JP2001169672A - System for culturing plant in hydroponic culture medium - Google Patents
System for culturing plant in hydroponic culture mediumInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001169672A JP2001169672A JP35903499A JP35903499A JP2001169672A JP 2001169672 A JP2001169672 A JP 2001169672A JP 35903499 A JP35903499 A JP 35903499A JP 35903499 A JP35903499 A JP 35903499A JP 2001169672 A JP2001169672 A JP 2001169672A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bed
- soil
- root
- space
- insole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はベッド内に栽培用の
培土を入れ、培土に養液を供給して、培土に植えた植物
を栽培する養液培地植物栽培システムの改良に関するも
のである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improved nutrient medium cultivation system for cultivating plants planted in cultivated soil by putting cultivated soil into a bed, supplying a nutrient solution to the cultivated soil, and cultivating a plant planted on the soil.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】養液培地植物栽培システムは従来からあ
る。その一例としては図4に示すように、断面形状がコ
字状のベッド部材Aを多数連結したベッドBの内側に防
水フィルムCを敷いてベッド部材A同士の継ぎ目を被覆
し、防水フィルムCの内側に培土Dを敷き詰め、培土D
に植物Eを植え、培土Dに養液を供給して植物栽培して
いる。2. Description of the Related Art A nutrient medium plant cultivation system has been known. As an example, as shown in FIG. 4, a waterproof film C is laid on the inside of a bed B in which a large number of bed members A each having a U-shaped cross section are connected to cover a seam between the bed members A. Spreading the soil D on the inside, the soil D
The plant E is planted, and the nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation soil D for plant cultivation.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前記した従来の養液培
地植物栽培システムには次のような課題があった。 1.培土Dに供給した養液が防水フィルムC内に溜まる
ため、培土Dの下層部が常に湿りがちになり、植物Eが
根腐れし易い。 2.培土Dの下層部が乾燥するようにすると、培土Dの
上層部は乾燥し過ぎて水分不足になり、植物Eが枯れ易
くなる。 3.日時の経過により培土が次第に圧縮されて、培土D
の内部に酸素が通りにくくなり、培土D内が酸欠状態に
なり、培土Dが植物の成育に好ましくなくなる。 4.防水フィルムCの上に培土Dを入れてあり、培土D
の下部に溜った水分をベッドBの外部に回収するのが難
しい。 5.培土Dとしてロックウールを使用する場合は、ロッ
クウールが燃えないため、古くなったロックウールを処
分できず困っている。The above-mentioned conventional nutrient medium plant cultivation system has the following problems. 1. Since the nutrient solution supplied to the cultivation soil D accumulates in the waterproof film C, the lower part of the cultivation soil D is apt to be constantly moist, and the plant E is easily rotted. 2. If the lower part of the cultivated soil D is made to dry, the upper part of the cultivated soil D becomes too dry and lacks moisture, and the plant E tends to wither. 3. As the date and time elapse, the soil is gradually compressed, and soil D
It becomes difficult for oxygen to pass through the inside of the soil, the inside of the soil D becomes oxygen-deficient, and the soil D becomes unfavorable for plant growth. 4. Culture soil D is put on the waterproof film C.
It is difficult to collect the water accumulated at the bottom of the bed outside the bed B. 5. When rock wool is used as the cultivation soil D, the rock wool does not burn, so it is difficult to dispose of the old rock wool.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の目的は培土内の
水分調節が容易で、培土内の通気性及び通水性を植物栽
培に適した良好な状態に保持することができ、根腐れせ
ず、根が張り易く、植物が成育し易く、余った養液をベ
ッドの外部に回収して循環させて使用することができる
養液培地植物栽培システムを提供することにある。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to easily control the water content in a cultivated soil, maintain good air permeability and water permeability in a cultivated soil suitable for plant cultivation, and improve root rot. Another object of the present invention is to provide a nutrient medium culture plant cultivation system that is easy to grow roots, grows easily, and can collect and circulate excess nutrient solution outside the bed.
【0005】本発明の請求項1記載の溶液培地植物栽培
システムは、ベッド2の内側に、通水孔2のある中敷3
をベッド1の内底4との間に空間5をあけて配置し、そ
の中敷3の上に液体、空気は通すが植物の根は通さない
防根シート6を敷き、防根シート6の内側に培土7を入
れたものである。The solution culture plant cultivation system according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises an insole 3 having a water hole 2 inside a bed 2.
Is placed with a space 5 between the inner bottom 4 of the bed 1 and a root-proof sheet 6 that allows liquid and air to pass through but does not allow plant roots to pass over the insole 3. It is the one with the soil 7 inside.
【0006】本発明の請求項2記載の溶液培地植物栽培
システムは、請求項1記載の養液培地植物栽培システム
において、ベッド1は複数のベッド部材8を一列に連結
して構成され、そのベッド1の内側に防水フィルム9を
敷き、その上からベッド1内に空間5をあけて中敷3を
配置したものである。According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solution culture plant cultivation system according to the first aspect, wherein the bed 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of bed members 8 in a line. 1, a waterproof film 9 is laid on the inside, and a space 5 is provided in the bed 1 from above, and the insole 3 is arranged.
【0007】本発明の請求項3記載の溶液培地植物栽培
システムは、請求項1又は請求項2記載の溶液培地植物
栽培システムにおいて、培土7の上に、長手方向に間隔
をあけて散布孔が開口された液体散布用のチューブ10
を配置したものである。The solution culture plant cultivation system according to claim 3 of the present invention is the solution culture plant cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein spray holes are provided on the culture soil 7 at intervals in the longitudinal direction. Opened tube 10 for spraying liquid
Is arranged.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の養液培地植物栽培システ
ムの実施形態の一例を図1〜図3に基づいて詳細に説明
する。このシステムは図1に示す様にベッド1の内側に
防水フィルム9を敷き、防水フィルム9の上からベッド
1の内側に中敷3を配置し、中敷3の上に防根シート6
を敷き、防根シート6の内側に培土7が入れてある。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a nutrient medium plant cultivation system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In this system, as shown in FIG. 1, a waterproof film 9 is laid on the inside of the bed 1, the insole 3 is arranged on the inside of the bed 1 from above the waterproof film 9, and the root protection sheet 6 is placed on the insole 3.
And the soil 7 is put inside the root protection sheet 6.
【0011】ベッド1は図2に示すベッド部材8を多
数、一列に連結して構成されている。ベッド部材8は発
泡スチロールとか他の樹脂等の材料により成形さてい
る。ベッド部材8は底板20の幅方向両端から側壁21
が立ち上り、底板20の幅方向中央部内面に上方に突出
する受け突条22がベッド部材8の長手方向に沿って設
けられ、底板20の幅方向両端に上方に立ち上がる受部
23がベッド部材8の長手方向に沿って設けられ、この
受部23と前記受け突条22との間に回収溝24が形成
されている。底板20の底面25のうち受け突条22と
受部23の下には上方に窪んだ溝26が形成されてい
る。この溝26はベッド部材8の軽量化、材料の節約と
コストダウンに役立ち、また、ベッド部材8を図示され
ていないパイプ製ベンチに載せるときにパイプに嵌合さ
せることができ、この嵌合によりベッド部材8が位置決
めされ、位置ズレが防止されるようにしてある。The bed 1 is constituted by connecting a large number of bed members 8 shown in FIG. 2 in a row. The bed member 8 is formed of a material such as styrene foam or another resin. The bed member 8 is formed on both sides of the bottom plate 20 from both ends in the width direction.
A receiving ridge 22 is provided along the longitudinal direction of the bed member 8 so as to protrude upward from the inner surface of the central portion of the bottom plate 20 in the width direction. The recovery groove 24 is formed between the receiving portion 23 and the receiving ridge 22. A groove 26 that is recessed upward is formed below the receiving ridge 22 and the receiving portion 23 on the bottom surface 25 of the bottom plate 20. The groove 26 helps to reduce the weight of the bed member 8, save materials and reduce costs, and allows the bed member 8 to be fitted to a pipe when placed on a pipe bench (not shown). The bed member 8 is positioned so that displacement is prevented.
【0012】図1ではベッド部材8の端部を突き合わせ
て連結したベッド1の内面に防水フィルム9を敷いてベ
ッド部材8の継ぎ目を被覆してある。防水フィルム9に
はナイロンとか他の樹脂シートやフィルムが使用され
る。防水フィルム9はベッド部材8の側壁内面に沿って
張って、側壁21の上端から外側に垂れ下げてある。In FIG. 1, a waterproof film 9 is laid on the inner surface of the bed 1 where the ends of the bed members 8 are connected by abutting each other to cover the seams of the bed members 8. Nylon or another resin sheet or film is used for the waterproof film 9. The waterproof film 9 stretches along the inner surface of the side wall of the bed member 8 and hangs outward from the upper end of the side wall 21.
【0013】図1では防水フィルム9の上からベッド1
の内側に中敷3を入れて、ベッド部材8の受け突条22
と受部23の上に載せてある。この場合、中敷3の底面
27とベッド1の内底4との間に空間5が形成される。
中敷3も発泡樹脂とか他の樹脂により板状に成形されて
いる。中敷3の底面27には図3(a)に示す様に幅方
向に間隔をあけて2本の突条28が突設され、それに沿
って複数の通水孔2が開口されている。突条28は主と
して補強用である。通水孔2の全周は図3(b)に示す
様にその外周から通水孔2に向けて次第に下り傾斜にな
って、通水孔2に水が流れ込み易くなる様にしてある。In FIG. 1, the bed 1 is placed over the waterproof film 9.
The insole 3 is put inside the inside of the
On the receiving portion 23. In this case, a space 5 is formed between the bottom surface 27 of the insole 3 and the inner bottom 4 of the bed 1.
The insole 3 is also formed of a foamed resin or other resin into a plate shape. As shown in FIG. 3A, two protrusions 28 project from the bottom surface 27 of the insole 3 at intervals in the width direction, and a plurality of water passage holes 2 are opened along the protrusion. The ridges 28 are mainly for reinforcement. As shown in FIG. 3B, the entire circumference of the water passage hole 2 is gradually inclined downward from the outer periphery toward the water passage hole 2 so that water can easily flow into the water passage hole 2.
【0014】図1では中敷3の上に防根シート6が敷か
れている。防根シート6は水、空気は通すが、植物の
根、塵芥等は通さない材質製であり、フィルタの機能を
備えている。防根シート6もベッド部材8の側壁内面に
沿って張って、側壁21の上端から外側に垂れ下げてあ
る。In FIG. 1, a root protection sheet 6 is laid on the insole 3. The root prevention sheet 6 is made of a material that allows water and air to pass therethrough but does not allow plant roots, dust and the like to pass through, and has a filter function. The root prevention sheet 6 also extends along the inner surface of the side wall of the bed member 8 and hangs outward from the upper end of the side wall 21.
【0015】図1では防根シート6の内側に植物栽培用
の培土7を入れてある。通常の土は3〜4年経過して古
くなると、次第に圧縮されて内部に酸素が通りにくくな
り、内部が酸欠状態になるので植物にとって好ましくな
い。従って、培土7にはピートモス、籾殻、椰子殻チッ
プ、焼いた石、焼いた土等の無機質のものが適する。こ
れらは単独で使用することも、二以上を組合せて使用す
ることもできる。これらは圧縮されにくく、通気性、通
水性に富むため植物30の根31が張り易くなり、安定
する。これらを二種類以上組合せて使用する場合は圧縮
されにくいものとか、粒が大きいもの、或は通気性、通
水性等に優れたものを下に敷き、その上に粒の小さいも
の、保水性に優れたもの等を敷いて所望層に積層した
り、それらを混合して使用したりすることができる。In FIG. 1, cultivation soil 7 for plant cultivation is put inside the root protection sheet 6. When ordinary soil becomes old after 3 to 4 years, it is unfavorable for plants because it is gradually compressed and oxygen hardly passes through the inside and the inside becomes oxygen-deficient. Therefore, inorganic materials such as peat moss, rice hulls, coconut shell chips, baked stones, baked soil and the like are suitable for the soil 7. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. These are hardly compressed, and are rich in air permeability and water permeability, so that the root 31 of the plant 30 is easily stretched and stable. When these are used in combination of two or more types, those that are difficult to compress, those with large grains, or those with excellent air permeability and water permeability are laid underneath, and those with small grains and water retention An excellent material or the like can be laid and laminated on a desired layer, or a mixture thereof can be used.
【0016】培土7の上には液体散布用のチューブ10
を載せてある。このチューブ10は軟質性の樹脂製とか
ゴム製であり、通常は自重で潰れて扁平になっている
が、養液(水、或いは肥料を含んだ液体)を通すと膨ら
むようになっている。チューブ10の両側面には小さな
散布孔が長手方向に沿って多数開口されており、同チュ
ーブ10に供給された液体がその散布孔から培土7に散
布されるようにしてある。チューブ10は培土7の上に
直接載せるのではなく、それから上に浮かせて配置する
することもできる。チューブ10からの養液散布はタイ
マーにより定期的に散布するとか、培土7の水分を水分
センサで検知し、その検知結果に応じて自動的に散布さ
れるようにしたりする。A tube 10 for spraying a liquid is placed on the soil 7.
Is placed. The tube 10 is made of a soft resin or rubber, and is normally crushed and flat by its own weight, but expands when a nutrient solution (water or a liquid containing fertilizer) is passed. A large number of small spray holes are opened on both sides of the tube 10 along the longitudinal direction, so that the liquid supplied to the tube 10 is sprayed to the soil 7 from the spray holes. The tube 10 can be placed above the soil 7 rather than directly on it, and then suspended above it. The nutrient solution is sprayed from the tube 10 periodically by a timer, or the moisture in the soil 7 is detected by a moisture sensor, and is automatically sprayed according to the detection result.
【0017】培土に栽培する植物30は野菜、果菜類、
花等のいずれであっても良い。The plants 30 cultivated in the soil are vegetables, fruits and vegetables,
Any of flowers and the like may be used.
【0018】本発明の養液培地植物栽培システムの培土
7に植物30を定植すれば、チューブ10から培土7に
散水された養液は培土7内に浸透して根31から吸収さ
れる。培土7を通過した養液は防根シート6を透過し、
中敷3の通水孔2を通過してベッド1の空間5内に落下
し、その空間5内に溜る。この場合、防根シート6は植
物の根や塵芥は通さないが液体や空気は通すため、防根
シート6を通過して空間5内に溜る液体には塵芥や培土
7の混入はほとんどないため、循環使用するのに適す
る。If the plant 30 is planted in the soil 7 of the nutrient solution medium plant cultivation system of the present invention, the nutrient solution sprinkled from the tube 10 to the soil 7 penetrates into the soil 7 and is absorbed from the root 31. The nutrient solution that has passed through the cultivation soil 7 penetrates the root protection sheet 6,
After passing through the water hole 2 of the insole 3, it falls into the space 5 of the bed 1 and accumulates in the space 5. In this case, since the root preventive sheet 6 does not allow plant roots and dust to pass therethrough, but allows liquid and air to pass through, the liquid that passes through the root preventive sheet 6 and accumulates in the space 5 is hardly mixed with dust and soil 7. Suitable for circulating use.
【0019】図示されていないが、ベッド1をその長手
方向一方に多少傾斜させるとか、ベッド1はベンチの上
に水平に設置するが、ベッド部材8は内底4に長手方向
一方に下りとなる傾斜をつけておき、その傾斜に沿って
ベッド1の内底4が長手方向一方に下り傾斜となる様に
すれば、空間5内に溜った養液はそれら傾斜に沿って空
間5内を流れ、ベッド1の外部に排出される。この養液
を図示されていない回収路に回収して溶液タンクに戻
し、同タンクから散布用のチューブ10に供給して循環
させることができる。Although not shown, the bed 1 is slightly inclined in one longitudinal direction or the bed 1 is set horizontally on a bench, but the bed member 8 is lowered on the inner bottom 4 in one longitudinal direction. If the inner bottom 4 of the bed 1 is inclined downward in one longitudinal direction along the slope, the nutrient solution stored in the space 5 flows through the space 5 along the slope. Is discharged outside the bed 1. The nutrient solution can be collected in a collection path (not shown), returned to the solution tank, supplied from the tank to the spray tube 10, and circulated.
【0020】[0020]
【発明の効果】本発明の請求項1〜請求項3記載の養液
培地植物栽培システムは次の様な効果がある。 1.通水孔を有する中敷を、ベッドの内底との間に空間
をあけてベッド内に配置したので、培土内を通過した液
体が空間内に落下し、培土の通水性(水はけ)が向上
し、培土内に養液が均一に行き渡り、且つ、植物が根腐
れしにくい。また、培土内に酸素が供給され易くなり、
植物の成育環境がより一層向上する。 2.前記空間を設けたことにより培土内の通気性も向上
し、培土が圧縮されにくくなるので、根が張り易くな
り、植物が安定する。 3.中敷の上に液体と空気は通すが、植物の根は通さな
い防根シートを敷いたので、防根シートがフィルタの役
割を果たし、培土内を透過した養液が濾過されて空間に
溜まるので、同養液を回収して循環させるのに都合が良
く、養液の使用量を抑制してコストダウンにつなげるこ
とができる。The system for cultivating a nutrient medium according to the first to third aspects of the present invention has the following effects. 1. Since the insole with water holes is placed in the bed with a space between the bed and the bottom of the bed, the liquid that has passed through the soil falls into the space, improving the water permeability (drainage) of the soil. In addition, the nutrient solution is evenly distributed in the cultivation soil, and the plant hardly rots. Also, it becomes easier for oxygen to be supplied into the soil,
The growing environment of the plant is further improved. 2. By providing the space, the air permeability in the cultivated soil is also improved, and the cultivated soil is less likely to be compressed. 3. A root-proof sheet that allows liquid and air to pass through the insole but does not allow plant roots to pass is used. Therefore, it is convenient to collect and circulate the nutrient solution, and it is possible to reduce the amount of the nutrient solution used and to reduce the cost.
【0021】本発明の請求項2記載の養液培地植物栽培
システムは前記効果の他に次の様な効果もある。即ち、
複数のベッド部材を突き合わせて一列に連結したベッド
の内側に防水フィルムを敷き、その上からベッド内に空
間をあけて中敷を配置したので、ベッド部材の継ぎ目
(突き合わせ箇所)から外部に養液が漏出することがな
い。このため養液を効率良く回収できる。The nutrient medium plant cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the above effects. That is,
A waterproof film was laid on the inside of a bed in which a plurality of bed members were joined in a row, and an insole was placed above the bed with a space in the bed. Does not leak. Therefore, the nutrient solution can be efficiently collected.
【0022】本発明の請求項3記載の養液培地植物栽培
システムは前記効果の他に次の様な効果もある。即ち、
培土の上に、液体散布用のチューブを配置したので、養
液をチューブから培土全体にほぼ均一に散布することが
でき、培土の水分がバラつかず、植物の成育に適する。The system for cultivating a nutrient medium according to the third aspect of the present invention has the following effects in addition to the above effects. That is,
Since the tube for spraying the liquid is arranged on the cultivation soil, the nutrient solution can be sprayed almost uniformly from the tube to the entire cultivation soil.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]
【図1】本発明の養液培地植物栽培システムの実施形態
の一例を示す断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of an embodiment of a nutrient medium plant cultivation system of the present invention.
【図2】本発明の養液培地植物栽培システムのベッド部
材の一例を示す斜視図。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a bed member of the nutrient solution medium plant cultivation system of the present invention.
【図3】(a)は本発明の養液培地植物栽培システムの
中敷の一例を示す斜視図、(b)は(a)の通水孔周辺
の断面図。3 (a) is a perspective view showing an example of an insole of a nutrient medium plant cultivation system of the present invention, and FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view around a water hole of FIG. 3 (a).
【図4】従来の養液培地植物栽培システムを示す断面
図。FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional nutrient solution medium plant cultivation system.
【符号の説明】 1 ベッド 2 通水孔 3 中敷 4 ベッドの内底 5 空間 6 防根シート 7 培土 8 ベッド部材 9 防水フィルム 10 チューブ[Description of Signs] 1 Bed 2 Water hole 3 Insole 4 Inner bottom of bed 5 Space 6 Root prevention sheet 7 Cultivation 8 Bed member 9 Waterproof film 10 Tube
Claims (3)
る中敷(3)をベッド(1)の内底(4)との間に空間
(5)をあけて配置し、その中敷(3)の上に液体、空
気は通すが植物の根は通さない防根シート(6)を敷
き、防根シート(6)の内側に培土(7)を入れたこと
を特徴とする養液培地植物栽培システム。An insole (3) having a water hole (2) is arranged inside a bed (1) with a space (5) between the inner sole (4) and the bed (1). It is characterized by laying a root-proof sheet (6) that allows liquid and air to pass through, but does not allow plant roots to pass over the insole (3), and puts soil (7) inside the root-proof sheet (6). Nutrient medium plant cultivation system.
において、ベッド(1)は複数のベッド部材(8)を一
列に連結して構成され、そのベッド(1)の内側に防水
フィルム(9)を敷き、その上からベッド(1)内に空
間(5)をあけて中敷(3)を配置したことを特徴とす
る養液培地植物栽培システム。2. The nutrient medium plant cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein the bed (1) is constituted by connecting a plurality of bed members (8) in a row, and a waterproof film ( 9) A nutrient medium plant cultivation system, characterized in that a bed (1) is laid thereon and a space (5) is opened in the bed (1) so that the insole (3) is arranged.
栽培システムにおいて、培土(7)の上に、長手方向に
間隔をあけて散布孔が開口された液体散布用のチューブ
(10)を配置したことを特徴とする養液培地植物栽培
システム。3. The solution culture plant cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a liquid spray tube (10) having a spray hole opened at intervals in the longitudinal direction on the soil (7). A nutrient medium plant cultivation system, wherein a plant is cultivated.
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JP35903499A JP4719327B2 (en) | 1999-12-17 | 1999-12-17 | Nutrient medium plant cultivation system |
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Cited By (6)
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WO2008007722A1 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-01-17 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Planting base, plant-bearing mass, planting base unit, planting system and method of planting |
CN103636423A (en) * | 2013-11-16 | 2014-03-19 | 湖州艺萌城市农业发展有限公司 | Vegetable planting device |
KR101452854B1 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2014-10-21 | 주식회사 케이엠티앤에스 | Plant cultivating device |
JP2015171339A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-10-01 | ヤンマー株式会社 | Moving cultivation apparatus |
CN105993669A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-12 | 常州市风雷精密机械有限公司 | Modular planting tank |
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