JP2001149753A - Stack gas treating method - Google Patents

Stack gas treating method

Info

Publication number
JP2001149753A
JP2001149753A JP33608999A JP33608999A JP2001149753A JP 2001149753 A JP2001149753 A JP 2001149753A JP 33608999 A JP33608999 A JP 33608999A JP 33608999 A JP33608999 A JP 33608999A JP 2001149753 A JP2001149753 A JP 2001149753A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
dioxins
stack gas
compound
gas
flue gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP33608999A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takashi Ogawa
隆 小川
Kazuhiro Terada
和宏 寺田
Toshiharu Kuroda
利春 黒田
Masaki Kawashima
正毅 川島
Masafumi Moriya
雅文 守屋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miyoshi Yushi KK
Miyoshi Oil and Fat Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Miyoshi Yushi KK
Miyoshi Oil and Fat Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miyoshi Yushi KK, Miyoshi Oil and Fat Co Ltd filed Critical Miyoshi Yushi KK
Priority to JP33608999A priority Critical patent/JP2001149753A/en
Publication of JP2001149753A publication Critical patent/JP2001149753A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method by which the dioxin concentration in the stack gas generated at incineration of waste in reduced, by which specified equipment and stages for waste absorbent treatment are eliminated as in the method in which dioxins are adsorbed and removed by an adsorbent such as activated carbon and by which the inexpensive and efficient detoxifying treatment of stack gas is performed. SOLUTION: In the stack gas treating method, the concentration of the dioxins in the stack gas is reduced by decomposing and removing the dioxins in the stack gas or preventing the formation of the dioxins by allowing at least (A) one specie selected from the group of phosphorus based compounds, aluminum compounds and calcium compounds and (B) urea to come in contact with the stack gas.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は例えばゴミ、産業廃
棄物を焼却する際等に発生する排煙中に含有されるダイ
オキシン類等の塩素化合物を分解したり、生成を防止す
ることのできる排煙の処理方法に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas capable of decomposing or preventing the generation of chlorine compounds such as dioxins contained in exhaust gas generated when incinerating garbage and industrial waste. It relates to a method of treating smoke.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】都市ゴ
ミ、産業廃棄物等の焼却によって生じる排煙中には、S
Ox 、NOx 、塩化水素等の種々の有害物質が含まれて
おり、特にダイオキシン類等の塩素化合物(以下、単に
ダイオキシン類と呼ぶ。)を含む排煙が大気中に排出さ
れていることが近年、大きな社会問題となっている。
2. Description of the Related Art Smoke emission caused by incineration of municipal garbage, industrial waste, and the like, is caused by the presence of sulfur.
Recently, various harmful substances such as Ox, NOx, and hydrogen chloride are contained, and in recent years, smoke exhaust containing chlorine compounds such as dioxins (hereinafter, simply referred to as dioxins) has been discharged into the atmosphere. , Has become a major social problem.

【0003】ダイオキシン類は非常に安定な物質で水に
溶けず、半永久的に毒性が消失しないことから、その強
い毒性と相俟って環境汚染対策の重要化学物質とされて
いる。ゴミ焼却場等において廃棄物、特にプラスチック
廃棄物を焼却処理した際に生成する可能性の高いダイオ
キシン類の濃度を低下させるためには、排煙を活性炭等
と接触させる方法が、ある程度は有効であると言われて
いる。このため従来、排煙を活性炭と接触させた後、バ
グフィルターを通過させて排煙中からダイオキシン類を
除去することが試みられている。
[0003] Dioxins are very stable substances, are not soluble in water, and do not lose their toxicity semipermanently. Therefore, dioxins are regarded as important chemical substances for environmental pollution control in combination with their strong toxicity. In order to reduce the concentration of dioxins, which are likely to be generated when incinerating waste, especially plastic waste, at garbage incineration plants, contacting flue gas with activated carbon is effective to some extent. It is said that there is. For this reason, attempts have been made to remove dioxins from flue gas by contacting the flue gas with activated carbon and then passing the flue gas through a bag filter.

【0004】平成2年12月に厚生省から出された焼却
炉の運転に関するガイドラインでは、新設の焼却炉では
ダスト集塵機の入口ガス温度を200℃以下に下げ、集
塵機出口ガス中のダイオキシン類濃度を、国際毒性等価
換算濃度で0.5ng/Nm 3 以下にすること、既設の
焼却炉ではダスト集塵機の入口ガス温度を250〜28
0℃以下の極力低い温度となるように運転し、ダイオキ
シン類濃度を従来の1/10以下にすることが要望され
ている。しかしながら、これらの方法では、ダイオキシ
ン類の除去率は、バグフィルターの通過ガス温度を、実
用上の最低温度である150℃まで低下させても、9
9.5%以上のダイオキシン類除去率を常に確保するこ
とは困難であった。
[0004] Incineration from the Ministry of Health and Welfare in December 1990
According to the guidelines for furnace operation, new incinerators
Reduce the inlet gas temperature of the dust collector to 200 ° C or less,
The dioxin concentration in the exhaust gas from the dust collector is determined by
0.5 ng / Nm in converted concentration Three To be less than the existing
In the incinerator, set the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust collector to 250-28.
Operate to a temperature as low as possible below 0 ° C,
It is required to reduce the concentration of synths to 1/10 or less of the conventional one.
ing. However, in these methods, dioxy
The gas removal rate is determined by the temperature of the gas passing through the bag filter.
Even if the temperature is lowered to 150 ° C,
Always maintain a dioxin removal rate of 9.5% or more.
And it was difficult.

【0005】ゴミ等の焼却過程で発生するダイオキシン
類は、完全燃焼しないで生成したダイオキシン類の前駆
体等が集塵装置を通過する際の温度、触媒等の条件が、
ダイオキシン類が生成し易い条件となると、前駆体等と
燃焼ガス中の塩素ガス、塩化水素ガスとが反応してダイ
オキシン類が生成すると考えられている。そこで、上記
した従来の方法に加え、焼却工程後の次工程にダイオキ
シン類の除去工程を設けたり、ダイオキシン類生成の原
因物質となる塩素ガスや塩化水素ガスを除去するための
薬剤を添加する方法等も提案されている。
[0005] The dioxins generated in the incineration process of garbage and the like depend on the conditions such as temperature, catalyst and the like when the dioxin precursors generated without complete combustion pass through the dust collector.
It is considered that under conditions that dioxins are easily produced, precursors and the like react with chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas in the combustion gas to produce dioxins. Therefore, in addition to the above-described conventional method, a method of providing a dioxin removal step in the next step after the incineration step, or a method of adding an agent for removing chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas which is a substance causing dioxin generation. Etc. have also been proposed.

【0006】焼却工程後に更に設けるダイオキシン類の
除去工程としては、例えば活性炭等の吸着剤によってダ
イオキシン類を吸着除去する方法、五酸化バナジウム、
酸化タングステン、チタニア等の酸化触媒を用いて生成
したダイオキシン類を酸化分解する方法等が採用されて
いる(特開平3−128464号公報、特開平2−35
914号公報等)。しかしながら、吸着剤を用いる方法
で排煙中の低濃度のダイオキシン類を吸着除去するため
には、空間速度を低くしなければならず、このため装置
が巨大なものとなり、しかも廃活性炭等の再生や廃棄処
理の問題が生じる。また触媒を用いて酸化分解する方法
では、触媒作用によりダイオキシン類の新たな生成が起
こる可能性があるとともに、低温で処理した場合には排
煙中に含まれる塩化水素、SOx 、水銀ガス、有機塩素
化合物が触媒毒となって、触媒の性能が長期間維持でき
ないという問題があった。
As a dioxin removal step further provided after the incineration step, for example, a method of adsorbing and removing dioxins with an adsorbent such as activated carbon, vanadium pentoxide,
A method of oxidatively decomposing dioxins generated by using an oxidation catalyst such as tungsten oxide or titania has been adopted (JP-A-3-128464, JP-A-2-35).
914, etc.). However, in order to adsorb and remove low-concentration dioxins in flue gas by the method using an adsorbent, the space velocity must be reduced, which makes the apparatus bulky and recycles waste activated carbon and the like. And waste disposal problems. Also, in the method of oxidative decomposition using a catalyst, new generation of dioxins may occur due to the catalytic action, and when treated at low temperature, hydrogen chloride, SOx, mercury gas, organic There is a problem that the chlorine compound becomes a catalyst poison and the performance of the catalyst cannot be maintained for a long time.

【0007】一方、塩素ガス、塩化水素ガスを除去する
ための薬剤を添加する方法では、例えば水酸化カルシウ
ム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸カリウ
ム、炭酸ナトリウム等のアルカリ化合物を添加し、排煙
中に含まれるダイオキシン類の生成原因物質となる塩化
水素ガス等を、300〜900℃で中和処理して塩化カ
リウム、塩化ナトリウム等の塩にする方法(特開平3−
224618号公報)等が提案されているが、塩素ガス
や塩化水素ガスの除去効果は十分とはいえず、排煙中の
ダイオキシン類濃度を、国際毒性等価換算濃度で0.5
ng/Nm3以下に低減化することは困難であった。
On the other hand, in the method of adding a chemical for removing chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas, for example, an alkaline compound such as calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate or sodium carbonate is added and discharged. A method of neutralizing hydrogen chloride gas or the like, which is a substance causing formation of dioxins contained in smoke, at 300 to 900 ° C. to form salts such as potassium chloride and sodium chloride (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 3-
No. 224618) has been proposed, but the effect of removing chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride gas cannot be said to be sufficient, and the concentration of dioxins in flue gas is reduced to an equivalent concentration of 0.5 in terms of international equivalent toxicity.
It was difficult to reduce it to ng / Nm 3 or less.

【0008】本発明は上記の点に鑑みなされたもので、
ゴミ焼却場等において廃棄物を焼却処理する際等に生じ
る、排煙中のダイオキシン類を分解したり、ダイオキシ
ン類の前駆化合物を分解除去することによりダイオキシ
ン類の生成を防止し、排煙中のダイオキシン類の濃度を
著しく低減化することのできる排煙の処理方法を提供す
ることを目的とする。
[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above points,
Prevents the generation of dioxins by decomposing dioxins in smoke and decomposing and removing dioxin precursor compounds, which are generated when incinerating waste in garbage incineration plants, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating flue gas, which can significantly reduce the concentration of dioxins.

【0009】[0009]

【課題を解決するための手段】即ち、本発明の排煙の処
理方法は、(A)燐系化合物、アルミニウム化合物、カ
ルシウム化合物より選ばれた少なくとも1種と、(B)
尿素とを、排煙に接触させることを特徴とする。本発明
において、(A)燐系化合物、アルミニウム化合物、カ
ルシウム化合物より選ばれた少なくとも1種の粉末と、
(B)尿素の粉末とを、煙道中に噴霧供給して排煙と接
触させることが好ましい。
That is, the method for treating flue gas according to the present invention comprises: (A) at least one selected from a phosphorus compound, an aluminum compound, and a calcium compound;
Urea is brought into contact with flue gas. In the present invention, (A) at least one powder selected from a phosphorus compound, an aluminum compound, and a calcium compound;
It is preferable that (B) urea powder is sprayed and supplied into a flue to be brought into contact with flue gas.

【0010】[0010]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明方法において、上記(A)
の燐系化合物としては、例えば次亜燐酸ナトリウム、次
亜燐酸カリウム、次亜燐酸カルシウム、次亜燐酸マグネ
シウム、次亜燐酸アンモニウム等の次亜燐酸類;亜燐
酸、亜燐酸カルシウム、亜燐酸ナトリウム、亜燐酸カリ
ウム、亜燐酸マグネシウム、亜燐酸アンモニウム、亜燐
酸水素カルシウム、亜燐酸水素カリウム、亜燐酸水素ナ
トリウム、亜燐酸水素マグネシウム等の亜燐酸類;燐酸
カルシウム、燐酸ナトリウム、燐酸カリウム、燐酸アン
モニウム等の燐酸類が挙げられる。またアルミニウム化
合物としては、燐酸アルミニウム、硫酸アルミニウム、
水酸化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、硝酸アルミニ
ウム、アルミノシリカゲル等が、カルシウム化合物とし
ては、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、炭酸カルシ
ウム等が挙げられる。これらは2種以上を適宜混合して
用いることができる。上記した化合物のなかでも、
(A)の化合物としては次亜燐酸塩、アルミニウム化合
物が好ましい。
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the method of the present invention, the above (A)
Examples of the phosphorus compound include hypophosphites such as sodium hypophosphite, potassium hypophosphite, calcium hypophosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite; phosphorous acid, calcium phosphite, sodium phosphite, Phosphites such as potassium phosphite, magnesium phosphite, ammonium phosphite, calcium hydrogen phosphite, potassium hydrogen phosphite, sodium hydrogen phosphite, magnesium hydrogen phosphite; calcium phosphite, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and the like And phosphoric acids. Aluminum compounds include aluminum phosphate, aluminum sulfate,
Aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitrate, alumino silica gel and the like, and examples of the calcium compound include calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide and calcium carbonate. These can be used by appropriately mixing two or more kinds. Among the above compounds,
As the compound (A), a hypophosphite or an aluminum compound is preferable.

【0011】上記(A)の化合物と、(B)の尿素と
は、両者の合計量が排煙中で、500〜20000pp
mとなるように添加することが好ましい。また上記
(A)の化合物と、(B)の尿素とは、重量比で
(A):(B)=0.01:99.9〜99.9:0.
01の割合で使用することが好ましい。
The total amount of the compound (A) and the urea (B) is 500 to 20,000 pp in flue gas.
It is preferable to add m. The compound (A) and the urea (B) are in a weight ratio of (A) :( B) = 0.01: 99.9 to 99.9: 0.
It is preferably used at a ratio of 01.

【0012】本発明方法において、廃棄物等の焼却処理
によって発生した排煙を、上記(A)の化合物及び
(B)の尿素に接触させることにより、排煙中のダイオ
キシン類が分解されるとともに、ダイオキシン類の前駆
体が分解され、ダイオキシン類の前駆体と、塩化水素、
塩素ガスとが反応してダイオキシン類が生成するのを防
止できる。
In the method of the present invention, by contacting the flue gas generated by the incineration of waste and the like with the compound (A) and the urea (B), dioxins in the flue gas are decomposed. , The precursor of dioxins is decomposed, the precursor of dioxins and hydrogen chloride,
Dioxins can be prevented from reacting with chlorine gas to form dioxins.

【0013】排煙を、(A)の化合物及び(B)の化合
物と接触させる方法としては、煙道に(A)の化合物と
(B)の化合物を含む水溶液を噴霧する方法、煙道に
(A)の化合物と(B)の化合物の粉末を、エアーブロ
ー等によって噴霧供給する等の方法が挙げられるが、水
溶液で添加した場合のような、排煙の温度を低下させて
SOx、NOx等の酸化物によるフィルターの目詰まり
等を生じる虞れがない後者の方法が好ましい。(A)及
び(B)の化合物と接触させる際の排煙の温度は160
〜600℃、特に200〜300℃が好ましい。
As a method of contacting the flue gas with the compound (A) and the compound (B), a method of spraying an aqueous solution containing the compound (A) and the compound (B) into the flue, Examples of the method include spraying and supplying the powder of the compound of (A) and the compound of (B) by air blowing or the like. However, as in the case where the powder is added as an aqueous solution, the temperature of flue gas is lowered to reduce SOx and NOx. The latter method, which does not cause the filter to be clogged by oxides such as, is preferable. The temperature of the flue gas upon contact with the compounds of (A) and (B) is 160
-600 ° C, particularly preferably 200-300 ° C.

【0014】[0014]

【実施例】以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説
明する。 実施例1〜4、比較例1 ゴミ焼却装置でゴミを焼却して発生した排煙(排ガス量
6000m3 /時間)の煙道内に、表1に示す(A)の
化合物と(B)尿素との混合物(両者の重量比を表1に
示す。)の粉末を、エアーブローによって3kg/時間
の割合で噴霧して、排煙と(A)及び(B)の化合物と
を接触させた後(比較例は添加せず)、バグフィルター
を通過させ、バグフィルターを通過した排煙中に含まれ
るダイオキシン類濃度(等価換算毒性)を測定した。煙
道内における排煙温度、バグフィルターを通過した排煙
中のダイオキシン類の濃度を表1にあわせて示す。
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 In a flue of smoke (exhaust gas amount: 6000 m 3 / hour) generated by incinerating garbage by a garbage incinerator, the compound of (A) shown in Table 1 and (B) urea Powder (a weight ratio of both is shown in Table 1) was sprayed by air blow at a rate of 3 kg / hour to contact the exhaust gas with the compounds (A) and (B) ( After passing through a bag filter, the concentration of dioxins (equivalent equivalent toxicity) contained in the smoke discharged through the bag filter was measured. Table 1 shows the flue gas temperature in the flue and the concentration of dioxins in the flue gas that passed through the bag filter.

【0015】[0015]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0016】[0016]

【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明方法によれ
ば、廃棄物を焼却した際等に生じる排煙中のダイオキシ
ン濃度を著しく低減化でき、ダイオキシン類を活性炭等
の吸着剤によって吸着除去する方法のように、廃吸着剤
処理のための特別な設備や工程が不要であり、低コスト
で効率良く排煙の無害化処理を行うことができる効果が
ある。
As described above, according to the method of the present invention, the concentration of dioxin in flue gas generated when waste is incinerated or the like can be significantly reduced, and dioxins are adsorbed and removed by an adsorbent such as activated carbon. Unlike the method, no special equipment or process for waste adsorbent treatment is required, and there is an effect that the detoxification treatment of smoke exhaust can be efficiently performed at low cost.

フロントページの続き (72)発明者 黒田 利春 東京都葛飾区堀切4丁目66番1号 ミヨシ 油脂株式会社内 (72)発明者 川島 正毅 東京都葛飾区堀切4丁目66番1号 ミヨシ 油脂株式会社内 (72)発明者 守屋 雅文 東京都葛飾区堀切4丁目66番1号 ミヨシ 油脂株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 4D002 AA18 AA19 AA21 AC04 BA03 BA14 BA20 CA01 DA02 DA03 DA05 DA08 DA18 DA57 EA01 GA01 GA03 GB03 GB08 Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Toshiharu Kuroda 4-66-1, Horikiri, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo Inside Miyoshi Yushi Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masatake 4-66-1, Horikiri, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo Inside Miyoshi Yushi Corporation (72) Inventor Masafumi Moriya 4-66, Horikiri, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D002 AA18 AA19 AA21 AC04 BA03 BA14 BA20 CA01 DA02 DA03 DA05 DA08 DA18 DA57 EA01 GA01 GA03 GB03 GB08

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 (A)燐系化合物、アルミニウム化合
物、カルシウム化合物より選ばれた少なくとも1種と、
(B)尿素とを、排煙に接触させることを特徴とする排
煙の処理方法。
(A) at least one selected from a phosphorus compound, an aluminum compound, and a calcium compound;
(B) A method for treating flue gas, comprising contacting urea with flue gas.
【請求項2】 (A)燐系化合物、アルミニウム化合
物、カルシウム化合物より選ばれた少なくとも1種の粉
末と、(B)尿素の粉末とを、煙道中に噴霧供給して排
煙と接触させる請求項1記載の排煙の処理方法。
2. A method in which (A) at least one powder selected from a phosphorus compound, an aluminum compound, and a calcium compound and (B) urea powder are sprayed into a flue and brought into contact with flue gas. Item 7. The method for treating smoke exhaust according to Item 1.
JP33608999A 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Stack gas treating method Pending JP2001149753A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33608999A JP2001149753A (en) 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Stack gas treating method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP33608999A JP2001149753A (en) 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Stack gas treating method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001149753A true JP2001149753A (en) 2001-06-05

Family

ID=18295596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP33608999A Pending JP2001149753A (en) 1999-11-26 1999-11-26 Stack gas treating method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2001149753A (en)

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