JP2001275581A - Feed for culturing cephalopod - Google Patents

Feed for culturing cephalopod

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Publication number
JP2001275581A
JP2001275581A JP2000094365A JP2000094365A JP2001275581A JP 2001275581 A JP2001275581 A JP 2001275581A JP 2000094365 A JP2000094365 A JP 2000094365A JP 2000094365 A JP2000094365 A JP 2000094365A JP 2001275581 A JP2001275581 A JP 2001275581A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
feed
test
feeding
length
cephalopods
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2000094365A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeshi Kondo
毅 近藤
Retsu Nakamura
烈 中村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nihon Nosan Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nihon Nosan Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nihon Nosan Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Nihon Nosan Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP2000094365A priority Critical patent/JP2001275581A/en
Publication of JP2001275581A publication Critical patent/JP2001275581A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop an adequate feed for culturing cephalopods. SOLUTION: The purpose is attained by specifying the shape, the color and the sedimentation velocity of the feed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】頭足類養殖用の飼料に関す
る。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a feed for cephalopod cultivation.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】頭足類(ヤリイカ、アオリイカ、コウイ
カ、マダコ、イイダコ、ミズダコ等)を飼育すること
は、実験レベルで行われてきたが、飼育に関する技術的
な問題が多く、養殖等の産業規模で展開していないのが
現状である。
2. Description of the Related Art Breeding cephalopods (squid, blue-green squid, squid, octopus, lobster, wild octopus, etc.) has been carried out at an experimental level, but there are many technical problems related to breeding, and there are many industries such as aquaculture. At present, it is not deployed on a scale.

【0003】特に大きい技術的な問題としては、餌飼料
に関する問題がある。現在の技術では、初期飼料として
生きたアミ類や小型魚を供与し、中間育成時から小型鮮
魚、切り身等に慣らしていく方法が一般的である。しか
し、大量生産を目的とする場合、このような飼育方法で
は飼料の供給が不安定であること、鮮魚主体の飼料では
頭足類の要求する栄養を満たすことが困難であること等
から、適切な配合飼料の開発が必須の条件となってい
る。
[0003] A particularly significant technical problem is the problem with feed. In the current technology, a method is generally used in which live mysids and small fish are provided as an initial feed and the small fresh fish and fillets are used from the time of intermediate breeding. However, for the purpose of mass production, such a breeding method is not suitable due to the unstable supply of feed, and the difficulty in satisfying the nutrition required by cephalopods with fresh fish-based feed. The development of a compound feed is an essential condition.

【0004】中でも共食いによる大量減耗の問題は深刻
である。これは、頭足類の視覚が発達していること、孵
化後10日目以降になると餌飼料の捕捉能力が向上する
こと、他個体が摂餌している餌飼料が摂餌可能なものと
認識できる能力が備わっていること等から、摂餌してい
る他個体の行動に興味を示し、餌飼料の取り合いとな
り、最終的には共食いにまで至る現象である。
In particular, the problem of mass depletion due to cannibalism is serious. This means that the vision of the cephalopods is developing, the ability to capture food is improved after 10 days after hatching, and that the foods that other individuals are eating can be consumed. Because of their ability to recognize, they are interested in the behavior of other individuals who are eating, are in a struggle for food, and eventually cannibalize.

【0005】共食いの問題は、ナマズやハタ類等の魚類
でも見られるが、頭足類の場合疲弊した個体や、小さい
個体に限定されず、摂餌している個体が共食いの対象と
なることが多く、給餌方法や餌飼料のサイズによって
は、1日で70〜80%の減耗が起こる場合もある。
[0005] The problem of cannibalism is also observed in fish such as catfish and groupers. However, in the case of cephalopods, not only individuals that are exhausted or small individuals but also those who feed are targets for cannibalism. Depending on the feeding method and the size of the feed, 70% to 80% loss may occur in one day.

【0006】頭足類の摂餌形態を説明すると、頭足類の
多くは極めて攻撃的な肉食性であり、摂餌様式はまず視
覚(動き、色彩)によって餌を認識し摂餌行動を起し、
次ぎに2本の触腕を用い餌を捕らえ引き寄せ餌としての
最終確認をする2行程からなり、この2行程で餌として認
知されなければ、たとえ触腕で捕獲しても摂餌すること
なく離してしまう習性がある。また、摂餌の際も、腕中
央部に位置する口器の上顎、下顎(カラストンビ)を用
いて齧り取るように切り裂き、卸金のような歯舌で擂り
潰しながら摂餌するためモイストペレット等の飼料は、
効率よく頭足類に摂取されない問題がある。
[0006] Explaining the feeding form of cephalopods, most of the cephalopods are extremely aggressive carnivores, and the feeding style is to recognize the food by visual sense (movement, color) and initiate the feeding behavior. And
Next, it consists of two steps, using two tentacles to capture the food and confirm it as a final bait, and if it is not recognized as food in these two steps, even if it is captured with the tentacles, release it without feeding. There is a habit of doing. Also, when feeding, use the upper and lower jaw (Karastombi) of the mouth device located in the center of the arm to tear it open and moist pellets, etc. to feed while grinding with a tongue like a wholesaler The feed is
There is a problem that cephalopods do not ingest it efficiently.

【0007】さらに、頭足類は視覚が発達しているため
摂餌している個体がいると、他個体がその行動に興味を
示し餌飼料の取り合いとなり、最終的には共食いまで発
展することがある等給餌上の問題もある。
[0007] In addition, if cephalopods have visual development, if there is an individual who feeds, other individuals will be interested in their behavior and will compete for food, eventually developing to cannibalism. There are also feeding problems.

【0008】このように、口の大きさが餌飼料の大きさ
の制限となる魚類に比べ、頭足類は相対的にかなり大型
の餌飼料まで餌として捕食可能であると言う非常に特異
な摂餌形態を持っている。以上のような問題を解決し
て、頭足類を効率的に養殖できる飼料の開発が望まれて
いる。
[0008] Thus, compared to fish whose mouth size limits the size of the bait, cephalopods are very unique in that they can prey up to relatively large baits as baits. Has a feeding form. It has been desired to develop a feed capable of efficiently cultivating cephalopods by solving the above problems.

【0009】[0009]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は、頭足類の養
殖にあたって、好適な飼料の開発を課題とする。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to develop a suitable feed for cultivation of cephalopods.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記課題を
解決すべく鋭意努力した結果、飼料の形態、色彩、原料
等を工夫することにより解決できることを見出した。
Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has made intensive efforts to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, has found that it can be solved by devising the form, color, raw material and the like of the feed.

【0011】すなわち、本発明は、 〔1〕長辺(長さ)を1とすると、短辺を0.1〜0.5、厚さ
(直径)を0.1〜0.3に形成したことを特徴とする頭足類用
飼料。 〔2〕長辺(長さ)が頭足類の外套長の30〜100%であ
ることを特徴とする〔1〕記載の頭足類用飼料。 〔3〕飼料の沈降スピードが1〜7cm/secであること
を特徴とする〔1〕又は〔2〕記載の頭足類用飼料。 〔4〕赤色、緑色又は反射色をしていることを特徴とす
る〔1〕、〔2〕又は〔3〕記載の頭足類用飼料。に関
する。
That is, according to the present invention, [1] assuming that the long side (length) is 1, the short side is 0.1 to 0.5, and the thickness is
A feed for cephalopods having a (diameter) of 0.1 to 0.3. [2] The feed for cephalopods according to [1], wherein the long side (length) is 30 to 100% of the mantle length of the cephalopod. [3] The feed for cephalopods according to [1] or [2], wherein the settling speed of the feed is 1 to 7 cm / sec. [4] The feed for cephalopods according to [1], [2] or [3], which has a red, green or reflective color. About.

【0012】本発明は、まず飼料の形態、形状を特徴付
けることによって、沈降形態を緩慢かつ特異な状態と
し、さらに着色せしめることにより頭足類に興味を抱か
せ、触腕を用いた最初の摂餌行動による捕獲までの行程
の条件を満たすことを特徴としている。その上で生原料
を添加することにより、飼料捕獲後触腕による感触で餌
としての可否を判断する条件を満たすことを特徴として
いる。更に生原料に熱を加えることによる凝固作用によ
って成型されるため取り扱いが容易であり、摂餌した際
の飼料の散逸を最小限に出来ること等の特徴も有してい
る。
According to the present invention, the morphology and shape of the feed are first characterized to make the sedimentation form slow and peculiar, and by coloring it, it is of interest to cephalopods. It is characterized by satisfying the conditions of the process up to capture by bait behavior. Then, by adding a raw material, it is characterized by satisfying a condition for judging whether or not it can be used as a bait by touching with a tentacle after capturing the feed. Further, the raw material is molded by a coagulation action by applying heat to the raw material, so that it is easy to handle and has a feature that the dissipation of the feed at the time of feeding can be minimized.

【0013】頭足類は前述したような摂餌形態をとるた
め、飼料は緩慢にかつ特異的な沈降形態を演出した方が
効果的である。そこで従来の魚類養殖で用いられるよう
な短い円柱状あるいは団子状の飼料では、直線的に落下
していくだけで、摂餌意欲を沸かせないので、短冊状、
棒状、円筒状でやや非対称的に成形することが好ましい
が、中でも短冊状でやや凸面状(瓦状)に成形したもの
が効果的であることがわかった。
Since cephalopods take the above-mentioned feeding form, it is more effective for the feed to produce a slow and specific sedimentation form. Therefore, short columnar or dumpling-shaped feeds used in conventional fish farming simply fall down in a straight line and do not excite the willingness to feed.
It is preferable that the rod-shaped or cylindrical shape is slightly asymmetrically formed, but a strip-shaped and slightly convex (tile-shaped) shape is particularly effective.

【0014】飼料の大きさについては、他個体からの略
奪を免れる大きさが好ましいので、頭足類の外套長の30
〜100%、もしくは触腕の長さの70〜100%であれば、摂
餌個体は触腕もしくは腕で飼料を包み込むことが可能で
あるため、飼料の取り合い等、他個体の妨害を回避する
ことが可能となる。沈降スピードは、可能な限り緩慢な
ほうが良いが、1〜10cm/secで頭足類の飼料として有効
であり、望ましくは1〜7cm/secである。
As for the size of the feed, it is preferable that the size of the feed avoids looting from other individuals.
100100%, or 70-100% of the length of the tentacle, allows the feeding individual to wrap the feed in the tentacle or arm, thus avoiding interference with other individuals, such as food sharing It becomes possible. The sedimentation speed should be as slow as possible, but 1 to 10 cm / sec is effective as a feed for cephalopods, preferably 1 to 7 cm / sec.

【0015】次に飼料の色彩については、赤色系、緑色
系に着色すると摂餌行動を刺激することがわかった。ま
た、銀色等の反射色も好ましく、特に太刀魚の鱗粉を噴
霧して銀色を着けると飼料として違和感の無いものとな
る。赤色系としては、波長が550〜800nmの橙〜赤色まで
使用することが出来、緑色系としては、波長450〜600nm
のものが効果的である。なお、黒色等の暗い色は好まれ
ない。
Next, regarding the color of the feed, it was found that the coloring of red or green color stimulated the feeding behavior. In addition, a reflection color such as silver is also preferable. In particular, spraying scales of a swordfish to give it a silver color makes the feed free of discomfort. As a red type, it can be used from orange to red with a wavelength of 550 to 800 nm, and as a green type, a wavelength of 450 to 600 nm
Are effective. Note that dark colors such as black are not preferred.

【0016】生原料については、魚肉、貝肉、イカ肉、
蓄肉等いずれでもよいが、食用加工残滓を用いれば廃棄
物の有効利用となる。生原料の添加率は、飼料全体の40
〜90%が好ましい。生原料以外としては、加工時の成形
性、嗜好性を考慮すると、カゼイン、澱粉、CMC、アル
ギン酸等の粘結剤を3〜20%。魚粉、イカミール、ミー
トミール、ミートボーンミール、チキンミール等を5〜
40%。魚油、イカ肝油等の油脂を3〜20%。さらにオキ
アミ、酵母等のエキスを数%加えることが好ましい。造
粒方法としては、加熱による蛋白凝固が最も好ましい
が、通常の遠赤外線による加熱、蒸気、エクストルーダ
ー加工の工程をとる方法や加温した油脂もしくは水にて
加熱凝固せしめる方法でもよい。
The raw materials include fish, shellfish, squid,
Either meat storage or the like may be used, but if edible processing residues are used, waste can be effectively used. The raw material addition rate is 40%
~ 90% is preferred. Except for raw materials, 3-20% of binders such as casein, starch, CMC, and alginic acid are used in consideration of moldability and taste during processing. Fish meal, squid meal, meat meal, meat bone meal, chicken meal, etc.
40%. 3-20% fats and oils such as fish oil and squid liver oil. Further, it is preferable to add several percent of an extract such as krill and yeast. As the granulation method, protein coagulation by heating is most preferable, but a method of ordinary heating with far infrared rays, steam, extruder processing, or a method of heat coagulation with heated oil or water may be used.

【0017】[0017]

【発明の実施の形態】〔実施例1〕飼料の縦横比の差異
による餌の取り合い割合の検討方法 *供試個体 アオリイカ (外套長20mm、全長38mm) *100Lパンライト水槽6基使用 各水槽にアオリイカ50個体ずつ収容 * 試験飼料の作製方法 飼料は、タラのすり身に食塩を3%、澱粉7%添加し、
よく練ったものをスチームで約3分加熱したものを表1
のような縦横比に切断し、供試飼料とした。なお供試飼
料の縦の長さは、供試固体の外套長の約70%(14mm)
となるように調整した。ここに示す取り合い率は、各条
件において捕捉した個体を100%とした場合の、取り
合いを行っている個体群の割合を示す。
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [Example 1] A method of examining the proportion of feed by the difference in the aspect ratio of the feed * Test individual Aoriika (jacket length 20 mm, total length 38 mm) * 6 100L panlight tanks are used. Housed 50 Aori squids * Method of preparing test feed For feed, add 3% salt and 7% starch to cod surimi,
Table 1 shows what was well kneaded and heated for about 3 minutes with steam.
The test feed was cut to the aspect ratio as shown in FIG. The vertical length of the test feed is about 70% (14 mm) of the jacket length of the test solid.
It was adjusted to be. The competition rate shown here indicates the proportion of the group of individuals in competition when the captured individuals under each condition are defined as 100%.

【0018】[0018]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0019】このようにして成形された供試飼料は、弾
力に富んだ物性を保有し沈降スピードは概ね5cm/secで
あった。6基の水槽に対し各々異なった供試飼料を供与
し摂餌率ならびに取合い率を求めた。なお各区の給餌回
数は1日2回給餌の延べ4日間、計8食行い、その平均値を
求めた。
The test feed formed in this way had physical properties rich in elasticity and the sedimentation speed was about 5 cm / sec. Different test feeds were provided to each of the six aquariums, and the feeding rate and the intercourse rate were determined. The number of feedings in each section was twice a day for a total of 4 meals for 4 days, and the average value was calculated.

【0020】結果 これらの試験飼料を用いた縦横比の差異による餌の取り
合い割合について検討した結果を表2に示す。
Results Table 2 shows the results of a study on the ratio of the feeds obtained by using these test feeds, based on the difference in aspect ratio.

【0021】[0021]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0022】1区及び3区のような、細長い棒状の餌に対
しては、摂餌率60%以上、取合い率20%以下、2
区、4区及び5区のような細長い板状の飼料に対して
は、摂餌率70%以上、取合い率30%以下と摂餌個体
が他個体からの飼料の横取り等の妨害を受けることなく
摂餌できた。
For a long bar-shaped bait such as the first and third sections, the feeding rate is 60% or more and the association rate is 20% or less.
The feeding rate is 70% or more and the mixing rate is 30% or less for slender plate-shaped feeds such as in section 4, section 4 and section 5; They could feed without.

【0023】一方、6区のような縦に対して横、厚さが
50%の太い棒状の飼料は、摂餌率が50%以下と低
く、かつ取合い率が50%以上となっており、7区、8
区及び10区のような正方形に近い板状の飼料は摂餌率
は60%以上であるが、取合い率は70%以上で、ま
た、9区、11区及び12区のようなサイコロ状に近い
飼料は、殆ど摂餌されることなく水槽に沈んだ。
On the other hand, a thick bar-shaped feed having a thickness of 50% in the horizontal and vertical directions, such as the 6th section, has a low feeding rate of 50% or less, and a connection rate of 50% or more. 7 wards, 8
Feeding rate of plate-like near squares such as plots 10 and 10 is 60% or more, but the rate of contact is 70% or more. Near feed sunk into the aquarium with little feeding.

【0024】以上の結果から、摂餌率が良好でかつ飼料
の取り合いも少ない形態の飼料は、頭足類の腕及び触腕
によって包み隠されるような形態、つまり細長い棒状、
板状の形態が望ましく、腕及び触腕からはみ出るような
正方形の板状の飼料は、餌の取り合いから共食いに発展
し、また、太い棒状、サイコロ状の飼料は、飼料として
認知されにくいことが見出された。つまり、飼料の形態
は縦1に対して横は0.1~0.5、厚さは0.1~0.
3の比率に形成することが望ましい。
From the above results, it can be seen that a feed having a good feed rate and a low feed ratio is a form which is wrapped and hidden by the arms and tentacles of a cephalopod, that is, an elongated rod,
A plate-like form is desirable, a square plate-like feed that protrudes from the arms and tentacles develops from cannibalism to cannibalism, and a thick rod-shaped and dice-like feed can be hardly recognized as a feed. Was found. That is, the form of the feed is 0.1 to 0.5 horizontally and 1 to 0.
It is desirable to form them in a ratio of 3.

【0025】〔実施例2〕飼料の外套長に対する長さの
差異による餌の取り合い割合の検討方法 *供試固体 アオリイカ(稚イカ)(外套長20mm、
全長30mm) アオリイカ(幼イカ)(外套長70mm、全長160m
m) *稚イカ用水槽として100Lポリカーボネイト水槽、
幼イカ用として100 0L−角型FRP水槽を用いた。各水槽には掛け流し、
及びエアレーションの調整により水平方向の回転した水
流5~10cm/secをつけるように調整した。 *それぞれの水槽に稚アオリイカ30個体、幼アオリイ
カ10個体収容。 *試験飼料の作成方法 飼料は、魚粉20%、アジすり身60%、β澱粉14
%、食塩2%、ビタミンMIX2%、ミネラルMIX2
%を混合したものを、よく練り平板状に成形しスチーム
で約3分加熱し整形した。作成された試験飼料は、澱粉
のα化作用とすり身の熱凝固作用によって、弾力性を有
するかまぼこ状のものとなった。
[Example 2] Method of examining the proportion of feed for different lengths of the feed with respect to the length of the jacket * Sample solid Aori squid (young squid) (jacket length 20 mm,
Aori squid (young squid) (overcoat length 70 mm, total length 160 m)
m) * 100L polycarbonate aquarium for juvenile squid,
A 1000 L-square FRP water tank was used for juvenile squid. Flood into each aquarium,
In addition, by adjusting the aeration, it was adjusted so that a horizontal rotating water flow of 5 to 10 cm / sec was obtained. * 30 aquarium squids and 10 squid squids are accommodated in each aquarium. * Method of preparing test feed The feed consisted of 20% fishmeal, 60% horse mackerel, and 14 starch.
%, Salt 2%, vitamin MIX2%, mineral MIX2
% Of the mixture was kneaded, molded into a flat plate shape, and heated and shaped with steam for about 3 minutes. The prepared test feed became elastic and kamaboko-shaped due to the gelatinization action of starch and the heat coagulation action of the surimi.

【0026】この試験飼料を稚アオリイカに対しては、
短辺5mm、厚さ3mm、長辺を供試固体外套長の10
%、30%、50%、100%、150%、200%の
長さに切り、幼アオリイカに対しては、短辺10mm、
厚さ5mm、長辺を供試個体外套長の10%、30%、
50%、100%、150%、200%の長さに切った
ものを供試飼料とした。 *給餌方法は、試験個体数の半分の数量の供試飼料を与
え、各供試飼料の長さによる飼料の取り合い割合を求め
た。この結果を表3に示す。なお、ここに示す取合い率
は、各条件において捕捉した個体を100%とした場合
の、取合いを行っている個体群の割合を示す。
[0026] The test feed was used for
The short side is 5 mm, the thickness is 3 mm, and the long side is 10
%, 30%, 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200%.
5 mm thick, the long side is 10%, 30% of the test individual mantle length,
Samples cut to lengths of 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% were used as test feeds. * As for the feeding method, half of the number of test animals was supplied with the test feed, and the proportion of the feed for each test feed was determined. Table 3 shows the results. In addition, the agreement rate shown here shows the ratio of the group of individuals performing the agreement, when the individual captured under each condition is 100%.

【0027】[0027]

【表3】 [Table 3]

【0028】この結果から、外套長の10%の長さの飼
料を与えた場合、取合い率は低いものの、捕捉率も低い
ため、飼料として不適当である。長さが30~100%
では、捕捉率が概ね70%以上、取合い率も30%以下
であった。100%以上の場合は、取合い率の増大の傾
向がある。特に稚イカ(外套長20mm)の場合は、取
合いが激しく、この試験中においても、取り合いが共食
いに発展する事例が多く見られた。
According to the results, when a feed having a length of 10% of the coat length is given, the feed rate is low, but the catching rate is low, so that the feed is unsuitable. 30-100% in length
In this case, the capture rate was about 70% or more and the take-up rate was 30% or less. If it is 100% or more, there is a tendency for the winning rate to increase. In particular, in the case of juvenile squid (jacket length 20 mm), the connection was intense, and even during this test, there were many cases where the connection developed into cannibalism.

【0029】従って、飼料の長辺の長さは、供試固体の
外套長の30~100%の範囲内であれば、摂餌個体は
触腕もしくは腕で飼料を包み込むことが可能であるた
め、飼料の取り合い等他個体の妨害を回避することが可
能となることが見出された。
Therefore, if the length of the long side of the feed is within the range of 30 to 100% of the jacket length of the test solid, the feeding individual can wrap the feed with the touch arm or arm. It has been found that it is possible to avoid interference with other individuals such as sharing of feed.

【0030】〔実施例3〕沈降スピードによる摂餌選択
性の検討方法 *供試個体 アオリイカ (外套長70mm、全長150mm) コウイカ (外套長100mm、全長160mm) *500L−ポリプロピレン水槽2基使用(掛け流し、及
びエアレーションの調整により水平方向の回転した水流
5〜10cm/sec)。 *それぞれの水槽にアオリイカ10個体、コウイカ5個体
収容。 *試験飼料の作成方法 飼料は、魚粉20%、ブリフィーレ加工残犀すり身60%、
澱粉14%、食塩を2%、ビタミンMIX2%、ミネラルMIX2
%を混合したものを、よく練り平板状に成形しスチーム
で約2、3、5分と加熱時間を変えて整形した。
[Example 3] Investigation method of feeding selectivity by sedimentation speed * Test individual Aoriika (jacket length 70 mm, length 150 mm) Koika (jacket length 100 mm, length 160 mm) * Two 500 L-polypropylene tanks Horizontally rotated water flow 5-10 cm / sec by adjusting the sink and aeration). * Each aquarium accommodates 10 squid and 5 squid. * How to make the test feed The feed consists of 20% fish meal, 60% survived rhinoceros
Starch 14%, salt 2%, vitamin MIX2%, mineral MIX2
% Of the mixture was kneaded, molded into a flat plate shape, and shaped with steam for about 2, 3, 5 minutes while changing the heating time.

【0031】作成された試験飼料は、澱粉のα化作用と
すり身の熱凝固作用によって、弾力性を有する蒲鉾状の
ものとなった。また、加熱時間を変えることによって若
干沈降速度を調整することが可能となった。さらに試験
として使用可能な沈降速度に設定するため試験飼料の大
きさを各種作り適正な沈降速度(ここでの沈降速度と
は、塩分濃度3.4%の海水中に投入したときの1秒間に沈
降する長さを表す)の飼料を準備した。これらの試験飼
料の加熱時間と厚さの調整により、沈降速度が異なりか
つ大きさがほぼ同様の試験飼料を得ることができた。こ
の結果を表4に示す。
The prepared test feed was resilient and kamaboko-shaped due to the gelatinization of starch and the heat coagulation of surimi. Further, it became possible to slightly adjust the sedimentation speed by changing the heating time. In order to set the sedimentation speed that can be used as a test, make various sizes of the test feed and set an appropriate sedimentation speed (the sedimentation speed here is the sedimentation in 1 second when thrown into seawater with a salt concentration of 3.4%) (Representing length). By adjusting the heating time and thickness of these test feeds, it was possible to obtain test feeds having different sedimentation speeds and substantially the same size. Table 4 shows the results.

【0032】[0032]

【表4】 [Table 4]

【0033】さらに、これら1区〜5区までの試験飼料
を、上記水槽条件のように水流を調整している500L
ポリプロピレン水槽にて実際の沈降スピードを計測する
と表5のようになった。
Further, 500 L of the test feeds from Section 1 to Section 5 were adjusted with the water flow under the above-mentioned tank conditions.
Table 5 shows the actual sedimentation speed measured in a polypropylene water tank.

【0034】[0034]

【表5】 [Table 5]

【0035】このような沈降速度を有する試験飼料を用
いて、各水槽に収容したアオリイカ、コウイカに対し
て、沈降速度の違いによる摂餌選択性の検討を行った。
給餌方法は、1日2回とし、各回ごとに異なる試験飼料を
収容個体数分給与した。この結果を表6に示す。
Using the test feed having such a sedimentation speed, feeding selectivity was examined for the difference between the sedimentation speeds of the squid and the squid stored in each aquarium.
The feeding method was twice a day, and each time, a different test feed was fed for the number of individuals contained. Table 6 shows the results.

【0036】[0036]

【表6】 [Table 6]

【0037】以上の結果により、アオリイカでは、2
区、3区及び4区の沈降速度1〜8cm/sec、コウイカでは、
3区、4区の沈降速度1〜7cm/sec以下で、50%以上の餌
料捕捉率を示した。ただし、5区の浮上性を有する飼料
は興味を示すものの、慣れていないため殆ど捕捉するこ
とはできなかった。この結果から、沈降速度は1〜7cm
/sec程度が望ましいことが見出された。
According to the above results, 2
District, Section 3 and Section 4 sedimentation velocity 1-8 cm / sec.
At the sedimentation speed of 1 to 7 cm / sec or less in the 3rd section and the 4th section, a food capture rate of 50% or more was shown. However, the floatable feeds in the five plots were interested, but could not be captured almost because they were not used to them. From these results, the sedimentation speed is 1-7 cm
/ Sec was found to be desirable.

【0038】〔実施例4〕色彩の差異による摂餌選択性
の検討方法 *供試個体 アオリイカ (外套長15mm、全長25mm) *100Lパンライト水槽2基使用 *各水槽にアオリイカ10個体ずつ収容 *試験飼料の作成方法 飼料は、タラのすり身に食塩を3%、澱粉7%添加しよ
く練ったものをスチームで約3分加熱し整形したものを
長さ10mm、縦横3mmに切断し、これに食用色素(赤、
黄、青、緑)及び銀(タチノウオの鱗の粉末〔グアニン
箔〕)をそれぞれ水で溶いて噴霧した。 *この試験飼料を用いて、1日1色2回の給餌を行い、各
色6回の反復試験し、飼料を捕らえた尾数及び摂餌した
尾数を計測した。結果これらの試験飼料を用いて色彩の
差異による摂餌選択性について検討した結果を表7に示
す。
Example 4 Method of Examining Feeding Selectivity by Difference in Color * Test Individual Aoriika (Cover length: 15 mm, Total length: 25 mm) * Using two 100 L panlight aquariums * Each Auliika contains 10 individuals in each aquarium * Preparation method of test feed The feed is prepared by adding 3% salt and 7% starch to cod surimi, kneading it well, heating it with steam for about 3 minutes, shaping it into 10mm length, 3mm length and width, Food coloring (red,
Yellow, blue, green) and silver (powder of scales of tiger fish [guanine foil]) were each dissolved in water and sprayed. * Using this test feed, feeding was performed twice a day for one color, and repeated tests were performed six times for each color, and the number of tails that caught the food and the number of tails that consumed the food were counted. Results Table 7 shows the results of an examination of the feed selectivity based on color differences using these test feeds.

【0039】[0039]

【表7】 [Table 7]

【0040】この結果から、赤、緑、銀の色彩に着色す
ることにより、頭足類に興味を抱かせ触腕を用いた最初
の摂餌行動による捕獲までの行程を満たすことが見出さ
れた。なお、この捕らえた個体で摂餌に至るものは、全
ての試験区で80〜90%に収まった。
From these results, it was found that coloring in the colors of red, green, and silver would make the cephalopods interested and satisfy the process up to the capture by the first feeding action using the tentacles. Was. In addition, 80% to 90% of the captured individuals that led to the feeding fell in all the test plots.

【0041】〔実施例5〕生原料の有無による摂餌選択
性の検討 *供試個体 アオリイカ (外套長25mm、全長40mm) *100Lパンライト水槽4基使用 *各水槽にアオリイカ5個体ずつ収容 表8に示す頭足類用試験飼料を1区加水率80%、2区加水
率50%、3区加水率30%、4区及び5区加水率0%とし
て、よく混練をした後、平板状に成形しスチームにて約
5分程度加熱した。
[Example 5] Investigation of feed selectivity depending on the presence or absence of raw materials * Test individual Aoriika (jacket length 25 mm, total length 40 mm) * Four 100L panlight aquariums are used * Five aoriika are contained in each aquarium The test feed for cephalopods shown in 8 was adjusted to 80% water in 1st section, 50% in 2nd section, 30% in 3rd section, 0% in 4th and 5th sections and kneaded well. And heated with steam for about 5 minutes.

【0042】[0042]

【表8】 [Table 8]

【0043】作成された試験飼料は、澱粉のα化作用と
タラすり身の熱凝固作用によって、弾力性を有する蒲鉾
状のものとなった。この試験飼料を長辺20mm、短辺7m
m、厚さ2mmの大きさに切り分け供試飼料とした。各試験
タンクに収容された5尾の稚アオリイカに対して、5辺の
試験飼料を同時に投入し、摂餌選択性の差異を検証し
た。上記、選択性試験を10回反復して行った結果を表9
に示す。
The prepared test feed had a resilient Kamaboko-like shape due to the pregelatinizing action of starch and the heat coagulation action of cod surimi. This test feed is long 20mm, short 7m
The test feed was cut into pieces having a size of 2 m and a thickness of 2 mm. Five test feeds were simultaneously fed to five juvenile Aoi squids housed in each test tank, and the difference in feeding selectivity was verified. Table 9 shows the results obtained by repeating the selectivity test 10 times.
Shown in

【0044】[0044]

【表9】 [Table 9]

【0045】表9に示す通り、試験飼料を捕まえる行動
に差異は見られないが、実際摂餌する個体は生原料(タ
ラすり身)が多い試験飼料(3区、4区、5区)になるに
従って摂餌率が増大する結果を得た。
As shown in Table 9, there is no difference in the behavior of catching the test feed, but the individual who actually feeds is the test feed (sections 3, 4 and 5) which has a large amount of raw materials (cod surimi). As a result, the feeding rate was increased.

【0046】〔実施例6〕加熱処理による残餌散逸率の
検討 *供試個体 アオリイカ (外套長40mm、全長80mm) *1000L角型FRP水槽1基使用 *アオリイカ10個体収容 *試験飼料の作成方法 飼料は、市販のモイスト用マッシュ40%、アジすり身50
%、β澱粉8%、食塩2%を混合したものを、よく練り平
板状に成形し、それを加熱処理せずに長辺30mm、短辺5m
m、厚さ3〜5mmに切り分けた試験飼料とスチームで約3分
加熱し整形した同様に切り分けた試験飼料を用いた。作
成された試験飼料は、両試験飼料ともに水中に投入した
状態で崩れることはなかった。
[Example 6] Examination of residual food dissipation rate by heat treatment * Test individual Aoriika (jacket length 40 mm, total length 80 mm) * One 1000L square FRP water tank was used * 10 aoriika squids were accommodated * Test feed preparation method The feed is commercially available moist mash 40%, horse mackerel surimi 50
%, 8% β-starch and 2% salt are mixed and molded into a flat plate, which is then heated without heat treatment.
A test feed cut to m and a thickness of 3 to 5 mm and a test feed similarly heated and cut with steam for about 3 minutes were used. The prepared test feed did not collapse when both test feeds were put in water.

【0047】この試験飼料を1日置きに稚アオリイカ10
個体に対して10個の飼料を供与し、摂餌している個体が
餌料を散逸せずに摂餌しているか観察を行った。その結
果を表10に示す。ここでの残餌散逸率は、摂餌個体を
100%とした場合の、残餌散逸した個体数の割合を示
す。
The test feed was placed every other day for 10 young squids.
Ten feeds were provided to the individual, and it was observed whether the individual was eating without dissipating the food. Table 10 shows the results. The residual food dissipation rate here depends on the feeding individual.
The ratio of the number of individuals that have dissipated the remaining food when 100% is shown.

【0048】[0048]

【表10】 [Table 10]

【0049】以上の結果から、非加熱のモイスト状飼料
においても、加熱処理を施した蒲鉾状の飼料でも摂餌割
合に大きな差異は見られなかった。しかし、残餌散逸の
割合は非常に大きく異なり、加熱処理飼料の方が飼料を
取りこぼすことが少ないことが見出された。これは、頭
足類の非常に特異な摂餌生態によるものでる。
From the above results, there was no significant difference in the feeding ratio between the non-heated moist feed and the heat-treated Kamaboko feed. However, the rate of residual food dissipation was very different, and it was found that the heat-treated feed was less likely to miss the feed. This is due to the very unique feeding ecology of cephalopods.

【0050】[0050]

【発明の効果】本発明により、頭足類はより多く摂餌す
るようになり、頭足類を効果的に養殖することが出来
る。
According to the present invention, cephalopods feed more and can breed cephalopods effectively.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】 イカの水槽飼育を示す図[Figure 1] Figure showing squid breeding in an aquarium

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 2B005 JA04 LA02 LA03 LA05 LA06 LB03 MA03 MA05 MB06 MC01 MC03 2B150 AA07 AB03 AE06 AE23 AE32 AE34 AE38 AE40 BC10 CD03 CD21 CD30 CE28 CJ08 DE01 DH35  ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2B005 JA04 LA02 LA03 LA05 LA06 LB03 MA03 MA05 MB06 MC01 MC03 2B150 AA07 AB03 AE06 AE23 AE32 AE34 AE38 AE40 BC10 CD03 CD21 CD30 CE28 CJ08 DE01 DH35

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 長辺(長さ)を1とすると、短辺を0.1〜0.
5、厚さ(直径)を0.1〜0.3に形成したことを特徴とする
頭足類用飼料。
(1) Assuming that the long side (length) is 1, the short side is 0.1 to 0.
5. Feed for cephalopods, characterized in that the thickness (diameter) is formed to 0.1 to 0.3.
【請求項2】 長辺(長さ)が頭足類の外套長の30〜10
0%であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の頭足類用飼
料。
2. The long side (length) is 30 to 10 of the mantle length of the cephalopod
2. The feed for cephalopods according to claim 1, wherein the feed is 0%.
【請求項3】 飼料の沈降スピードが1〜7cm/secで
あることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の頭足類用飼
料。
3. The cephalopod feed according to claim 1, wherein the settling speed of the feed is 1 to 7 cm / sec.
【請求項4】 赤色、緑色又は反射色をしていることを
特徴とする請求項1、2又は3記載の頭足類用飼料。
4. The feed for head and limbs according to claim 1, wherein the feed is red, green or reflective.
JP2000094365A 2000-03-30 2000-03-30 Feed for culturing cephalopod Pending JP2001275581A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107455615A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-12-12 浙江海洋大学 A kind of artemia fortification method suitable for true octopus floating larva culture
CN109221639A (en) * 2018-09-22 2019-01-18 连云港侨海渔业科技有限公司 A kind of cuttlefish seed raises and train the combination feeding method with bait
JP2021503966A (en) * 2017-11-29 2021-02-15 インスティトゥト エスパニョール デ オセアノグラフィア Culturing method of octopus (OCTOPUS VULGARIS) larvae

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107455615A (en) * 2017-07-21 2017-12-12 浙江海洋大学 A kind of artemia fortification method suitable for true octopus floating larva culture
CN107455615B (en) * 2017-07-21 2020-05-22 浙江海洋大学 Artemia nutrition strengthening method suitable for culturing octopus ocellatus planktonic larvae
JP2021503966A (en) * 2017-11-29 2021-02-15 インスティトゥト エスパニョール デ オセアノグラフィア Culturing method of octopus (OCTOPUS VULGARIS) larvae
JP7174062B2 (en) 2017-11-29 2022-11-17 インスティトゥト エスパニョール デ オセアノグラフィア Method for culturing larvae of common octopus (OCTOPUS VULGARIS)
CN109221639A (en) * 2018-09-22 2019-01-18 连云港侨海渔业科技有限公司 A kind of cuttlefish seed raises and train the combination feeding method with bait
CN109221639B (en) * 2018-09-22 2021-12-24 连云港侨海渔业科技有限公司 Combined feeding method of bait for domesticating cuttlefish fries

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