり、しかも両電極1a,1b間の距
離はあまり変化しないから、電極1a,1b間の容量変
化(インピーダンス変化)が殆どなく、誤動作を防止す
ることができる。
When the disposable diaper to which the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment is attached is attached so as to cover the crotch with the absorber 10, the electrode portion 1 is centered on the center line in the short width direction. Will be bent,
When the electrodes 1a and 1b are arranged on both sides of the center line in the short width direction of the electrode unit 1 as in the moisture content sensor according to the first embodiment, the electrodes 1a and 1b having different potentials approach each other. The capacitance change between 1b becomes large. On the other hand, in the moisture content sensor of the present embodiment, the electrodes 1a, 1b
Are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the short width direction of the electrode portion 1 and surround the electrode 1a.
15B, even if the electrode portion 1 is bent about the center line in the short width direction as an axis, as shown in FIG. 15C, both sides of the electrode 1a in the short width direction and the electrode 1b Since the side pieces 1c and 1c approach each other, the portions of the electrodes 1a and 1b having the same potential approach each other, and the distance between the electrodes 1a and 1b does not change much. There is almost no capacitance change (impedance change) between 1b, and malfunction can be prevented.

【0048】(実施形態8)実施形態7の水分量センサ
では、電極1a,1bを電極部1の短幅方向における中
心線に対して略対称な形状に形成すると共に、一方の電
極1bで他方の電極1bを囲い込むようにして、両電極
1a,1bを同一平面上に配置しているが、本実施形態
の水分量センサでは、図17(a)(b)に示すよう
に、電極1a,1bが電極部1の長手方向における中心
線に対して略対称な形状となるよう、電極1a,1bを
所定の間隔を開けて同一平面上に配置し、電極1a,1
b全体を絶縁体11で覆って電極部1を形成している。
尚、電極部1以外の構成は実施形態1の水分量センサと
同様であるので、同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し
て、その説明を省略する。
(Embodiment 8) In the moisture content sensor according to Embodiment 7, the electrodes 1a and 1b are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the short width direction of the electrode portion 1, and one electrode 1b is used for the other. Both electrodes 1a and 1b are arranged on the same plane so as to surround the electrode 1b. However, in the moisture sensor of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. The electrodes 1a and 1b are arranged on the same plane at a predetermined interval so that the electrodes 1a and 1b are substantially symmetrical with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion 1.
The electrode portion 1 is formed by covering the entire portion b with an insulator 11.
Since the configuration other than the electrode unit 1 is the same as that of the moisture sensor of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

【0049】本実施形態の水分量センサを取り付けた使
い捨ておむつを装着する場合、吸収体10で股間を覆う
ようにして装着されるから、電極部1は短幅方向におけ
る中心線を軸として曲げられるが、上述のように電極1
a,1bは電極部1の長手方向における中心線に対して
略対称な形状に形成され、所定の間隔を開けて同一平面
上に配置されているので、電極1a,1b間の距離があ
まり変化せず、電極1a,1b間の容量変化(インピー
ダンス変化)が少ないため、誤動作を防止することがで
きる。また同時に電極1a,1bは電極部1の長手方向
における中心線を軸として曲げられるが、この場合電極
1a,1b間には人体が存在するため、電極1a,1b
間のインピーダンスが変化することはなく、誤動作する
ことはない。
When the disposable diaper to which the moisture content sensor of the present embodiment is attached is attached so as to cover the crotch with the absorber 10, the electrode portion 1 can be bent around the center line in the short width direction. However, as described above, the electrode 1
Since a and 1b are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion 1 and are arranged on the same plane with a predetermined interval, the distance between the electrodes 1a and 1b varies very little. However, since there is little change in capacitance (change in impedance) between the electrodes 1a and 1b, malfunction can be prevented. At the same time, the electrodes 1a and 1b are bent around the center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion 1. In this case, since a human body exists between the electrodes 1a and 1b, the electrodes 1a and 1b are bent.
The impedance between them does not change, and no malfunction occurs.

【0050】(実施形態9)ところで、実施形態1の水
分量センサでは、電極部1が検出面と略直交する方向に
おいて対称な形状に形成されており、電極部1における
吸収体10と反対側の面から導電体が接近した場合、電
極1a,1b間のインピーダンスZxが変化して、誤動
作する虞があった。
(Embodiment 9) By the way, in the moisture content sensor of Embodiment 1, the electrode portion 1 is formed in a symmetrical shape in a direction substantially orthogonal to the detection surface, and the electrode portion 1 is on the opposite side to the absorber 10. When the conductor approaches from the surface, the impedance Zx between the electrodes 1a and 1b changes, and there is a risk of malfunction.

【0051】そこで、本実施形態の水分量センサでは、
図18(a)(b)に示すように、一対の電極1a,1
bを所定の間隔を開けて同一平面上に並べて配置すると
共に、電極1a,1bに対して検出面(すなわち吸収体
10)と反対側に所定の間隔を開けて平板状の導電体か
らなるシールド部材12を配置し、電極1a,1b及び
シールド部材12の全体を絶縁体11で覆って、電極部
1を形成している。尚、電極部1以外の構成は実施形態
1の水分量センサと同様であるので、同一の構成要素に
は同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
Therefore, in the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment,
As shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, a pair of electrodes 1a, 1a
b are arranged side by side at predetermined intervals on the same plane, and a shield made of a plate-like conductor is arranged at predetermined intervals on the opposite side of the electrodes 1a and 1b from the detection surface (that is, the absorber 10). The electrode portion 1 is formed by disposing the member 12 and covering the entirety of the electrodes 1 a and 1 b and the shield member 12 with the insulator 11. Since the configuration other than the electrode unit 1 is the same as that of the moisture sensor of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

【0052】ここで、シールド部材12はグランドに接
地されており、その表面積は両電極1a,1bの表面積
の和よりも大きく、両電極1a,1bの全体を覆うよう
にして配置されているので、非検出面側(吸収体10と
反対側)から導電体が接近してきたとしても、電極1
a,1b間のインピーダンスZxが変化することはな
く、誤動作を防止することができる。
Here, the shield member 12 is grounded to ground, and its surface area is larger than the sum of the surface areas of both electrodes 1a and 1b, and is arranged so as to cover the entirety of both electrodes 1a and 1b. Even if the conductor approaches from the non-detection surface side (the side opposite to the absorber 10), the electrode 1
The impedance Zx between a and 1b does not change, and malfunction can be prevented.

【0053】尚、本実施形態の水分量センサではシール
ド部材12を平板状に形成しているため、シールド効果
が大きく、電極1a,1b間に発生する電磁界が弱めら
れて、水分量変化に応じて発生する電極1a,1b間の
インピーダンス変化が小さくなる。そこで、図19
(a)(b)に示すように、平板状のシールド部材12
の代わりにメッシュ状の導電体からなるシールド部材1
2’を用いても良く、シールド効果を維持しつつ、電極
1a,1b間に発生する電磁界が極端に弱められるのを
防止して、電極1a,1b間のインピーダンス変化を検
出しやすくすることができる。
In the moisture sensor according to the present embodiment, since the shield member 12 is formed in a flat plate shape, the shielding effect is large, the electromagnetic field generated between the electrodes 1a and 1b is weakened, and the moisture content changes. Accordingly, a change in impedance between the electrodes 1a and 1b, which occurs, becomes small. Therefore, FIG.
(A) As shown in FIG.
Shield member 1 made of a mesh-shaped conductor instead of
2 'may be used to prevent the electromagnetic field generated between the electrodes 1a and 1b from being extremely weakened while maintaining the shielding effect, thereby facilitating the detection of the impedance change between the electrodes 1a and 1b. Can be.

【0054】また、本実施形態では電極1a,1bとは
別にシールド部材12,12’を設けているが、上述し
た実施形態6の水分量センサにおいて、1対の電極1
a,1bの内、表面積の大きい電極1bをグランドに接
地することにより、電極1bをシールド部材に兼用する
ことができ、部品点数を減らすことができる。
In the present embodiment, the shield members 12 and 12 'are provided separately from the electrodes 1a and 1b.
By grounding the electrode 1b having the larger surface area among the electrodes a and 1b to the ground, the electrode 1b can be used also as a shield member, and the number of components can be reduced.

【0055】ところで、上述した各実施形態の水分量セ
ンサでは電極1a,1bが平板状に形成されているが、
電極1a,1bの形状を平板状に限定する趣旨のもので
はなく、電極1a,1bを棒状の導電線から構成しても
良い。電極1a,1bを平板状に形成した場合、電極1
a,1bの断面方向における剛性が高く、曲がりにくく
なっているため、使用者の動きに対して電極部1が屈曲
しにくい場合があり、使用者に不快感を与える虞がある
が、電極1a,1bを棒状の導電線から構成することに
よって、電極1a,1bの断面方向における剛性を小さ
くして、屈曲しやすくでき、使用者の不快感を低減でき
る。また、電極1a,1bを導電性を有する複数本の撚
り線から構成しても良く、電極1a,1bを平板状に形
成した場合に比べて屈曲しやすく、しかも電極1a,1
bを1本の導電線から構成した場合に比べて、断線しに
くくできる。
By the way, in the moisture content sensors of the respective embodiments described above, the electrodes 1a and 1b are formed in a flat plate shape.
The shapes of the electrodes 1a and 1b are not intended to be limited to flat plates, and the electrodes 1a and 1b may be formed of rod-shaped conductive wires. When the electrodes 1a and 1b are formed in a plate shape,
The electrodes 1a and 1b have high rigidity in the cross-sectional direction and are difficult to bend, so that the electrode unit 1 may be hard to bend in response to the movement of the user, which may cause discomfort to the user. , 1b are composed of rod-shaped conductive wires, whereby the rigidity in the cross-sectional direction of the electrodes 1a, 1b can be reduced, the electrodes 1a, 1b can be easily bent, and the discomfort of the user can be reduced. Further, the electrodes 1a and 1b may be composed of a plurality of stranded wires having conductivity. The electrodes 1a and 1b are easily bent as compared with the case where the electrodes 1a and 1b are formed in a flat plate shape.
The disconnection can be made more difficult than in the case where b is constituted by one conductive wire.

【0056】[0056]

【発明の効果】上述のように、請求項1の発明は、互い
に絶縁された複数の電極を有する電極部と、電極間の水
分量に応じて変化する電極間の電気的特性値を検出する
検出回路部と、検出回路部の検出結果に応じた大きさの
アナログ信号を発生する出力回路部とを備えて成ること
を特徴とし、検出回路部は水分量に応じて変化する電極
間の電気的特性値を検出し、出力回路部は検出回路部の
検出結果に応じた大きさのアナログ信号を発生している
ので、水分量に応じたアナログ信号を出力できるという
効果がある。例えばこの水分量センサを使い捨ておむつ
に取り付けて、おむつの濡れを検出する場合、水分量に
応じたアナログ信号を出力することができるので、水分
量(すなわち排尿の量)が所定量に達した時点で介護者
に対しておむつの交換を促すことができ、介護者や保護
者の作業負担を低減し、適切な時期におむつ交換を行え
るという効果がある。
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, an electrode portion having a plurality of electrodes insulated from each other and an electrical characteristic value between the electrodes that changes according to the water content between the electrodes are detected. A detection circuit section; and an output circuit section that generates an analog signal having a magnitude corresponding to a detection result of the detection circuit section. Since the output circuit generates the analog signal having a magnitude corresponding to the detection result of the detection circuit, the analog signal can be output according to the amount of moisture. For example, when this moisture sensor is attached to a disposable diaper to detect diaper wetness, an analog signal corresponding to the moisture content can be output, so that when the moisture content (that is, the amount of urination) reaches a predetermined amount, As a result, the caregiver can be encouraged to change the diaper, reduce the work load on the caregiver and the guardian, and can change the diaper at an appropriate time.

【0057】請求項2の発明は、請求項1の発明におい
て、検出回路部は電極間のインピーダンス変化を検出す
ることを特徴とし、請求項1の発明と同様の効果を奏す
る。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the detection circuit detects a change in impedance between the electrodes, and has the same effect as the first aspect of the present invention.

【0058】請求項3の発明は、請求項1の発明におい
て、電極間の静電容量を含む発振回路を備え、検出回路
部は、電極間の水分量に応じて変化する発振回路の発振
周波数から電極間の静電容量変化を検出することを特徴
とし、請求項1の発明と同様の効果を奏する。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, an oscillation circuit including a capacitance between the electrodes is provided, and the detection circuit section includes an oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit which changes according to a water content between the electrodes. , Detecting a change in capacitance between the electrodes, and has the same effect as the first aspect of the present invention.

【0059】請求項4の発明は、請求項2の発明におい
て、検出回路部は、電極間のインピーダンスと、インピ
ーダンス値が既知の第1のインピーダンス要素とで一定
電圧を分圧することにより、電極間のインピーダンス変
化を電圧変化として検出することを特徴とし、電極間の
インピーダンスと第1のインピーダンス要素で分圧回路
を構成し、その分圧電圧から電極間のインピーダンスを
検出しているので、簡単な回路で検出回路部を実現でき
るという効果がある。
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the detection circuit section divides a constant voltage by an impedance between the electrodes and a first impedance element having a known impedance value, thereby forming a voltage between the electrodes. It is characterized by detecting a change in impedance as a voltage change. Since a voltage dividing circuit is configured by the impedance between the electrodes and the first impedance element, and the impedance between the electrodes is detected from the divided voltage, a simple circuit is used. There is an effect that the detection circuit unit can be realized by a circuit.

【0060】請求項5の発明は、請求項2の発明におい
て、検出回路部は、非反転入力端子が接地された演算増
幅器と、演算増幅器の反転入力端子に一端が接続された
第2のインピーダンス要素と、演算増幅器の反転入力端
子と出力端子との間に接続された第3のインピーダンス
要素とで構成される増幅回路を有し、第2又は第3のイ
ンピーダンス要素の内何れか一方を電極間に発生するイ
ンピーダンスで構成し、電極間のインピーダンス変化を
増幅回路の出力電圧の変化として検出することを特徴と
し、演算増幅器の非反転入力端子は接地されており、非
反転入力端子と反転入力端子とは仮想的に短絡されてい
ることから、反転入力端子に接続された電極に発生する
浮遊容量の影響を少なくでき、電極間のインピーダンス
を精度良く検出できるという効果がある。
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the detection circuit section includes an operational amplifier having a non-inverting input terminal grounded, and a second impedance having one end connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. And an amplifier circuit comprising a third impedance element connected between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and one of the second and third impedance elements is connected to an electrode. It comprises impedance generated between the electrodes, and detects a change in impedance between the electrodes as a change in the output voltage of the amplifier circuit.The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is grounded, and the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input Since the terminal is virtually short-circuited, the effect of stray capacitance generated on the electrode connected to the inverting input terminal can be reduced, and the impedance between the electrodes can be accurately detected. There is an effect that that.

【0061】請求項6の発明は、請求項1乃至5の発明
において、一対の電極を所定の間隔を開けて同一平面上
に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極部を形成
したことを特徴とし、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆
っているので、電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化する
のを防止できるという効果がある。
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, a pair of electrodes are arranged on the same plane at a predetermined interval, and the entirety of both electrodes is covered with an insulator to form an electrode portion. Since both the pair of electrodes are covered with the insulator, there is an effect that the electrodes are prevented from being corroded and the electrical characteristics are prevented from being changed.

【0062】請求項7の発明は、請求項1乃至5の発明
において、互いに表面積の異なる一対の電極を、所定の
間隔を開けて検出面と交差する方向に並べて配置し、両
電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極部を形成したことを特
徴とし、一対の電極を同一平面内に並べて配置した場合
に比べて、電極部全体の幅寸法を大きくすることなく、
各電極の幅寸法を大きくできるため、水分量に応じて発
生する電極間のインピーダンス変化を大きくでき、イン
ピーダンス変化を容易に検出できるという効果がある。
しかも、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆っているの
で、電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化するのを防止で
きるという効果がある。
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, a pair of electrodes having different surface areas are arranged side by side in a direction intersecting with the detection surface at a predetermined interval, and the whole of both electrodes is arranged. It is characterized in that the electrode portion is formed by covering with an insulator, compared to a case where a pair of electrodes are arranged side by side in the same plane, without increasing the width of the entire electrode portion,
Since the width dimension of each electrode can be increased, the impedance change between the electrodes generated according to the amount of water can be increased, and the impedance change can be easily detected.
Moreover, since both of the pair of electrodes are covered with the insulator, there is an effect that the electrodes are prevented from being corroded and the electrical characteristics are prevented from being changed.

【0063】請求項8の発明は、請求項1乃至5の発明
において、電極部は矩形状であって、一対の電極を電極
部の短幅方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に形
成し、一方の電極で他方の電極を取り囲むようにして同
一平面上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極
部を形成したことを特徴とし、各電極は電極部の短幅方
向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に形成されてお
り、しかも一方の電極で他方の電極を取り囲むようにし
て同一平面上に配置されているので、電極部が短幅方向
における中心線を軸として捻れたり、縒れたりしても、
一対の電極を短幅方向における中心線の両側に配置した
場合に比べて、両電極間の距離が殆ど変化せず、また同
一の電位を持った電極の部位が接近するだけなので、電
極間のインピーダンス変化が殆どなく、誤動作を防止で
きる。しかも、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆ってい
るので、電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化するのを防
止できるという効果がある。
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the electrode portions are rectangular, and the pair of electrodes are formed to be substantially symmetric with respect to the center line in the short width direction of the electrode portions. One electrode is arranged on the same plane so as to surround the other electrode, and the electrodes are formed by covering the entirety of both electrodes with an insulator. Are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line at the same time, and are arranged on the same plane so that one electrode surrounds the other electrode. Even if it is twisted or twisted,
Compared to a case where a pair of electrodes are arranged on both sides of the center line in the short width direction, the distance between the two electrodes hardly changes, and only the portions of the electrodes having the same potential approach each other. There is almost no change in impedance, and malfunction can be prevented. Moreover, since both of the pair of electrodes are covered with the insulator, there is an effect that the electrodes are prevented from being corroded and the electrical characteristics are prevented from being changed.

【0064】請求項9の発明は、請求項1乃至5の発明
において、電極部は矩形状であって、一対の電極を、電
極部の長手方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に
形成し、電極部の長手方向に沿って所定の間隔を開けて
同一平面上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電
極部を形成したことを特徴とし、一対の電極は、電極部
の長手方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に形成
され、電極部の長手方向に沿って所定の間隔を開けて同
一平面上に配置されているから、電極部が短幅方向にお
ける中心線を軸として捻れたり、縒れたりしても、電極
間の距離があまり変化せず、したがって電極間のインピ
ーダンス変化が殆どないため、誤動作を防止できる。し
かも、一対の電極を両方とも絶縁体で覆っているので、
電極が腐食して、電気的特性が変化するのを防止できる
という効果がある。
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects of the present invention, the electrode portions are rectangular, and the pair of electrodes are formed to be substantially symmetric with respect to a center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portions. The electrodes are arranged on the same plane at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the electrodes, and the electrodes are formed by covering the entirety of both electrodes with an insulator. Are formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction, and are arranged on the same plane at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion. Even if it is twisted or twisted about the axis, the distance between the electrodes does not change much, and therefore the impedance between the electrodes hardly changes, so that malfunction can be prevented. Moreover, since both electrodes are covered with an insulator,
This has the effect of preventing the electrodes from corroding and changing the electrical characteristics.

【0065】請求項10の発明は、請求項6乃至9の発
明において、各電極は弾性を有する平板状の導電体から
なることを特徴とし、請求項6乃至9の発明と同様の効
果を奏する。
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in each of the sixth to ninth aspects, each electrode is made of an elastic plate-shaped conductor, and the same effects as those of the sixth to ninth aspects are obtained. .

【0066】請求項11の発明は、請求項6乃至9の発
明において、各電極は弾性を有する棒状の導電体からな
ることを特徴とし、各電極を平板状とした場合に比べて
屈曲性を高めることができるという効果がある。
According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in each of the sixth to ninth aspects, each electrode is formed of a rod-shaped conductor having elasticity, and has a greater flexibility as compared with a case where each electrode has a flat plate shape. There is an effect that it can be increased.

【0067】請求項12の発明は、請求項6乃至9の発
明において、各電極は弾性を有する複数の導電線の撚り
線からなることを特徴とし、各電極を平板状とした場合
に比べて屈曲性が高くなり、電極部を曲げた状態で取り
付けることができ、且つ各電極を棒状の導電体とした場
合に比べて、各電極を屈曲させた際に断線しにくくでき
るという効果がある。
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in each of the sixth to ninth aspects, each electrode is formed of a stranded wire of a plurality of conductive wires having elasticity. There is an effect that the flexibility is increased, the electrode portion can be mounted in a bent state, and the disconnection is less likely to occur when each electrode is bent as compared with a case where each electrode is a rod-shaped conductor.

【0068】請求項13の発明は、請求項6乃至9の発
明において、両電極の全体を覆うことができる大きさに
形成されグランドに接地されたシールド部材を有し、一
対の電極に対して検出面と反対側に絶縁体を介してシー
ルド部材を配置したことを特徴とし、一対の電極に対し
て検出面と反対側にグランドに接地されたシールド部材
を配置しているから、検出面と反対側から導電体が接近
してきても、各電極間のインピーダンスが変化すること
がなく、誤動作を防止できるという効果がある。
According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the sixth to ninth aspects of the present invention, there is provided a shield member formed to have a size capable of covering both of the electrodes and grounded to the ground. The shield member is arranged via an insulator on the opposite side to the detection surface.Since the shield member grounded to the ground is arranged on the opposite side to the detection surface for the pair of electrodes, the detection surface and Even if the conductor approaches from the opposite side, there is an effect that the impedance between the electrodes does not change and malfunction can be prevented.

【0069】請求項14の発明は、請求項13の発明に
おいて、上記シールド部材は平板状の導電体からなるこ
とを特徴とし、シールド部材によるシールド効果を高
め、誤動作を防止できるという効果がある。
According to a fourteenth aspect, in the thirteenth aspect, the shield member is made of a flat conductor, and the shield effect of the shield member is enhanced, and the malfunction can be prevented.

【0070】請求項15の発明は、請求項13の発明に
おいて、上記シールド部材はメッシュ状の導電体からな
ることを特徴とし、シールド部材を平板状とした場合は
シールド部材によって電極間の電磁界が弱められ水分量
の変化によるインピーダンス変化が減少するが、シール
ド部材をメッシュ状に形成しているので、インピーダン
ス変化の減少を抑制でき、インピーダンス変化を検出し
やすくできるという効果がある。
According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the thirteenth aspect, the shield member is made of a mesh-shaped conductor, and when the shield member is a flat plate, an electromagnetic field between the electrodes is formed by the shield member. Is reduced and the impedance change due to the change in the amount of water is reduced. However, since the shield member is formed in a mesh shape, the reduction in the change in impedance can be suppressed, and the effect that the impedance change can be easily detected can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】実施形態1の水分量センサの概略構成図であ
る。
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a moisture content sensor according to a first embodiment.

【図2】同上の具体回路図である。FIG. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the above.

【図3】同上を使い捨ておむつに取り付けた状態を示
し、(a)が外観斜視図、(b)は側面図である。
3A and 3B show a state where the above is attached to a disposable diaper, wherein FIG. 3A is an external perspective view and FIG. 3B is a side view.

【図4】同上の水分量と電極間インピーダンスとの関係
を示す図である。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the water content and the inter-electrode impedance.

【図5】同上の水分量と出力電圧との関係を示す図であ
る。
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between the same amount of water and output voltage.

【図6】実施形態2の水分量センサの概略構成図であ
る。
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a moisture content sensor according to a second embodiment.

【図7】同上の水分量と発振周波数との関係を示す図で
ある。
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a water content and an oscillation frequency according to the first embodiment.

【図8】実施形態3の水分量センサの概略構成図であ
る。
FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a moisture content sensor according to a third embodiment.

【図9】実施形態4の水分量センサの概略構成図であ
る。
FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a moisture content sensor according to a fourth embodiment.

【図10】実施形態5の水分量センサに用いる電極部を
示し、(a)は外観斜視図、(b)は断面図である。
FIGS. 10A and 10B show an electrode portion used for a moisture content sensor according to a fifth embodiment, wherein FIG. 10A is an external perspective view and FIG.

【図11】同上を取り付けた使い捨ておむつの装着状態
を示す図である。
FIG. 11 is a view showing a disposable diaper to which the above is attached.

【図12】同上に用いる電極部の一部省略せる斜視図で
ある。
FIG. 12 is a perspective view in which part of an electrode unit used in the embodiment is omitted.

【図13】同上の水分量と電極間インピーダンスとの関
係を示す図である。
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the water content and the inter-electrode impedance.

【図14】実施形態6の水分量センサに用いる電極部を
示し、(a)は外観斜視図、(b)は断面図である。
14A and 14B show an electrode unit used for a moisture content sensor according to Embodiment 6, wherein FIG. 14A is an external perspective view and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view.

【図15】実施形態7の水分量センサに用いる電極部を
示し、(a)は外観斜視図、(b)は断面図、(c)は
使用状態を示す外観斜視図である。
15A and 15B show an electrode portion used for a moisture content sensor according to a seventh embodiment, wherein FIG. 15A is an external perspective view, FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 15C is an external perspective view showing a use state.

【図16】実施形態1の水分量センサの使用状態を説明
する説明図である。
FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a usage state of the moisture content sensor according to the first embodiment.

【図17】実施形態8の水分量センサに用いる電極部を
示し、(a)は外観斜視図、(b)は断面図である。
FIGS. 17A and 17B show an electrode portion used in the moisture content sensor according to the eighth embodiment, where FIG. 17A is an external perspective view and FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view.

【図18】実施形態9の水分量センサに用いる電極部を
示し、(a)は外観斜視図、(b)は断面図である。
FIGS. 18A and 18B show an electrode portion used in the moisture content sensor according to the ninth embodiment, where FIG. 18A is an external perspective view and FIG.

【図19】同上に用いる別の電極部を示し、(a)は外
観斜視図、(b)は断面図である。
FIGS. 19A and 19B show another electrode portion used in Embodiment 1, in which FIG. 19A is an external perspective view and FIG. 19B is a sectional view.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 電極部 1a,1b 電極 2 検出回路部 3 出力回路部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 electrode part 1a, 1b electrode 2 detection circuit part 3 output circuit part

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) // A61F 13/49 A41B 13/02 L 13/42 (72)発明者 高田 裕司 大阪府門真市大字門真1048番地松下電工株 式会社内 Fターム(参考) 2G060 AA06 AC01 AE12 AE17 AF06 AF10 AG08 AG10 FA01 HC10 2G067 BB11 CC02 DD22 DD23 DD25 3B029 BE04 CB19 4C098 AA09 CC01 CD08 CD09 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) // A61F 13/49 A41B 13/02 L 13/42 (72) Inventor Yuji Takada Kazuma, Kadoma, Osaka No. 1048 F-term in Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. (Reference) 2G060 AA06 AC01 AE12 AE17 AF06 AF10 AG08 AG10 FA01 HC10 2G067 BB11 CC02 DD22 DD23 DD25 3B029 BE04 CB19 4C098 AA09 CC01 CD08 CD09

Claims (15)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】互いに絶縁された複数の電極を有する電極
部と、電極間の水分量に応じて変化する電極間の電気的
特性値を検出する検出回路部と、検出回路部の検出結果
に応じた大きさのアナログ信号を発生する出力回路部と
を備えて成ることを特徴とする水分量センサ。
An electrode section having a plurality of electrodes insulated from each other, a detection circuit section for detecting an electrical characteristic value between the electrodes that changes according to a water content between the electrodes, and a detection result of the detection circuit section. An output circuit for generating an analog signal of a corresponding size.
【請求項2】検出回路部は電極間のインピーダンス変化
を検出することを特徴とする請求項1記載の水分量セン
サ。
2. The moisture sensor according to claim 1, wherein the detection circuit detects a change in impedance between the electrodes.
【請求項3】電極間の静電容量を含む発振回路を備え、
検出回路部は、電極間の水分量に応じて変化する発振回
路の発振周波数から電極間の静電容量変化を検出するこ
とを特徴とする請求項1記載の水分量センサ。
3. An oscillation circuit including a capacitance between electrodes,
2. The moisture sensor according to claim 1, wherein the detection circuit detects a change in capacitance between the electrodes from an oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit that changes in accordance with the moisture between the electrodes.
【請求項4】検出回路部は、電極間のインピーダンス
と、インピーダンス値が既知の第1のインピーダンス要
素とで一定電圧を分圧することにより、電極間のインピ
ーダンス変化を電圧変化として検出することを特徴とす
る請求項2記載の水分量センサ。
4. A detection circuit for detecting a change in impedance between electrodes as a voltage change by dividing a constant voltage by an impedance between electrodes and a first impedance element having a known impedance value. The moisture sensor according to claim 2, wherein
【請求項5】検出回路部は、非反転入力端子が接地され
た演算増幅器と、演算増幅器の反転入力端子に一端が接
続された第2のインピーダンス要素と、演算増幅器の反
転入力端子と出力端子との間に接続された第3のインピ
ーダンス要素とで構成される増幅回路を有し、第2又は
第3のインピーダンス要素の内何れか一方を電極間に発
生するインピーダンスで構成し、電極間のインピーダン
ス変化を増幅回路の出力電圧の変化として検出すること
を特徴とする請求項2記載の水分量センサ。
5. A detection circuit comprising: an operational amplifier having a non-inverting input terminal grounded; a second impedance element having one end connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier; an inverting input terminal and an output terminal of the operational amplifier; And an amplifying circuit composed of a third impedance element connected between the first and second electrodes, and one of the second and third impedance elements is constituted by an impedance generated between the electrodes, and 3. The moisture sensor according to claim 2, wherein a change in impedance is detected as a change in output voltage of the amplifier circuit.
【請求項6】一対の電極を所定の間隔を開けて同一平面
上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極部を形
成したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5記載の水分量セ
ンサ。
6. The water content according to claim 1, wherein a pair of electrodes are arranged on a same plane at a predetermined interval, and both electrodes are entirely covered with an insulator to form an electrode portion. Quantity sensor.
【請求項7】互いに表面積の異なる一対の電極を、所定
の間隔を開けて検出面と交差する方向に並べて配置し、
両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電極部を形成したことを
特徴とする請求項1乃至5記載の水分量センサ。
7. A pair of electrodes having different surface areas are arranged side by side in a direction intersecting a detection surface at a predetermined interval,
The moisture sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrodes are formed by covering both electrodes with an insulator.
【請求項8】電極部は矩形状であって、一対の電極を電
極部の短幅方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状に
形成し、一方の電極で他方の電極を取り囲むようにして
同一平面上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って電
極部を形成したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5記載の
水分量センサ。
8. An electrode portion having a rectangular shape, wherein a pair of electrodes are formed in a shape substantially symmetrical with respect to a center line in a short width direction of the electrode portion, and one electrode surrounds the other electrode. The moisture sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electrodes are formed on the same plane, and the electrodes are formed by covering both electrodes entirely with an insulator.
【請求項9】電極部は矩形状であって、一対の電極を、
電極部の長手方向における中心線に対して略対称な形状
に形成し、電極部の長手方向に沿って所定の間隔を開け
て同一平面上に配置し、両電極の全体を絶縁体で覆って
電極部を形成したことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5記載
の水分量センサ。
9. An electrode portion having a rectangular shape, wherein a pair of electrodes
Formed in a substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the center line in the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion, arranged on the same plane at a predetermined interval along the longitudinal direction of the electrode portion, covering both electrodes with an insulator. The moisture sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an electrode portion is formed.
【請求項10】各電極は弾性を有する平板状の導電体か
らなることを特徴とする請求項6乃至9記載の水分量セ
ンサ。
10. The moisture sensor according to claim 6, wherein each electrode is made of an elastic plate-shaped conductor.
【請求項11】各電極は弾性を有する棒状の導電体から
なることを特徴とする請求項6乃至9記載の水分量セン
サ。
11. The moisture sensor according to claim 6, wherein each electrode is made of a rod-shaped conductor having elasticity.
【請求項12】各電極は弾性を有する複数の導電線の撚
り線からなることを特徴とする請求項6乃至9記載の水
分量センサ。
12. The moisture content sensor according to claim 6, wherein each electrode is formed of a stranded wire of a plurality of conductive wires having elasticity.
【請求項13】両電極の全体を覆うことができる大きさ
に形成されグランドに接地されたシールド部材を有し、
一対の電極に対して検出面と反対側に絶縁体を介してシ
ールド部材を配置したことを特徴とする請求項6乃至9
記載の水分量センサ。
13. A shield member formed in a size capable of covering the entirety of both electrodes and grounded to ground,
10. A shield member is disposed on a side opposite to the detection surface with respect to the pair of electrodes via an insulator.
The moisture content sensor as described.
【請求項14】上記シールド部材は平板状の導電体から
なることを特徴とする請求項13記載の水分量センサ。
14. The moisture sensor according to claim 13, wherein said shield member is made of a flat conductor.
【請求項15】上記シールド部材はメッシュ状の導電体
からなることを特徴とする請求項13記載の水分量セン
サ。
15. The moisture sensor according to claim 13, wherein said shield member is made of a mesh-shaped conductor.
JP2000274121A 2000-09-08 2000-09-08 Water content sensor Withdrawn JP2002082080A (en)

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