JP2002043594A - Optical transmission type thin film solar cell module - Google Patents
Optical transmission type thin film solar cell moduleInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002043594A JP2002043594A JP2000221029A JP2000221029A JP2002043594A JP 2002043594 A JP2002043594 A JP 2002043594A JP 2000221029 A JP2000221029 A JP 2000221029A JP 2000221029 A JP2000221029 A JP 2000221029A JP 2002043594 A JP2002043594 A JP 2002043594A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- solar cell
- transmitting
- cell module
- electrode layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、光透過型薄膜太
陽電池モジュールに関し、詳しくは、発電機能に加えて
入射光の一部を裏面側へ透過させる採光機能も有する光
透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module, and more particularly, to a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module having a lighting function of transmitting a part of incident light to the back side in addition to a power generation function. About.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】薄膜太
陽電池モジュールは結晶ウエハーを用いる太陽電池モジ
ュールよりも半導体材料の使用量が少なくて済み、ガラ
スや金属等の安価な基板上に低温プロセスで形成できる
ため、低価格化が期待されている。薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールの中でも非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュールは、
材料であるシリコンが非常に豊富に存在する点や、Ｃｄ
やＳｅを使用する化合物系太陽電池モジュールに比べて
材料が無害で環境への影響がない点で優れているのでさ
かんに開発がすすめられている。またその中で、発電機
能に加えて入射光の一部を裏面側へ透過させる採光機能
も有する光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの開発もすす
められている。2. Description of the Related Art Thin-film solar cell modules require less semiconductor material than solar cell modules using crystal wafers, and can be formed on low-cost processes on inexpensive substrates such as glass and metal. Because it can be formed, lower prices are expected. Among the thin-film solar cell modules, amorphous silicon-based solar cell modules are:
The fact that silicon as a material is very abundant
Compared with compound-based solar cell modules that use Si or Se, they are excellent in that they are harmless and do not affect the environment, and are being actively developed. Among them, the development of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module having a light-gathering function of transmitting a part of incident light to the back side in addition to a power generation function has been promoted.
【０００３】一般に、非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュ
ールの構造は大きく分けて２種類ある。１つはガラス等
の透光性絶縁基板上にＳｎＯ2 、ＩＴＯ、ＺｎＯ等の透
明導電膜が形成され、その上に非晶質半導体のｐ層、ｉ
層、ｎ層が順に積層されて光電変換層が形成され、さら
にその上にＩＴＯ、ＺｎＯ等の透明導電膜と、Ａｇ、Ａ
ｌ等の金属膜が順に積層されて裏面電極が形成される構
造である。もう１つは、金属基板上にＩＴＯ、ＺｎＯ等
の透明導電膜が形成され、その上に非晶質シリコン系半
導体のｎ層、ｉ層、ｐ層が順に積層されて光電変換層が
形成され、さらにその上にＳｎＯ2 、ＩＴＯ、ＺｎＯ等
の透明導電膜が形成される構造である。In general, the structure of an amorphous silicon solar cell module is roughly classified into two types. One is that a transparent conductive film of SnO 2 , ITO, ZnO or the like is formed on a light-transmitting insulating substrate of glass or the like, and a p-layer of an amorphous semiconductor, i
Layer and an n-layer are sequentially stacked to form a photoelectric conversion layer, and a transparent conductive film such as ITO and ZnO, and Ag and A
This is a structure in which metal films such as 1 are sequentially laminated to form a back electrode. The other is such that a transparent conductive film such as ITO or ZnO is formed on a metal substrate, and an n-layer, an i-layer, and a p-layer of an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor are sequentially stacked thereon to form a photoelectric conversion layer. And a transparent conductive film such as SnO 2 , ITO, ZnO or the like formed thereon.
【０００４】これらのうち、ガラス等の透光性絶縁基板
を用いる非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュールにおい
て、入射光の一部を透過させる透光部を形成するために
は一般的に２つの方法が用いられている。１つは、光電
変換層上に部分的に裏面電極を形成し、この裏面電極を
マスクとして裏面電極から露出した光電変換層をエッチ
ング除去するウェットプロセスである。もう１つは、レ
ーザースクライブ法により光電変換層及び裏面電極を部
分的に同時除去するドライプロセスである。Among these, in an amorphous silicon solar cell module using a light-transmitting insulating substrate such as glass, two methods are generally used to form a light-transmitting portion that transmits a part of incident light. Is used. One is a wet process in which a back electrode is partially formed on the photoelectric conversion layer and the photoelectric conversion layer exposed from the back electrode is removed by etching using the back electrode as a mask. The other is a dry process in which the photoelectric conversion layer and the back electrode are partially removed simultaneously by a laser scribe method.
【０００５】このようにいずれかのプロセスで透光部が
形成された後、裏面電極側はエチレンビニルアセテート
（以下、この明細書において「ＥＶＡ」という）やポリ
ビニルブチラール（以下、この明細書において「ＰＶ
Ｂ」という）等の接着剤で板ガラスが貼り付けられて封
止される。裏面電極側を封止する部材としては、板ガラ
ス以外にも透明ＰＥＴシートやテドラー等の透明なバッ
クシートなどがある。このようにして作製された光透過
型薄膜太陽電池モジュールは、その周縁部にアルミニウ
ムやステンレス等のフレームが取り付けられて屋外で設
置使用される。[0005] After the light-transmitting portion is formed by any of the processes, the back electrode side is made of ethylene vinyl acetate (hereinafter referred to as "EVA" in this specification) or polyvinyl butyral (hereinafter referred to as "EVA" in this specification). PV
B ") and the like, and the sheet glass is attached and sealed. As a member for sealing the back electrode side, a transparent back sheet such as a transparent PET sheet or a Tedlar besides the plate glass is used. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module manufactured in this manner is used outdoors by attaching a frame of aluminum, stainless steel, or the like to a peripheral portion thereof.
【０００６】一般に、光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール
（以下、この明細書において単に「光透過型モジュー
ル」ともいう）は発電領域の約１〜５０％程度を透光部
とするので、非透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール（以下、
この明細書において単に「非透過型モジュール」ともい
う）よりも単位面積当たりの発電効率が低くなる。従っ
て、ある所定の発電量をまかなうためには非透過型モジ
ュールよりもモジュール枚数を増やして設置面積を大き
くとらなければならない。以上のような事情により、光
透過型モジュールの発電効率は特に高いことが望まれ
る。なお、この明細書においてモジュールとは、基板上
に形成された複数の太陽電池セルが互いに電気的に接続
されたものを示している。In general, a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a “light-transmitting module” in this specification) has about 1 to 50% of a power generation area as a light-transmitting portion. Thin-film solar cell modules (hereinafter,
In this specification, the power generation efficiency per unit area is lower than that of a “non-transmissive module”. Therefore, in order to cover a certain amount of power generation, it is necessary to increase the number of modules as compared with the non-transmissive type module to increase the installation area. Under the circumstances described above, it is desired that the power generation efficiency of the light transmission type module is particularly high. In this specification, a module refers to a module in which a plurality of solar cells formed on a substrate are electrically connected to each other.
【０００７】また一方で、一般的な非晶質シリコン系太
陽電池モジュールにはステブラー・ロンスキー効果と呼
ばれる光照射による変換効率の初期劣化現象（以下、こ
の明細書において「光劣化」という）がある。光劣化
は、屋外の太陽光で発電する太陽電池モジュールの光電
変換層に非晶質シリコン系半導体を用いる場合の課題と
なっている。On the other hand, general amorphous silicon-based solar cell modules have an initial deterioration phenomenon of conversion efficiency due to light irradiation (hereinafter, referred to as “light deterioration” in this specification) called the Stepler-Lonski effect. . Photodegradation is a problem in the case where an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor is used for a photoelectric conversion layer of a solar cell module that generates power using outdoor sunlight.
【０００８】このような非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジ
ュールの光劣化を完全になくす方法は未だ発見されてい
ない。しかし、単位セルを２層、３層と積層したタンデ
ム、トリプル構造の積層型太陽電池モジュールにおい
て、その非晶質シリコン系半導体層の膜厚を薄くするこ
とにより光劣化を低減する方法が知られている。また、
光劣化によって低下した変換効率は、非晶質シリコン系
太陽電池モジュールを高温にすることによって回復する
ことが知られている。回復効果は約４０℃程度の温度で
も見られるが、温度の高いほうが効果が大きく、例えば
約７０℃以上の高温にすると大幅に特性が回復すること
が知られている。[0008] A method for completely eliminating the photodegradation of such an amorphous silicon-based solar cell module has not been found yet. However, in a stacked solar cell module having a tandem or triple structure in which two or three unit cells are stacked, a method of reducing light degradation by reducing the thickness of the amorphous silicon-based semiconductor layer is known. ing. Also,
It is known that the conversion efficiency lowered by light degradation is recovered by raising the temperature of the amorphous silicon-based solar cell module. Although the recovery effect can be seen even at a temperature of about 40 ° C., it is known that the higher the temperature, the greater the effect. For example, it is known that when the temperature is increased to about 70 ° C. or more, the characteristics are largely recovered.
【０００９】一方、非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュー
ルの出力の温度依存性は、結晶系シリコン太陽電池モジ
ュールに比べると非常に少なく、約１℃の温度上昇によ
る出力低下は約０．１〜０．２％である。このため、非
晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュールを高温に保ちながら
使用すると、温度上昇による出力低下よりも光劣化が回
復することによる変換効率の向上の方が効果として大き
い。On the other hand, the temperature dependence of the output of an amorphous silicon solar cell module is very small as compared with a crystalline silicon solar cell module, and the output decrease due to a temperature rise of about 1 ° C. is about 0.1 to 0. .2%. For this reason, when the amorphous silicon-based solar cell module is used while being kept at a high temperature, the effect of improving the conversion efficiency by recovering from the photodegradation is larger than the effect of decreasing the output due to the temperature rise.
【００１０】すなわち、非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジ
ュールを高温に保って光劣化を回復させながら使用する
と光劣化が低減されて高い出力を得ることができる。こ
のような非晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュールの温度特
性を生かして光劣化を低減する具体的な方法として、非
晶質シリコン系太陽電池モジュールの裏面側に断熱部材
を設け、太陽光による熱が裏面側から放熱されるのを抑
制する方法が一般に知られている（例えば、特開平４−
７１２７６号公報参照）。That is, when the amorphous silicon-based solar cell module is used while maintaining the high temperature and recovering the light deterioration, the light deterioration is reduced and a high output can be obtained. As a specific method of reducing the light deterioration by utilizing the temperature characteristics of the amorphous silicon-based solar cell module, a heat insulating member is provided on the back side of the amorphous silicon-based solar cell module, and heat generated by sunlight is reduced. A method for suppressing heat radiation from the back side is generally known (for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 71276).
【００１１】しかしながら、このような従来技術には以
下の課題があった。すなわち、非晶質シリコン系太陽電
池モジュール（以下、この明細書において単に「太陽電
池モジュール」ともいう）の裏面に断熱部材を設けるこ
とにより、太陽電池モジュールの最高到達温度は夏期の
日中で約７０℃程度まで上昇したが、他の季節では太陽
電池モジュールの温度が約７０℃を越えることはなかっ
た。However, such a conventional technique has the following problems. That is, by providing a heat insulating member on the back surface of an amorphous silicon-based solar cell module (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “solar cell module” in this specification), the maximum temperature of the solar cell module can be reduced by about Although the temperature rose to about 70 ° C., the temperature of the solar cell module did not exceed about 70 ° C. in other seasons.
【００１２】また、上記のような断熱部材を有する太陽
電池モジュールにおいて、太陽電池モジュールの強度を
高めるためにその周縁部にフレームを設けると、太陽電
池モジュールからフレームへの熱の伝導が大きくなって
しまうことが知られている。つまり、太陽電池モジュー
ルの特に周辺部の熱がフレームに伝導し、フレームから
大気中へ放熱されてしまうのである。このため、フレー
ムの近傍となる太陽電池モジュール周辺部の温度は、太
陽電池モジュール中央部の温度よりも約２０度程度低く
なることが多かった。Further, in the solar cell module having the above-described heat insulating member, when a frame is provided on the periphery of the solar cell module in order to increase the strength of the solar cell module, heat conduction from the solar cell module to the frame increases. It is known to end up. That is, heat in the peripheral portion of the solar cell module in particular is conducted to the frame, and is radiated from the frame to the atmosphere. For this reason, the temperature around the solar cell module near the frame is often about 20 degrees lower than the temperature at the center of the solar cell module.
【００１３】このような太陽電池モジュール周辺部の温
度低下に対する対策として従来の太陽電池モジュールと
フレームとの間に断熱部材を設ける方法を用いたとこ
ろ、太陽電池モジュール周辺部の温度低下は抑制され
た。しかし、この方法では、太陽電池モジュールとフレ
ームとの間に断熱部材を挟み込むことにより太陽電池モ
ジュールの取付強度が低下し、太陽電池モジュールの機
械的強度が低下するという問題があった。As a countermeasure against such a decrease in the temperature around the solar cell module, a conventional method of providing a heat insulating member between the solar cell module and the frame was used. As a result, the decrease in the temperature around the solar cell module was suppressed. . However, this method has a problem that the mounting strength of the solar cell module is reduced by sandwiching the heat insulating member between the solar cell module and the frame, and the mechanical strength of the solar cell module is reduced.
【００１４】また、太陽電池モジュールの周辺部では光
電変換層に水分が侵入しないように封止を行う必要があ
る。しかし、太陽電池モジュールとフレームとの間に挟
み込む断熱部材の耐候性能が十分でない場合、断熱部材
の劣化等で封止性能が大きく低下して光電変換層に水分
が侵入して侵食されてしまい、太陽電池モジュールの出
力が低下するという問題もあった。Further, it is necessary to seal the periphery of the solar cell module so that moisture does not enter the photoelectric conversion layer. However, if the weather resistance of the heat insulating member sandwiched between the solar cell module and the frame is not sufficient, the sealing performance is significantly reduced due to the deterioration of the heat insulating member, and moisture enters the photoelectric conversion layer and is eroded, There is also a problem that the output of the solar cell module decreases.
【００１５】特に、熱伝導の少ない発泡樹脂等を断熱部
材として使用した場合に取付強度の低下や封止性能の低
下が大きかった。なお、太陽電池モジュール裏面や太陽
電池モジュールとフレームとの間に断熱部材を設ける上
述の従来技術は、いずれも光透過型モジュールを前提と
していないので、当然ながら断熱部材も透明でないもの
を使用するのが一般的であった。In particular, when a foamed resin or the like having low thermal conductivity is used as the heat insulating member, the mounting strength and the sealing performance are greatly reduced. In addition, since the above-described conventional technologies of providing a heat insulating member between the back surface of the solar cell module and the solar cell module and the frame do not presuppose a light transmission type module, naturally, a heat insulating member that is not transparent is used. Was common.
【００１６】この発明は以上のような事情を考慮してな
されたものであり、光劣化が抑制されて高い出力が得ら
れる光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールを提供するもので
ある。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module in which light degradation is suppressed and a high output is obtained.
【００１７】[0017]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は、透光性基板
上に透明な表面電極層、光電変換層及び裏面電極層を順
に積層して太陽電池セルを形成し、表面電極層から光電
変換層を通って裏面電極層を透過する透光部を設け、裏
面電極層を透光性の封止材で覆い、封止材が約１５００
〜２０００ｎｍの近赤外波長領域で約４０％以上の光吸
収率を有し、それによって光電変換効率の劣化を防止す
ることを特徴とする光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールを
提供するものである。According to the present invention, a solar cell is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent front electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer on a light-transmitting substrate. A light-transmitting portion for transmitting the back electrode layer through the layer; covering the back electrode layer with a light-transmitting sealing material;
An object of the present invention is to provide a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module having a light absorptance of about 40% or more in a near-infrared wavelength region of ２０００2000 nm, thereby preventing deterioration of photoelectric conversion efficiency.
【００１８】またこの発明は、透光性基板上に透明な表
面電極層、光電変換層及び裏面電極層を順に積層して太
陽電池セルを形成し、表面電極層から光電変換層を通っ
て裏面電極層を透過する透光部を設け、裏面電極層を透
光性の封止材で覆い、封止材が気体を体積比で約１％〜
５０％含んだガラスであり、それによって光電変換効率
の劣化を防止することを特徴とする光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールを提供するものでもある。Further, according to the present invention, a solar cell is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent front electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer on a light-transmitting substrate. A light-transmitting portion that transmits the electrode layer is provided, and the back electrode layer is covered with a light-transmitting sealing material.
The present invention also provides a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module, which is a glass containing 50%, thereby preventing deterioration in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
【００１９】またこの発明は、透光性基板上に透明な表
面電極層、光電変換層及び裏面電極層を順に積層して太
陽電池セルを形成し、表面電極層から光電変換層を通っ
て裏面電極層を透過する透光部を設け、裏面電極層を透
光性の封止材で覆い、さらに、透光性基板上または封止
材上を透光性の断熱部材で覆い、それによって光電変換
効率の劣化を防止することを特徴とする光透過型薄膜太
陽電池モジュールを提供するものでもある。Further, according to the present invention, a solar cell is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent front electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer on a light-transmitting substrate. A light-transmitting portion that transmits the electrode layer is provided, the back electrode layer is covered with a light-transmitting sealing material, and further, the light-transmitting substrate or the sealing material is covered with a light-transmitting heat-insulating member. Another object of the present invention is to provide a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module characterized in that conversion efficiency is prevented from deteriorating.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明による光透過型薄膜太陽
電池モジュールは、その一つの形態として、透光部より
裏面にぬける太陽光のうち約１５００〜２０００ｎｍの
波長を有する近赤外波長領域を選択的に吸収できる透光
性の封止材を用いる。これにより、採光機能を低下させ
ることなく光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの温度を上
昇させてアニール効果を促進し、光劣化を低減できる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the present invention has, as one form, a near-infrared wavelength region having a wavelength of about 1500 to 2000 nm in sunlight passing from the light-transmitting portion to the back surface. A light-transmitting sealing material that can be selectively absorbed is used. Accordingly, the temperature of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module can be increased without lowering the daylighting function to promote the annealing effect and reduce light degradation.
【００２１】このような目的を達成できる封止材として
は、例えば、約４００〜８００ｎｍの可視光領域で約７
０％以上の光透過率を有する青板ガラスなどを挙げるこ
とができる。The sealing material that can achieve the above object is, for example, about 7 in a visible light region of about 400 to 800 nm.
Blue plate glass having a light transmittance of 0% or more can be given.
【００２２】また、封止材としては、酸化亜鉛膜、また
は酸化亜鉛膜と銀膜との積層膜が表面に形成されたガラ
ス板であって約４００〜８００ｎｍの可視光領域で約７
０％以上の透過率を有するものを用いることもできる。
このようなガラス板は熱線吸収ガラスとして機能するの
で、この発明の光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールに用い
る封止材として好適である。また、酸化亜鉛と銀は太陽
電池素子の裏面電極層として用いている材料であるた
め、新たに設備投資をすること無く簡易に作製できるの
で好都合である。The sealing material is a glass plate having a zinc oxide film or a laminated film of a zinc oxide film and a silver film formed on the surface thereof, and has a thickness of about 7 in a visible light region of about 400 to 800 nm.
Those having a transmittance of 0% or more can also be used.
Since such a glass plate functions as a heat ray absorbing glass, it is suitable as a sealing material used for the light transmission type thin film solar cell module of the present invention. In addition, since zinc oxide and silver are materials used as the back electrode layer of the solar cell element, they can be easily manufactured without additional capital investment, which is advantageous.
【００２３】またこの発明による光透過型薄膜太陽電池
モジュールは、その一つの形態として、気体を体積比で
約１〜５０％含んだガラスを透光性の封止材として用い
る。つまり、ガラスが例えば空気などの気体を含むと熱
伝導率が低くなるので断熱効果を期待できるようにな
る。従って、光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールに吸収さ
れた熱が裏面側からすぐに放熱されるのを防止して光透
過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールを高温に維持し、アニール
効果を促進して光劣化を低減できる。もちろん、採光機
能が低下することもない。In one embodiment of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the present invention, glass containing about 1 to 50% by volume of gas is used as a light-transmitting sealing material. In other words, if the glass contains a gas such as air, for example, the thermal conductivity is reduced, so that a heat insulating effect can be expected. Therefore, the heat absorbed by the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module is prevented from being immediately radiated from the back side, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module is maintained at a high temperature, the annealing effect is promoted, and the light deterioration is reduced. Can be reduced. Of course, the lighting function does not deteriorate.
【００２４】なお、気体を体積比で約１〜５０％含んだ
ガラスとしたのは、気体の体積比が約１％以下では断熱
効果が少なく、体積比が約５０％以上では封止材として
強度が弱くなるからである。The glass containing about 1 to 50% by volume of gas has a low heat insulating effect when the volume ratio of gas is about 1% or less, and as a sealing material when the volume ratio is about 50% or more. This is because the strength becomes weak.
【００２５】またこの発明による光透過型薄膜太陽電池
モジュールは、その一つの形態として透光性基板上また
は封止材上を透光性の断熱部材で覆う。The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the present invention, as one form thereof, covers a light-transmitting substrate or a sealing material with a light-transmitting heat-insulating member.
【００２６】つまり、光透過型モジュールに断熱部材が
密着した構造とすることにより、光透過型モジュールに
吸収された熱がすぐに放熱されるのを防止して光透過型
モジュールを高温に維持し、アニール効果を促進して光
劣化を低減できる。また、断熱部材は透光性のものを用
いるので採光機能を低下させることもない。That is, the structure in which the heat-insulating member is in close contact with the light-transmitting module prevents the heat absorbed by the light-transmitting module from being immediately radiated and maintains the light-transmitting module at a high temperature. In addition, it is possible to promote the annealing effect and reduce light degradation. In addition, since the heat insulating member is made of a light-transmitting member, the daylighting function is not reduced.
【００２７】断熱部材としては、熱伝導率が小さく可視
光線透過率が高いものほど望ましく、例えば、透明樹脂
に属するメタクリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリ
スチレン樹脂、メタロセン触媒で重合されたポリオレフ
ィン類、ポリエステル樹脂、透明フッ素樹脂、ポリイミ
ド樹脂などを用いることができ、なかでも、熱伝導率が
約０．０２ｋｃａｌ／ｍｈ℃で、可視光線透過率が約９
０％以上の性質をもつシリカエアロゲルを用いれば断熱
効果と採光機能を最大限に発揮できる。なお、断熱部材
は高温になるため、耐熱性、光照射状態での耐候性に優
れることが望ましく、更には焼却時にダイオキシン等の
公害物質を発生しないことが望ましい。As the heat insulating member, those having a small thermal conductivity and a high visible light transmittance are desirable. Transparent fluororesin, polyimide resin, etc. can be used. Among them, the thermal conductivity is about 0.02 kcal / mh ° C, and the visible light transmittance is about 9
If a silica airgel having a property of 0% or more is used, the heat insulating effect and the daylighting function can be exhibited to the maximum. Since the heat insulating member is heated to a high temperature, it is preferable that the heat insulating member has excellent heat resistance and weather resistance in a light irradiation state, and further, it is preferable that no pollutant such as dioxin is generated during incineration.
【００２８】断熱部材を透光性基板上または封止材上に
設ける際には接着剤を使用するが、具体的な接着剤とし
ては例えば、透明シリコン樹脂からなるものやＥＶＡか
らなるものなどを挙げることができる。When the heat insulating member is provided on the translucent substrate or the sealing material, an adhesive is used. Specific adhesives include, for example, those made of transparent silicon resin and those made of EVA. Can be mentioned.
【００２９】また、この発明の光透過型薄膜太陽電池モ
ジュールは、透光性基板が約１５００〜２０００ｎｍの
近赤外波長領域で平均約４０％以上の光吸収率を有する
ものを用いることができる。このような透光性基板とし
ては、例えば、約４００〜８００ｎｍの非晶質シリコン
系半導体感度波長領域で平均約７０％以上の透過率を有
する、透明導電膜付き青板ガラス基板などを挙げること
ができる。In the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module of the present invention, a light-transmitting substrate having an average absorptivity of about 40% or more in a near infrared wavelength region of about 1500 to 2000 nm can be used. . As such a light-transmitting substrate, for example, a soda-lime glass substrate with a transparent conductive film having an average transmittance of about 70% or more in an amorphous silicon-based semiconductor sensitivity wavelength region of about 400 to 800 nm may be used. it can.
【００３０】また、この発明の光透過型薄膜太陽電池モ
ジュールは、その周縁部を囲うフレームをさらに備えて
もよい。この場合、フレームの透光性基板側の熱放射率
は封止材側の熱放射率よりも高いことが好ましい。とい
うのは、このようなフレームを用いるとフレームの透光
性基板側、つまりフレームの受光面では太陽光の吸収が
増大し、一方、フレームの封止材側、つまり非受光面で
は熱の放射が低減してフレームの温度が上昇するからで
ある。Further, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module of the present invention may further include a frame surrounding the periphery thereof. In this case, it is preferable that the thermal emissivity of the frame on the transparent substrate side be higher than the thermal emissivity of the sealing material side. This is because the use of such a frame increases the absorption of sunlight on the transparent substrate side of the frame, that is, on the light receiving surface of the frame, while radiating heat on the sealing material side of the frame, that is, on the non-light receiving surface. Is reduced and the temperature of the frame increases.
【００３１】これにより、光透過型モジュール周辺部か
らフレームへ伝導する熱は減少するかまたは無くなり光
透過型モジュール周辺部の温度が上昇するので、アニー
ル効果がより一層促進されて光劣化が低減する。また、
フレームからの熱放射の低減によりフレーム自体が高温
となるので、従来のようにモジュールとフレームとの間
に断熱部材を設ける必要が無くなり、光透過型モジュー
ルとフレームとを強固に固定できるようになる。As a result, the heat conducted from the peripheral portion of the light transmitting type module to the frame is reduced or eliminated, and the temperature of the peripheral portion of the light transmitting type module increases, so that the annealing effect is further promoted and the light deterioration is reduced. . Also,
Since the frame itself becomes high temperature by reducing the heat radiation from the frame, there is no need to provide a heat insulating member between the module and the frame as in the conventional case, and the light transmitting module and the frame can be firmly fixed. .
【００３２】このようなフレームとしては、例えば、そ
の透光性基板側が黒色または暗色で封止材側が銀色また
は白色のフレームを挙げることができる。つまり、フレ
ームの透光性基板側を黒色または非晶質シリコン系半導
体層と同系の暗色とすればフレームの受光面における太
陽光の吸収が増大し、一方、フレームの封止材側を白色
または銀色とすればフレームの非受光面における熱の放
射が低減される。これにより、フレームの温度が上昇す
る。As such a frame, for example, a frame whose transparent substrate side is black or dark and whose sealing material side is silver or white can be cited. In other words, if the light-transmitting substrate side of the frame is made black or a dark color similar to that of the amorphous silicon-based semiconductor layer, the absorption of sunlight on the light receiving surface of the frame increases, while the sealing material side of the frame becomes white or white. If the color is silver, heat radiation on the non-light receiving surface of the frame is reduced. As a result, the temperature of the frame increases.
【００３３】また、透光性基板側が黒色または暗色で封
止材側に断熱部材が設けられてもよい。つまり、フレー
ムの封止材側を白色または銀色とするかわりに断熱部材
を用いることもできる。なお、このようなフレームを非
透過型モジュールに使用しても同様の効果を発揮するこ
とは明らかである。The light-transmitting substrate side may be black or dark, and a heat insulating member may be provided on the sealing material side. That is, a heat insulating member can be used instead of making the sealing material side of the frame white or silver. It is clear that similar effects can be obtained even when such a frame is used for a non-transmissive module.
【００３４】[0034]
【実施例】以下に図面に示す実施例に基づいてこの発明
を詳述する。なお、この実施例によってこの発明が限定
されるものではない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
【００３５】実施例１ この発明の実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図１〜図３に基づいて説明する。図１はこ
の発明の実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュー
ルの部分拡大断面図である。光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジ
ュール１は、ガラス基板２上に透明な表面電極層３、光
電変換層４、透明導電膜５と金属膜６とから構成される
裏面電極層７を順に積層して太陽電池セル８を形成し、
表面電極層３から光電変換層４を通って裏面電極層７を
透過する透光部９を設け、裏面電極層７を透光性の封止
材１０で覆い、封止材１０が約１５００〜２０００ｎｍ
の近赤外波長領域で約４０％以上の光吸収率を有し、そ
れによって光電変換効率の劣化を防止することを特徴と
している。Embodiment 1 A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 is formed by laminating a transparent front electrode layer 3, a photoelectric conversion layer 4, and a back electrode layer 7 composed of a transparent conductive film 5 and a metal film 6 on a glass substrate 2 in this order. Forming a battery cell 8,
A light-transmitting portion 9 that transmits the back electrode layer 7 from the front electrode layer 3 through the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is provided, and the back electrode layer 7 is covered with a light-transmitting sealing material 10. 2000nm
Has a light absorptance of about 40% or more in the near infrared wavelength region, thereby preventing deterioration of photoelectric conversion efficiency.
【００３６】以下に光透過型太陽電池モジュール１の作
製方法を示す。ＳｎＯ2 からなる透明な表面電極層３が
成膜されたガラス基板２にＹＡＧ基本波レーザーを用い
て表面電極層３のパターニングを行った。Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the light transmitting solar cell module 1 will be described. Using a YAG fundamental wave laser, the surface electrode layer 3 was patterned on the glass substrate 2 on which the transparent surface electrode layer 3 made of SnO 2 was formed.
【００３７】詳しくは、レーザー光をガラス基板２側か
ら入射させることにより、表面電極層３を短冊状に分離
して表面電極層分離ライン１１を形成した。この後、ガ
ラス基板２を純水で洗浄して光電変換層４をプラズマＣ
ＶＤ装置により形成した。光電変換層はｐ層、ｉ層、ｎ
層のアモルファスシリコンからなり、各層の膜厚の合計
は約１００〜６００ｎｍ程度である。More specifically, the surface electrode layer 3 was separated into strips by irradiating a laser beam from the glass substrate 2 side to form the surface electrode layer separation line 11. Thereafter, the glass substrate 2 is washed with pure water, and the photoelectric conversion
It was formed by a VD device. The photoelectric conversion layer is a p-layer, an i-layer, and an n-layer.
The layers are made of amorphous silicon, and the total thickness of each layer is about 100 to 600 nm.
【００３８】次にＹＡＧ ＳＨＧレーザーにより光電変
換層４のパターニングを行った。詳しくは、レーザー光
をガラス基板２側から入射させることにより、光電変換
層４を短冊状に分離して光電変換層分離ライン１２を形
成した。Next, the photoelectric conversion layer 4 was patterned by a YAG SHG laser. Specifically, the photoelectric conversion layer 4 was separated into strips by irradiating a laser beam from the glass substrate 2 side to form the photoelectric conversion layer separation line 12.
【００３９】この後、透明導電膜５と金属膜６からなる
裏面電極層７をスパッタリング装置により形成した。詳
しくは、透明導電膜５としてＺｎＯを膜厚約１００ｎｍ
で成膜した後、金属膜６としてＡｇを膜厚約５００ｎｍ
で成膜した。Thereafter, the back electrode layer 7 composed of the transparent conductive film 5 and the metal film 6 was formed by a sputtering device. Specifically, the transparent conductive film 5 is made of ZnO having a thickness of about 100 nm.
Then, Ag is formed as the metal film 6 to a thickness of about 500 nm.
Was formed.
【００４０】次に、顔料により任意の色に着色された着
色レジスト膜１３を裏面電極層７上に膜厚約１〜１０μ
ｍでスプレー方式で塗布し、乾燥炉で乾燥させた。次
に、ＹＡＧ ＳＨＧレーザーにより裏面電極層７のパタ
ーニングを行った。詳しくは、レーザ光をガラス基板側
から入射させることにより、裏面電極層７を短冊状に分
離して裏面電極層分離ライン１４を形成した。Next, a colored resist film 13 colored in an arbitrary color with a pigment is formed on the back electrode layer 7 to a thickness of about 1 to 10 μm.
m and applied in a drying oven. Next, the back electrode layer 7 was patterned by a YAG SHG laser. Specifically, the back electrode layer 7 was separated into strips by irradiating a laser beam from the glass substrate side to form the back electrode layer separation line 14.
【００４１】その後、ＹＡＧ ＳＨＧレーザーにより発
電領域内に透光部９を形成するためのパターニングを行
った。詳しくは、透光部９を不連続のライン形状とする
ためにマスクを用いてレーザー光をガラス面から入射さ
せることにより、透光部９を形成した。この時に透光部
９の本数や長さを変えることにより透光率を自由に設定
できるが、実施例１では全発電領域の約１０％を透光部
とした。透光部９の形成後、酸系及び硫化鉄系のエッチ
ング液により、裏面電極層７の残りかすを除去した。Thereafter, patterning for forming the light-transmitting portion 9 in the power generation region was performed by a YAG SHG laser. More specifically, the light-transmitting portion 9 was formed by applying a laser beam from a glass surface using a mask in order to form the light-transmitting portion 9 into a discontinuous line shape. At this time, the light transmittance can be freely set by changing the number and length of the light-transmitting portions 9, but in Example 1, about 10% of the entire power generation area was used as the light-transmitting portion. After the formation of the translucent portion 9, the residue on the back electrode layer 7 was removed with an acid-based and iron sulfide-based etchant.
【００４２】その後、裏面電極層７上にＥＶＡのシート
状接着剤１５を用いて、ラミネート及びキュア工程を経
てガラス基板２と同サイズの青板ガラスを封止材１０と
して貼り付け、ガラス基板２との合わせガラス構造とし
た。青板ガラスは厚さ約４ｍｍのものを用いた。この青
板ガラスは可視光線透過率が高く、また、近赤外線領域
で約４０％以上の光吸収率を有する低コスト材料であ
る。Thereafter, using a sheet-like adhesive 15 of EVA on the back electrode layer 7, a blue plate glass of the same size as the glass substrate 2 is pasted as a sealing material 10 through a laminating and curing process, and Laminated glass structure. A blue plate glass having a thickness of about 4 mm was used. This blue plate glass is a low-cost material having a high visible light transmittance and a light absorption of about 40% or more in the near infrared region.
【００４３】端子（図示せず）は＋極と−極を封止材１
０に設けた穴（図示せず）からそれぞれ取り、封止材１
０に接着した端子ボックス（図示せず）を経由して電力
を取り出せるようにした。The terminals (not shown) connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode with the sealing material 1.
0 from the holes (not shown) provided in the sealing material 1
The power can be taken out via a terminal box (not shown) bonded to the “0”.
【００４４】その後、図２及び図３に示すように、光透
過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１の周囲にブチルゴム（図
示せず）を介してアルミニウム製のフレーム１６を取り
付けて完成させた。なお、図２はフレーム１６が取り付
けられた光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１の平面図で
あり、図３は図２の簡略的なＡ−Ａ断面図である。図２
および図３共に光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１の細
部構造、ブチルゴム、端子及び端子ボックスは省略して
ある。Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an aluminum frame 16 was attached to the periphery of the light transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 via butyl rubber (not shown) to complete the module. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 to which the frame 16 is attached, and FIG. 3 is a simplified sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG.
3 and 3, the detailed structure of the light transmission type thin film solar cell module 1, butyl rubber, terminals, and a terminal box are omitted.
【００４５】比較例 次に、この発明による光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール
との比較のために作製した非透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図９に基づいて簡単に説明する。図９に示
すように、比較例として作製した非透過型薄膜太陽電池
モジュール２０１は、実施例１のように透光部９を設け
ず、また、封止材１０の代わりにシート状のガラス繊維
からなる断熱部材２１０をＥＶＡからなる接着剤１５で
貼り付けたものである。断熱部材２１０はガラス基板２
と同じ寸法を有し、その厚さは約２ｍｍである。その他
の構成は実施例１と同じである。以上のような非透過型
薄膜太陽電池モジュール２０１を、実施例１で用いたの
と同じフレーム１６にブチルゴムを介して取り付け、比
較例とした。 Comparative Example Next, a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module manufactured for comparison with the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the non-transmissive thin-film solar cell module 201 manufactured as a comparative example does not include the light-transmitting portion 9 unlike the first embodiment, and has a sheet-like glass fiber instead of the sealing material 10. A heat insulating member 210 made of EVA is attached with an adhesive 15 made of EVA. The heat insulating member 210 is a glass substrate 2
And has a thickness of about 2 mm. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. The non-transmissive thin-film solar cell module 201 as described above was mounted on the same frame 16 as that used in Example 1 via butyl rubber, and was used as a comparative example.
【００４６】実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池１と
比較例に係る非透過型薄膜太陽電池２０１とを屋外に設
置し、その温度と光電変換効率の変化を調べた。比較例
では、モジュールの温度が夏期において最高でもモジュ
ール中央部で気温より約４０度の温度上昇、フレーム近
傍のモジュール周辺部で約２５度の温度上昇に止まっ
た。実施例１のモジュールでは気温に対してモジュール
全面平均で約３０〜４５度の温度上昇となり、夏期にお
いて約６０〜７５℃となった。この結果、比較例では年
平均で約２４％の光劣化が生じていたが、実施例１では
光劣化が年平均で約２２％となり、改善効果が確認され
た。The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell 1 according to Example 1 and the non-transmitting thin-film solar cell 201 according to the comparative example were installed outdoors, and changes in temperature and photoelectric conversion efficiency were examined. In the comparative example, the temperature of the module in the summer was at most about 40 ° C. higher than the air temperature at the center of the module, and was only about 25 ° C. higher at the periphery of the module near the frame. In the module of Example 1, the temperature rise was about 30 to 45 degrees on the whole module average with respect to the air temperature, and was about 60 to 75C in summer. As a result, in the comparative example, about 24% of light deterioration was generated on an annual average, but in Example 1, the light deterioration was about 22% on an annual average, and an improvement effect was confirmed.
【００４７】実施例２ この発明の実施例２に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図４に基づいて説明する。図４は実施例２
に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの部分拡大断面
図である。Embodiment 2 A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows the second embodiment.
1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the present invention.
【００４８】図４に示すように、実施例２に係る光透過
型薄膜太陽電池モジュール２１は、封止材３０としてガ
ラス板３０ａに酸化亜鉛膜３０ｂを膜厚約１μｍで成膜
したものを使用した。それ以外の構成および各部材の形
成方法は実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュー
ル１と同じなので、それらの説明は省略する。As shown in FIG. 4, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 21 according to the second embodiment uses a sealing material 30 in which a zinc oxide film 30b is formed to a thickness of about 1 μm on a glass plate 30a. did. The other configuration and the method of forming each member are the same as those of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
【００４９】実施例２に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池２１
と比較例に係る非透過型薄膜太陽電池２０１とを屋外に
設置し、その温度と光電変換効率の変化を調べた。比較
例では、モジュールの温度が夏期において最高でもモジ
ュール中央部で気温より約４０度の温度上昇、フレーム
近傍のモジュール周辺部で約２５度の温度上昇に止まっ
た。実施例２のモジュールでは気温に対してモジュール
全面平均で約３５〜５０度の温度上昇となり、夏期にお
いて約６５〜８０℃となった。この結果、比較例では年
平均で約２４％の光劣化が生じていたが、実施例２では
光劣化が年平均で約２１％となり、改善効果が確認され
た。Light transmission type thin film solar cell 21 according to Example 2
And the non-transmissive thin-film solar cell 201 according to the comparative example were installed outdoors, and changes in the temperature and the photoelectric conversion efficiency were examined. In the comparative example, the temperature of the module in the summer was at most about 40 ° C. higher than the air temperature at the center of the module, and was only about 25 ° C. higher at the periphery of the module near the frame. In the module of Example 2, the temperature rise was about 35 to 50 degrees on the whole module average with respect to the air temperature, and was about 65 to 80C in summer. As a result, in the comparative example, about 24% of light deterioration was generated on an annual average, but in Example 2, the light deterioration was about 21% on an annual average, and an improvement effect was confirmed.
【００５０】なお、実施例２では封止材３０としてガラ
ス板３０ａに酸化亜鉛膜３０ｂを膜厚約１μｍで成膜し
たものを用いたが、熱線吸収膜として最適化された酸化
亜鉛膜と銀膜との積層膜を用いるとさらに良い。In the second embodiment, a zinc oxide film 30b having a thickness of about 1 μm is formed on a glass plate 30a as the sealing material 30. However, a zinc oxide film optimized for a heat ray absorbing film and silver It is more preferable to use a laminated film with a film.
【００５１】実施例３ この発明の実施例３に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図５に基づいて説明する。図５は実施例３
に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの部分拡大断面
図である。図５に示すように、実施例３に係る光透過型
薄膜太陽電池モジュール４１は、封止材５０として空気
を体積比で約１０％含んだガラス板を用いた。それ以外
の構成および各部材の形成方法は実施例１に係る光透過
型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１と同じなので、それらの説
明は省略する。Embodiment 3 A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment.
1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 41 according to Example 3 used a glass plate containing about 10% by volume of air as a sealing material 50. The other configuration and the method of forming each member are the same as those of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
【００５２】実施例３に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池４１
と比較例に係る非透過型薄膜太陽電池２０１とを屋外に
設置し、その温度と光電変換効率の変化を調べた。比較
例では、モジュールの温度が夏期において最高でもモジ
ュール中央部で気温より約４０度の温度上昇、フレーム
近傍のモジュール周辺部で約２５度の温度上昇に止まっ
た。実施例３のモジュールでは気温に対してモジュール
全面平均で約３５〜５０度の温度上昇となり、夏期にお
いて約６５〜８０℃となった。この結果、比較例では年
平均で約２４％の光劣化が生じていたが、実施例３では
光劣化が年平均で約２１％となり、改善効果が確認され
た。Light transmission type thin film solar cell 41 according to Example 3
And the non-transmissive thin-film solar cell 201 according to the comparative example were installed outdoors, and changes in the temperature and the photoelectric conversion efficiency were examined. In the comparative example, the temperature of the module in the summer was at most about 40 ° C. higher than the air temperature at the center of the module, and was only about 25 ° C. higher at the periphery of the module near the frame. In the module of Example 3, the temperature of the entire module increased by about 35 to 50 degrees with respect to the air temperature, and reached about 65 to 80C in summer. As a result, in the comparative example, about 24% of light deterioration was generated on an annual average, but in Example 3, the light deterioration was about 21% on an annual average, and an improvement effect was confirmed.
【００５３】実施例４ この発明の実施例４に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図６に基づいて説明する。図６は実施例４
に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの断面を簡略的
に説明する断面図であり、実施例１の図３に相当する図
である。なお、実施例１〜３と同じ名称および構成の部
材は同じ符号を用いて説明する。Embodiment 4 A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a cross section of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the first embodiment, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of Example 1. Note that members having the same names and configurations as those in Examples 1 to 3 will be described using the same reference numerals.
【００５４】図６に示すように、実施例４に係る光透過
型薄膜太陽電池モジュール６１は、実施例１に係る光透
過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１（図１、図３参照）の封
止材１０上に透明な断熱部材１６を透明なシリコーン樹
脂からなる接着剤を用いて貼り付けたものである。As shown in FIG. 6, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 61 according to the fourth embodiment is a sealing material for the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 3). A transparent heat-insulating member 16 is adhered on the top 10 using an adhesive made of a transparent silicone resin.
【００５５】断熱部材１６は、熱伝導率が約０．０２ｋ
ｃａｌ／ｍｈ℃で、可視光線透過率が約９０％のシリカ
エアロゲルからなるもので、その厚さは約１０ｍｍであ
る。また、断熱部材の接着方法は、上記透明シリコーン
樹脂を用いた接着に限らず、ＥＶＡを接着剤としたラミ
ネート法、もしくはモジュールに直接塗布して硬化させ
る方法でも良い。それ以外の構成および各部材の形成方
法は実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１
と同じなので、それらの説明は省略する。The heat insulating member 16 has a thermal conductivity of about 0.02 k
It is made of silica airgel having a visible light transmittance of about 90% at cal / mh ° C. and has a thickness of about 10 mm. The method of bonding the heat insulating member is not limited to the bonding using the transparent silicone resin, but may be a lamination method using EVA as an adhesive, or a method of directly applying and curing the module. The other configuration and the method of forming each member are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Therefore, their description is omitted.
【００５６】実施例４に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池６１
と比較例に係る非透過型薄膜太陽電池２０１とを屋外に
設置し、その温度と光電変換効率の変化を調べた。比較
例では、モジュールの温度が夏期において最高でもモジ
ュール中央部で気温より約４０度の温度上昇、フレーム
近傍のモジュール周辺部で約２５度の温度上昇に止まっ
た。実施例４のモジュールでは気温に対してモジュール
全面平均で約４２〜５５度の温度上昇となり、夏期にお
いて約７２〜８５℃となった。この結果、比較例では年
平均で約２４％の光劣化が生じていたが、実施例４では
光劣化が年平均で約２０％となり、改善効果が確認され
た。Light transmitting thin-film solar cell 61 according to Example 4
And the non-transmissive thin-film solar cell 201 according to the comparative example were installed outdoors, and changes in the temperature and the photoelectric conversion efficiency were examined. In the comparative example, the temperature of the module in the summer was at most about 40 ° C. higher than the air temperature at the center of the module, and was only about 25 ° C. higher at the periphery of the module near the frame. In the module of Example 4, the temperature rose by about 42 to 55 degrees on the whole module with respect to the air temperature, and reached about 72 to 85C in summer. As a result, in the comparative example, about 24% of light deterioration was generated on an annual average, but in Example 4, the light deterioration was about 20% on an annual average, and an improvement effect was confirmed.
【００５７】実施例５ この発明の実施例５に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図７に基づいて説明する。図６は実施例４
に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの断面を簡略的
に説明する断面図であり、実施例１の図３に相当する図
である。なお、実施例１〜４と同じ名称及び構成の部材
は同じ符号を用いて説明する。Embodiment 5 A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a cross section of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the first embodiment, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of Example 1. Note that members having the same names and configurations as those in Examples 1 to 4 will be described using the same reference numerals.
【００５８】図７に示すように、実施例５に係る光透過
型薄膜太陽電池モジュール８１は、実施例１に係る光透
過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１（図１、図３参照）のガ
ラス基板２と表面電極層３を、熱ＣＶＤ法によって酸化
錫透明導電膜が蒸着された青板ガラス８２としたもので
ある。そして、上述の実施例４と同様に封止材１０上に
透明な断熱部材１６を透明なシリコーン樹脂からなる接
着剤を用いて貼り付けたものである。それ以外の構成お
よび各部材の形成方法は実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太
陽電池モジュールと同じなので、それらの説明は省略す
る。As shown in FIG. 7, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 81 according to the fifth embodiment is the same as the glass substrate 2 of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 3). And the surface electrode layer 3 is a soda-lime glass 82 on which a tin oxide transparent conductive film is deposited by a thermal CVD method. In the same manner as in the fourth embodiment, a transparent heat insulating member 16 is stuck on the sealing material 10 using an adhesive made of a transparent silicone resin. Other configurations and the method of forming each member are the same as those of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
【００５９】実施例５に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池８１
と比較例に係る非透過型薄膜太陽電池２０１とを屋外に
設置し、その温度と光電変換効率の変化を調べた。比較
例では、モジュールの温度が夏期において最高でもモジ
ュール中央部で気温より約４０度の温度上昇、フレーム
近傍のモジュール周辺部で約２５度の温度上昇に止まっ
た。実施例５のモジュールでは気温に対してモジュール
全面平均で約５０〜６０度の温度上昇となり、夏期にお
いて約８０〜９０℃となった。この結果、比較例では年
平均で約２４％の光劣化が生じていたが、実施例５では
光劣化が年平均で約１８％となり、大きな改善効果が確
認された。Light transmitting thin-film solar cell 81 according to Embodiment 5
And the non-transmissive thin-film solar cell 201 according to the comparative example were installed outdoors, and changes in the temperature and the photoelectric conversion efficiency were examined. In the comparative example, the temperature of the module in the summer was at most about 40 ° C. higher than the air temperature at the center of the module, and was only about 25 ° C. higher at the periphery of the module near the frame. In the module of Example 5, the temperature rise was about 50 to 60 degrees on the whole module average with respect to the air temperature, and was about 80 to 90C in summer. As a result, in the comparative example, about 24% of light deterioration occurred on an annual average, but in Example 5, the light deterioration was about 18% on an annual average, and a great improvement effect was confirmed.
【００６０】実施例６ この発明の実施例６に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ールについて図８に基づいて説明する。図８は実施例６
に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの断面を簡略的
に説明する断面図であり、実施例１の図３に相当する図
である。なお、実施例１〜５と同じ名称及び構成の部材
は同じ符号を用いて説明する。Embodiment 6 A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a cross section of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to the first embodiment, and is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 of Example 1. Note that members having the same names and configurations as those of the first to fifth embodiments will be described using the same reference numerals.
【００６１】図８に示すように、実施例６に係る光透過
型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１０１は、実施例１に係る光
透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール１（図３参照）のフレー
ム１５を、太陽光が直接照射される面（受光面）が黒色
でそれ以外の部分（非受光面）が銀色のフレーム１１５
としたものである。図８において、フレーム１１５の黒
色とされた部分は、ガラス基板２と平行となる表面１１
５ａと、表面１１５ａからほぼ垂直に折れ曲がった側面
１１５ｂである。そして、上述の実施例４と同様に封止
材１０上に透明な断熱部材１６が透明なシリコーン樹脂
からなる接着剤を用いて貼り付けられている。As shown in FIG. 8, the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 101 according to the sixth embodiment includes a frame 15 of the light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment (see FIG. 3). Frame 115 whose surface (light receiving surface) to which light is directly irradiated is black and the other portion (non-light receiving surface) is silver
It is what it was. In FIG. 8, the black portion of the frame 115 is the surface 11 parallel to the glass substrate 2.
5a and a side surface 115b bent substantially perpendicularly from the surface 115a. Then, similarly to the above-described fourth embodiment, the transparent heat insulating member 16 is attached on the sealing material 10 using an adhesive made of a transparent silicone resin.
【００６２】実施例６に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電池１０
１と比較例に係る非透過型薄膜太陽電池２０１とを屋外
に設置し、その温度と光電変換効率の変化を調べた。比
較例では、モジュールの温度が夏期において最高でもモ
ジュール中央部で気温より約４０度の温度上昇、フレー
ム近傍のモジュール周辺部で約２５度の温度上昇に止ま
った。実施例６のモジュールでは気温に対してモジュー
ル全面平均で約４５〜５５度の温度上昇となり、夏期に
おいて約７５〜８５℃となった。この結果、比較例では
年平均で約２４％の光劣化が生じていたが、実施例６で
は光劣化が年平均で約１９％となり、大きな改善効果が
確認された。Light transmission type thin film solar cell 10 according to Embodiment 6
1 and the non-transmissive thin-film solar cell 201 according to the comparative example were installed outdoors, and changes in the temperature and the photoelectric conversion efficiency were examined. In the comparative example, the temperature of the module in the summer was at most about 40 ° C. higher than the air temperature at the center of the module, and was only about 25 ° C. higher at the periphery of the module near the frame. In the module of Example 6, the temperature rise was about 45 to 55 degrees on the whole module average with respect to the air temperature, and was about 75 to 85C in summer. As a result, in the comparative example, the light deterioration was about 24% on an annual average, but in Example 6, the light deterioration was about 19% on an annual average, and a great improvement effect was confirmed.
【００６３】実施例のまとめとして、比較例と実施例１
〜６の気温からの上昇温度と光劣化率をそれぞれ表１に
示す。なお表１中の気温からの上昇温度は、比較例では
モジュール中央部で測定した温度であり、実施例１〜６
ではモジュール全面の平均温度である。As a summary of Examples, Comparative Example and Example 1
Table 1 shows the temperature rise and the light deterioration rate from the air temperature of Nos. To 6, respectively. Note that the temperature rise from the air temperature in Table 1 is the temperature measured at the center of the module in the comparative example.
Is the average temperature of the entire module.
【００６４】[0064]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００６５】[0065]
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの透光性の封止材が約１５００〜２０００
ｎｍの近赤外波長領域で約４０％以上の光吸収率を有す
るので、光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュールの光劣化を低
減して高い出力を得ることができる。According to the present invention, the light-transmitting thin film solar cell module has a light-transmitting sealing material of about 1500 to 2000
Since it has a light absorptivity of about 40% or more in the near infrared wavelength region of nm, high output can be obtained by reducing light deterioration of the light transmitting thin film solar cell module.
【図１】この発明の実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
【図２】この発明の実施例１に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールにフレームを取り付けた状態を示す平面図
である。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which a frame is attached to the light transmitting thin film solar cell module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
【図３】図２のＡ−Ａ断面を簡略的に示した断面図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a sectional view schematically showing a section taken along line AA of FIG. 2;
【図４】この発明の実施例２に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
【図５】この発明の実施例３に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
【図６】この発明の実施例４に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの断面を簡略的に示した断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
【図７】この発明の実施例５に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの断面を簡略的に示した断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
【図８】この発明の実施例６に係る光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュールの断面を簡略的に示した断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
【図９】比較例として作製した非透過型薄膜太陽電池モ
ジュールの部分拡大断面図である。FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a non-transmissive thin-film solar cell module manufactured as a comparative example.
【符号の説明】 １・・・光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール ２・・・ガラス基板 ３・・・表面電極層 ４・・・光電変換層 ５・・・透明導電膜 ６・・・金属膜 ７・・・裏面電極層 ８・・・太陽電池セル ９・・・透光部 １０・・・封止材 １１・・・表面電極層分離ライン １２・・・光電変換層分離ライン １３・・・着色レジスト膜 １４・・・裏面電極層分離ライン １５・・・接着剤[Description of Signs] 1 ... Light transmitting thin film solar cell module 2 ... Glass substrate 3 ... Surface electrode layer 4 ... Photoelectric conversion layer 5 ... Transparent conductive film 6 ... Metal film 7 ... back electrode layer 8 ... solar cell 9 ... translucent part 10 ... sealing material 11 ... front electrode layer separation line 12 ... photoelectric conversion layer separation line 13 ... coloring Resist film 14 ・ ・ ・ Back electrode layer separation line 15 ・ ・ ・ Adhesive
Claims (11)
変換層及び裏面電極層を順に積層して太陽電池セルを形
成し、表面電極層から光電変換層を通って裏面電極層を
透過する透光部を設け、裏面電極層を透光性の封止材で
覆い、封止材が１５００〜２０００ｎｍの近赤外波長領
域で４０％以上の光吸収率を有することを特徴とする光
透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール。1. A solar cell is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent front electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer on a translucent substrate, and forming the back electrode layer from the front electrode layer through the photoelectric conversion layer. A translucent portion that transmits light is provided, the back electrode layer is covered with a translucent sealing material, and the sealing material has a light absorptivity of 40% or more in a near infrared wavelength region of 1500 to 2000 nm. Light transmission type thin film solar cell module.
領域で７０％以上の光透過率を有する青板ガラスである
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の光透過型薄膜太陽電
池モジュール。2. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the sealing material is blue plate glass having a light transmittance of 70% or more in a visible light region of 400 to 800 nm.
膜と銀膜との積層膜が表面に形成されたガラス板であっ
て４００〜８００ｎｍの可視光領域で７０％以上の透過
率を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の光透過型
薄膜太陽電池モジュール。3. The sealing material is a glass plate having a zinc oxide film or a laminated film of a zinc oxide film and a silver film formed on a surface thereof, and has a transmittance of 70% or more in a visible light region of 400 to 800 nm. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to claim 1, comprising:
変換層及び裏面電極層を順に積層して太陽電池セルを形
成し、表面電極層から光電変換層を通って裏面電極層を
透過する透光部を設け、裏面電極層を透光性の封止材で
覆い、封止材が気体を体積比で１％〜５０％含んだガラ
スであることを特徴とする光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ール。4. A solar cell is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent front electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer on a translucent substrate, and forming the back electrode layer from the front electrode layer through the photoelectric conversion layer. A light-transmitting thin film, wherein a light-transmitting portion that transmits light is provided, the back electrode layer is covered with a light-transmitting sealing material, and the sealing material is glass containing 1% to 50% by volume of gas. Solar cell module.
変換層及び裏面電極層を順に積層して太陽電池セルを形
成し、表面電極層から光電変換層を通って裏面電極層を
透過する透光部を設け、裏面電極層を透光性の封止材で
覆い、さらに、透光性基板上または封止材上を透光性の
断熱部材で覆うことを特徴とする光透過型薄膜太陽電池
モジュール。5. A solar cell is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent front electrode layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode layer on a translucent substrate, and forming the back electrode layer from the front electrode layer through the photoelectric conversion layer. A light-transmitting portion, wherein a light-transmitting portion that transmits light is provided, the back electrode layer is covered with a light-transmitting sealing material, and the light-transmitting heat-insulating member covers the light-transmitting substrate or the sealing material. Type thin film solar cell module.
ルであることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の光透過型薄
膜太陽電池モジュール。6. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein the heat insulating member is a sheet-shaped silica airgel.
の近赤外波長領域で４０％以上の光吸収率を有すること
を特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１つに記載の光透
過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール。7. The light-transmitting substrate has a thickness of 1500 to 2000 nm.
The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, having a light absorption of 40% or more in the near infrared wavelength region.
長領域で７０％以上の透過率を有する、透明導電膜付き
青板ガラス基板であることを特徴とする請求項７に記載
の光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール。8. The light transmitting type according to claim 7, wherein the light transmitting substrate is a soda lime glass substrate with a transparent conductive film having a transmittance of 70% or more in a wavelength region of 400 to 800 nm. Thin film solar cell module.
部を囲うフレームをさらに備え、このフレームの透光性
基板側の熱放射率は封止材側の熱放射率よりも高いこと
を特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか１つに記載の光透
過型薄膜太陽電池モジュール。9. A light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module further comprising a frame surrounding a peripheral portion thereof, wherein a heat emissivity of the frame on a light-transmitting substrate side is higher than a heat emissivity of a sealing material side. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to claim 1.
または暗色で封止材側が銀色または白色であることを特
徴とする請求項９に記載の光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュ
ール。10. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the light-transmitting substrate side of the frame is black or dark and the sealing material side is silver or white.
または暗色で封止材側に断熱部材を有することを特徴と
する請求項９に記載の光透過型薄膜太陽電池モジュー
ル。11. The light-transmitting thin-film solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein the light-transmitting substrate side of the frame has a black or dark color and a heat insulating member on the sealing material side.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000221029A JP2002043594A (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Optical transmission type thin film solar cell module |
| US09/901,618 US6525264B2 (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2001-07-11 | Thin-film solar cell module |
| DE10134901A DE10134901B4 (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2001-07-18 | Transmissive thin-film solar cell module with a transparent substrate, a translucent section and a translucent sealing layer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000221029A JP2002043594A (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Optical transmission type thin film solar cell module |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2002043594A true JP2002043594A (en) | 2002-02-08 |
Family
ID=18715526
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000221029A Pending JP2002043594A (en) | 2000-07-21 | 2000-07-21 | Optical transmission type thin film solar cell module |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2002043594A (en) |
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