JP2001162141A - Aerobic biological treating device - Google Patents
Aerobic biological treating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001162141A JP2001162141A JP34715499A JP34715499A JP2001162141A JP 2001162141 A JP2001162141 A JP 2001162141A JP 34715499 A JP34715499 A JP 34715499A JP 34715499 A JP34715499 A JP 34715499A JP 2001162141 A JP2001162141 A JP 2001162141A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bubbles
- treated
- water
- aerobic biological
- biological treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Activated Sludge Processes (AREA)
- Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は好気性生物処理装置
に係り、特に反応槽内に膜エレメントを浸漬させた好気
性生物処理装置に関する。The present invention relates to an aerobic biological treatment apparatus, and more particularly to an aerobic biological treatment apparatus having a membrane element immersed in a reaction tank.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種の好気性生物処理装置としては図
６に示すように、反応槽１０内に膜エレメント１２を浸
漬し、膜エレメント１２の下方に散気手段１４を配置し
たものが知られている。被処理水は管路１６から反応槽
１０に流入し、ここで所定時間滞留する間に反応槽１０
内の活性汚泥と接触し、この活性汚泥の生物学的な作用
によって被処理水中の有機成分が酸化分解して浄化され
る。2. Description of the Related Art As an aerobic biological treatment apparatus of this type, there is known an apparatus in which a membrane element 12 is immersed in a reaction tank 10 and an aeration means 14 is arranged below the membrane element 12, as shown in FIG. Have been. The water to be treated flows into the reaction tank 10 through the pipe 16 and stays there for a predetermined time.
The activated sludge comes into contact with the sludge, and the organic components in the water to be treated are oxidatively decomposed and purified by the biological action of the activated sludge.
【０００３】前記膜エレメント１２には管路１８を介し
て吸引ポンプ２０が接続され、この吸引ポンプ１８の吸
引力によって膜エレメント１２を透過した水が処理水と
して装置外に取り出される。[0003] A suction pump 20 is connected to the membrane element 12 via a pipe 18, and water permeating the membrane element 12 is taken out of the apparatus as treated water by the suction force of the suction pump 18.
【０００４】ブロワ２２に接続した前記散気手段１４か
らは、空気の微細気泡が散気される。散気には３つの目
的があり、第１の目的は被処理水中の有機成分の酸化分
解に必要な酸素を供給するために被処理水を好気性の条
件に維持する。第２の目的は散気された気泡のリフト作
用によって反応槽１２内に循環流Ｆを形成し、被処理水
と活性汚泥との接触効率を高める。第３の目的は前記気
泡が膜エレメント１２間を上昇する過程で膜エレメント
１２の膜面に衝突、接触して膜面を常に洗浄する。[0004] From the air diffuser 14 connected to the blower 22, fine air bubbles are diffused. Aeration has three purposes. The first is to maintain the water to be treated under aerobic conditions in order to supply oxygen necessary for the oxidative decomposition of organic components in the water to be treated. The second object is to form a circulating flow F in the reaction tank 12 by the lift action of the diffused bubbles, thereby increasing the contact efficiency between the water to be treated and the activated sludge. The third object is to constantly clean the membrane surface by colliding with and contacting the membrane surface of the membrane element 12 while the air bubbles rise between the membrane elements 12.
【０００５】上記のとおり、この種の好気性生物処理装
置は散気された気泡を多目的に活用でき、かつ、膜エレ
メント１２によって処理水を強制的に取り出して反応槽
１０内の活性汚泥を高濃度に保持し、高効率の好気性生
物処理ができるという利点がある。このため、従来の沈
殿池を用いた活性汚泥処理法に比べて所要敷地面積を大
幅に縮減できる生物処理装置として注目を浴びつつあ
る。As described above, this type of aerobic biological treatment apparatus can use diffused air bubbles for a variety of purposes, and forcibly removes treated water by the membrane element 12 to increase the activated sludge in the reaction tank 10. There is an advantage that the concentration can be maintained and highly efficient aerobic biological treatment can be performed. For this reason, it is attracting attention as a biological treatment apparatus that can significantly reduce the required site area as compared with the activated sludge treatment method using a conventional sedimentation pond.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記し
たように反応槽１０内の活性汚泥を高濃度に保持する結
果、反応槽１０内の被処理液と活性汚泥との混合物は泥
状となり、粘性が高く流動性が低い。このため、前記散
気手段１４から散気された微細気泡は液中に拡散し難
く、上昇速度も鈍いので散気された位置で停滞し易い。
したがって、引き続き散気された後続の気泡と合一する
現象が絶え間なく起こり、終には大きな気泡となる。ひ
とたび、気泡が大きくなると上昇速度も大きくなり、急
速に前記膜エレメントの間をすり抜けて水面に浮上す
る。However, as described above, as a result of maintaining the activated sludge in the reactor 10 at a high concentration, the mixture of the liquid to be treated and the activated sludge in the reactor 10 becomes muddy and viscous. High and low fluidity. For this reason, the fine bubbles diffused from the diffuser 14 are hardly diffused into the liquid, and the rising speed is also slow, so that they are likely to stay at the diffused position.
Therefore, the phenomenon of coalescence with the subsequent bubble that has been continuously diffused occurs continuously, and eventually a large bubble is formed. Once the bubbles become larger, the ascending speed increases, and the bubbles quickly pass through the space between the membrane elements and float on the water surface.
【０００７】このため、散気した気泡と被処理液との接
触効率が悪くなり、被処理液に対して気泡中の酸素が十
分に溶解しない。その結果、活性汚泥による生物処理に
必要な溶存酸素量が不足して、生物処理の性能が低下す
るという問題点があった。As a result, the efficiency of contact between the diffused bubbles and the liquid to be treated is reduced, and oxygen in the bubbles is not sufficiently dissolved in the liquid to be treated. As a result, there is a problem that the amount of dissolved oxygen required for biological treatment with activated sludge is insufficient, and the performance of biological treatment is reduced.
【０００８】本発明の目的は、前記従来技術の問題点を
改善し、被処理液に対して気泡中の酸素を十分に溶解さ
せ、活性汚泥による生物処理性能が優れた好気性生物処
理装置を提供することにある。An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, to sufficiently dissolve oxygen in bubbles in a liquid to be treated, and to provide an aerobic biological treatment apparatus excellent in biological treatment performance with activated sludge. To provide.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、反応槽と、こ
の反応槽内に浸漬させた膜エレメントと、この膜エレメ
ントの下方に配置された散気手段とを具備した好気性生
物処理装置において、前記膜エレメントと散気手段との
間に、散気手段から散気された気泡を分散させる分散手
段を配したことを特徴とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an aerobic biological treatment apparatus comprising a reaction tank, a membrane element immersed in the reaction tank, and a diffuser disposed below the membrane element. Wherein a dispersing means for dispersing air bubbles diffused from the diffusing means is disposed between the membrane element and the diffusing means.
【００１０】また、本発明は前記分散手段が分散板又は
攪拌機であることを特徴とする。Further, the present invention is characterized in that the dispersing means is a dispersing plate or a stirrer.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は本発明の第１の実施形態を
示す縦断面図である。反応槽３０内には、平板状の膜エ
レメント３２が横方向に所定の間隔を空けて複数枚浸漬
されている。これらの膜エレメント３２の下方には所定
の距離を置いて散気手段３４を配置されている。膜エレ
メント３２の下端と散気手段３４との間の領域３６に
は、膜エレメント３２の下方を囲う仕切り３８が設けら
れ、この仕切り３８に分散板４０が取り付けられてい
る。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. A plurality of plate-like membrane elements 32 are immersed in the reaction tank 30 at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction. A diffuser 34 is arranged below these membrane elements 32 at a predetermined distance. In a region 36 between the lower end of the membrane element 32 and the air diffusing means 34, a partition 38 surrounding the lower part of the membrane element 32 is provided, and a dispersion plate 40 is attached to the partition 38.
【００１２】分散板４０は図２に示すように、Ｘ方向の
薄板４２とＹ方向の薄板４４とを縦にして狭いピッチで
格子状に組立てたものであり、全体として上下が開口し
た面板を形成している。As shown in FIG. 2, the dispersing plate 40 is formed by vertically assembling a thin plate 42 in the X direction and a thin plate 44 in the Y direction at a narrow pitch. Has formed.
【００１３】被処理水は管路４６から反応槽３０に流入
し、ここで所定時間滞留する間に反応槽３０内の活性汚
泥と接触し、この活性汚泥の生物学的な作用によって被
処理水中の有機成分が酸化分解して浄化される。前記膜
エレメント３２には管路４８を介して吸引ポンプ５０が
接続され、この吸引ポンプ５０の吸引力によって膜エレ
メント３２を透過した水が処理水として装置外に取り出
される。[0013] The water to be treated flows into the reaction tank 30 from the pipe 46, and contacts the activated sludge in the reaction tank 30 while staying there for a predetermined time. Organic components are oxidatively decomposed and purified. A suction pump 50 is connected to the membrane element 32 via a pipe 48, and the water permeated through the membrane element 32 is taken out of the apparatus as treated water by the suction force of the suction pump 50.
【００１４】ブロワ５２に接続した前記散気手段３４か
らは、空気の微細気泡が散気される。前記したように反
応槽３０内の活性汚泥が高濃度に保持されていると、被
処理液と活性汚泥との混合物は泥状となり、粘性が高く
流動性が低い。このため、前記散気手段３４から散気さ
れた微細気泡は液中に拡散し難く、上昇速度も鈍いので
散気された位置で停滞し易い。したがって、引き続き散
気された後続の気泡と合一する現象が絶え間なく起こ
り、終には大きな気泡となり、上方の膜エレメント３２
に向けて急上昇しようとする。Fine air bubbles are diffused from the diffusing means 34 connected to the blower 52. As described above, when the activated sludge in the reaction tank 30 is maintained at a high concentration, the mixture of the liquid to be treated and the activated sludge becomes mud-like, and has high viscosity and low fluidity. For this reason, the fine bubbles diffused from the diffusing means 34 are difficult to diffuse into the liquid, and the rising speed is slow, so that they are likely to stagnate at the diffused position. Therefore, the phenomenon of continuous coalescence with the subsequent bubble that has been diffused occurs continuously, and eventually becomes a large bubble, and the upper membrane element 32
Trying to soar towards.
【００１５】前記分散板４０は、この合一して大きくな
った気泡の上昇を抑制し、かつ、気泡を分割する機能を
果たす。図３に示すように、被処理水の循環流とともに
上昇する気泡５４が、（イ）のように分散板４０を構成
する薄板４２又は４４の下端に当たると、その上昇が抑
えられる。その後、気泡５４自身の浮力と被処理水の上
昇流によって気泡５４は（ロ）のように薄板４２又は４
４によって切断され、ついには（ハ）のように気泡５４
Ａと５４Ｂとに２分割されて再上昇を始める。The dispersing plate 40 has a function of suppressing the rise of the unified and enlarged bubbles and dividing the bubbles. As shown in FIG. 3, when the bubble 54 rising with the circulation of the water to be treated hits the lower end of the thin plate 42 or 44 constituting the dispersion plate 40 as shown in FIG. After that, the buoyancy of the bubble 54 itself and the upward flow of the water to be treated cause the bubble 54 to become thinner 42 or 4 as shown in (b).
4 and finally, as shown in FIG.
A is divided into A and 54B, and starts rising again.
【００１６】気泡５４の上昇が抑えられることによっ
て、被処理水と気泡との接触時間が増加する。また、気
泡５４が分割することによって、気泡の表面積が増加す
る。この２つの作用が分散板４０全面の複数の個所で絶
え間なく行われることにより、被処理水と気泡との接触
機会が増加して被処理水に気泡中の酸素を十分に溶解さ
せることができる。このため、被処理水に混合した活性
汚泥による生物処理に必要な溶存酸素量が充足して、生
物処理が効率よく進行する。By suppressing the rise of the bubbles 54, the contact time between the water to be treated and the bubbles is increased. Further, the division of the bubbles 54 increases the surface area of the bubbles. Since these two actions are continuously performed at a plurality of locations on the entire surface of the dispersion plate 40, the chance of contact between the water to be treated and the bubbles increases, and the oxygen in the bubbles can be sufficiently dissolved in the water to be treated. . For this reason, the amount of dissolved oxygen required for the biological treatment by the activated sludge mixed with the water to be treated is satisfied, and the biological treatment proceeds efficiently.
【００１７】分散板４０を経た被処理水と気泡はさらに
上昇し、前記複数の膜エレメント３２の間を通過する。
この過程で膜エレメント３２によって膜分離が行われ、
膜面を透過した水が処理水として吸引ポンプ５０を介し
て装置外に取り出される。また、気泡はその浮力に基づ
くリフト作用によって、被処理水を矢印Ａの方向に循環
させる。さらに、気泡は上昇する際に膜エレメント１２
の膜面に衝突、接触して膜面に付着した活性汚泥やその
他の固形物を剥離させ、膜面を常に洗浄する。なお、処
理に伴って、活性汚泥が増殖するので、余剰の汚泥は管
路５６から引抜き、反応槽３０内の汚泥濃度を一定範囲
に保持する。The water to be treated and the bubbles passing through the dispersion plate 40 further rise and pass between the plurality of membrane elements 32.
In this process, membrane separation is performed by the membrane element 32,
The water that has passed through the membrane surface is taken out of the apparatus through the suction pump 50 as treated water. Further, the bubbles circulate the water to be treated in the direction of arrow A by the lift action based on the buoyancy. In addition, the air bubbles rise as the membrane element 12
Activated sludge and other solids adhering to the membrane surface due to collision and contact with the membrane surface are peeled off, and the membrane surface is constantly washed. Since activated sludge multiplies with the treatment, excess sludge is withdrawn from the conduit 56 to maintain the sludge concentration in the reaction tank 30 within a certain range.
【００１８】図４は本発明の第２の実施形態を示す縦断
面図である。この実施の形態では、膜エレメント３２と
散気手段３４との間の仕切り６２によって囲まれた領域
に攪拌機６０を配設している。散気手段３４から散気さ
れた気泡は前記したように互いに合一して大きくなる傾
向があるが、この攪拌機６０による攪拌エネルギーで気
泡は被処理水と激しく接触しつつ細分化する。このた
め、気泡の表面積が増加するとともに、気泡の上昇速度
も小さくなる。したがって、被処理水と気泡との接触機
会が増加して被処理水に気泡中の酸素を十分に溶解させ
ることができ、ひいては生物処理を効率よく進行させる
ことができる。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a stirrer 60 is provided in a region surrounded by a partition 62 between the membrane element 32 and the air diffuser 34. The air bubbles diffused from the air diffuser 34 tend to be united with each other and become larger as described above. However, the air bubbles are subdivided while being in intense contact with the water to be treated by the stirring energy of the stirrer 60. Therefore, the surface area of the bubbles increases, and the rising speed of the bubbles also decreases. Therefore, the chance of contact between the water to be treated and the bubbles increases, so that the oxygen in the bubbles can be sufficiently dissolved in the water to be treated, and thus the biological treatment can efficiently proceed.
【００１９】なお、この実施の形態において、仕切り６
２は攪拌機６０によって分散、細分化された気泡が膜エ
レメント３２の直下領域から逸脱しないようにガード
し、気泡のすべてが膜エレメント３２の間を通過するよ
うに案内する。前記第１の実施の形態における仕切り３
８も同様のガード作用がある。In this embodiment, the partition 6
Numeral 2 guards the bubbles dispersed and fragmented by the stirrer 60 so as not to deviate from the region immediately below the membrane element 32, and guides all the bubbles to pass between the membrane elements 32. Partition 3 in the first embodiment
8 also has a similar guard action.
【００２０】図５に本発明に係る分散手段の変形例を示
す。図示されない散気手段の上方には、複数の分散具６
４、６６が紙面に対して垂直方向に２段に配置されてい
る。これらの分散具６４、６６は下方が解放された断面
が山形の形状をしており、上部には多数の小孔６８、７
０を有する。また、下段の分散具６４と上段の分散具６
６とは中心がずれている。FIG. 5 shows a modification of the dispersion means according to the present invention. A plurality of dispersing devices 6 are provided above the air diffuser (not shown).
4 and 66 are arranged in two stages in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface. These dispersing devices 64 and 66 have a downwardly open cross section having a mountain shape, and a large number of small holes 68 and 7 are provided at the upper portion.
Has zero. Also, the lower dispersing tool 64 and the upper dispersing tool 6
6 is off-center.
【００２１】上記の構成において、下方から被処理水と
ともに上昇してきた大きな気泡７２は下段の分散具６４
又は上段の分散具６６のいずれかの下方解放面から分散
具の懐内に流入し、空気溜り部７４を形成する。これら
の空気溜り部７４からは前記多数の小孔６８、７０を介
して小さな気泡７６が多数発生する。また、空気溜り部
７４の容積を越えた過剰の空気は分散具の下端から小さ
な気泡７８となって上昇する。このように、大きな気泡
を一時的に滞留させ、小さな気泡に分散させることによ
り、被処理水と気泡との接触機会が増加して被処理水に
気泡中の酸素を十分に溶解させることができる。In the above-described configuration, the large bubbles 72 that have risen together with the water to be treated from below are distributed to the lower stage
Alternatively, the air flows into the pocket of the dispersing tool from one of the lower release surfaces of the dispersing tool 66 in the upper stage, and forms an air reservoir 74. Many small bubbles 76 are generated from these air reservoirs 74 through the large number of small holes 68 and 70. Excess air exceeding the volume of the air reservoir 74 rises as small bubbles 78 from the lower end of the dispersing tool. As described above, by temporarily retaining large bubbles and dispersing them into small bubbles, the chance of contact between the water to be treated and the bubbles increases, and the oxygen in the bubbles can be sufficiently dissolved in the water to be treated. .
【００２２】[0022]
【発明の効果】上述のように、反応槽内に浸漬させた膜
エレメントと、この膜エレメントの下方に配置された散
気手段とを具備した好気性生物処理装置において、前記
膜エレメントと散気手段との間に、散気手段から散気さ
れた気泡を分散させる分散板や攪拌機などの分散手段を
配したので、被処理液に対して気泡中の酸素を十分に溶
解させ、活性汚泥による生物処理を効率よく進行させる
ことができる。As described above, in the aerobic biological treatment apparatus including the membrane element immersed in the reaction tank and the aeration means disposed below the membrane element, Between the means, dispersing means such as a dispersion plate or a stirrer for dispersing the bubbles diffused from the diffusing means, so that the oxygen in the bubbles sufficiently dissolved in the liquid to be treated, activated sludge Biological treatment can proceed efficiently.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態を示す縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明に係る分散板の部分斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a dispersion plate according to the present invention.
【図３】本発明に係る分散板での気泡の分割状況を示す
説明図である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state of dividing air bubbles in a dispersion plate according to the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第２の実施の形態を示す縦断面図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明に係る分散手段変形例を示す説明図であ
る。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a modification of a dispersing unit according to the present invention.
【図６】従来技術に係る好気性生物処理装置を例示する
縦断面図である。FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating an aerobic biological treatment device according to the related art.
３０……反応槽 ３２……膜エレメント ３４……散気手段 ３８……仕切り ４０……分散板 ６０……攪拌機 ６２……仕切り ６４……分散具 30 reaction tank 32 membrane element 34 air diffuser 38 partition 40 dispersion plate 60 stirrer 62 partition 64 dispersion device
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 市川 裕之 東京都千代田区内神田一丁目１番14号 日 立プラント建設株式会社内 (72)発明者 安藤 尋樹 東京都千代田区内神田一丁目１番14号 日 立プラント建設株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 4D006 GA02 HA41 HA93 JA29A JA32A KA31 KA44 KB22 KE08P PA01 PB08 PC62 4D028 BC17 BC24 BC26 4D029 AA01 AB07 CC03 DD01 Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Ichikawa 1-1-1 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Hitachi Plant Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroki Ando 1-1-1 Uchikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sun 4D006 GA02 HA41 HA93 JA29A JA32A KA31 KA44 KB22 KE08P PA01 PB08 PC62 4D028 BC17 BC24 BC26 4D029 AA01 AB07 CC03 DD01
Claims (2)
レメントと、この膜エレメントの下方に配置された散気
手段とを具備した好気性生物処理装置において、前記膜
エレメントと散気手段との間に、散気手段から散気され
た気泡を分散させる分散手段を配したことを特徴とする
好気性生物処理装置。1. An aerobic biological treatment apparatus comprising a reaction tank, a membrane element immersed in the reaction tank, and an aeration unit disposed below the membrane element. An aerobic biological treatment apparatus, wherein a dispersing means for dispersing bubbles diffused from the diffusing means is arranged between the means and the means.
求項１に記載の好気性生物処理装置。2. The aerobic biological treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said dispersing means is a dispersion plate or a stirrer.
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| JP34715499A JP2001162141A (en) | 1999-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Aerobic biological treating device |
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| JP34715499A JP2001162141A (en) | 1999-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Aerobic biological treating device |
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| JP2001162141A true JP2001162141A (en) | 2001-06-19 |
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