JP2002072866A - Terrestrial globe - Google Patents
Terrestrial globeInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002072866A JP2002072866A JP2000257743A JP2000257743A JP2002072866A JP 2002072866 A JP2002072866 A JP 2002072866A JP 2000257743 A JP2000257743 A JP 2000257743A JP 2000257743 A JP2000257743 A JP 2000257743A JP 2002072866 A JP2002072866 A JP 2002072866A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- map display
- night
- globe
- display
- holding portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Instructional Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、家庭用の実用的あ
るいは装飾的備品や小中学生用の教材等として好適な地
球儀に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a globe suitable as a practical or decorative fixture for home use, a teaching material for elementary and junior high school students, and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来技術とその課題】古来より地球儀として、地軸に
対応する軸心に回転自在に枢支された球体の表面に、世
界地図を緯線及び経線と共に表示したものが数多く製作
されている。しかるに、これら従来の地球義では、地球
表面の地勢や国勢を位置（緯度・経度）と共に表すだけ
であるから、昼夜の日周変化や季節変化等の天文学的な
事象を直接に知ることはできない。このため、例えば小
学校の理科の授業では、これらの天文学的な事象を児童
達に理解させるべく、暗くした室内で太陽に相当する光
源からの光を当てながら地球儀を回転させることによ
り、昼夜の日周変化を示したり、更には地軸を傾斜（自
転軸の公転面に対する傾き＝約２３．２７°）させた地
球儀を太陽光源を中心として周回させ、もって地球上の
緯度による昼夜の長さの季節変化を示すといった面倒な
方法を採っている。2. Description of the Related Art Since ancient times, many globes have been produced in which a world map is displayed together with parallels and meridians on the surface of a sphere rotatably supported on an axis corresponding to the earth axis. However, in these conventional earth senses, only the terrain and nation of the earth's surface are represented together with the position (latitude / longitude), and it is not possible to directly know astronomical events such as day and night diurnal changes and seasonal changes. . For this reason, for example, in science classes at elementary schools, in order to make children understand these astronomical events, the globe is rotated while shining light from a light source equivalent to the sun in a darkened room, A globe with an orbital change and a tilted earth axis (tilt of the rotation axis with respect to the orbital plane = approximately 23.27 °) orbits around the sun's light source. It takes a tedious way of showing changes.
【０００３】そこで、本発明者は先に、特願平１１−１
７４６０３号及び特願２０００−１０６８０１号とし
て、地球本体を表す地図表示球の外側に、その半球部を
覆う夜間域表示部を有する昼夜区画カバーを相対回転可
能に配置すると共に、この昼夜区画カバーを地図表示球
の経線方向に変位可能とした構造の地球儀を提案した。
すなわち、これら地球儀によれば、地図表示球を地軸を
中心に回転させることにより、地球上の昼夜の状態と各
地の日周変化が一目で判ると共に、昼夜区画カバーの経
線方向への変位により、極地方が常時昼間域に入る夏至
の状態や逆に夜間域に入る冬至の状態、春分及び秋分の
状態等、地球上の各地における昼夜の長さの季節変化も
視覚的に明瞭に示すことができる。Therefore, the present inventor has previously described Japanese Patent Application No. 11-1.
No. 74603 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-106801, a day / night section cover having a night area display section covering the hemisphere section is arranged outside the map display sphere representing the earth main body so as to be relatively rotatable. A globe with a structure that can be displaced in the meridian direction of the map display sphere was proposed.
In other words, according to these globes, by rotating the map display sphere around the earth axis, day and night conditions on the earth and diurnal changes in various places can be seen at a glance, and the displacement of the day and night division cover in the meridian direction, Seasonal changes in the length of day and night in various parts of the globe, such as the summer solstice state where the polar region always enters the daytime region, the winter solstice state where the polar region always enters the nighttime region, the vernal equinox and the autumn equinox, etc., can be visually clearly shown. it can.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
先行技術に係る地球儀においても、地球の年周期の運行
状況を厳密には表現できない部分がある。すなわち、実
際の季節変化は地球が地軸を常に一定方向に傾斜させた
状態で太陽の周りを公転することによって生じるの対
し、前記提案の地球儀において季節変化を表すために昼
夜区画カバーを経線方向に変位するのは、太陽の照射方
向つまり太陽の位置を上下に変化させることになり、実
態とは異なる動きであるために季節変化についての正確
な理解を妨げる懸念がある。However, even in the above-mentioned globes according to the prior art, there is a portion where the operation status of the earth's annual cycle cannot be strictly expressed. That is, the actual seasonal change is caused by the earth revolving around the sun with the earth's axis always tilted in a certain direction, whereas the proposed globe shows the seasonal change by changing the day and night section cover in the meridian direction. The displacement changes the direction of irradiation of the sun, that is, the position of the sun, up and down. Since the movement is different from the actual situation, there is a concern that accurate understanding of seasonal changes is hindered.
【０００５】本発明は、上述の事情に鑑みて、地球儀と
して、地球の実際の運行状況に則った動作により、地球
上の昼夜の状態と各地の日周変化や、地球上の各地にお
ける昼夜の長さの季節変化を視覚的に明瞭に示すことが
できるものを提供することを目的としている。In view of the above circumstances, the present invention, as a globe, operates according to the actual operation status of the earth, and changes in the daytime and nighttime conditions on the earth and the diurnal changes in various places on the earth. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that can clearly show the seasonal change in length visually.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するため
に、本発明の請求項１に係る地球儀は、図面の参照符号
を付して示せば、世界地図Ｍを表す地図表示球１と、こ
の地図表示球１の略半球分を覆う半球状の夜間表示カバ
ー２と、これら地図表示球１及び夜間表示カバー２を各
々の保持部３，４を介して支承する台座５とを備え、前
記地図表示球１は、その保持部３に、垂直線Ｖに対して
地軸Ｓの傾斜角θと略等しく傾斜した軸心（芯軸１３）
周りに回転自在に取り付けられ、前記夜間表示カバー２
は、その保持部４に、開口した円周縁２ａが垂直面に沿
う状態で固定され、夜間表示カバー２の保持部４と地図
表示球１の保持部３とが地図表示球１の中心Ｏを通る垂
直線Ｖ周りに相対回転可能である構成としている。In order to achieve the above object, a globe according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided with a map display sphere 1 representing a world map M, as indicated by reference numerals in the drawings. A hemispherical night-time display cover 2 covering substantially the hemisphere of the map display sphere 1; and a pedestal 5 for supporting the map display sphere 1 and the night-time display cover 2 via respective holding portions 3, 4. The map display sphere 1 has, in its holding portion 3, an axis (core axis 13) inclined substantially equal to the inclination angle θ of the earth axis S with respect to the vertical line V.
The night display cover 2 is rotatably mounted around the
Is fixed to the holding portion 4 in a state where the opened circumferential edge 2a is along the vertical plane, and the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 and the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 are aligned with the center O of the map display ball 1. It is configured to be relatively rotatable around a vertical line V passing therethrough.
【０００７】この構成では、保持部４に夜間表示カバー
２が開口した円周縁２ａを垂直面に沿う状態で固定さ
れ、該円周縁２ａは昼夜境界（夜明けと日暮れ）を意味
するから、地図表示球１は常に真横（水平方向）から太
陽光に照らされた状態を示す。しかして、地図表示球１
における夜間表示カバー２で覆われた半球は夜間、夜間
表示カバー２から外れた半球は昼間であり、地図表示球
１を上から見て左回り（反時計回り）に回転させること
により、各地の日周変化が示される。一方、地図表示球
１は実際の地球と同様の地軸傾斜状態で保持部３に回転
自在に保持され、この保持部３と夜間表示カバー２の保
持部４とが垂直線Ｖ周りに相対回転可能であるから、こ
の相対回転により、地図表示球１の南北両極は半周が夜
間表示カバー２の外側（昼間域）、残る半周が同内側
（夜間域）になる形で垂直線Ｖの周りを周回し、その１
周回が１年の季節変化を表すことになる。In this configuration, a circular edge 2a where the night display cover 2 is opened is fixed to the holding portion 4 along a vertical plane, and the circular edge 2a indicates a boundary between day and night (dawn and sunset). The sphere 1 is always in a state of being illuminated by sunlight from the side (horizontal direction). Then, map display ball 1
The hemisphere covered with the night display cover 2 is nighttime, and the hemisphere outside the night display cover 2 is daytime. By rotating the map display ball 1 counterclockwise as viewed from above, the Diurnal changes are shown. On the other hand, the map display sphere 1 is rotatably held by the holding unit 3 in a state of tilting the earth axis similar to the actual earth, and the holding unit 3 and the holding unit 4 of the night display cover 2 can be relatively rotated around the vertical line V. Therefore, due to this relative rotation, the north and south poles of the map display sphere 1 orbit around the vertical line V in such a manner that half the circumference is outside the night display cover 2 (daytime area) and the other half is inside the night display cover (nighttime area). And 1
The lap indicates the seasonal change of one year.
【０００８】すなわち、南北両極が昼夜境界つまり夜間
表示カバー２の開口した円周縁２ａに位置する時は、春
分点又は秋分点の状態であり、そのまま地図表示球１の
みを地軸Ｓを中心に回転させることにより、地球上のど
の地点でも昼夜の長さが等しくなることが一目で判る。
また、南北両極が昼夜境界から最も離れた位置にあると
きは夏至又は冬至の状態であり、例えば北極が夜間表示
カバー２の最も内側（南極は最も外側）の位置にある北
半球の冬至では、そのまま地図表示球１のみを地軸Ｓを
中心に回転させても、北極圏は夜間表示カバー２の外側
（昼間域）へ出ずに夜の状態が続き、逆に南極圏は夜間
表示カバー２の内側（夜間域）へ入らず昼の状態が続く
ことが視覚的に明瞭に示される。That is, when the north and south poles are located at the boundary between day and night, that is, at the open edge 2a of the night display cover 2, it is in the state of the vernal equinox or the autumn equinox, and only the map display ball 1 is rotated about the earth axis S as it is. This makes it clear at a glance that day and night lengths are equal at any point on the earth.
When the north and south poles are located farthest from the day / night boundary, the state is the summer solstice or winter solstice. For example, in the northern hemisphere winter solstice where the north pole is the innermost position of the night display cover 2 (the south pole is the outermost position), Even if only the map display sphere 1 is rotated about the earth axis S, the state of the night continues without going out of the night display cover 2 (daytime area) in the Arctic Circle, and the inside of the night display cover 2 in the Antarctic Circle. It is clearly shown that the daytime state continues without entering the (night range).
【０００９】請求項２の発明は、上記請求項１の地球儀
において、地図表示球１の保持部３が前記台座５に対し
て回転不能であり、この保持部３の垂直軸部３１に対し
て夜間表示カバー２の保持部４が回転可能に同心状に外
嵌してなる構成としている。この場合、夜間表示カバー
２の保持部４側を回転操作することにより、地球上の各
地における昼夜の長さの季節変化を示すことができ、ま
た地軸Ｓの傾斜方向が不変であることを示しつつ季節変
化を表すことができる。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the globe of the first aspect, the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 is not rotatable with respect to the pedestal 5, and the holding portion 3 is not rotatable with respect to the vertical shaft portion 31. The holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 is rotatably and concentrically fitted to the outside. In this case, by rotating the holding portion 4 side of the nighttime display cover 2, seasonal changes in the length of day and night in various places on the earth can be indicated, and the inclination direction of the earth axis S is not changed. While expressing seasonal changes.
【００１０】請求項３の発明は、上記請求項１又は２の
地球儀において、地図表示球１の支持部３が垂直軸部３
１とその頂端に固着された半円弧状の支持弓片３２とで
構成され、該支持弓片３２によって地図表示球１が傾斜
した軸心周りに回転自在に枢支されると共に、該支持弓
片３２の外周半径が夜間表示カバー２の内周半径よりも
小さく設定されてなる構成としている。この場合、地図
表示球１は支持弓片３２を介して支持部３に安定に枢支
されると共に、夜間表示カバー２の保持部４と地図表示
球１の保持部３とを相対回転させる際、支持弓片３２は
夜間表示カバー２に干渉することなく当該カバー２の内
側へ入り込み可能となる。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the globe according to the first or second aspect, the support portion 3 of the map display ball 1 is provided with a vertical axis portion 3.
1 and a semi-circular support bow piece 32 fixed to the top end thereof. The support bow piece 32 pivotally supports the map display sphere 1 so as to be rotatable about an inclined axis. The outer radius of the piece 32 is set smaller than the inner radius of the night display cover 2. In this case, the map display ball 1 is stably pivotally supported by the support portion 3 via the support bow 32, and when the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 and the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 are relatively rotated. The support bow 32 can enter the inside of the night display cover 2 without interfering with the cover 2.
【００１１】請求項４の発明は、上記請求項１〜３のい
ずれかの地球儀において、地図表示球１の保持部３側と
夜間表示カバー２の保持部４側との一方に、全周を１年
として時節を表す年周表示６が設けられ、他方に両保持
部３，４の相対回転位置に対応した該年周表示６上の時
節を指す指針７が設けられてなる構成としている。この
場合、指針７と年周表示６により、地図表示球１と夜間
表示カバー２の配置に対応した時節が一目で判る。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the globe according to any one of the first to third aspects, one of the holding portion 3 of the map display sphere 1 and the holding portion 4 of the nighttime display cover 2 has an entire circumference. An annual display 6 representing a time period for one year is provided, and a pointer 7 indicating the time period on the annual display 6 corresponding to the relative rotational position of both holding units 3 and 4 is provided on the other side. In this case, the time corresponding to the arrangement of the map display ball 1 and the nighttime display cover 2 can be recognized at a glance by the hands 7 and the annual display 6.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明一実施例に係る地球
儀について、図面を参照して具体的に説明する。図１は
北半球の冬至の状態とした地球儀全体の側面図、図２は
同地球儀の縦断面図、図３は図２のＡ−Ａ線の断面矢視
図、図４は図２のＢ−Ｂ線の断面矢視図、図５は北半球
を基準として春分（イ）、夏至（ロ）、秋分（ハ）、冬
至（ロ）の各状態を示す側面図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a globe according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view of the entire globe in the state of the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the globe, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a side view showing each state of the spring equinox (a), the summer solstice (b), the autumn equinox (c), and the winter solstice (b) with respect to the northern hemisphere.
【００１３】図１及び図２において、１は中空の地図表
示球、２は半球状の夜間表示カバー、３は地図表示球の
保持部、４は夜間表示カバー２の保持部、５は台座を示
す。1 and 2, 1 is a hollow map display sphere, 2 is a hemispherical night display cover, 3 is a holder for the map display sphere, 4 is a holder for the night display cover 2, and 5 is a pedestal. Show.
【００１４】地図表示球１は、硬質合成樹脂からなる上
下一対の半球体１１，１２を嵌合固着して球殻を構成
し、その表面には世界地図Ｍが緯線ｉ及び経線ｋと共に
表示されており、地軸Ｓに対応して南北両極部を貫通し
た芯軸１３に回転自在に保持されている。なお、表面の
ｅは赤道、破線で示すｎは北回帰線、同ｍは南回帰線で
ある。The map display sphere 1 has a spherical shell formed by fitting and fixing a pair of upper and lower hemispheres 11 and 12 made of a hard synthetic resin, and a world map M is displayed on the surface thereof along with parallel lines i and meridians k. It is rotatably held by a core shaft 13 that penetrates the north and south poles corresponding to the ground axis S. Note that e on the surface is the equator, n shown by a broken line is the tropic regression line, and m is the tropic regression line.
【００１５】地図表示球１の保持部３は、硬質合成樹脂
等からなる丸軸状の垂直軸部３１と、その頂端にビス８
ａにて固着されたアルミニウム等の金属帯板からなる半
円弧状の支持弓片３２とで構成されており、垂直軸部３
１の下端に開口した角孔３１ａに、台座５の中心に垂直
突設された角柱部５１を挿嵌させることにより、当該台
座５に回転不能に支承されている。しかして、支持弓片
３２は、外周半径が夜間表示カバー２の内周半径よりも
小さく、その円弧が垂直面に沿う状態で下部寄り位置に
おいて垂直軸部３１に固着され、上下端部が地図表示球
１の傾斜した芯軸１３の両端にビス８ｂによって固着さ
れている。９は芯軸１３の両端部に嵌装されたリング材
であり、地図表示球１と支持弓片３２との間に介在して
両者を非接触状態に保つスペーサーとして機能してい
る。The holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 has a round shaft-shaped vertical shaft portion 31 made of a hard synthetic resin or the like, and a screw 8 at its top end.
a and a semicircular arc-shaped support bow 32 made of a metal strip made of aluminum or the like fixed at a.
A rectangular column 51 vertically projecting from the center of the pedestal 5 is inserted into a square hole 31a opened at the lower end of the base 1 so as to be non-rotatably supported by the pedestal 5. The support bow 32 has an outer radius smaller than the inner radius of the night display cover 2, and its arc is fixed to the vertical shaft portion 31 at a position closer to the lower portion along the vertical plane. The display ball 1 is fixed to both ends of the inclined core shaft 13 by screws 8b. Reference numeral 9 denotes a ring member fitted to both ends of the core shaft 13 and functions as a spacer interposed between the map display ball 1 and the support bow 32 to keep them in a non-contact state.
【００１６】ここで、地図表示球１の中心Ｏを通る垂直
線Ｖと芯軸１３とのなす角、つまり地軸Ｓの傾斜角θ
は、自転軸の公転面に対する傾きに対応して約２３．２
７°に設定されている。また、保持部３の垂直軸部３１
と支持弓片３２とは、垂直軸部３１の軸心が前記垂直線
Ｖに一致するように固着位置を定めている。Here, the angle formed between the vertical axis V passing through the center O of the map display sphere 1 and the core axis 13, that is, the inclination angle θ of the earth axis S
Is about 23.2 corresponding to the inclination of the rotation axis with respect to the revolution surface.
It is set to 7 °. Also, the vertical shaft portion 31 of the holding portion 3
The fixing position of the support bow 32 is determined so that the axis of the vertical shaft portion 31 coincides with the vertical line V.
【００１７】夜間表示カバー２は、透明又は半透明の硬
質合成樹脂からなり、開口した円周縁２ａが垂直面に沿
う姿勢で地図表示球１の半分を覆う状態として保持部４
に固着されており、全体が夜間域表示部２０として内側
の地図表示球１の世界地図Ｍが透けて見える程度に暗色
を施しているが、周縁に沿う帯状領域２０ａは太陽光の
屈折による薄明及び薄暮状態を表すために暗色を薄くし
ている。The night display cover 2 is made of a transparent or translucent hard synthetic resin, and has a holding portion 4 in a state where the opened peripheral edge 2a covers half of the map display ball 1 in a posture along a vertical plane.
And the entire area is darkened to the extent that the world map M of the inner map display sphere 1 can be seen through as the night area display section 20, but the band-shaped area 20a along the periphery is dim due to refraction of sunlight. And the dark color is lightened to represent the twilight state.
【００１８】夜間表示カバー２の保持部４は、硬質合成
樹脂やアルミニウム等の金属より形成された一体物から
なり、地図表示球１の保持部３の垂直軸部３１に同心状
に外嵌した筒状部４１と、その下端周囲より外側へ張出
した円盤部４２と、筒状部４１の上端より側方へ突出し
た舌片部４３とで構成されており、円盤部４２が台座５
の角柱部５１周囲の円形凹所５２に嵌合する形で当該台
座５上に水平面内回転可能に載置されると共に、舌片部
４３には夜間表示カバー２の下部がビス８ｃによって固
着されている。この固着された夜間表示カバー２は、開
口した円周縁２ａが地図表示球１の中心Ｏを含む垂直面
に沿っており、もって地図表示球１と同心に配置してい
る。なお、保持部４の円盤部４２の下面には環状凸条４
２ａ，４２ｂを設け、当該保持部４を回転させる際に台
座５との摺接抵抗を少なくして操作が容易になるように
してある。The holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 is made of an integral body made of a metal such as hard synthetic resin or aluminum, and is fitted concentrically on the vertical axis portion 31 of the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1. A cylindrical portion 41, a disk portion 42 protruding outward from the periphery of the lower end thereof, and a tongue piece 43 protruding laterally from the upper end of the cylindrical portion 41 are provided.
Is mounted on the pedestal 5 so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane so as to fit in a circular recess 52 around the prism portion 51, and the lower portion of the night display cover 2 is fixed to the tongue piece 43 by screws 8c. ing. The fixed night display cover 2 has an open circumferential edge 2a along a vertical plane including the center O of the map display ball 1, and is thus arranged concentrically with the map display ball 1. The lower surface of the disk portion 42 of the holding portion 4 has an annular ridge 4
2a and 42b are provided to reduce the sliding contact resistance with the pedestal 5 when the holding unit 4 is rotated, so that the operation is easy.
【００１９】上記構成では、地図表示球１自体は芯軸１
３を中心として回転自在であるが、その保持部３は台座
５に対して回転不能であるため、該地図表示球１の芯軸
１３は傾斜状態で固定的に保持されている。これに対し
て夜間表示カバー２の保持部４は台座５上で回転可能で
あるから、この回転により、夜間表示カバー２は、地図
表示球１の半球を常に覆いながら当該地図表示球１の中
心を通る垂直線Ｖ周りを周回し、芯軸１３に対する位置
を変化させることになる。しかして、支持弓片３２の外
周半径は夜間表示カバー２の内周半径よりも小さいた
め、夜間表示カバー２が回転する際に該支持弓片３２と
干渉することはない。In the above configuration, the map display sphere 1 itself is the core axis 1
3 can rotate freely, but the holding portion 3 cannot rotate with respect to the pedestal 5, so that the core shaft 13 of the map display ball 1 is fixedly held in an inclined state. On the other hand, since the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 is rotatable on the pedestal 5, the rotation causes the night display cover 2 to cover the hemisphere of the map display sphere 1 while constantly covering the hemisphere. Around the vertical line V passing through the center axis 13 and change the position with respect to the core axis 13. Since the outer radius of the support bow 32 is smaller than the inner radius of the night display cover 2, the support bow 32 does not interfere with the rotation of the night display cover 2.
【００２０】この地球儀では、夜間表示カバー２の開口
した円周縁２ａが昼夜境界を示し、地図表示球１におけ
る夜間表示カバー２で覆われた半球が夜間、夜間表示カ
バー２から外れた半球は昼間を意味する。従って、地図
表示球１を上から見て左回り（反時計回り）に回転させ
る、つまり西から東へ向かうように回転させることによ
り、各地の日周変化が示される。一方、地図表示球１は
実際の地球と同様の地軸傾斜で保持部３に保持され、夜
間表示カバー２を前記垂直線Ｖ周りに周回させると、地
図表示球１の南北両極は半周が夜間表示カバー２の外側
（昼間域）、残る半周が同内側（夜間域）になる形で垂
直線Ｖの周りを周回し、その１周回が１年の季節変化を
表すことになる。In this globe, the open rim 2a of the night display cover 2 indicates a day / night boundary, and the hemisphere covered by the night display cover 2 in the map display sphere 1 is night, and the hemisphere outside the night display cover 2 is daytime. Means Therefore, by rotating the map display sphere 1 counterclockwise as viewed from above, that is, rotating it from west to east, the diurnal changes in various places are indicated. On the other hand, the map display sphere 1 is held by the holding unit 3 at the same inclination of the earth axis as the real earth, and when the night display cover 2 is made to orbit around the vertical line V, the north and south poles of the map display sphere 1 are displayed at night for half the circumference. Around the vertical line V, the outer half of the cover 2 (daytime area) and the remaining half circumference is the same inner side (nighttime area), one round of which represents a yearly seasonal change.
【００２１】すなわち、図１及び図２、更には図５
（ニ）に示すように、北極が夜間表示カバー２の最も内
側（南極は最も外側）の位置にあるときは、太陽光の垂
直照射位置が南回帰線ｍ上となる北半球の冬至の配置状
態であり、そのまま地図表示球１のみを地軸Ｓを中心に
回転させても、北極圏は夜間表示カバー２の外側（昼間
域）へ出ずに夜の状態が続き、逆に南極圏は夜間表示カ
バー２の内側（夜間域）へ入らず昼の状態が続くことが
視覚的に明瞭に示される。一方、図５（ロ）に示すよう
に、南極が夜間表示カバー２の最も内側（北極は最も外
側）の位置にあるときは、太陽光の垂直照射位置が北回
帰線ｎ上となる北半球の夏至の配置状態であり、同様に
南極圏は夜の状態が続き、北極圏は昼の状態が続くこと
が示される。また、地図表示球１の南北両極が昼夜境界
つまり夜間表示カバー２の開口した円周縁２ａに位置す
る時は、太陽光の垂直照射位置が赤道ｅ上となる春分点
〔図５（イ）参照〕又は秋分点〔図５（ハ）参照〕の配
置状態であり、そのまま地図表示球１のみを地軸Ｓを中
心に回転させることにより、地球上のどの地点でも昼夜
の長さが等しくなることが一目で判る。That is, FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIG.
As shown in (d), when the North Pole is located at the innermost position of the night display cover 2 (the South Pole is the outermost position), the arrangement state of the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, in which the vertical irradiation position of sunlight is on the tropic recursion line m. Even if the map display sphere 1 alone is rotated about the earth axis S as it is, the night state continues without going outside the night display cover 2 (daytime area) in the Arctic circle, and the night view is displayed in the Antarctic circle. It is visually clearly shown that the daytime state continues without entering the inside of the cover 2 (at night). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the south pole is located at the innermost position of the night display cover 2 (the north pole is the outermost position), the vertical irradiation position of sunlight is on the northern regression line n. It is the arrangement state of the summer solstice. Similarly, the state of the Antarctic circle continues at night, and the state of the Arctic circle continues at daytime. Also, when the north and south poles of the map display sphere 1 are located at the boundary between day and night, that is, at the open edge 2a of the night display cover 2, the vernal equinox where the vertical irradiation position of the sunlight is on the equator e [see FIG. Or the equinox point (see FIG. 5 (c)) is arranged, and by rotating the map display sphere 1 alone around the earth axis S as it is, the length of day and night becomes equal at any point on the earth at a glance. It is understood by.
【００２２】しかして、図３に示すように、夜間表示カ
バー２の保持部４における円盤部４２の周縁一か所に、
楔形突起よりなる指針７が設けられる一方、該円盤部４
２を取り巻く台座表面部５ａには、全周を１年として１
月〜１２月の月単位で時節を表す年周表示６が春分、夏
至、秋分、冬至の表示と共に表記されており、指針７が
指す年周表示６上の位置により、夜間表示カバー２の周
回位置に対応した時節が示されるように設定されてい
る。従って、夜間表示カバー２の周回位置が一年の内の
どの時節に相当するかが一目で判ると共に、夜間表示カ
バー２を所望の時節におけるの周回位置に容易に設定で
きる。なお、本実施例の年周表示６では、１年を１２等
分した月目盛り６ａと、この月目盛り６ａを更に上中下
旬に３等分した旬目盛り６ｂを併せて表示している。As shown in FIG. 3, the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 is provided at one location on the periphery of the disk portion 42.
While a pointer 7 comprising a wedge-shaped projection is provided, the disk portion 4
The pedestal surface portion 5a surrounding 2 is provided with 1
An annual display 6 representing the time of the month from December to December is displayed together with the display of the spring equinox, the summer solstice, the autumn equinox, and the winter solstice, and the position of the pointer 7 on the annual display 6 indicates the rotation of the night display cover 2. It is set to indicate the time of day corresponding to the position. Therefore, it is possible to see at a glance which time of the year the orbital position of the night display cover 2 corresponds to, and the nighttime display cover 2 can be easily set to the orbital position at the desired time. In the annual display 6 of the present embodiment, a month scale 6a obtained by dividing a year into twelve equal parts and a seasonal scale 6b obtained by further dividing the month scale 6a into three equal parts in the upper, middle, and lower parts are displayed.
【００２３】このような地球儀では、上述のように、地
球上の昼夜の状態と各地の日周変化や、地球上の各地に
おける昼夜の長さの季節変化を視覚的に明瞭に示すこと
ができるが、夜間表示カバー２の昼夜境界となる開口し
た円周縁２ａが常に垂直面に沿い、地図表示球１は常に
真横（水平方向）から太陽光に照らされた状態を示すこ
とに加え、地軸Ｓの傾斜方向は不変であるから、地球の
実際の運行状況に則った動作によって季節変化を表せる
ことになる。従って、この地球儀によれば、小学校の児
童等にも地球の運行に伴う季節変化についての正確な理
解を容易に与えることができる。In such a globe, as described above, the state of day and night on the earth and the diurnal change in various places, and the seasonal change in the length of day and night in various places on the earth can be visually clearly indicated. However, in addition to the fact that the open circumferential edge 2a that is the boundary between day and night of the night display cover 2 always runs along the vertical plane, the map display sphere 1 always shows the state of being illuminated by sunlight from the side (horizontal direction), Since the inclination direction of is constant, the seasonal change can be expressed by the operation according to the actual operation status of the earth. Therefore, according to this globe, elementary school children and the like can easily be given an accurate understanding of the seasonal change accompanying the operation of the earth.
【００２４】上記実施例では地図表示球１の保持部３が
台座５に対して回転不能である構成を示したが、請求項
１の発明においては、夜間表示カバーの保持部と地図表
示球の保持部とは相対回転可能であればよく、実施例と
は逆に夜間表示カバー２の保持部４を台座５に対して回
転不能として地図表示球１の保持部３が台座５に対して
回転可能となる構成や、両保持部３，４が共に台座５に
対して回転可能となる構成も採用できる。ただし、実施
例のように地図表示球１の保持部３を台座５に対して回
転不能とすれば、地軸Ｓの傾斜方向が不変であることを
示す上で好都合である。なお、このように地図表示球１
の保持部３を台座５に対して回転不能とするためには、
実施例のような垂直軸部３１と台座５の角柱部５１との
嵌合構造に限らず、該垂直軸部３１を台座５に一体形成
したり、該垂直軸部３１を台座５にねじ止めする構成も
採用可能である。In the above embodiment, the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 is not rotatable with respect to the pedestal 5. However, in the present invention, the holding portion of the night display cover and the map display ball are not rotated. It is sufficient that the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 cannot be rotated with respect to the pedestal 5, and the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 can be rotated with respect to the pedestal 5. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that enables the rotation or a configuration in which both the holding units 3 and 4 can rotate with respect to the pedestal 5. However, if the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 is not allowed to rotate with respect to the pedestal 5 as in the embodiment, it is convenient to show that the inclination direction of the ground axis S is unchanged. The map display sphere 1
In order to make the holding portion 3 of the base member 5 unable to rotate with respect to the pedestal 5,
Not limited to the fitting structure of the vertical shaft portion 31 and the prism portion 51 of the pedestal 5 as in the embodiment, the vertical shaft portion 31 may be integrally formed with the pedestal 5, or the vertical shaft portion 31 may be screwed to the pedestal 5. Such a configuration can be adopted.
【００２５】年周表示６と指針７については、地図表示
球１の保持部３側と夜間表示カバー２の保持部４側との
一方に年周表示６を、他方に指針７を設ければよい。し
かして、実施例では地図表示球１の保持部３が台座５に
回転不能に一体化しているため、台座表面部５ａを当該
保持部３側として年周表示６を設けているが、両保持部
３，４が共に台座５に対して回転可能に支承された構成
の場合、これら保持部３，４自体に年周表示６及び指針
７を設けて時節を指示できる構造にする必要がある。ま
た、夜間表示カバー２の保持部４が台座５に回転不能に
一体化し、地図表示球１の保持部３側の回転によって季
節変化を表す構成では、台座５を夜間表示カバー２の保
持部４側として年周表示６又は指針７を設けてもよい。The annual display 6 and the pointer 7 can be obtained by providing the annual display 6 on one of the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 and the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 and the pointer 7 on the other. Good. In this embodiment, since the holding portion 3 of the map display ball 1 is integrated with the pedestal 5 so as not to rotate, the yearly display 6 is provided with the pedestal surface 5a as the holding portion 3 side. In the case where the parts 3 and 4 are both supported rotatably with respect to the pedestal 5, it is necessary to provide a yearly indicator 6 and hands 7 on the holding parts 3 and 4 themselves so as to be able to indicate the time. Further, in a configuration in which the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2 is integrated with the pedestal 5 in a non-rotatable manner and the seasonal change is indicated by the rotation of the holding portion 3 of the map display sphere 1, the pedestal 5 is attached to the holding portion 4 of the night display cover 2. An annual display 6 or a pointer 7 may be provided as a side.
【００２６】その他、本発明においては、保持部３によ
る地図表示球１の枢支構造、夜間表示カバー２の保持部
４に対する取付構造、台座５による両保持部３，４の支
承構造、年周表示６による時節の表示単位、指針７の形
状と設定位置等、細部構成については実施例以外に種々
設計変更可能である。In addition, in the present invention, the support structure of the map display ball 1 by the holding portion 3, the mounting structure of the night display cover 2 to the holding portion 4, the support structure of the holding portions 3 and 4 by the pedestal 5, the annual period The design details of the detailed configuration, such as the display unit of the time indicated by the display 6 and the shape and setting position of the hands 7 can be changed in addition to the embodiment.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】請求項１の発明によれば、地球儀とし
て、夜間表示カバーによって地球上の昼夜の状態と日周
変化が一目で判る上、地球の実際の運行状況に則った動
作で昼夜の長さの季節変化も視覚的に明瞭に捉えられ、
小学校の児童等にも地球の運行に伴う季節変化について
正確に且つ容易に理解できるように示すことが可能であ
り、しかも構造的に簡素なものが提供される。According to the first aspect of the present invention, as a globe, the state of day and night on the earth and the diurnal change can be seen at a glance by the night display cover, and the day and night can be operated in accordance with the actual operation situation of the earth. The seasonal change in length is also clearly visible,
Elementary school children and the like can be provided with accurate and easy-to-understand seasonal changes accompanying the operation of the earth, and are provided with a simple structure.
【００２８】請求項２の発明によれば、前記の地球儀に
おいて、夜間表示カバーの保持部側を回転操作すること
により、地軸の傾斜方向が不変であることを示しつつ季
節変化を表すことができる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the above-mentioned globe, the seasonal change can be represented by rotating the holding portion of the nighttime display cover, indicating that the inclination direction of the earth axis is unchanged. .
【００２９】請求項３の発明によれば、前記地球儀にお
いて、地図表示球が支持弓片を介して支持部に安定に枢
支されると共に、夜間表示カバーの保持部と地図表示球
の保持部との相対回転に際し、支持弓片と夜間表示カバ
ーとの干渉を回避できる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the globe, the map display ball is stably pivoted to the support portion via the support bow, and the night display cover holding portion and the map display ball holding portion are provided. In the case of the relative rotation with respect to the above, the interference between the supporting bow and the nighttime display cover can be avoided.
【００３０】請求項４の発明によれば、前記地球儀とし
て、指針と年周表示により、地図表示球と夜間表示カバ
ーの配置に対応した時節が一目で判るものが提供され
る。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided, as the globe, a glance which can be recognized at a glance corresponding to the arrangement of the map display ball and the nighttime display cover by the hands and the annual display.
【図１】 本発明の一実施例に係る地球儀の北半球の冬
至における側面図である。FIG. 1 is a side view of the northern hemisphere at the winter solstice of a globe according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】 同地球儀の北半球の冬至における縦断面図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same globe at the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere.
【図３】 図２のＡ−Ａ線の断面矢視図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;
【図４】 図２のＢ−Ｂ線の断面矢視図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;
【図５】 同地球儀における同方向から見た昼夜の季節
変化を示し、（イ）は北半球の春分における概略側面
図、（ロ）は北半球の夏至における概略側面図、（ハ）
は北半球の秋分における概略側面図、（ニ）は北半球の
冬至における概略側面図である。FIG. 5 shows the seasonal change of day and night in the same globe viewed from the same direction, (a) a schematic side view of the Northern Hemisphere at the equinox, (b) a schematic side view of the Northern Hemisphere at the summer solstice, (c).
(A) is a schematic side view of the Northern Hemisphere in the autumn equinox, and (d) is a schematic side view of the Northern Hemisphere in the winter solstice.
１ 地図表示球 ２ 夜間表示カバー ３ 保持部 ３１ 垂直軸部 ３２ 支持弓片 ４ 保持部 ５ 台座 ６ 年周表示 ７ 指針 １３ 芯軸（傾斜した軸心） Ｍ 世界地図 Ｓ 地軸 Ｖ 地図表示球の中心を通る垂直線 ｅ 赤道 ｉ 緯線 ｋ 経線 ｍ 南回帰線 ｎ 北回帰線 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Map display ball 2 Night display cover 3 Holding part 31 Vertical axis part 32 Support bow piece 4 Holding part 5 Pedestal 6 Yearly display 7 Pointer 13 Core axis (inclined axis) M World map S Earth axis V Center of map display ball Vertical line passing through e equator i parallel k meridian m tropic n tropic
Claims (4)
表示球の略半球分を覆う半球状の夜間表示カバーと、こ
れら地図表示球及び夜間表示カバーを各々の保持部を介
して支承する台座とを備え、 前記地図表示球は、その保持部に、垂直線に対して地軸
の傾斜角と略等しく傾斜した軸心周りに回転自在に取り
付けられ、 前記夜間表示カバーは、その保持部に、開口した円周縁
が垂直面に沿う状態で固定され、 夜間表示カバーの保持部と地図表示球の保持部とが地図
表示球の中心を通る垂直線周りに相対回転可能である地
球儀。1. A map display sphere representing a world map, a hemispherical night display cover covering substantially a hemisphere of the map display sphere, and the map display sphere and the night display cover are supported via respective holding portions. A pedestal, wherein the map display sphere is attached to a holding portion thereof so as to be rotatable around an axis inclined substantially equal to the inclination angle of the earth axis with respect to a vertical line, and the night display cover is attached to the holding portion. A globe in which the opening circumference is fixed along a vertical plane, and the holding portion of the night display cover and the holding portion of the map display ball are relatively rotatable around a vertical line passing through the center of the map display ball.
回転不能であり、この保持部の垂直軸部に対して夜間表
示カバーの保持部が回転可能に同心状に外嵌してなる請
求項１記載の地球儀。2. The holding portion of the map display ball is not rotatable with respect to the pedestal, and the holding portion of the nighttime display cover is rotatably and concentrically fitted on the vertical shaft portion of the holding portion. The globe of claim 1.
端に固着された半円弧状の支持弓片とで構成され、該支
持弓片によって地図表示球が傾斜した軸心周りに回転自
在に枢支されると共に、該支持弓片の外周半径が夜間表
示カバーの内周半径よりも小さく設定されてなる請求項
１又は２に記載の地球儀。3. The holding portion of the map display sphere is constituted by a vertical shaft portion and a semi-arc-shaped support bow fixed to the top end thereof, and the support bow rotates the map display sphere about an inclined axis. 3. The globe according to claim 1, wherein the globe is freely pivoted, and an outer radius of the support bow is set smaller than an inner radius of the night display cover.
の保持部側との一方に、全周を１年として時節を表す年
周表示が設けられ、他方に両保持部の相対回転位置に対
応した該年周表示上の時節を指す指針が設けられてなる
請求項１〜３のいずれかに記載の地球儀。4. One of the holding portion of the map display sphere and the holding portion of the night display cover is provided with an annual display indicating the time of year assuming that the entire circumference is one year, and the other is a relative rotational position of the two holding portions. The globe according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a pointer indicating the time of year on the annual display corresponding to the above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000257743A JP2002072866A (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2000-08-28 | Terrestrial globe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000257743A JP2002072866A (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2000-08-28 | Terrestrial globe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002072866A true JP2002072866A (en) | 2002-03-12 |
Family
ID=18746163
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000257743A Pending JP2002072866A (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2000-08-28 | Terrestrial globe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002072866A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101191859B1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-16 | 주식회사 서전지구 | A globe with easy assembly |
| JP5462383B1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-04-02 | 誠 降旗 | A globe explaining the mechanism of change in the four seasons |
| KR101418041B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2014-07-10 | 주식회사 티앤에스 | Seasonal changes and seasonal changes of the earth learning devices for learning |
| KR101551221B1 (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2015-09-10 | 주식회사 티앤에스 | Seasonal changes and seasonal changes of the earth learning devices for learning |
| CN107248366A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-13 | 陈伟杰 | Instrument round the clock |
-
2000
- 2000-08-28 JP JP2000257743A patent/JP2002072866A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101191859B1 (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-16 | 주식회사 서전지구 | A globe with easy assembly |
| JP5462383B1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-04-02 | 誠 降旗 | A globe explaining the mechanism of change in the four seasons |
| KR101418041B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2014-07-10 | 주식회사 티앤에스 | Seasonal changes and seasonal changes of the earth learning devices for learning |
| KR101551221B1 (en) | 2014-04-18 | 2015-09-10 | 주식회사 티앤에스 | Seasonal changes and seasonal changes of the earth learning devices for learning |
| CN107248366A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-13 | 陈伟杰 | Instrument round the clock |
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