JP2001153577A - Variable conductance heat pipe - Google Patents

Variable conductance heat pipe

Info

Publication number
JP2001153577A
JP2001153577A JP33791299A JP33791299A JP2001153577A JP 2001153577 A JP2001153577 A JP 2001153577A JP 33791299 A JP33791299 A JP 33791299A JP 33791299 A JP33791299 A JP 33791299A JP 2001153577 A JP2001153577 A JP 2001153577A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
heat pipe
working fluid
gas
variable conductance
condensing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP33791299A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kenya Kawabata
賢也 川畑
Hajime Noda
一 野田
Toshiaki Nakamura
敏明 中村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Furukawa Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Furukawa Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP33791299A priority Critical patent/JP2001153577A/en
Publication of JP2001153577A publication Critical patent/JP2001153577A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/06—Control arrangements therefor

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a variable conductance heat pipe with improved heat controllability for maintaining a heat radiation start temperature at a specific temperature by preventing working fluid in a heat pipe from passing through a condensation part in the state of steam or liquid drips and reaching a gas well, and preventing the gas well from becoming an extremely high temperature and preventing the amount of working fluid operating as the heat pipe from decreasing and hence from causing dry-out. SOLUTION: The variable conductance heat pipe is provided with a closed container consisting of an evaporation part, a heat insulation part, a condensation part, and a gas well part, a specific amount of working fluid and a specific amount of non-condensation gas being sealed into the sealed container, and a ribbon-shaped buffer material for increasing channel resistance being installed between the condensation part and the gas well part, at the condensation part, or at the gas well part.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【０００１】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、コンダクタンスが
可変型のヒートパイプ、特に、制御性に優れた可変コン
ダクタンスヒートパイプに関する。The present invention relates to a heat pipe having a variable conductance, and more particularly to a variable conductance heat pipe having excellent controllability.

【０００２】[0002]

【従来の技術】通常のヒートパイプは、内部が中空の容
器（コンテナ）からなっており、コンテナ内は減圧され
真空状態にされた後、適量の液体が作動流体として封入
されている。ヒートパイプは、吸熱部（蒸発部ともい
い、被冷却部材等によって加熱され、作動流体が蒸発す
る側）と凝縮部（放熱部ともいい、作動流体が凝縮し
て、液相に戻る側）とからなっており、蒸発し、次いで
凝縮して液相に戻った作動流体がウイック等と呼ばれる
液体還流機構によって吸熱部に戻り、再び吸熱部で加熱
され蒸発するという循環を繰り返す。通常のヒートパイ
プの熱輸送量は、ヒートパイプの吸熱部と凝縮部との間
の温度差によって決定される。2. Description of the Related Art An ordinary heat pipe has a hollow container (container) inside, and the inside of the container is evacuated to a vacuum state, and then an appropriate amount of liquid is sealed as a working fluid. The heat pipe includes a heat absorbing portion (also referred to as an evaporating portion, a side on which a working fluid is heated by a member to be cooled and the working fluid evaporates) and a condensing portion (also referred to as a heat radiating portion, a side on which the working fluid condenses and returns to a liquid phase). The working fluid, which evaporates, then condenses and returns to the liquid phase, returns to the heat absorbing section by a liquid recirculation mechanism called a wick or the like, and is repeatedly heated and evaporated by the heat absorbing section to repeat the circulation. The heat transfer rate of a normal heat pipe is determined by the temperature difference between the heat absorbing part and the condensing part of the heat pipe.

【０００３】しかしながら、被冷却部材等によっては、
所定温度に至るまでは冷却されずに保温したままの状態
に維持し、所定温度を越えて温度が上昇したときに冷却
される状態になることを要求されることがある。このよ
うな状態において、ヒートパイプの吸熱部と凝縮部との
間の温度差によって、直ちにヒートパイプの作動が開始
されてしまうと、被冷却材を所定の温度に保温する等の
冷却の制御が行えないという問題が生じる。[0003] However, depending on the member to be cooled and the like,
In some cases, it is required to maintain a state of keeping the temperature without cooling until reaching the predetermined temperature, and to be in a state of cooling when the temperature rises above the predetermined temperature. In such a state, if the operation of the heat pipe is immediately started due to the temperature difference between the heat absorbing section and the condensing section of the heat pipe, cooling control such as keeping the temperature of the cooled material at a predetermined temperature is performed. There is a problem that it cannot be performed.

【０００４】上述した問題を解決するために、特開平１
０−１２２７７５号公報、特開平１１−６３８６７号公
報に開示されているように、コンダクタンスが可変であ
る可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプが提案されている。In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in JP-A-122775 and JP-A-11-63867, a variable conductance heat pipe having a variable conductance has been proposed.

【０００５】可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプ（ＶＣＨ
Ｐ）は、ヒートパイプの吸熱部の温度に従って、被冷却
部材からの放熱量（即ち、熱輸送量）を可変に制御し、
外部動力やセンサー等を用いることなく、被冷却部材を
所定の温度範囲内に制御することが可能なヒートパイプ
である。換言すれば、可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプ
は、ある温度において所定の熱ダイオード特性を示すも
のであって、吸熱部がある温度に至らないと、実質的に
作動しないようなヒートパイプを可変コンダクタンスヒ
ートパイプという。[0005] Variable conductance heat pipe (VCH
P) variably controls the amount of heat released from the member to be cooled (that is, the amount of heat transport) according to the temperature of the heat absorbing portion of the heat pipe;
This is a heat pipe capable of controlling a member to be cooled within a predetermined temperature range without using an external power or a sensor. In other words, the variable conductance heat pipe has a predetermined thermal diode characteristic at a certain temperature, and a heat pipe that does not substantially operate unless the heat absorbing portion reaches a certain temperature is referred to as a variable conductance heat pipe. .

【０００６】可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプのいくつ
かの方式の中で最も一般的なものとして、従来のヒート
パイプに、作動液と共に所定量の不凝縮性ガスを混入さ
せた可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプがある。[0006] Among the various types of variable conductance heat pipes, the most common one is a variable conductance heat pipe in which a predetermined amount of non-condensable gas is mixed with a working fluid in a conventional heat pipe.

【０００７】ヒートパイプのコンテナ内に混入された不
凝縮性ガス（例えばアルゴン）は、気体の状態方程式に
従って、温度上昇に比例して圧力が増加する。一方、ヒ
ートパイプのコンテナ内の作動流体（例えば水）は、飽
和蒸気曲線が示すように、温度上昇に対して指数的に圧
力が増加する。この結果、ヒートパイプの温度が上昇す
るに従って、不凝縮性ガスと作動流体の蒸気との間に圧
力増加の差が生じる。このように生じた圧力増加の差に
よって、圧力増加が小さい不凝縮性ガスは、圧力増加が
大きい作動流体の蒸気に押し込まれて、相対的に体積が
減少する。[0007] The pressure of the non-condensable gas (eg, argon) mixed in the heat pipe container increases in proportion to the temperature rise in accordance with the equation of state of the gas. On the other hand, the working fluid (for example, water) in the heat pipe container exponentially increases in pressure as the temperature rises, as indicated by the saturated steam curve. This results in a pressure increase difference between the non-condensable gas and the working fluid vapor as the temperature of the heat pipe increases. Due to the difference between the pressure increases, the non-condensable gas having a small pressure increase is forced into the vapor of the working fluid having a large pressure increase, and the volume thereof is relatively reduced.

【０００８】従って、不凝縮性ガスと作動流体の蒸気と
の界面が移動する部分をヒートパイプの凝縮部（放熱
部）として設定すると、放熱量が不凝縮性ガスと作動流
体の蒸気との界面の移動、即ち、ヒートパイプの吸熱部
の温度によって可変するので、吸熱部を所定の温度範囲
内に保つことができる。Therefore, when the portion where the interface between the non-condensable gas and the vapor of the working fluid moves is set as the condensing portion (heat radiating portion) of the heat pipe, the amount of heat released is the interface between the non-condensable gas and the vapor of the working fluid. Of the heat pipe, that is, the temperature of the heat absorbing section of the heat pipe, the temperature of the heat absorbing section can be kept within a predetermined temperature range.

【０００９】このとき、一般に、作動流体の蒸気によっ
て押し込まれた不凝縮性ガスが格納されるガス溜め部
（容積）をヒートパイプの凝縮部に隣接して設ける。理
論的には、凝縮部に対するガス溜め部の容積が大きいほ
ど、放熱量の制御性が良い（即ち、吸熱部の温度を狭い
温度範囲内に維持することができる）。At this time, generally, a gas reservoir (volume) for storing the non-condensable gas pushed by the vapor of the working fluid is provided adjacent to the condenser of the heat pipe. Theoretically, the larger the volume of the gas reservoir with respect to the condensing part, the better the controllability of the heat release amount (that is, the temperature of the heat absorbing part can be maintained within a narrow temperature range).

【００１０】[0010]

【発明が解決しょうとする課題】しかしながら、ヒート
パイプのコンテナ内において、作動流体の蒸発、沸騰が
激しく生じ、蒸気流速も速く、また、厳密には拡散の影
響もあるので、作動流体が蒸気または液滴の状態のまま
で凝縮部を通過してガス溜め部まで到達してしまうこと
があった。この場合、ガス溜め部が高温になったり、ヒ
ートパイプとして作動する作動流体の量が減少して、い
わゆるドライアウトが起きやすくなってしまう。また、
一度ガス溜め部に入った作動流体が、ガス溜め部に滞留
してヒートパイプ部に帰還しないときには、作動流体の
蒸気と不凝縮性ガスの界面の移動に影響を及ぼして、放
熱開始温度が変化するなど熱制御性を変化させるという
問題点がある。However, in the heat pipe container, the working fluid evaporates and boils violently, the steam flow rate is high, and strictly, the influence of the diffusion is exerted. In some cases, the liquid droplets pass through the condensing part and reach the gas storage part. In this case, the temperature of the gas reservoir becomes high or the amount of the working fluid that operates as a heat pipe decreases, so that so-called dry-out is likely to occur. Also,
Once the working fluid once enters the gas reservoir and stays in the gas reservoir and does not return to the heat pipe, it affects the movement of the interface between the vapor of the working fluid and the non-condensable gas, and the heat radiation start temperature changes. For example, there is a problem that the heat controllability is changed.

【００１１】従って、この発明の目的は、ヒートパイプ
内の作動流体が蒸気または液滴の状態のままで凝縮部を
通過してガス溜め部まで到達することがなく、ガス溜め
部が異常に高温になったり、ヒートパイプとして作動す
る作動流体の量が減少してドライアウトが起きることを
防止して、放熱開始温度を所定の温度に維持することが
できる熱制御性に優れた可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プを提供することにある。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to prevent the working fluid in the heat pipe from passing through the condensing portion and reaching the gas storage portion in the state of vapor or liquid droplets, and the gas storage portion becomes abnormally hot. Variable conductance heat pipe with excellent heat controllability that can maintain the heat radiation start temperature at a predetermined temperature by preventing the amount of working fluid that operates as a heat pipe from decreasing or causing dryout Is to provide.

【００１２】[0012]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上述した従
来の問題点を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた。その結果、
可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプが、蒸発部、断熱部、
凝縮部およびガス溜め部からなる密閉容器と、密閉容器
の中に封入された所定量の作動流体および所定量の不凝
縮性ガスと、凝縮部とガス溜め部との間、凝縮部、また
は、ガス溜め部に設置された、流路抵抗を増大させるた
めのリボン状または螺旋状の形状からなる緩衝材とを備
えると、ヒートパイプ内の作動流体が蒸気または液滴の
状態のままで凝縮部を通過してガス溜め部まで到達する
ことがなく、ガス溜め部が異常に高温になったり、ヒー
トパイプとして作動する作動流体の量が減少してドライ
アウトが起きることを防止して、放熱開始温度を所定の
温度に維持することができる熱制御性に優れた可変コン
ダクタンスヒートパイプを提供することができることを
知見した。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has made intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. as a result,
Variable conductance heat pipe, evaporator, heat insulation,
A closed vessel comprising a condensing section and a gas reservoir, a predetermined amount of working fluid and a predetermined amount of non-condensable gas sealed in the closed vessel, and between the condensing section and the gas reservoir, a condensing section, or When the operating fluid in the heat pipe is in a vapor or droplet state, the condensing portion is provided with a ribbon-shaped or spiral-shaped buffering material for increasing flow path resistance, which is installed in the gas reservoir. The gas reservoir does not reach the gas reservoir after passing through it, preventing the gas reservoir from becoming abnormally hot or reducing the amount of working fluid that operates as a heat pipe, causing dryout, and starting heat radiation. It has been found that a variable conductance heat pipe having excellent thermal controllability capable of maintaining the temperature at a predetermined temperature can be provided.

【００１３】この発明は、上記知見に基づいてなされた
ものであって、この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパ
イプの第１の態様は、下記部材を備えた可変コンダクタ
ンスヒートパイプである。蒸発部、断熱部、凝縮部およ
びガス溜め部からなる密閉容器と、前記密閉容器の中に
封入された所定量の作動流体および所定量の不凝縮性ガ
スと、前記凝縮部と前記ガス溜め部との間、前記凝縮
部、または、前記ガス溜め部に設置された、流路抵抗を
増大させるためのリボン状の緩衝材。The present invention has been made based on the above findings, and a first aspect of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention is a variable conductance heat pipe including the following members. A closed container comprising an evaporating unit, a heat insulating unit, a condensing unit and a gas storage unit; a predetermined amount of working fluid and a predetermined amount of non-condensable gas sealed in the closed container; the condensing unit and the gas storage unit And a ribbon-shaped cushioning material installed in the condensing section or the gas reservoir section for increasing flow path resistance.

【００１４】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プの第２の態様は、下記部材を備えた可変コンダクタン
スヒートパイプである。蒸発部、断熱部、凝縮部および
ガス溜め部からなる密閉容器と、前記密閉容器の中に封
入された所定量の作動流体および所定量の不凝縮性ガス
と、前記凝縮部と前記ガス溜め部との間、前記凝縮部、
または、前記ガス溜め部に設置された、流路抵抗を増大
させるための螺旋状の緩衝材。A second aspect of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention is a variable conductance heat pipe including the following members. A closed container comprising an evaporating unit, a heat insulating unit, a condensing unit and a gas storage unit; a predetermined amount of working fluid and a predetermined amount of non-condensable gas sealed in the closed container; the condensing unit and the gas storage unit Between the condensing section,
Alternatively, a helical cushioning material installed in the gas reservoir for increasing flow path resistance.

【００１５】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プの第３の態様は、前記緩衝材が前記凝縮部と前記ガス
溜め部との間に設置されていることを特徴とするもので
ある。[0015] A third aspect of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention is characterized in that the buffer material is provided between the condensing section and the gas storage section.

【００１６】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プのその他の態様は、前記緩衝材が前記凝縮部の前記ガ
ス溜め部側に設置されていることを特徴とするものであ
る。Another embodiment of the variable conductance heat pipe according to the present invention is characterized in that the buffer material is provided on the gas reservoir side of the condenser.

【００１７】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プのその他の態様は、前記緩衝材が前記ガス溜め部の前
記凝縮部側に設置されていることを特徴とするものであ
る。Another embodiment of the variable conductance heat pipe according to the present invention is characterized in that the buffer material is provided on the condensing portion side of the gas reservoir.

【００１８】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プのその他の態様は、前記緩衝材が、前記密閉容器の材
質と同一材質からなっていることを特徴とするものであ
る。Another aspect of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention is characterized in that the buffer material is made of the same material as the material of the closed container.

【００１９】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プのその他の態様は、前記緩衝材が、緩衝材支持部材に
よって固定されていることを特徴とするものである。Another aspect of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention is characterized in that the cushioning material is fixed by a cushioning material support member.

【００２０】この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイ
プのその他の態様は、前記緩衝材支持部材が、前記密閉
容器の軸方向に延びた棒材と、前記棒材の垂直方向に取
り付けられた、流路を有する円盤状部材とからなってい
ることを特徴とするものである。According to another aspect of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention, the buffer member support member includes a rod extending in an axial direction of the closed container, and a flow passage attached vertically to the rod. And a disc-shaped member.

【００２１】[0021]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の平面型ヒートパイプの態
様について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。図４
は、この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプの一例
を示す図である。図４（Ａ）に緩衝材および緩衝材支持
部材の一例の細部を示し、図４（Ｂ）に可変コンダクタ
ンスヒートパイプの全体を示す。更に、図４（Ｃ）に緩
衝材支持部材の円盤状部材付近の断面の状態を概略示
す。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the flat heat pipe of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention. FIG. 4A shows details of an example of the cushioning material and the cushioning material support member, and FIG. 4B shows the entire variable conductance heat pipe. Further, FIG. 4C schematically shows a state of a cross section near the disk-shaped member of the cushioning material support member.

【００２２】図４（Ｂ）に示すように、本発明の可変コ
ンダクタンスヒートパイプは、蒸発部２、断熱部３、凝
縮部４およびガス溜め部５からなる密閉容器１と、密閉
容器１の中に封入された（図示しない）所定量の作動流
体および所定量の不凝縮性ガスと、凝縮部４とガス溜め
部５との間、凝縮部４、または、ガス溜め部５に設置さ
れたリボン状のまたは螺旋状の形状からなる緩衝材とを
備えている。緩衝材は所定の幅および厚さを有してお
り、流路抵抗を効果的に増大させる機能を有している。As shown in FIG. 4 (B), the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention comprises a closed vessel 1 comprising an evaporating section 2, a heat insulating section 3, a condensing section 4 and a gas storage section 5, and A predetermined amount of working fluid and a predetermined amount of non-condensable gas (not shown) sealed in the space between the condensing unit 4 and the gas storage unit 5 or the ribbon installed in the condensation unit 4 or the gas storage unit 5 And a cushioning material having a spiral or spiral shape. The cushioning material has a predetermined width and thickness, and has a function of effectively increasing the flow path resistance.

【００２３】図４（Ａ）は、凝縮部４のガス溜め部５側
に設置されている緩衝材１１および緩衝材１１を固定す
る緩衝材支持部を示す。図４（Ａ）に示すように、緩衝
材支持部材は、密閉容器の軸方向に延びた棒材１５と、
棒材の垂直方向に取り付けられた、流路１４を有する２
個の円盤状部材１２、１３とからなっている。即ち、凝
縮部４の端のキャップ部１８に密閉容器の軸方向に延び
た棒材１５が取り付けられ、キャップ部１８からそれぞ
れ所定の距離だけ離れた位置に、棒材と垂直に円盤状部
材１２、１３が配置され、円盤状部材のそれぞれには、
作動流体の蒸気および／または不凝縮性ガスが通過する
ための流路１４が設けられている。FIG. 4A shows a cushioning material 11 provided on the gas reservoir 5 side of the condenser 4 and a cushioning material support for fixing the cushioning material 11. As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the cushioning material supporting member includes a rod 15 extending in the axial direction of the closed container,
2 with a channel 14 mounted vertically in the bar
The disk-shaped members 12 and 13 are provided. That is, the rod 15 extending in the axial direction of the closed container is attached to the cap 18 at the end of the condensing section 4, and the disk-shaped member 12 is perpendicular to the rod at a predetermined distance from the cap 18. , 13 are arranged, and each of the disc-shaped members has
A flow path 14 is provided for passing the working fluid vapor and / or non-condensable gas.

【００２４】円盤状部材１２、１３の間には本発明のリ
ボン状、または、螺旋状のカール形状の緩衝材１１が挿
入され、固定されている。緩衝材１１は、凝縮部４とガ
ス溜め部５との間、または、ガス溜め部５に設置されて
もよい。上述したようにキャップ部から緩衝材支持部材
を吊り下げて緩衝材を固定することによって、特に、キ
ャップ部から棒状の柱（棒材）を吊り下げ、そこに２枚
の貫通孔を有する円盤状の板を垂直に取り付けることに
よって、２枚の円盤状部材の間に緩衝材を挟み込んで固
定できるので、緩衝材が移動したり緩衝材の密度が変化
したりすることがない。The ribbon-shaped or spiral-shaped cushioning material 11 of the present invention is inserted and fixed between the disk-shaped members 12 and 13. The cushioning material 11 may be provided between the condenser 4 and the gas reservoir 5 or in the gas reservoir 5. As described above, by suspending the cushioning material supporting member from the cap portion and fixing the cushioning material, in particular, a bar-shaped pillar (bar material) is suspended from the cap portion, and a disc-shaped pillar having two through holes therein. By mounting the plate vertically, the cushioning material can be sandwiched and fixed between the two disk-shaped members, so that the cushioning material does not move or the density of the cushioning material does not change.

【００２５】緩衝材１１は、密閉容器の材質と同一材質
からなっているのが好ましい。緩衝材支持部材はコンテ
ナ材、緩衝材と同等な物質からなっていると、腐食や化
学反応の問題が生じないからである。The cushioning material 11 is preferably made of the same material as that of the closed container. This is because, if the cushioning material support member is made of a material equivalent to the container material and the cushioning material, problems of corrosion and chemical reaction do not occur.

【００２６】図４（Ｃ）に示すように、円筒形状の密閉
容器１６の中央部には棒材１５が設けられ、円盤状部材
１２、１３には、複数個の流路（貫通孔）１４が設けら
れている。密閉容器、棒材、および、円盤状部材は、気
密に組み立てられている。As shown in FIG. 4C, a rod member 15 is provided at the center of a cylindrical hermetic container 16, and a plurality of flow paths (through holes) 14 are provided in the disc-shaped members 12 and 13. Is provided. The closed container, the bar, and the disk-shaped member are assembled in an airtight manner.

【００２７】本発明の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプ
においては、凝縮部４とガス溜め部５との間、凝縮部
４、または、ガス溜め部５に設置されたリボン状または
螺旋状のカール形状の緩衝材によって、蒸発部の温度が
上昇すると、作動流体の蒸発圧力が大きくなり、蒸発部
の温度が所定温度を越えると、作動流体の蒸気と不凝縮
性ガスとの界面は凝縮部に到達し、更に蒸発部の温度が
高くなると、作動流体の蒸気の圧力が更に高くなり、作
動流体の蒸気と不凝縮性ガスとの界面は凝縮部の遠端部
に至る。緩衝材に達した作動流体の蒸気は、リボン状ま
たは螺旋状のカール形状の緩衝材によって、凝縮し、作
動流体の蒸気や液滴は、ガス溜め部に進入するのを抑制
される。In the variable conductance heat pipe according to the present invention, between the condensing section 4 and the gas storage section 5, a ribbon-shaped or spiral curl-shaped cushioning material installed in the condensing section 4 or the gas storage section 5. As a result, when the temperature of the evaporator increases, the evaporating pressure of the working fluid increases, and when the temperature of the evaporator exceeds a predetermined temperature, the interface between the vapor of the working fluid and the non-condensable gas reaches the condensing part. When the temperature of the evaporating section increases, the pressure of the working fluid vapor further increases, and the interface between the working fluid vapor and the non-condensable gas reaches the far end of the condensing section. The vapor of the working fluid that has reached the buffer material is condensed by the ribbon-shaped or spiral-shaped curled buffer material, and vapor and droplets of the working fluid are suppressed from entering the gas reservoir.

【００２８】以下に、その詳細を説明する。作動流体の
蒸気や液滴の流れを抑制する（流路抵抗を増加させる）
方法としては、流路を細くすることが考えられる。具体
的には、１）管径を細くする、２）仕切り板を設け、細
穴を開ける、３）障害物を設置する等がある。このう
ち、１）２）に関しては、一方で流速が増加し、また、
流路も直線的であるため、作動流体のガス溜め部への進
入を効果的に抑制することができない。３）に関して
は、線形状の、細線から成り、形状がフレキシブルなも
のが管に挿入しやすい。この場合は、流路は直線的では
なく複雑になるので、作動流体のガス溜め部への流入の
抑制を効果的に行うことができる。The details will be described below. Suppresses the flow of working fluid vapor and droplets (increases flow path resistance)
As a method, it is conceivable to narrow the flow path. Specifically, 1) reducing the diameter of the pipe, 2) providing a partition plate and making a small hole, and 3) setting an obstacle. Regarding 1) and 2), on the other hand, the flow velocity increases,
Since the flow path is also straight, it is not possible to effectively prevent the working fluid from entering the gas reservoir. Concerning 3), a wire made of a fine wire having a flexible shape can be easily inserted into a pipe. In this case, since the flow path is not linear but complicated, the flow of the working fluid into the gas reservoir can be effectively suppressed.

【００２９】ところが、図１に示すように二次元で見る
と、細径の場合はワイヤを回避して矢印で示すように、
ワイヤを迂回するような流れが生じる。従って、作動流
体の蒸気や液滴の流れを効果的に抑制することが困難に
なる。これに対して、本発明の所定の幅および厚さを有
するリボン状または螺旋状の緩衝材（図２）部材を用い
ると、図３に示すように、同じ空隙率の場合でも、緩衝
材の広い面で作動流体の蒸気や液滴の流れを受け止める
ため、作動流体の蒸気や液滴の流れを妨げる効果が大き
い。また、作動流体の蒸気や液滴と接触する緩衝材の面
積が大きいので、作動流体の蒸気や液滴よりも温度の低
い緩衝材の表面で作動流体の蒸気の凝縮が促進される。
このため、不必要にガス溜め部に流入していた作動流体
の蒸気や液滴が、上記２つの作用によって、ガス溜め部
に流入することが効果的に抑制される。また、緩衝材を
密閉容器の部材と同一の部材にすると、腐食や化学反応
の問題がなく、ヒートパイプとして良好な作動が維持さ
れる。However, when viewed two-dimensionally as shown in FIG. 1, in the case of a small diameter, avoid the wire and
A flow occurs that bypasses the wire. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively suppress the flow of the vapor or the droplet of the working fluid. On the other hand, if the ribbon-shaped or spiral-shaped cushioning member (FIG. 2) having a predetermined width and thickness of the present invention is used, as shown in FIG. Since the flow of the vapor or the droplet of the working fluid is received on a wide surface, the effect of obstructing the flow of the vapor or the droplet of the working fluid is great. In addition, since the area of the buffer in contact with the vapor or the droplet of the working fluid is large, the condensation of the vapor of the working fluid on the surface of the buffer having a lower temperature than the vapor or the droplet of the working fluid is promoted.
Therefore, the vapor and the droplet of the working fluid that have flowed into the gas reservoir unnecessarily are effectively suppressed from flowing into the gas reservoir by the above two actions. In addition, when the cushioning member is made of the same member as the member of the closed container, there is no problem of corrosion or chemical reaction, and good operation as a heat pipe is maintained.

【００３０】また、緩衝材を密閉容器内に詰め込むだけ
では、作動流体の蒸気や不凝縮性ガスの流動によって移
動してしまう可能性があり、ヒートパイプの作動が不安
定になる。また、密閉容器内壁に固定するための部材を
取り付けることは接合が困難であるばかりでなく、所定
範囲内に緩衝材を収容したい場合に、他端を固定するた
めの有効な手段がない。従って、凝縮部の端のキャップ
部から緩衝材支持部材を吊り下げて緩衝材を固定する
と、特に、キャップ部から棒状の柱を吊り下げ、そこに
貫通孔を有する２枚の円盤状の板を垂直に取り付ける
と、２枚の円盤状部材の間に緩衝材を挟み込んで固定で
きるので、緩衝材が移動したり緩衝材の密度が変化する
ことはない。円盤状部材の厚さや貫通孔の径は、作動流
体の物性や作動温度等によって適宜選択することができ
る。このとき、緩衝材支持部材がコンテナ材、緩衝材と
同等な物質であると、腐食や化学反応の問題が生じな
い。Further, if the cushioning material is merely packed in the closed container, it may move due to the flow of the working fluid vapor or the non-condensable gas, and the operation of the heat pipe becomes unstable. In addition, it is not only difficult to attach a member for fixing to the inner wall of the sealed container, but also there is no effective means for fixing the other end when a buffer material is to be accommodated within a predetermined range. Therefore, when the cushioning material support member is suspended from the cap portion at the end of the condensing portion and the cushioning material is fixed, in particular, a rod-shaped column is suspended from the cap portion, and two disc-shaped plates having through holes are formed there. When mounted vertically, the cushioning material can be sandwiched and fixed between the two disk-shaped members, so that the cushioning material does not move or the density of the cushioning material does not change. The thickness of the disc-shaped member and the diameter of the through hole can be appropriately selected depending on the physical properties of the working fluid, the operating temperature, and the like. At this time, if the cushioning material support member is made of a material equivalent to the container material and the cushioning material, problems of corrosion and chemical reaction do not occur.

【００３１】なお、キャップ部１８、円筒状の密閉容器
１６および円盤状部材１３によって形成される空間１７
と、ガス溜め部５の間は、図示しない連絡路によって接
続されている。作動流体の蒸気は、円盤状部材１２の流
路１４を通って緩衝材１１に達し緩衝材によって凝縮
し、円盤状部材１３の流路１４を通って空間１７に到達
することはないが、円盤状部材１２の流路１４、緩衝材
１１、円盤状部材１３の流路１４を通って空間１７に達
した不凝縮ガスは、図示しない連絡路を通ってガス溜め
部に収容される。The space 17 formed by the cap 18, the cylindrical hermetic container 16 and the disc-shaped member 13
And the gas reservoir 5 are connected by a communication path (not shown). The vapor of the working fluid reaches the buffer material 11 through the flow path 14 of the disk-shaped member 12 and is condensed by the buffer material, and does not reach the space 17 through the flow path 14 of the disk-shaped member 13. The non-condensable gas that has reached the space 17 through the flow path 14 of the plate-shaped member 12, the buffer material 11, and the flow path 14 of the disc-shaped member 13 is stored in the gas reservoir through a communication path (not shown).

【００３２】このようにして、作動流体の蒸気と不凝縮
ガスは分離され、吸熱部の温度に従って、作動流体の蒸
気と不凝縮ガスと間に圧力差が生じ、作動流体の蒸気と
不凝縮ガスの界面が凝縮部を移動し、放熱量が制御され
る。In this way, the vapor of the working fluid and the non-condensable gas are separated, and a pressure difference is generated between the vapor of the working fluid and the non-condensable gas according to the temperature of the heat absorbing portion. Interface moves in the condensing part, and the heat release amount is controlled.

【００３３】なお、本発明におけるリボン状または螺旋
状のカール形状の緩衝材は、幅１〜４ｍｍ、厚さ０．０
１〜０．２ｍｍの範囲内が好ましい。上述した範囲内の
リボン状または螺旋状のカール形状の緩衝材を用いる
と、作動流体の蒸気が凝縮部において凝縮し、ガス溜め
部内に進入することはない。The ribbon-shaped or spiral-shaped cushioning material of the present invention has a width of 1-4 mm and a thickness of 0.0 mm.
A range of 1 to 0.2 mm is preferred. When a ribbon-shaped or spiral-shaped cushioning material within the above-described range is used, the vapor of the working fluid is condensed in the condensing portion and does not enter the gas reservoir.

【００３４】なお、作動（制御）温度によって、コンテ
ナ材等は適宜選択できる。緩衝材の挿入量は作動流体の
物性や作動温度等によって適宜選定できる。ヒートパイ
プのコンテナ形状は、直管に限られたものではなく、曲
がり部を有するものでも、平面上のもの、その他の形状
であっても構わない。The container material and the like can be appropriately selected depending on the operation (control) temperature. The insertion amount of the buffer material can be appropriately selected depending on the physical properties of the working fluid, the operating temperature, and the like. The shape of the heat pipe container is not limited to a straight pipe, but may be a shape having a bent portion, a flat shape, or any other shape.

【００３５】[0035]

【実施例】以下に、実施例によって本発明を更に詳細に
説明する。 実施例１ 図４に示す形状のこの発明の可変コンダクタンスヒート
パイプを、次の通り製作した。即ち、コンテナは、図４
（Ｂ）に示すように、外径２２．２mm、長さ１０００ｍ
ｍからなるステンレス製のコンテナであり、下端から３
００ｍｍが蒸発部２、上端から３００ｍｍが凝縮部４、
残り４００ｍｍが断熱部３となっている。この発明の可
変コンダクタンスヒートパイプは、凝縮部４の端に更に
直径１３９ｍｍ、高さ８０ｍｍのガス溜め部を有してい
る。The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. Example 1 A variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention having the shape shown in FIG. 4 was manufactured as follows. That is, the container is shown in FIG.
As shown in (B), the outer diameter is 22.2 mm and the length is 1000 m
m, stainless steel container, 3
00 mm is the evaporating section 2, 300 mm from the upper end is the condensing section 4,
The remaining 400 mm is the heat insulating part 3. The variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention further has a gas reservoir having a diameter of 139 mm and a height of 80 mm at the end of the condenser 4.

【００３６】コンテナおよびガス溜め部からなる密閉容
器１は、真空に排気され、その中に少量の作動流体（ナ
フタレン）と不凝縮性ガス（アルゴン）が封入されてい
る。凝縮部４の外表面には（図示しない）放熱用のフィ
ンが取り付けられ、そして、蒸発部２は所要の加熱源に
挿入されている。The sealed container 1 composed of a container and a gas reservoir is evacuated to a vacuum, and a small amount of a working fluid (naphthalene) and a non-condensable gas (argon) are sealed therein. Radiation fins (not shown) are attached to the outer surface of the condenser 4, and the evaporator 2 is inserted into a required heating source.

【００３７】凝縮部４の端部のガス溜め側には、図４
（Ａ）に示すように、幅２ｍｍ、厚さ０．１ｍｍのステ
ンレス製のリボン状の緩衝材１１が設置されている。リ
ボン状の緩衝材１１を支えるために、凝縮部の端部のキ
ャップ部１８に緩衝材支持部材が設けられている。緩衝
材支持部材の棒状の柱（棒材）１５は、直径６ｍｍ長さ
８０ｍｍからなっており、キャップ部１８の端から２０
ｍｍと８０ｍｍの部分に概ねコンテナの内径と同一大き
さの直径を有する円盤状部材１３、１２が設けられてい
る。At the end of the condensing section 4 on the gas reservoir side, FIG.
As shown in (A), a stainless-steel ribbon-shaped cushioning material 11 having a width of 2 mm and a thickness of 0.1 mm is provided. In order to support the ribbon-like cushioning material 11, a cushioning material support member is provided on the cap portion 18 at the end of the condensing portion. The rod-shaped column (bar material) 15 of the cushioning material support member has a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 80 mm, and is 20 mm from the end of the cap portion 18.
Disc-shaped members 13 and 12 having diameters substantially the same as the inner diameter of the container are provided in the portions of mm and 80 mm.

【００３８】円盤状部材のそれぞれには、図４（Ｃ）に
示すように、直径３ｍｍの穴が６個所設けられている。
上下２個の円盤状部材によって挟まれた空間には、約７
gのリボン状の緩衝材が挿入されている。上述した可変
コンダクタンスヒートパイプを使用して、熱輸送の状態
を調べた。被冷却部材の温度すなわち加熱源温度が所定
温度以下のときには、凝縮部４の全域に不凝縮性ガスが
存在しているのでヒートパイプとしての熱輸送は行われ
なかった。被冷却部材の温度が所定温度に達すると、凝
縮部の一部に作動流体の蒸気が存在するようになるの
で、凝縮部の外表面に設けられた放熱フィンから放熱さ
れて、熱輸送（放熱）を開始した。更に温度の上昇に伴
なって、有効な凝縮部が増大して、放熱量が増加し、被
冷却部材の温度上昇が抑制された。凝縮部が作動流体の
蒸気で満たされ、ガス溜め部が不凝縮性ガスで満たされ
るとき、最大熱輸送量に達した。As shown in FIG. 4C, each of the disc-shaped members has six holes each having a diameter of 3 mm.
In the space between the upper and lower two disc-shaped members, about 7
g ribbon-shaped cushioning material is inserted. Using the above-described variable conductance heat pipe, the state of heat transport was examined. When the temperature of the member to be cooled, that is, the heating source temperature was equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, heat transport as a heat pipe was not performed because non-condensable gas was present in the entire condensing section 4. When the temperature of the member to be cooled reaches a predetermined temperature, the vapor of the working fluid is present in a part of the condensing part, so that the heat is radiated from the radiating fins provided on the outer surface of the condensing part, and the heat is transported (radiated). ) Started. Further, as the temperature rises, the effective condensing portion increases, the amount of heat radiation increases, and the temperature rise of the member to be cooled is suppressed. Maximum heat transport was reached when the condensing section was filled with working fluid vapor and the gas reservoir was filled with non-condensable gas.

【００３９】加熱量が増加して、作動流体が凝縮部に到
達すると、蒸発（突沸）の影響で作動流体の蒸気や飛沫
が凝縮部を通過してガス溜め部へ進入しようとするが、
凝縮部の上部に設けられたリボン状の緩衝材を通過する
ときに、緩衝材の流路抵抗によって蒸気や飛沫の速度が
減少し、一部は凝縮して、結果として、作動流体の蒸気
がガス溜め部へ流入することを抑制することができた。When the amount of heating increases and the working fluid reaches the condensing part, the vapor or splash of the working fluid tries to enter the gas storage part through the condensing part under the influence of evaporation (bumping).
When passing through the ribbon-shaped cushioning material provided at the upper part of the condensing part, the flow resistance of the cushioning material reduces the speed of steam and splashes, and partly condenses, and as a result, the steam of the working fluid is condensed. It was possible to suppress the gas from flowing into the gas reservoir.

【００４０】なお、ヒートパイプのコンテナ材、緩衝
材、緩衝材支持部材は、何れもステンレス製であったの
で、作動流体との適合性に優れており、腐食や化学反応
による不凝縮性ガスの発生などの問題は生じなかった。The container material, cushioning material and cushioning material supporting member of the heat pipe are all made of stainless steel, so that they are excellent in compatibility with the working fluid, and are capable of removing non-condensable gas due to corrosion or chemical reaction. No problems such as occurrence occurred.

【００４１】[0041]

【発明の効果】上述したように、この発明によると、ヒ
ートパイプ内の作動流体が蒸気または液滴のまま凝縮部
を通過してガス溜め部まで到達することがなく、ガス溜
め部が高温になったり、ヒートパイプとして作動する作
動流体が減少してドライアウトすることを防止して、放
熱開始温度を所定の温度に維持することができる熱制御
性に優れた可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプを提供する
ことができ、産業上利用価値が高い。As described above, according to the present invention, the working fluid in the heat pipe does not reach the gas reservoir through the condensing portion in the form of vapor or droplets, and the gas reservoir is heated to a high temperature. To provide a variable conductance heat pipe excellent in heat controllability, capable of preventing a working fluid operating as a heat pipe from decreasing and drying out and maintaining a heat radiation start temperature at a predetermined temperature. It has high industrial utility value.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図１】図１は、本発明のリボン状の形状の緩衝材を示
す図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing a ribbon-shaped cushioning material of the present invention.

【図２】図２は、細径の線形状の緩衝材の断面を示す図
である。FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross section of a small-diameter linear cushioning material.

【図３】図３は、本発明のリボン状の形状の緩衝材の断
面を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of a ribbon-shaped cushioning material of the present invention.

【図４】図４は、この発明の可変コンダクタンスヒート
パイプの一例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the variable conductance heat pipe of the present invention.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

１．密閉容器 ２．蒸発部 ３．断熱部 ４．凝縮部 ５．ガス溜め部 １１．リボン状の形状の緩衝材 １２．円盤状部材 １３．円盤状部材 １４．流路 １５．棒材 １６．密閉容器 １７．空間 １８．キャップ部 １９．リボン状の形状の緩衝材の断面 ３０．細径の線形状の緩衝材の断面 1. Closed container 2. Evaporation section 3. Heat insulation part 4. Condensing section 5. Gas reservoir 11. 11. Ribbon-shaped cushioning material Disc-shaped member 13. Disc-shaped member 14. Channel 15. Bar material 16. Closed container 17. Space 18. Cap part 19. Cross section of cushioning material in ribbon shape 30. Cross section of thin line-shaped cushioning material

Claims (3)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】下記部材を備えた可変コンダクタンスヒー
トパイプ蒸発部、断熱部、凝縮部およびガス溜め部から
なる密閉容器と、 前記密閉容器の中に封入された所定量の作動流体および
所定量の不凝縮性ガスと、 前記凝縮部と前記ガス溜め部との間、前記凝縮部、また
は、前記ガス溜め部に設置された、流路抵抗を増大させ
るためのリボン状の緩衝材。1. A closed container comprising a variable conductance heat pipe evaporating unit, a heat insulating unit, a condensing unit, and a gas storage unit provided with the following members: a predetermined amount of a working fluid sealed in the closed container; A non-condensable gas; and a ribbon-shaped cushioning material provided between the condensing section and the gas reservoir, in the condensing section, or in the gas reservoir, for increasing flow path resistance. 【請求項２】下記部材を備えた可変コンダクタンスヒー
トパイプ蒸発部、断熱部、凝縮部およびガス溜め部から
なる密閉容器と、 前記密閉容器の中に封入された所定量の作動流体および
所定量の不凝縮性ガスと、 前記凝縮部と前記ガス溜め部との間、前記凝縮部、また
は、前記ガス溜め部に設置された、流路抵抗を増大させ
るための螺旋状の緩衝材。2. A sealed container comprising a variable conductance heat pipe evaporating unit, a heat insulating unit, a condensing unit and a gas storage unit provided with the following members: a predetermined amount of working fluid and a predetermined amount of working fluid sealed in the closed container. A non-condensable gas; and a helical cushioning material provided between the condensing portion and the gas reservoir, in the condensing portion, or in the gas reservoir, for increasing flow path resistance. 【請求項３】前記緩衝材が前記凝縮部と前記ガス溜め部
との間に設置されていることを特徴とする、請求項１ま
たは２に記載の可変コンダクタンスヒートパイプ。3. The variable conductance heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein the buffer is provided between the condenser and the gas reservoir.
JP33791299A 1999-11-29 1999-11-29 Variable conductance heat pipe Pending JP2001153577A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33791299A JP2001153577A (en) 1999-11-29 1999-11-29 Variable conductance heat pipe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33791299A JP2001153577A (en) 1999-11-29 1999-11-29 Variable conductance heat pipe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001153577A true JP2001153577A (en) 2001-06-08

Family

ID=18313172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33791299A Pending JP2001153577A (en) 1999-11-29 1999-11-29 Variable conductance heat pipe

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2001153577A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9970714B2 (en) 2016-05-11 2018-05-15 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Heat pipe heat flux rectifier
CN114688905A (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-01 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Flexible thermal diode, and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9970714B2 (en) 2016-05-11 2018-05-15 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Heat pipe heat flux rectifier
CN114688905A (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-01 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Flexible thermal diode, and preparation method and application thereof
CN114688905B (en) * 2020-12-31 2023-06-23 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Flexible thermal diode, preparation method and application thereof

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