JP2001346459A - Method for cultivating plant and device for cultivating plant - Google Patents
Method for cultivating plant and device for cultivating plantInfo
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- JP2001346459A JP2001346459A JP2000170164A JP2000170164A JP2001346459A JP 2001346459 A JP2001346459 A JP 2001346459A JP 2000170164 A JP2000170164 A JP 2000170164A JP 2000170164 A JP2000170164 A JP 2000170164A JP 2001346459 A JP2001346459 A JP 2001346459A
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- plant
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- cultivation
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、土壌を使用しない
で野菜・草花等の植物を栽培する植物栽培方法と植物栽
培装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation apparatus for cultivating plants such as vegetables and flowers without using soil.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】土壌を使用しないで植物を栽培する方法
として水耕栽培がある。即ち、この水耕栽培は、野菜類
の大規模栽培から家庭における野菜・草花類の小規模栽
培に至るまで広く普及しており、本来土壌中に根を張ら
して栽培する野菜・草花等の植物の根を培液中に浸漬さ
せて、その倍液を培地として栽培する形態を特徴として
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Hydroponics is a method of cultivating plants without using soil. That is, this hydroponic cultivation is widely spread from large-scale cultivation of vegetables to small-scale cultivation of vegetables and flowers at home. It is characterized in that the roots of the plant are immersed in a culture medium, and the doubled solution is cultivated as a culture medium.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】以上の従来の水耕栽培
方法は、培液中に根を浸漬させた状態のまま栽培するの
で湿地性植物には適するものの「土壌が適度な乾燥状態
を好む乾地性植物」には適しない難点がある。そして、
土壌栽培では土壌中の空気によって根への酸素供給がさ
れるものの、水耕栽培における植物根の酸素摂取は培液
中の溶存酸素のみに頼らざるを得ないので酸素不足によ
る成育不良をもたらすことがある。The above-mentioned conventional hydroponic cultivation method is suitable for wetland plants because the cultivation is carried out with the roots immersed in the culture medium, but "the soil prefers a moderately dry state." There are disadvantages that are not suitable for "dry land plants". And
In soil cultivation, oxygen in the roots is supplied by air in the soil, but oxygen intake of plant roots in hydroponic cultivation must rely solely on dissolved oxygen in the culture solution, leading to poor growth due to lack of oxygen. There is.
【０００４】本発明は、以上の従来技術の難点を解消す
る植物栽培方法と植物栽培装置を提供するものである。[0004] The present invention provides a plant cultivation method and a plant cultivation apparatus which solve the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】以上の技術課題を解決す
る本発明は「透水性の培地層の下方に空気層を設けた培
地形態に成し、しかるのち、培液を該培地層に再循環潅
水し、続いて、該再循環潅水を間欠することによって該
培地層の湿度・乾度を調整すると共に、前記培地層から
重力落下して前記空気層を通過する前記培液に空中酸素
を付与して、前記培地層に植えた植物を栽培することを
特徴とする植物栽培方法」と、Means for Solving the Problems The present invention for solving the above technical problem is to form a medium having an air layer provided below a water-permeable medium layer, and thereafter, a culture solution is reapplied to the medium layer. Circulating watering, and then adjusting the humidity and dryness of the medium layer by intermittently performing the recirculating watering, and adding air oxygen to the culture solution that drops by gravity from the medium layer and passes through the air layer. Imparted, a plant cultivation method characterized by cultivating a plant planted in the medium layer,
【０００６】「上方開口有底の液体容器からなる栽培容
器内を、透水性の培地層と該培地層の下方の空気層と該
空気層下方の培液層の３層構造に構成すると共に、該培
液層の培液を前記培地層に再循環潅水する潅水パイプと
培液ポンプからなる潅水手段と、該培液ポンプの作動を
設定インターバルで間欠作動制御するポンプタイマーを
備えた構造を特徴とする植物栽培装置」に成っている。
なお、本発明における培地とは、植物栽培において、植
物が根を張って水分・栄養分を吸い上げる部分をいう。[0006] The inside of a cultivation container comprising a liquid container having an upper opening and a bottom has a three-layer structure of a water-permeable medium layer, an air layer below the medium layer, and a medium layer below the air layer. It is characterized by a structure comprising a watering means comprising a watering pipe and a medium pump for recirculating and watering the medium in the medium layer to the medium layer, and a pump timer for controlling the operation of the medium pump intermittently at set intervals. Plant cultivation equipment. "
In the present invention, the term “medium” refers to a part in a plant cultivation in which a plant establishes a root and sucks up water and nutrients.
【０００７】即ち、本発明の植物栽培方法は、植物根を
培液中に浸漬しないで培地層中を通過する培液によって
生育させる思想からなるものにして、その培地層に潅水
した培液を「空気層を通して自然重力落下させてリサイ
クル循環潅水させる」ことによって培液中の酸素濃度を
確保すると共に、そのリサイクル再循環潅水を所定のイ
ンターバルで間欠させることによって培地層の湿度・乾
度を当該植物の適性に整合した状態に維持して、多湿地
性植物・乾地性植物のいずれでも効率良く栽培可能にす
る栽培プロセスを特徴としている。[0007] That is, the plant cultivation method of the present invention is based on the idea that the plant roots are grown by a culture solution that passes through the culture medium layer without being immersed in the culture medium. The oxygen concentration in the culture medium is ensured by "natural gravity drop through the air layer and recirculated and irrigated", and the humidity and dryness of the medium layer are controlled by intermittently performing the recycle and recirculated irrigation at predetermined intervals. It is characterized by a cultivation process in which both wetland and dryland plants can be efficiently cultivated while maintaining a state consistent with the suitability of the plants.
【０００８】そして、前記の水透過性培地層は「砂・ロ
ックファイバー・ロックウール・鉱物粒子・合成樹脂毛
状物・金属粒状物・非金属粒状物・陶磁質粒状物・ガラ
ス粒状物・苔類・木質粒状物」等を網体バスケット等の
容器に入れて「微細空隙や粒間空隙が存在する層状」に
成し、潅水の重力排水性が良く、かつ、潅水によって層
形態が崩れず、植物が根を張って生育し得ると共に、そ
の根の引き抜きができる物理的形態に構成される。[0008] The water-permeable medium layer is composed of "sand, rock fiber, rock wool, mineral particles, synthetic resin hair, metal granules, nonmetal granules, ceramic granules, glass granules, moss. Classification of woody materials, etc. into containers such as mesh baskets to form a layered structure with microvoids and intergranular voids. It is constructed in a physical form that allows plants to grow with roots and allows the roots to be withdrawn.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】前記構成の本発明の植物栽培方法・植物栽培装
置は、植物根を培液中に浸漬状態にしないで培地層に潅
水される培液によって生育させるので、その培液潅水を
所定のインターバルで間欠したり潅水量を調整すること
によって、培地層を当該植物に適する乾度・湿度に設定
維持可能となり、湿地性植物・乾地性植物のいずれでも
栽培できる。With the plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device of the present invention having the above-described structure, the plant roots are grown in a culture solution irrigated in the medium layer without being immersed in the culture solution. By intermittently adjusting the amount of irrigation at intervals, the medium layer can be set and maintained at a dryness and humidity suitable for the plant, and any wetland plant or dryland plant can be cultivated.
【００１０】そして、その培地層に潅水する培液は培地
層通過後に空気層を重力落下通過するので、その通過中
に空中酸素を取り入れて溶存酸素量を増して再循環する
ので植物根への酸素供給作用が活発になり、さらに潅水
断のとき培地層に空気が入り込んで植物根と酸素の接触
が活発になるので、当該植物の生育が特段に良好に促進
される作用がある。そして、培液の人工的再循環による
容器栽培形態となるので、大規模量産から一般家庭の庭
先・ベランダ等における小規模栽培まで自然天候に左右
されない植物栽培が可能になる。[0010] Then, the culture solution to be irrigated into the medium layer passes through the air layer after passing through the medium layer, and passes through the air layer by gravity. During the passage, air oxygen is taken in, the amount of dissolved oxygen is increased, and the medium is recirculated. Oxygen supply is activated, and air is introduced into the medium layer when irrigation is interrupted to increase the contact between plant roots and oxygen, so that the growth of the plant is particularly well promoted. And since it becomes container cultivation form by artificial recirculation of a culture solution, plant cultivation which is not affected by natural weather from large-scale mass production to small-scale cultivation in a garden or a veranda of a general household becomes possible.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】まず、本発明一実施例の植物栽培
装置１（以下、単に栽培装置１という）を図１・図２を
参照して説明する。即ち、この実施例の栽培装置１は一
般家庭の庭先やベランダで野菜・草花を栽培するのに適
する小形コンパクトな形態のものにして、上方開口有底
にして細長形状の樹脂製液体容器の栽培容器２の中空部
内が「透水性の培地層３」と「培地層３の下方の空気槽
４」と「空気層４の下方にして栽培容器２の底部の培液
層５」の３層構造に構成されている。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, a plant cultivation apparatus 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a cultivation apparatus 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, the cultivation apparatus 1 of this embodiment is of a small and compact form suitable for growing vegetables and flowers in a garden or a veranda of a general household, and cultivates an elongated resin liquid container having an upper opening and a bottom. The inside of the hollow part of the container 2 has a three-layer structure of “a permeable medium layer 3”, “an air tank 4 below the medium layer 3”, and “a culture medium layer 5 at the bottom of the cultivation container 2 below the air layer 4”. Is configured.
【００１２】詳しくは、培地層３はロックウール等を網
状トレイ１０に入れて層状に成し、その層状体の粒間・
空隙に培液が適度に溜ると共に、その保水量を超える水
液を自然重力によって下方の空気層４へ落下させる透水
性形態にして、植物が根を張って生育できる培地を構成
している。そして、培液層５には培地層３に植えた植物
の栽培に適する肥料成分を有する培液６が貯えられてい
る。なお、この実施例の培地層３の層厚さは概ね５０
粍、空気層４・培液層５の層厚さは概ね３０〜５０粍で
ある。More specifically, the medium layer 3 is formed into a layer by placing rock wool or the like in a mesh tray 10 and forming a layer between the grains.
A medium is formed in a water-permeable form in which the culture medium appropriately accumulates in the voids and the amount of water that exceeds the water retention capacity is dropped into the lower air layer 4 by natural gravity, so that the plant can grow with roots. The culture medium layer 5 stores a culture medium 6 having a fertilizer component suitable for cultivation of the plant planted in the culture medium layer 3. The thickness of the culture medium layer 3 in this example was approximately 50
The layer thickness of the air layer 4 and the culture medium layer 5 is approximately 30 to 50 mm.
【００１３】一方、栽培容器２の上縁近傍の内側には散
水孔を培地層３に臨ませる左右一対の潅水ポンプ７が設
定されると共に、この潅水パイプ７は培液層５内に設定
した潅水ポンプ８（通常の水中ポンプ）と連結されてお
り、潅水ポンプ８によって培液層５内の倍液６を汲み上
げて潅水パイプ７から放散して、培地層３に一様な培液
潅水をするように成っている。そして、この潅水ポンプ
８には公知のタイマー１１が設定されており、予め設定
したタイマーセットによって潅水ポンプ８が所定のイン
ターバルで間欠作動する間欠作動手段が設けられてい
る。なお、図中の１３は培液層５の液面調整ボトル・１
４はドレーンバルブである。そして、屋外用の場合は、
雨水が培液層５に入って液面が上がるので、液面を一定
に保持するためのオーバーフロー孔を栽培容器２の側壁
に設ける。On the other hand, a pair of left and right irrigation pumps 7 are provided inside the cultivation container 2 near the upper edge so that the watering holes face the culture medium layer 3, and the irrigation pipe 7 is set in the culture medium layer 5. It is connected to an irrigation pump 8 (ordinary submersible pump). The irrigation pump 8 pumps up the doubled solution 6 in the culture medium layer 5 and disperses it from the irrigation pipe 7, so that the culture medium layer 3 is uniformly irrigated. It is made to do. The irrigation pump 8 is provided with a well-known timer 11, and is provided with an intermittent operation means for intermittently operating the irrigation pump 8 at predetermined intervals according to a preset timer set. In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a liquid level adjusting bottle 1 of the culture medium layer 5.
4 is a drain valve. And for outdoor use,
Since rainwater enters the culture medium layer 5 and the liquid level rises, an overflow hole for keeping the liquid level constant is provided on the side wall of the cultivation container 2.
【００１４】続いて、以上の図１実施例の栽培装置１を
用いた本発明一実施形態の植物栽培方法を説明する。即
ち、まず培地層３で栽培する野菜・草花を別の苗床で播
種成育し、その苗を培地層３に植え付ける。そして、そ
の植物苗に適する肥料成分を有する培液６を培液層５に
入れて潅水ポンプ８を作動させて培地層３に培液６を再
循環潅水すると共に、その潅水ポンプ８をタイマー１１
によって間欠作動させたり送出量を調整して、培地層３
の湿度・乾度を栽培植物１２の成育状態・自然の天候気
温状況・植物特性に合せて適宜調整設定して生育栽培す
る。Next, a plant cultivation method according to an embodiment of the present invention using the cultivation apparatus 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described. That is, first, vegetables and flowers cultivated in the medium layer 3 are sown and grown in another nursery, and the seedlings are planted in the medium layer 3. Then, the culture solution 6 having a fertilizer component suitable for the plant seedling is put into the culture solution layer 5 and the watering pump 8 is operated to recirculate and water the culture solution 6 to the medium layer 3.
The intermittent operation or the delivery amount is adjusted by the
The growth and cultivation are performed by appropriately adjusting and setting the humidity and dryness of the cultivated plant 12 in accordance with the growing condition of the cultivated plant 12, natural weather temperature conditions and plant characteristics.
【００１５】以上の実施例の栽培装置1と栽培方法は、
培液６の任意インターバルによる再循環潅水によって培
地層３が栽培植物１２に適する湿度・乾度に調整設定可
能になると共に、その再循環培液６の酸素濃度の維持確
保と培地層３における植物根への酸素供給が活発に行え
るので、栽培植物１２の成長が極めて良く、栽培装置１
による「野菜かぶら」の実験例では同時に苗植えして同
一の自然天候にさらして対比した畑作のものより約２〜
３倍の特段の急速成長の事実が確認された。そして、前
記実施例の栽培装置１は小形コンパクト構造であること
から、土壌不要の栽培装置として一般家庭の庭先・室内
・ベランダ等において極めて便利に植物栽培ができる。The cultivation apparatus 1 and the cultivation method of the above embodiment are as follows.
The medium layer 3 can be adjusted and set to a humidity and a dryness suitable for the cultivated plant 12 by recirculation and irrigation at an arbitrary interval of the culture medium 6, and the maintenance and securing of the oxygen concentration of the recirculation medium 6 and the plant in the medium layer 3 Since oxygen can be actively supplied to the roots, the growth of the cultivated plant 12 is extremely good, and the cultivation apparatus 1
In the experimental example of "vegetable kabura", the seedlings were planted at the same time and exposed to the same natural weather,
The fact that the rapid growth was three times higher was confirmed. Since the cultivation apparatus 1 of the embodiment has a small and compact structure, it can be used as a cultivation apparatus that does not require soil and can be used for plant cultivation extremely conveniently in gardens, indoors, verandas and the like of ordinary households.
【００１６】なお、本発明の栽培装置は、前記の実施例
に限定されず大型構造にして大規模量産栽培したり、培
液層６にヒーターを入して培液６を温めて植物１２のさ
らなる育成促進を図ることがある。そして、潅水パイプ
７を１本にしたり、網状バスケット１０は、植物１２の
根が大きくなったとき網目が大に変形できる網目サイズ
自在形態にすることがある。The cultivation apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be used for large-scale mass production cultivation in a large-sized structure. In some cases, further training is promoted. Then, the irrigation pipe 7 may be reduced to one, or the mesh basket 10 may be formed in a mesh size free form in which the mesh can be greatly deformed when the roots of the plant 12 become large.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】以上の説明のとおり、本発明の植物栽培
方法と植物栽培装置は、土壌を全く使用しない培液の人
工的リサイクル循環によって湿地性植物・乾地性植物の
いずれでも高効率・短期間に生育栽培することが可能に
して、野菜・草花の大規模量産や一般家庭の園芸・野菜
づくりの特段の便宜向上を図る実用的効果がある。As described above, the plant cultivation method and the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention provide high efficiency and high efficiency for both wetland and dryland plants by artificially circulating a culture solution without using any soil. There is a practical effect that it is possible to grow and cultivate in a short period of time, and to improve the special convenience of large-scale mass production of vegetables and flowers and horticulture and vegetable production of ordinary households.
【図１】本発明一実施例の植物栽培装置の正面図FIG. 1 is a front view of a plant cultivation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１実施例の植物栽培装置の中央断面側面図FIG. 2 is a central sectional side view of the plant cultivation apparatus of FIG.
１ 植物栽培装置 ２ 栽培容器 ３ 培地層 ４ 空気層 ５ 培液層 ６ 培液 ７ 潅水パイプ ８ 潅水ポンプ １０ 網状バスケット １１ タイマー １２ 植物 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant cultivation apparatus 2 Cultivation container 3 Medium layer 4 Air layer 5 Medium layer 6 Medium 7 Irrigation pipe 8 Irrigation pump 10 Mesh basket 11 Timer 12 Plant
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ａ０１Ｇ 27/02 Ａ０１Ｇ 27/00 ５０２Ｌ ５０５Ｂ ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A01G 27/02 A01G 27/00 502L 505B
Claims (2)
培地形態に成し、しかるのち、培液を該培地層に再循環
潅水し、続いて、該再循環潅水を間欠することによって
該培地層の湿度・乾度を調整すると共に、前記培地層か
ら重力落下して前記空気層を通過する前記培液に空中酸
素を付与して、前記培地層に植えた植物を栽培すること
を特徴とする植物栽培方法。1. A medium form in which an air layer is provided below a permeable medium layer, followed by recirculating and irrigating a culture into the medium layer, and then intermittently performing the recirculating watering. Adjusting the humidity and dryness of the culture medium layer by gravity, applying aerial oxygen to the culture medium that drops by gravity from the culture medium layer and passes through the air layer, and cultivates the plants planted in the culture medium layer. The plant cultivation method characterized by the above-mentioned.
器内を、透水性の培地層と該培地層の下方の空気層と該
空気層下方の培液層の３層構造に構成すると共に、該培
液層の培液を前記培地層に再循環潅水する潅水パイプと
培液ポンプからなる潅水手段と、該培液ポンプの作動を
設定インターバルで間欠作動制御するポンプタイマーを
備えた構造を特徴とする植物栽培装置。2. A cultivation container comprising a liquid container having an upper opening and a bottom, has a three-layer structure of a permeable medium layer, an air layer below the medium layer, and a medium layer below the air layer. A watering means comprising a watering pipe and a medium pump for recirculating and watering the medium in the medium layer to the medium layer, and a pump timer for intermittently controlling the operation of the medium pump at set intervals. Characteristic plant cultivation equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000170164A JP2001346459A (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Method for cultivating plant and device for cultivating plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000170164A JP2001346459A (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Method for cultivating plant and device for cultivating plant |
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| JP2001346459A true JP2001346459A (en) | 2001-12-18 |
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| JP2000170164A Pending JP2001346459A (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Method for cultivating plant and device for cultivating plant |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008048676A (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-06 | Sanou:Kk | Roof greening system |
| JP2009261274A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-11-12 | Shiga Pref Gov | Cultivation device, and plant cultivation method using the same |
| US20150000193A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-01-01 | Christopher R. Cantolino | Planter for hybrid container-gardening system |
| US20150082697A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-03-26 | Christopher R. Cantolino | Planter or gardening container |
| JP2015223177A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-14 | 芳清 牧 | Water-retaining planter |
| JP2016096754A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-30 | 株式会社岩や | Wall surface greening panel and wall surface greening facility |
| JP6206617B1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-10-04 | 中国電力株式会社 | Cultivation device, wall greening system and nutrient solution circulation method |
| FR3091142A1 (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2020-07-03 | Oricine | DEVICE FOR WATERING A PLANT BY POND AND WATER RESERVOIR POT INCLUDING SUCH A DEVICE |
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 JP JP2000170164A patent/JP2001346459A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008048676A (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-06 | Sanou:Kk | Roof greening system |
| JP2009261274A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-11-12 | Shiga Pref Gov | Cultivation device, and plant cultivation method using the same |
| US20150000193A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-01-01 | Christopher R. Cantolino | Planter for hybrid container-gardening system |
| US20150082697A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2015-03-26 | Christopher R. Cantolino | Planter or gardening container |
| JP2015223177A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-14 | 芳清 牧 | Water-retaining planter |
| JP2016096754A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-05-30 | 株式会社岩や | Wall surface greening panel and wall surface greening facility |
| JP6206617B1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-10-04 | 中国電力株式会社 | Cultivation device, wall greening system and nutrient solution circulation method |
| WO2018042570A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-08 | 中国電力株式会社 | Cultivation device, wall surface greening system and method for circulating nutrient solution |
| FR3091142A1 (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2020-07-03 | Oricine | DEVICE FOR WATERING A PLANT BY POND AND WATER RESERVOIR POT INCLUDING SUCH A DEVICE |
| WO2020141146A1 (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2020-07-09 | Oricine | Device for watering a plant by soaking and pot having a water reservoir comprising such a device |
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