JP2001309563A - Building power supply system and battery device - Google Patents
Building power supply system and battery deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001309563A JP2001309563A JP2000068829A JP2000068829A JP2001309563A JP 2001309563 A JP2001309563 A JP 2001309563A JP 2000068829 A JP2000068829 A JP 2000068829A JP 2000068829 A JP2000068829 A JP 2000068829A JP 2001309563 A JP2001309563 A JP 2001309563A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- power
- batteries
- charging
- building
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、建物用電力供給シ
ステム及びそれに好適に用いられる電池装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply system for buildings and a battery device suitably used for the system.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、充電と放電を行う複数の二次電池
を備えてなる組電池としては、特開平１０−３０２８４
６号公報に開示されているものがある。この組電池で
は、電池に充電を行う場合及び電池から放電する場合に
電池を直列接続に切り換え、充電を行わない場合及び放
電しない場合に電池を並列に接続して電池間の容量のば
らつきを減少させる。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an assembled battery including a plurality of secondary batteries for charging and discharging is disclosed in JP-A-10-30284.
No. 6 discloses this. In this assembled battery, the battery is switched to the serial connection when charging and discharging from the battery, and the battery is connected in parallel when not charging and when not discharging to reduce the variation in capacity between batteries. Let it.
【０００３】また、この組電池では、充電中に電池単位
などで電池電圧をセンサーにより監視し、電池電圧が一
定の範囲を超えると電池を並列に接続して電池間のばら
つきを無くして再度直列に接続し直して充電を再開す
る。Further, in this battery pack, the battery voltage is monitored by a sensor or the like during charging by a battery unit, and when the battery voltage exceeds a certain range, the batteries are connected in parallel to eliminate variations among the batteries and re-connected in series. Reconnect to and restart charging.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記構
成の組電池においては、真っ先に満充電となった電池の
電圧を検知して過充電とならないように充電を制御する
が、すべての電池を直列で接続した状態で充電を行うの
で、電池間の容量差の影響が全電池に及んでしまう。However, in the assembled battery having the above structure, charging is controlled so as not to be overcharged by detecting the voltage of the first fully charged battery, but all batteries are connected in series. Since the battery is charged in the state where the battery is connected, the effect of the capacity difference between the batteries affects all the batteries.
【０００５】特に、建物用の電力供給装置では、建物内
の電気機器を作動させる電力を供給する必要があるため
に大きい電力が必要となる。この場合、電池群の電圧を
低くすると大電流が必要となり電線径が非常に太くな
る。そこで、電圧を高くして電流値を下げて電線径を細
くする必要がある。このため、結果的に電池の直列数が
多くなり、電池間の容量差の影響が大きくなる。[0005] In particular, in a power supply device for a building, a large amount of power is required because it is necessary to supply power for operating electric equipment in the building. In this case, when the voltage of the battery group is reduced, a large current is required and the wire diameter becomes extremely large. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the voltage and decrease the current value to reduce the wire diameter. For this reason, as a result, the number of series connected batteries increases, and the influence of the capacity difference between the batteries increases.
【０００６】また、上記組電池では、電池電圧が一定範
囲を超えたときに電池を並列に接続し、再度直列に接続
し直すが、このような制御を行うと、経年変化などで電
池容量差が増大した場合には並列接続の頻度が増加す
る。その結果、充電時間が長くなるなどの悪影響が出
る。また、直列接続のまま充電しながら電池電圧を監視
する場合、監視するセンサーとして耐電圧が高いものが
必要となり実用的でない。In the above battery pack, when the battery voltage exceeds a certain range, the batteries are connected in parallel and then connected in series again. However, if such control is performed, the battery capacity difference due to aging or the like will occur. Increases, the frequency of parallel connection increases. As a result, adverse effects such as a longer charging time are caused. Further, when monitoring the battery voltage while charging the battery while the battery is connected in series, a sensor having a high withstand voltage is required as a sensor to be monitored, which is not practical.
【０００７】さらに、組電池における電池の直列数が増
加すると、センサー類の耐電圧のみではなく、充電回路
を高電圧用に構成することになり、使用部品の耐圧を高
くする必要が発生する。通常、電子部品は、耐電圧を高
くすると、損失が増加すると共に、高価格になる傾向が
あるので、組電池において効率面、コスト面で不利にな
る。特に、充電電圧を適正に保つためのスイッチンク素
子は、耐電圧が高くなると、オン時の抵抗が増加するこ
とによる損失の増加を招き、スイッチング時間の増大に
よる過渡時の損失増加が顕著になる。Further, when the number of series batteries in the assembled battery increases, not only the withstand voltage of the sensors and the like but also the charging circuit must be configured for a high voltage, and it is necessary to increase the withstand voltage of the parts used. Normally, when the withstand voltage is increased, the electronic components tend to increase in loss and become expensive, so that the efficiency and cost of the assembled battery are disadvantageous. In particular, in a switching element for appropriately maintaining a charging voltage, as the withstand voltage increases, a loss increases due to an increase in on-state resistance, and a transitional loss increases due to an increase in switching time. .
【０００８】本発明の第１の課題は、上記問題点に鑑み
てなされたものであり、電池間の容量差の影響を受ける
ことなく、充電の際の電圧を下げることができる建物用
電力供給システム及びそれに用いる電池装置を提供する
ことにある。A first object of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems. It is to provide a system and a battery device used for the system.
【０００９】また、電子計算機装置等に電力供給する電
池に関して、特開平５−３００６７２号公報に記載の如
く、信頼性を高めるため、電池又は電池群毎に異常検出
回路を設け、異常発生時には異常電池を予備の電池に切
り換えるための回路を設けるものがある。この方式は切
換回路を異常電池と予備電池の切換のみに使用してお
り、通常の電池の故障率又は寿命から想定すると切換回
路の使用頻度は極端に少なく、この方式の適用はコスト
面からも高額なコンピュータシステム等に限定される可
能性が大きい。また、住宅用に電気料金の安い電力を蓄
電し、この電力を電気料金の高い時間帯に住宅内機器に
放電するシステムにおいても、安全性、信頼性確保の観
点から同様な切換機構を有することが望ましいが、住宅
用途では電池容量が非常に大きくなる（電池本数が増大
する）ことを考慮すると、各電池に異常専用の切換機構
を設けることは現実的でない。[0009] In addition, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-300672, an abnormality detection circuit is provided for each battery or group of batteries to increase the reliability of the battery for supplying power to the electronic computer device. In some cases, a circuit for switching a battery to a spare battery is provided. In this method, the switching circuit is used only for switching between an abnormal battery and a spare battery.The frequency of using the switching circuit is extremely low, assuming the failure rate or life of a normal battery. There is a great possibility of being limited to expensive computer systems and the like. In addition, systems that store low-priced electric power for home use and discharge this electric power to equipment in homes during periods of high electric charge should have a similar switching mechanism from the viewpoint of ensuring safety and reliability. However, considering that the battery capacity becomes extremely large (the number of batteries increases) in a residential application, it is not realistic to provide a switching mechanism dedicated to abnormality for each battery.
【００１０】本発明の第２の課題は、上記問題点に鑑み
てなされたものであり、充電中又は放電中に電気異常が
発生したときに、簡易な構成により、異常電池を切り離
しできる建物用電力供給システム及びそれに用いる電池
装置を提供することにある。A second object of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is intended for a building capable of separating an abnormal battery with a simple configuration when an electric abnormality occurs during charging or discharging. An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system and a battery device used therefor.
【００１１】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】請求項１に記載の本発明
は、複数の電池を接続して構成されており、電力を蓄積
すると共に、蓄積した電力を建物内の電気機器に放電す
る電池手段と、電力を蓄積する際に前記電池を並列に接
続し、前記蓄積した電力を建物内の電気機器に放電する
際に前記電池を直列に接続するように前記複数の電池の
接続を切り換える切換手段と、を具備するようにしたも
のである。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery comprising a plurality of batteries connected to each other for storing power and discharging the stored power to electric equipment in a building. Means for switching the connection of the plurality of batteries so as to connect the batteries in parallel when storing power and to connect the batteries in series when discharging the stored power to electrical equipment in a building. Means.
【００１２】ここで、請求項１に記載の本発明において
さらに、前記電池には、太陽光発電における余剰発電電
力が蓄積されるようにしても良い。Here, in the present invention as set forth in claim 1, the battery may store surplus generated power in solar power generation.
【００１３】また、請求項１に記載の本発明においてさ
らに、前記電池には、電気料金が割安である時間帯の電
力が既存の電力系統から取得されて蓄積されるようにし
ても良い。[0013] Further, in the present invention according to the first aspect, the battery may be configured such that electric power in a time zone where the electricity rate is cheap is acquired from an existing electric power system and stored.
【００１４】請求項２に記載の本発明は、請求項１に記
載の発明においてさらに、前記電池に電力を蓄積する際
の電圧を監視する電圧監視手段を具備するようにしたも
のである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, there is further provided a voltage monitoring means for monitoring a voltage when power is stored in the battery.
【００１５】請求項３に記載の本発明は、請求項１又は
２に記載の発明においてさらに、前記電池毎の異常を検
出する異常検出手段を設け、充電中又は放電中にある電
池の異常を検出したことを条件に、前記切換手段により
該異常電池を切り離すようにしたものである。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, an abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of each of the batteries is further provided to detect an abnormality of the battery during charging or discharging. On the condition that the abnormal battery is detected, the abnormal battery is separated by the switching means.
【００１６】請求項４に記載の本発明は、複数の電池を
複数接続して構成された電池手段と、前記電池手段に電
力を蓄積する際に前記電池を並列に接続し、前記蓄積し
た電力を放電する際に前記電池を直列に接続するように
前記複数の電池の接続を切り換える切換手段と、を具備
するようにしたものである。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery means comprising a plurality of batteries connected to each other, wherein the batteries are connected in parallel when storing power in the battery means, and Switching means for switching the connection of the plurality of batteries so as to connect the batteries in series when discharging the battery.
【００１７】請求項５に記載の本発明は、複数の電池を
複数接続して構成された電池手段と、前記電池毎の異常
を検出する異常検出手段と、前記電池手段に電力を蓄積
する際に前記電池を並列に接続し、前記蓄積した電力を
放電する際に前記電池を直列に接続するように前記複数
の電池の接続を切り換えると共に、充電中又は放電中に
前記異常検出手段が検出した異常電池を切り離す切換手
段と、を具備するようにしたものである。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery means comprising a plurality of batteries connected to each other, an abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of each of the batteries, and a method for storing power in the battery means. When the batteries are connected in parallel, the connection of the plurality of batteries is switched so as to connect the batteries in series when discharging the stored power, and the abnormality detection unit detects during charging or discharging. Switching means for disconnecting the abnormal battery.
【００１８】[0018]
【作用】請求項１、４の発明によれば下記の作用があ
る。 住宅用の電力貯蔵目的のための電池の充放電方法に関
して、単電池又は組電池を充電時に並列接続し、放電時
に直列接続することにより、充電時は充電電圧が過大に
ならず充電制御部の耐電圧を下げることによる損失の低
減及び部品の低価格化と電池間の容量の差が全電池に渡
るような広範囲に及ぶことを防止し、放電時は直列接続
により高電圧を供給することで放電電流を下げ配線太さ
の低減及び配線による電力損失の低減を図ることができ
る。According to the first and fourth aspects of the present invention, the following operations are provided. Regarding the method of charging and discharging batteries for residential power storage purposes, by connecting cells or batteries in parallel at the time of charging and connecting them in series at the time of discharging, the charging voltage does not become excessive during charging, and By reducing the loss by lowering the withstand voltage, reducing the cost of parts and preventing the difference in capacity between batteries from widening across all batteries, supplying a high voltage by series connection at the time of discharging Discharge current can be reduced, wiring thickness can be reduced, and power loss due to wiring can be reduced.
【００１９】請求項２の発明によれば下記の作用があ
る。 単電池又は組電池に、電力を蓄積する際の電圧を監視
する電圧監視手段を具備することにより、充電制御、放
電制御、及び異常電池の判定を行うことができる。According to the second aspect of the invention, the following effects are obtained. By providing a unit cell or a battery pack with a voltage monitoring means for monitoring the voltage when power is stored, it is possible to perform charge control, discharge control, and determination of an abnormal battery.
【００２０】請求項３、５の発明によれば下記の作用
がある。 充放電時に単電池又は組電池を直並列に切り換える機
構を流用し、電池異常発生時に切換機構の一部のみを作
動させることにより、異常電池をシステムから切り離す
ことができる。このため、電池異常が発生しても該異常
電池を切り離した状態で運転が継続可能となる。また、
異常電池を切り離すことが可能になるため、異常電池が
混在したまま使用することによる充放電効率の低下及び
異常電池の破裂、発火等の事故を防止して安全性を確保
することが可能となる。このとき、電池異常専用の切換
回路を設けることなく、充放電の直並列切換回路と兼用
することで価格上昇を抑えることが可能となる。According to the third and fifth aspects of the present invention, the following effects are obtained. By utilizing a mechanism for switching between single cells or assembled batteries in series / parallel at the time of charging and discharging, and operating only a part of the switching mechanism when a battery abnormality occurs, the abnormal battery can be disconnected from the system. Therefore, even if a battery abnormality occurs, the operation can be continued with the abnormal battery disconnected. Also,
Since the abnormal battery can be separated, it is possible to secure the safety by preventing the deterioration of the charge / discharge efficiency and the accident such as the explosion or firing of the abnormal battery when the abnormal battery is used while being mixed. . At this time, it is possible to suppress an increase in price by also using a series / parallel switching circuit for charging and discharging without providing a switching circuit dedicated to battery abnormality.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、添付図面を参照しながら本
発明の好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００２２】（第１実施の形態）本実施の形態では、太
陽光発電において、余剰発電電力を組電池に充電し、夜
間などの太陽光発電ができないときに、充電により蓄積
した電力を建物内の電気機器に放電する場合について説
明する。(First Embodiment) In this embodiment, in solar power generation, surplus generated power is charged into a battery pack, and when solar power generation is not possible at night or the like, the power accumulated by charging is stored in a building. The following describes a case where the electric device is discharged.
【００２３】図１は、本発明の第１実施の形態に係る建
物用電力供給システムの概略構成を示すブロック図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a building power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【００２４】図１に示す建物用電力供給システムにおい
て、太陽電池１１は、太陽光発電を行う。組電池群１３
は、複数の二次電池を含む組電池（又は複数の単電池）
を複数接続してなる構成を有し、太陽光発電の余剰発電
電力を充電により蓄積すると共に、太陽光発電ができな
いときに、蓄積した電力を放電する。In the building power supply system shown in FIG. 1, the solar cell 11 generates solar power. Battery group 13
Is an assembled battery including a plurality of secondary batteries (or a plurality of cells)
Are connected, and the surplus generated power of the photovoltaic power generation is stored by charging, and when the photovoltaic power generation cannot be performed, the stored power is discharged.
【００２５】建物用電力供給装置１２は、太陽電池１１
からの太陽光発電電力又は組電池群１３に蓄積された電
力を建物内の電気機器に供給する。建物用電力供給装置
１２は、直流を交流に変換するインバータ１２１と、太
陽電池１１からの余剰発電電力を充電する充電器１２２
と、スイッチ１２３とを有する。スイッチ１２３は、太
陽電池１１からの発電電力をインバータ１２１を介して
電力供給し、余剰電力を充電器１２２に供給するライ
ン、及び組電池群１３からの電力をインバータ１２１を
介して電力供給するラインを切換制御信号により切り換
える。The building power supply device 12 includes a solar cell 11
Supplies the electric power in the building with the photovoltaic power or the power stored in the battery group 13. The building power supply device 12 includes an inverter 121 that converts DC into AC, and a charger 122 that charges surplus generated power from the solar cell 11.
And a switch 123. The switch 123 supplies power generated from the solar cell 11 via the inverter 121 and supplies surplus power to the charger 122 and a line supplied with power from the battery pack group 13 via the inverter 121. Are switched by the switching control signal.
【００２６】負荷１５は、建物内の電気機器である。ま
た、スイッチ１４は、既存の電力系統からの電力を分電
盤１６を介して建物用電力供給装置１２に供給するライ
ン、インバータ１２１で交流に変換された電力を負荷１
５に供給するライン、太陽光発電の余剰電力を売電のた
めに既存の電力系統に供給するライン、及び既存の電力
系統からの電力を分電盤１６を介して負荷１５に供給す
るラインを切換制御信号により切り換える。The load 15 is an electric device in a building. The switch 14 is a line that supplies power from the existing power system to the building power supply device 12 via the distribution board 16, and the power that is converted into AC by the inverter 121 is the load 1.
5, a line for supplying surplus power of photovoltaic power to an existing power system for selling power, and a line for supplying power from the existing power system to a load 15 through a distribution board 16. Switching is performed by a switching control signal.
【００２７】図２は、本発明に係る建物用電力供給シス
テムにおいて使用する組電池の構成を示す図である。こ
の組電池群１３は、複数の電池セル（二次電池）を含む
組電池２１と、組電池２１から電力を放出するラインを
構成するための複数のスイッチａ２２と、組電池２１へ
電力を供給するラインを構成するためのスイッチｂ２３
と、スイッチａ２２及びスイッチｂ２３の開閉を制御す
るマイクロコンピュータなどの制御器２４とを含む。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a battery pack used in the building power supply system according to the present invention. The assembled battery group 13 includes an assembled battery 21 including a plurality of battery cells (secondary batteries), a plurality of switches a22 for forming a line for discharging power from the assembled battery 21, and power supply to the assembled battery 21. Switch b23 for configuring the line to be changed
And a controller 24 such as a microcomputer for controlling the opening and closing of the switch a22 and the switch b23.
【００２８】この組電池群１３においては、太陽電池の
太陽光発電の余剰発電電力を充電する場合には、制御器
２４によりスイッチａ２２をすべて開とし、スイッチｂ
２３をすべて閉とする。このようにスイッチａ２２及び
スイッチｂ２３の開閉を制御することにより、組電池２
１が充電器１２２に対して並列で接続され、建物用電力
供給装置１２の充電器１２２と接続した状態となる。In the assembled battery group 13, when charging the surplus generated power of the photovoltaic power generation of the solar cell, the controller 24 opens all the switches a22 and the switches b
23 are all closed. By controlling the opening and closing of the switch a22 and the switch b23 in this manner, the battery pack 2
1 is connected in parallel to the charger 122 and is in a state of being connected to the charger 122 of the building power supply device 12.
【００２９】また、この組電池群１３においては、組電
池２１に蓄積した電力を組電池２１から建物内の電気機
器に放電する場合には、制御器２４によりスイッチａ２
２をすべて閉とし、スイッチｂ２３をすべて開とする。
このようにスイッチａ２２及びスイッチｂ２３の開閉を
制御することにより、組電池２１がスイッチ１２３に対
して直列で接続された状態となる。In the battery pack group 13, when the electric power stored in the battery pack 21 is discharged from the battery pack 21 to the electric equipment in the building, the controller 24 controls the switch a2.
2 are all closed, and all the switches b23 are open.
By controlling the opening and closing of the switches a22 and b23 in this manner, the battery pack 21 is connected to the switch 123 in series.
【００３０】なお、図２において、Ｘ部のスイッチａ２
２及びスイッチｂ２３は、最低電位部分のスイッチであ
り、充電器１２２のマイナス側が放電時に組電池群１３
のマイナス側と接続されていても障害が無い場合には省
略することができる。In FIG. 2, the switch a2 of the X section
2 and a switch b23 are switches of the lowest potential portion, and the negative side of the charger 122 discharges the battery pack group 13 when discharging.
Even if it is connected to the minus side of, it can be omitted if there is no obstacle.
【００３１】上記構成を有する建物用電力供給システム
の動作について説明する。まず、太陽光発電を行うこと
ができる場合には、切換制御信号により建物用電力供給
装置１２のスイッチ１２３及びスイッチ１４を切り換え
て、太陽電池１１の太陽光発電により得られた電力をイ
ンバータ１２１に送る。インバータ１２１では、直流電
力を交流電力に変換して負荷１５に出力する。負荷１５
では、供給された電力で電気機器を動作させる。The operation of the building power supply system having the above configuration will be described. First, when the photovoltaic power generation can be performed, the switch 123 and the switch 14 of the building power supply device 12 are switched by the switching control signal, and the power obtained by the photovoltaic power generation of the solar cell 11 is supplied to the inverter 121. send. The inverter 121 converts DC power into AC power and outputs the AC power to the load 15. Load 15
Then, the electric device is operated with the supplied power.
【００３２】また、太陽電池１１で発電した電力が余剰
電力になる場合には、切換制御信号によりスイッチ１２
３を切り換えて、太陽電池１１から電力が建物用電力供
給装置１２の充電器１２２に送られるようにする。ま
た、組電池群１３において、制御器２４によりスイッチ
ａ２２をすべて開とし、スイッチｂ２３をすべて閉とし
て、組電池２１を並列に接続し、充電器１２２と接続さ
せる。When the power generated by the solar cell 11 becomes surplus power, the switch 12
3 is switched so that electric power is transmitted from the solar cell 11 to the charger 122 of the building power supply device 12. Further, in the assembled battery group 13, all the switches a 22 are opened and all the switches b 23 are closed by the controller 24, and the assembled batteries 21 are connected in parallel and connected to the charger 122.
【００３３】そして、太陽電池１１の太陽光発電により
得られた電力を充電器１２２を介して組電池群１３の組
電池２１に送る。それぞれの組電池２１では、太陽光発
電の余剰電力が充電により蓄積される。Then, the electric power obtained by the solar power generation of the solar cell 11 is sent to the assembled batteries 21 of the assembled battery group 13 via the charger 122. In each battery pack 21, surplus electric power of solar power generation is accumulated by charging.
【００３４】この場合、組電池群１３において、電力充
電時はそれぞれの組電池２１が充電器１２２に対して並
列に接続されるので、低電圧の状態で充電を行うことが
可能となる。In this case, in the battery pack group 13, at the time of power charging, each battery pack 21 is connected in parallel to the charger 122, so that charging can be performed in a low voltage state.
【００３５】さらに、太陽電池１１で発電した電力が組
電池に充電してもまだ余剰電力になる場合には、売電の
ために、切換制御信号によりスイッチ１４を切り換え
て、インバータ１２１で変換されて得られた交流電力を
分電盤１６を介して既存の電力系統に送る。Further, when the power generated by the solar cell 11 still becomes surplus power after charging the battery pack, the switch 14 is switched by the switching control signal to sell the power, and the power is converted by the inverter 121. The obtained AC power is sent to the existing power system via the distribution board 16.
【００３６】また、夜間などのように太陽光発電を行う
ことができない場合には、切換制御信号により建物用電
力供給装置１２のスイッチ１２３及びスイッチ１４を切
り換えて、組電池群１３から電力が建物内の電気機器で
ある負荷１５に供給されるようにする。また、組電池群
１３において、制御器２４によりスイッチａ２２をすべ
て閉とし、スイッチｂ２３をすべて開として、組電池２
１を直列に接続する。When the solar power cannot be generated, such as at night, the switch 123 and the switch 14 of the building power supply device 12 are switched by the switching control signal so that the power is supplied from the battery group 13 to the building. To be supplied to the load 15 which is an electric device in the apparatus. Further, in the assembled battery group 13, the controller 24 closes all the switches a22 and opens all the switches b23, thereby setting the assembled battery 2
1 in series.
【００３７】そして、組電池２１に蓄積された電力をイ
ンバータ１２１に送る。インバータ１２１では、直流電
力を交流電力に変換して負荷１５に出力する。負荷１５
では、供給された電力で電気機器を動作させる。Then, the power stored in the battery pack 21 is sent to the inverter 121. The inverter 121 converts DC power into AC power and outputs the AC power to the load 15. Load 15
Then, the electric device is operated with the supplied power.
【００３８】この場合、組電池群１３において、電力放
電時は組電池２１がスイッチ１２３に対して直列に接続
されるので、高電圧の状態で放電を行うことが可能とな
る。In this case, in the battery pack group 13, at the time of power discharge, the battery pack 21 is connected in series to the switch 123, so that the battery pack 21 can be discharged at a high voltage.
【００３９】このように本実施の形態に係る建物用電力
供給システムは、太陽電池による太陽光発電で得られた
余剰電力を組電池群に蓄積し、太陽光発電ができないと
きに、蓄積した電力を使用するので、太陽光発電におい
て余剰となる発電電力を建物内の電気機器に有効に利用
することができる。As described above, the building power supply system according to the present embodiment accumulates surplus power obtained by photovoltaic power generation using solar cells in a battery pack group, and stores the stored power when photovoltaic power generation is not possible. Is used, surplus generated electric power in solar power generation can be effectively used for electric equipment in a building.
【００４０】また、組電池群に電力を充電する際に組電
池を並列に接続し、組電池群から電力を放電する際に組
電池を直列に接続するので、充電電圧が過大にならず低
電圧状態で充電を行うことができ、高電圧状態で放電を
行うことができる。これにより、充電制御部の耐電圧、
充電器部品の耐電圧を下げることができ、充電効率の向
上（損失の低減）や充電器の製造コストを低減すること
が可能となる。また、放電時に大電流を流すことなく大
電力を供給することが可能となり、配線太さの低減及び
配線による電力損失の低減を図り、建物用の電力供給を
効率良く行うことができる。Further, since the assembled batteries are connected in parallel when charging the assembled battery group, and the assembled batteries are connected in series when discharging the electric power from the assembled battery group, the charging voltage does not become excessively high and is low. Charging can be performed in a voltage state, and discharging can be performed in a high voltage state. Thereby, the withstand voltage of the charge control unit,
The withstand voltage of the charger component can be reduced, and the charging efficiency can be improved (loss can be reduced) and the manufacturing cost of the charger can be reduced. In addition, large power can be supplied without causing a large current to flow at the time of discharge, the thickness of wiring can be reduced, the power loss due to wiring can be reduced, and power can be efficiently supplied to buildings.
【００４１】また、組電池群に電力を充電するに際に組
電池を並列に接続するので、組電池単位で充電制御を行
うことが可能となり、組電池毎に最大充電量を容易に得
ることが可能となる。また、充電の際に組電池を並列に
接続するので、従来の組電池と異なり、１つの電池セル
が満充電となったときに充電を停止することがない。し
たがって、従来の組電池よりも蓄積容量が増加する。ま
た、電池セルが組電池間の容量差により他の組電池に悪
影響を及ぼすことがない。Further, since the assembled batteries are connected in parallel when charging the electric power to the assembled battery group, it is possible to perform the charge control for each assembled battery, and to easily obtain the maximum charge amount for each assembled battery. Becomes possible. Further, since the assembled batteries are connected in parallel at the time of charging, the charging does not stop when one battery cell is fully charged, unlike the conventional assembled battery. Therefore, the storage capacity is increased as compared with the conventional assembled battery. Also, the battery cells do not adversely affect other assembled batteries due to the difference in capacity between the assembled batteries.
【００４２】図３は、充電時の電圧を検知するための構
成を示す図であり、（ａ）は本発明に係る建物用電力供
給システムにおける構成を示し、（ｂ）は従来の組電池
における構成を示す。FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a configuration for detecting a voltage at the time of charging. FIG. 3A shows a configuration in a building power supply system according to the present invention, and FIG. 3B shows a configuration in a conventional assembled battery. The configuration is shown.
【００４３】図３（ａ）に示すように、組電池群におい
て、充電の際の組電池２１の両端の電圧を検知するセン
サ３１を設けて、組電池への充電を制御したり、組電池
からの放電を制御したり、組電池内の異常電池の判定を
行うようにしても良い。As shown in FIG. 3A, in the battery pack group, a sensor 31 for detecting the voltage between both ends of the battery pack 21 at the time of charging is provided to control charging to the battery pack, May be controlled, or an abnormal battery in the battery pack may be determined.
【００４４】本実施の形態に係る組電池では、図３
（ａ）に示すように、充電の際には組電池が並列に接続
されており、組電池単位で充電が行われる。このため、
充電電圧を検知するセンサ３１は組電池１個分の耐電圧
で済む。また、組電池の両端電圧が低くなるので、組電
池内の電池セルの電圧異常（セル短絡など）が顕著に現
れるようになり、異常セルの検出が容易になる。In the assembled battery according to this embodiment, FIG.
As shown in (a), at the time of charging, battery packs are connected in parallel, and charging is performed in battery pack units. For this reason,
The sensor 31 for detecting the charging voltage only needs to withstand the voltage of one assembled battery. Further, since the voltage between both ends of the battery pack becomes low, abnormal voltage (battery short-circuit, etc.) of the battery cells in the battery pack becomes remarkable, and the abnormal cell can be easily detected.
【００４５】一方、従来の組電池では、図３（ｂ）に示
すように、充電の際には組電池が直列に接続される。こ
のため、充電電圧を検知するセンサは組電池の直列数
分、すなわち３個分（Ｖ＝Ｖ１＋Ｖ２＋Ｖ３）の耐電圧
が必要となる。On the other hand, in the conventional battery pack, the battery packs are connected in series during charging, as shown in FIG. For this reason, the sensors for detecting the charging voltage need to have a withstand voltage of the number of series assembled batteries, ie, three (V = V1 + V2 + V3).
【００４６】このように、本実施の形態に係る組電池で
は、充電の際に組電池が並列に接続されるので、充電制
御のための電圧検知回路を低電圧化することが可能とな
り、検知精度が向上すると共に、回路の低コスト化に寄
与することができる。As described above, in the assembled battery according to the present embodiment, the assembled batteries are connected in parallel at the time of charging, so that it is possible to reduce the voltage of the voltage detection circuit for controlling the charging. The accuracy can be improved, and the cost of the circuit can be reduced.
【００４７】なお、本実施の形態に係る建物用電力供給
システムにおいては、切換制御信号によりスイッチ１４
を切り換えて、既存の電力系統から電力を供給して負荷
１５である電気機器を動作させるようにしても良く、既
存の電力系統からの電力を組電池群１３に充電して蓄積
するようにしても良い。In the power supply system for a building according to the present embodiment, the switch 14 is controlled by the switching control signal.
May be switched to supply electric power from the existing electric power system to operate the electric device which is the load 15, and the electric power from the existing electric power system is charged to the battery pack group 13 and stored. Is also good.
【００４８】（第２実施の形態）本実施の形態では、電
力需要の平準化を目的として時間帯により電気料金の異
なる電力契約において、電気料金が割安な時間帯に、既
存の電力系統の電力を充電装置を介して組電池に充電
し、電気料金が割高な時間帯（又は電気料金の高い時間
帯の特に電力需要のピーク時間帯）に、充電により蓄積
した電力を電力供給装置のインバータを通して建物内の
電気機器に放電する場合について説明する。(Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, in order to equalize the power demand, in an electric power contract with different electric rates depending on the time zone, the electric power of the existing power system is reduced during the time when the electric rate is cheaper. Is charged to the battery pack through the charging device, and the power accumulated by charging is passed through the inverter of the power supply device during the time period when the electricity rate is relatively high (or during the time period when the electricity rate is particularly high, especially during the peak time of the power demand). The case of discharging to electric equipment in a building will be described.
【００４９】図４は、本発明の第２の実施の形態に係る
建物用電力供給システムの概略構成を示すブロック図で
ある。FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a building power supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【００５０】図４に示す建物用電力供給システムにおい
て、組電池群４２は、複数の二次電池を含む組電池を複
数接続してなる構成を有し、既存の電力系統からの電力
を充電により蓄積すると共に、蓄積した電力を放電す
る。この組電池群４２の構成は、第１実施の形態と同様
に図２に示す構成である。この詳しい説明は省略する。In the building power supply system shown in FIG. 4, the assembled battery group 42 has a configuration in which a plurality of assembled batteries including a plurality of secondary batteries are connected, and the electric power from the existing electric power system is charged. While storing, the stored power is discharged. The configuration of the battery pack group 42 is the configuration shown in FIG. 2 as in the first embodiment. This detailed description is omitted.
【００５１】建物用電力供給装置４１は、既存の電力系
統からの電力又は組電池群４２に蓄積された電力を建物
内の電気機器に供給する。建物用電力供給装置４１は、
直流を交流に変換するインバータ４１１と、既存の電力
系統からの電力を充電する充電器４１２とを有する。The building power supply device 41 supplies power from an existing power system or power stored in the battery pack group 42 to electric equipment in the building. The building power supply device 41 includes:
It has an inverter 411 for converting DC to AC, and a charger 412 for charging power from an existing power system.
【００５２】負荷４４は、建物内の電気機器である。ま
た、スイッチ４３は、既存の電力系統からの電力を分電
盤４５を介して建物用電力供給装置４１に供給するライ
ン、インバータ４１１で交流に変換された電力を負荷４
４に供給するライン、及び既存の電力系統からの電力を
分電盤４５を介して負荷４４に供給するラインを切換制
御信号により切り換える。このスイッチ４３は、時刻情
報及び時間帯テーブル４７（図５(a)小口需要家、(b)大
口需要家、参照）の情報に基づいて制御器４６が制御す
る。The load 44 is an electric device in the building. Further, the switch 43 is a line for supplying power from the existing power system to the building power supply device 41 via the distribution board 45, and the power converted into AC by the inverter 411 to the load 4.
4 and a line for supplying power from the existing power system to the load 44 via the distribution board 45 are switched by a switching control signal. The switch 43 is controlled by the controller 46 based on the time information and the information in the time zone table 47 (see FIG. 5 (a) small customers, (b) large customers).
【００５３】上記構成を有する建物用電力供給システム
の動作について説明する。まず、電気料金が割安の時間
帯の場合には、制御器４６の制御によりスイッチ４３を
切り換えて、既存の電力系統からの電力が分電盤４５を
介して建物用電力供給装置４１の充電器４１２に送られ
るようにする。また、組電池群４２において、制御器２
４によりスイッチａ２２をすべて開とし、スイッチｂ２
３をすべて閉として、組電池２１を並列に接続し、充電
器４１２と接続させる。The operation of the building power supply system having the above configuration will be described. First, when the electricity rate is a cheap time zone, the switch 43 is switched under the control of the controller 46, and the electric power from the existing electric power system is supplied via the distribution board 45 to the charger of the building power supply device 41. 412. In the battery pack group 42, the controller 2
4, switch a22 is completely opened, and switch b2
3 are all closed, the assembled batteries 21 are connected in parallel, and connected to the charger 412.
【００５４】そして、既存の電力系統からの電力を充電
器４１２を介して組電池群４２の組電池２１に送る。そ
れぞれの組電池２１では、既存の電力系統からの電力が
充電により蓄積される。Then, the electric power from the existing electric power system is sent to the assembled batteries 21 of the assembled battery group 42 via the charger 412. In each battery pack 21, electric power from the existing electric power system is accumulated by charging.
【００５５】この場合、組電池群４２において、電力充
電時は組電池２１が並列に接続されるので、低電圧の状
態で充電を行うことが可能となる。In this case, in the battery pack group 42, the battery packs 21 are connected in parallel at the time of power charging, so that charging can be performed in a low voltage state.
【００５６】また、電気料金が割高の時間帯の場合に
は、制御器４６の制御によりスイッチ４３を切り換え
て、組電池群４２からの電力が建物内の電気機器である
負荷４４に供給されるようにする。また、組電池群４２
において、制御器２４によりスイッチａ２２をすべて閉
とし、スイッチｂ２３をすべて開として、組電池２１を
直列に接続する。When the electricity rate is in a relatively expensive time zone, the switch 43 is switched under the control of the controller 46, and the electric power from the battery pack group 42 is supplied to the load 44 which is the electric equipment in the building. To do. Also, the assembled battery group 42
, The controller 24 closes all the switches a22 and opens all the switches b23 to connect the assembled batteries 21 in series.
【００５７】そして、組電池２１に蓄積された電力をイ
ンバータ４１１に送る。インバータ４１１では、直流電
力を交流電力に変換して負荷４４に出力する。負荷４４
では、供給された電力で電気機器を動作させる。Then, the power stored in the battery pack 21 is sent to the inverter 411. The inverter 411 converts DC power into AC power and outputs the AC power to the load 44. Load 44
Then, the electric device is operated with the supplied power.
【００５８】この場合、組電池群４２において、電力放
電時は組電池２１が直列に接続されるので、高電圧の状
態で放電を行うことが可能となる。In this case, in the battery pack group 42, when the power is discharged, the battery packs 21 are connected in series, so that the discharge can be performed in a high voltage state.
【００５９】上記電気料金が異なる時間帯での切換制御
は、制御器４６で行う。すなわち、制御器４６は、入力
される時刻情報にしたがって、時間帯テーブル４７を参
照して制御を行う。例えば、時刻情報から時間帯テーブ
ル４７を参照して電気料金が高い場合には、組電池群４
２からの電力が建物内の電気機器である負荷４４に供給
されるようにスイッチ４３を切り換え、電気料金が安い
場合には、既存の電力系統からの電力が建物用電力供給
装置４１の充電器４１２に送られるようにスイッチ４３
を切り換える。The switching control in the time zone in which the electricity rates are different is performed by the controller 46. That is, the controller 46 performs control with reference to the time zone table 47 according to the input time information. For example, if the electricity rate is high with reference to the time zone table 47 based on the time information, the battery pack group 4
The switch 43 is switched so that the electric power from the power supply 2 is supplied to the load 44, which is an electric device in the building. When the electricity rate is low, the electric power from the existing electric power system is supplied to the charger of the electric power supply device 41 for the building. Switch 43 to be sent to 412
Switch.
【００６０】このように本実施の形態に係る建物用電力
供給システムは、電気料金が割安の時間帯に既存の電力
系統からの電力を組電池群に蓄積し、電気料金が割高の
時間帯に、蓄積した電力を使用するので、電気料金が割
安である時間帯の電力を建物内の電気機器に有効利用す
ることができ、電気料金を低減させることが可能とな
る。As described above, the power supply system for a building according to the present embodiment accumulates the power from the existing power system in the battery pack group during the time when the electricity rate is relatively low, and saves the power during the time when the electricity rate is relatively high. Since the stored electric power is used, the electric power in the time zone where the electric charge is cheap can be effectively used for the electric equipment in the building, and the electric charge can be reduced.
【００６１】また、組電池群に電力を充電する際に組電
池を並列に接続し、組電池群から電力を放電する際に組
電池を直列に接続するので、低電圧状態で充電を行うこ
とができ、高電圧状態で放電を行うことができる。これ
により、充電器部品の耐電圧を下げることができ、素子
損失の低減、使用素子の耐圧低下に伴う価格低下を実現
し、充電効率の向上や充電器の製造コストを低減するこ
とが可能となる。また、放電時に大電流を流すことなく
大電力を供給することが可能となり、高電圧放電が可能
になってインバータ効率の向上、電流値低減による損失
低下を実現でき、建物用の電力供給を効率良く行うこと
ができる。Also, since the assembled batteries are connected in parallel when charging the assembled battery group, and the assembled batteries are connected in series when discharging the electric power from the assembled battery group, it is possible to perform charging in a low voltage state. And discharge can be performed in a high voltage state. This makes it possible to reduce the withstand voltage of the charger components, reduce the element loss, reduce the price due to the reduced withstand voltage of the elements used, improve the charging efficiency, and reduce the manufacturing cost of the charger. Become. In addition, it is possible to supply a large amount of power without flowing a large current at the time of discharge, and it is possible to achieve high voltage discharge, improve inverter efficiency, reduce loss by reducing the current value, and improve the efficiency of power supply for buildings. Can do well.
【００６２】また、組電池群に電力を充電する際に組電
池を並列に接続するので、組電池単位で充電制御を行う
ことが可能となり、組電池毎に最大充電量を容易に得る
ことが可能となる。また、充電の際に組電池を並列に接
続するので、従来の組電池と異なり、１つの電池セルが
満充電となったときに充電を停止することがない。した
がって、従来の組電池よりも蓄積容量が増加する。ま
た、電池セルが組電池間の容量差により他の組電池に悪
影響を及ぼすことがない。Further, since the assembled batteries are connected in parallel when charging power to the assembled battery group, it is possible to perform charge control for each assembled battery, and it is possible to easily obtain the maximum charge amount for each assembled battery. It becomes possible. Further, since the assembled batteries are connected in parallel at the time of charging, the charging does not stop when one battery cell is fully charged, unlike the conventional assembled battery. Therefore, the storage capacity is increased as compared with the conventional assembled battery. Also, the battery cells do not adversely affect other assembled batteries due to the difference in capacity between the assembled batteries.
【００６３】（第３実施の形態）本実施の形態では、本
発明に係る建物用電力供給システムを構成する前述の組
電池群１３、４２と実質的に同一の電池群５０の直並列
切換機能を充電時、放電時の電池異常検出時における異
常電池の切り離しにも使用することで機能向上を図り、
電池異常発生時に異常電池を除いた状態での運転継続、
及び異常電池を切り離すことで安全性を確保するものに
ついて説明する。(Third Embodiment) In this embodiment, a series / parallel switching function of a battery group 50 substantially the same as the above-described assembled battery groups 13 and 42 constituting the power supply system for a building according to the present invention. The function is also improved by using it to separate abnormal batteries when detecting battery abnormalities during charging and discharging.
If a battery error occurs, continue operation with the abnormal battery removed,
And what secures safety by separating the abnormal battery will be described.
【００６４】電池群５０は、複数の単電池又は組電池５
１（ＢＡＴ１〜ＢＡＴＮ）と、それぞれの電池５１の＋
側に設けられ、電池５１から電力を放出するラインを構
成するための複数のスイッチ５２（ａ１〜ａＮ）と、そ
れぞれの電池５１の＋側と一側に設けられ、電池５１へ
電力を供給するラインを構成するためのスイッチ５３
（ｂ１−１,ｂ１−２,…ｂＮ−１,ｂＮ−２）と、スイ
ッチ５２及びスイッチ５３の開閉を制御するマイクロコ
ンピュータなどの制御器５４とを含む。The battery group 50 includes a plurality of unit cells or the assembled battery 5.
1 (BAT1 to BATN) and + of each battery 51
, And a plurality of switches 52 (a1 to aN) for forming a line for discharging power from the battery 51, and provided on one side and one side of each battery 51 to supply power to the battery 51. Switch 53 for configuring a line
(B1-1, b1-2,... BN-1, bN-2) and a controller 54 such as a microcomputer for controlling the opening and closing of the switches 52 and 53.
【００６５】電池群５０の本来の充放電時の直並列切換
動作としては、図６においてスイッチ５２（ａ１〜ａ
Ｎ）を全て閉じ、スイッチ５３（ｂ１−１）とスイッチ
５３（ｂ１−２）〜スイッチ５３（ｂＮ−１）とスイッ
チ５３（ｂＮ−２）までの全てを開とすると、電池５１
（ＢＡＴ１〜ＢＡＴＮ）は充電器から遮断された状態で
互いに、且つ直流−交流変換器（インバータ）に対して
直列接続となり、放電電力を次段の直流−交流変換器
（インバータ）に供給可能となる。また、スイッチ５２
（ａ１〜ａＮ）を全て開とし、スイッチ５３（ｂ１−
１）とスイッチ５３（ｂ１−２）〜スイッチ５３（ｂＮ
−１）とスイッチ５３（ｂＮ−２）までの全てを閉とす
ると、電池５１（ＢＡＴ１〜ＢＡＴＮ）は互いに、且つ
充電器に対して並列接続となり、次段の直流―交流変換
器（インバータ）から遮断された状態で並列接続とな
り、充電器からの充電が可能となる。The series / parallel switching operation at the time of the original charge / discharge of the battery group 50 includes a switch 52 (a1 to a
N) are all closed, and all of the switches 53 (b1-1) and 53 (b1-2) to 53 (bN-1) and 53 (bN-2) are opened.
(BAT1 to BATN) are connected in series to each other and to a DC-AC converter (inverter) in a state of being cut off from the charger, so that discharge power can be supplied to a DC-AC converter (inverter) at the next stage. Become. Also, the switch 52
(A1 to aN) are all opened, and the switch 53 (b1-
1) and switches 53 (b1-2) to 53 (bN
-1) and all switches up to the switch 53 (bN-2) are closed, the batteries 51 (BAT1 to BATN) are connected in parallel to each other and to the charger, and the next stage DC-AC converter (inverter) When the battery is disconnected from the battery, the battery is connected in parallel, and charging from the charger becomes possible.
【００６６】このとき、本実施の形態では、電池５１
（ＢＡＴ１〜ＢＡＴＮ）毎の発熱、異常電圧などを検出
する異常検出回路５５を各電池５１に取り付ける。異常
検出回路５５は、電池５１の異常を検出すると検出信号
を制御器５４に送る。そして、制御器５４は、充電中又
は放電中にある電池５１の異常を検出したことを条件
に、前記スイッチ５２、５３の一部を操作し、該異常電
池５１を切り離す。At this time, in the present embodiment, the battery 51
An abnormality detection circuit 55 for detecting heat generation, abnormal voltage, and the like for each of (BAT1 to BATN) is attached to each battery 51. When detecting an abnormality in the battery 51, the abnormality detection circuit 55 sends a detection signal to the controller 54. Then, the controller 54 operates a part of the switches 52 and 53 to disconnect the abnormal battery 51 on condition that the abnormality of the battery 51 during charging or discharging is detected.
【００６７】異常検出回路５５としては、具体的には単
電池又は組電池５１の両端の電圧を監視し、常に電池電
圧が一定範囲内にあるかどうか、充電時には時間経過と
共に電池電圧が標準パターンの一定範囲内で上昇してい
るか、放電時には時間の経過とともに低下しているかを
監視する方法と、単電池又は組電池５１に温度センサを
取り付けて電池５１の内部短絡による発熱を監視する方
法等が考えられる。Specifically, the abnormality detection circuit 55 monitors the voltage across the cell 51 or the assembled battery 51 to determine whether the battery voltage is always within a certain range. A method of monitoring whether the temperature rises within a certain range of the temperature or decreasing with time at the time of discharging, a method of attaching a temperature sensor to the single battery or the assembled battery 51 and monitoring heat generation due to an internal short circuit of the battery 51, and the like. Can be considered.
【００６８】以下、異常検出回路５５による異常電池切
離し動作について説明する。便宜上、電池５１（ＢＡＴ
２）に異常が発生したと仮定する。Hereinafter, the operation of disconnecting the abnormal battery by the abnormality detecting circuit 55 will be described. For convenience, the battery 51 (BAT
Assume that an abnormality has occurred in 2).
【００６９】(A)充電時に電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）に異常
が発生した場合 異常検知後、電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）の異常検出回路５５
からの検出信号が制御器５４に送られ、制御器５４から
の信号によりスイッチ５３（ｂ２−１）及びスイッチ５
３（ｂ２−２）を開状態とすることで、充電器からの充
電電圧は電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）に加わらず、スイッチ５
２（ａ２）は充電時の当初から開状態のため電池５１
（ＢＡＴ２）は完全に切り離された状態を保つ。同時に
制御器５４は電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）の異常をアラーム表
示などで修理が必要な状態を知らせる。(A) When an abnormality occurs in the battery 51 (BAT2) during charging After the abnormality is detected, the abnormality detection circuit 55 of the battery 51 (BAT2)
Is sent to the controller 54, and the switch 53 (b2-1) and the switch 5
3 (b2-2), the charging voltage from the charger is not applied to the battery 51 (BAT2), and the switch 5 (b2-2) is opened.
2 (a2) is an open state from the beginning of charging, and the battery 51
(BAT2) remains completely disconnected. At the same time, the controller 54 notifies the abnormality of the battery 51 (BAT2) of the condition requiring repair by displaying an alarm or the like.
【００７０】即ち、充電時に電池５１（ＢＡＴｎ）（１
≦ｎ≦Ｎ）に異常が発生した場合、スイッチ５３（ｂｎ
−１）及びスイッチ５３（ｂｎ−２）の少なくとも一方
を開状態とすることで電池５１（ＢＡＴｎ）は完全に切
り離される。That is, at the time of charging, the battery 51 (BATn) (1
≤ n ≤ N, the switch 53 (bn
By opening at least one of -1) and the switch 53 (bn-2), the battery 51 (BATn) is completely disconnected.
【００７１】この際、電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）以外の電池
５１は充電を継続しても中断しても良く、また住宅用途
の場合、自動的に電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）を切り離したま
ま放電モードに移行しても構わない。なお、放電時の電
池５１（ＢＡＴ２）の接続に関しては後述する。At this time, the batteries 51 other than the battery 51 (BAT2) may be continuously charged or interrupted, and in the case of a residential use, the battery 51 (BAT2) is automatically shifted to the discharge mode with the battery 51 (BAT2) disconnected. It does not matter. The connection of the battery 51 (BAT2) during discharging will be described later.
【００７２】(B)放電時に電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）に異常
が発生した場合 異常検知後、電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）の異常検出回路５５
からの信号が制御器５４に送られ、制御器５４からの信
号によりスイッチ５２（ａ２）を開状態とし、同時に放
電状態では開状態となっているスイッチ５３（ｂ１−
２）とスイッチ５３（ｂ２−２）を閉状態とすること
で、電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）をバイパスする形式で電池５
１（ＢＡＴ１）のマイナス側と電池５１（ＢＡＴ３）の
プラス側を接続することが可能となる。同時に、制御器
５４は電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）の異常をアラーム表示など
で修理が必要な状態を知らせる。即ち、放電時に電池５
１（ＢＡＴｎ）に異常が発生した場合、スイッチ５２
（ａｎ）を開状態とし、スイッチ５３（ｂ（ｎ−１）−
２）とスイッチ５３（ｂｎ−２）を閉状態とすることで
電池５１（ＢＡＴｎ）をバイパスすることができる。(B) When an abnormality occurs in the battery 51 (BAT2) at the time of discharging After the abnormality is detected, the abnormality detection circuit 55 of the battery 51 (BAT2)
Is sent to the controller 54, and the switch 52 (a2) is opened by the signal from the controller 54, and at the same time, the switch 53 (b1-
2) and the switch 53 (b2-2) are closed so that the battery 5 (BAT2) is bypassed.
1 (BAT1) and the positive side of the battery 51 (BAT3) can be connected. At the same time, the controller 54 notifies the abnormality of the battery 51 (BAT2) of the condition requiring repair by displaying an alarm or the like. That is, when discharging, the battery 5
1 (BATn), the switch 52
(An) is opened, and the switch 53 (b (n-1)-
By closing 2) and the switch 53 (bn-2), the battery 51 (BATn) can be bypassed.
【００７３】この際、電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）をバイパス
したまま放電を継続しても中断しても良く、また修理要
求を出しながら放電終了後、前述の充電方法で電池５１
（ＢＡＴ２）を切り離したままで充電へ移行することも
可能であり、電池異常が直ちにシステム停止となる自体
を避けることが可能となる。At this time, the discharge may be continued or interrupted while the battery 51 (BAT2) is bypassed, or after the discharge is completed while a repair request is issued, the battery 51 is charged by the above-described charging method.
It is also possible to shift to charging while disconnecting (BAT2), and it is possible to prevent the system itself from being immediately stopped due to a battery abnormality.
【００７４】尚、放電時に電池５１（ＢＡＴ２）をバイ
パスして運転継続する際の問題点として、バイパス電池
分だけ放電電圧が低下することが考えられる。ただしこ
れは以下の点で問題にならない。すなわち、ポータブル
機器の電源電池のように電池１個の電圧低下で動作しな
くなる場合は問題となるが、住宅用途での蓄電用電池の
場合、必要電圧が高く直列数が多いため直列接続時の電
池の電圧は放電開始時から放電終了時にかけて大きく変
動する。また、電池の経年変化による電圧降下も考慮し
て電池出力を受ける直流―交流変換器の許容動作電圧は
大きく設定されている。したがって、単電池または組電
池が１個あるいは数個バイパスされても動作は維持可能
であり、当初よりそのように設計されていれば問題は発
生しない。As a problem when the operation is continued by bypassing the battery 51 (BAT2) at the time of discharging, it is conceivable that the discharge voltage is reduced by the amount of the bypass battery. However, this is not a problem in the following points. In other words, there is a problem in the case where the battery does not operate due to the voltage drop of one battery as in the case of a power supply battery of a portable device. The voltage of the battery fluctuates greatly from the start of discharge to the end of discharge. Also, the allowable operating voltage of the DC-AC converter receiving the battery output is set to be large in consideration of the voltage drop due to the aging of the battery. Therefore, the operation can be maintained even when one or several unit cells or battery packs are bypassed, and no problem occurs if the battery is so designed from the beginning.
【００７５】したがって、本実施形態によれば、充放電
時に単電池又は組電池５１を直並列に切り換える機構
（スイッチ５２、５３）を流用し、電池異常発生時に切
換機構（スイッチ５２、５３）の一部のみを作動させる
ことにより、異常電池５１をシステムから切り離すこと
ができる。このため、電池異常が発生しても該異常電池
５１を切り離した状態で運転が継続可能となる。また、
異常電池５１を切り離すことが可能になるため、異常電
池５１が混在したまま使用することによる充放電効率の
低下及び異常電池５１の破裂、発火等の事故を防止して
安全性を確保することが可能となる。このとき、電池異
常専用の切換回路を設けることなく、充放電の直並列切
換回路を兼用することで価格上昇を抑えることが可能と
なる。このとき、電池異常専用の切換回路を設けること
なく、充放電の直並列切換回路（スイッチ５２、５３）
と兼用することで価格上昇を抑えることが可能となる。Therefore, according to the present embodiment, a mechanism (switches 52 and 53) for switching the cells or the assembled battery 51 in series / parallel at the time of charging / discharging is used, and the switching mechanism (switches 52 and 53) is used when a battery abnormality occurs. By operating only a part, the abnormal battery 51 can be disconnected from the system. Therefore, even if a battery abnormality occurs, the operation can be continued with the abnormal battery 51 disconnected. Also,
Since the abnormal battery 51 can be separated, it is possible to secure the safety by preventing a reduction in charge / discharge efficiency due to the use of the abnormal battery 51 in a mixed state and preventing accidents such as rupture and ignition of the abnormal battery 51. It becomes possible. At this time, it is possible to suppress an increase in price by using a series / parallel switching circuit for charging and discharging without providing a switching circuit dedicated to battery abnormality. At this time, the charge / discharge series-parallel switching circuit (switches 52 and 53) is provided without providing a switching circuit dedicated to battery abnormality.
Also, it is possible to suppress the price rise by also using.
【００７６】なお、本発明は上記実施の形態に限定され
るものではない。例えば、上記実施の形態は適宜組み合
わせて実施することが可能である。すなわち、太陽光発
電の余剰発電電力と割安時間帯の電力を組電池に充電
し、充電した電力を建物内の電気機器のために放電する
ようにしても良い。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the above embodiments can be implemented in appropriate combinations. That is, the surplus generated power of the solar power generation and the power in the bargain time zone may be charged into the battery pack, and the charged power may be discharged for electric equipment in the building.
【００７７】また、上記実施の形態において、組電池を
構成する二次電池の種類、太陽電池の構成、組電池の数
などについては、特に制限はない。In the above embodiment, there is no particular limitation on the type of the secondary battery constituting the assembled battery, the configuration of the solar battery, the number of assembled batteries, and the like.
【００７８】[0078]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の建物用電
力供給システム及びそれに用いる電池装置は、電池群に
電力を充電する際に電池を並列に接続し、電池群から電
力を放電する際に電池を直列に接続するので、電池間の
容量差の影響を受けずに、低電圧状態で充電を行うこと
ができ、高電圧状態で放電を行うことができる。As described above, the power supply system for a building and the battery device used in the present invention connect the batteries in parallel when charging the batteries and discharge the power from the batteries. Since the batteries are connected in series, the battery can be charged in a low voltage state and discharged in a high voltage state without being affected by the capacity difference between the batteries.
【００７９】また、本発明の建物用電力供給システム及
びそれに用いる電池装置は、充電中または放電中に電池
異常が発生したときに、簡易な構成により、異常電池を
切り離しできる。Further, the power supply system for buildings of the present invention and the battery device used therein can disconnect the abnormal battery with a simple configuration when a battery abnormality occurs during charging or discharging.
【図１】本発明の第１実施の形態に係る建物用電力供給
システムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a building power supply system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る建物用電力供給システムにおいて
使用する組電池の構成を示す回路図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a battery pack used in the power supply system for buildings according to the present invention.
【図３】充電時の電圧を検知するための構成を示す回路
図であり、（ａ）は本発明に係る建物用電力供給システ
ムにおける構成を示し、（ｂ）は従来の組電池における
構成を示す。FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration for detecting a voltage at the time of charging, where (a) shows a configuration in a building power supply system according to the present invention, and (b) shows a configuration in a conventional assembled battery. Show.
【図４】本発明の第２実施の形態に係る建物用電力供給
システムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a building power supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の第２実施の形態に係る建物用電力供給
システムにおいて使用される時間帯テーブルを示す図表
である。FIG. 5 is a chart showing a time zone table used in a building power supply system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の第３実施の形態に係る建物用電力供給
システムにおいて使用する電池の構成を示す回路図であ
る。FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a battery used in a building power supply system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
１１ 太陽電池 １２、４１ 建物用電力供給装置 １３、４２、５０ 組電池群（組電池手段） １４、４３、１３３ スイッチ １５、４４ 負荷 １６、４５ 分電盤 ２１、５１ 組電池 ２２、５２ スイッチａ（切換手段の一部） ２３、５３ スイッチｂ（切換手段の一部） ２４、４６、５４ 制御器 ３１ センサ（電圧監視手段） ４７ 時間帯テーブル ５５ 異常検出回路（異常検出手段） １２１、４１１ インバータ １２２、４１２ 充電器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Solar cell 12, 41 Building electric power supply 13, 42, 50 Assembly battery group (assembly battery means) 14, 43, 133 Switch 15, 44 Load 16, 45 Distribution board 21, 51 Assembly battery 22, 52 Switch a (Part of switching means) 23, 53 Switch b (Part of switching means) 24, 46, 54 Controller 31 Sensor (Voltage monitoring means) 47 Time zone table 55 Abnormality detection circuit (Abnormality detection means) 121, 411 Inverter 122, 412 Charger
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｈ０１Ｍ 10/44 Ｈ０１Ｍ 10/44 Ｐ ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H01M 10/44 H01M 10/44 P
Claims (5)
電力を蓄積すると共に、蓄積した電力を建物内の電気機
器に放電する電池手段と、電力を蓄積する際に前記電池
を並列に接続し、前記蓄積した電力を建物内の電気機器
に放電する際に前記電池を直列に接続するように前記複
数の電池の接続を切り換える切換手段と、を具備するこ
とを特徴とする建物用電力供給システム。1. A battery comprising a plurality of batteries connected to each other,
A battery means for storing power and discharging the stored power to electrical equipment in the building, and connecting the batteries in parallel when storing power and discharging the stored power to electrical equipment in the building. Switching means for switching connection of the plurality of batteries so as to connect the batteries in series.
視する電圧監視手段を具備することを特徴とする請求項
１に記載の建物用電力供給システム。2. The building power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising voltage monitoring means for monitoring a voltage when power is stored in the battery.
段を設け、充電中又は放電中にある電池の異常を検出し
たことを条件に、前記切換手段により該異常電池を切り
離すことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の建物用電
力供給システム。3. An abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of each battery, wherein the abnormal battery is separated by the switching means on condition that an abnormality of the battery being charged or discharged is detected. The building power supply system according to claim 1.
池手段と、前記電池手段に電力を蓄積する際に前記電池
を並列に接続し、前記蓄積した電力を放電する際に前記
電池を直列に接続するように前記複数の電池の接続を切
り換える切換手段と、を具備することを特徴とする電池
装置。4. A battery means configured by connecting a plurality of batteries, and the battery is connected in parallel when storing power in the battery means, and the battery is connected when discharging the stored power. Switching means for switching connection of the plurality of batteries so as to be connected in series.
池手段と、前記電池毎の異常を検出する異常検出手段
と、前記電池手段に電力を蓄積する際に前記電池を並列
に接続し、前記蓄積した電力を放電する際に前記電池を
直列に接続するように前記複数の電池の接続を切り換え
ると共に、充電中又は放電中に前記異常検出手段が検出
した異常電池を切り離す切換手段と、を具備することを
特徴とする電池装置。5. A battery unit configured by connecting a plurality of batteries, an abnormality detection unit that detects an abnormality of each battery, and connecting the batteries in parallel when storing power in the battery unit. Switching means for switching the plurality of batteries so as to connect the batteries in series when discharging the stored power, and switching means for disconnecting the abnormal battery detected by the abnormality detecting means during charging or discharging, A battery device comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000068829A JP2001309563A (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2000-03-13 | Building power supply system and battery device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000-36954 | 2000-02-15 | ||
| JP2000036954 | 2000-02-15 | ||
| JP2000068829A JP2001309563A (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2000-03-13 | Building power supply system and battery device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001309563A true JP2001309563A (en) | 2001-11-02 |
Family
ID=26585400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000068829A Pending JP2001309563A (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2000-03-13 | Building power supply system and battery device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2001309563A (en) |
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