JP2001338615A - Discharge lamp - Google Patents
Discharge lampInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001338615A JP2001338615A JP2000157416A JP2000157416A JP2001338615A JP 2001338615 A JP2001338615 A JP 2001338615A JP 2000157416 A JP2000157416 A JP 2000157416A JP 2000157416 A JP2000157416 A JP 2000157416A JP 2001338615 A JP2001338615 A JP 2001338615A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- arc tube
- discharge lamp
- sealing portion
- lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、セラミック管を用
いた放電灯に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a discharge lamp using a ceramic tube.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、セラミック管の一つである透光性
アルミナ管を金属ハロゲン化物が封入された発光管とし
て使用したメタルハライドランプが、使用電力１５０Ｗ
以下のもので商品化されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a metal halide lamp using a translucent alumina tube, which is one of ceramic tubes, as an arc tube in which a metal halide is sealed has been used.
It is commercialized with the following.
【０００３】メタルハライドランプの発光管にアルミナ
管を使用する利点は、従来メタルハライドランプで一般
に使われていた石英ガラス管に比べ、封入物である金属
ハロゲン化物に対して科学的、熱的に安定であるため
に、封入物と石英ガラスとの化学反応によって生じてい
たようなランプ寿命の低下を抑制でき、寿命特性の向上
が期待できることであり、また、石英ガラスより使用限
界温度が高いという特徴を生かしたランプの高効率化設
計の実現や、石英ガラス製発光管では反応性が大きいた
めに事実上封入できなかったアルカリ金属の封入が可能
となるということである。[0003] The advantage of using an alumina tube as the arc tube of a metal halide lamp is that it is scientifically and thermally stable with respect to a metal halide as an enclosure, as compared with a quartz glass tube generally used in a conventional metal halide lamp. Because of this, it is possible to suppress a decrease in lamp life, which has been caused by a chemical reaction between the enclosure and quartz glass, and to expect an improvement in life characteristics. This means that it is possible to design a lamp with high efficiency and to use an arc tube made of quartz glass, which has a high reactivity and can be filled with an alkali metal, which could not be filled practically.
【０００４】発光管にセラミック管を用いる場合、その
封止は、図４に示されるような、電極芯４に接続され、
モリブデン線３、ニオブ線１が溶接等で接続されてなる
エンドディスクを電気導入体として、これをガラスフリ
ット２によって発光管５に封止・固定した構造や、図５
に示されるような、電極芯４に導電性サ−メットエンド
ディスク６を接続したものを電気導入体として用いた構
造を採用することで行われている。なお、ここで用いら
れるガラスフリットとしては、例えば、アルミナ、酸化
ケイ素、酸化ディスプロシウムを主成分にしたものや、
アルミナ、酸化カルシウムを主成分にしたものが使われ
ている。When a ceramic tube is used as an arc tube, its sealing is connected to an electrode core 4 as shown in FIG.
A structure in which an end disk in which the molybdenum wire 3 and the niobium wire 1 are connected by welding or the like is used as an electric introducing body, and this is sealed and fixed to an arc tube 5 by a glass frit 2, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the structure using an electrode core 4 connected to a conductive cermet end disk 6 as an electric conductor is employed. In addition, as the glass frit used here, for example, those containing alumina, silicon oxide, dysprosium oxide as a main component,
A material containing alumina and calcium oxide as main components is used.
【０００５】このようなメタルハライドランプは、図６
に示されるような、発光管８両端の電気導入体にニッケ
ルなどの材質からなる線材１０や板材７が接続され、こ
れが外球枠１３などに接続されて発光管８が外球９内に
固定された構造を有している。[0005] Such a metal halide lamp is shown in FIG.
The wires 10 and the plate 7 made of a material such as nickel are connected to the electric guides at both ends of the arc tube 8 as shown in FIG. 1, and these are connected to the outer ball frame 13 and the like, and the arc tube 8 is fixed in the outer ball 9. It has the structure which was done.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のような従来の構
造のままで１５０Ｗより大きな中・高ワットのランプを
作製すると、１５０Ｗ以下の低ワットランプでは生じな
かった、発光管封止部でのクラックの発生やランプ特性
の劣化といったような問題が生じることがわかった。こ
れは、低ワットランプと比較してランプ点灯中の発熱量
が多いために封止部温度が高くなることが原因と考えら
れ、これによって封止部で熱応力によりクラックが発生
したり、ガラスフリットが封入物と化学反応を起こし、
ランプ特性の劣化を招いたりするものと考えられる。When a medium-to-high wattage lamp larger than 150 W is manufactured with the above-mentioned conventional structure, a low-wattage lamp of 150 W or less does not produce a lamp at the arc tube sealing portion. It was found that problems such as generation of cracks and deterioration of lamp characteristics occurred. This is considered to be due to the fact that the heat generated during the operation of the lamp is larger than that of the low wattage lamp, so that the temperature of the sealing portion becomes higher. The frit reacts chemically with the enclosure,
It is considered that this causes deterioration of lamp characteristics.
【０００７】そこで、このような不具合が起こらないよ
うに封止部温度を下げる手段として、封止部をア−ク放
電領域から遠ざける方法、発光管の肉厚を厚くして熱容
量を増加させる方法などが考えられる。Therefore, as means for lowering the temperature of the sealing portion so as not to cause such a problem, a method of moving the sealing portion away from the arc discharge region and a method of increasing the heat capacity by increasing the thickness of the arc tube. And so on.
【０００８】しかしながら、このような方法を用いた場
合には、発光管寸法が大きくなったり、発光管の材料コ
ストが上がるといったような新たな問題が生じてしま
う。However, when such a method is used, new problems such as an increase in the size of the arc tube and an increase in the material cost of the arc tube occur.
【０００９】以上に鑑み、本願発明は、セラミック管を
発光管として用いた放電灯において、放電灯の出力を大
きくした場合にも、発光管寸法の増大や発光管材料コス
トの増大を招くことなく、上記のような封止部でのクラ
ックの発生やランプ特性の劣化を生じることのない放電
灯構造を提供することを目的とする。In view of the above, the present invention provides a discharge lamp using a ceramic tube as an arc tube, without increasing the size of the arc tube and the cost of the arc tube material even when the output of the discharge lamp is increased. It is another object of the present invention to provide a discharge lamp structure that does not cause cracks in the sealing portion and deterioration of lamp characteristics as described above.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本願発明の放電灯は、セ
ラミック管の内部に少なくともハロゲン化金属、水銀及
び不活性ガスが封入され、セラミック管両端部にセラミ
ック管と導通線との隙間に封口材が充填された封止部を
有する発光管が支持枠によって外球内に組み込まれてな
る放電灯であって、発光管両端部に放熱部材が設けられ
ていることを特徴とするものである。In the discharge lamp of the present invention, at least a metal halide, mercury and an inert gas are sealed in a ceramic tube, and both ends of the ceramic tube are sealed in a gap between the ceramic tube and a conductive wire. A discharge lamp in which an arc tube having a sealing portion filled with a material is incorporated in an outer sphere by a support frame, wherein heat radiation members are provided at both ends of the arc tube. .
【００１１】放熱部材を発光管両端部に設けることによ
り、発光管両端の熱が放熱部材を介して放熱されて封止
部の温度上昇が抑制される。放熱部材からの放熱は熱伝
導によっても良いし熱輻射によっても良く、放熱部材の
材料は放熱方法に応じて適宜選択する。By providing the heat radiating members at both ends of the arc tube, the heat at both ends of the arc tube is radiated through the heat radiating members, and the temperature rise of the sealing portion is suppressed. The heat radiation from the heat radiation member may be conducted by heat conduction or heat radiation, and the material of the heat radiation member is appropriately selected according to the heat radiation method.
【００１２】特に、発光管両端部からの熱を熱伝導によ
り放熱部材に伝え、これを放熱部材から放熱するように
する場合には、金属板または金属線からなる放熱部材を
発光管端部に密着させて巻き付ける等の方法によりでき
るだけ密着させるのが良く、この際、その材質はできる
だけセラミック管の熱膨張率に近い熱膨張率を有する材
質を用いるのが良い。In particular, when heat from both ends of the arc tube is transmitted to the heat radiating member by heat conduction and the heat is radiated from the heat radiating member, a heat radiating member made of a metal plate or a metal wire is attached to the end of the arc tube. It is preferable that the ceramic tube be brought into close contact by a method such as tight contact and winding. In this case, it is preferable to use a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion as close as possible to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic tube.
【００１３】放熱部材を取り付ける場合には、封止部の
温度上昇を抑制するという目的から、その取付位置は、
発光管端部の封止部かこれに近い位置が良く、特に封止
部に取り付けるようにするのがよい。このように、封止
部の熱を効果的に放熱させるために、放熱部材は封口材
が充填された封止部に設けるのが好ましい。When the heat radiating member is mounted, the mounting position is set at the position for suppressing the temperature rise of the sealing portion.
It is preferable that the end of the arc tube is located at or near the sealing portion, and it is particularly preferable that the end portion be attached to the sealing portion. Thus, in order to effectively radiate the heat of the sealing portion, it is preferable that the heat radiating member is provided on the sealing portion filled with the sealing material.
【００１４】放熱部材からの放熱を熱伝導によって行う
場合には、放熱部材を発光管への電力供給の役割を兼ね
た発光管の支持枠に接続するのが良く、これにより、支
持枠を伝って放電灯外部へ熱が放散される。In the case where heat is radiated from the heat radiating member by heat conduction, it is preferable to connect the heat radiating member to a support frame of the light emitting tube which also serves to supply power to the light emitting tube. The heat is dissipated outside the discharge lamp.
【００１５】また、発光管端部に放熱部材を取り付け、
放熱部材を支持枠に接続することによって、放熱部材に
よって発光管を支持枠に固定するようにするのが好まし
く、このようにすることによって、発光管端部の対振強
度を高めることができる。特に、このような固定構造
は、発光管がその両端に細径部を有しており、細径部に
封止部が設けられている構造の発光管の固定構造として
適しており、放電灯の振動に対して、細径部、特に、細
径部の根本での破損が抑制される。なお、この場合に
は、放熱部材は発光管の端部となる細径部に取り付けら
れることになり、また、固定する必要があるため、放電
部材の接続は放熱のみを行う場合よりも固定強度を大き
くする。Further, a heat radiation member is attached to the end of the arc tube,
It is preferable to connect the heat radiating member to the support frame so that the arc tube is fixed to the support frame by the heat radiating member. By doing so, it is possible to increase the vibration resistance of the arc tube end. In particular, such a fixing structure is suitable as a fixing structure for an arc tube having a structure in which the arc tube has a small diameter portion at both ends and a sealing portion is provided in the small diameter portion. With respect to the vibration, the damage at the small diameter portion, particularly at the root of the small diameter portion is suppressed. In this case, the heat dissipating member is attached to the small-diameter portion which is the end of the arc tube, and it is necessary to fix the heat dissipating member. To increase.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を実施形態に基づき
説明する。本発明の第一の実施形態にかかる放電灯概略
図を図１に示す。発光管８本体は透光性アルミナ管から
成り、中央部の最大外径は１８ｍｍで両端の細管部外径
は４ｍｍである。中央部長は３０ｍｍで細管部長は共に
１５ｍｍである。発光管８内には封入物として、沃化ジ
スプロシウム、沃化ホルミウム、沃化ツリウムが合計１
２ｍｇと沃化タリウム２ｍｇ、沃化ナトリウム２ｍｇ、
水銀１４ｍｇ及びアルゴンガスが１３．３ｋＰａ封入さ
れている。発光管８の両端部には２つの電極に給電する
線径０．７５ｍｍのニオブ線が接続されている。アルミ
ナ管の細径部とニオブ線との隙間にはアルミナ、酸化ケ
イ素、酸化ディスプロシウムを主成分とするガラスフリ
ットからなる封口材が溶融充填されている。発光管８両
端の封止部には、幅２ｍｍ、厚み０．２ｍｍのニオブ板
１１が密着して巻かれ、このニオブ板１１は外球の支持
枠１３に固定されている。外球９内雰囲気は、窒素等の
希ガスで置換することもできるが、本実施形態では真空
に引かれている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on embodiments. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a discharge lamp according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The main body of the arc tube 8 is made of a translucent alumina tube, the maximum outer diameter of the central portion is 18 mm, and the outer diameter of the narrow tube portion at both ends is 4 mm. The length of the central portion is 30 mm and the length of the thin tube is 15 mm. In the arc tube 8, dysprosium iodide, holmium iodide, and thulium iodide are contained in a total of 1 as an enclosure.
2 mg, thallium iodide 2 mg, sodium iodide 2 mg,
14 mg of mercury and 13.3 kPa of argon gas are sealed. A niobium wire having a wire diameter of 0.75 mm for supplying power to two electrodes is connected to both ends of the arc tube 8. A gap between the small diameter portion of the alumina tube and the niobium wire is melt-filled with a sealing material made of a glass frit containing alumina, silicon oxide, and dysprosium oxide as main components. A niobium plate 11 having a width of 2 mm and a thickness of 0.2 mm is tightly wound around the sealing portions at both ends of the arc tube 8, and the niobium plate 11 is fixed to a support frame 13 of an outer sphere. The atmosphere in the outer sphere 9 can be replaced with a rare gas such as nitrogen, but in this embodiment, the atmosphere is evacuated.
【００１７】ランプ点灯中ア−ク放電により発生した熱
は電極芯から伝導されるのと同時に、発光管の管壁から
伝導され封止部の温度を上昇させる。本発明による組立
方法の場合、封止部に伝導された熱は封止部に巻かれた
金属板を通じて外球枠に伝導される。したがって、封止
部温度の上昇は抑制され、熱応力による封止部クラック
を防止できる。尚、封止部温度は金属板の材質或いは
幅、厚み寸法によりコントロ−ルすることができるの
で、ランプの電力により金属板を任意に調整することに
より、最適な封止部温度が得られる。本発明の第二の実
施形態にかかる放電灯概略図を図２に示す。本実施例で
は発光管８の細管部長がそれぞれ異なり、一方が１０ｍ
ｍでもう一方が１５ｍｍである。細管部長が１０ｍｍの
封止部には幅３ｍｍ、厚み０．２ｍｍのニオブ板１１'
が、細管部長１５ｍｍの封止部には幅２ｍｍ、厚み０．
２ｍｍのニオブ板１１がそれぞれ密着して巻かれ外球枠
１３に固定されている。それ以外は第一の実施例と同一
である。このように細管部長が左右で異なる場合には、
封止部に巻く金属板の寸法を変えることで左右の封止部
温度をほぼ等しくすることができる。この方法はランプ
の寸法を小さくする場合に有効である。During the operation of the lamp, the heat generated by the arc discharge is conducted from the electrode core and at the same time, is conducted from the tube wall of the arc tube to increase the temperature of the sealing portion. In the case of the assembling method according to the present invention, the heat conducted to the sealing portion is conducted to the outer bulb frame through the metal plate wound around the sealing portion. Therefore, an increase in the temperature of the sealing portion is suppressed, and cracks in the sealing portion due to thermal stress can be prevented. The temperature of the sealing portion can be controlled by the material, width, and thickness of the metal plate, so that the optimum temperature of the sealing portion can be obtained by arbitrarily adjusting the metal plate by the power of the lamp. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a discharge lamp according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the length of the thin tube portion of the arc tube 8 is different, and one of them is 10 m.
m and the other is 15 mm. A niobium plate 11 'having a width of 3 mm and a thickness of 0.2 mm is provided on a sealing portion having a thin tube portion length of 10 mm.
However, the sealing portion having a capillary portion length of 15 mm has a width of 2 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm.
The 2 mm niobium plates 11 are wound closely together and fixed to the outer spherical frame 13. The rest is the same as the first embodiment. In this way, when the capillary section length is different on the left and right,
By changing the size of the metal plate wound around the sealing portion, the left and right sealing portion temperatures can be made substantially equal. This method is effective for reducing the size of the lamp.
【００１８】このようにして試作したランプを定格電力
４００Ｗで点灯試験を行った。その結果、６０００時間
経過後も安定に点灯でき、封止部にクラックなどの異常
は見られなかった。またランプ光束は初期の８０％以上
であり、このことから封入物とロウ材の化学反応は起こ
っていないと判断できた。A lighting test was performed on the lamp thus manufactured at a rated power of 400 W. As a result, it was possible to stably light even after 6000 hours had elapsed, and no abnormality such as crack was observed in the sealing portion. Further, the lamp luminous flux was 80% or more of the initial value, and it was determined from this that no chemical reaction between the filler and the brazing material had occurred.
【００１９】なお、上記第1および第2の実施形態では、
放熱部材を支持枠に接続することによって、放熱部材に
よって発光管を支持枠に固定するようにしているため、
発光管端部の対振強度が高められ、放電灯の振動に対し
て、細径部の根本での破損が従来のものに比べ少なかっ
た。In the first and second embodiments,
By connecting the heat radiating member to the support frame, the luminous tube is fixed to the support frame by the heat radiating member,
The vibration intensity at the end of the arc tube was increased, and the damage at the root of the small-diameter portion was smaller than that of the conventional one due to the vibration of the discharge lamp.
【００２０】本発明の第3の実施形態に係る放電灯概略
図を図３に示す。本実施例のランプは、放熱部材である
ニオブ板１２が支持枠に固定されていない点が第1の実
施例のランプと異なる。本実施例の場合、ニオブ板１２
からの熱の放散は主として輻射によって行われる。な
お、上記実施形態では発光管両端部に設ける放熱部材と
してニオブ板を用いたが、その材質としては、アルミナ
管等、セラミック発光管と熱膨張係数が近似したニオブ
またはタンタルが最も好ましいのであるが、これ以外の
材質を用いることもでき、例えば、その他の材質として
はニッケル、モリブデン、タングステン、ステンレスが
適している。また、その形状や形態も種々の形状、形態
を用いることができる。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a discharge lamp according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The lamp of the present embodiment differs from the lamp of the first embodiment in that the niobium plate 12, which is a heat radiation member, is not fixed to the support frame. In the case of this embodiment, the niobium plate 12
Dissipation of heat from is mainly done by radiation. In the above embodiment, a niobium plate is used as a heat radiating member provided at both ends of the arc tube, but as a material thereof, niobium or tantalum having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of a ceramic arc tube such as an alumina tube is most preferable. However, other materials can be used. For example, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, and stainless steel are suitable as other materials. In addition, various shapes and forms can be used for the shape and form.
【００２１】また、上記実施形態ではセラミック管材と
して、アルミナを使用したものを示したが、これ以外に
も窒化アルミニウム、イットリウム酸化物等種々のもの
を用いることができる。また、封口材についても、ガラ
スフリット以外にもセラミックフリット等種々のものを
用いることができる。In the above-described embodiment, the ceramic tube is made of alumina. However, other materials such as aluminum nitride and yttrium oxide can be used. Also, as the sealing material, various materials such as ceramic frit can be used in addition to the glass frit.
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】本願発明によれば、放熱部材を設けるこ
とにより、封止部温度を下げることができ、封止部クラ
ックの発生と、封入物とガラスフリットとの化学反応が
抑制される。そして、これにより、ランプ特性の劣化を
生じることがなくなり、放電灯の出力を大きくして中・
高ワット放電灯とした場合にも、発光管寸法の増大や発
光管材料コストの増大を招くことがなく、低コストでの
放電灯の製造が可能になる。According to the present invention, the provision of the heat radiating member can lower the temperature of the sealing portion, thereby suppressing the occurrence of cracks in the sealing portion and the chemical reaction between the filling and the glass frit. As a result, deterioration of the lamp characteristics does not occur, and the output of the discharge lamp is increased to increase the output power.
Even in the case of a high wattage discharge lamp, it is possible to manufacture the discharge lamp at low cost without increasing the size of the arc tube or the cost of the arc tube material.
【図１】第1の実施形態の放電灯概略図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a discharge lamp according to a first embodiment.
【図２】第２の実施形態の放電灯概略図。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a discharge lamp according to a second embodiment.
【図３】第３の実施形態の放電灯概略図。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a discharge lamp according to a third embodiment.
【図４】発光管の封止構造を示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a sealing structure of an arc tube.
【図５】発光管の封止構造を示す図。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a sealing structure of an arc tube.
【図６】従来の放電灯概略図。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a conventional discharge lamp.
１ ニオブ線 ２ ガラスフリット ３ モリブデン線 ４ 電極芯 ５ 発光管 ６ サ−メットエンドディスク ８ 発光管 ９ 外球 １１、１１'、１２ ニオブ板 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 niobium wire 2 glass frit 3 molybdenum wire 4 electrode core 5 arc tube 6 cermet end disk 8 arc tube 9 outer sphere 11, 11 ', 12 niobium plate
Claims (3)
ン化金属、水銀及び不活性ガスが封入され、セラミック
管両端部にセラミック管と導通線との隙間に封口材が充
填された封止部を有する発光管が支持枠によって外球内
に組み込まれてなる放電灯であって、発光管両端部に放
熱部材が設けられていることを特徴とする放電灯。1. A light emitting device having at least a metal halide, mercury and an inert gas sealed inside a ceramic tube, and a sealing portion at both ends of the ceramic tube filled with a sealing material in a gap between the ceramic tube and a conductive line. What is claimed is: 1. A discharge lamp comprising a tube incorporated in an outer sphere by a support frame, wherein a discharge member is provided at both ends of the arc tube.
を特徴とする請求項１記載の放電灯。2. The discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the heat radiating member is provided in the sealing portion.
によって発光管が支持枠に固定されていることを特徴と
する請求項１または２記載の放電灯。3. The discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the heat radiation member is connected to the support frame, and the arc tube is fixed to the support frame by the heat radiation member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000157416A JP4879383B2 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Discharge lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000157416A JP4879383B2 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Discharge lamp |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010152648A Division JP2010251334A (en) | 2010-07-05 | 2010-07-05 | Discharge lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001338615A true JP2001338615A (en) | 2001-12-07 |
| JP4879383B2 JP4879383B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
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ID=18662051
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000157416A Expired - Fee Related JP4879383B2 (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Discharge lamp |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009081126A (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-04-16 | Osram Sylvania Inc | Hid lamp with thermal control part for frit seal |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010251334A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-11-04 | Gs Yuasa Corp | Discharge lamp |
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| JP2009081126A (en) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-04-16 | Osram Sylvania Inc | Hid lamp with thermal control part for frit seal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4879383B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
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