JP2001152243A - Steel quenching method - Google Patents
Steel quenching methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001152243A JP2001152243A JP32974599A JP32974599A JP2001152243A JP 2001152243 A JP2001152243 A JP 2001152243A JP 32974599 A JP32974599 A JP 32974599A JP 32974599 A JP32974599 A JP 32974599A JP 2001152243 A JP2001152243 A JP 2001152243A
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- Prior art keywords
- quenching
- temperature
- point
- oil
- steel
- Prior art date
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- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鋼材の焼き入れ方
法、特に、マルクエンチ処理する方法に関するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for quenching steel, and more particularly to a method for performing a marquenching treatment.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、歯車等の鋼材部品の焼入れ処理
における焼割れ或いは焼入れ歪みを低減する目的で、図
２に示すように、オーステナイト温度域に加熱された鋼
材部品をマルテンサイト変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上温度
まで急冷し、この温度域で所定時間保持して当該鋼材部
品の表面と内部の温度をほぼ同一温度とした後、マルテ
ンサイト変態終了(Ｍｆ点)以下にまで冷却して鋼材部品
をマルテンサイト組織にする、いわゆるマルクエンチ処
理が行われている。2. Description of the Related Art In general, in order to reduce quenching cracking or quenching distortion during quenching of steel parts such as gears, as shown in FIG. 2, a steel part heated to an austenite temperature region is subjected to a martensitic transformation starting point ( (Ms point), the temperature is maintained for a predetermined time in this temperature range, the temperature of the surface and the inside of the steel component is made substantially the same temperature, and then cooled to the martensitic transformation end (Mf point) or lower. A so-called marquenching process, in which a steel component is made into a martensite structure, is performed.
【０００３】前記マルクエンチ処理は、通常、所定温度
域に加熱された鋼材部品をマルテンサイト変態開始点
(Ｍｓ点)より少し高い温度に維持された溶融ソルト等の
熱浴に入れて急冷し、その熱浴中で前記鋼材部品をその
表面と内部がほぼ同一温度になるまで保持したのち、鋼
材部品を大気中に保持して冷却することによって行われ
ている。[0003] In the marquenching treatment, usually, a steel part heated to a predetermined temperature range is subjected to a martensitic transformation starting point.
(Ms point) After quenching in a hot bath such as a molten salt maintained at a temperature slightly higher than the (Ms point), and holding the steel component in the hot bath until the surface and the inside thereof have substantially the same temperature, then the steel component Is maintained in the atmosphere and cooled.
【０００４】しかしながら、前記従来法では、冷却時に
被処理物の部位間に温度差を生じ易く、被処理物の物理
的形態や性状によっては被処理物に歪みを生じるという
問題がある。これを解決する手段として、所定の焼入温
度に保持した非処理物を、マルテンサイト変態開始点
(Ｍｓ点)直下の温度の高温冷却剤中(鉱物油)に浸し、そ
の後、高温冷却剤の温度より低い温度の低温冷却剤で冷
却する鋼の焼入れ方法が提案されている(特開平6‐2030
号公報)。However, in the conventional method, there is a problem that a temperature difference is easily generated between portions of the processing object during cooling, and the processing object is distorted depending on the physical form and properties of the processing object. As a means for solving this, a non-processed material maintained at a predetermined quenching temperature is treated as a martensitic transformation starting point.
(Ms point) A method of quenching steel has been proposed in which the steel is immersed in a high-temperature coolant (mineral oil) at a temperature immediately below (Minus oil), and then cooled with a low-temperature coolant at a temperature lower than the temperature of the high-temperature coolant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-1994). 2030
Publication).
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記方
法は、高温用と低温用の２種類の冷却剤が必要となるば
かりでなく、高温冷却剤を保有する第１焼入槽と低温冷
却剤用を保有する第２焼入槽が必要となるため、鋼材部
品を第１焼入槽から第２焼入槽に搬送する装置を配備し
なければならず、必然的に設備の大型化および複雑化と
いう問題がある。また、従来法のように、高温用である
第１焼入槽の焼入れ液として、溶融ソルトを使用すれ
ば、鋼材部品に付着した溶融ソルトの洗浄に多量の水を
必要とし、この排水の処理が必要になり、またトレイ或
いは治具に付着した溶融ソルトが炉内の耐火材或いは耐
熱鋼を劣化させるという問題がある。However, the above method requires not only two kinds of coolants, one for high temperature and one for low temperature, but also a first quenching tank having a high temperature coolant and a coolant for low temperature coolant. Since a second quenching tank is required, a device for transporting steel parts from the first quenching tank to the second quenching tank must be provided, which inevitably increases the size and complexity of the equipment. There is a problem. Further, if a molten salt is used as a quenching solution for the first quenching tank for high temperature as in the conventional method, a large amount of water is required for cleaning the molten salt attached to the steel parts, and this wastewater treatment is performed. In addition, there is a problem that the molten salt attached to the tray or the jig deteriorates the refractory material or the heat-resistant steel in the furnace.
【０００６】従って、本発明は、設備の大型化や複雑化
をきたすことなく１槽の焼入槽でマルクエンチ処理を行
うことができ、処理後の取り扱いを簡単化することがで
きるようにすることを目的とするものである。[0006] Accordingly, the present invention is to enable the marquenching treatment to be performed in a single quenching tank without increasing the size and complexity of the equipment, and to simplify the handling after the treatment. It is intended for.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記課題を解
決するための手段として、所定の焼入温度に保持された
鋼材部品をマルテンサイト変態終了点(Ｍｆ点)以下の温
度に維持された焼入油中に浸漬してマルテンサイト変態
開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上温度まで急冷し、当該鋼材部品を
焼入油中から取り出して、当該鋼材部品の保有熱により
マルテンサイト変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度に
なるまで恒温保持したのち、当該焼入油中に浸漬して冷
却するようにしたものである。According to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a steel part maintained at a predetermined quenching temperature is maintained at a temperature lower than a martensitic transformation end point (Mf point). Quenched oil and quenched to the temperature just above the martensite transformation start point (Ms point), take out the steel part from the quenched oil, and start the martensite transformation start point by the retained heat of the steel part ( (Ms point), and then kept at a constant temperature until it reaches a temperature in the vicinity of immediately above (Ms point), and then immersed in the quenching oil for cooling.
【０００８】本発明の好ましい実施態様においては、急
冷時及び恒温保持時の鋼材部品の温度が、予め設定され
た当該鋼材部品の冷却曲線に基づき決定した焼入油中の
浸漬時間及び焼入油中から取り出したのちの放置時間に
より管理されるようにしたものである。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the steel component during quenching and holding at a constant temperature is determined by the immersion time in the quenching oil and the quenching oil determined based on a preset cooling curve of the steel component. It is controlled by the time left after being taken out from the inside.
【０００９】前記焼入油は、急冷時に被処理材のＴＴＴ
曲線の変態線にかからない冷却曲線となるように、焼入
油の種類、温度及び量が設定されるが、焼入油として
は、公知の任意の焼入油を採用でき、具体的には、ＪＩ
Ｓ １種１号焼入油などが挙げられる。また、焼入油の
温度は、２次焼き入れの温度に合わせて３０〜１００゜C
の範囲内の温度に設定され、また、焼入油の量は、１次
焼き入れにより前記設定温度が大きく変動しない量に設
定される。[0009] The quenching oil is used to cool the TTT
The type, temperature, and amount of the quenching oil are set so that the cooling curve does not cover the transformation line of the curve.As the quenching oil, any known quenching oil can be used. JI
S 1 No. 1 quenched oil and the like. The temperature of the quenching oil is 30 to 100 ° C according to the temperature of the secondary quenching.
, And the amount of quenching oil is set to such an amount that the set temperature does not fluctuate greatly due to the primary quenching.
【００１０】また、急冷後、被処理材を均熱化するため
焼入れ室内の焼入油の上方空間に保持されるが、この上
方空間の雰囲気温度は、通常、焼入油の温度とほぼ同温
度である。この空間内に１次焼入れされた被処理材がそ
れ自体の保有熱により均熱されてマルテンサイト変態開
始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度になるまで保持する時間
は、被処理材の大きさ、材質等によって異なるため一義
的に定めることは困難であるが、通常、３０〜３００秒
に設定される。After the quenching, the material to be treated is kept in a space above the quenching oil in the quenching chamber to equalize the temperature of the material to be treated. Temperature. The time required for the material to be primarily quenched in this space to be soaked by its own heat and to be maintained at a temperature just above the martensitic transformation start point (Ms point) is the size of the material to be treated. Since it differs depending on the material and the like, it is difficult to uniquely determine it, but it is usually set to 30 to 300 seconds.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】図１は本発明方法の実施に使用す
る焼入装置の構造を示す説明図で、当該装置は油焼入室
１からなり、当該油焼入室１内の雰囲気を循環させ均一
化する循環ファン２と、被処理材３を降下させて焼入油
４に浸漬保持する一方、当該焼入油４からその上方空間
５に取り出して保持する昇降手段とを備え、当該装置は
扉フード６を介在させて浸炭炉７の出口側に配設されて
いる。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a quenching apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention. The apparatus comprises an oil quenching chamber 1 in which the atmosphere in the oil quenching chamber 1 is circulated. The apparatus includes a circulating fan 2 for making the material uniform, and elevating means for lowering the material 3 to be immersed and held in the quenching oil 4 while taking out the material 3 from the quenching oil 4 and holding it in the space 5 above the quenching oil 4. It is arranged on the outlet side of the carburizing furnace 7 with the door hood 6 interposed.
【００１２】本発明方法の実施に際しては、まず、オー
ステナイト温度に加熱された被処理材３を油焼入室１内
に移行させ、当該被処理材３を焼入油中に浸漬すること
で、当該被処理材表面の温度をマルテンサイト変態開始
点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍まで急冷して１次焼入れを行う。In carrying out the method of the present invention, first, the material 3 heated to the austenite temperature is transferred into the oil quenching chamber 1, and the material 3 is immersed in quenching oil. Primary quenching is performed by rapidly cooling the temperature of the surface of the material to be processed to just above the martensite transformation start point (Ms point).
【００１３】次いで、被処理材表面の温度がマルテンサ
イト変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度に達した時点
で、被処理材３を焼入油中から取り出し、油焼入室内の
上部空間に位置させる。この状態で所定時間放置して均
熱化し、被処理材表面及び内部の温度をマルテンサイト
変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度にする。更に、被
処理材表面及び内部の温度がマルテンサイト変態開始点
(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度になると、再度焼入油中に浸
漬して２次焼入れを行う。Next, when the temperature of the surface of the workpiece reaches a temperature just above the martensitic transformation start point (Ms point), the workpiece 3 is taken out of the quenched oil, and is removed from the upper portion of the oil quenching chamber. Place in space. In this state, the temperature is left for a predetermined time to equalize the temperature, and the temperature of the surface and the inside of the material to be processed is set to a temperature just above the martensite transformation start point (Ms point). In addition, the temperature of the surface and inside of the material to be treated is changed to the martensite transformation starting point.
When the temperature reaches a temperature just above (Ms point), secondary quenching is performed by immersion in quenching oil again.
【００１４】なお、被処理材表面（具体的には、鋼材部
品の焼入れの必要な部位）がマルテンサイト変態開始点
(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度に到達する時点、すなわち、
被処理材３を焼入油中から収り出すタイミングは浸漬時
間により管理する。また、1次焼入れした被処理材３が
マルテンサイト変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度に
到達する時点、すなわち、再度、焼入油中に浸漬するタ
イミングは油焼入室内での放置時間により管理する。[0014] The surface of the material to be treated (specifically, the portion where the steel component needs to be quenched) is located at the starting point of martensitic transformation.
(Ms point) when reaching the temperature just above, that is,
The timing at which the material to be treated 3 is removed from the quenching oil is controlled by the immersion time. The time when the first quenched workpiece 3 reaches a temperature just above the martensitic transformation start point (Ms point), that is, the time when it is immersed again in the quenching oil is left in the oil quenching chamber. Manage by time.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】図２において、ｔ1は被処理材の焼入油中で
の浸漬時間、ｔ2は１次焼入れした被処理材の油焼入室
内での放置時間(均熱時間)を示す。なお、ｔ1(浸漬時
間)及びｔ2(放置時間)は、被処理材３である鋼材部品毎
に焼入れテストにより予め把握しておくものである。In FIG. 2, t 1 indicates the immersion time of the material to be treated in the quenching oil, and t 2 indicates the time (left soaking time) of the material subjected to the primary quenching in the oil quenching chamber. . Note that t 1 (immersion time) and t 2 (leaving time) are grasped in advance by a quenching test for each steel part as the material 3 to be processed.
【００１６】焼入温度(約８５０℃)に加熱されたクロム
モリブデン鋼(例えば、ＳＣＭ４２０)は、浸炭炉７から
油焼入室内に搬送されて、約６０℃に維持された焼入油
(例えば、ＪＩＳ １種１号焼入油)中に約８０秒間浸漬
して急冷する。この間に、クロムモリブデン鋼表面は約
２５０℃に冷却される。The chromium molybdenum steel (for example, SCM420) heated to the quenching temperature (about 850 ° C.) is conveyed from the carburizing furnace 7 into the oil quenching chamber, where the quenching oil is maintained at about 60 ° C.
(For example, quenching oil of JIS Class 1 No. 1) for about 80 seconds and quenched. During this time, the chromium molybdenum steel surface is cooled to about 250 ° C.
【００１７】クロムモリブデン鋼表面が約２５０℃(マ
ルテンサイト変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度)に
到達すると、クロムモリブデン鋼を油焼入室内(焼入油
の上方空間)に位置させて約６５秒間放置する。この間
に、１次焼入れされたクロムモリブデン鋼は鋼材自体の
保有熱により均熱されて約２５０℃の状態となる。When the surface of the chromium molybdenum steel reaches about 250 ° C. (the temperature just above the martensitic transformation start point (Ms point)), the chromium molybdenum steel is positioned in the oil quenching chamber (the space above the quenching oil). And leave it for about 65 seconds. During this time, the primary quenched chromium molybdenum steel is soaked by the retained heat of the steel material itself to a temperature of about 250 ° C.
【００１８】クロムモリブデン鋼が約２５０℃均熱状態
となった後、再度、前記焼入油中に約１２０秒間浸漬す
る。この間に、クロムモリブデン鋼は約６０℃に冷却さ
れる。After the chromium-molybdenum steel has been soaked at about 250 ° C., it is immersed again in the quenching oil for about 120 seconds. During this time, the chromium molybdenum steel is cooled to about 60 ° C.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明は、１槽の
焼入槽からなる焼入室を用い、焼入油としてマルテンサ
イト変態終了点以下の焼入油を用いるので、１槽の焼入
槽でマルクエンチ処理ができるとともに、焼入れ室を簡
単な構造とすることができる。As described above, the present invention uses a quenching chamber consisting of one quenching tank and uses quenching oil below the martensite transformation end point as quenching oil. A marquenching process can be performed in the tank, and the quenching chamber can have a simple structure.
【００２０】また、被処理材である鋼材部品の冷却曲線
を予め把握しておき、鋼材部品の焼入油中からの取出し
タイミング及び恒温保持後の焼入油への浸漬タイミング
を時間管理するようにしたので、鋼材部品の温度が正確
に、かつ、確実に管理できる、など優れた効果を奏す
る。In addition, the cooling curve of the steel part as the material to be treated is grasped in advance, and the timing of taking out the steel part from the quenching oil and the timing of immersing the steel part in the quenching oil after holding at a constant temperature are controlled. As a result, the temperature of the steel parts can be controlled accurately and reliably.
【図１】 本発明方法の実施に使用する焼入装置の構造
を示す説明図FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a quenching apparatus used for carrying out the method of the present invention.
【図２】 ＴＴＴ曲線と冷却曲線を示すグラフFIG. 2 is a graph showing a TTT curve and a cooling curve.
１…油焼入室 ２…循環ファン ３…被処理材 ４…焼入油 ５…上方空間 ６…扉フード ７…浸炭炉 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Oil quenching chamber 2 ... Circulation fan 3 ... Material to be treated 4 ... Quenched oil 5 ... Upper space 6 ... Door hood 7 ... Carburizing furnace
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 松浦 俊幸 大阪府大阪市西区京町堀２丁目４番７号 中外炉工業株式会社内 (72)発明者 田中 健一 大阪府大阪市西区京町堀２丁目４番７号 中外炉工業株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Matsuura 2-4-7 Kyomachibori, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Chugai Furnace Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenichi Tanaka 2--4, Kyomachibori, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. 7 Inside Chugai Furnace Industry Co., Ltd.
Claims (2)
マルテンサイト変態終了点(Ｍｆ点)以下の温度に維持さ
れた焼入油中に浸漬してマルテンサイト変態開始点(Ｍ
ｓ点)の直上温度まで急冷し、当該鋼材部品を焼入油中
から取り出して、当該鋼材部品の保有熱によりマルテン
サイト変態開始点(Ｍｓ点)の直上近傍の温度になるまで
恒温保持したのち、当該焼入油中に浸漬して冷却するこ
とを特徴とする鋼材の焼入れ方法。A steel part maintained at a predetermined quenching temperature is immersed in a quench oil maintained at a temperature equal to or lower than a martensitic transformation end point (Mf point) to start a martensite transformation start point (M
s point), the steel part is taken out of the quenching oil, and kept at a constant temperature until the temperature becomes just above the martensitic transformation start point (Ms point) by the retained heat of the steel part. And quenching the steel by immersing it in the quenching oil.
が、予め設定された当該鋼材部品の冷却曲線に基づき決
定した焼入油中の浸漬時間及び焼入油中から取り出した
のちの放置時間により管理されることを特徴とする請求
項１記載の鋼材の焼入れ方法。2. The immersion time in quenched oil determined based on a preset cooling curve of the steel component during quenching and constant temperature holding, and leaving after being taken out from the quenched oil. The method for quenching steel according to claim 1, wherein the method is controlled by time.
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP32974599A JP2001152243A (en) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Steel quenching method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP32974599A JP2001152243A (en) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | Steel quenching method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
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| WO2013137376A1 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | 出光興産株式会社 | Heat treating oil composition |
| CN103667614A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 常熟市永达化工设备厂 | Heat treatment method for raising steel toughness |
| CN108486351A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of process for quenching of the thin-walled type gear with internal spline |
| CN113631730A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-11-09 | 株式会社爱信 | Quenching method |
-
1999
- 1999-11-19 JP JP32974599A patent/JP2001152243A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013137376A1 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | 出光興産株式会社 | Heat treating oil composition |
| US9637804B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2017-05-02 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Heat treating oil composition |
| CN103667614A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 常熟市永达化工设备厂 | Heat treatment method for raising steel toughness |
| CN108486351A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-04 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of process for quenching of the thin-walled type gear with internal spline |
| CN113631730A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-11-09 | 株式会社爱信 | Quenching method |
| CN113631730B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-09-22 | 株式会社爱信 | Quenching method |
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