JP2001155917A - Superconducting magnet, superconducting magnet coil excitation method and refrigerant flow rate control device - Google Patents
Superconducting magnet, superconducting magnet coil excitation method and refrigerant flow rate control deviceInfo
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- JP2001155917A JP2001155917A JP33851299A JP33851299A JP2001155917A JP 2001155917 A JP2001155917 A JP 2001155917A JP 33851299 A JP33851299 A JP 33851299A JP 33851299 A JP33851299 A JP 33851299A JP 2001155917 A JP2001155917 A JP 2001155917A
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- superconducting
- coil
- temperature
- superconducting magnet
- magnet device
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、低温に冷却される
超電導コイルの電源として温度差によって発電できる熱
電素子（熱電対、ペルチェ素子）を利用した、冷却励磁
型の超電導マグネット装置、超電導コイル励磁方法並び
に冷媒流量制御装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling excitation type superconducting magnet device and a superconducting coil excitation using a thermoelectric element (thermocouple, Peltier element) capable of generating power by a temperature difference as a power source of a superconducting coil cooled to a low temperature. The present invention relates to a method and a refrigerant flow control device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の超電導マグネット装置は極低温に
冷却された超電導マグネットと常温空間に置かれた電源
とそれを接続するための電流リードから構成されてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art A conventional superconducting magnet device comprises a superconducting magnet cooled to an extremely low temperature, a power source placed in a room temperature room, and a current lead for connecting the power source.
【０００３】一般に超電導コイルは常電導コイルに比べ
強力な磁場が必要な時に用いられるが、この理由は言う
までも無く、ジュール発熱を伴わないで大電流（１００
Ａ〜１００ｋＡ）を流すことができ常電導マグネットに
くらべ強い磁場を発生させることができるからである。[0003] Generally, a superconducting coil is used when a stronger magnetic field is required than a normal conducting coil. Needless to say, the superconducting coil has a large current (100) without Joule heating.
A to 100 kA) can flow, and a stronger magnetic field can be generated as compared with a normal conducting magnet.
【０００４】一方、強い磁場を発生する超電導マグネッ
トの側には、磁場の影響を受けやすい電源制御回路や各
種計測器は置くことができないため、また、鉄などの磁
性材が用いられる電源を含めた機器装置も設置すること
ができないため、銅やアルミ製の電流リードを遠方まで
引き回し電源と超電導マグネットの距離を離して使用し
ていた。On the other hand, a power supply control circuit and various measuring instruments susceptible to the magnetic field cannot be placed on the side of the superconducting magnet that generates a strong magnetic field, and a power supply using a magnetic material such as iron is included. In addition, copper and aluminum current leads were routed far away, so that the power supply and the superconducting magnet were separated from each other.
【０００５】また、この長距離の電流輸送に置けるジュ
ール損失を減少させるために、断面積の大きな電流リ一
ドの敷設や、冷却装置を具備した電流リード、さらには
超電導ケーブルを敷設する試みもなされてきた。Further, in order to reduce the Joule loss in current transport over a long distance, attempts have been made to lay a current lead having a large cross-sectional area, a current lead having a cooling device, and a superconducting cable. It has been done.
【０００６】さらに、超電導マグネット装置に用いられ
る電源は大電流を流すため、電源内の整流素子や導線等
における発熱も大きく、素子や導線の電流容量を通常の
機器に比べ大きく設計してきた。Further, since the power supply used in the superconducting magnet device flows a large current, the rectifier element and the conductor in the power supply generate a large amount of heat, and the current capacity of the element and the conductor has been designed to be larger than that of ordinary equipment.
【０００７】このように超電導マグネット装置の通電時
の電源負荷は超電導コイル本体ではなく、電源を含めた
常温部の電気回路で決定される。これらの損失を減らす
ための設備は電源のする仕事に比べ非常に大きな装置と
なる上、素子の冷却や制御のためにさらに電力を必要と
する。As described above, the power supply load when the superconducting magnet device is energized is determined not by the superconducting coil main body but by the electric circuit of the room temperature section including the power supply. Equipment to reduce these losses is a very large device compared to the work performed by the power supply, and requires more power to cool and control the elements.
【０００８】一方、超電導コイルにはある電流値以上の
電流が流せないと言うしきい値（臨界電流）があるが、
このコイルに対する電源制御が失敗した場合、すなわち
定格電流以上の電流値を流しつづけた場合、超電導コイ
ルが焼損する。また、定格電流値で運転していた場合で
も、何らかの擾乱で常電導転移（クエンチ）することが
あるが、この場合もその事態を素早く検出し、電流を下
げる必要がある。On the other hand, there is a threshold (critical current) that a superconducting coil cannot pass a current exceeding a certain current value.
If power supply control for this coil fails, that is, if a current value equal to or higher than the rated current continues to flow, the superconducting coil will burn out. In addition, even when the motor is operated at the rated current value, normal conduction transition (quenching) may occur due to some disturbance. In such a case, it is necessary to detect the situation quickly and reduce the current.
【０００９】この対策として、コイルの異常を検出する
様々な装置（クエンチ検出器等）を設置し、その信号を
もとに電源制御を行うことでコイルの焼損を防いでき
た。As a countermeasure, various devices (such as a quench detector) for detecting abnormalities of the coil are installed, and the power is controlled based on the signals to prevent the coil from burning.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
超電導マグネット装置においては以下の問題点を有す
る。However, the conventional superconducting magnet device has the following problems.
【００１１】（１）電源装置、ケーブル等が大型化し不
経済である。(1) The power supply unit, cables, etc. are large and uneconomical.
【００１２】（２）飛行機、宇宙船等に重量、容積に制
限がある場合に搭載が困難である。(2) It is difficult to mount an airplane, a spacecraft or the like when the weight and volume are limited.
【００１３】（３）超電導コイルがクエンチした時に、
その検出に失敗するとコイルを焼損する。(3) When the superconducting coil is quenched,
If the detection fails, the coil will burn out.
【００１４】本発明は、前記問題点を解決するためなさ
れたものであって、その目的は特別な電源を不要とし、
超電導マグネットを超電導状態にするために必ず必要な
冷却器を利用、すなわち冷却器によって生成される温度
差を利用して発電することで非常にコンパクトな超電導
マグネット装置、超電導コイル励磁方法並びに冷媒流量
制御装置を提供することにあり、また、本発明の他の目
的は、コイルクエンチ時にも、特別な検出装置、安全装
置が不要な自己制御型の超電導マグネット装置、超電導
コイル励磁方法並びに冷媒流量制御装置を提供すること
にある。The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has as its object no special power supply.
Very compact superconducting magnet device, superconducting coil excitation method, and refrigerant flow control by utilizing a cooler that is necessary to bring the superconducting magnet into a superconducting state, that is, by using the temperature difference generated by the cooler to generate power. Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-controlling superconducting magnet device, a superconducting coil exciting method, and a refrigerant flow control device that do not require a special detection device, a safety device, even when a coil is quenched. Is to provide.
【００１５】[0015]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するた
め、請求項１に対応する発明は、超電導転移温度以下に
冷却される超電導コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置
において、前記超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異
なる第１及び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接
続した超電導マグネット装置である。According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, between the two terminals of the superconducting coil. , A superconducting magnet device in which at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series.
【００１６】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２に対応
する発明は、前記第１の熱電素子と前記第２の熱電素子
の接合部の温度を、前記超電導コイルの温度とは異なる
ように設定した請求項１に記載の超電導マグネット装置
である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a temperature of a junction between the first thermoelectric element and the second thermoelectric element is set to be different from a temperature of the superconducting coil. A superconducting magnet device according to claim 1.
【００１７】前記目的を達成するため、請求項３に対応
する発明は、前記第１の熱電素子と前記第２の熱電素子
の接合部の温度を、前記超電導コイルの温度よりも高く
設定した請求項１に記載の超電導マグネット装置であ
る。According to a third aspect of the present invention, a temperature of a junction between the first thermoelectric element and the second thermoelectric element is set higher than a temperature of the superconducting coil. Item 2. A superconducting magnet device according to item 1.
【００１８】前記目的を達成するため、請求項４に対応
する発明は、前記超電導コイルの正極とするべき端子に
前記熱電素子のうちの熱起電力の小さい熱電素子を接続
し、前記超電導コイルの負極とするべき端子に前記熱電
素子のうちの熱起電力の大きい熱電素子を接続した請求
項１〜３のいずれか一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置
である。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a thermoelectric element having a small thermoelectromotive force among the thermoelectric elements is connected to a terminal to be a positive electrode of the superconducting coil. The superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thermoelectric element having a large thermoelectromotive force among the thermoelectric elements is connected to a terminal to be a negative electrode.
【００１９】前記目的を達成するため、請求項５に対応
する発明は、前記超電導コイルの正極とするべき端子に
接続する熱電素子としてｐ型半導体を用い、前記超電導
コイルの負極とするべき端子に接続する熱電素子として
ｎ型半導体を用いた請求項４に記載の超電導マグネット
装置である。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a p-type semiconductor is used as a thermoelectric element connected to a terminal to be a positive electrode of the superconducting coil, and a terminal to be a negative electrode of the superconducting coil is provided. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 4, wherein an n-type semiconductor is used as a thermoelectric element to be connected.
【００２０】前記目的を達成するため、請求項６に対応
する発明は、前記超電導コイルを、冷媒が収納された断
熱容器内に収容し、前記熱電素子の接合部を室温雰囲気
中に設置した請求項１から５のいずれか一つに記載の超
電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention corresponding to claim 6 is that the superconducting coil is housed in a heat insulating container containing a refrigerant, and the junction of the thermoelectric elements is installed in a room temperature atmosphere. Item 6. The superconducting magnet device according to any one of Items 1 to 5.
【００２１】前記目的を達成するため、請求項７に対応
する発明は、前記超電導コイルを第１の熱伝導材を介し
て単段の冷凍機の低温側ステージに熱的に接触させ、前
記熱電素子の接合部を第２の熱伝導材を介して前記冷凍
機の常温部と熱的に接触さたせた請求項１から６のいず
れか一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 7 relates to a method in which the superconducting coil is brought into thermal contact with a low-temperature side stage of a single-stage refrigerator through a first heat conductive material, The superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a joining portion of the element is brought into thermal contact with a room temperature portion of the refrigerator through a second heat conductive material.
【００２２】前記目的を達成するため、請求項８に対応
する発明は、前記熱伝導材のうち、少なくとも前記熱電
素子の接合部と前記冷凍機の常温部を熱的に接触させて
いる第２の熱伝導材との間の熱抵抗を可変できるように
構成した請求項７に記載の超電導マグネット装置であ
る。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 8 is a second aspect of the present invention, wherein at least a junction of the thermoelectric element and a room temperature part of the refrigerator are in thermal contact with each other. 8. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 7, wherein a thermal resistance between the superconducting material and the heat conductive material is variable.
【００２３】前記目的を達成するため、請求項９に対応
する発明は、前記超電導コイルは、多段構成の冷凍機の
低温側ステージに熱的に接触され、一方前記熱電素子接
合部は前記冷凍機の高温側ステージに熱的に接触させた
請求項１〜５のいずれか一つに記載の超電導マグネット
装置である。In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the superconducting coil is thermally contacted with a low-temperature side stage of a multi-stage refrigerator, while the thermoelectric element junction is connected to the refrigerator. The superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the superconducting magnet device is brought into thermal contact with the high temperature side stage.
【００２４】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１０に対
応する発明は、請求項１〜５のいずれか一つに記載の超
電導コイルは、多段構成の冷凍機の低温側ステージに熱
的に接触され、前記超電導コイルの両端子には高温超電
導電流リードを接続し、この電流リードの高温側端子を
前記冷凍機の高温側ステージに熱的に接続すると共に、
前記熱電素子の接合部の低温側端子を前記冷凍機の高温
側ステ−ジに、前記熱電素子の接合部の高温側端子を常
温部にそれぞれ熱的に接触させた超電導マグネット装置
である。In order to achieve the above object, a tenth aspect of the present invention provides a superconducting coil according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the superconducting coil is in thermal contact with a low-temperature stage of a multistage refrigerator. A high-temperature superconducting current lead is connected to both terminals of the superconducting coil, and a high-temperature terminal of the current lead is thermally connected to a high-temperature stage of the refrigerator.
A superconducting magnet device wherein the low-temperature side terminal of the junction of the thermoelectric element is in thermal contact with the high-temperature side stage of the refrigerator, and the high-temperature side terminal of the junction of the thermoelectric element is in thermal contact with the room temperature portion.
【００２５】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１１に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部にヒータを取り付
けた請求項１〜１０のいずれか一つに記載の超電導マグ
ネット装置。According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a superconducting magnet apparatus according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein a heater is attached to a junction of the thermoelectric elements.
【００２６】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１２に対
応する発明は、前記冷凍機のステージの温度を任意に制
御できる温度制御装置を具備した請求項７、８、９、１
０、１１のいずれか一つに記載の超電導マグネッ卜装置
である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention corresponding to claim 12 is provided with a temperature control device capable of arbitrarily controlling the temperature of the stage of the refrigerator.
The superconducting magnet device according to any one of 0 and 11.
【００２７】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１３に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部及び前記超電導コ
イルと前記熱電素子との接続部の少なくとも一方に、発
生磁場あるいは電流値の信号に基づき各部の温度を制御
する温度制御装置を具備した請求項７、８、９、１０、
１１のいずれか一つに記載の超電導マグネッ卜装置であ
る。In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 13 is characterized in that at least one of a junction of the thermoelectric element and a connection between the superconducting coil and the thermoelectric element includes a signal of a generated magnetic field or a current value. 7. A temperature control device for controlling the temperature of each part based on the temperature control device.
12. The superconducting magnet device according to any one of 11.
【００２８】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１４に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にスイッチ
を接続した請求項１〜１３のいずか一つに記載の超電導
マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 14 is directed to a superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements. is there.
【００２９】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１５に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にスイッチ
を接続し、該スイッチに並列に抵抗を接続した請求項１
〜１３のいずか一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置であ
る。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 15 is that a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements, and a resistor is connected in parallel to the switch.
It is a superconducting magnet device according to any one of Nos. 1 to 13.
【００３０】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１６に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にスイッチ
及び可変抵抗を接続し、該スイッチ及び可変抵抗に並列
に抵抗を接続した請求項１〜１３のいずか一つに記載の
超電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 16 is that a switch and a variable resistor are connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric element, and a resistor is connected in parallel to the switch and the variable resistor. A superconducting magnet device according to any one of 1 to 13.
【００３１】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１７に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にスイッチ
を接続し、該スイッチに並列にコイル励磁用電源を接続
したことを特徴とする請求項１〜１３のいずか一つに記
載の超電導マグネット装置である。To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 17 is characterized in that a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements, and a coil excitation power supply is connected in parallel with the switch. A superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
【００３２】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１８に対
応する発明は、請求項１７に記載のコイル励磁用電源
は、前記熱電素子が発生する電流と同方向に接続した超
電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 18 is a superconducting magnet device in which the coil excitation power supply according to claim 17 is connected in the same direction as the current generated by the thermoelectric element.
【００３３】前記目的を達成するため、請求項１９に対
応する発明は、請求項１７又は１８に記載のコイル励磁
用電源の端子は、前記熱電素子の接合部に対して着脱可
能な構成とした超電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 19 is configured such that the terminal of the coil excitation power supply according to claim 17 or 18 is detachable from the junction of the thermoelectric element. It is a superconducting magnet device.
【００３４】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２０に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にダイオー
ドを接続し、該ダイオードに並列にコイル励磁用電源を
接続した請求項１７、１８、１９のいずか一つに記載の
超電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 20 is that a diode is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements, and a power supply for coil excitation is connected in parallel with the diode. , 19 is a superconducting magnet device.
【００３５】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２１に対
応する発明は、請求項２０に記載の前記ダイオードは、
アノード側を前記コイル励磁用電源の負極側に、カソー
ド側を前記コイル励磁電源の正極側にそれぞれ接続した
超電導マグネット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 21 is the invention according to claim 20, wherein the diode is
A superconducting magnet device in which an anode side is connected to a negative electrode side of the coil excitation power supply, and a cathode side is connected to a positive electrode side of the coil excitation power supply.
【００３６】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２２に対
応する発明は、超電導転移温度以下に冷却される超電導
コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、前記超
電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及び第２
の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続すると共に前記
熱電素子の一つにりん脱酸銅を使用した超電導マグネッ
ト装置である。In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 22 is a superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, wherein a terminal having a different thermoelectric power is connected between both terminals of the superconducting coil. 1st and 2nd
A superconducting magnet device in which at least one pair of the thermoelectric elements is connected in series, and one of the thermoelectric elements is made of phosphorus deoxidized copper.
【００３７】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２３に対
応する発明は、超電導転移温度以下に冷却される超電導
コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、前記超
電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及び第２
の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続すると共に前記
熱電素子のひとつを磁性材で構成し、該磁性材を前記超
電導コイルの鉄心として利用する超電導マグネット装置
である。In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 23 is a superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, wherein a different thermoelectric power is applied between both terminals of the superconducting coil. 1st and 2nd
A superconducting magnet device in which at least one thermoelectric element is connected in series and one of the thermoelectric elements is made of a magnetic material, and the magnetic material is used as an iron core of the superconducting coil.
【００３８】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２４に対
応する発明は、超電導転移温度以下に冷却される超電導
コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、前記超
電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及び第２
の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続すると共に前記
超電導コイルとこれに接続された熱電素子の接合部との
間に輻射シールドを配置した超電導マグネット装置であ
る。To achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 24 is a superconducting magnet apparatus having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, wherein a second terminal having a different thermoelectric power is connected between both terminals of the superconducting coil. 1st and 2nd
And a radiation shield is arranged between the superconducting coil and a junction of the thermoelectric element connected to the superconducting coil.
【００３９】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２５に対
応する発明は、前記熱電素子の接合部に熱容量の大きな
ヒートシンクを設けた請求項２４に記載の超電導マグネ
ット装置である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention corresponding to claim 25 is the superconducting magnet device according to claim 24, wherein a heat sink having a large heat capacity is provided at the junction of the thermoelectric elements.
【００４０】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２６に対
応する発明は、超電導転移温度以下に冷却される超電導
コイルと、該超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異な
る第１及び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続
し、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にスイッチを接続し、
該スイッチに並列にコイル励磁用電源を接続した超電導
マグネット装置において、前記超電導コイルの定格電流
までは、前記コイル励磁用電源を用いて励磁し、定格電
流通電時に該コイル励磁用電源を除いた電気回路で発生
する電圧が前記熱電素子による発生電圧と等しくなるよ
うに、前記熱電素子の接合部及びコイルとの接合部の少
なくとも一方の温度を制御する超電導コイル励磁方法で
ある。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 26 is characterized in that a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, and first and second thermoelectric powers having different thermoelectric powers are provided between both terminals of the superconducting coil. At least one pair of thermoelectric elements are connected in series, and a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements,
In a superconducting magnet device in which a coil excitation power supply is connected in parallel with the switch, up to the rated current of the superconducting coil, the coil is energized using the coil excitation power supply, and when the rated current is applied, the coil excitation power supply is removed. A superconducting coil excitation method for controlling the temperature of at least one of the junction of the thermoelectric element and the junction with the coil such that the voltage generated in the circuit is equal to the voltage generated by the thermoelectric element.
【００４１】前記目的を達成するため、請求項２７に対
応する発明は、冷媒通路に、低温冷媒を供給して被冷却
物を冷却すると共に該低温冷媒の流量を調整するための
流量調整電磁バルブを備えた冷媒流量制御装置におい
て、前記電磁バルブの超電導コイルの両端子に熱電能の
異なる第１及び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に
接続し、該熱電素子の熱起電力により該超電導コイルを
励磁して該電磁バルブを動作させるようにした冷媒流量
制御装置である。In order to achieve the above object, an invention corresponding to claim 27 is a flow control solenoid valve for supplying a low-temperature refrigerant to a refrigerant passage to cool an object to be cooled and to adjust a flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant. A first and a second thermoelectric element having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series to at least two terminals of the superconducting coil of the electromagnetic valve, and the superconducting coil is heated by the thermoelectromotive force of the thermoelectric element. Is a refrigerant flow control device in which the electromagnetic valve is excited to operate the electromagnetic valve.
【００４２】[0042]
【発明の実施形態】以下図面を参照して、本発明の実施
形態について説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００４３】＜第１の実施形態＞図１は本発明の第１の
実施形態を説明するための図であり、以下のように構成
されている。図示しない冷却器により超電導転移温度以
下に冷却される超電導コイル３と、超電導コイル３の両
端子間を電気的に接続する接合部（リード部材）４によ
って構成される超電導マグネット装置において、接合部
（リード部材）４に、熱電能の異なる第１の熱電素子
（熱電能材）１及び第２の熱電素子（熱電能材）２を少
なくとも一対直列に接続したものである。<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention, and is configured as follows. In a superconducting magnet device composed of a superconducting coil 3 cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower by a cooler (not shown) and a joint (lead member) 4 for electrically connecting both terminals of the superconducting coil 3, a joint ( At least one pair of a first thermoelectric element (thermoelectric material) 1 and a second thermoelectric element (thermoelectric material) 2 having different thermoelectric powers are connected to a lead member 4 in series.
【００４４】ここで、熱電能とはある物質において１
（Ｋ）の温度差で発生する熱起電力（μＶ）の値を指し
ている。超電導コイル３を超電導転移温度以下に冷却す
る冷却器としては、液体ヘリウム、超臨界ヘリウム、液
体水素、液体ネオン、液体窒素等の冷媒を用いて冷却す
るものや、冷凍機を使用したり、これ以外に何等かの手
段で行なってもよい。Here, thermoelectric power is defined as 1
(K) indicates the value of the thermoelectromotive force (μV) generated by the temperature difference. As a cooler for cooling the superconducting coil 3 to a temperature lower than the superconducting transition temperature, a cooler using a refrigerant such as liquid helium, supercritical helium, liquid hydrogen, liquid neon, liquid nitrogen, or a refrigerator may be used. Any other method may be used.
【００４５】熱電素子１，２としては、熱電能の異なる
２種類の金属あるいはｐ型半導体、ｎ型半導体が用いら
れる。As the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2, two kinds of metals having different thermoelectric powers, or p-type semiconductors and n-type semiconductors are used.
【００４６】ここで、熱電能の異なる２種類の金属とし
て、低温において比較的起電力の大きな材料の組み合わ
せを選ぶことで、室温から液体窒素温度までの温度差で
例えば銅・コンスタンタンでは６ｍＶ、鉄・コンスタン
タンでは９ｍＶ、ニクロム・金コバルトでは１２ｍＶの
熱起電力を得ることができる。Here, by selecting a combination of materials having a relatively large electromotive force at a low temperature as two kinds of metals having different thermoelectric powers, for example, 6 mV for copper / constantan, -A constant electromotive force of 9 mV can be obtained with Constantan, and 12 mV can be obtained with Nichrome and gold cobalt.
【００４７】また、超電導コイル３は強磁場を発生する
ため磁場中での熱起電力の減少が少ないクロメル・コン
スタンタンや銅鉄・クロメルなどの組み合わせも有効で
ある。さらにｐ型半導体、ｎ型半導体としては、例えば
Ｐｂ−Ｔｅ素子、Ｂｉ−Ｔｅ素子、Ｂｉ−Ｓｂ素子が考
えられる。Further, since the superconducting coil 3 generates a strong magnetic field, a combination of chromel / constantan, copper-iron / chromel, etc., in which the thermal electromotive force in the magnetic field is hardly reduced, is also effective. Further, as the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor, for example, a Pb-Te element, a Bi-Te element, and a Bi-Sb element can be considered.
【００４８】ー方、熱電素子が磁場によって起電力が小
さくなる性質を逆に利用して発生起電力を制御する、す
なわち最大磁場を制御することも可能である。この小さ
な起電力を利用して、抵抗がゼロの超電導コイルに電流
を流すことが可能となる。この結果、特別な電源を用意
しなくても超電導マグネットを励磁することが可能にな
る。On the other hand, it is also possible to control the generated electromotive force, that is, control the maximum magnetic field, by utilizing the property that the electromotive force of the thermoelectric element is reduced by the magnetic field. Utilizing this small electromotive force, it becomes possible to pass a current through a superconducting coil having zero resistance. As a result, the superconducting magnet can be excited without preparing a special power supply.
【００４９】また、本実施形態では超電導コイル３を、
冷却器により冷却することで超電導コイル３に電流が流
れ磁石となり、コイル３が常温に戻るか、コイル３に接
続された熱電素子１，２の接合部がコイル３と等しい温
度になれば減磁されることになり、非常に単純なシステ
ムとなる。In the present embodiment, the superconducting coil 3 is
When cooled by the cooler, a current flows through the superconducting coil 3 to become a magnet, and when the coil 3 returns to normal temperature or the junction of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 connected to the coil 3 reaches a temperature equal to that of the coil 3, demagnetization occurs. Will be a very simple system.
【００５０】より詳細には、熱電素子１，２として例え
ば銅・コンスタンタンの組み合わせで構成した場合、室
温から液体窒素温度の温度差で発生する起電力は６ｍＶ
である。一方、超電導状態の超電導コイル３の抵抗は０
なので、定常的に超電導コイル３に流れる電流は熱電能
を有する熱電素子の内部抵抗で決まる。More specifically, when the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 are composed of, for example, a combination of copper and constantan, an electromotive force generated by a temperature difference between room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature is 6 mV.
It is. On the other hand, the resistance of the superconducting coil 3 in the superconducting state is zero.
Therefore, the current that constantly flows through the superconducting coil 3 is determined by the internal resistance of the thermoelectric element having thermoelectric power.
【００５１】ここで、熱電素子の長さを２００ｍｍ、銅
の断面積を１００ｍｍ２、コンスタンタンの断面積を２
０００ｍｍ２にすると、銅の３００Ｋから７７Ｋまでの
抵抗が２０μΩ、コンスタンタンが３０μΩとなり、こ
の回路の抵抗は５０μΩとなり、オームの法則から定常
的に１２０Ａの電流が流れ通常の超電導コイル３の励磁
電流としては十分である。Here, the length of the thermoelectric element was 200 mm, the sectional area of copper was 100 mm 2 , and the sectional area of constantan was 2 mm.
If it is 2,000 mm 2 , the resistance of copper from 300 K to 77 K is 20 μΩ and the constantan is 30 μΩ. The resistance of this circuit is 50 μΩ. Is enough.
【００５２】そして、本発明においては超電導コイル３
に適用した場合に、コイルクエンチ時に発生する電圧に
より自動的に減磁され特別な検出装置、安全装置が不要
となる。In the present invention, the superconducting coil 3
When this is applied, the voltage is automatically demagnetized by the voltage generated at the time of coil quench, and a special detection device and a safety device are not required.
【００５３】さらに、超電導コイル３が高温超電導コイ
ルの場合には、もし通電電流が臨界電流近くに達した場
合には、高温超電導の特徴でもあるフラックスフロー
（磁束流）電圧が発生し自動的に電流値を抑える、自動
制卸型のマグネットシステムになる。Further, when the superconducting coil 3 is a high-temperature superconducting coil, a flux flow (flux) voltage, which is a feature of high-temperature superconductivity, is automatically generated if the supplied current approaches a critical current. It becomes an automatic control type magnet system that suppresses the current value.
【００５４】＜第２の実施形態＞図２は本発明の第２の
実施形態を説明するための図であり、熱電素子１と熱電
素子２の接合部４の温度Ｔ２と、超電導コイル３の温度
Ｔ１を図示しないと冷却器により任意に調整できるよう
に構成したものである。<Second Embodiment> FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the temperature T2 of the junction 4 between the thermoelectric element 1 and the thermoelectric element 2 and the temperature of the superconducting coil 3 The temperature T1 is configured so that it can be arbitrarily adjusted by a cooler if not shown.
【００５５】このような構成では、例えば、熱電素子１
が熱電素子２より大きな熱電能を有する場合には、温度
Ｔ２＞温度Ｔ１で図中に示す方向に電流ｉが流れる。反
対に温度Ｔ２＜温度Ｔ１であれば図中と逆に電流ｉが流
れ、発生する磁場の向きが逆になる。さらに、温度Ｔ１
と温度Ｔ２の温度差を任意に変えることで発生する起電
力、すなわちコイル３の通電電流、発生磁場をコントロ
ールすることができる。In such a configuration, for example, the thermoelectric element 1
Has a larger thermoelectric power than the thermoelectric element 2, the current i flows in the direction shown in the drawing when the temperature T2> the temperature T1. On the other hand, if the temperature T2 <the temperature T1, the current i flows in the opposite direction as in the drawing, and the direction of the generated magnetic field is reversed. Further, the temperature T1
And the temperature T2, the electromotive force generated by changing the temperature difference arbitrarily, that is, the current flowing through the coil 3 and the generated magnetic field can be controlled.
【００５６】また、温度Ｔ２を温度Ｔ１より高く設定す
ることにより、次のような作用効果が得られる。現在、
実用化されている金属系の超電導線の臨界温度はＮｂ３
Ｓｎ、Ｎｂ３Ａｌで１８Ｋ程度、酸化物系超電導線のＢ
ｉ２２２３で１０８Ｋであり、低温側へ温度差をつける
のは高温側に比べ不利であることがわかる。By setting the temperature T2 higher than the temperature T1, the following operation and effect can be obtained. Current,
The critical temperature of a metal-based superconducting wire that has been put into practical use is Nb 3
About 18K with Sn and Nb 3 Al, B of oxide superconducting wire
It is 108K for i2223, and it is clear that giving a temperature difference to the low temperature side is disadvantageous compared to the high temperature side.
【００５７】さらに、温度Ｔ２＞温度Ｔ１とした方が、
投入エネルギーも少なくなり、経済的である。Further, when the temperature T2> the temperature T1,
The input energy is reduced and it is economical.
【００５８】また、熱電素子１，２の接合部の温度Ｔ２
が超電導コイル３の温度Ｔ１より高い場合においては、
コイル３から目的とする磁場方向を得るため正極となる
端子に熱起電力の小さい材料からなる熱電素子１を接続
し、又負極となる端子に熱起電力の大きい材料からなる
熱電素子２を接続する。The temperature T2 at the junction of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2
Is higher than the temperature T1 of the superconducting coil 3,
In order to obtain a desired magnetic field direction from the coil 3, a thermoelectric element 1 made of a material having a small thermoelectromotive force is connected to a terminal serving as a positive electrode, and a thermoelectric element 2 made of a material having a large thermoelectromotive force is connected to a terminal serving as a negative electrode. I do.
【００５９】さらに、熱電素子が半導体素子から構成さ
れている場合には、コイル３の正極にｐ型半導体素子
を、負極にｎ型半導体素子を用いることで、設計した通
りの磁場方向に励磁が可能となる。ここで、ｐ型半導
体、ｎ型半導体としては、例えばＰｂ−Ｔｅ素子、Ｂｉ
−Ｔｅ素子、Ｂｉ−Ｓｂ素子が考えられる。Further, when the thermoelectric element is composed of a semiconductor element, the p-type semiconductor element is used for the positive electrode of the coil 3 and the n-type semiconductor element is used for the negative electrode, so that the excitation can be performed in the designed magnetic field direction. It becomes possible. Here, as the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor, for example, a Pb-Te element, Bi
-Te element and Bi-Sb element are conceivable.
【００６０】＜第３の実施形態＞図３は本発明の第３の
実施形態を説明するための図である。断熱容器５内に収
納した超電導コイル３を冷媒中に設置し、又熱電素子
１，２の接合部を室温雰囲気中に設置した構成としたも
のである。<Third Embodiment> FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention. The superconducting coil 3 housed in the heat insulating container 5 is installed in a refrigerant, and the junction between the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 is installed in a room temperature atmosphere.
【００６１】このように熱電素子１，２の接合部を室温
雰囲気に置くことで、熱電素子１，２の高温端を特別な
ヒータ等を用いずに室温に保つことができる。By placing the junction of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 in a room temperature atmosphere, the high-temperature ends of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 can be kept at room temperature without using a special heater or the like.
【００６２】この実施形態の構成は、高温超電導コイル
を液体窒素容器に収納し、コイルに接続された熱電素子
の高温端を容器の外に導くことで大気からの入熱を利用
して、高温端の温度をある温度に維持することができ
る。In this embodiment, the high-temperature superconducting coil is housed in a liquid nitrogen container, and the high-temperature end of the thermoelectric element connected to the coil is guided to the outside of the container. The edge temperature can be maintained at a certain temperature.
【００６３】また、熱電素子１，２の熱伝導が大きい場
合には、高温端にフィンなどを設けることで、これを室
温に維持することができる。When the heat conduction of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 is large, fins or the like can be provided at the high-temperature end to maintain the temperature at room temperature.
【００６４】＜第４の実施形態＞図４は本発明の第４の
実施形態を説明するための図である。図４では超電導コ
イル３を冷却器例えば単段構成の冷凍機６の低温側ステ
ージ６ａに熱伝導材７を介して超電導コイル３と熱的に
接続してコイルを冷却し、また、熱電素子１，２の接合
部を熱伝導材９を介して常温部と熱的な接触を持たせた
構成としている。<Fourth Embodiment> FIG. 4 is a view for explaining a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the superconducting coil 3 is thermally connected to the superconducting coil 3 via a heat conducting material 7 to a cooler, for example, a low-temperature side stage 6a of a refrigerator 6 having a single-stage structure, thereby cooling the coil. , 2 are in thermal contact with the room temperature part via the heat conductive material 9.
【００６５】さらに、図４の構成において、熱伝導材
７，９の内、少なくとも熱電素子１，２の接合部４と常
温部を熱的に接続している熱伝導材９の熱抵抗を可変に
できるように構成してもよい。Further, in the configuration of FIG. 4, the thermal resistance of the thermal conductive material 9 that thermally connects at least the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 to the room temperature portion among the thermal conductive materials 7 and 9 is variable. You may comprise so that it may be possible.
【００６６】このように構成された超電導マグネット装
置では、冷凍機６によって超電導コイル３が冷却される
ことによって熱電素子１，２に起電力が生じ始める。In the superconducting magnet device configured as described above, when the superconducting coil 3 is cooled by the refrigerator 6, electromotive force starts to be generated in the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2.
【００６７】熱電素子１，２の常温部と熱的な接触を持
つ異種材料の接続部の温度はこの熱伝導材９の熱抵抗に
よって変化する。本実施形態ではこの熱伝導材９の熱抵
抗を定格通電に必要な電圧を発生するために必要な温度
を与えるため制御可能な構成とする。例えば、機械的に
その接触面積が変化するような熱スイッチや、接触面の
圧力をコントロールする機構を有する熱スイッチなどを
用いて、その温度を制御可能にしている。The temperature of the connecting portion made of a different material that has thermal contact with the room temperature portions of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 changes according to the thermal resistance of the heat conducting material 9. In the present embodiment, the thermal resistance of the thermal conductive material 9 is configured to be controllable to give a temperature necessary to generate a voltage required for rated energization. For example, the temperature can be controlled by using a thermal switch whose contact area changes mechanically or a thermal switch having a mechanism for controlling the pressure of the contact surface.
【００６８】＜第５の実施形態＞図５は本発明の第５の
実施形態を説明する図である。図５では、超電導コイル
３の冷却に冷却器例えば多段構成の冷凍機８を用いる構
成について示している。この超電導コイル３は冷凍機８
の低温側ステージ８ａに熱伝導材７により熱的に接触さ
れて冷却され、熱電素子１，２の接合部４は熱伝導材８
ｃを介して高温側ステージ８ｂに熱的に接触させた構成
としている。<Fifth Embodiment> FIG. 5 is a view for explaining a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a configuration in which a cooler, for example, a multi-stage refrigerator 8 is used for cooling the superconducting coil 3. This superconducting coil 3 is connected to a refrigerator 8
Is thermally contacted with the low-temperature side stage 8a by the heat conductive material 7 and cooled.
The configuration is such that the stage 8b is brought into thermal contact with the high-temperature side stage 8b via the line c.
【００６９】このように構成することによって、熱電素
子１，２の高温側温度を室温以下の低温にすることがで
き、超電導コイル３への侵入熱を抑えることができる。With this configuration, the high-temperature side of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 can be kept at a low temperature of room temperature or lower, and the heat penetrating into the superconducting coil 3 can be suppressed.
【００７０】＜第６の実施形態＞図６は本発明の第６の
実施形態を説明するための図である。図６において、超
電導コイル３は冷却器例えば多段構成の冷凍機８の低温
側ステージ８ａに熱的に接続され、この超電導コイル３
の口出し部には、例えばＨｉＴｃリード１０からなる高
温超電導電流リードが接続されている。この高温超電導
リードの高温側端子を冷凍機８の高温側ステージ８ｂに
熱伝導材８ｃを介して熱的に接触させ接続し、さらに熱
電素子１，２の接合部の低温側端子を冷凍機８の高温側
ステージ８ｂに、熱電素子１，２の接合部４の高温端を
熱伝導材９を介して常温部とそれぞれ熱的に接触させた
構成とする。<Sixth Embodiment> FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the superconducting coil 3 is thermally connected to a cooler, for example, a low-temperature side stage 8a of a refrigerator 8 having a multi-stage configuration.
Is connected to a high-temperature superconducting current lead made of, for example, a HiTc lead 10. The high-temperature side terminal of the high-temperature superconducting lead is thermally connected to the high-temperature side stage 8b of the refrigerator 8 via the heat conductive material 8c and connected thereto. Further, the low-temperature side terminal of the junction between the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 is connected to the refrigerator 8 The high-temperature end of the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 is brought into thermal contact with the normal-temperature section via the heat conductive material 9 on the high-temperature side stage 8b.
【００７１】このような構成とすることにより、熱起電
力を大きく低下させず超電導コイル３への侵入熱を抑え
ることができる。By adopting such a configuration, heat entering the superconducting coil 3 can be suppressed without greatly reducing the thermoelectromotive force.
【００７２】＜第７の実施形態＞図７は本発明の第７の
実施形態を説明するための図である。図７では超電導コ
イル３を冷却するために用いる冷却器例えば単段構成の
冷凍機６の低温側ステージ６ａ、熱伝導材７を介して熱
的に接続し、熱電素子１，２の接合部にはヒータ１１を
取り付けた構成としたものである。この構成は、前記述
べた第１〜第６の実施形態のいずれか一つにも適用でき
る。<Seventh Embodiment> FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, a cooler used to cool the superconducting coil 3 is thermally connected via a low-temperature side stage 6 a of a single-stage refrigerator 6 and a heat conductive material 7 to a junction of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2. Has a configuration in which the heater 11 is attached. This configuration can be applied to any one of the first to sixth embodiments described above.
【００７３】以上述べた第７の実施形態の構成により、
超電導コイル３と熱電素子１，２は同時に冷却され、コ
イル３が超電導状態になっても、コイルには電流が流れ
ずに励磁していない状態を得ることができる。この後、
コイル３に通電し磁場を発生させるためには、ヒータ１
１により熱電素子１，２の接合部４を加温し、熱起電力
を発生させればよい。With the configuration of the seventh embodiment described above,
The superconducting coil 3 and the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 are simultaneously cooled, and even if the coil 3 enters the superconducting state, it is possible to obtain a state in which no current flows through the coil and the coil is not excited. After this,
In order to energize the coil 3 and generate a magnetic field, the heater 1
1, the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 may be heated to generate a thermoelectromotive force.
【００７４】＜第８の実施形態＞図８は本発明の第８の
実施形態を説明するための図である。図８は図４、図
５、図６、図７の実施形態のように、超電導コイル３を
冷却するために冷凍機６，８を使用する超電導マグネッ
ト装置において、当該冷凍機６，８のステージ６ａ，８
ａ，８ｂの温度を任意に制御できる温度制御装置１７を
具備した構成とする。<Eighth Embodiment> FIG. 8 is a view for explaining an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 shows a superconducting magnet device using the refrigerators 6 and 8 to cool the superconducting coil 3 as in the embodiments of FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 7. 6a, 8
It is configured to include a temperature control device 17 that can arbitrarily control the temperatures of a and 8b.
【００７５】この温度制御装置１７は、温度検出器１３
で熱電素子接合部の温度を、１４で超電導コイル３の温
度でそれぞれ測定し、超電導コイル３に流れる電流値を
電流検出器１２により検出し、又はコイル３の発生磁場
を磁束検出器１５により検出し、ヒータ１１およびクー
ラ１６を制御することにより所望の磁場が得られるよう
にしている。The temperature control device 17 includes a temperature detector 13
Is used to measure the temperature of the thermoelectric element junction, and 14 is used to measure the temperature of the superconducting coil 3, and the current value flowing through the superconducting coil 3 is detected by the current detector 12, or the magnetic field generated by the coil 3 is detected by the magnetic flux detector 15. By controlling the heater 11 and the cooler 16, a desired magnetic field is obtained.
【００７６】なお、コイル３に流れる電流の測定にはシ
ャント等の抵抗を有するものは用いず、電流によって発
生する磁場を検出する非接触型の電流検出器例えば変流
器ＣＴなどを用いる。Note that a current having a resistance such as a shunt is not used for measuring the current flowing through the coil 3, but a non-contact type current detector for detecting a magnetic field generated by the current, for example, a current transformer CT or the like is used.
【００７７】＜第９の実施形態＞図９は本発明の第９の
実施形態を説明するための図である。図９では、熱電素
子１，２の接合部に直列にスイッチ１８を接続し、スイ
ッチ１８に並列に保護抵抗１９を接続したものである。<Ninth Embodiment> FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, a switch 18 is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2, and a protection resistor 19 is connected in parallel to the switch 18.
【００７８】このスイッチ１８によって回路を切ること
ができ、コイル３を冷却しても電流が流れない状態をつ
くることができる。The circuit can be cut by the switch 18, and a state can be created in which no current flows even when the coil 3 is cooled.
【００７９】さらに、このスイッチ１８と並列に保護抵
抗１９を配置したことで、励磁されたコイル３をスイッ
チ１８によって遮断する場合、この並列に設けた保護抵
抗１９がコイル３のエネルギーを回収（消費）しコイル
３を保護することができる。Further, by disposing the protection resistor 19 in parallel with the switch 18, when the excited coil 3 is cut off by the switch 18, the protection resistor 19 provided in parallel recovers (consumes) the energy of the coil 3. 3) The coil 3 can be protected.
【００８０】なお、以上述べた図９の構成は、図１〜図
８のいずれか一つの実施形態にも適用することができ
る。The configuration of FIG. 9 described above can be applied to any one of the embodiments of FIGS.
【００８１】＜第１０の実施形態＞図１０は本発明の第
１０の実施形態の構成を説明する図である。図１０では
熱電素子１，２の接合部４に直列にスイッチ１８及び可
変抵抗２０を接続し、該スイッチ１８及び可変抵抗２０
に並列に保護抵抗１９を接続したものである。<Tenth Embodiment> FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the structure of a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 10, a switch 18 and a variable resistor 20 are connected in series to the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2, and the switch 18 and the variable resistor 20 are connected.
And a protection resistor 19 connected in parallel.
【００８２】このような構成において、可変抵抗２０の
抵抗値を変化させることで、コイル３に流れる電流を制
御することができる。なお、保護抵抗１９の働きは、前
記第９の実施形態と同じである。In such a configuration, the current flowing through the coil 3 can be controlled by changing the resistance value of the variable resistor 20. The function of the protection resistor 19 is the same as that of the ninth embodiment.
【００８３】以上述べた図１０の構成は、図１〜図８の
いずれか一つの実施形態にも適用することができる。The configuration of FIG. 10 described above can be applied to any one of the embodiments of FIGS.
【００８４】＜第１１の実施形態＞図１１は本発明の第
１１の実施形態の構成を説明する図である。図１１で
は、ｐ型半導体からなる熱電素子１とｎ型半導体からな
る熱電素子２の接合部に直列にスイッチ１８を接続し、
該スイッチ１８と並列にコイル励磁用電源２１を接続し
たものである。この場合、コイル励磁用電源２１は、熱
電素子１，２によって超電導コイル３に誘起される電流
と同方向に電流が流れる向きに正極および負極を接続し
たものである。<Eleventh Embodiment> FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11, a switch 18 is connected in series to a junction between a thermoelectric element 1 made of a p-type semiconductor and a thermoelectric element 2 made of an n-type semiconductor,
A coil excitation power supply 21 is connected in parallel with the switch 18. In this case, the coil excitation power supply 21 has a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected in a direction in which current flows in the same direction as the current induced in the superconducting coil 3 by the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2.
【００８５】さらに、コイル励磁用電源２１の両端子２
１ａ，２１ｂは、熱電素子１，２の接合部４に対して着
脱可能な構成例えばジャック式としたものである。Further, both terminals 2 of the coil excitation power supply 21
Reference numerals 1a and 21b denote a structure that can be attached to and detached from the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2, for example, a jack type.
【００８６】このように構成したことにより、コイル３
に熱電素子１，２を接合しただけの超電導マグネット装
置では、それまで不可能であった高速励磁が可能にな
る。即ち、熱電発電は発生できる起電力が小さいため、
コイル３が定格電流に達するまでの時間は長時間を要し
ていた。With the above configuration, the coil 3
With a superconducting magnet device in which thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 are simply joined together, high-speed excitation, which has been impossible until now, can be performed. In other words, thermoelectric power generation generates a small amount of electromotive force,
It took a long time until the coil 3 reached the rated current.
【００８７】しかしながら、熱電素子１，２にコイル励
磁用電源２１を接続することで、高速通電が可能とな
る。However, by connecting the coil excitation power supply 21 to the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2, high-speed energization becomes possible.
【００８８】さらに、コイル励磁用電源２１により一旦
励磁した超電導コイル３は、コイル励磁用電源２１と並
列に配置されたスイッチ１８を投入することで通電電流
を維持することが可能となる。コイル励磁用電源２１の
切り替えが行われた後には、コイル励磁用電源２１を熱
電素子１，２の接合部４から着脱することができる。Further, the superconducting coil 3 once excited by the coil excitation power supply 21 can maintain a current flow by turning on the switch 18 arranged in parallel with the coil excitation power supply 21. After the switching of the coil excitation power supply 21 is performed, the coil excitation power supply 21 can be detached from the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2.
【００８９】なお、コイル励磁用電源２１の切り替えの
ためのスイッチ１８を投入する場合には、定格通電時に
電源両端に発生している電圧と同一の電圧が熱電素子
１，２に発生するように両端の温度を制御する必要があ
る。When the switch 18 for switching the power supply 21 for coil excitation is turned on, the same voltage as that generated at both ends of the power supply at the time of rated energization is generated in the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2. It is necessary to control the temperature at both ends.
【００９０】ここで、超電導コイル３の励磁方法につい
て説明する。図１１において、超電導コイル３の定格電
流までは、コイル励磁用電源２１を用いて励磁する。そ
して定格電流通電時にコイル励磁用電源２１を除いた電
気回路で発生する電圧が熱電素子１，２による発生電圧
と等しくなるように、熱電素子１，２の高温側の接合部
４及び低温側のコイルとの接合部の少なくとも一方の温
度を制御するである。Here, a method of exciting the superconducting coil 3 will be described. In FIG. 11, up to the rated current of the superconducting coil 3, excitation is performed using the coil excitation power supply 21. Then, the junction 4 on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 are so set that the voltage generated in the electric circuit excluding the coil excitation power supply 21 when the rated current is applied is equal to the voltage generated by the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2. This is to control the temperature of at least one of the joints with the coil.
【００９１】なお、以上述べた図１１の構成は、図１〜
図８のいずれか一つの実施形態にも適用することができ
る。The configuration of FIG. 11 described above is similar to that of FIGS.
It can be applied to any one of the embodiments in FIG.
【００９２】＜第１２の実施形態＞図１２は本発明の第
１２の実施形態の構成を説明する図である。図１２で
は、図１１の構成において、熱電素子１，２の接合部４
に直列にダイオード２２を接続したものである。この場
合のダイオード２２の極性は、端子２１ｂ側がアノード
となるように接続してある。<Twelfth Embodiment> FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the structure of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 12, in the configuration of FIG.
And a diode 22 connected in series. In this case, the polarity of the diode 22 is connected such that the terminal 21b side becomes the anode.
【００９３】この構成によりスイッチ１８を閉じた状態
でも付加的に取り付けたコイル励磁用電源２１により超
電導コイル３に通電することが可能となる。With this configuration, even when the switch 18 is closed, the superconducting coil 3 can be energized by the additionally provided coil excitation power supply 21.
【００９４】なお、図１２の構成に図９に示すようにス
イッチ１８と並列に保護抵抗１９を接続するようにして
もよく、このように構成することにより、スイッチ１８
による遮断が行われた場合にはコイル３が保護される。The protection resistor 19 may be connected in parallel to the switch 18 in the configuration of FIG. 12 as shown in FIG.
In this case, the coil 3 is protected.
【００９５】また、図１２において熱電素子１，２のい
ずれか一つにりん脱酸銅を用いてもよく、このようにす
ることで侵入熱を低減することができる。In FIG. 12, phosphorous deoxidized copper may be used for one of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2, and in this way, the amount of heat that enters can be reduced.
【００９６】さらに、熱電素子１，２を磁性材（鉄、Ｎ
ｉ等）にし、かつこれをコイル３の鉄心として利用する
ことで、より高性能な超電導マグネットを提供できる。Further, the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 are made of a magnetic material (iron, N
i) and using this as the iron core of the coil 3, it is possible to provide a superconducting magnet with higher performance.
【００９７】以上述べた実施の形態のように、熱電素子
１，２を電源として用いる超電導マグネット装置とし
て、高温超電導コイルを使用することは非常に有効なこ
とである。高温超電導コイルでは負荷率の上昇に伴いｍ
Ｖオーダーの小さな電圧が発生するが、この値が熱電素
子の発生電圧とオーダー的に近い値を示しており、高温
超電導コイルがクエンチに至る前に自己制御がかかる。As in the above-described embodiment, it is very effective to use a high-temperature superconducting coil as a superconducting magnet device using the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 as a power source. For high-temperature superconducting coils, m
Although a small voltage on the order of V is generated, this value is close to the generated voltage of the thermoelectric element in order, and self-control is applied before the high-temperature superconducting coil reaches quench.
【００９８】なお、以上述べた図１２の構成は、図１〜
図８のいずれか一つの実施形態にも適用することができ
る。The configuration of FIG. 12 described above is similar to that of FIGS.
It can be applied to any one of the embodiments in FIG.
【００９９】＜第１３の実施形態＞図１３は本発明の第
１３の実施形態の構成を説明する図である。図１３は超
電導コイル３の両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及び第
２の熱電素子１，２を少なくとも一対直列に接続するも
のであって、超電導コイル３とこれに接続された熱電素
子１，２との間及び熱電素子１，２の接合部４との間に
輻射シールド２３を配置したものである。<Thirteenth Embodiment> FIG. 13 is a view for explaining the structure of a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 shows that at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series between both terminals of the superconducting coil 3, and the superconducting coil 3 and the thermoelectric element connected thereto are connected. The radiation shield 23 is disposed between the radiation shields 1 and 2 and the junction 4 of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2.
【０１００】このように構成された超電導マグネット装
置を宇宙空間で利用する場合に、エネルギー源として太
陽光からの輻射エネルギーを用いる。例えば、高温超電
導コイルの超電導転移温度は１００Ｋ前後であり、通常
宇宙空間に打ち上げられた人工衛星などの最低温度にほ
ぼ等しい。また、宇宙空間は高真空状態であり、地上で
必要とされる真空容器などは必要としない。これらの環
境を利用した最も簡単な超電導マグネット装置が本実施
形態である。When the superconducting magnet device thus configured is used in space, radiant energy from sunlight is used as an energy source. For example, the superconducting transition temperature of a high-temperature superconducting coil is about 100 K, which is almost equal to the lowest temperature of an artificial satellite normally launched in space. Further, the outer space is in a high vacuum state, and does not require a vacuum container or the like required on the ground. This embodiment is the simplest superconducting magnet device utilizing these environments.
【０１０１】本実施形態では、超電導コイル３を冷却す
るため、輻射シールド２３を用いている。熱源となる太
陽と超電導コイル３の間に輻射シールド２３を配置する
ことで、コイルを１００Ｋ以下に冷却することができ
る。In this embodiment, the radiation shield 23 is used to cool the superconducting coil 3. By arranging the radiation shield 23 between the sun as the heat source and the superconducting coil 3, the coil can be cooled to 100K or less.
【０１０２】また、超電導マグネットを励磁するための
電源として、前述している熱電素子を用いる。即ち、熱
電素子１，２の高温端を輻射シールド２３の前面、輻射
源に近い方に置き、コイル３との温度差を大きくとるこ
とで、熱起電力を発生させることができる。The above-described thermoelectric element is used as a power supply for exciting the superconducting magnet. That is, by placing the high-temperature ends of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 on the front surface of the radiation shield 23 and closer to the radiation source and increasing the temperature difference from the coil 3, a thermoelectromotive force can be generated.
【０１０３】＜第１４の実施形態＞図１４は本発明の第
１４の実施形態の構成を説明する図である。図１４は人
工衛星等に取り付けられ常時太陽等の熱源に曝されてい
ない、もしくは、熱源が極端に乏しい場合に、少なくと
も高温側端部に熱容量の大きなヒートシンク２４を設け
たものである。<Fourteenth Embodiment> FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 shows a case where a heat sink 24 having a large heat capacity is provided at least at the high-temperature side end when it is attached to an artificial satellite or the like and is not constantly exposed to a heat source such as the sun or the heat source is extremely scarce.
【０１０４】このように構成することにより、超電導コ
イル３に例えば太陽光のような熱源が届かない場合に
も、ヒートシンク２４にためられたエネルギーによっ
て、マグネットの励磁を継続することができる。With such a configuration, even when a heat source such as sunlight does not reach the superconducting coil 3, the excitation of the magnet can be continued by the energy accumulated in the heat sink 24.
【０１０５】＜第１５の実施形態＞図１５は本発明の第
１５の実施形態の構成を説明する図である。図１５は、
配管等の冷媒通路２５に、低温冷媒例えば液体窒素や液
体ヘリウムを供給して被冷却物２７を冷却するものであ
って、該低温冷媒の流量を調整するための流量調整電磁
バルブ２６を備えた冷媒流量制御装置を示している。<Fifteenth Embodiment> FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
A low-temperature refrigerant, such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium, is supplied to a refrigerant passage 25 such as a pipe to cool the object to be cooled 27, and includes a flow rate adjusting electromagnetic valve 26 for adjusting the flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant. 3 shows a refrigerant flow control device.
【０１０６】具体的には、電磁バルブ２６は電磁コイル
と、弁２６ｂを含むアーマチュアとコイルばね２６ｃか
らなり、電磁コイルとして超電導コイル２６ａを用い、
超電導コイル２６ａの両端子に熱電能の異なる第１及び
第２の熱電素子１，２を少なくとも一対直列に接続し、
熱電素子１，２の熱起電力により超電導コイル２６ａを
励磁して電磁バルブ２６を動作させるようにしたもので
ある。More specifically, the electromagnetic valve 26 comprises an electromagnetic coil, an armature including a valve 26b, and a coil spring 26c. A superconducting coil 26a is used as the electromagnetic coil.
At least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series to both terminals of the superconducting coil 26a,
The superconducting coil 26a is excited by the thermoelectromotive force of the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2 to operate the electromagnetic valve 26.
【０１０７】このような構成で、低温冷媒が流れる冷媒
通路２５と被冷却物２７被冷却体の超電導コイルとの温
度差が熱電素子１，２で検出され、この熱電素子１，２
により発生する熱起電力を利用して超電導コイル２６ａ
が付勢され、これによりコイルばね２６ｃの弾性力に抗
して弁２６ｂが開路されるので、低温冷媒が常に冷えた
状態を得ることができる。With such a configuration, the temperature difference between the refrigerant passage 25 through which the low-temperature refrigerant flows and the superconducting coil of the object to be cooled 27 is detected by the thermoelectric elements 1 and 2.
Superconducting coil 26a using thermoelectromotive force generated by
Is biased, whereby the valve 26b is opened against the elastic force of the coil spring 26c, so that a state in which the low-temperature refrigerant is always cooled can be obtained.
【０１０８】[0108]
【発明の効果】以上説明した本発明によれば、特別な電
源を不要とし、超電導マグネットを超電導状態にするた
めに必要な冷却器例えば冷凍機を利用、すなわち冷却器
によって生成される温度差を利用して発電することで非
常にコンパクトな超電導マグネット装置、超電導コイル
励磁方法並びに冷媒流量制御装置を提供することがで
き、また、コイルクエンチ時にも、特別な検出装置、安
全装置が不要な自己制御型の超電導マグネット装置、超
電導コイル励磁方法並びに冷媒流量制御装置を提供する
ことができる。According to the present invention described above, a special power supply is not required, and a cooler, for example, a refrigerator necessary for bringing the superconducting magnet into a superconducting state is used, that is, the temperature difference generated by the cooler is reduced. Utilizing power generation to provide a very compact superconducting magnet device, superconducting coil excitation method and refrigerant flow control device, and self-control that does not require a special detection device or safety device even during coil quench Type superconducting magnet device, a superconducting coil excitation method, and a refrigerant flow control device can be provided.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施形を説明するための概略構
成図。FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の第３の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第４の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の第５の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の第６の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の第７の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の第８の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の第９の実施形態を説明するための概略
構成図。FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１０】本発明の第１０の実施形態を説明するための
概略構成図。FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１１】本発明の第１１の実施形態を説明するための
概略構成図。FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
【図１２】本発明の第１２の実施形態を説明するための
概略構成図。FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１３】本発明の第１３の実施形態を説明するための
概略構成図。FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１４】本発明の第１４の実施形態を説明するための
概略構成図。FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
【図１５】本発明の第１５の実施形態を説明するための
概略構成図。FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
１…第１の熱電素子 ２…第２の熱電素子 ３…超電導コイル ４…接合部（リード部材） ５…断熱容器 ６…冷凍機 ６ａ…低温側ステージ ７…熱伝導材 ８…冷凍機 ８ａ…低温側ステージ ８ｃ…熱伝導材 ８ｂ…高温側ステージ ９…熱伝導材 １０…リード １１…ヒータ １２…電流検出器 １３、１４…温度検出器 １５…磁束検出器 １６…クーラ １７…温度制御装置 １８…スイッチ １９…保護抵抗 ２０…可変抵抗 ２１…コイル励磁用電源 ２１ａ、２１ｂ…端子 ２２…ダイオード ２３…輻射シールド ２４…ヒートシンク ２５…冷媒通路 ２６…流量調整電磁バルブ ２７…被冷却物 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st thermoelectric element 2 ... 2nd thermoelectric element 3 ... Superconducting coil 4 ... Joining part (lead member) 5 ... Heat insulation container 6 ... Refrigerator 6a ... Low temperature side stage 7 ... Thermal conductive material 8 ... Refrigerator 8a ... Low-temperature side stage 8c ... Thermal conductive material 8b ... High-temperature side stage 9 ... Thermal conductive material 10 ... Lead 11 ... Heater 12 ... Current detector 13, 14 ... Temperature detector 15 ... Magnetic flux detector 16 ... Cooler 17 ... Temperature control device 18 ... Switch 19 ... Protective resistor 20 ... Variable resistor 21 ... Power supply for coil excitation 21a, 21b ... Terminal 22 ... Diode 23 ... Radiation shield 24 ... Heat sink 25 ... Refrigerant passage 26 ... Flow control electromagnetic valve 27 ... Cooled object
Claims (27)
コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、 前記超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及
び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続したこと
を特徴とする超電導マグネット装置。1. A superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, wherein at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series between both terminals of the superconducting coil. A superconducting magnet device, characterized in that:
子の接合部の温度を、前記超電導コイルの温度とは異な
るように設定したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の超
電導マグネット装置。2. The superconducting magnet according to claim 1, wherein a temperature of a junction between the first thermoelectric element and the second thermoelectric element is set to be different from a temperature of the superconducting coil. apparatus.
子の接合部の温度を、前記超電導コイルの温度よりも高
く設定したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の超電導マ
グネット装置。3. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 1, wherein a temperature of a junction between the first thermoelectric element and the second thermoelectric element is set higher than a temperature of the superconducting coil.
に前記熱電素子のうちの熱起電力の小さい熱電素子を接
続し、前記超電導コイルの負極とするべき端子に前記熱
電素子のうちの熱起電力の大きい熱電素子を接続したこ
とを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一つに記載の超
電導マグネット装置。4. A thermoelectric element having a small thermoelectromotive force among the thermoelectric elements is connected to a terminal to be a positive electrode of the superconducting coil, and a thermoelectric element of the thermoelectric element is connected to a terminal to be a negative electrode of the superconducting coil. The superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thermoelectric element having a large electric power is connected.
に接続する熱電素子としてｐ型半導体を用い、前記超電
導コイルの負極とするべき端子に接続する熱電素子とし
てｎ型半導体を用いたことを特徴とする請求項４に記載
の超電導マグネット装置。5. A p-type semiconductor is used as a thermoelectric element connected to a terminal to be a positive electrode of the superconducting coil, and an n-type semiconductor is used as a thermoelectric element connected to a terminal to be a negative electrode of the superconducting coil. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 4, wherein
断熱容器内に収容し、前記熱電素子の接合部を室温雰囲
気中に設置したことを特徴とする請求項１から５のいず
れか一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置。6. The superconducting coil according to claim 1, wherein the superconducting coil is housed in a heat insulating container containing a refrigerant, and a junction of the thermoelectric element is installed in a room temperature atmosphere. 3. The superconducting magnet device according to 1.
して単段の冷凍機の低温側ステージに熱的に接触させ、
前記熱電素子の接合部を第２の熱伝導材を介して前記冷
凍機の常温部と熱的に接触さたせたことを特徴とする請
求項１から６のいずれか一つに記載の超電導マグネット
装置。7. A method in which the superconducting coil is brought into thermal contact with a low-temperature side stage of a single-stage refrigerator through a first heat conductive material,
The superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a joining portion of the thermoelectric element is brought into thermal contact with a room temperature portion of the refrigerator via a second heat conductive material. apparatus.
電素子の接合部と前記冷凍機の常温部を熱的に接触させ
ている第２の熱伝導材との間の熱抵抗を可変できるよう
に構成したことを特徴とする請求項７に記載の超電導マ
グネット装置。8. A thermal resistance between at least a junction of the thermoelectric element and a second thermal conductive material that is in thermal contact with a room temperature part of the refrigerator among the thermal conductive materials. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 7, wherein:
の低温側ステージに熱的に接触され、一方前記熱電素子
接合部は前記冷凍機の高温側ステージに熱的に接触させ
たことを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか一つに記載
の超電導マグネット装置。9. The superconducting coil is thermally contacted with a low-temperature stage of a multi-stage refrigerator, while the thermoelectric element junction is thermally contacted with a high-temperature stage of the refrigerator. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 1.
機の低温側ステージに熱的に接触され、前記超電導コイ
ルの両端子には高温超電導電流リードを接続し、この電
流リードの高温側端子を前記冷凍機の高温側ステージに
熱的に接続すると共に、前記熱電素子の接合部の低温側
端子を前記冷凍機の高温側ステ−ジに、前記熱電素子の
接合部の高温側端子を常温部にそれぞれ熱的に接触させ
たことを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか一つに記載
の超電導マグネット装置。10. The superconducting coil is in thermal contact with a low-temperature stage of a multi-stage refrigerator, and a high-temperature superconducting current lead is connected to both terminals of the superconducting coil. A low temperature side terminal of the junction of the thermoelectric element is connected to a high temperature side stage of the refrigerator, and a high temperature side terminal of the junction of the thermoelectric element is connected to a normal temperature section. The superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the superconducting magnet device is thermally contacted with each other.
付けたことを特徴とする請求項１〜１０のいずれか一つ
に記載の超電導マグネット装置。11. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 1, wherein a heater is attached to a junction of the thermoelectric element.
制御できる温度制御装置を具備したことを特徴とする請
求項７、８、９、１０、１１のいずれか一つに記載の超
電導マグネッ卜装置。12. The superconducting magnet according to claim 7, further comprising a temperature control device capable of arbitrarily controlling a temperature of a stage of the refrigerator. apparatus.
コイルと前記熱電素子との接続部の少なくとも一方に、
発生磁場あるいは電流値の信号に基づき各部の温度を制
御する温度制御装置を具備したことを特徴とする請求項
７、８、９、１０、１１のいずれか一つに記載の超電導
マグネッ卜装置。13. At least one of a junction of the thermoelectric element and a connection between the superconducting coil and the thermoelectric element,
The superconducting magnet device according to any one of claims 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, further comprising a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of each section based on a signal of a generated magnetic field or a current value.
チを接続したことを特徴とする請求項１〜１３のいずか
一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置。14. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 1, wherein a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements.
チを接続し、該スイッチに並列に抵抗を接続したことを
特徴とする請求項１〜１３のいずか一つに記載の超電導
マグネット装置。15. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 1, wherein a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements, and a resistor is connected in parallel to the switch. .
チ及び可変抵抗を接続し、該スイッチ及び可変抵抗に並
列に抵抗を接続したことを特徴とする請求項１〜１３の
いずか一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置。16. The switch according to claim 1, wherein a switch and a variable resistor are connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric element, and a resistor is connected in parallel to the switch and the variable resistor. 3. The superconducting magnet device according to 1.
チを接続し、該スイッチに並列にコイル励磁用電源を接
続したことを特徴とする請求項１〜１３のいずか一つに
記載の超電導マグネット装置。17. The method according to claim 1, wherein a switch is connected in series to the junction of the thermoelectric elements, and a coil excitation power supply is connected in parallel to the switch. Superconducting magnet device.
子が発生する電流と同方向に接続したことを特徴とする
請求項１７記載の超電導マグネット装置。18. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 17, wherein said coil excitation power supply is connected in the same direction as a current generated by said thermoelectric element.
熱電素子の接合部に対して着脱可能な構成としたことを
特徴とする請求項１７又は１８に記載の超電導マグネッ
ト装置。19. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 17, wherein a terminal of the coil excitation power supply is detachable from a junction of the thermoelectric element.
ードを接続し、該ダイオードに並列にコイル励磁用電源
を接続したことを特徴とする請求項１７、１８、１９の
いずか一つに記載の超電導マグネット装置。20. The method according to claim 17, wherein a diode is connected in series with the junction of the thermoelectric element, and a coil excitation power supply is connected in parallel with the diode. The superconducting magnet device as described in the above.
コイル励磁用電源の負極側に、カソード側を前記コイル
励磁電源の正極側にそれぞれ接続したことを特徴とする
請求項２０記載の超電導マグネット装置。21. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 20, wherein the diode has an anode connected to a negative electrode of the coil excitation power supply and a cathode connected to a positive electrode of the coil excitation power supply.
導コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、 前記超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及
び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続すると共
に前記熱電素子の一つにりん脱酸銅を使用したことを特
徴とする超電導マグネット装置。22. A superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, wherein at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series between both terminals of the superconducting coil. And a superconducting magnet device using phosphor deoxidized copper as one of the thermoelectric elements.
導コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、 前記超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及
び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続すると共
に前記熱電素子のひとつを磁性材で構成し、該磁性材を
前記超電導コイルの鉄心として利用することを特徴とす
る超電導マグネット装置。23. A superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled below the superconducting transition temperature, wherein at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series between both terminals of the superconducting coil. A superconducting magnet device, wherein one of the thermoelectric elements is made of a magnetic material, and the magnetic material is used as an iron core of the superconducting coil.
導コイルを有する超電導マグネット装置において、 前記超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異なる第１及
び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続すると共
に前記超電導コイルとこれに接続された熱電素子の接合
部との間に輻射シールドを配置したことを特徴とする超
電導マグネット装置。24. A superconducting magnet device having a superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, wherein at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermoelectric powers are connected in series between both terminals of the superconducting coil. A superconducting magnet device, wherein a radiation shield is arranged between the superconducting coil and a junction of a thermoelectric element connected thereto.
なヒートシンクを設けたことを特徴とする請求項２４に
記載の超電導マグネット装置。25. The superconducting magnet device according to claim 24, wherein a heat sink having a large heat capacity is provided at a junction of the thermoelectric elements.
導コイルと、該超電導コイルの両端子間に、熱電能の異
なる第１及び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接
続し、前記熱電素子の接合部に直列にスイッチを接続
し、該スイッチに並列にコイル励磁用電源を接続した超
電導マグネット装置において、 前記超電導コイルの定格電流までは、前記コイル励磁用
電源を用いて励磁し、定格電流通電時に該コイル励磁用
電源を除いた電気回路で発生する電圧が前記熱電素子に
よる発生電圧と等しくなるように、前記熱電素子の接合
部及びコイルとの接合部の少なくとも一方の温度を制御
することを特徴とする超電導コイル励磁方法。26. A superconducting coil cooled to a superconducting transition temperature or lower, and at least one pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermoelectric powers connected in series between both terminals of the superconducting coil, In a superconducting magnet device in which a switch is connected in series to a joint portion and a coil excitation power supply is connected in parallel to the switch, up to the rated current of the superconducting coil, the coil is energized using the coil excitation power supply, and the rated current is supplied. Sometimes, controlling the temperature of at least one of the junction of the thermoelectric element and the junction with the coil such that the voltage generated in the electric circuit excluding the coil excitation power supply is equal to the voltage generated by the thermoelectric element. Characteristic superconducting coil excitation method.
却物を冷却すると共に該低温冷媒の流量を調整するため
の流量調整電磁バルブを備えた冷媒流量制御装置におい
て、 前記電磁バルブの超電導コイルの両端子に熱電能の異な
る第１及び第２の熱電素子を少なくとも一対直列に接続
し、該熱電素子の熱起電力により該超電導コイルを励磁
して該電磁バルブを動作させるようにしたことを特徴と
する冷媒流量制御装置。27. A refrigerant flow control device provided with a flow rate adjusting electromagnetic valve for supplying a low-temperature refrigerant to a refrigerant passage to cool an object to be cooled and adjusting a flow rate of the low-temperature refrigerant, At least a pair of first and second thermoelectric elements having different thermopowers are connected in series to both terminals of the coil, and the electromagnetic valve is operated by exciting the superconducting coil by the thermoelectromotive force of the thermoelectric element. A refrigerant flow control device characterized by the above-mentioned.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33851299A JP4142835B2 (en) | 1999-11-29 | 1999-11-29 | Superconducting magnet device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33851299A JP4142835B2 (en) | 1999-11-29 | 1999-11-29 | Superconducting magnet device |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007258104A Division JP4664952B2 (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Superconducting magnet device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001155917A true JP2001155917A (en) | 2001-06-08 |
| JP4142835B2 JP4142835B2 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
Family
ID=18318864
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33851299A Expired - Fee Related JP4142835B2 (en) | 1999-11-29 | 1999-11-29 | Superconducting magnet device |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4142835B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007173176A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-05 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Power source for superconducting cable apparatus |
| JP2008283803A (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-20 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Superconducting magnet for magnetic-levitation railway vehicle |
-
1999
- 1999-11-29 JP JP33851299A patent/JP4142835B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007173176A (en) * | 2005-12-26 | 2007-07-05 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Power source for superconducting cable apparatus |
| JP2008283803A (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-20 | Railway Technical Res Inst | Superconducting magnet for magnetic-levitation railway vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4142835B2 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
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