JP2001295997A - Hydrogen storage device - Google Patents
Hydrogen storage deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001295997A JP2001295997A JP2000115891A JP2000115891A JP2001295997A JP 2001295997 A JP2001295997 A JP 2001295997A JP 2000115891 A JP2000115891 A JP 2000115891A JP 2000115891 A JP2000115891 A JP 2000115891A JP 2001295997 A JP2001295997 A JP 2001295997A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- hydrogen storage
- passage
- passages
- storage device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は，水素を吸蔵し，ま
たその水素を放出する水素貯蔵装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrogen storage device for storing and releasing hydrogen.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来，この種の水素貯蔵装置としては，
例えば，複数の二重円筒型タンクを用いたものが知られ
ている。このタンクは，内筒内に水素貯蔵合金を収容す
ると共にその軸線回りに吸蔵用水素および放出水素を流
通させる通路を設け，内，外筒間を加熱用流体および冷
却用流体の通路としたものである。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as this kind of hydrogen storage device,
For example, one using a plurality of double cylindrical tanks is known. This tank contains a hydrogen storage alloy in the inner cylinder, and has a passage for circulating hydrogen for storage and release around the axis of the tank. The passage for the heating fluid and the cooling fluid is provided between the inner and outer cylinders. It is.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら従来装置
は，各タンクにおける吸蔵用水素等の通路が細いことに
起因して単位容積当りの水素吸蔵放出面積が小さいた
め，単位容積当りの水素吸蔵量が少なく，また加熱効率
が悪いため水素の放出速度が遅い，という問題があっ
た。However, the conventional apparatus has a small hydrogen storage / release area per unit volume due to a narrow passage for storing hydrogen and the like in each tank, so that the hydrogen storage amount per unit volume is small. There was a problem that the rate of hydrogen release was low due to low heating efficiency and poor heating efficiency.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は，単位容積当り
の水素吸蔵放出面積を大にして単位容積当りの水素吸蔵
量を増加し，また水素の放出を迅速に行い得るようにし
た前記水素貯蔵装置を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydrogen absorbing / desorbing area per unit volume which is increased to increase the hydrogen storage amount per unit volume and to release hydrogen rapidly. It is intended to provide a storage device.
【０００５】前記目的を達成するため本発明によれば，
水素を吸蔵し，またその水素を放出する複数の水素貯蔵
用筒状体を，それらの軸線が平行し，且つ相隣る両筒状
体の外周部が線接触するように並べて，各線接触外周部
を接合することにより形成された，３つ以上の線接触外
周部により囲まれる複数の空間を有し，１つの線接触外
周部両側の一方の空間は，吸蔵用水素および放出水素を
流通させる第１通路として，また他方の空間は燃焼用水
素および酸素を流通させる第２通路としてそれぞれ機能
し，各水素貯蔵用筒状体は，水素貯蔵材を内蔵する収容
部と，外周側に在って少なくとも１つの前記第１通路に
臨む少なくとも１つの水素出入口と，前記水素貯蔵材を
冷却するための冷却用流体を流通させるべく，軸線回り
に在ってその軸線方向に延びる第３通路と，前記水素貯
蔵材を加熱すべく，開口部を前記第２通路に連通させる
と共に水素および酸素の燃焼反応を促進する触媒を持つ
少なくとも１つの第４通路とを有する水素貯蔵装置が提
供される。[0005] To achieve the above object, according to the present invention,
A plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders that occlude and release hydrogen are arranged so that their axes are parallel and the outer peripheral portions of both adjacent cylinders are in line contact with each other. There are a plurality of spaces formed by joining the parts and surrounded by three or more line contact outer peripheral parts, and one space on both sides of one line contact outer peripheral part allows hydrogen for storage and release hydrogen to flow. The first space and the other space function as second passages for flowing hydrogen and oxygen for combustion, respectively, and each of the hydrogen storage cylinders is provided on the outer periphery side with the storage part containing the hydrogen storage material. At least one hydrogen inlet / outlet facing the at least one first passage, and a third passage around an axis and extending in the axial direction for flowing a cooling fluid for cooling the hydrogen storage material. To heat the hydrogen storage material Hydrogen storage device having at least one fourth passage having a catalyst which promotes the combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen with an opening communicating with the second passage is provided.
【０００６】前記のように構成すると，水素出入口は水
素貯蔵用筒状体の外周側に在るので，その軸線回りに吸
蔵用水素等の通路を設けた場合に比べて，単位容積当り
の水素吸蔵放出面積を大にすることが可能であり，これ
により単位容積当りの水素吸蔵量を増加させることがで
きる。[0006] With the above configuration, the hydrogen inlet / outlet is located on the outer peripheral side of the hydrogen storage tubular body, so that the hydrogen per unit volume is smaller than when a passage for storing hydrogen or the like is provided around the axis thereof. It is possible to increase the storage / release area, and thereby increase the hydrogen storage capacity per unit volume.
【０００７】また各水素貯蔵用筒状体の軸線回りに冷却
用流体を流通させる第３通路が在り，一方，水素吸蔵時
においては，外周側から軸線側に向って水素の吸蔵が進
行する関係から，その水素吸蔵に伴う発生熱が水素未吸
蔵の水素貯蔵材を通じて冷却用流体へスムーズに伝播さ
れ，これにより水素貯蔵材における蓄熱を回避して水素
吸蔵効率を向上させると共に水素吸蔵量を増加させるこ
とができる。There is a third passage through which the cooling fluid flows around the axis of each hydrogen storage tubular body. On the other hand, at the time of hydrogen storage, hydrogen storage proceeds from the outer peripheral side toward the axis. Therefore, the heat generated due to the hydrogen storage is smoothly transmitted to the cooling fluid through the hydrogen storage material that has not stored hydrogen, thereby avoiding the heat storage in the hydrogen storage material and improving the hydrogen storage efficiency and increasing the hydrogen storage amount. Can be done.
【０００８】さらに，第４通路において，水素と酸素と
を触媒の存在下で燃焼反応させ，その燃焼熱により水素
貯蔵材を効率良く加熱して水素の放出を迅速に行うこと
ができる。Further, in the fourth passage, hydrogen and oxygen are caused to undergo a combustion reaction in the presence of a catalyst, and the hydrogen storage material can be efficiently heated by the heat of combustion to quickly release hydrogen.
【０００９】さらにまた水素貯蔵用筒状体の増減によ
り，装置全体の水素吸蔵量の増減を簡単に行うことがで
き，また１つの第１通路および１つの第２通路を３つ以
上の筒状体により共有するので，装置の簡素化を図る上
で有効である。Further, the hydrogen storage amount of the whole apparatus can be easily increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the hydrogen storage cylindrical body, and one first passage and one second passage can be formed by three or more cylindrical bodies. Since it is shared by the bodies, it is effective in simplifying the device.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】図１〜６において，水素貯蔵装置
１は，断熱ハウジング２と，その断熱ハウジング２内に
密閉され，且つ水素を吸蔵し，またその水素を放出する
複数の水素貯蔵用筒状体３よりなる集合体とを備えてい
る。断熱ハウジング２は密閉型器体４と，その全外面を
覆う断熱層５とよりなる。器体４は，例えばステンレス
鋼より構成されたもので，器体本体６と蓋体７（図７参
照）とよりなる。この場合，複数の水素貯蔵用筒状体３
の集合体は，断熱ハウジング２内に，その内面から離間
して設置されており，これにより両者２，３間に断熱空
間ｓが形成されている。この断熱空間ｓおよび断熱ハウ
ジング２は，筒状体３の集合体および外部間の熱伝導を
大いに抑制して，筒状体３の水素吸蔵時における冷却効
率および水素放出時における加熱効率を高めることがで
きる。それら水素貯蔵用筒状体３は，横断面円形であっ
て，それらの軸線が平行し，且つ相隣る両筒状体３の外
周部が線接触するように並べられて，各線接触外周部８
をろう接等の手段で接合されている。これにより，３つ
以上，実施例では３つの線接触外周部８により囲まれる
複数の空間を有し，１つの線接触外周部８両側の一方の
空間は，吸蔵用水素および放出水素を流通させる第１通
路９として，また他方の空間は，燃焼用水素および酸
素，実施例では空気を流通させる第２通路１０（図面に
は，便宜上複数の線を付した。）としてそれぞれ機能す
る。したがって，各第１通路９および各第２通路１０は
それぞれ３つ以上，実施例では３つの水素貯蔵用筒状体
３により形成されている，つまり，複数の筒状体３は最
密充填構造を持つように並べられて，それら筒状体３よ
りなる集合体の小型化が図られている。1 to 6, a hydrogen storage device 1 includes an insulated housing 2 and a plurality of hydrogen storages sealed in the insulated housing 2 for storing and releasing hydrogen. And an assembly made of a cylindrical body 3. The heat-insulating housing 2 includes a closed type body 4 and a heat-insulating layer 5 covering the entire outer surface thereof. The case 4 is made of, for example, stainless steel, and includes a case main body 6 and a lid 7 (see FIG. 7). In this case, the plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders 3
Is installed in the heat-insulating housing 2 at a distance from the inner surface thereof, thereby forming a heat-insulating space s between the two. The heat insulating space s and the heat insulating housing 2 greatly suppress the heat conduction between the aggregate of the cylindrical body 3 and the outside, and increase the cooling efficiency when the cylindrical body 3 absorbs hydrogen and the heating efficiency when releasing hydrogen. Can be. The hydrogen storage tubular bodies 3 are circular in cross section, their axes are parallel to each other, and the outer peripheral parts of the adjacent two tubular bodies 3 are arranged in line contact with each other. 8
Are joined by means such as brazing. Thereby, there are a plurality of spaces surrounded by three or more, in this embodiment, three line contact outer peripheral portions 8, and one space on both sides of one line contact outer peripheral portion 8 circulates hydrogen for storage and hydrogen release. The other space functions as the first passage 9 and the second space 10 (in the drawing, a plurality of lines are provided for convenience) for flowing hydrogen and oxygen for combustion, and in the embodiment, air. Therefore, each of the first passages 9 and each of the second passages 10 are each formed by three or more, and in the present embodiment, three hydrogen storage cylinders 3, that is, the plurality of cylinders 3 have a close-packed structure. Thus, the size of the aggregate formed of the cylindrical bodies 3 is reduced.
【００１１】各水素貯蔵用筒状体３は，複数の偏平な環
状ユニットＵを積層し，その積層物の両外端面にそれぞ
れ環状断熱板１１を接合したものである。各環状ユニッ
トＵは，水素貯蔵材１２を内蔵し，且つ外周壁１３に在
って第１通路９に臨む少なくとも１つの開口部１４を有
する環状ケース１５と，その環状ケース１５の両外端面
にそれぞれ設けられた薄い環状加熱−冷却体１６とを有
する。それら環状加熱−冷却体１６は環状ケース１５の
外端面と同等の広い伝熱面積を持つ。複数の環状ユニッ
トＵの中心孔１７には管体１８が挿通され，その管体１
８の内部は冷却用流体を流通させる第３通路１９として
機能する。Each of the hydrogen storage tubular bodies 3 is formed by stacking a plurality of flat annular units U and joining annular heat insulating plates 11 to both outer end surfaces of the stacked body. Each annular unit U has a built-in hydrogen storage material 12, and has at least one opening 14 facing the first passage 9 in the outer peripheral wall 13, and two outer end faces of the annular case 15. And a thin annular heating / cooling body 16 provided respectively. The annular heating / cooling bodies 16 have a large heat transfer area equivalent to the outer end surface of the annular case 15. A tube 18 is inserted into the center hole 17 of the plurality of annular units U, and the tube 1
The inside of 8 functions as a third passage 19 through which the cooling fluid flows.
【００１２】各環状ユニットＵにおける環状ケース１５
は，例えばステンレス鋼より構成され，外周壁１３およ
びそれと一体の両端壁２０を有するケース本体２１と，
そのケース本体２１の内周面に嵌着された水素貯蔵材用
保持筒２２とよりなる。図５に明示するように，各環状
ケース１５の外周壁１３には，それが臨む第１通路９の
数に応じて開口部１４が形成される。即ち，実施例にお
いては，１つの第１通路９に臨む外周壁１３には１つの
開口部１４が，また２つの第１通路９に臨む外周壁１３
には２つの開口部１４が，さらに３つの第１通路９に臨
む外周壁１３には３つの開口部１４がそれぞれ形成され
ている。保持筒２２は，水素が出入りし得る多数の微細
孔，例えば数ｎｍ〜１．０μｍの孔を有する。管体１８
も，例えばステンレス鋼より構成される。水素貯蔵材１
２としては，Ｍｇ，水素貯蔵合金（例えば，Ｍｇ合
金），炭素系吸着材（例えば，ナノ構造炭素）等が用い
られる。Ｍｇ合金には，例えば，Ｍｇ97Ｎｉ2 Ｆｅ1 が
該当する。The annular case 15 in each annular unit U
A case body 21 made of, for example, stainless steel and having an outer peripheral wall 13 and both end walls 20 integral therewith;
It comprises a hydrogen storage material holding cylinder 22 fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the case body 21. As shown in FIG. 5, openings 14 are formed in the outer peripheral wall 13 of each annular case 15 in accordance with the number of the first passages 9 facing the outer case 13. That is, in the embodiment, one opening 14 is provided on the outer peripheral wall 13 facing one first passage 9, and the outer peripheral wall 13 is facing the two first passages 9.
Are formed with two openings 14, and three openings 14 are formed on the outer peripheral wall 13 facing the three first passages 9, respectively. The holding cylinder 22 has a large number of fine holes through which hydrogen can enter and exit, for example, holes of several nm to 1.0 μm. Tube 18
Is also made of, for example, stainless steel. Hydrogen storage material 1
For example, Mg, a hydrogen storage alloy (for example, Mg alloy), a carbon-based adsorbent (for example, nanostructured carbon), or the like is used. For example, Mg 97 Ni 2 Fe 1 corresponds to the Mg alloy.
【００１３】環状加熱−冷却体１６は，第４通路２３と
して機能する連続気孔を有する金属（例えば，Ｎｉ）多
孔質体，セラミック多孔質体等の多孔質体と，その第４
通路２３に保持された触媒とよりなる。図１，６に明示
するように，加熱−冷却体１６の，第２通路１０に臨む
部位以外の外周部にはろう材等によるマスクｍが設けら
れる。即ち，加熱−冷却体１６の外周部は第２通路１０
に臨む開口部２４のみを残して，他は閉鎖される。実施
例においては，開口部２４が１つのものはそれを除い
て，また開口部２４が２つのものはそれらを除いて，さ
らに開口部２４が３つのものはそれらを除いて，それぞ
れマスクｍを有する。第３通路１９を形成する管体１８
において，加熱−冷却体１６との対向部には複数の連通
孔２５が形成され，その連通孔２５を介して加熱−冷却
体１６内周部の開口部２６が第３通路１９に連通する。
実施例では，１つの筒状体３において，相隣る両環状ユ
ニットＵは１つの加熱−冷却体１６を共用しており，ま
た両端の加熱−冷却体１６の外端面はそれぞれ環状断熱
板１１によりシールされる。触媒は第４通路２３内に流
入した水素および酸素の燃焼反応を促進する機能を持
つ。触媒としては，白金，パラジウム等の貴金属単体粉
末，貴金属を主成分とする粉末等が用いられる。The annular heating / cooling body 16 includes a porous body such as a metal (for example, Ni) porous body and a ceramic porous body having continuous pores functioning as the fourth passage 23, and a fourth porous body.
It consists of a catalyst held in the passage 23. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, a mask m made of a brazing material or the like is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the heating / cooling body 16 other than the portion facing the second passage 10. That is, the outer peripheral portion of the heating / cooling body 16 is
The other is closed, leaving only the opening 24 facing. In the embodiment, each of the masks m is excluded except for one having one opening 24, excluding those having two openings 24, and excluding those having three openings 24. Have. Tube 18 forming third passage 19
In the case, a plurality of communication holes 25 are formed in a portion facing the heating / cooling body 16, and an opening 26 in the inner peripheral portion of the heating / cooling body 16 communicates with the third passage 19 via the communication holes 25.
In the embodiment, in one cylindrical body 3, two adjacent annular units U share one heating / cooling body 16, and the outer end faces of the heating / cooling bodies 16 at both ends are respectively provided with annular heat insulating plates 11a and 11b. Sealed by The catalyst has a function of promoting a combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen flowing into the fourth passage 23. As the catalyst, a noble metal simple powder such as platinum and palladium, and a powder mainly containing a noble metal are used.
【００１４】これにより，各水素貯蔵用筒状体３は，水
素貯蔵材１２を内蔵する複数の環状ケース１５よりなる
収容部Ｓと，外周側に在って少なくとも１つの第１通路
９に臨む，複数の開口部１４よりなる少なくとも１つの
水素出入口Ｅと，冷却用流体を流通させるべく，軸線回
りに在ってその軸線方向に延びる第３通路１９と，収容
部Ｓを加熱すべく，一方の開口部２４を第２通路１０
に，また他方の開口部２６を第３通路１９にそれぞれ連
通させると共に前記触媒を持つ少なくとも１つの第４通
路２３とを有する。As a result, each of the hydrogen storage tubular bodies 3 faces the accommodating portion S composed of the plurality of annular cases 15 containing the hydrogen storage material 12 and at least one first passage 9 on the outer peripheral side. At least one hydrogen inlet / outlet E comprising a plurality of openings 14, a third passage 19 extending around the axis and extending in the axial direction for flowing the cooling fluid, and one for heating the accommodation portion S. Opening 24 of the second passage 10
And at least one fourth passage 23 which communicates the other opening 26 with the third passage 19 and has the catalyst.
【００１５】図７に示すように，断熱ハウジング２には
各第１通路９，各第２通路１０および各第３通路１９に
それぞれ連通する第１導管２７，第２−１，第２−２導
管２８１，２８２および第３導管２９が付設され，図に
は省略したが，これらの導管２７，２８１，２８２，２
９には所定位置に所定の弁が設けられている。実施例で
は，図１，左右方向に並ぶ２列の第１通路９に対応する
２本の第１導管２７が蓋体７外面（実際は断熱層５外
面，これは以下同じ）に配設される。各第１導管２７は
吸蔵される水素の導入および放出された水素の導出に兼
用される。第２−１導管２８１は２本の導入管部３０お
よび２本の導出管部３１を有する。２本の導入管部３０
は燃焼用水素の供給に用いられるもので，それぞれ図
１，左右方向に並ぶ２列の第２通路１０に対応して蓋体
７外面に配設される。一方，２本の導出管部３１は，そ
れぞれ図１，左右方向に並ぶ２列の第２通路１０に対応
して器体本体６の底壁外面（実際は断熱層５外面，これ
は以下同じ）に配設される。２本の第２−２導管２８２
は水素燃焼用空気（酸素）の供給に用いられるもので，
それぞれ図１，左右方向に並ぶ２列の第２通路１０に対
応して蓋体７外面に配設される。第３導管２９は３本の
導入管部３２および３本の導出管部３３を有する。３本
の導入管部３２は，それぞれ図１，左右方向に並ぶ３列
の第３通路１９に対応して蓋体７外面に配設される。一
方，３本の導出管部３３は，それぞれ図１，左右方向に
並ぶ３列の第３通路９に対応して器体本体６の底壁外面
に配設される。As shown in FIG. 7, a first conduit 27 communicating with each of the first passages 9, each of the second passages 10 and each of the third passages 19 in the heat insulating housing 2, a 2-1 and a 2-2, respectively. Conduits 281, 282 and a third conduit 29 are provided, and these conduits 27, 281, 282, 2
9 is provided with a predetermined valve at a predetermined position. In the embodiment, two first conduits 27 corresponding to two rows of the first passages 9 arranged in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 are disposed on the outer surface of the lid 7 (actually, the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 5 and the same hereinafter). . Each of the first conduits 27 is also used for introducing the stored hydrogen and extracting the released hydrogen. The 2-1 conduit 281 has two inlet pipes 30 and two outlet pipes 31. Two introduction pipe sections 30
Are used for supplying hydrogen for combustion, and are arranged on the outer surface of the lid 7 corresponding to the two rows of second passages 10 arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG. On the other hand, the two outlet pipe portions 31 correspond to the two rows of the second passages 10 arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG. 1, respectively, and correspond to the outer surface of the bottom wall of the main body 6 (actually, the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 5; It is arranged in. Two 2-2 conduits 282
Is used to supply air (oxygen) for hydrogen combustion.
The two passages 10 are arranged on the outer surface of the lid 7 corresponding to the two rows of the second passages 10 arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG. The third conduit 29 has three inlet pipes 32 and three outlet pipes 33. The three introduction pipe portions 32 are disposed on the outer surface of the lid 7 corresponding to the three rows of the third passages 19 arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG. On the other hand, the three outlet pipe portions 33 are arranged on the outer surface of the bottom wall of the main body 6 corresponding to the three rows of the third passages 9 arranged in the horizontal direction in FIG.
【００１６】冷却用流体の導入管部３２と，燃焼用水素
の導入管部３０および空気用第２−２導管２８２とは，
第２通路１０，第３通路１９およびそれら両通路１０，
１９間に在る加熱−冷却体１６の第４通路２３（便宜
上，線で示す）により形成される中継路を介して相互に
連通する。冷却用流体としては，水，空気等が用いられ
る。The cooling fluid introduction pipe 32, the combustion hydrogen introduction pipe 30 and the air 2-2 conduit 282
The second passage 10, the third passage 19, and both passages 10,
They communicate with each other via a relay path formed by a fourth passage 23 (shown as a line for convenience) of the heating / cooling body 16 located between the 19. Water, air, or the like is used as the cooling fluid.
【００１７】両第１導管２７は，接続管３４を介して水
電解装置，改質器等の水素供給源３５に接続されると共
にその接続管３４から分岐する分岐管３６を介して燃料
電池等の水素を燃料とする機器３７に接続される。接続
管３４において，その分岐部および水素供給源３５間に
第１二方弁３８が，また分岐管３６において，前記分岐
部および機器３７間に，その分岐部側より第２二方弁３
９および水素分配器４０がそれぞれ装置される。The first conduits 27 are connected to a hydrogen supply source 35 such as a water electrolyzer and a reformer via a connecting pipe 34, and are connected via a branch pipe 36 branched from the connecting pipe 34 to a fuel cell or the like. Is connected to a device 37 using hydrogen as fuel. In the connecting pipe 34, a first two-way valve 38 is provided between the branch and the hydrogen supply source 35, and in the branch pipe 36, between the branch and the equipment 37, the second two-way valve 3 is provided from the side of the branch.
9 and a hydrogen distributor 40 are respectively provided.
【００１８】また第２−１導管２８１の両導入管部３０
は接続管４１を介して高圧水素タンク４２に接続され，
その接続管４１には，導入管部３０側より三方弁４３お
よび第３二方弁４４が装置される。三方弁４３の残りの
１つのポートは接続管４５を介して水素分配器４０に接
続される。Also, the two inlet pipe sections 30 of the 2-1 conduit 281
Is connected to a high-pressure hydrogen tank 42 via a connection pipe 41,
The connection pipe 41 is provided with a three-way valve 43 and a third two-way valve 44 from the introduction pipe section 30 side. The remaining one port of the three-way valve 43 is connected to the hydrogen distributor 40 via the connection pipe 45.
【００１９】さらに両第２−２導管２８２は接続管４６
を介して高圧酸素タンクとしての高圧空気タンク４７に
接続され，その接続管４６に第４二方弁４８が装置され
る。Further, both the 2-2 conduits 282 are connected to the connecting pipe 46.
Is connected to a high-pressure air tank 47 as a high-pressure oxygen tank, and a fourth two-way valve 48 is provided in a connection pipe 46 thereof.
【００２０】第３導管２９の３本の導入管部３２は接続
管４９を介して冷却用流体供給源５０の供給側に，また
３本の導出管部３３および第２−１導管２８１の両導出
管部３１は接続管５１を介して冷却用流体供給源５０の
戻り側にそれぞれ接続されている。The three inlet pipes 32 of the third conduit 29 are connected to the supply side of the cooling fluid supply source 50 via the connecting pipe 49, and are connected to the three outlet pipes 33 and both of the 2-1 conduit 281. The outlet pipe section 31 is connected to the return side of the cooling fluid supply source 50 via the connection pipe 51.
【００２１】次に，水素貯蔵装置１による水素の吸蔵お
よび水素の放出について説明する。Next, the storage and release of hydrogen by the hydrogen storage device 1 will be described.
【００２２】Ａ．水素の吸蔵 図８に示すように，冷却用流体供給源５０から第３導管
２９の各導入管部３２に冷却用流体を供給し，また各第
１二方弁３８が「開」，第２二方弁３９が「閉」にて，
水素供給源３５から第１導管２７に水素を供給する。冷
却用流体は，接続管４９→導入管部３２→第３通路１９
→導出管部３３→接続管５１→冷却用流体供給源５０の
経路および第３通路１９→加熱−冷却体１６の第４通路
２３→第２通路１０→第２−１導管２８１の導出管部３
１→接続管５１→冷却用流体供給源５０の経路で流通す
る。第１通路９から加熱−冷却体１６内への水素の流入
はマスクｍにより阻止される。A. As shown in FIG. 8, the cooling fluid is supplied from the cooling fluid supply source 50 to each of the introduction pipe portions 32 of the third conduit 29, and the first two-way valves 38 are opened and the second two-way valves 38 are opened. When the two-way valve 39 is closed
Hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen supply source 35 to the first conduit 27. The cooling fluid is supplied from the connecting pipe 49 → the introducing pipe section 32 → the third passage 19
→ Outlet pipe part 33 → Connection pipe 51 → Path and third passage 19 of cooling fluid supply source 50 → Fourth passage 23 of heating / cooling body 16 → Second passage 10 → Outlet pipe part of 2-1 conduit 281 3
1 → the connecting pipe 51 → the cooling fluid supply source 50. The flow of hydrogen from the first passage 9 into the heating / cooling body 16 is prevented by the mask m.
【００２３】この場合，１つの第１通路９に対応する１
つの水素出入り口Ｅは水素貯蔵用筒状体３の外周側に在
るので，その軸線回りに吸蔵用水素等の通路を設けた場
合に比べて，単位容積当りの水素吸蔵放出面積を大にす
ることが可能であり，これにより単位容積当りの水素吸
蔵量を増加させることができる。In this case, one 1 corresponding to one first passage 9
Since the two hydrogen inlets / outlets E are located on the outer peripheral side of the hydrogen storage cylindrical body 3, the hydrogen storage / release area per unit volume is increased as compared with the case where a passage for storage hydrogen or the like is provided around the axis thereof. It is possible to increase the hydrogen storage capacity per unit volume.
【００２４】また各水素貯蔵用筒状体３の軸線回りには
冷却用流体が流通する第３通路１９が在ると共に各環状
ユニットＵの上，下部には，冷却用流体が流通する，広
い伝熱面積を備えた加熱−冷却体１６が在るので水素貯
蔵材１２が効率良く冷却され，一方，水素吸蔵時におい
ては，外周側から軸線側に向って水素の吸蔵が進行する
関係から，その水素吸蔵に伴う発生熱が水素未吸蔵の水
素貯蔵材１２を通じて第３通路１９の冷却用流体へスム
ーズに伝播され，これにより水素貯蔵材１２における蓄
熱が回避される。Around the axis of each hydrogen storage tubular body 3, there is a third passage 19 through which a cooling fluid flows, and above and below each annular unit U, a wide cooling fluid through which a cooling fluid flows. Since the heating-cooling body 16 having the heat transfer area is present, the hydrogen storage material 12 is efficiently cooled. On the other hand, at the time of hydrogen storage, hydrogen storage proceeds from the outer peripheral side toward the axis side. The heat generated due to the storage of hydrogen is smoothly transmitted to the cooling fluid in the third passage 19 through the hydrogen storage material 12 that has not stored hydrogen, whereby heat storage in the hydrogen storage material 12 is avoided.
【００２５】このような装置１によれば，水素吸蔵速度
を向上させると共に水素吸蔵量を増加させることができ
る。また水素貯蔵材１２から冷却用流体への発生熱の伝
播効率がよいので，第３通路１９の小径化を図り，水素
貯蔵材１２の増量が可能である。According to such an apparatus 1, the hydrogen storage speed can be increased and the hydrogen storage amount can be increased. In addition, since the generated heat is efficiently transmitted from the hydrogen storage material 12 to the cooling fluid, the diameter of the third passage 19 can be reduced, and the amount of the hydrogen storage material 12 can be increased.
【００２６】Ｂ．水素の放出 図９に示すように，第２−１導管２８１の各導出管部３
１の入口側を閉じ，また第１二方弁３８を「閉」，第２
二方弁３９を「開」にした状態において，三方弁４３の
高圧水素タンク４２側への切換および第３二方弁４４が
「開」にて，高圧水素を接続管４１および導入管部３０
を介して各第２通路１０に供給する。同時に第４二方弁
４８が「開」にて，高圧空気を接続管４６および第２−
２導管２８２を介して各第２通路１０に供給する。高圧
水素および高圧空気は加熱−冷却体１６の第４通路２３
に流入して，触媒の存在下で水素が燃焼し，その燃焼熱
が広い伝熱面積を備えた加熱−冷却体１６を介して水素
貯蔵材１２に伝達されて，その水素貯蔵材１２が効率良
く加熱され，これにより水素の放出が迅速に行われる。
水素の放出が定常状態になった後は，三方弁４３を水素
分配器４０側へ切換えると共に第３二方弁４４を閉じて
水素分配器４０により振分けられた放出水素の一部を燃
焼用水素として用いる。B. Release of Hydrogen As shown in FIG.
1 is closed, the first two-way valve 38 is closed,
When the two-way valve 39 is opened, the three-way valve 43 is switched to the high-pressure hydrogen tank 42 side and the third two-way valve 44 is opened, and the high-pressure hydrogen is supplied to the connection pipe 41 and the introduction pipe section 30.
Is supplied to each of the second passages 10. At the same time, when the fourth two-way valve 48 is “open”, high-pressure air is
It is supplied to each second passage 10 via two conduits 282. The high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure air pass through the fourth passage 23 of the heating-cooling body 16.
And the hydrogen is burned in the presence of the catalyst, and the heat of combustion is transferred to the hydrogen storage material 12 via the heating / cooling body 16 having a large heat transfer area, and the hydrogen storage material 12 It is well heated, so that hydrogen is released quickly.
After the hydrogen release reaches a steady state, the three-way valve 43 is switched to the hydrogen distributor 40 and the third two-way valve 44 is closed to release part of the released hydrogen distributed by the hydrogen distributor 40 for combustion hydrogen. Used as
【００２７】第２通路１０から環状ケース１５内への高
圧水素および高圧空気の流入は外周壁１３により阻止さ
れる。このような燃焼反応により生じた水蒸気は第３通
路１９，第３導管２９の導入管部３２および接続管４９
を経て冷却用流体供給源５０に，また第２通路１０内で
前記燃焼反応が生じたことにより，その第２通路１０内
に溜った水は導出管部３１の入口側を開くことによって
冷却用流体供給源５０に，さらに第３通路１９内で生じ
た水は導出管部３３を経て冷却用流体供給源５０にそれ
ぞれ送られる。The inflow of high-pressure hydrogen and high-pressure air from the second passage 10 into the annular case 15 is prevented by the outer peripheral wall 13. The steam generated by such a combustion reaction is supplied to the third passage 19, the introduction pipe portion 32 of the third conduit 29, and the connection pipe 49.
As a result of the combustion reaction occurring in the cooling fluid supply source 50 through the second passage 10 and in the second passage 10, the water accumulated in the second passage 10 is opened by opening the inlet side of the outlet pipe portion 31 to cool the cooling passage. Water generated in the fluid supply source 50 and further in the third passage 19 is sent to the cooling fluid supply source 50 through the outlet pipe portion 33, respectively.
【００２８】また水素の吸蔵時において，第２通路１０
および第２−１導管２８１の導出管部３１を冷却用流体
の排出路として用い，一方，水素の放出時においては，
第３通路１９および第３導管２９の導入管部３２を水蒸
気の排出路として用いると，構造の簡素化を図ることが
できる。When hydrogen is stored, the second passage 10
And the outlet pipe section 31 of the 2-1 conduit 281 is used as a discharge path for the cooling fluid.
When the third passage 19 and the introduction pipe portion 32 of the third conduit 29 are used as a steam discharge passage, the structure can be simplified.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば前記のように構成するこ
とによって，単位容積当りの水素吸蔵量を増加し，また
水素吸蔵効率を向上させ，さらに装置全体の水素吸蔵量
の増減が簡単で，その上，水素の放出を迅速に行うこと
が可能であると共に構造の簡素化を図られた水素貯蔵装
置を提供することができる。According to the present invention, with the above-described structure, the hydrogen storage amount per unit volume can be increased, the hydrogen storage efficiency can be improved, and the hydrogen storage amount of the entire apparatus can be easily increased and decreased. In addition, it is possible to provide a hydrogen storage device capable of rapidly releasing hydrogen and simplifying the structure.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図１】蓋体を取外した水素貯蔵装置の平面図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view of a hydrogen storage device with a lid removed.
【図２】水素貯蔵用筒状体を集合した状態を示す斜視図
である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the hydrogen storage tubular bodies are assembled.
【図３】水素貯蔵用筒状体の斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a tubular body for hydrogen storage.
【図４】水素貯蔵用筒状体の要部縦断面図で，図５の４
−４線断面図に相当する。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of the tubular body for hydrogen storage,
-4 line sectional view.
【図５】水素貯蔵用筒状体を集合したものの要部横断平
面図で，図４の５−５線断面図に相当する。5 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of a set of tubular hydrogen storage bodies, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG.
【図６】水素貯蔵用筒状体を集合したものの要部横断平
面図で，図４の６−６線断面図に相当する。6 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of a set of tubular bodies for hydrogen storage, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG.
【図７】蓋体および配管の概略平面図である。FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a lid and piping.
【図８】水素の吸蔵時における水素および冷却用流体の
流れを示す説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing flows of hydrogen and a cooling fluid when hydrogen is stored.
【図９】水素の放出時における水素ならびに燃焼用水素
および空気の流れを示す説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing flows of hydrogen, combustion hydrogen, and air when hydrogen is released.
１……………水素貯蔵装置 ２……………断熱ハウジング ３……………水素貯蔵用筒状体 ８……………線接触外周部 ９……………第１通路 １０…………第２通路 １２…………水素貯蔵材 １５…………環状ケース １６…………加熱−冷却体 １９…………第３通路 ２３…………第４通路 ２４…………開口部 ２６…………開口部 ２７…………第１導管 ２８１………第２−１導管 ２８２………第２−２導管 ２９…………第３導管 Ｅ……………水素出入口 Ｓ……………収容部 Ｕ……………環状ユニット DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydrogen storage device 2 ... Heat insulation housing 3 ... Hydrogen storage cylindrical body 8 ... Wire contact outer peripheral part 9 ... First passage 10 ... ... Second passage 12 Hydrogen storage material 15 Annular case 16 Heating / cooling body 19 Third passage 23 Fourth passage 24 ... Opening 26... Opening 27... First conduit 281... 2-1 conduit 282. Hydrogen inlet / outlet S ………… Housing unit U …………… Circular unit
Claims (6)
複数の水素貯蔵用筒状体（３）を，それらの軸線が平行
し，且つ相隣る両筒状体（３）の外周部が線接触するよ
うに並べて，各線接触外周部（８）を接合することによ
り形成された，３つ以上の線接触外周部（８）により囲
まれる複数の空間を有し，１つの線接触外周部（８）両
側の一方の空間は，吸蔵用水素および放出水素を流通さ
せる第１通路（９）として，また他方の空間は燃焼用水
素および酸素を流通させる第２通路（１０）としてそれ
ぞれ機能し，各水素貯蔵用筒状体（３）は，水素貯蔵材
（１２）を内蔵する収容部（Ｓ）と，外周側に在って少
なくとも１つの前記第１通路（９）に臨む少なくとも１
つの水素出入口（Ｅ）と，前記水素貯蔵材（１２）を冷
却するための冷却用流体を流通させるべく，軸線回りに
在ってその軸線方向に延びる第３通路（１９）と，前記
水素貯蔵材（１２）を加熱すべく，開口部（２４）を前
記第２通路（１０）に連通させると共に水素および酸素
の燃焼反応を促進する触媒を持つ少なくとも１つの第４
通路（２３）とを有することを特徴とする水素貯蔵装
置。1. A plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders (3) that occlude hydrogen and release hydrogen are formed on outer peripheral portions of adjacent cylinders (3) whose axes are parallel and adjacent to each other. Have a plurality of spaces surrounded by three or more line contact outer peripheral portions (8), formed by joining the respective line contact outer peripheral portions (8) so as to make line contact. One space on both sides of the portion (8) functions as a first passage (9) for flowing hydrogen for storage and release, and the other space functions as a second passage (10) for flowing hydrogen and oxygen for combustion. Each of the hydrogen storage tubular bodies (3) has at least one storage portion (S) containing a hydrogen storage material (12) and at least one first passage (9) on the outer peripheral side facing the at least one first passage (9).
Two hydrogen inlets / outlets (E), a third passageway (19) extending around the axis and extending in the axial direction for flowing a cooling fluid for cooling the hydrogen storage material (12); In order to heat the material (12), the opening (24) communicates with the second passage (10) and at least one fourth catalyst having a catalyst for promoting the combustion reaction of hydrogen and oxygen.
A hydrogen storage device having a passage (23).
０）はそれぞれ３つの前記水素貯蔵用筒状体（３）によ
り形成されている，請求項１記載の水素貯蔵装置。2. Each of the first passages (9) and each of the second passages (1).
2. A hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, wherein each of said hydrogen storage tubes is formed by three of said hydrogen storage cylinders.
熱ハウジング（２）内に密閉され，その断熱ハウジング
（２）に，各第１通路（９），各第２通路（１０）およ
び各第３通路（１９）にそれぞれ連通する第１導管（２
７），第２導管（２８）および第３導管（２９）を付設
した，請求項１または２記載の水素貯蔵装置。3. A plurality of said hydrogen storage tubular bodies (3) are hermetically sealed in a heat insulating housing (2), and each of said first passages (9) and each of said second passages (10) are inserted into said heat insulating housing (2). ) And the first conduits (2) respectively communicating with the third passages (19).
7. The hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, further comprising a second conduit (28) and a third conduit (29).
（２６）は前記第３通路（１９）に連通する，請求項
１，２または３記載の水素貯蔵装置。4. The hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, wherein the other opening (26) of the fourth passage (23) communicates with the third passage (19).
れた複数の偏平な環状ユニット（Ｕ）を有し，各環状ユ
ニット（Ｕ）は，前記水素貯蔵材（１２）を内蔵し，且
つ少なくとも１つの前記水素出入口（１４）を有する環
状ケース（１５）と，その環状ケース（１５）の両外端
面にそれぞれ設けられて前記第４通路（２３）を有する
２つの環状加熱−冷却体（１６）とを有する，請求項
１，２，３または４記載の水素貯蔵装置。5. The hydrogen storage tubular body (3) has a plurality of laminated flat annular units (U), and each annular unit (U) incorporates the hydrogen storage material (12). And an annular case (15) having at least one hydrogen inlet / outlet (14), and two annular heaters provided at both outer end surfaces of the annular case (15) and having the fourth passage (23), respectively. 5. A hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, comprising a cooling body (16).
合金および炭素系吸着材から選択される一種であり，前
記触媒は，貴金属単体粉末および貴金属を主成分とする
粉末の一方である，請求項１，２，３，４または５記載
の水素貯蔵装置。6. The hydrogen storage material (12) is made of Mg, Mg
6. The hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is one selected from an alloy and a carbon-based adsorbent, and the catalyst is one of a noble metal simple powder and a powder containing a noble metal as a main component. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000115891A JP2001295997A (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2000-04-12 | Hydrogen storage device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000115891A JP2001295997A (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2000-04-12 | Hydrogen storage device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001295997A true JP2001295997A (en) | 2001-10-26 |
Family
ID=18627428
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000115891A Withdrawn JP2001295997A (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2000-04-12 | Hydrogen storage device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2001295997A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004138171A (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-05-13 | Seiji Kubo | Hydrogen storing method and storing system |
| DE102006027179A1 (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-12-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Fuel storage device for a motor vehicle operated with hydrogen |
| WO2017093522A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Hydrogen storage tank produced from a thermally insulating material forming cylindrical casings containing hydrides |
-
2000
- 2000-04-12 JP JP2000115891A patent/JP2001295997A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004138171A (en) * | 2002-10-18 | 2004-05-13 | Seiji Kubo | Hydrogen storing method and storing system |
| DE102006027179A1 (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2007-12-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Fuel storage device for a motor vehicle operated with hydrogen |
| WO2017093522A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Hydrogen storage tank produced from a thermally insulating material forming cylindrical casings containing hydrides |
| FR3044741A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-09 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | REVERSIBLE H2 STORAGE TANK WITH THERMALLY INSULATING PIECE FORMING A WRAP OF CYLINDRICAL ENVELOPES CONTAINING HYDRIDES |
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